EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA SECUNDARIA - WordPress.com · UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 3: “IF I WERE” LOGRO: Reconoce la diferencia entre eventos reales e irreales y utiliza la estructura lingüística

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INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA CIUDADELA DEL SUR

EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA

SECUNDARIA GRADO 10°

ÁREA LENGUA INGLESA

Periodo 3

ELBORADO POR Verónica Ortiz Alvaran

2012

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Institución Educativa Ciudadela Del SurInstitución Educativa Ciudadela Del SurInstitución Educativa Ciudadela Del SurInstitución Educativa Ciudadela Del Sur EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA SECUNDARIA

ÁREA LENGUA INGLESA

Tercer Periodo

UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 3: “IF I WERE”

LOGRO: Reconoce la diferencia entre eventos reales e irreales y utiliza la estructura lingüística

de la primera y segunda condicional para describir realidades, situaciones hipotéticas, sueños y

aspiraciones.

COMPETENCIAS

INTERPRETATIVA: Comprendo textos de diferentes tipos y fuentes sobre temas de interés

general y académico. Selecciono y aplico estrategias de lectura apropiadas para el texto y la

tarea.

ARGUMENTATIVA: Escribo textos que explican mis preferencias, decisiones y actuaciones.

PROPOSITIVA: Participo en conversaciones en las que puedo explicar mis opiniones e ideas

sobre temas generales, personales y abstractos.

CONTENIDOS

GUÍA Nº1

GUÍA Nº2

GUÍA Nº3

GUÍA Nº4

Posibilities and realities

“First Conditional”

Posibilities and realities

“Present Simple Review”

Real and Unreal Events

“Second Conditional”

Real and Unreal Events

“Past Simple Review”

CRITERIOS DE EVALUACIÓN: Momento A: Apropiación de conceptos.

Momento B: Análisis y propuesta de solución de problemas

Momento C: Práctica en el contexto

Momento D: Capacidad de hacer nuevas propuestas e inventiva.

• Cumplimiento y responsabilidad

• Puntualidad

• Asistencia.

10°

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GUÍA No. 01

”Possibilities and Realities” (3 SEMANAS) Reading Exercise

Vocabulary

A gap year: = free time between school and university when young people travel

Worried: = anxious

To hitch: = to ask drivers for a lift by putting out your thumb

Peter is doing a gap year and going travelling in South America with his friend Tony. His

mother is a little worried about this and is talking to him. She has an endless stream of

questions.

Mum…‘Peter, whatever you do, don’t lose your passport ,what will you do if you lose your

passport?’

Peter… ‘Mum, if I lose my passport, I’ll go straight to the British Embassy.

Mum…’I know. I know, but what if it’s a long way?’

Peter… If it’s a long way I’ll just get on a train or I’ll hitch a lift’

Mum…’Oh dear Peter, what’ll you do if you and Tony have an argument?’

Peter… ‘ Mum, I have known Tony for many years and if we have a difference of opinion we’ll

talk about it in a grown-up way’

Mum…’What if you get sun stroke or an allergy?’

Peter…’Mum , if I get sun stroke or have an allergy, I’ll find a doctor- anyway if I wear my sun

hat I won’t get sunstroke. Mum if you worry too much you’ll go grey!!

Write true or false in the following statement.

1. If Peter loses his Passport, he will go straight the British Embassy

2. Peter will not find a doctor if he gets an allergy.

3. Peter will just get on a train if it is a long way.

Lee y expresa posibilidades y realidades.

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4. If Peter and Tony have an argument, they will fight.

5. Peter´s mother will go grey if she worries too much.

CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO.

THE FIRST CONDITIONAL

Las oraciones condicionales tienen dos partes:

1. la oración subordinada con if que expresa una condición

2. la oración principal que expresa el resultado (si la condición se cumple o no)

La primera condicional habla de las posibles acciones o acontecimientos que pueden ocurrir o

no.

La oración condicional comienza con if y va generalmente en presente simple, mientras que la

oración principal va generalmente en futuro con “will” y describe lo que ocurrirá si la condición

se cumple, o no llega a cumplirse.

IF + SUJ + VERB + COMPLEMENT /// SUJ + WILL+ VERB+ COMPLEMENT

Ex: If Alice works hard, she will pass the test

If you play with matches, you will burn your fingers

Tanto la oración principal como la subordinada pueden ir en primer lugar, pero si la oración

subordinada va en primer lugar, hemos de poner una coma entre ambas.

Ex: If she likes the dress, she will buy it

La primera condicional puede usarse también para hacer sugerencias y dar instrucciones o

mandatos. En este uso se puede sustituir “will” por un modal o un imperativo.

Ex: If you go to Rome, you might visit the Coliseum

If you need my help, call me!

If you press this

button, the door will

open.

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To practice

Please write and develop the following activities in your notebook.

Fill in the gaps

1 If the train is late, I………….(take) the bus.

2 If the museum is closed, we………..(go) shopping

3 If I forget my purse, I………….(borrow) some money from Sue.

4 If we are late, we………..(miss)the bus

Other word order

1. We will go to the seaside if the weather ………….(be) sunny

2. I’ll take the bus if it …………(rain)

3. My mother will kill me if she ……………….(find out)

4. My sister will cry if she ………….(lose) her doll.

Negatives

1. If I fail this exam I ………….(not do) it again.

2. If you wear those clothes you………….(get cold)

3. We ……(not go) to the seaside if it rains.

4. I………….(.not walk) if my foot hurts.

Class Activity

Please write and develop all the following exercise s in your notebook.

Exercise 1:

A. Complete the sentences:

1. You will be ill if you ______________ (eat) so much.

2. If you wait he __________________ (come)

3. If you ____________ (ring) the bell, the servant _____________ (come)

4. If the children ______________ (be) good, they can stay up late.

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5. If the beggar _______________ (ask) for money, you ___________(give) him some.

