El Mdico Residente como EducadorDR. MELCHOR SNCHEZ MENDIOLA

SECRETARA DE EDUCACIN MDICAFACULTAD DE MEDICINAUNAM

INVESTIGACIONEDUCACIONPRACTICA CLINICA MISION VISION VALORES

LA PALABRA DOCTOR DERIVA DEL LATIN DOCERE, QUE SIGNIFICA ENSEAR

EL SER MEDICO LITERALMENTE SIGNIFICA SER MAESTRO

No deseo otro epitafioque la afirmacin de que les ense a los estudiantes en los servicios clnicos, ya que considero esto la tarea ms til e importante que se me ha llamado a hacer

William Osler, 1905

El Residente como EducadorLos residentes pasan hasta el 20% de su tiempo en actividades de enseanzaLa mayora no recibe instruccin formal en cmo ensear con efectividadLa instruccin formal los hace mejores y ms satisfechos educadoresGreenberg LW et al. Teaching in the clinical setting: Factors influencing residents perceptions, confidence and behavior. Med Educ 1984; 18:360-5

El Residente como EducadorLos residentes reconocen que tienen responsabilidades educativas

Encuestas demuestran que disfrutan al ensear, y lo consideran un componente crtico de su experiencia y educacinBing-You RG. Medical students perceptions of themselvesand residents as teachers. Med Teach 1992; 14:133-8

El Residente como EducadorEstudiantes de medicina estiman que un tercio de sus conocimientos son atribuibles a enseanza de los residentes

Dos tercios de los residentes reciben ms del 40% de su educacin de otros residentesBrown RS. House staff attitudes towards teaching.J Med Educ 1970; 45:156-9

El Residente como EducadorLos residentes son responsables de hasta el 80% de la educacin de los estudiantes de medicina e internos

Edwards JC et al. Residents Teaching Skills. Springer Series on Medical Education. 2002

El Residente como EducadorEncuesta en EUA: 55% de programas de residencia ofrecen entrenamiento en habilidades de enseanzaACGME y LCME requieren competencias educativas en los residentesEvidencia de que los cursos son efectivos

Morrison EH et al. Residents-as-teachers training in U.S.Residency programs. Acad Med 2001;764:S1-S4

Liaison Committee on Medical EducationResidents who supervise or teach medical students, as well as graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in the biomedical sciences who serve as teachers or teaching assistants, must be familiar with the educational objectives of the course or clerkship and be prepared for their roles in teaching and evaluation.

Functions and Structure of a Medical School.www.lcme.org 2005

ECA de un Programa de Residentes como educadores62 Residentes de la Universidad de California, de 4 especialidades33 Recibieron currculo 13 h por 6 mesesEvaluados con 8 estaciones OSTEGrupo intervencin mejor 28.5% (p

y, mientras salen y se enfrentan al mundo, predigo que, gradual e imperceptiblemente, olvidarn todo lo que alguna vez aprendieron en esta universidad

The Resident-as-Teacher Educational Challenge: A Needs Assessment at UNAMMELCHOR SANCHEZ, ENRIQUE GRAUE, LEOBARDO RUIZPOSTGRADUATE STUDIES DIVISIONU.N.A.M. FACULTY OF MEDICINEMEXICO CITY, MEXICO

MethodsPostgraduate Medical Education CommitteeReview of literature resident-as-teacherNeeds assessment survey for residentsPilot study with 30 residentsPaper anonymous survey was sent to the total resident population ( 7,685 )

Results Return rate of 65.7 % ( 5,053 ) Age 30.4 7.8 years Gender: F = 44.5 % M = 55.5 % Broad and representative sample: 74 Specialty courses 93 Training sites Public and private, all mexican states

* (F(3,5049) = 82.5, p

** (F(1,5052) = 15.9, p

Ranking of time dedicated to other members of the healthcare team1 = More time4 = Less time

ResidentsInternsMedicalstudentsNursesMean1.421.742.052.47Median1223

Mode1234

Role of residents as educators of other members of the healthcare team1 = Strongly agree4 = Strongly disagree

ResidentsInternsMedicalstudentsNursesMean1.3 0.71.4 0.71.5 0.82.1 1.1Median1112

Importance of educational contentTeaching psychomotor skillsDiagnostic reasoningDiagnostic testsEvidence-based medicineHow to give lecturesTeaching during roundsFeedbackEthicsCommunication skillsHistory & PhysicalTime managementBurnout syndromeReflective practiceLearning stylesBedside teachingLeadershipConflict managementAssessment methodsMotivation strategiesLearning theories

Preferred teaching methods

Mean SD MedianModeInteractive lectures with a professor2.06 1.421Small groups work with facilitator2.2 1.322Printed material for self-directed study2.9 1.533Online individual learning 2.9 1.534Online small groups3.5 1.645

Results Learning obtained from residents: 45.5 25.8 %> 70 % (26% of the residents) If the course was online hours/week:6.2 7.9 (Mean SD) Median 4, Mode 2

Conclusions Residents dedicate a substantial amount of time to teaching, which increases as they progress through the program They are aware of the importance of their role as educators of the healthcare team There is a need for formal training in the educational skills of residents

Conclusions They want to learn a variety of subjects related to education, with preference for those clinically oriented They prefer lectures with an expert Almost half of their learning is from residents The Resident-as-teacher educational intervention needs to be tailored to local needs and resources

Se ha dicho que es ms difcil cambiar un currculo que mover un cementerio... Harden RM. Approaches to curriculum planning. Med Educ 1986; 20:458-66

Modificacin parcial al Plan nico de Especializaciones Mdicas (PUEM) 2007Inclusin en el Seminario de Investigacin del PUEM de la Unidad Didctica MBEAmpliacin del Seminario de EducacinInclusin en el Seminario de Atencin Mdica de la Unidad de Profesionalismo Mdicowww.fmposgrado.unam.mx

www.fmposgrado.unam.mx

Dar clic en las sesiones del ao que desee consultar

Formulario de registro, llenar los campos segn sea el caso

Artculo en formato pdfPreguntasde la sesin en formato pdfResponder comentarios de la sesinvercomentarios de la sesin

Artculo en formato pdf

Preguntas de la sesin en formato pdf

Formulario de envo de preguntas

Hafferty FW. The hidden curriculum, ethics teaching, and the structure of medical education. Acad Med 1994; 69:861-71

Divisin de PosgradoFacultad de MedicinaUNAMComit deEducacinde PosgradoReto El Residente como Educador

Evaluacin de necesidadesEncuesta a residentesAMEE 2007

SesinAcad Nal MedLibroLa Educacin en lasResidencias MdicasCambio curricular formal PUEM(Ed Med, MBE, Profesionalismo)Diseo, implementacin y evaluacinde Taller Residente como EducadorSesin bibliogrficade Educacin Mdica(cara-a-cara, en lnea)

El ensear es aprender dos veces

Joseph Joubert

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