Upload
sanitas13
View
91
Download
26
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
HAeKTpOVIKn avcicpAe~1l 1. Eva KUKhWIJQ nou !Joe; eXEI l:'lTTl6ei noAi\.ec; qlope<;. H aVCHpACE;1l yivETOI IJE rpav2;ioTop Kat eivol
0XETlKQ cnAT'] 0lTlV KorOOKCU'l
ll.laK6mll~ unepu6pou cpwT6~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6o OIOKOnTn<; aUlae; EvcpyonolEITQI jJE unepu6po cpWC; (011'\0011 Kat jJE: TTlV 6ep\-IOKpaoia TOU ow·jJoro<;) ETCI 6ev xpet02;E:TOt va ijJOXVETE nOAAcc; <pOPEC; ora OKOTEIVa va ~piOK£TE OloKonTE;C;
nou EIVat Konwc; a~o'\a Tono6cTfll..ltvOl.
HAeKTpOVIKn OTO aUTOKivllTO . . . . 9H IlAEKTPOVIKTl OTO QUTOKIVIlTO EXEI apxioEI OXEOOV va E:nt~a"£TOI TO n:hCUTOIO XPOVtO ria TO
~AAOV TWpa npo~AcnOVTalnahU ncplOOOTCpa nou DE: jJEPIKOUC; eo cpaVOUV Ko6apIl CniOTTlI..IOVIKTl
(j>OVTOota 11 KOroOKEUTl lOUe;. OlJwC; EXSI KOTO IJcyoAo jlCPO<; npaYI-lOTOnOl1l8cL
nAaKtTTa vpaqllHlCiTWV UljJIlAn~ 61aKplTlK6TIlTa~
To ap6po aUTO aOXOAf;iTOt ~e TOV npoypa~.II...10TlOjJO T'le;
5
0ep~lCKn OTa6eponoillOll TOAaVTWTn . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2101 Kpuoro'uIKOl TaAavTwTcc; 000 OKpII3CiaC; Kat av EIVat o)..lo6aIVOUV I.lE TllV eEPI.lOK~OIO. To
KUK)..Wl.la omSeponolel TrW 8epI.lOKpaolO EVOe; "CPOUPVOU» Kat ETOt Kal TOV m)..aVTWTfl·
EutAIKTO cpiATPO VIa pa610epaolTtxve~ (OX) 23Me aUTO TO cpiATpo oVTll.leToni~oul.le anoTe)..e0I.lQTIKO TflV um::pKo)..U4J11 ev6e; aaSf::voue; or)1.l0TOe;
ono eva loxupoTepo
EntKTaOIl v,a TIlV oelpci unoAOVloTWV MSX 29To ouoTlll.lom MSX exouv TO npOTepl1l.la OTt 01 entnpOOSETee; KOTOOKEUE:e; KOt TO npoypal.ll.lOTO
TOUe; I.lnopouv va ouvepyoo80uv I.lE onolov6l1nOTE: unO)..OYIOTOI MSX
HAEKtpOVlKtl
napoAo nou 0' IlAClCTpoV'Kte; aValllAtl;cle; lIE:Tpav1;iOTOp txOUV ncilllc, va anoTcAouv &l;lolnKcicl;apTli aTa c!lw Ka, apKcTci xpov,a, uncipxouv QKo...acKaTo upla aUToKivllTa nou !lcv txouv &1;0 MOTC;...C tva nAtipce; oUOTIl ...a IlAClCTpovlKtie; avcilllAtliIle; IJ.CTpav1;iOTop Ka' Ta nAcovclCTti ...aTa nou TOouvollcuouv. H IlACKTpOV'Kti avcilllAcl;1l nouncplypalllCTa, o' aUTO TO cipllpo ea oae; uTT!1PCTt'lOCIal;,omOTa y,a noAu KalPQ Ka, ea ...cyaAwoc, al;,oAoyaTIlV al;lonoltio'...1l 1;wti TWV omVellPIOTWV oae; lJ,onou1;i).
IJ£OWI:;: I...I&TO TO KAEiOlIJO TWV nAOTlvwv. AUTo Ta CPOIVOIJ&VO npotPXOVTalana rflv Ev60XWPflTlKOTllTO KOI TllvOUTEnoywYTi KOI Sa oulJt3oov KOI oroflAEKTPOVlKO OUoTTWO Eq>600v 6EV 0vTlKoTOora6El a noMan.l.oolOon;t;.
·Orov 01 nAOTivel; £IVOl OVOlXT£t;,Ot; nOUIJE Tflv OTlYIJr; nou ovamuO£TE a omvSr;pot;, TO 6uo ouorr11...10TOOUlJ.nEplcpEpOVTOl IJE TE..\£iWC; 610CPOPETIKO Tpono. MIa TOOfl iOTl IJE TTlvTOO11 KOPUCPr1t; t'SEUTEpeUOVTOt; OKplj3wt; nplV rov omv6Tipo -4 KOI oro6uo 610ypOl..llJ.0ro - EIJCPovi~ETOl oraQKpa TaU npWTeUOVTOt; Kal £~oq>avi
~£Tal OlJ.tOWt; IJOAIt; E~acpovlor£i aomv6ripat;.
Ano TllV OTIYIJTi nou Tl u!+'I1M TOOTlSa qmio£1 TllV Em6uIJflTJi oro6lJTl, TO610KEVO nou unoPXEl OTOV omvar,plon; Viv£TOt OYWYIIJO .K0l 6rll.uoupYr'lrolo onlveJipat;. EnolJtvwt; O1TJV 610PKEto Tr)(; E:VaU011t; (000 6IOPK£i aOntv~pat;) OAOKAflPfl Tl TOO1'1 TaU6£UTEPEUOVTOt; £1J.q>aVi~ETOI novwOTa I1A£KTpOOlO TOU omv6r}plcrrri. LTO
S'1PIOn; TIlV E:KPTl~'1 TOU OUI..lnl&OI.lEvou lJ.iylJ.OTOt; OEpa KOl OTI..lWV I3Ev~i
VTlt;, nou j3piOKETOl IJ.EOO OTOV KUAlV6po. 0 610VOIJE:0t; E~OQ(paAi~El on flUlVflAr; TOOTl OOflYElTOI OE tvov KUAlV6po KOSE cpopa. 0 610VOIJE:Ot; KlvEirOl ana T'lV IJ.flXOVr; IJE TflV IJ.lorlTOXUTflTO nEplorpOcpnt; TIlt;.
LTllv TlAeKTpOVlKr; ovocpAe~fl TIlVAElroupyio TWV nAOTlVWV OVOAOIJ.j36VEL tva Tpav~ioTOP nou AelTOUPYEiOOV 610KOnTllt;. 01 nAOTivEI:;: onAO61EYEipouv TO Tpov~ioTOp. E~OITiot;
TaU e~OlpeTlKO IJEIWl..ltVOU PEUIJOTCX;nou 610ptEI TIt; nAOTivEt;, OUTE:t; JJtVOUV nMov K09aptt;.
To 610ypaIJIJa XPOVlOI..lOU nou unapXEI oro oxTilJo 2 6EiXVEl Tit; 610q)Opt<;; OVQIJEOO OTOUt;: naAl..lout;: tvouOfl(; nou nopayouv TO 000 auO11'lIJOTo. TrW orry~ nau at nAoTiv&t;oro OUI..ll3OTlKO OUorTU.lO Eival 1(..\&1OTtt; nEpvoEI PEU~ IJ.£OO ana TOnpWTEuav TUAlYIJO. npoot~TE TllV 0nOTOIJ.'1 OVOOO Kal TflV TaAOVTWOTlnou EI..lq>avi~ETOl OTO 6EUTEPEUOV 0-
M,a oUyKP'OIlLTO OXr11..l0 1 UnOPX&1 tva oulJ.l3oTl
KO OUOT'1IJ.O OVOCPA&~'1t; I.lE nflvio E:TOlonwc; OKPll3wl; AEITOUPYEi OTIt; n&pIOOOTE:P&t; l3&v~lval..ll"\xovE:t;. 01 nA011VEt; ovolyoK..\£ivouv ana TOUt; KuW60K&t; TaU O~OVO TaU 610V0I..lE:O.. 0Tav ovoiyouv 61OKomnOl TO P&U~
nou n&pVO&1 I..lE:OO onom npWT&UOVTUAIYI..lO TOU nOAonAooloOl'Ti, npoy~
nou npoKOAEi TllV 6fll.llOUPyio IJ.IOt;U!+''1Ar1t; TOOflt; OTa OKpa TOU 6EUTE:P&UOVTOl; TUAiYI..lOTOt;. AUTr; '1 TOOTlEivOl OpKETO ulV'1M (10 E:we; 15KV)WoTE vo npOKOAE:O&1 IJ.E:OW TaU omVr
. Eva nAr;pEI:;: OUOTllIJ.O I1AEKTPOVlKTiI:;: OVOCPAE~I"\t; EXEI no..\..\o nAEovEKTTHJOTO OE OXEO'1 IJ.E TO OUIJ.130TlKo.rIO nopa6ECVI..l0:
• EnlTpEnEI 0TllV IJ.'1Xovti va nopEIEUKOAO IJ.npaoro, OOXETO IJE TO OVEivol KPUO, I3pEjJtVTI r; ~Earr;, unoTI"\V npoUn06EOll CPUOlKO vo &ivol '1I..lnorapio oat; oc KOAr; KOTOOTOOfJ.
• E~OCXPOAi~&1 OTt '1 I..lI"\XOvr; oat; anaTllV OTlYI..lr; nou eo. nopEI I..lnpOOTo eo.OUV&XiO&1 vo 6aUA&U&1 0OXETO ov &ival KPUO KOI I..l0UOK&I..lEVTl.
• E~Ooq>OAi~EI on fl &VE:PY&IO TaUOOlv6ripa 60 &iVOl OTOSEPr1, OV&~OP
TflTO ana TIt; OTPO<pE:t; TOU KlVfln;po.
• M&IWV&1 orUJOVTlKO T'1V EnlKOSflOTlOISOAflt; oro flAEKTp0610 TOU OOlVar,pIOn;, npayl..l0 nou EntTpE:n&1 OpalOTEpaut; K09aPlOI.lOUt; KOl OVTlKOTOOTOO£II:;: TOUt;.
1a
o
r-_cz:12V
85128·'.
1b
12V+
15
--lIII
I IL ---l
85128-1b
IXIi-...a 1. IU/J6anKoKUK.A.CU/JO avntp).eq,c;IJC n'lvio, VIa 6e~I'
VOIJ'Ixavcc;.
2
i
I--AI B2-- f--.
i I,,5
3-- ..!. l\~100'1. .... ·so
1
I
!I
- a-r-b-----J c
III
I T
I I 6>---
~. r7so
,
,4
~
~~ /100'1. \T rso 0
1II
I2--
I,
II
I
\ ~(\ II100'1. 50 0
"'II'
IxrjlJO 2. .1loypawj.Jora xpov/ojJou Viaavciq>Ae~n J,Jc nrJv;o(aplorcpd) KQI 'lAeKTPOVII(7) avdrpAe~'1
(6.~"i).
1 .. 0. n,l,(lflvv; (lYOIVOlN
2 .. Teall 61l~loUPYI01;
onlVElr)po3 .. TOCll1 tYCIuorp;;.... ToOl') I(OpuqlT'1.; Of:UTC
Pf;IJOYTOI;
5 .. IToe~l'l T0orK: &"'00-
"'"6 .. 0. n~T1Y&C; KAewOlN
A .. )(poyllfl'l ntpt06o(; 0
VCMCTWY rV.oflV/oN
8 • XPOVII(I'l nUlIolloc;KAaotlolY "1<OlIVIoIV
... Xpov«l'I lllClpK&1O Onl''''
"'pob .. )(poVIU'l ncPlOOOc; 0-
VO«TWY No' ...."'"c .. XpovncTl ncpo6oc;ttAttoTWY MClflVWY
1 .. H XpoYlKr') nt:PlOOOC:omvElrUllOl.IOU (IPX~&I
TO Tpoy~.arop OflOl(OnTC
'co2 .. Tool') OOlveTJPIOj.JOU
TOOl'! (£vcp3 .. To Tpavl;laTOP YIV£fO,
oYWVIj.lO.... ToCJl'l IU)puq)l1l; 6cuTI:-
""<On«8512&.2
3
oo
••06 ~
z
w
07, ,.010.200 vII W
85128·3
05 ~z
M
12 ... ,. v++
C, D<
" •I" IN4001
'"
n, T3= 80437T2, T4=BUX80
N1 N3" ~ICl '" 4093N4 N9 = IC2 .. 4069MMVl ... MMV2" IC3 = 4538
,"•
"' Q' 14 RC
MMV1 MMV2
" • 12. TR
"C,
470n
AS !
v
r- --1I I,fOO I"w ,, ,L.. ...J
IXr)J,lQ 3. To '1).£
KTPOVIKO KUK}.W/JO
TOU OUarrll..lQroc; a·var,oA&~'7C;.
flACKTPOVIKO OUOTl1JJo npoe; TTlvnACUpO TaU npwreUOVTOC; Oev uncip
XCI '1 anOrOlJ1l QVOOOC; olm:: 11 raM·VTWOTl nou UnaPX£1 oro OUIJf3aTlKOaUOTTlI..lo. H £vtPY£K1 OTO OtUT£
peuev TlJAIVIJO Jj£IWVE:TQt IJtXPt nouOE:V eivQl n"tov l5uvan; 11 Olan;PI1OT1TaU OOlv9r'HXl nou QlJtowc; !J£TO £.