6. If you _______________ (buy) that big house, you ___________ (need) a lot of money.

7. If you _______________ (put) the parcel on the table, the boy __________ (post) it for you.

B. Put the words in the right order and make any necessary changes to the verbs.

1. She / Susan / you / if / see / to / speak / you /

2. ____________________________________________________________

3. He / it / if / come / be / nice / very

4. ____________________________________________________________

5. You / be / ill / if / not go / you / school / to

6. ____________________________________________________________

7. They / if / not leave / not finish / alone / me / I / homework / my

8. ____________________________________________________________

C. Read the text and write TRUE or FALSE next to the sentences below.

YOGA

Yoga is an ancient system of movement and meditation.

Hindus developed yoga thousands of years ago. They wanted to have perfect control over the

body and mind.

Yoga is still practiced today. It helps keep your body healthy and your mind peaceful.

All yoga sessions end with Shavasana or the “dead pose.” Shavasana is very simple. Lie on your

back and keep your legs and arms straight. close your eyes and breathe deeply. Relax the

muscles in your legs. Start from the ankles and go up. Relax the muscles in your arms. Start

from the fingers and go towards the shoulders. Relax the muscles in your neck and face.

Breathe deeply and slowly.

When you do Shavasana, your pulse rate gets lower and your breathing gets slower. Very

experienced yogis can have o breathing rate of only four breaths per minute and a pulse rate of

under 50 beats per minute.

1. lf you do yoga, you will end with the Shavasana pose. …………………….

2. lf you do Shavasana, your pulse rote will get lower. ………………

3. lf your pulse rate gets lower, you will breathe more quickly. ……………….

4. lf you breathe slowly, your muscles won’t relax. ………………….

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5. lf your muscles relax, you will feel rested. ………………………..

6. lf your muscles relax, you will breathe more quickly. ………………………

Exercise 2:

A. Complete the following sentences

1. What will happen if you don´t do homework?

I _________________________________________________ (fail) the course.

2. What will happen if you take someone else´s belongings without permission?

I _________________________________________________ (be punished).

3. What will happen if you don´t bring your materials to class?

I _________________________________________________ (learn) the lessons.

4. What will happen if you are not on time for class?

I _________________________________________________ (miss) the class.

B. Match the sentences

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C. In these sentences, the situation may happen or not in the future, but the conditions

are realistic, so we think it might occur.

Ex: If it rains, they will get wet. Or Ex: They will get wet if it rains.

Now try to practice what you have just learnt:

1. If he ____________ (study) hard, he ______________ (pass) the exam.

2. If you __________ (practice) everyday, you _________ (play) violin very well.

3. If she ___________ (eat) too much fast food, she __________ (put on) weight.

4. He _____________ (buy) a farm in Alentejo if he ___________ (earn) lots of money.

5. They ____________ (get) drunk if he ____________(drink) too much alcohol.

6. If one ___________ (eat) an apple a day, one ___________ (keep) the doctor away.

7. If John ___________ (not/follow) my advice, he ___________ (get) in trouble.

8. If the court _________ (find) them guilty, they ____________(go) to jail.

9. If he ___________ (save) enough money, he __________ (buy) a beach house.

10. I _____________ (go) to university if I ______________ (pass) this last exam.

D. Fill in the gaps with the type 1 conditional sentences.

1. If you _________ (squeeze) an orange, you ___________ (get) orange juice.

2. You _______ (put) on some more weight if you _______ (eat) too much sugar.

3. If I ________ (study) a lot, I ________ (pass) the year.

4. If you __________ (press) that button, the machine _________ (stop) functioning.

5. If you __________ (not / apologise), she ___________ (not / forgive) you.

6. If you __________ (wash) the dishes today, I __________ (dust) the house.

7. What __________ (happen) if I _________ (press) this button?

8. If there ___ (not / be) enough water in the next few years, many people ___ (die).

9. If we __________ (not / recycle), we __________ (put) our own survival at risk.

10. It ________ (be) damaged if you _________ (press) it too much.

11. If you _____ (touch) the dog, it ______ (bite) you.

12. Students _________ (get) good marks if they ________ (study) regularly.

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Exercise 3: Speaking activity

Look at the chart below and complete the sentences with your ideas, then ask one of your

classmate and finally share the information with the class.

Exercise 4: Listening activity

Fill in the blanks with information that you can hear from the record.

Use the words from the box.

1) If you go to Europe, you’ll have a wonderful time for your ____________________.

2) If you go to that National Park, you’ll see many ________________.

3) If you go to Disneyland, you won’t see any _____________, you’ll see Mickey Mouse.

4) If you like __________, you can go to Colorado.

5) If your husband doesn’t like this sport, probably he ______________ to go there.

Now answer the following comprehension questions.

1. If you go to London, what place can you go to?

2. If you go to Disneyland, what will you see?

3. What can you do if you go to Colorado?

4. If you go to Hawaii, which place can you go to?

5. What can you see, if you go to Hawaii?

6. Which place did the woman decide to go to for her wedding anniversary?

Your answer Your classmate answer

If you do not water plants,

If you study hard,

If you tell the teacher you forgot to do the

homework,

If you heat ice cubes,

If you fail to set your alarm,

If you meet the man/woman of your dreams,

if you sit in the sun too long,

If you go to London,

If you go to the gym,

Clues: won´t like, Wedding

anniversary, bears, skiing,

Clues : Waikiki Beach , Buckingham Palace, beautiful sunset at the

beach , Mickey Mouse, skiing, palm trees, Hawaii, beautiful flowers

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Desarrolla la siguiente actividad con ayuda de tus familiares o vecinos

Ask your relatives to complete the following situation and write their answers in the chart.

Mother/Father Sister/Brother Cousin/Aunt/Uncle Grand-

mother/father

If you meet the man

of your dreams,

If you dial a wrong

number,

If you tell the boss

you were late for work

because you forgot to

set the alarm,

If you don’t pay your

credit card bill,

If you go out with no

makeup and wearing

your worst clothes

and with greasy hair,

If you don’t save

things on your

computer,

Referencias bibliográficas

El profesor evalúa los logros alcanzados con el desarrollo de esta unidad .Si lo considera necesario, me indica qué actividades de refuerzo debo realizar.

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GUÍA No. 02

”Possibilities and Realities” (2 SEMANAS) « Simple present review »

Read the text carefully

Alfred is an American boy. He lives in Los Angeles, California. He lives with his family in a

modern house. He is eleven years old and he has got an older brother, David, and a younger

sister, Emma.

He starts his day at about half past seven. He gets up, goes to the bathroom, takes a shower,

brushes his teeth and get dressed. Then he has breakfast and at a quarter to eight he leaves

home and catches the bus to school.

Classes begin at half past eight. He usually has lunch at the school canteen at half past twelve.

After school, at a quarter past five, he goes home. There he does his school homework and

when he finishes it he helps his Mum laying the table. At half past seven the family dines

together.

Alfred is a very helpful boy, so he helps his mother cleaning up everything after dinner.

He usually watches TV for a while after dinner and at about ten o’clock the most he brushes

his teeth again, puts on his Spider Man pajamas and goes to bed. His parents always kiss him

good night before he gets asleep. Alfred is a very happy boy!

True or false

1. Alfred is an American boy. ______________

2. He lives in a modern flat. _______________

3. He is eleven years old. _________________

4. He has got two brothers. _______________

5. Alfred wakes up at eight o’clock. __________

Identifica y entiende el uso del presente simple, por medio de la

descripción de sus pasatiempos y obligaciones en la vida cotidiana.

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6. He walks to school. ____________________

7. His classes begin at half past eight. _______

8. Alfred and his family have dinner at half past seven. ______________________________

Match the antonyms

modern

older

starts

leaves

begin

together

helpful

happy

enters

alone

end

old-fasioned

unhappy

younger

finishes

unhelpful

Answer the following questions

1. Where does Alfred live? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. What’s his sister’s name? --------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. What time does he wake up? ----------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Does he have breakfast at home? -----------------------------------------------------------------

5. What time does he leave home? -------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Where does he have lunch? ------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. When does he return home? -----------------------------------------------------------------------

8. Does he make homework at school or at home? --------------------------------------------------

9. Is he a helpful boy? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10. What about you? What’s your daily routine like? -----------------------------------------------


Presente Simple - (Simple Present Tense)

El Presente Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones habituales que

suceden con cierta frecuencia y no hace referencia a si está ocurriendo en el momento actual.

I play tennis. Yo juego al tenis.

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(Hace mención de un deporte que realizo cotidianamente y que no necesariamente lo estoy

jugando en este momento).

He works in an office. Él trabaja en una oficina.

(Se refiere al trabajo que desarrolla una persona frecuentemente).

They travel to Madrid. Ellos viajan a Madrid.

(Habla de un viaje que se repite a diario, aunque el sujeto no lo esté realizando ahora).

A continuación se muestran las formas afirmativa, interrogativa y negativa de este tiempo

verbal:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I play I don't go Do I play ?

You play You don't go Do you play ?

He/She/It plays He/She/It

doesn't play

Does he/she/it

play ?

We play We don't play Do we play ?

They play They don't play Do they play ?

En el cuadro superior se ha tomado como ejemplo el verbo PLAY. Observe que en el modo

afirmativo, en la 3º persona del singular, se le añade una "S" al verbo.

He eats vegetables. Él come vegetales.

Alice dances at the theatre. Alice baila en el teatro.

The dog breaks the fence. El perro rompe la cerca.

En el modo interrogativo y negativo se utiliza el auxiliar DO, aunque en la 3º persona del

singular se coloca como auxiliar DOES y se le quita la "S" al verbo.

Existen algunos casos particulares como por ejemplo, si el verbo empleado termina en "SS",

"SH", "CH", "O" y "X" al formar la 3º persona del singular en la forma afirmativa se le agrega

"ES". Aquí vemos algunos ejemplos:

Si el verbo es FISH (pescar), se conjugará: He fishes at the sea. Él pesca en el mar.

Si el verbo es KISS (besar), se conjugará: She kisses to her boyfriend. Ella besa a su novio.

Si el verbo es WATCH (observar), se conjugará: He watches the mountain. Él observa la

montaña.

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Si el verbo es FIX (arreglar), se conjugará: He fixes his car. Él arregla su coche.

Si el verbo es GO (ir), se conjugará: She goes to the office. Ella va a la oficina.

Otra excepción se presenta si el verbo termina en "Y" tras consonante. Para formar la 3º

persona del singular se sustituye esta "Y" por una "i" acompañada de la terminación "ES". Por

ejemplo:

Si el verbo es STUDY (estudiar) se conjugará: She studies the lesson. Ella estudia la lección.

Para la forma negativa se puede emplear la forma contraída de DON'T en lugar de DO

NOT o DOESN'T en vez de DOES NOT.

I don't play tennis. Yo no juego al tenis.

He doesn't work in an office. Él no trabaja en una oficina.

They don't travel to Madrid. Ellos no viajan a Madrid.

Usos del presente simple

• Acciones habituales (estilos de vida, hábitos, rutina diaria).

Lucas gets up at 9:00 am. Lucas se levanta a las nueve.

Paul and I do a lot of things every day. Paul y yo hacemos muchas cosas a diario.

• Hechos o verdades generales.

The sun sets in the west. El sol se pone por el oeste.

The Earth goes around the sun. La Tierra gira alrededor del sol.

• Situaciones permanentes.