~Q(pavi~£Tal.
nCpIVPOql!i TOU KUtU.WIAOTO<;;
01 nOAlJoi TOOTle; nou oru..uoupyouVTQI ano TIC; ",)..orivet; OIQIJ0pqlWVO·
VTQI Koro,\).nAQ ano TrW nUAn OKavl5oAlol..lOU Tunou Sckmitt Nl KQI OTT)vOUVExeta rpexpo60TQUV TOV lJovo(50·
VT]Ti) MMVl (~MnE axi)~a 3). AUTi) ~
lJova&1 eivoi OXCOIQOIJEVn ErOI nouonw t~oo6 me; Q, QKioo 6, va c5iV£tnaAIJOUC; IJ£ OIOPK£tQ yupw ora 1,8msec OOT] n £0l6UlJnn; OIOPK£Kl TOU
omver,pa.orE: lJia TETPOKUAlV6PTl TeTpQXPoVTl
l3e:v~tvoIJTlxovri 0 KoSe KUAlVOpe<;nupoOoTe:ITOl oe KOSe: Oe:ure:PTl nepl·OTpoq:n) TIle; IJTlXovr'le;. EnelOri Ol TtO·
Oe:ple; KUAlVOPOl nptne:l VO nupoOoTOUVTOI oe KOVOVlKO Ol00n1IJOTO lJe·Ta~u TOUe;, oe: KoSe neplarpo<pr'} Tne;IJTlxavr'}e; anOITOUVTal ODo omvSripee;.AUTo OTllJoiV£t on VIa IJla TaXUTTlTOnEplOTpo<pi)~ T~~ ~~xavi)~ 6000oTp/Ae:mo, TO XPOVlKO 61aarr'}lJaTOnou IJe:OOAaj3ouv lJeTO~U TWV OTlIVSt'lpWV elVOI 5msec. A<pciu 0 omySripae;OlapKe:1 1,8msec, TO nrWio txel cmwOloSeOli TOU 3,2 msec, Via va ~ava-
anOSTlKe:uoel 10XU. <t>UOIKO Via xalJTlAWTepee; TOXUTTlTe:e; ne:plarp0<Pr'le; 0XPOVOC; aUTOe; eivat lJ-evaAUTepOe;.
KcSe <popa nou OIe:yeipe:TOt 0 IJOVooovnn1e; MMVl ana TT'lv e:iooooTOU TR oKi6a 4, e:IJ-QXlvi~e:1 CTTTlv t~o
00 TOU Q tvav nOAlJo. AUToe; a ncA·IJOe; o6TlVe:iTOI IJ-tow TWV nUAwvOKOVi5oAlOIJOU Tunou Schmitt N3 KOIN2, OTOUe; nopoAATlAa ouvi5eolJoAoVTllJtvoue; avoarpo<pe:ie; N4 twe; KOlN9 01 onoiOl OOTlVOUV TTlV j3oSlJi6a10XUe<;.
no vo uncpxe1 OO<pCAe:lO 01 j3oSlJii5e:e; e~ooou T1-T2 Kal T3-T4 e:iVOIi51nAte; KOI tnelTO ouvi5e:OIJOAOVOUVTOI nap6AATlAo. 01 i5iOOOI 05 KOI D6KOI Ot ~tvep 07 twe; KOl 010 npoOTOTe:UOUV ne; j3aSlJii5ee; IOXUe<; anDopVTlT1KOUe; nOAIJOUe; KOt une:pTOO£Ie;.
o 1J0voi5oVTlTr'}e; MMV2 i5lE:veipeTolana TOUe; nOAIJOUe; e~o6ou TOU IJOvoi5ovTln1 MMV1 Kal Via KoSe naAIJOnou i5txeTal nap<ivel onw t~ooo TaUQ, aKii5a 10, tvav naAIJO i51cpKelae;0,5sec. H 61cpK£la OUTOU TaU naA-
4
~ou KaeOpi~£TQI ono TllV oro6tPQxpol/au TOU c5uKTlw~aToc;; R)-C3. 0naA~6<; QUTO<; £~aOQ)a1l.i~£1 OTt 11 nu·~n N2 eo napa~V£1 avolxn'l WaTt vaOCX&TOt roue; noAlJouC; eAevxou. 0lav arOIJOTO£1 n ~Ilxavti 01 nAoTlvec;crojJoroUv va napayouv naAlJouc;O,&ytpOTlC; Kat n oOAr! anOKonTCTOt
!JeTo ano O,Ssec. AUTO ~ocpaAt~£1
on 6£v npOK&ITOI va Koci TO npc.rn:uov TOU noAAanAaolOOTTl OTaY nIJl1xaVn ciVOt ot3nOlTl, aUa TO KUKAWIJQ eivat uno rOOIl. r' cum TrW
KaTOarOOIl, 01 napOAAnAa ouv6cojJoAOvrllJtv£C; aVTlOTOOCtC; Rl KOt R2n£plopi~ouv TO PCUIJQ nau ncpvO£1IJEOC on6 Til; nAaTivcc; aTa 250mAnepinou. anorptnovroc; £TOt TllV KO
TOOTpoq:lfl TOUe;.
KQTQOK£Ur;H KQTQOKCUn Oev napoUOIO~£1 KO
V£VQ npoPM11JO KQJ jJTlOjX:IT£ va TllV
ICOV£T£ noyw O1TIY nAoK£na nau
cpalV£rot oro oxnlJO 4Ot QVTIOTOO£IC; R12 Kat R13 01 0-
II
noite; anOTtAouv Q>Opno QuMtKTr)Yla TQ Tpav~iOTOP T3 Kat T1 aYriOTOlxa. ~£OTaivoVTOI OPK£TO KOI VlaUTO TOV 'Aovo nptn£l vo ar£p£wBouv 1..1£ KonOIO laxUPTl KO'AO Tl 1..1£KOI..II..IOTIO o'AoulJl,viou (OE 0XTll..la n)OTO EQWTEptKO IJEPO<; TOU IJETO'A'AIKOU KOUTIOU OTO onoio eo ~A£TE
TTlV CUVOPI..IOAOVTlI..IE\ITl n'AOKETTI1.
H uno'Aomn KOTOOKEuTi nptnEI vaVlVEI OE YEVIKE<; VPl?l..Il..It<; OUIJCPWVO1..1£ TTlV KaTOOKEur; nau UnaPXEI arooxrHJa 5 Av OEV I3pEiTE KouTi onoxuro a'AOU~VIO nptnEI vo Tono6ETTiO£TE TO TpaV~IOTOP 10XUO<; navw OEKOTO'AAI1Aou<; 8EPI..I00OOVwyoU<;.¢>poVTioTE vo ~EXOOCTE T1<; T0tYKOU'VIE<; OTOV 8Ao 136~ETE ypOOOO C1'AlKOvJl(; (n onoia cppovTiaTE vo Eivai E~Ql·P£TIKTi<; nOIOTTlTOC:;).
nplV Ton08ErTio£TE mv 6).Tl KOTOOK£ur; aro ouroKivTlTO 00<; EAtY~TE
mv I..I£PlK£<; cpop£e; 1..1£ Eva WI..IOIJE·TpO, WOT£ va £iOlE ono'Auro OiyOUPOlOTI OEV unoPXouv I3paxuKuKJ,.wIJOTO.
Onw<; cpoiv£TOt KOI OlO axTilJo 50TT1 IJIO nA£upO TOU KOUTloU nptn£lva Ton08£mBouv TtOOCPI<; 1J0VWl..ltVal OPOCVlKOi OKpoOtKT£<; Tunou ouTOKiVI1TOU, n6vw OTOU<; onoibu<; 80T£PIJOTlOTOUV 1..1£ 0 UTOO</Xl'Al~6I..1EVOU<;
8uAI1KouC; OKPOO&KTE<; TO KO'AWOlQ IJETO onoio 80 Vivouv 01 OKicpop£<; ouv·O£OCt<;. AUTOUC; TOUe; OPO£VlKOU<; KQl8U'ATlKOUC; QKpaOtKT£c; eo TOU<; I3peiT£ OTO nEploooTEPO KQTOOTTiIJOTOnou nouAouv TlM:KTPtKQ £iOn QUTOKt-
Ixt7~a 4. H n).pK&TTO VIO TO otiOTJ')~a
me: /1Af:K1POVLKrjc; avO'PAe~~~.
KaTOAoVoc; u1.tKwv
AVTlOTOexlf;
R1 R2 s l00Q/5WFe s 6800A4 _ 47K
AS - 56KA6 s 1M
R7, Fe - 2200FB '" lQ/5WRlO, Rll - 8,20R12. R13 '" 47Q/5W
nUICVWT£e;
C1 _ ·lQn
C2 '"' 33nC3 _ 470n
C4 '"' 2201J/16V flU
ICTpoAUTlCO<;
C5 s 220W25 V flU
KTpo).UTlcoc;:
C6 - 4,7n, 630V (OXIflM;KTpOAuTlKoc;l
C7 '" lOOn
H(JIOVWVOl
01, 02, D4 0111N400103 '"' LED IC()t(KlVO
OS, a) '" 1N540607 01 Q .. Zev£p
200Vl1 Wn, T3 - Bo 437T2, 14 ,., BUX 80IC1 - 4093IC2 '"' 4069IC3 ,., 4538
"'"",po41uKTpo VIO Ouo Tpov~r
OTOP ~ K£Auq,,:X; TO.3, fl anOIa MV XIXla{£
Tal av ~IT£ XUTO KOV
TI aAOU(JIVIOU (lOWe;
Bp€fT£ ex KOTOOTfllJOTO
BiO(JflXOVIKWV I'\A&ICTPO
AoyIKWV £llX,)V, Via 010IConT£e; IQXUOe; nou TO
no8£TOlNTOI at: £~WT£
PICOU<; xwpoUC;1
MOVOTIKO VlO TO
TpOV{lOTOp IOxUOe;
(npOTl(JflOT£ TO T £epAov
fl OV Bp£lT£ TO K£PO(JI""
'0)noAudwvo £UKOIJ
mo KOAwOlO 1.1£ IOXUPI'l
IJOvWOfl OIOTOlJfle;
2.5mm' (TO {flTOTC 2,5-KOp€:- OTO f]A£KTpo
AOVtKO OUTOICIVT'lTWV ICOI
TO BIOlJflXOVlKO flAc
KTpOAOVIICOI
4 Opo&VIICOUC; OKpo
MICT€:'; TUnoU OUT()l(I
VflTOu ICOI Tl'; €:161KCC;
EtnK£'; 1.1£00 11'; OOOl.C';
Too08£TOUvrOI KOI OT£
pcwvOvTal 1.1£ BLOC';
3mm Kal IJOVOTIICO &£
Acuocli>C; oav aUTO nou
XPflOlIJOOOtOUIJ£ VIO TIC;
BIO€:.; OTCpCWOrjC; TWV
TpoV{IOTOp IOXUCX;. Ka
ewe; (:nLOflC; KOI nO~1J6
Ola aUToocpaAl~OIJ€:va.
0UAflICOUC; aUTOoepOAI
~61J€:vau.; aICpoOCKT£C;
ICal Ttc; CllilK£C; IJOVOT..
K£'; ICaAunTpc,; nou
-85128-5I
=----- -
5
XPI101lJ,onOlOUVTOI IJC
QUTOUl;. (KptTli(T€: npo.OCKTIKO TlW ACnTOlJ,t·
pao OTO oXTi~ 5).
XUTO KOOTi aAoulJ!vi·
OU OI(]OTOotwv 120 x95 x 30mm. Av licv
ppr;jre KOTl TtTOIO XPI1
OllJ,onOIl:iOTC tvo on6
Acmo q)uAo OAOUIJ,IVI
oumtllKtTO 85128
ImIJa 5. \ Mia omIJOTlKn nopaOTOO'1
T71t I(OTQCJK£Unt 1(0/
£VKoTaOTOO'1t O£
Kouri TOU oucm'1J1aTO(' T71t '1M:KTPOvt
Kljc; avQq>I.£{~~.
------==-------------:~;;;;;;--;;;;;;::;;::==_----------- vnrwv (I') ora KorOOT1'UJClTO pK>~TlxaVI~. ., KWV I1'A&KTpoAOYIKWv £lOOV}. <l>povri-
_ ? F! aTE: va ayop60E:T£ Kat nc; KoroMnAt'; ~OVWTlKtc; KoAumpec; nou umipXOUY VIOUT<i TO IWOIJOTO (r; av OCy
fiiij 13piOK&TQI rErOtCr; cpTICitT£ 1.1& IJQKOpOYI 8epIJOOUOTCAOjJ&vo nau ncuAIi:TOI 1..1& TO IJtTPO ano TO iiOlO KOTOoTil
1.1010).To Kouri "pentl va ron06cT11gei
Konou aroy xwpo 111<; IJl1XoVJiC; 0&I-if:POC; 600 TO 6uvQrQv KO).UTepanpOOTOTEUIJ&VO an6 V£pa. ncivnllC;av VOlJi(£T& on 6tv unapX£t IKOVO
nOU)TlKO Ol'HJcio npoona6l"jOT& vaan:yavonoITiOCT£ cAa TO OI'llJ&ta anoTO onoia IJnopEi va nOpe I TO Kouri
vepa, 1..1& O~IK6VY1 ana aUlliv nauXPIlOlIJOnOIOUIJE VIO TO &VOOj)£C).
KavovlKo O£v XP£16~&TQI va aAAo~£TE TOV XPOVIOIJO TTl, av6:cpAE~'1C;.
Auroe; 0 XPOVIOIJOc; IJnopei va c'A&yxllci npO)(£1PO ~ TTlv 1lo~8£la TTl~
OI~OU 03, I'l onoia npentl va eivQIava~Vll Via 000 Xpovo civat KAEtOTtC; 01 nAcniv&e;. Av naVTWC; UnaPX&1OI101oc5JinOT& o~q)lJ3oMo, 0 XPOYIOIJ6e;nptn&l VO &A&YX6&i ~& oTPOl3ooKomo&VW '1 ~'lXOVn eo n&pIOTptCP&TOI 1..1&OTo6&P!i TOXUT'lTO.