Maria lives in Buenos Aires. María vive en Buenos Aires.

It costs a lot of money to stay at the Hilton. Cuesta mucho dinero alojarse en el Hilton.

• Primer Condicional.

If you heat butter, it melts. Si calientas manteca, ésta se derrite.

Contact me if you need any help. Ponte en contacto conmigo si necesitas ayuda.

Expresiones usuales del presente simple

often - generally - usually - always - never

every day - every week - every month - every year – sometimes

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Vocabulary – Verbs

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Vocabulary – Verbs

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To practice: write and develop the following exercise in your notebook.

Use the previous vocabulary to write 10 sentences in simple present tense, then change the

sentences into negative and interrogative sentences.

Please write and develop the following exercises in your notebook.

Activity 1:

A. Complete the sentences with do, does, don´t, doesn´t.

1. ______ like Science?- yes, I ______.

2. ______ she play tennis? - No, she ______.

3. ______ they have good marks? - Yes, they ______.

4. ______ your father travel a lot? - Yes, he ______.

5. ______ the cat like fish? - Yes, it ______.

6. ______ the children speak French? - No, they ______.

B. Complete the sentences with the present simple.

1. I ___________ (usually/go) for a walk after school.

2. Tina ___________ (enjoy) dancing.

3. School ___________(finish) at 6.15 p.m.

4. mark ___________ (not/like) dancing.

5. This actor ___________(make) very good movies.

6. Where ___________ she ___________(keep) the keys?

C. Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form.

1. He eats too many hamburgers. ____________________________________

2. The children go to bed early. ____________________________________

3. Mark likes ice-cream. ____________________________________

4. We read the newspaper every day. ____________________________________

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D. Rewrite the following sentences in the interrogative form.

1. She likes coke. ____________________________________

2. the children play in the park . ____________________________________

3. Mr. Smith drives a bus. ____________________________________

4. Mary usually does her homework after dinner. ____________________________________

E. Make sentences. Put the verbs in the

present simple and the frequency

adverbs in the right place.

1. for / Tim / is / late / often / school?

____________________________________

2. No, / rarely/ late is / he.

____________________________________

3. often / he/ in / not behave / class /

badly.

____________________________________

4. argue/ never / about / politics / they ____________________________________

5. family/ she / for / cook/ usually / the / whole ____________________________________

6. homework/ usually / does / at / his / seven/. ...........................................................................

7. is / sister / late / my / always / .............................................................................................

8. the / go / sometimes / to / cinema / we/..............................................................................................

9. is / unhappy / James / never / ..............................................................................................

10. always / are / they / friendly / ...............................................................................................

11. often / the / school / walk / to / children..............................................................................................

12. after / usually / I / meet / friends / school / my. .............................................................................

13. pizza / mum / never / my / makes / ...............................................................................................

Activity 2:

A. What is the 3rd person singular of these verbs in the Present Simple?

1. go _________

2. do_________

3. watch______

4. finish______

5. be_________

6. drink ________

7. know________

8. read________

9. come________

10. have________

11. study _______

12. carry_______

13. try_________

14. marry_______

15. play________

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B. Complete the sentences using the correct form of these verbs in the Present Simple:

1. ___________ me a coat and I'll put it in my bedroom

2. Margaret _________ her diet today.

3. Mrs Ellison ________ 5 kilos of meat every Saturday.

4. The doctor __________ Marcy is in great shape.

5. Mary says you _______ five languages. You must be very intelligent.

6. Every Monday I ___________ a composition in school.

7. My family always ___________ their holidays in the south.

8. James _________ television 10 hours a day!

9. Janice is such a good student! She __________3 hours every night.

C. Rewrite the following statements in the negative form.

a) My mother makes a wonderful butter cake.

b) Peter and Maggie like a cup of coffee after dinner.

c) Your grandmother is a beautiful old lady

d) Your dog comes to my house every day.

e) Bill and Clay are very close friends.

f) Peter has got two cats.

g) My mother work in a bookshop in Oxford Street.

D. Write the questions to the following answers.

1. ___________________________________________? She lives at 25, Regent Street, London.

2. ___________________________________________? She is a new student at our school.

3. ___________________________________________? No, Mary doesn't have a computer at home.

4. ___________________________________________? Yes, children swim very well.

5. ___________________________________________? Carol is the best football player in school.

6. ___________________________________________? My brother wants to be a doctor.

Activity 3: Listening Exercise

Listen carefully and complete the text.

Watch study write buy start think spend drive give speak

Clues: grown, are, taste, contain, makes, think, usually, vegetable, is, come, twenty-five, white, does not, have, turn, animal

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Not All Carrots Are Orange

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

Carrots are ___________ on farms and in family gardens throughout the world. Carrots ________

easy to raise and easy to harvest. They _____________ good. And they ___________ a lot of

carotene, which the body _____________ into vitamin A.

When people __________ of carrots, they ___________ picture in their mind a ____________ that ____

long, thin and orange in color. But carrots ________ in many different sizes and shapes. And not

all carrots _____ orange.

For example, Paris Market carrots _______ about five centimeters around. Imperator carrots are

thin and about ____________ centimeters long. And Belgian White carrots are, as their

names suggests, _____________.

For the best results, carrots should be grown in sandy soil that _________ hold water for a long

time. The soil also should ________ no rocks.

To prepare your carrot garden, dig up the soil, loosen it and _____________ it over. Then, mix in

some plant material or __________ fertilizer.

Activity 4: Speaking exercise

Talk with your partners about their daily routines, then write the answers in the chart.

Questions Friend 1 Friend 2

What t time do you get up in the morning?

What do you do on weekday evenings?

How often do you go to the gym? Do you like it?

How often do you go out on Saturday nights?

How often do you read a newspaper?

What do you do after you get up?

How often do you floss your teeth?

What do you like to do in your free time? Explain.

What time do you have lunch on Sundays?

What do you do in the afternoon?

Who do you usually party with?

What do you do at weekends?

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Look at the picture and write Kevin´s daily routine in your notebook.


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GUÍA No. 03

”Real and Unreal Events” (3 SEMANAS)

Before Reading Vocabulary recognition. Match the word with the concept.

1. Recent _____ A. a hard surface built for vehicles to travel on

2. State _____ B. to stop working

3. Drive _____ C. to obtain sth by paying money for it

4. Road _____ D. to formally write or say sth, especially in a careful and clear way

5. Buy _____ E. two times; on two occasions

6. Freeway _____ F. to operate a vehicle so that it goes in a particular direction

7. Shut down _____ G. that happened or began only a short time ago

8. Twice _____ H. a place where you can sit, for example a chair

9. Seat _____ I. a wide road, with at least two LANES in each direction, where traffic

can travel fast for long distances between large towns.

Read the text carefully

Microsoft, GM

At a recent computer expo, Bill Gates reportedly compared the computer industry with the auto

industry and stated: “If GM had kept up with technology like the computer industry has, we

would all be driving twenty-five dollar cars that got 1000 miles to the gallon.” In response to

Bill’s comments, General Motors issued a press release the very next week.

If Microsoft made cars, we would all be driving cars with the following characteristics:

1. For no reason whatsoever your car would crash twice a day.

2. Every time they repainted the lines on the road you would have to buy a new car.

3. Occasionally your car would die on the freeway for no reason, and

you would just accept this, restart and drive on.

4. Occasionally, executing a maneuver such as a left turn would cause your car to shut

down and refuse to restart. If that happened, you would have to reinstall the engine.

Comprende textos que expresan acciones imaginarias o con muy pocas probabilidades.

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5. Macintosh would make a car that was powered by the sun, reliable, five times as fast,

and twice as easy to drive, but would only run on five per cent of the roads.

6. If something went wrong, the oil, water temperature and alternator warning

lights would be replaced by a single “general car failure” warning light.

7. New seats would force everyone to have the same size butt.

8. If you had an accident, the airbag system would say, “Are you sure?” before going off.

9. Occasionally for no reason whatsoever, your car would lock you out and refuse to let

you in until you simultaneously lifted the door handle, turned the key, and grab hold of

the radio antenna.

10. If GM introduced a new model, car buyers would have to learn how to drive all over

again because none of the controls would operate in the same manner as the old car.

11. If Microsoft made cars, you would press the “start” button to shut off the engine.

12. We would all have to switch to Microsoft Gas if we bought a Microsoft car.

13. If you were driving downhill really fast, with the headlights, air conditioning and CD

player on at the same time, you would get the following message: “This car has

performed an illegal operation and will be shut”.

True or false

1. If your car refused to start, you would have to restart the engine

2. If you had an accident, The airbag system would not say, “Are you sure?” before going off

3. If we bought a Microsoft car, We would all have to switch to Microsoft Gas

4. Car buyers would not have to learn how to drive all over again If GM introduced a new

model

5. If Microsoft made cars, you would press the “start” button to shut off the engine.


Second Conditional

Las oraciones condicionales de segundo tipo se caracterizan porque la condición es improbable

que se cumpla, aunque no es imposible. El verbo de la cláusula principal va en condicional.

Ex: If I ate more, I would be very fat Si yo comiera más, estaría muy gordo

If I worked harder, I would pass the exam Si yo trabajara más, pasaría el examen

24

Además, se utiliza esta forma condicional de forma similar al futuro, pero desde un tiempo

pasado.

Ex: I thought that she would buy a car Pensaba que ella se compraría un coche

La oración condicional comienza con if y va pasado simple, mientras que la oración principal

va con “would”

IF + SUJ + VERB + COMPLEMENT /// SUJ + WOULD+ VERB+ COMPLEMENT

Ex: If Alice studied harder, she would pass the test

If I won the loterry, I would buy a house

Para la forma negativa, tenemos que anteponer la partícula not entre would y el verbo

principal. Para la contracción de la partícula negativa podemos escribir wouldn’t.

Ex: You would not say that Tú no dirías eso

We shouldn’t buy that house Nosotros no compraríamos esa casa

Para formar oraciones interrogativas negativas con este condicional del inglés tenemos que

anteponer not entre el auxiliar would y el verbo principal. También podemos usar la contracción

wouldn’t

Ex: Would you not go to the party? ¿No irías a la fiesta?


Complete the sentences

1. If i ...........(earn) more money i would buy a new house.

2. If she ...........(not water) the plants, they would die.

3. Is she wasn’t a good player, she ................(not be) in the team.

4. I .............(give) a party if i lived in a big house.

5. What................(you/do) if you won the lottery?

Circle the right option

1. If i knew/would know the answer i would tell you

2. If mary had his cell phone number, she would phone/ phoned him.

25

3. If he wouldn’t be/ wasn’t so shy, he would go to parties.

4. If i were rich, i would travel/ travelled around the world.

5. She would get the job if the would speak/ spoke engish.

Paraphrase these sentences using the second conditional

1. I won’t buy it I don’t have enough money

If…………………………………………………………………………….

2. I won’t make my bed, I don’t have time.

If…………………………………………………………………………

3. He won’t go to the cinema, he doesn’t like films

If…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. I never do my homework, so my teacher always gets angry with me.