I& I..I&PIKO OUTOKivnTO ex O&IpQ. ~&
TO npWTEUov TU,)..tV~O TOU no.uon,)..oolOoTn UnaPX& t OuvO&O~O,)..OV'll..ltV'l
~ia avriOTOOTl· Auni '1 avriaroOTl, '1onoio J3paXUKUMWV&TOI 1..I0,)..1e; nO&1~nPOOTa '1 I..I'lXOVn, O&V nptn&l van&lpOXT&i. EKTOe; ana TTlv OuvO&0'lOTOV oKpo6tKT11 1 TOU no}J.on,)..ooloOTJi Kat &K&ivn TWV nAOTlVWV, o,)..&e; 01o.,)..,)..&e; ouvOtO&Ie; TOU OUTOKIVJiTOUnapalJtvouv we; txouv. Av TO oUTOKivl1TO tX&1 OTPOCPO~&TPO, 11 oUve5&crriTOU navw OlOV OKPOOCKTTl 1 TOU no,)..Aon,)..oOKlOn; nptn&1 va &~OKOAOU6Ti
OCt va unipxeLria Ta Tt~a<; a'l'riaa~& ~ia npa£l
oonoinOT1: .OTav n ~nxavri OauAcuel, IJTlv avyit;eTe Via KQVtVQVanoAuTwe; AOyO Kat KaTW ano onOI£oorinaT£ auve.;K£~ Tau~ aKpootKT£~ ri Ta £~apni~aTa TT1~ avli'l'~£
~n~· H UljJnl.ri Tlian nau unliPX£1DE Otcicpopa OTlIJEia ~nopci va aae;OKOTOOEI.
II
L\taK01ttl1<; U1tEpUOpOU cprotO<;Onoloolilinon: npoono8Tlo£ KOnOIQ !pOpa VQ QVO\lJ£1 TO !pWC; IInQiVOVTQC; O£ KOnOIOOKOT£IV6 XWPO. £VW £iX£ OTQ XtPIQ TOU IIIQ QYKQAIO npOYIIQTQ 8Q £KTllllio£1 QUT6VTOV llIQK6nTTl. 0 onoioc; A£ITOUpy£i QUT611QTQ Qn6 TllV OTIYllli nou 8Q IlI£y£p8£i Qn6TT1V 8£PIl6TllTQ TOU OWIIQT6C; OQC;.
1
H ,lico nau UnciPXCI maw ana ourov TOV OIQK0nTTl nau Ol&vcipeTOI ana untpuepr'l aVTlvo~oAiQ ciVQt C~QI
P£TlKO anNi. H e&p~6Tl')Ta TOU ow~a
10<;, !1 anoia KO'\"""1&1 TO 11""&KTpo~a
VVI')T1KO qxio~a IJETa~U q>wTO<; Kal poOlOouxvorr'}rwv IJE ~.niKoc; KLJIJQTOC;
0.74 £Wl; 300lJm. aVlXv£u£TOI anatYnv &uoioerrro QXlKO Fresnel. AUTO«;a QXlKCX; ncu £X£t OTJ1V tona TaUtvov OtnA6 /5tOq>OPIKO nupoeuaio9flToaVIXvcun;, 6ev £mp£a~&Tal Ko66Aouana o'\'AeC; I1A£KTPIKtc; QKTlY0I30AieC;.
11 neploxri nau I<MUnT&TOI ana TOV
l510K0TTTT1, unoolQtpcirOI Ot tVQV apt9IJo ~wvwv, &rol onc..>c; OCixV£TOt nopaaranKo aro OXfllJQ 1..Orav KIV£iTOt KonolOC; ana TT)v lJia ~wVl'l OTTlVaM.", CIJQXlViz;:CTQI jJia IJET0130Ni OTr)V&PIJOKpaoia, ., anota Aol43ciV£TQt an6 TOY <pOKO oav 61O.<poponoil1or) TTl<;
IXr1#Ja 1. H 61oipe0'lTOO X6Jpou Ole ~wv£~
anD tvav qxJKD Fresnel rj anD tvav ;6OKOTaOKtUOOTO cpaKO.
IXI'UJO 2. TunlKO 61aYPilIJIJO KciAul,JII1e:TOU xWi:>ou KOTa TOVa~ovo X-X tvoe: OVlXvtUn; 6tnAou OTOIXtiou ninou RPY97.
XpI')OIJ,lonOO;OOuJ,l£ TOV KOVOVIKO 010KonTT) r; tvov np6a6eTo OIOKOmn onoff OUvOcoJ,loAoyrwtvo nap6MT)Aa J,l£
Tl')V 02. AUTO<; ° TeAeuToioe; OIOKOnrT)<; npencl va J,lnopEi va OVTtX£1ara 220V. H TcA£uToio AUOI1 EiVQl I')npOTII.IOT£PI'), £IOIKO OT11V ncpinrtool)nou a untpu6poe; OIOKOrrrne; npOK£ITOI va oVTIKaraart'locl TOV OKlKOrTTT)nou r;0r) EivOI Ton06£TI')JJ£vo<; OTOKOUTi TaU Toixou.
Mia npa06cTIl A£IToupyia eivol aOUTOI.IOTe<;; OloKOnrT)<; qlwTelvoTr)TOe:° onoie<;; oyvaEi TO orilJOTO TaU OVlxv£un; CqlOOOV unOPxcl arav xwpaapK£TO qlW<;.
n£pIYPQ!Pli TOU KUKAWIIQToc;To or)lJOTO nou napciY£1 a OVIXVEU
Tr')e; £ivol TOoO J,llKpQ nou nperretnpwTo va TO £VtaxUOOUJ,lC. AUTO yiVCTOI ano TOUe: TcAcarlKOUe; CVICXUTte; AlKOl A2 01 anoiol J,lo~i 1JOe:Oivouv J,lio Evioxuol') 47dB. MnpOOToana Tl')V Eioooo TaU CVIOXUTr') unopXCI tva qliATpo RC TO anoia aqlolpcioAce; TIe; ouvlarWorEe; XOI.IIlAr;e; OUXVOTl')TO<;. EmnAtov, a AloE OUVEpyooia I.IE TIlv A2, AEITOUPYOUv oov£Vcpyo qliATPO OltAEuone; ~wvr)e: J,l£
Cupoe; ono 1,5MHz EWe; 15MHz.o TcAcoTlKOe; CVtOxuTr')e: A3 Acl
Taupyci oov OUYKpln;e:. H won avaqlopO<; OOI')YCiTOt OTr)V 1.Ir) avoOTptqlOUoo £iooOo TaU, OKOO 10, J,ltow
TOU OIOIpl:TI') R3-94. AJ,ltot.><; l.IoAie;TO OUVaJ,lIKO TTl<; ovaOTptqlOUooe; CIo600u TaU vivCI I.IIKpOT£PO ano Tl')VWOl1 ovacpopoe;, a T£AcOTIKOe; IJ£TOVCl Tl1V £~ooo TaU, OKiOo 8, OE U4Jr)Ar; AOVtKr; OTo61.1r) KOI <popTi~ETOt vpr;yopa a nUKvwTr;e; C6. ITTlv ouVtX£IO~T6VCTOI a T£A£arIKO<; A4 OOOTE TOT2 ooIW£iTOI O111v 0VWYII.I0TI1TO. 0nUKVWn;e; C6, Kat OTOV TO OUVOI.IIKOTTle: OVOOTp£<pouoae; EloOOOU TaU A4y:VCI U4Jr)AOTEPO ana lTlV TOon OVOqlopoe:, a OuyKplrr)e; ~OVOI.IET6YEI TTl"t~oOo TaU Kat TO T2 onOKOm£TOI.
o XPOVoc; VIa TOV anoia nopal.l£v£1OVOl.ltvo TO qlWe; C~OPT('.tTOl ana Tl)V
ar06tpci XpOvou TOU OUKTUWI.IOTOe;Rl-R1Q-CS.
. Orov onOKom£TOI TO T2 a OKPOOtKTT)e; TaU Cl0 -onoouvot£TOl» KQlOEV OUl.Il3aiVEt nAtov rinoTa cnclOr; I')nuAr) TaU triac O&.v O£XCTOI OPK£TOPCUJ,lO VIC va TO OIEVEipEI. Ano lTlvOTtVI.lr; 0I.lWe; nou TO T2 OIEycipETOI,a aKpOO£KTl1e; TaU Cl0 YElWVCTOI KOIa nUKvwTr;e; apxiq;1 va qlOpTi~ETOI.
METa ana cAaXIOTo XpOvo I') T6011
I1A&KTPOlJaVVl'lTI~ EVtpyElO<;. 0 0VIXVEUTr')<; avnOpci o' oun; TT)V ~TO
aoAr; napOYOVTo<; tva I.IIKPO I')AEKTpIKO oriJ,lo. AUTO TO oriJ,lO TO EnE~Epy6
~ETOI TO KUKAwl.IO KOI TO XPl')olJ,lonolciylCl va EVEpyonolr;OEI TOV OfQKOnrT)qlWTlOlJQu.
AVTi V\O TOV <poKO Fresnel EivalEnione; OUVOTOV va XPI')OIJ,lOnOll;Oou~ tvav onAo 1010KOTooKcuoaro <poKO. nCplOoOTCPO yupw ono OUTO 60OVOqltPOUJ,lE OT11V EVOTT)TO -KOTOOK£Un»·
To KUKAwJ,lo J,lnopei va e'\£V~E:1 11.6J,lnee; J,l£ OUVOAIKr; 10XU twe; KOI150W. Av61.oyo ~£ TnV pue~lon TWVnOTEVOIOl.ltTpwV I') A6J,lnEe; lJrlop£i vanopa~ivouvOVOl.ltv£<; ylO OlOcrnilJO.TO nou nOlloAoov ana 5 sec tw<; 7AenT6. Av civol onapaiTT)TO va napaI.IEiV£1 TO qlwe; aval.ltvo, nptnEI va
=L.LL.LJ...J...L1...I..JL.LL.LJ...J...L1..1J ,0-o 50 100
""tw. -.iti'l'hy '%1
o
50,0" "-'-'-'...L.O--WL.LL.LL.LJ...J..J...i.=
100
2
lN4148
.,
>D•>OOV
--,
.,,,--
BV'+
4r" 11MV
UB+
..lN4148
"V---A, .100"H
>A
.,"
,~._v
..
,.
Al ... A4-IC1-lM324
BV'
A1 G
A2
TIC 2060
C B E
TlLS'BP 103
"ro,J:V
Cl Tlnl,
C2 1'15
'"
IR1-RPY97, ~1a1CIOk
IRl '" lHI954. 1'11.22 k
II
"'
RPY97lH1954
IR'
-::
3
KorciAoVOC; ubtWY
.rxli~a 3. To nAeKrpovlKo KUKAw~o
roo 61oKonm unepu9pwv.
.rxrj~o 4. H nAOKtrro VIO rov 6loK6mnunr;pu6p<JJv,
AVTIOTOO£lc;
Rl '" lOOKR2 .. 68«RJ, Rl0. Rll • lOOKR4 • 27K
RS, R7 .. 10KR6, R8 • 2M2
R9 "" 56CkR12 • 31<3R13 .. 5K6
Pl • 10M nOTcvOlO~C
Tpo KOTool3l6lOU VlOon;Pt~Il or.: op~6vno
atonP2 • 250K norcvOIo~c
TpO KOToo131OIou VIOcm;PI~Il or.: KaeCTTl etan,
nlJl(Vc.lTtc;Cl "" 10wlOV TOVTO
AiouC2, C4. C6 • 10W10VTOvraAiouC3. C5 • 4n7 KCpal-lf:1,6<;C7, C8 • lOOn aro
400V 15mm ~liTpac;
(I3Atnc axli~o 4)C9 • 47W16VCl0 • 10n oro l00V
H"UOYc.JVOl01, 02, 04 '" lN4148OJ = ~tvcp 15V1400mW
OS • ~.""p BV2J 4400mWD6 = ER900., BR 1<»3 (vrOIOK)T1 '"' Tl081 Ii 8Rl03T2 aBC546Tnl .. nC2060ICl .. lM 324
&Qff)OPCI
II "" arPCIYYaAlOTlKOf1llVio 40 twe; 1OO~
am 'AIRl • RPY374laK6c; Fresnel runouMSFl24YncpUapontPQTO qMATpc Via KciAujJo -nopa9Upou.. OIOOTaOCc.lV
100 )( l00m.m.Fl _ aocpciAclO jJlKPOU
IJf:vteouc; lA AOcpcW:lo6r'tKl1 VIO TIlVOcxpO)"eIO ~IKPOU jJcvt·SoUl; VIO ronoetrnollnavc.I ac n},oK£TQ,
nAaKtTo 86006 6lol,lt·ronl) 63m m.
.rxn~a 6. H KL4JQTO~opq>rj 171t;' Tda'lt;'nau naipvou~& ndvwOTO TpO.¥JK.
.rxrj~o 5. nt;piou t·TOI nptnci va ~Ofd
~£l tvot;' ,6IOKaraoKcUaarot;' tpOKOt;'.
I
. OTOV OX£016~&T& TTlV CVKOTOOTOan 8u~Tl8&iTC OTi a OVIXV&Un)e; tX&1TTlv IJtVtorll EUOI09r]oio TaU OC KlVli0&1e; nou yivovrOI nopciAAnAa ~. ouTOV KOI ~IKpaT&PT1 OTOV 01 KlVT'1ocle;Vivovrol npoe; OUTOV. H cuolo9rlaoTTle; ouoKcuTie; OU~OV£I napa ncAuOTOV XPTlOI~OnOI&iTOI !pOKOe; Fresnel.n.:ploo6Ttpt~ n~~poq>opit~ vUP'" 0no aUTO K08Wc; KOI vupw ana TOVOVlXV£Un; eo f3p£iT& OTO TCUXoc; TaUI:£m&~J3piou 1985 TaU EAtKTOp.
EniAoyoc;
npOEl40nOlHDlI EJu~~etiTt voK6t+lCT£ lTJv roOf') orav OOUAtUET£novCIJ OTllV nAaKtTTo KOI OTOV KoACIJOiWV&TOI TOV OtOKOnTTl oro OUOTlWOr,pCIJTtO~OU TaU anmou.