If…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. I don’t have a car, so i have to take the bus

If………………………………………………………………………………

Class Activity


Exercise 1:

A. Complete the sentence in second conditionals.

1. If he ____________ (study) hard, he ______________ (pass) the exam.

2. If you __________ (practice) everyday, you _________ (play) violin very well.

3. If she ___________ (eat) too much fast food, she __________ (put on) weight.

4. He _____________ (buy) a farm in Alentejo if he ___________ (earn) lots of money.

5. They ____________ (not/get) drunk if he ____________(drink) too much alcohol.

6. If one ___________ (eat) an apple a day, one ___________ (keep) the doctor away.

7. If John ___________ (follow) my advice, he ___________ (not/get) in trouble.

26

8. If the court _________ (find) them guilty, they ____________(go) to jail.

9. If he ___________ (save) enough money, he __________ (buy) a beach house.

10. I _____________ (go) to university if I ______________ (pass) this last exam.

B. Match the beginnings of the sentences to the correct endings, to make logical

conditional sentences.

1. If I were taller, a. … if I thought he really loved me.

2. I'd buy a new computer… b. … you lost your job?

3. How would you feel if… c. … if you apologized.

4. If you could visit any country in the world, d. … I'd come to the party with you.

5. He'd be really upset… e. … if he knew about the theft.

6. I'd marry him tomorrow… f. … I wouldn't have to wear high heeled

shoes.

7. I'd forgive you… g. … if I had enough money.

8. If I didn't feel so ill, h. … where would you go?

C. Word Order. Choose the 5 words which complete each sentence:

1. … … … … … marry him, would you say yes?

2. How would we keep in touch … … … … …?

3. … … … … … if the pay was lower than it is?

4. If she … …, … … … going out with her.

5. If people … … …, … … be fewer wars.

6. If you … … …, … … be able to communicate.

he to if would asked asks you

to didn't we have if did computers

leave you left job your if would

he beautiful wouldn't isn't wasn't being be

more would there tolerant wouldn't were are

speak spoke speaking couldn't wouldn't we English

27

Exercise 2:

A. Fill in the gaps so as to build correct type 2 conditional sentences.

1. If I __________ (be) you, I ___________ (study) for the final exam.

2. If my parents __________ (be) rich, I __________ (not / need) to work so much.

3. If Sara ___________ (have) a good handwriting, I could understand her texts!

4. If my computer __________ (function) properly, I __________ (use) it more often.

5. You __________ (be) healthier if you __________ (eat) less red meat.

6. If we __________ (eat) more vegetables, our body __________ (be) healthier.

7. If you ________ (tidy) up your bedroom every day, it ________ (not / be) in a mess.

8. I __________ (not / do) the chores myself if I __________ (have) more money.

9. We could stay in Tom’s house, if he ___________ (live) in a big house.

10. There _______ (be) confrontation if the two opposite cheerleaders ______ (appear).

11.

12. If they ________ (know) more vocabulary, they______(be) able to understand more easily.

Exercise 3: Listening activity

You will hear several persons who will answer the following question “What would you do if

you won ten millions dollars?”

Write five answers that you hear.

1. ______________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4: Speaking activity

• In pairs pick one of the unlikely situations and tell your partner what you would do in

that situation using the 2nd conditional.

• Example- win the lottery

• If I won the lottery, I would take all of my friends on a big holiday and then I would buy

myself a big house with a big field so I could have horses.

Clues: buy, retire, quit, job, invest, help, travel, charity, give, pay, go on vacation, bills, bank, drink wine, husband, island,

28

What would you do if you saw an alien?

What would you do if you inherited a great amount of money?

What three wishes would

you make if you had a magic lamp?

If you could be the king of a country,

which country would you choose?

What would you do if you found out that your sister/brother

were a thief?

What would you do if you, unintentionally,

killed someone?

What would you do if you

woke up one day and found out that everything

you have were gone?

What would you do if a friend told everybody

your secret?

What would you do

if you were invisible?

What would you do if you were chosen as a

Christian Dior model?

What would you do if you

had to choose between your love and the richest

man in the world?

What would you do if

you got pregnant when you didn’t want a

baby?

What would you do if you woke up one morning and found

yourself on a deserted island?

What would you do if

you had a magic wand?

Who would you help first

in an accident? Your mother/ your child/ your

husband?

What is the first thing you would do if you

were the GOD?

29

Desarrolla la siguiente actividad con ayuda de tus familiares o vecinos

If I had a Million Dollars Questions

Exercise 1: Please answer the questions

1. If you had a million dollars, what would you do?

A: If I had a million dollars I would buy a/an _____________.

2. If you were a math genius, what would you do?

A: If I were a math genius I would become a/an ____________.

3. If you had an airplane, what would you do?

A: If I had an airplane I would fly to __________.

4. If you were a teacher, what would you do?

A:

5. If you sang like a star, what would you do?

A:

Exercise 2: Interview

Create 5 questions and ask them to your neighbor.

(make sure you write he, she, or my partner.)


30

GUÍA No. 04

”Real and Unreal Events” (2 SEMANAS) “Past Simple Review”

READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT CAREFULLY.

Mrs. White’s grandfather lived with her and her husband. Every morning he went for a walk in

the park and came home at half past twelve for lunch.

One morning a police car stopped outside Mrs. White’s house at twelve o’clock and the policeman

helped Mr. White to get out. One of them said to Mrs. White, “The poor old gentleman lost his

way in the park and telephoned us for help. So a car was sent to bring him home.”

Mrs. White was very surprised, but she thanked the policemen and they left.

“Grandfather, you have been to that park nearly every day for twenty years. How did you lose

your way there?”

The old man smiled, closed one eye and said, “ I didn’t quite lose my way. I just got tired and

I didn’t want to walk home!”

A. All these statements are FALSE. Correct them.

1. Mrs. White’s grandfather lived alone. __________________________________

2. Every afternoon he went for a walk in the park. __________________________

3. He usually returned home for dinner. __________________________________

4. One evening a police car stopped in front of Mrs. White’s house. ___________________

5. Mr. White was informed that her grandfather had been attacked. _____________________

B. Answer the following questions.

1. Who did Mrs. White’s grandfather live with?_________________________________________

2. What did he use to do every morning?_______________________________________________

3. What time did he come back home?____________________________________

4. What happened one morning at twelve o’clock?_______________________________________________

5. What did the old man tell the police when he phoned them?_______________________________

6. Why was Mrs. White surprised?______________________________________________

7. Did the old man lose his way in the park?____________________________________________

8. Why did he phone the police?_____________________________________________________

Relata situaciones y hechos que sucedieron el pasado acerca de temas con los que tiene familiaridad.

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Ask the questions.

1. ___________________________________________? Yes, Mrs. White was married.

2. __________________________________________ ? She thanked the policemen.

3. __________________________________________? No, she didn’t believe in the policemen’s story.

4. _________________? The old man was very clever because he fooled the policeman.

Pasado Simple - (Simple Past Tense)

El Pasado Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones que han sucedido

en un tiempo anterior y que ya han finalizado, por ejemplo:

She cleaned her house. Ella limpió su casa.

I broke the window. Yo rompí la ventana.

Aquí vemos su conjugación que en el español equivale al Pretérito Indefinido. Observa que la

estructura de la oración es similar a la del Presente Simple:

Tanto en la forma interrogativa como en negativa se utiliza como auxiliarDID que es la forma

pasada del verbo "TO DO" y acompaña al verbo principal en su forma infinitiva. En las

negaciones puede utilizarse la forma contraída de DID NOT o sea DIDN'T. En el cuadro

superior se emplea el verbo To Play (Jugar) a modo de ejemplo.

Al expresar una oración en Pasado Simple se entiende que la acción no guarda relación con el

presente, como vemos en los siguientes casos:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I went I didn't go Did I go ?

You went You didn't go Did you go ?

He/She/It went He/She/It didn't go Did he/she/it go ?

We went We didn't go Did we go ?

They went They didn't go Did they go ?

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He lost the keys. Él perdió las llaves.

(Puede que en el presente las haya encontrado).

She lent me a book. Ella me prestó un libro.

(Puede que ya se lo haya devuelto).

También es posible indicar el momento en que se desarrolla la acción para indicar el tiempo

con mayor precisión:

They saw the movie last night. Ellos vieron la película anoche.

We went to London yesterday. Nosotros fuimos a Londres ayer.

Para poder formar una oración en tiempo pasado debemos distinguir dos tipos: VERBOS

REGULARES y VERBOS IRREGULARES.

En el primero de los casos forman su Pasado Simple añadiendo la terminación ED al infinitivo,

mientras que los irregulares reciben ese nombre por no seguir un patrón determinado y en

este caso deben estudiarse individualmente.

Usos del pasado simple

• Acciones pasadas que tuvieron lugar en determinado momento

y que ya han finalizado.

My parents didn't work last week. Mis padres no trabajaron la semana pasada.

Lina worked in a bank from 1995 to 2002. Lina trabajó en un banco desde 1995 a 2002.

• Hechos pasados expresados en secuencia.

Sheila got up at 7 am, had breakfast, took a shower and went to work at 9 am.

Sheila se levantó a las 7, desayunó, se duchó y fue a trabajar a las 9.

Expresiones usuales del pasado simple

yesterday - last night - before - ago - in 2002

on their vacation - last weekend - last month - last year

33

Vocabulary Irregular verbs

Infinitive Simple Past Spanish Infinitive Simple Past Spanish

arise arose surgir make made hacer

be was / were ser mean meant significar

beat beat golpear meet met conocer, encontrar

become became convertirse pay paid pagar

begin began comenzar put put poner

bet/betted bet/betted apostar quit quit/quitted abandonar

bite bit morder read read leer

bleed bled sangrar ride rode montar, ir

blow blew soplar ring rang llamar por teléfono

break broke romper rise rose elevar

bring brought traer run ran correr

build built construir say said decir

buy bought comprar see saw ver

catch caught atrapar sell sold vender

choose chose elegir send sent enviar

come came venir set set fijar

cost cost costar sew sewed coser

creep crept arrastrarse shake shook sacudir

cut cut cortar shine shone brillar

deal dealt dar, repartir shoot shot disparar

do did hacer show showed mostrar

draw drew dibujar shrink shrank/shrunk encoger

dream dreamt/dreamed soñar shut shut cerrar

drink drank beber sing sang cantar

drive drove conducir sink sank hundir

eat ate comer sit sat sentarse

fall fell caer sleep slept dormir

feed fed alimentar slide slid deslizar

feel felt sentir sow sowed sembrar

fight fought pelear speak spoke hablar

find found encontrar spell spelt/spelled deletrear

flee fled huir spend spent gastar

fly flew volar spill spilt/spilled derramar

forget forgot olvidar split split partir

forgive forgave perdonar spoil spoilt/spoiled estropear

forsake forsook abandonar spread spread extenderse

freeze froze congelar stand stood estar de pie

get got tener, obtener steal stole robar

give gave dar sting stung picar

go went ir stink stank/stunk apestar

grind ground moler strike struck golpear

grow grew crecer swear swore jurar

hang hung colgar sweep swept barrer

have had tener swim swam nadar

hear heard oír take took tomar

hide hid esconderse teach taught enseñar

hit hit golpear tear tore romper

hold held tener, mantener tell told decir

hurt hurt herir, doler think thought pensar

keep kept guardar throw threw lanzar

kneel knelt arrodillarse tread trode pisar

know knew saber understand understood entender

lead led encabezar wake woke despertarse

learn learnt/learned aprender wear wore llevar puesto

leave left dejar weave wove tejer

lend lent prestar weep wept llorar

let let dejar win won ganar

lie lay yacer wring wrung retorcer

lose lost perder write wrote escribir

34


A. Tell the story in Simple Past

Saturday in the countryside

On Friday, Nick, Jenny, Charlie and Bill _______ (talk) about a day out together in the country.