,-I '
I \I ,,
\,,,,\
tvav IOIOKOTOOK£UoOlO r,pOKO, 0 KOAUr&poe; Tp6noc; VIO va TOY KOTaOl<&ooO&T& &iVOI va XPllOI~onolriocTC
IJ&PIKO XOpTOVIO aro anoia va K041CT£ IJ&pIKte; K08cTCe; OXl~~tc; KOTO~riKoc;, tTOI onwc; O£ixvou~& nopaOlOTlKO aro oxTi~o 5. AUTte; 01 OXI~
~te; nptn&1 OTllV OUVtXCIO va KaAUr,p6ouv ~ OUTOKOMTlTO nAoOlIKo riKOnOlO napo~1O UAIKO. 0 AoVoc; &ival OTt a OVIXV£Un)e; nptn&1 va Ao~
eaV&1 cAcu6£pa TTlv un&puePTl OKTtve>aoAio oMa 6cv nptnci va nOIpvoUv 000 lJtoa TaU p&U~OTO atpoc;.En&l0ri a cpaKOc; KOTOOKCu6~&TOI oavT~ri~O KuAtvOpua;e; &ntr,pOVCIOe; 01 eaOCIe; TOU nptn&1 va &ivol KAtlo~tV&e;
o&poar£vwe;. (Tnv 1l':iIOKOTOOK&ur; 6£veo oae; lTJv OUVIOloUOOjJ& ylOTi civolOUOKoATl KOI XOIJTlArlc; cuol08l')OiaC;.
II,
I,I
I,, I\ I
\ /
'-'
6,-," \I ,,,
\,\\
KaTaoICcu!iTa KUKACIJ~o KoToOK£UO~CTOI KOTO
TOV KaAlIT£PO OUVOTO Tp6no nOVCIJOTnV nAoKtna nou cpaiVCTOI OlO cxriIJO 4, ~IO Kat ouni civol ox£Oloo~tVTl
tTOI nou va XwpOCI OlD £OCIJT£PIKOCVOC; arPQyyuAou KOUTIOU yto OIOKOmTl. 'loClJ<; XPcloOlci vo nop£T£ Aiyo~c TT)V N~o TTlC; VClJvicC; TTlC; nAoKtTroc; Warc va TTlV KavcTc va XCA>P0£I£cpaPIJOOTO ~too OlO KouTi. nOVTCIJ<;npoot~T£ va ~Tlv OcpalpEO£TC napancAu UAIKO, £lOtKOT£po VUpCIJ anaTOue; nUKVClJTtc; C7 KOI ca.
o oVlXvcuniC; ~noP£i va Tono8£TTl8ci OpK£TO ~OKPUO ana TO unoAOlnoKUKACIJ~O KOI va ouvO€6£i oaUTO ~£
tva onAo KaAWOIQ. I£ OIO~OPCTlKri
n£pimClJOTl ~nop£i va Ton06cTTl8£iOTJ'lV nAaKtTTO KOI CPUOIJ(O o' oUlliTTlV ncpimCIJa'l oAOKAIlPTl Tl auoK£ur;~nop£i va TOno6£TTl8ci 0& ~IO KOTOAATlAn etOl1 Onc.x; oun) nou 6cixvCTOInopaarOTIKO oro oxri~o 1.
o OVlXVEUl'liC; ri OAOKAIlPTl 11 OUOKCur;, ovaAovo ~£ TO nOlO ncpimCIJ0Tl 80 npoTljJriO&T&, npenci vo Tono8&TTl8£i CJ£ tva U410C; YUPCIJ OTO 2~tTpa Kol ~& KAioTl YUPCIJ OTIC; 14°npoe; TO KOTCIJ O£ oxtOTl ~£ TTlv K08&TO, WoTC va tX£T£ TO KoAuTCPO 6uVOTO onoTtAto~o, oc T&TOIO OTl~&io
nou vo KOAumCI OAOKAIlPO TO aVOIV~O TnC; nOpTOC;. b£v nptncl va TOn08£TTl8&i o£ oTl~£io nou TO XTUna&1KOT£u8ciav TO nAIOKO cpc.x;, OlIT£ noVCIJ ana nTlytc; cKno~ric; 8£PIJ6TTlTOC;(oOjJT1CC;, KoAOPlCPtp, 8&p~00uo<a>p£U
TtC; K.An.). ITl~&IWOT& OTI Tl ~OVOOO
OCV &iVOI onOAUTO KoroAAr,AIl YIO AtlToupyio OC £~ClJTCPtKOUC; xwpOUC; (OC;nou~c Krinou ri TOpOTOCC;).
. OnCIJC; OVOCP&pa~c KOI 0TTlV opxriTaU 6pepou, a OVlxvcun'le; ~nop&i voTono8&TTl8ci nioCIJ ana tvov KOVOVtKOCPOKO Fresnel ri KOl niew ana tVQvt6tOKoTooKcUoaro. 0 cpaKQc; FresnelonoTu&iral ana OpK£TOUe; ~1J(p6TC
pave; qK1KOUe; nou £ivat KOTOOl<&ooOJ.,ltVOI KOTO T&TOIO TpOno War& votxouv noAU ~IKPn COlIOKJi an6o'TooTl.TtTQa r,poKoi XPTlCllJOnOIOUvTOI O£np0f5o.\te;, OTO OKOnCUTPO TClJV (p(t)TOVpar,pucwv IJTlXavWv, OC CPCIJTtOTIKO oW~OTQ Olcvtie; 6to~Tle;,.·. tTOI vta vaoVQr,ptpou~c OVOIJQOTlKa IJ£PtKte;OUOK&ute;.
Av npoTl~TC va XPflOt~OnolriocTc
5
86006-5
ara QKpa TaU civOt apK£Tr; ~arE vanupo60rtiol1 1"0 Diac 06. !T11Y ouvtXEtQ a nUKvwl'lic; C10 cK<POpTil;cTOI~oo ano TO Disc Kal T11V nuATl TaUTri " np6v~ nau KaVet TO rpOKlKQVWvIIJO. EnolJ&vwc; '1 ni011 aro OKpaTOU Tri 1 naipvcl TTl" lJopc","i nauqlOiVCTQt aro CJXli~ 6 KOt T'l anoia!Joe; eUlJi~£1 cun;v nau ntpvoulJ(: ano tva vrilJEp. H OIJOtOTT1TQ QIJWC;
15ev OTQ~T6£1 cOw, VIQri cnwl; KatOTflV ncpimW011 TaU VTilJ£p, 11 MIJf1Q6&v rpe>q:l06oTE:irQI nOTt IJt aAoKArlPI1 ll1V roan TOU OUKTiou. Eivol AotnOv OfKl)OOnnoTt~ anapaiTl'lro va &(0oqKlAiOOUIJ£ on TO KUKAWIJQ 80 otX&
Tal IKQVanOITlTlKn IOXU.
<!>UOIKO av TO OWlJono OTO anoiaeo !Joel a (MaKom", qlWTi~£TQI anoTO qx,>~ TTl~ ~Iltpo~ 90 ~TOV ~t~OIO
KOUTOIJOpa va av6~1 TO ~ K0ge(papa nou 80 KNeirot KOm>lC>C; IJtooaro ntOio TaU qK1KoU OTT'ly OI6PKEIQ11)1; l')jJtpaC;. KeiTI rETOlD TO amxpcu
VOUIJ(: lJ& TOV OUTOIJQrO 610KOITTTI cpw-TElv6TTlroc;. AUTOe; anoTcAciTOI anaTO CPCIJTOTpov~iarop T1 KOI TO non:vOI6IJ&TPQ P2 IJ& TO anoia pue~~CTQt
Tl cuata6rlao TaU KUKA~OTOC;. .0TOV necpTCI OpKUO CPWC; niIvCIJ aro T1aUTO aycl, onOTC ou~aVcrat TO 6uvo.~IKO nou Tpo<po60rci TT)v OVOOlptcpouoo ciooOp TaU A3 CJ£ lkIJTlMlrcPTlOlo81J1l ana ouniv nou Tpo<po60TciTllV IJ1l ovoarp£cpouoo cia060 TaU.L· oum TTlV ntpinT"'~ ~ t~~
TaU OUYKPtnl napalJtvct CJ£ xo~nAr;
AOYlKri 0TCi8~Tl. TO Tpav~iOTOP T2 OcvOYCI on01& 6&v ~noPE:i va oOTlVJ18£iOTllv OYClJYI~OTTlTO KOI TO TpCtOK. ITlIJ&tOOTC OTl 600 ~CYOAUTCPTlovrioTo0Tl tXCt TO P2, TOoo ~CyaAUT£PTl CUolo8f]ao tXCt TO KUKAClJIJO tTOt war£Kat Nvo cpwC; Ocv £ntTptn£t OTO triacva oviI41£1. Eov O€v ~OC; £VOIOcptp£l.o tA£yxoc; CPCIJT£IVOTTlTOC; TOT£ O£vXP£16~£TOt TO T1 KOI TO P2, TO OVTlKOElrlOToUlJE ~t tve ~POXUKUt<Ac.miPO·
To unoAomo OlOIX£K1 TaU KOOW~J(1TOC; axTl~oTi~ouv tva onAo Tpoqx>OOTtKO TO onOla Olo8£ponOI£iTol anan~ O<66ou~ ~tVtP OJ KOI 05. ToorpayyaAlOTIKO nnvio L1 KOI 0 nUKVCIJTli~ C7 t~n06i~ouv TOU~ no~~oiJ~
nou On~lOupyouvrol ana TIl:; &OKootc; lOU TpOKlJC va cntp£600lN TO6iJom0 n61.1:<ol<;.
u,
Kat
H TJAEKtpOVtKil crtO aUtoKiVTJtOflEAAOV•1tapov
Ec5w Kat ntvn: XpOVIQ nepinou, 01aUToKIVllTo!3tOjJllxaviec; - 01 onoie<;6&v f;N:.yav va ul06En;aouv TrWxp~on TTl<; \JIKpon'\'£KTpOVIK!ic; 6.AAa~av TEA£ic.x; TTl" oroon TOUe;.0, ncplOOOTEpol K01QOK£0001£1:;
aUTOKlvrlTWV Kat £~apTTU.KJTWV
avayvwplOOY on xwpic; TTl"IJIKpOflACKTPOVIKJl TO ~A'\OV TTl<;I3cIOlJllxaVIOC; eo civot cpTWXO. AUTOOUIJI3aIV£t £n£16Ti f3'\tnouv on t'S&v
eo jJnopouv va IKovonollloouv TIC;ananTlo£t<; TaU KOIVOU IJ£ COMe;IJllxaVIKcc; !3£AnwocK;. Aurtc; 01anarnio&t<; oU\Jm::plAoiJl3Ovouv£KTOc; a1lwv TWV ciMwv a~lomoTia,
htITOUPYIKOTIlTO, OlKOVOjJKl,
KQUO~WV, cm6oocK; Kat avcoy"
6£v "pcO£:t '\omov va £KnAl')OCXTOIKovciC; I3MnoVTa<; TO TCpQOTlO
KCcp6'\OIQ nau cm::vi')ooVTol 0lllYtpcuva Kat £~t,\~1') TUlY
jJlKpoUnOAOYIOTWV KupiwC;.
ITO npWTa XPovta cp6VI'lK£ on 0nACKTpOVIKo<; £~on'\loIJ6c; nTav avo·~16mOTOC; OlC aUTOKivI1TQ. !U;V J.lnopoUOC n.x. va )..ClTOUPYrlOCI OC 8cpjJOKPOOie~ nou J.lcTOaciMOVTOI J.lETO~u -40°C KOI 150°C, KpaOOOJ.lOU~ noucpTOVOU\! IJtXPI 200g (TO 9 e:iVOI TlcnlTlJXuvort Tlle; aapUTTlTO~ KOI e:iVOIiOTl J.le: 9,81 rntsec 2
), uqICi)..J.lupo ne:plI36Mov (J.110 Kat OC noMo KpOT1) OKOpni~ouv OMT! OTOUe; OpOJ.lOUc; YIO va
e:lJnooioouv TOV OXTlJ.lonoJ.l0 nayouaro KOTOOTpWJ.lO TOU OpOIJOU), OKOVTl,OIJIJO, )..0010 Kat acv~ivcC;. ·0)..0 OUTO0J.lW<; OVl'iKOUV mo aro nopc)..66v KOtTl oM8e:tO e:lVOl on at awaro KOTOoKcuooIJiVe:e; Tl)..CKTpOvIKte; 1J0vaOce;e:ivol TOOO ye:pt~ KOt O~l6n1Ole:e; 600TO IJTlXOVIKO TIJTlIJOTO TaU OUTOKIVrlTOU
A~t~e:1 va 0TlJ.lClwae:i OT! 01 OIOCPopee; OUTOKtVf)TOI3tOIJJlxoviee; So Oonovnoouv aUTO TOV Xpavo OpKe:Tte; e:KOTOVTci6ce; e:KOTOIJIJUPIlJ VtO Tl)..CKTPOVIKO KUK)..WIJOTO e:)..tvxou KOI ni'.cKTPOVlKO 0I09r}niptO yl.O TO OUToKivnTa.
nap6A.o aUTO C~OKOi'.OUeoUv vo Unapxouv KonOIO nP013i'.rlJ.lOTO. AKolJOKOI TO fl)..£KTPOVlKO ouanilJOTO M:tTOUpyouv J.I£PlK£C; cpopte; 6oxnJ.lo.
OTOV oUlJl3£i KOTI TtTOIO Tl Ompai'.e:lOTOU OXrlJ.lOToc; 6£v nptnci va KUVOUV£UCl. E~olTllJe; ounic; Tnc; e:nL1l.oVTie;yive:TOI o)..otvo £nlTOKTlKOTe:PIl Tl 0VOYKT) £CPOOIOOIJOU TWV ne:plooore:pono)..uni'.oKwv 1))..e:KTPOVlKWV lJov60wv,J.IE; J.lio i'.e:lTOUpyia OUTOOtoyvWorte;·
01 n£plOOOTe:pO oJlJ.lOVnKte; ne:plOxtc; E:peuvoe; KOI e:~E:)..I~Tlc; E:XOUV oxtort 1Je: TO Tl)..e:KTPOVlKO OUOnilJOTO ltJ£KOOJ.lOU a£v~iVJ1C; ouonilJOTO ltJ£KOOJ.lOU ne:Tpe:Aoiou Kat TOUe; T))..e:KTPOVlKOUe; KOTO)..UTEe;. A~~e:1 va OT)J.lClw8cion 0)..0 OUTO tXOUV axtoTl IJC TT)V
C~OIKOVOJ.lTlort e:VE:PVClOc; KOi T1)V 0TIJOocpCUPU(fl punOVOI). EmoTl~ ouve:Xt~e:TOI Tl C~E:At~1) TOU OUOTTlIJOToc; noue:lJnOOI~£1 TO IJnAOKOplOIJO TWV TPOXWV 0TllV OIOPKe:IO TOU cpp£vopt0IJOToe; (AntHock braking system ASS).IJlOc; OUOKCUTle; OO(pOACtOc; Tl onoioe:ivat TOOO onapaiT'lTll WaTC va aCta>PEITOI 13£lXliO on eo ne:pL1I.o~ovcTOl
OlaV KOVOVIKO £~OnAlOIJO oAwv TWV
KOIVOUPYlWV OUTOKlVTlTWV ~oa UTTlVe:nOJ.lcvJl ne:vTocTio ray TC.\£UTOio,ovo<p£POUJ.I£ T11v cpcuvo nou YIVe:TOlyupw ona TO T)Ae:KTpOVIKO atOenTTlPIlJaapUTTlTOc; VIO TOV £M:YXo OCpoeaAOJ.lwv ocxpaA£iac; Kat TWV l:wvwv OOQ>OA£IOe; .. Eva OnTtKO ouvoi'.o oi'.CJN OUTWV Kal no.uwv oMwv OiV£TOt UTOax~~o 1.
IUOTl1l1Q ljICKQ0IolOU KQUOiIoI0U IoIC QI0911n;pIO II (lIcilolllQ)
Mia e:v6locptpouoa 13c)..TiwoTl TTlC;Bosch, Yla Ta J.lIKpO KUpiWc; aUToKivT)TO, civat TO oucrrrllJO ltJe:KOOIJOU MoVO-T~CTpOVlK. r' aUTO TO OUUTTlJ.lOTO onOITOUIJCVO J.liVIJO f3e:v~iVJ1c;-Qtpa
Koaopi~TOI one TTlV 8tort TTl~ ne:TO)..ou60e; TOU KOPlJnupGTtp KOI • nc;
OTPO<jltc; TTlC; ~nxov~c;. AUT~ n on"~,
oMci OIKOVOlJlKrl J.lE:8000~ e:AtyxouT'lC; IJTlxovTi~ aC)..TloTonol£iTol ane tvo 'l)..CKTPOVlKO KUK)..WIJO. 01 onOKAiOCll; TOU J.liVIJOTOc; one TTl owoTil
1
I
~xrj~a 2. To ouorT'/IJO ijJtKO"~OU Kouoiuou Mano-JelroniclnpoofIJQpo rT'/r; BosCh
2
o
BOSCH
+
•
~xrj~a 1. To T'/AtKrpovlKO OTO aurOK;VT'/ro (npoo(fJopri rT'/r;Bosch).
•
3 KpUOl; QVlxYWTr,,. Ekpl)Ol;.rRl3c;Pl.IOC'; Q~I:UTT)(;
"''''~
Mt(~14.7 14.7 >14.7
etDlXlIlPOOIO350-8SO <Ie 2QO-8SO"C lSO.eoo"C
'- 1k"(llfovrl'''''l< BClll?;lVo.arcr.OV!'K [);eMI, OCPlOU.."""" Xwpu; 110..... Xwl)lC; 1l~..e60 ...." o4gtPIl
XpoYO( (101I"I(; 80 OOOKm80000lr;m >'60000km
na lAl:AovTIKIi XpIiOTl: CAR IN
AS R IJ.C -ntTQAou6a· KQt tAcyxoopptvwv
I' aur.; TTlV tK600Tl - ~l.i:nc Ox,;~ 40 - TO ouvtPYO~OjJ£VO I1AtKTPOVlKO KUKAwjJOTO tAtYXOVTOI ana TOorilJOTO nou Oivouv 01 OVlXVtUTCC;:nou PpiOKOVTOl aTOUe; 6.(OVtc:; TWVTpoXWV. Av 01 KIVIlT';ptOI Tpoxoi Ttivouv va yAlarp';oouv, 01 n£To.\ouoce; KA£ivouv tAocpp6 jJ£IWVOVTOe; 000 TTlv jJovOoo £Atvxou TOU I1A£KTpoVlKOU auvOcojJou TTJe; -ntTO"OOOOe;·TTlV lOX" TTl~ ~nxav';~. f'v c~atTia~
6tO<POptTlKWV KOTOaTOOtWV OOOOT~
IJClToc; IJOVOV tvoe; KlVl1TTiptOe; TpOXo<;Ttivtl va y"IOlP';O£I, OUTe)(; 'Pj)&v<ij)&TOI ano TO OUOTTl~O ASS Ot ouvOuoojJo jJt TO KA£iol~O TTle; -n£TOAooooe; •. AUT6c; 0 ouvOuaOjJOc; tiVOInpOKTIKa tvoe; I1AEKTPOVIKO tAtyXoJJEVOe; OtOcpOpIKOe; n£plOplaT';e; OAi08110Tle;. To UZ)paUAIKa TaU ASS iowc;:XptlOOlti va En£KTo80uv IJt ~ia uZ)POUAIK'; jJv';jJl1. npaylJO nou OtV £iVOl ojJwc;: onOpaiTTlTO ov TO ASS tiVOlTon08Ell1\.ltVO ana TO tpyoorooloKOTOOKEulie;. O£ tva o"oKAl1pwjJtvooUOTTlIJCl JJE TO OUVTl8101Jtvo KUKAw~
nt6nO!)~·
ASR ~e tAeYl(O Tll~ neTaAoU6a~
KQI TOU Ouc:mi~TOC; QYacpA£~1lt;
I' aur.; TTlV tK600T1 - ~l.i:nc OX,;~ 6P - TO UOpaUAIKO KuKAWjJora TOUASS OEv XlXla~oVTol jJtTOTpon'; KOIOtv tnI1P&6~ouv TO ASR. AnAci jJ£yaAWVtl TO I1AeKTpoVlKo KUKAWjJQ TOUASS ana TO I1N;KTPOVlKO E~OPT';IJQTO
TOU ASR. ria va IJtlw6ti 0 xpovoe;ovTiOpool1C;: OlTlv n£pimwol1 nou JJClWV£TOI TO <popTio TTlC;: IJI1Xovtie;, jJtTOpaMOVTOI 01 pu8jJiocle; TOU OUO'TT1~
TOe; ovocpAe(l1e; KOI TOU oucmi~Toc;
lJltKaojJou ana TOV I1A£KTpoVlKO tmTOXUvn; TTlV iZ)IO aTlYjJ'; nou pu8jJ~tl
TTlV -n£ToAouoo· TOU' KOPJJnUpaTtp.n6VTWC:; aUTO TO aUOTTl~O xp£la~TOI
tvov IJflXOVIKO OIOCPOPIKO ntpl0PtonloAio9rlOTle; YIO oocpaAtie; emm£te;KOTW ana OUve';K£C:; tZ)lCiT£pa OMa6rlpou OOOOTpWIJOTOe;.
TpOno, ovt~OPTTJTO ono TO n600 noTaCi a OOnY~ TO """,,~I' (6nAa6';Ttp~ oi -naV'Jl:C:;· ICCI TO (tKIVr,jJOTOjJ£ TO AOaTlXO VO • oup.\lCi~ouv.). AuTO KaVEI onapaiT11T1l TTlV OVTIKOTOOTaO!) TTl~ oUVTl6lCllltVTl~ vri~a~ nouEVWV£I TO n£TOAt TaU -YKO~toU. 1.1£TTJV -n£ToAouoo· TOU ICOPI.lnupaTCp,jJ£ tva TlAtKTpoYlKO OUv6EOIJO. ToASR ~op£i vo AEITOUpy£i at ouvZ)uOOIJO IJt TO ASS O£ Z)uo £K66otle;nou qKJiVOVTOI aTO oxli~ 6.
Ta CpeUVTlTIKa cpyaor.;plO me; Philips tPyO~OVTOI tOO KOI OpKtTO KOl·pc) navw ot tva OUOTTljJo nAo';VTlOl1e;yla OUTOKivl1TO, TO onoio jJnopE;i vaXOp6(EI TI1V Z)IOOPOjJ';, va KOTtu8UvEITOV oOTlYo aTOV npooplojJo TOU, vayvwp~el TI1V oKplPIi 8tol1 TOU aUTOKlV';TOU Kal jJnopei va TI1V npoOOlopi~£I onoloOTinOTt OTlYjJ';, tXOVTOC TOV
Pu9IAlaTlic; aVTloAia6IlOTlC;o pue~IOT';~ avrloAioeTlOn~ - ASR
- ClJno!5i~tl nw nEplOlpexp'; TWV KIvTlTTlpiwv TPOXWV aTTlV ntj:XmWOl1nou yAIOlpoUV orav TO cpopTio TTlC;:jJI1Xov';e; 1J£IWV£TOI jJ£ £N;YXOjJ£VO
To auOT11~ onoTpon';e; 010 IJnAoKOPlOlJO TWV TpaXWV OTTlv OIOPK£1OTaU cppeVOpiOlJOTOe;, ABS, KOTOOKCU0OTTlK£ OPXIKO ylo TO o£ponAovo. oAM TWpa 1.1£ jJio IJtTOTP9mi PpiOKtTOl£YKOT£OlTUJ'&VO oe OPK£TO OUToKiVTlTO KOVOVII01e; napaywYlie;. H oPX';A£IToupyioe; TOU CPOivtTOI aTO OX';IJO5. AVlxvtuTte; npoooPIJOOlJtvol aTOVo~ovo K08£ TpoXOU napaKoAou80uvTIe; arpo<pte; nou noipv£l 0 TpOxOe;.. Orav OPXiO£1 TO CPP£VOPlOIJO KOI OtTpoxoi T£ivouv va OKIVI1TOnOITl80uvanOTO~ I1A£KTPOVIKO KUK"WIJOra nou£"tVXOVTOI ana TOUe; OVlxv£urte; tv£pyonoloUv cva T'n)vio TOU uOQau"lKOU cppCVOU TO onoio jJE:lWV£1 T11Vni£011 nou £~ooKciTOI aTO q)ptva O£TCTOIO aT08~ nou 01 TpoXoi va OlOIJClTTioouv va n:JpouoMi~ouv TOanIJIlAOKOpioIJOToc;. EnEt6r, TO OUO"lTliJO&n£v£pvci QV£(OPTTlTO O£ Ko8£ TpCXO £nrruvxciv£TOl ciplOTO ¢lPCVOPIOIJOylO Tie; unaPXOuocC:; K06E: 'Popa ouv6riKEe;. En£ll5l) 01 Tpoxoi OEv aKIVTlTO-'nolOUvTOI OnOTOjJO, jJEIWV£TOI OI1IJOVTIKa 0 KivOuvoe; VMOTPr1IJOTOC:;. no""0 £KOTOI.II.IUPIO WpEe; oo';VTlor;e; ouTOKlvtirwV ECPOOIOOlJtvwv JJE aUTO TOoUOTTl~, ontOcI~OV on KOTW ana6.\£e; Tie; OUV8!iK£C:; 11 anOOTOOI1 ntOnanc:; IJEIWVETOI CJT1IJOVTIKO OE oXtOTljJ£ OUTOKiVTlTO nou O£V £iVOI £(00"1OjJtvo JJE TO OUOT11IJO. Mc TO OVOIJOTTle; IJTlXovtie; £AtYXETOI O"OKATlpo TOauonu.kl KOI oAo TO £~OpTTiIJOTO TOUoopaKoAou80UVTOl OUvtXEIO VIC 600OOUA£UEI Tl jJTlxovti. Av oVOKo.\ucp8£iKonOIO expoAIJO TO OUOT11\.lO onoouvOttTal Kal ovaAojJl36V£1 TO KOVOVIKoKUKAWlJO TWV ¢lpE:VWV xwpic; TTlV po.;8&16 TOU. TOTt OiV£TOI OTOV oOTlYOKat KanOIQ cVO£I~Tl on TO OUOTI1~
PpioK£TOI tKT6c; AtITOUpyioc;:.
. ETCI aTO KtAucpoc;: TTle; jJnoTapioe;PpiOK£TOI CYKOTtCfTTlI.I£voc;: tvoe; OVIXV&unie; 8tPjJOKpaotae;, 0 onoioe;ouVOt£TOI arTlv jJOvcioo Olop8wane;~(Xa) tvOe; KoAwOiou. M' aura TOVTpeino Opi~CTOI n aplOlTl TOOll CPQpTTl0Tle; ana TOY ora8&panolTlTTi 6top&r
O!)~.
Q OOKI~e; nou t.ylvov antO£I~ov
oTi auTO<; 0 Tp6noc; tAtvxou I.Inoptiva p&ATlwvtl TO ouan1\.lo <p6pTIOfle;O1TIv Ot6PK£1O TOU X£ljJwva KOI O111vKUKAocpopio jJtOQ oc noAI1 ntPtooOT£PO ana 30%. Av Tl jJnaTapia napaKoAou8£rrcu 1.1' OUTo TOV Tp6nO 11IJI1Xovti eo naipvtl jJnpoaro noAu £uKoAoTtpo OKOIJI1 KOI oe 8tPjJOKpaoite; n£pII36AAoVToe; KOTW TOU 1J110£voe;.