The next morning, they _________ (go) to the country and _________ (play) with Dave.

Jenny and Dave _______ (have) kites. At lunch time, Charlie ________ (be) not there. Then,

Bill ________ (come) and _______ (tell) the others that he _______ (do) not find Charlie.

They ________(go) with Bill and ________ (look) for him. Charlie ________ (be) in a hole behind a

wall. Then Nick ________ (go) and ________ (fetch) the basket with some meat sandwiches.

They ________ (need) the string of Ben’s kite for the basket. Jenny _________ (lower) the basket

down into the hole and soon they ________ (pull) Charlie up in the basket.

B. Classify the verbs into regular and irregular

REGULAR IRREGULAR

C. Choose four sentences from the text and change them into negative and interrogative

sentences.

Ex: Charlie and Bill did not talk about a day out together in the country

Did Charlie and Bill talk about a day out together in the country?

35

Class Activity


Exercise 1:

A. Fill in the blanks with the past simple of the verbs in brackets.

Last summer, Peter, his brothers and cousins ___________ (have) very interesting holidays. They

___________ (go) camping in the mountains. They ___________(spend) a wonderful time. They

usually ___________ (wake up) early in the morning with the birds singing and they ___________

(get up) feeling fresh. Before breakfast, they ___________ (go) for a walk.

They sometimes ___________ (go) to the village, where they ___________ (buy) what they needed.

During the day they ___________ (play) cards, they ___________(swim) in the river, they

___________(play) guitar or ___________(listen) to music. They ___________(have) a lot of fun.

B. Are these statements True (T) or false (F)?

Correct the false ones.

1. Paul, his brothers and his cousins had very nice holidays. ____________________________________

2. They went to the seaside. _____________________________________

3. They usually woke up late in the morning. _____________________________________

4. They never went to the village. _____________________________________

5. During the day they went to the cinema. _____________________________________

6. They had a lot of fun. _____________________________________

C. Answer the questions

Where did Paul go last year? ___________________________________

What did they usually do before breakfast? ___________________________________

Where did they buy what they need? ___________________________________

Did they have a lot of fun? ______________________________________________________

Did they pay football during the day? ________________________________________________________

D. Make negative sentences

1. They went camping in the mountains. _________________________________________________________

2. They sometimes went to the village. __________________________________________________________

3. They had a strange adventure. _________________________________________________________________

4. Peter swan in the river. _________________________________________________________________________

36

Exercise 2:

A. Match each sentence with the right picture

1. My mother served dinner at 8.30 pm.

6. I got up and went to the bathroom.

7. I went to bed at 10.30 pm.

8. I had breakfast in the kitchen. I ate

some toast and drank a glass of milk.

9. My mother woke me up at seven.

10. I had a shower.

11. Then I played with my friends.

12. My mother gave me my lunch to

take to school.

13. After school, I did my homework.

14. I got dressed.

15. I prepared my schoolbag before

going to bed.

16. I went to school by bike.

37

B. Now write the text in the right order.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________

C. Answer the following questions about the text. (Follow the example).

1. Who woke me up? Your mother did.

2. What did I do after getting up? ______________________________________________________________

3. Where did I have breakfast? _______________________________________________________________

4. What did I have for breakfast? _______________________________________________________________

5. How did I go to school? ______________________________________________________________

6. What did I do after school? _____________________________________________________________

D. Ask the questions.

1. ________________________________________? I played with my friends after doing my homework.

2. __________________________________________? I had dinner at 8.30 pm.

3. __________________________________________? Yes, I prepared my schoolbag before going to bed.

4. __________________________________________? No, I didn’t go to bed at midnight.

E. Do the crossword

HINT

Caught, Won, Ate, Shone, Spoke

Cost, Flew, Woke, Understood,

Fought, Found, Read, Got, Drank

Broke, Swam, Went, Saw, Bought,

Drove

38

Across

1 The weather was great! The sun ________

all day!

3 I ____ $10,000 in the Jumbo Lottery!

4 I _____ breakfast very early today.

5 My new suit _______ $300.

7 When I was a kid, I often _____ with my

brother.

8 I _______ British Airways to America last

year.

11 Susie _____ up very late last weekend.

12 I ___________ the question.

16 Tom __________ four books last month

17 Andrew _________ in the sea yesterday.

18 I dropped my Walkman, and it ______.

Down

1 I ________ to an American for the first

time.

2 Jill threw the ball, and I __________ it.

3 My mother __________ shopping yesterday.

6 I ____________ some fruit at the

supermarket.

9 James __________ up at 9:00.

10 I __________ ten Pounds in the street.

13 He _________ to work in his new car.

14 I _______ a good movie last weekend.

15 My boss ________ too much at the office

party.

Exercise 3: Speaking Activity

Create a conversation with your group in simple past tense in oder to performance in from of

the classroom. Use the chart below in order to get some ideas.

WHERE / go ? WHO /meet ? WHERE/sleep? WHAT /bring? HOW/

feel?

HOW LONG/stay?

Italy in the car very

good

my friends

some glasses one week

France

at a hotel very

tired

my wife some toys a month

China

outside

amazing

my

neighbour

a nice lamp a few days

39

Exercise 4. Listening Activity

Listening the conversation and answer the following questions.

1. What did he do yesterday? _________________________________________________________________

2. What movie did he see? _________________________________________________________________

3. Was the movie exciting? _________________________________________________________________

4. What did she do? _________________________________________________________________

5. Was the food good? _________________________________________________________________

Write a short text about what you did the last weekend.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________

El profesor revisa mis trabajos, registra mi progreso y me felicita por terminar las actividades del tercer periodo.

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EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA SECUNDARIA - WordPress.com · UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 3: “IF I WERE” LOGRO: Reconoce la diferencia entre eventos reales e irreales y utiliza la estructura lingüística