:EuoTl1l.la anOTpOm;C; aTOlAnAOKaPIOlAa TIolV TPOXWV KaTaT 0 CPPl:VaPIOlAa CABS
avaAovia aVlXv£UOVTOt Kat 610p8Wvovral yp';yapo. To o.;~a aq>aA~TO~
OiV&TQI ano tVQV aVlxv&un1 "6~6a.
To OUOTTWO XPl1ol~OnOI&iTQI cOw Kat
Kci~nooo KQIPO Kat tXtl anoli&lx6eiaKpl~C; Kat a~16mOTO. H Bosch nopouoiaoe np6o<porQ tva 6ePIJOlVOIJE:vo aVlxv£ur'; AOlJoo 0 anoioe; £X&l,oU~(,Jva ~ TIC; anarTl'iO&IC;, naAu~V6AO XpOvo Z;wr')c; Kat 6iVEI, KQUoatplO XOIJI1AOTCPI1C; 6CPIJOKpooia<;,vprlVopOTCPI1 anOKplCJl'l TOU ouan;IJOTO<; IJCM TO ~£KivrllJa 1TIC; IJnxavi'lc;KOt aU~nlJtVll a~lOmaria 0& l5uoKoAeC; £VKOTQOTOO<.
IrU.1Elc.OOTe OTt 0 IJ£Torpontac; KQTaAUTn IJnopci va AcrroupYliOEI an~oonKo jJovov OV TO IiYjJO atPO-KOUoijJou CiVOI owani pu6jJIOl.ltvO. nptn&l va ~piOK&TOI noAu KOVTti 0& OUTOnou &ivol yvwaro oav aTOlX&OjJ£TPIKO~iy~a Yla napei6cly~a 14,7 ~tPn atpo ~c tva ~tpo~ ~cv~ivn~. Eival~&Ko8apo on 0 jJcTQTpontae; cPVa~&TQl jJ£ TOV KoALJTCpO !5uvaTo rp6noOTOV OUVtPVO~CTOI jJt tva I1A&KTPOVIKO OUCfTTljJO l+ltKOOjJOU TaU KOUOtIJOU. I' OUT'; TTlV ntpimwan jJnoptiva jJ&TOTpanci ntj:Xnou TO 90% TWVTPIWV KUplWV punovTwv nou PpiOKOVTal oro KOuoatPIO.
AVIXVl:un'tc; 9l:PlAOKpacriac; Tl)C;lAnaTapiac;
To oxti~ 4 !5CiXVtl tvov tVOlCcptpaVTO V&WTtPtOIJO. 01 IJtToAOKT£e;Kat 01 ycvvtiTpl£e; TWV OUTOKlV';TWVtivOl tCPOOIOOlJtvOI jJ£ lJio jJOvooo6top6wane; Tl')C; 8tPIJOKpooiae; TO ~
noia c~aacpaAii;E:1 OTt 0 pue~a~ q>6pnOI1e; £iVOI UlJlI1AOT£Poc; OTOV 11 IJnaTapia £ivOl KpUO. nOVTWe; aUTO TOOUOTTl~ tAtyxou N;ITOUpyci lKavonoll1T1KO lJoVOV OTOV 11 8tPIJOKpaoioTaU £ivol ian 1.1£ TTlv 8£PlJoKpaoioTTle; jJooTopiae;.
III
IXr11JO 3. IUyK(JI011JI&TQ~t.i lI/uxpou KOI
8£p~lv6",evou aVIXV&unj 1\ci:~6a (npoor:popd Tf'J(; Bosch).
II4
lIitit-'..... -, ~,- - _.- _plifilor ~i.. '.'"0< - "'-"J" J" J" J" J"
~ch....... 1
~........ ,
-- .....eylin<l.r
,.;1-.... ...........itdl controN..
"''' ..." .....-, cylincW
~ "'......,
~............
Sa
Sb
IXr1~a 5. IuonwaanoTpOrmr; ~e ~nAo
Kapio~aTor; rwv rpoxc.iv oro cppevaplo~a.
IXr1~a 4. AIOBrrrr1P108ep~oKpaoiar; mr;~narapiat;.
KonOlO OKOUOTIKri n'ATlPcxpopio, oAAaOla~o~EI Kat nATlpocpopiE<; On06TlKEUIJEVEC; IJE lIJ'1cptOKO OiOKO, nou IJnopEivo EiVOt a nAr'}PTlC; OOIKOC; XOPTTle; TTlC;MeVcihD~ BpeTQvia~ Ii ~la~ ncihD~
K.An.
• .Eva ouoTTlIJO nAoriVTlCJ1<; nounpooolopi~Et OUVEXWC; T'1V KPIf3ri 8E:011 TOU OUTOKIVriTOU.• AVlXVEUTE:<; 01 onoiol TPo<poOOToDv TOV unoAoVIOn; IJE nATlPOQ)opiec; 0XETlKE:C; IJE TIe; AElTOupyiEC; TOUOUTOKlvr'}TOU, onwc; n.X. TIlv 6Epj.l0Kpaoia TaU VEPOU lIJU~TlC; TTlC; j.lTlXOvric;, ylO nopQOEIVj.lO Ii nOOTl f3Ev~iVTl
HA£KTPOVIKQ ABS Kal
Y&paUAIKO ABS ASR
HAEKTpoVIKl'1
TpocpolioTD"'l (VKa~l)
MopcpOj.lETaTpontac;OTPOcpWV
lUa<pOPIKOC; ncpIOpIOj.lCH;oAio91'101'1C;
HACKTPOVIKl'1 aVaflAc~1'1 Kal ",tKOOTl
®@
®
CD@@
Y'180uv owma O£ aVV(OOTEC; TOUe; nePtOXE:C;· rTOUe; uno'AoVtoIJOUC; neplAOIJ~aVETQl TO KOOTOC; KauoilJwv KOlo xp6vo~ oIiliV11OT1~. Me TO CARINIJnopEi navroTE KanolOe; va (pTaOEtCJTOV npooplOIJO TaU lJe TOV Ka'AuTepo Ouvaro TpOno.
Mo j)q)Oj.lCTaTpontac;
OTPOcpWV.
HACKTPOVIKQ
CD ABS&ASR
® Y~paUAIKQ ABS Kal ASR
® HAcKTpoVIKl'1
TPOfl066T1'10Tl (YKQ~I)
BaOIKrj napouaioemH 800lKrj napouaioon TaU CARIN
rpaiV&TOI aro oxr'1~o ,. To T~rjl-lOra
nou anoreAOtiv TO oUomPQ eiveu:• Mia TpOnOnOll1l..ltVJ1 j.lovoOa lIJTltplOJ<oD OiOKOU Via TO aUTOKlVJ1TO Tlanoia Oev nail;£l IJOVOV OiOKOU<; IJE
~uvaT6TI1Ta va /Sweet apKCTE:C; nAIlpocpopic<;; yupw ana TO m:pl~AAov IiTOV npOOplOIJO TaU Ta~It310U. r' aUTO
TO OUOTTlIJQ nAoriVllol1C; E:X£1 Ow6ei TOOVOIJO CARIN: CAR Information andNavigation (rUOTTlIJO nATlpoq>6PIlOTl<;;Kal nAOrlVI1OTlc; VIC TO aUToKivI1TO).
rTlC; T£AEUToiec; cpQO&I<;; TaU npovpci~~aTO~ TO CARIN 80 OhOKhDPWSci IJE A&IToupyec; niVQKO ei\tYXQu..Orav yiVEI aura eo IJnopouv vaunapxouv npO£IOonou'lo£u; IJE olJt.A.iaVIC TO av xpe16~eTQI "an TO aUTOKivlllO onwc; /3ev~ivT1, ,),aOtO, av txouvaVE:/3E:l Ot 6eplJOKpaoiec; ncivw ana TOKQVQVIKO ri av 11 IJnoropia OrU.lIoupyeinpoj3i\r'UJoro. To OUOlTUJQ eo IJnopeieniol1C; va ouvOE8ei Kat jJE: TIC; npoetoonOlnOEIC; Til; rpoxaoc;; ~ow TaUpaOlCXPWVOU. Auro IJnopei va vivelIJEOW TOU rUoniIJOTOC; POOIO nATlPo<p6PDOT1~ (RDS Radio Data System),TO onoio eiVOI TO etlJO ou~riTT1CJ1C;
Via TrW npoTunonoiTlcr1 TOU oe EupcvnOIKo enineOo evw ViVOVTaI nelpQIJOTO lJe paOlCXPWVIKOUC; or061J0uc; RDS"" xwpe~ 6nw~ D AYYMc, D rillio, DreplJovia KOI '1 I:ou'10io.
H ouvOeoTl TaU CARIN lJe TO RDSeo. KQVel Ouvon; TrW xapo~Tl evoJ..AoKTlKWV OIOOPOIJWV wore vo oncxpeuVOVlOl TO IJnOTlAIOpioIJOlO.. Onou n.X.ViVOVTOI epvooiec; navw oro 000orPWIJO, ri onou TO KOIJIJQTlO TOUOPOIJOU EXOUV navo lJeTorptnovTOC;ovaAoyo TIC; oo'1viec; nou TaU txouvOw6ei. To lIJTl(PtOKa m;IJQTO RDS IJnopouv vo ouvepvooToUV lJe TOV unoAOVlOn; nou unapXEt OTO OUOTllIJOXwpiC; va OloKonTOuv ri va nopevoXAouv TO KOVOVlKO npoYP01J1JO nounopoKoAou6ei ana TO paOtCxpWVO.
.EpEuvE<; nou E::Vlvav 0Tllv Ayy'AiaE:Oel~av OTI 01 oOTlVoi IJnopouv vaoxeOlaoouv TIC; OIOOPOIJE:C; TOUC; nEpinou 20% onoooTIKoTEPO KOTa IJEOOopo, av OEv IJnopouoav va Ko6ooTl-
Lxlj~a 5a. ABS' ASRnou eAtYX£1 TO cppeva Kal TrjV «n&roAou6o» TOU Kap/.JnupaTtp (npoocpopam~ Bosch)
Lxlj~a 5b. ABS' ASRnou eAtYX£1 TO rppt·va, mv <<n£roAou60" TOU KOPJJnupa
Tep KOI TI'/V QvdcpAe~'1 (npooqJopQ T'7t;Bosch).
IXr7IJO 7. To CARINoc 6pcio1l To n).,nKTPOA6YIO Sa aVTl
Koraoro8ei arc j.l.E:AAov ana o80V17 at'Pryt; (cpwToyparpianou t6woe TO TlJrliJOTlJrJOU me; Philips).
IXrJj.Jo 8. To OUOTry
!JaTO nou aUV8f;rQUV
TO CARIN (npoarpopO. mr; Philips)
unapxci aK6~Tl K.An.• .Eva paOIOCPWVO aUToKIVr;TOU nouAOIJl36vEI nA1lPcxpoPl£<; Kal npO&Il)o"OUiCEIe; OxeTlK£C;; 1Jl: TTJv KiVTlOT1OTOUUC; OpOlJouC;;.• LUOKeutc;; emKOlvwviac;; Kat eAt-vxou nou anoTE:AouVTOI ano Ilia !Jova00 em:~£pyaoiac;; q:lwvric;; p£ T1'lV 0
noia, IJtow TOU OAOKAIlPWI-/£VOU ouortll..lOTOC;; ouv8e011C;; ol..uAiac;;, OiVOVTOIolocpopec;; nArlPcxpopiec;; OlOV X£IPlcrniTOU oUOTri~QTOe;, lJio oSOVTl Via onTlKte; nATlpcxpopiEe; - onwe; 0 OOIKOe;XapTTle; - KOI tva nATlKTpOAOVlO IJE TOonoio 0 OOTlVoe; IJnoPEi va TpcxpOOOTEi IJE EVToAte; KOl nATlpocpopiEe;TOU unoAOVlOn;.
Aun; dVOI lJio OUVTOIJTl nopouoioon 0PIOlJtvwv ana TO EmlJtpoue; oucrrr'lIJOTO.
MeydAtl XCUP'1T/KOT'1TO O~IOrnOT'1C;- ono8rjKEUOJ')C;-
o l+JTl<PlOKOe; OiOKOe; EiXE OOV 0PXIKO TOU npOOplOIJO TTlV on08r'}KEUOI')IJOUOIKrle; OlapKElOe; lJioe; wpOe;. AUTOOI')IJOiVEI OTI ylO. 3.600 OEuTEpo'\£maOVOAoVlKO otilJQTO OEIVIJOTOATlmOuv·TOI 44,1 XIAIOOEe; cpoptc; TO OEUTEPoAEmo (nou EivOI Tl OUIJCPWVTllJtVTl OUXVOTTlTO) OE OUO KOVaAlO (crrEPEOCPWVIKa) KOI KOTOypacpOVTOI crrov OiOKOOE 16bits avo OElYIJOTOATll+Jio. EnolJtvWC; OUTOe; 0 OiOKOe; tXEl XWPTlTlKOT11TO.3600 x 2 x 44.1 x 1000 x 16bits= 5 x 10' (5Gbits).
TouTO 1J0e; npoocptpf:t 1.110 VlvaVTlOROM (MvIi~n !Jovov v'a avavvwOT1)TTle; onoicc; 1JI10POUIJE vo Olaj36ooUIJEnOAU VPr'lVOpo OnOIOOrlnoTE o'lIJEioKOI OTTlV onoia IJnopEi va aVOI ono8r}KEUlJtvo OAOKATlPO TO OOIKO OUKTIOTTl, ME:vo"n, BpoTavia, v,a nap6601VIJO KOI EmnAtov OAOI 01 KOTciAOVOI Ta~IOIWTIKWV nA11PCXPOPlWV.
H IOta EVOe; nAEKTpOVlKOU l+JnCPlOKOU OOIKOU OTAOVTO E~OKOAou8Ei vaOOUAEUETOI. To OUOT11IJO l+JnCPlOKOUOiOKOU tnpEnE va IJETOTpanEi ViaTnV MITOUpyio TOU OOV l+J11CPIOKOC;OiOKOe; IJVr'}IJ11e; IJOVOV Via ovoyvwOI')EnEKTEivOVTOC; TnV XWP11TIK0T11TO TOUVlO Olop6won A08wv tTOI WorE OEtvov KOAO OiOKO va unOPXEl 11 OUVoTOTnTO m60vwv OCPOAIJOTWV Tne; Ta-
~Tle; 1 bit ova 10 12bits. AUToe; EivOltvoe; OUVTEAEOTrle; OCPOAIJOTOe; 1 EKOTOIJIJUPIO cpopte; KOAUTEPOC; ana ouTOV nou txoulJe VlO TIC; 1J0YVnTIKtc;TONiee; TWV unoAoYloTWV. (),nAo0r'l IJEOAAO AOVIO OKOIJO KOI tvoe; VOOPlJtvoe; KOI ~pWIJIKOe; l+J11q:lIOKOC; OiOKOe;EivOI nOAu mo o~lomaroe; ana TnV1J0VVTlTlKTl TOlVio Via unoAoYlarte;.
H eVOwlJOTWon evoe; npoo8EToUOlopSwTlKOU oAvopu81J0U tXEl KonoloKOOTOC; OE IJvr'llJn, EnelOr'} npenEI vaon08nKeuTouv oplolJevee; EnlnpooSETEe; nAnpcxpopiee; WOTe VO 010p8wVOVTOl TO AOen. AUTO 1J010~EI OOV vacrreAvETol tva OI')IJOVTIKO IJUVTlIJO 000cpopte; tTOt warE va eivol onoAUTOe~oocpaAlOlJtvo on 80 <pTaoel crrovnpOOplOIJO TOU.
Me t~unvTl emAOVr'} TOU aAVOpu·81J0U Olop8wone; A08wv oVTi vo X08Ei11 IJl0rl XWPTlnKOTnTO TTlC; IJvnlJne; xoVOVTOl IJOVOV 6 x 108bits onOTe nopOlJevouv OIOStOllJO 4,4 x 109bits.navTwc; OV n XPOVlKrl OlopKelo TOUl+JnCPIOKOU 6iOKOU IJvnlJne; oU~Tl8ei
crro 66 AEmo, IJIO KOI unoPxel TtTOlOKOTeu8uvOTl, eo Xwpael 4,8 x 108 bitsTO onoio OVTlcrrOIXOOv oe 6 x 10!by·tes.
OIKOVO/JIKrj KcuoIKOnoi'1o'1To KUPlO K08nKoV EVOe; l+J11q:llOKOU
XOPTOVpa<pOU eivol n OIKOVOIJIKr'} lJeTOCPOpa OTOV l+JTl<PIOKO OiOKO EVOe;KOVOVlKOU XaP111 lJe KAilJOKO OC; nou·~E 1:15000 KOI 0 onoioe; nEpltxelvupw OTa 30 XpWIJOTO.
Mia onoOEKTn IJt8oooe; OVOAUOTle;TOU XaPTll onlJeiou npoe; 0TlIJE10 Kavel XPrlon evoe; nAtVIJOTOe; OPIl:OVTWV KOI Ka8eTWV OUVTeTOlJtvwv nouonexouv IJETO~U TOUe; oe; noulJE:0,1 mm.. ETOI 0 xapTllC; unoOlOlpEiTOlOE nOAO IJIKpa TETpaVWVO IJE Em<pa·vela 0,1 x 0,1 = 0,01 m,m. 2 OE ouyKE:KPllJtvO XPWIJO TO K08evo. M' auTO TOV Tp6no IJQ eKTOOn 12 x 14KmDE KAIIJOKO 1:1500 XPEI6~ETal 75 EKaTOlJlJupla crrOIXEO E:IKOvae;. AUTOnpenE:l VO E:lJcpovlarouv XPWIJOTlaro.Ecpooov 5bits OVTlnpOOwneOouv 2 5 =32 XPWIJOTO, TO 75 EKOTOIJIJUPIO OTOlXE:io Xpela~OVTal 75 x 5 x 10 8 = 375EKOTOIJIJUPIO bits. 0 OplelJOe; aUToe;aVTlnpOOWnEOEI TO 8% Tlle; XWpnTlKOTnTOe; TOU l+JTlqllOKOU OiOKOU. EmnAtov '1 lJeeoOoe; aUTri OEV OIEUKpnvi~EI
OTOV unoAoylcml nOla Elval aKpll3we; '18tOl') TWV Op6IJWV navw OTOV xapT11.
ria TOV A6yO aUTo EilJOOTE unoXPEWlJtVClt va l+JO~OUIJE VlO KonOlaCJJJ.11 AUOn. H IJtSoooe; nou EmAEXTIKE Eivat lJia nou avanoplaro TOUe;OpOIJOUe;, IJIO nou YlauTOOe; yiVETOIOAn oun; 11 10TOpio, IJE TTlv 1300i8ElOKOpTEOlOVWV OUVTETOVlJtvwv KOI 010vUOIJ6,TWV.. Evae; TEAEiwe; E:u8ue; Op61J0e; xwpie; nap60oue; txel IJOVOV OuoTtTOlO onlJEia' ana tva DE Ko8E 0Kpn TOU.. Evoe; OPOIJOC; IJE KOlJnUAEe;ovaAUETOI OE: Eu8uVPGIJIJ0 TlJrllJOTOIJE OTlIJEio KapTEOlavwv OUVTETaVlJtVWV aTO EVOlOIJE:OO OTlIJEio. .EvaTlJrllJO lJeTO~U oTlIJEiwv noploToVETOIIJE: OIOVUOIJO. ria TTlV nEplvpa<prl Evoc; oTlIJEiou onalTouvTOI 32 bits 0'1AOOn 16 bits Via T11v we; npoe; TOV
a~OVO TWV X 0lo13081J10ll KOI 16 bitsVia TnV w<; npoe; TOV ci~ovo TWV l+J6,a~oB~,0!1.
H tKToOl') vnc; KOI AIIJVWV nou IJnope:i va XWptOEI IJE aUTO TOV TponoKOOlKOVpaCPTl011e; unoAovil:ETOI we; E~rle;. (),EKot~n bits 6ivouv 2 16 = 65.000 OuvOTa111TEC; nEpinou, Av TO KUpiwe; eoo<poe; TT1e; BpEToviae; XWPlOTEiDE OUO TETpavwvo IJE nAEupee; 650.000 m oni 650.000m (aKp,~w, 4001Ji.\la x 400 lJiAIO) onol06rinoTE onIJEio lJeoo OE K08E TETPOVWVO tXEtoKpi~Ela 10 IJtTpwV KOI IJnopEi vaovonopooTa8Ei IJE 2 x 16 bits (2q>apt, 65.000 6uvaTOTnTO').
. EvoC; onO'\UTO Eu8ue; Op6lJoc; IJnopEi va OpIOTEi, onwl; oVOcptPGIJEnpo11yoUlJtvwe;, IJE Ouo IJOVOV 0'1IJEia. . EvoC; nEpl<pEpEIOKOe; Op6IJOC;oov TOV M25 nou nEpl~~EI TO /\OVOivo Xpe:IO~ETaI naVTWe; vupw OTIe;4000 OTllJEio Via va nE:P1vpacpE:i OWaro. 01 OPOIJOI TWV BPETOVlKWV nOAEwv xpel6~oVTol Via va nEplypocpouv12 OllIJEio KOTO IJtow opo onolTOuvTOI 12 x 32 = 384 bits Via K08E:OpOlJo. r' aUTO npenEI va npOOTESEilJio 0lEU8uvon 32 bits nou OEixvouvnou ~piOKOVTaI 01 EmnMov nA11pocpopiEe; nou txouv axtOTl lJe aUla navwOTO OiOKO (ae; noulJE, TO OVOlJa TOUc5pOlJou). E<pooov npOTlIJOUVTOI OVOIJOTO OE OUVKEKpllJtVO onlJEio, n oxt011 ovolJE:oa OTO OValJOTO TWV OPOIJwv KOI OTIe; KopTeOtavtc; OUVTE:TOVIJEVee; nptnEI vo nEplvpacpEi, npoViola nou TPWEI ano 111v XWPTlTIKOTTlTOTn, ~v~~n,·
. Evae; OpOIJOe; onolTEi KOTO lJeowopo onwe; EiOolJE KOI napanovw 384+ 32 = 416 bits. Av lJio nOAle; eXEl3000 6po~ou, a, nou~o, XPOlo~av
Tal 3000 x 416 = 1,25 EKOTOIJIJUPIObits. npo08tTovTae; evav nepinou iooopI8IJo bit Via TnV KwOIKoVpciCP11011TWV OV~OTWV TWV OpalJwv, E:XOUIJEeva OUVOAO 2,5 EKOTOIJIJupiwv bits rinEpinou TO 0,05% TTle; XWpnnKOTTlTOC;TOU l+JnCPlaKou OiOKOU. AUTO eivol IJEVOAO EniTE:UYIJO. KOI onwoolinOTE 0TponOe; OUTOe; EivOI no,\u OIKOVOIJIKOC;oe IJVTilJn ana TOV npOnVOUIJEVO, nouXPElOl:OTOV TO 8% Tnc; XWPTlTIKa111TOe;Tn, ~v~~n,·
Cl>uOlKO OAEC; aUTte; 01 IJEl\tTEe; EiVal onM EVOElKTlKte; KQl E~apTwvTol
ana TTlv ~nTOUIJEV11 .\£nTOlJtPEIO. AvnpoKElTOI va an08TlKEUTOUV nE:ploooTEPEC; nAnpocpopiEe; Ii onolTEiTOl KO'\UTEpr) oKpi~Ela, onwoorinoTE onOlTEiTaI Kal IJEVOAUTEpOe; xwpoC; IJvrl~n,·
KaSop,o~1>; Story<; (oTiy~a)
To ouarnlJO CARIN nptnEI va IJnopEi va npooolopiDEI onolaOrinoTE arlVlJrl T11v OKPI~r'l Ston TOU OUTOKlVr'lTOU XpnOlIJOnOIWvroC; TIe; OIO<popee; TEXVlKte; nou unoPXouv. Mia EUKO'\11npoe; TO nopov onovrnOl') EivOI IJE 1.11011'\EKTPOVIKtl nu~iOa. ME T11V ~or'lSela
1J10e; TtTolae; nu~iOoe; IJnopE:i va E~O
Kpl13w8Ei n K1V110ll TaU 0XrlIJOTOC; oeoxton IJE TO 1J0VV11TIKO nEOio me;vn,·
ME TTlV nATlPcxpopio aUTn KOI ~t·
poVTac; ana TO oOOIJETPO TllV ono-
7III
8 KOT£ ueuvan aUI"lCpwva IJC TOV ~rt-_ qMOKO XaPT11.
f· -:.:; -] nPClYI.IQTlKn ~aTeUeUV01l
C:::J 610p9w0T)
OlOor) nou eXtt 610VUOEI TO aUTOKi·
VTlTO a unOAOV1CJTT1C; ~nopci va K080PI/Xt TlW aeon TOU aUTOKtVrlTOU. ElVal enionc:: (5UVQTOV va Otop9w80uvOQ)6~aTO nou npoKo)..ouvrQI anD avTlKEilJcva Onwc; TO aUTOKIVrjTO nou
ncpvoUv ri 01 VEcpupec; ano IJnETOV
ap~. (H I.l(i~a TWV Ol61lpoIJOYVTlTlKWV~T6AAwv npoKoi\ci tva £ntnp608ero~VVflTlK6 ne6io TO anoia cntp£6~£1
TrlV nu~ioo TO·U aUToKIVnrou), 0 unohOVIOfT'lC; nou UnaPXEI Olop8wVEI QU
TO TO oqxii\lJora oUyKpivoVTOC; Quvri
ewe; nc;; ni\rlPO<popi£c; \.1£ TOV '+ll1<PIOICO 061KO XaPTll. Av Tl StOfl nou unoi\oyiOT'lK£ I3pioKerol IJOKPUa ana TOI5pblJo nou nptn£! va OKOi\OU9r)oet TO
aUTOKivnTO, OUIJ<pwva IJ£ TO l+!Tl<$>IOKOOOIKO XtiPH) yiV£TOt curOllaTO 11 OtotJewOTl (oxli~o 2).
rIO va Au8ei TO np6e.ArUJo TaU £nt
p£ao~ou TOU vnlVOU ~vvnTU(OU ncl5iou ana oll5npO~OYVnTlKOOVTIK£I~C
va I5I£p&UVoUVTOI npoe; TO napov oA·
Ace; AUoEle;.
nAorjyn07l ond oopurp6poLTO npoocXEC:; jJtAAov Bo [AVOI 15u·
von; n n~oliVTlOTl ~"'" 6opu<jlOpouI.JE TnV (30riBEtO TOU 151£9voue; O~Cpl·
KavlKou OUarr)~OToc; EVTOnt~OU (Global Positioning System: GPS) NAV·STAR TO onoio 80 oAOOllpw8Ei yupc.> olo TEAll TOU 1988 ~E tva oUvo
Ao 18 OOpu(j)opwv. T 0 T~n~O OUTOUTOU OUOTrl~aTOe; nou npoopi~ETOI ylOxPl)on ana TOUe:; noArrce;, eo KaVEt15UVOTO TOV Ko80PI01J6 TOU OTiy~Toe;
onolo15rinoTE OTly~ri TOU ClKOOITCTpa·
wpou 0& OIlOtoo!inoTE OTll.JEio TTle:;yne; I.JE OKpjf!EIO TTle:; TO~f}C:; TWV 10IJi:TPWV. Ot OOPUCPOpo< 80 ~piol<OVTOI
0& U4JC><; 20.000 xwO~tTp<.:lV OC C~I
6tO(j)DPCTIKCe:; TPOXIE:e:; 01 onOlce:; CIVOlKOTOvq.ln~E:VEe:; OC KOVOVIKO 15tOOTnIJOTO yUp<.:l ana TTlv Yll. 0 xpove><;ncpI(j)opOe; civQl 12 wpce;. Eno~cvta><;
onolo15nnoTE OTIY~n eo CiVOI l5uvoTavva AO~(30VOVTOI TOUTOXPOVO 4 15opu
(j)OPOI ana onoloonnoTE Oll~cio TTle:;Ylle:;. KaT! TETOtO EivOi OpKCTO YIC TOV
Ka80plO~O TOU YCWVpa(j)IKOU ~TiKoue;
KOI nAaToue:; TOU U4JO~ETPOU KOI TOUXp6vou (~C TnV oKpi(3cla EVOe; OTO~I
KOU poAoVlou).npoe:; TO nap6v unapxouv r)6n OE
TPOXI6 5 150pUcp6POI KOI Ovo~tv£Tal
OTI ~XPI TO TEAo<; TOU 1987 eounoPXouv 12, 01 onoiol EivOI OpKETOiVia TOV Ko80plo~a yEWypa(j)IKOU u·4JOUe:; KOI nAoTouc:; Ko8we:; Kal TTle;Wpo~.
EmKorvwvia IJE: rev 0&'/y6Ln)V oxc15iaOJ1 TOU OUarr)IJCTOC:;
CAPIN 066llKe ~<va~n npoooxli OTnV£Pyovo~io, n onoio £15w CX£I TnVEVOIO KOTO KUplO 'Aoyo Tf}e:; Euxpnorioe:; KOI TIle; ooucr,e:; OO(j)OAEIOC;.
. ETOI npon~n8rlKE va l5ivEI 0 uno·
AOYIOn;e:; ne; OU~(30UAte:; KOI m; nAil·po(j)OptEe; TOU ~£ Ol-uAia, WorE va
OVTt~cTwni~ovTOt ~£ Ocxpci'AElO 01 KU·KAO<pOPIOKtc:; OUV8nKCe:;. Aun; 11 15u·15uvOT01TJTO EnrrUVXOVETOl IJ£ TO cUOTT)I-lO OUv6EOnc:; QXt,lvric:;·
. Evo oAAo npo'Af}rTTIKO ~ETPO EivOl
OTI n o66vI1 MITOUPYEi ~avov OTavTO OUTOKiVTITO Cival OKiVTITO. TOTC
unaPXE1 n 15lNOTOT1lTO va KOOO~£1 0oonoc; TOU XOPTTl n va Q)TI10EI oe:;noUI-lE TOUptOTIKte:; nMllXXpopiEe:;.
ExoulJE r)611 OVO(j)CPCI OTt TO OU-onu.lO 15tXETOl KOVOVlKE:C:; OVOIJQOiEe:;ylO OIl~cio nPOOPlo~ou onwe:;, Regen·cy, napo'AloKOc;, Brighton, ETOI WOTC
&v unapXEI TOoo EntTOKTlKTi ovaYKnva nEplYPOq:lEi TO orWEio npooplO~OU
O£ ~oip£e:;, npwTO Kat iSEUT£pc1 Atmao TouToXPovo TO OUOTTWO npo·ano8d ~E onAte:; EpWn;O£IC:; va avo·KoAul/JEI TIC; OKpt(3Wc; 8tMl ana aUTO
o oonva~.
Mnopei ytO napOocll-lo va oUI-lf3oUvTO nopOKOTW: 0 oollyac; etAEI va
Ta~ll5tllJEt ona Tllv naAI1 Gloucesteroro ~Evo60x£io Manor TOU Cheltenh·am. MnoivEI oro oUToKivnTo TaU KOI
P6~Cl TOV lIJll(j)IOKO iSiOKO ~vr'wnc:;
(CD·ROM) 0 onoioe:; nEPtE:XEI TO Gloucester KOI TO Cheltenham OTT)v ~o
VOOO avoyvwol1C; 4J1lq:lIOKWV 6iOKWV.B6~cl I-lnpooro TO ouen-TWO KOI OTnV060vl1 ElJq:lavi~ovTOI TO nopOKOTW:
- KAAOI OPIIEI HO CARIN- lIlAAEE THN 1I0YAEIA noy
0EAEII- 1. XAPII':H IIIAIIPOMHI- 2. TOYPIHIKEI nAHPOCl>O-
PIEI- 3. AAAEI AEITOYPriEII:rnv ouvtXEIQ 0 oonv6c:; nAnKTpo·
AOYEi ·1 ... To OUOTIl~ anovro£t:
IE nAPAKAAO KAOOPIIE MOYTO IHMEIO EKKINHIHI. 0 oonvOc;nATlKTpoAoy£i TO OVOI-lO TOU 15pOI-lOU
KOt TO nAI1o!i:oTEPO orWEio I.JETQ~U
TI-lIWOTWV.
IE nAPAKAAO nEI MOY noynHrAINOYME
nOAH; 0 oOnvOc; n~n'Tpo~ov<i
·Cheltenham".
OIlOI H npOOPIIMOI; 0 oonyoe; nAnKTpOAOYEi "~Evooox£io Manof'lll .
o unOAOYloniC;; 1510'AtY£1 OTTlv OU·
veXElo TIlV KOAUTCPIl 610iSpol-lri KOI
TrW on0811KEuEl 0TTl I-lvri~1l TOU. Tw·
po 0 oI511yac:; ~nopEi va (3VQA£1 ana
TnV l-lov6iSo TOV lIJnq:lIOKa 15iOKO (CD·
ROM) KOI VO (30MI av etAEI tvov
4J1lq:lIOKO 15iOKO ~OUOIKriC;.
Ana TnV orlVl-ln nou 80 napEI I-lnpo
am TO OUTOKiVI1TO TO CARIN eo KQ
60611yEi TOV 06rly6 npoe:; TOV npoopl
~6 TOU XPI1011-l0nolwvroc: TI1V ~VO
60 ouve<011~ ov6pWnI\II)C; Cj)WVTi~.
rTO I-lEMov TO nATlKTpOA6yIO 6aavnKoTooro8Ei one I-lia 066VI1 o<pnc;.
TOTE eo EivOI OUYOTOV va l5£ixvcI 0
KOBtVQ(; nou etAel va nopel novw
ctvo XaPTll n va (3PEI KOI va I5Ei~EI
TO OVOI-lO £V6c:; 15POI-lOU OE OAq:lo(3nn·
KO EUpEn;pIO, onOTE ana CKE! KOI
ncpa OVaAOI-l~aVEI 0 unoAOYlorriC;;.
no'AAoi ona OOC; iowe:; VOlJi~£TE on
aUTO Eivol aVElpa ylO TO I-ltMov Opt
Ol-ltvwv I1AEKTPOVlKWV. To CARIN
OCV CiVCl OVCtpo Eivol I-lio TExvOAOyl
Kri npOVI-l0TlKOTTlTO n6vw OlTlv onoio
n Philips 150UACUEt ytO va 111<:; iSOO&1
TTlv TEAlKn me:; ~oP<Pri·
Ixf/po 9. nwc; 6ouAt:u£1 TO CARIN arollp6~o (nfXXXPopOme; Philips).
'YOTcpa an6 TO ap6po TOU npo~vou~CVOU TCUXOU~ nou aVa~Cp6TaV OT~V KaTaOKCUD~~ nAaKtTTa~ vpa~~~aTWV OTO 50 ap6po aUTD~ T~~ oClpa~ eo aoxoA~eou~c ~C TOVnpovpa~~aTlo~6 T~~ 6IaTa~~~. 0 ono;o~ c;val anapa;~To~ VIa T~V an060TlKDACITouPvia TOU GOP Ka, TWV aAAwv KUKAw~aTwv ~~ nAaKtTTa~.
nAaKETTa vpa~n~aTWV
U\IlnAnC; ~laKpITIK6TnTac; - 5
23HOST SYSTEM
11/0 DISTRIBUTOR IINPUT OUTPUT....- ....,~
-+ 1. normal KEYBOARD input 1.IIDUu.d2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. ...-3.. ..... . ....... .. ..... of. C.nlfonics print••5.. .... . .. _ . . ..... 5 . . ...
" . . . . . . . . .. ..
.._ROUT
KlYbo¥d -r--..'""ut .. / VOU lohw....IOftw•••
TEXTG~i
~, ~'.KlYeo.rd 1(0 -- VOU c..-d
II1III11 1 1- ~00:-, •. ..
~ -JEO,,'''' -IJlI-
I'5127·1
LXr1J.10 23 H CIOQywyrj TIK nNlKtrroeYPOq>rlJ.10TWV KOI TOU
J.lCTOtpPOOTlKOU T'lenpoYPoJ../l.lOTOe (interpreter) YIO TOV6502 oc tva ooOT11/..10 KOraVO/..lr1e I/Oi5cv civOi no'\u ncpin'\oK11. 'Iowe O~l,El
va 1510T11P11Sci oc'\C1TouPyia r) n'\oKtTTO VDU nou ;PrJunoPxcl KOf va XP'I
olJ./onol'leci 'I nJ.oKtTTO ypaCPr)J.lOTWV/..10'10 Yla TO ypacPrj·/..IOTa. npoe TOUTOeo XPeIOOTCI TPonOnoinor) J.lio J,JOVO 61cu9uvor) OTO npoypafJIJO TOO auv£pyo~OJ.lCVOU uno)cYfani. npOKCITOI 6'1,\a6ri ylo mv 61€uSuvC1r/ TOU KOroVCJ.lr)Trj I/O 11 onoionpoonc'\ouvcl Tr)VpouTivo CHROUTTaU video interpreterTr)f; n'\oK£TTOf;YPotpT)J.lOrwv.
T6 npoypol./I./O CAEyXOU TWV ypacprwoTwlI. ncu ana clSw Kat m:pa eoTO anOKO'\OUI./£ "lIideo interpreter(I.I£TOcppaOTtKO npoypa~~o OnTlKOUor'II..1(lTCX;) onOTd,drat ana KOTt ).tyo
TCpa ana 4kbytes KOOtKO ~IlXOVT1e;
ylO TOV 6502 KOI unoPxcl OT'lV ~1I1l~1l
TOU uno).oYIOlIl nou ouv.CPYO~CTOI IlCTO OUOTIWO.
no TIlIi KOTOIIOl')Oll null 6106COIl./Wlicvrol\wv nopoywynC; TaU OfTTIKOU <JT1IJOTQc; (video commands), £illOI XPIloq.Jo va XPIl0l1l0natl160uli ylO OIlOCPOpo at nilloK£e; nou tXOUIi lSl1lloolcU€lEi ora nPCl'lVoUlElIO TEUxn. H nAcn~nn
yo cntKlOOll OE t'fflXU4.JO a:. T1£pry~iOlO cnol./£vo TCUXCX;. To npoypa~~o
OTO onoio OIlOCPCPO\JOOlC c6w n£pl).0iJl3ollel KOI OA£C; TIC; CVTOAEe; YlO
XPnOIl I.Ie TTlV nAOKtno evxpw~ou KItTOI 6ev 60 XpclooTei npoo6eToc;nPOYPo~IJOTlojJOC; OTOV ouvlSe6ei auTTl Tl n.\OKtno.
o video interpreter emTptn£1 0TTlIInAaKcno ypaCPl1lJOTwv va A.ClTOUPYCICiTC oav T£PIlOTIKO K£I\JCIIOU £ITeoav T£PIJ0TtKO ypaCPTlIJOTwv Tl Kat 0011TO lSuo 1l0~1, TOllTOXPOVQ. ITIlIi ncpImWCIl Tile; ).CITOupyKJe; VlO K£tIJ£VO.Tl 080VTt OpyOVWVCTOt oc 32 YPCllJlJee;KOt 80 OTTlM:C; cvw 0TIl ).ClTOUPYtOypaCPTlIJOTWV Tl 0861111 6lOIpeiTOI oc512 x 256 Ii 512 x 512 pixel. ~e
6UVOT0TtlTO emAoYric; 16 XPWiJOTWIIITtlv nepimwoll ouvlSuoo~ou K£IIJC1I0U Kat YPClCPTlI./OTWV, 6£'1 XPCIG1~eTOI
nAtov va eival OUlilSciJEVO onololSrinOte ~£XWPtOlO TCPiJOTIKO. 00'1 TOElecterminal 11 Ttlll nAoKtno VOu.
H IJ£TOYWYIl ana Ttlv A£ITOUPYIOK£llJeliOU 0TIl1i ovnOlolXIl YPOCPIlIJ(iTWV OCII XP£ta~eTal KUKAWIJOTlKI1 pu61J10Tl, oAAo YllieTCI ono TO npoypajJ~O lJe IJIO ol-iJoo etuKwv unopouTt·VWII. Emol1<;, 0 interpreter 1JI'l0pCI' VOOUV6uOOl£i CUKO).O jJ£ TllV BASICnou 'l61l unopxel YIO TOil OUII£PYO~OlJevo unOAOVI0Ttl, nou npenel va fklO~CTOI OlOIi 6502.
rio TIlIi £uKoAOT£PIl KOTOIiOIlOIl, 60IJnopouool./e '10 8ewprioouIJe Tall video interpreter 00'1 EVa £KTUnWnl(printer) nou 6txeToi KWlSlKec; nouOIiTIOTOIXOUV eiTe oe OACPOPI6I./TlTtKoUC; xopoKnipec; eire O£ eIlTo'\£:c;YPClCPTlIJ(iTWV. ITtlIl OUIIEX£IO, 0 videointerpreter £KT£Aei TtC; avoYKoiec; A£tTouPyi£C; YIO 110 e~Q)OvloTOUIi onw
080"'l 01 OIiTiOTOIXOt XOpOKTnpec; n 01OvriOTOtXOI oUII6uooIJoi YPO~IJWII KOIoTl~iwlI. npCX; TOUTO, 0 interpreteroTtAliel TIe; KOTOAATlA£e; £VTOAtC;OlOV GOP KOI·OC llepiKOUC; l3oll6r}n·KOUe; KOToxwPIlTec; OTTlV nAOKtTTOYPCl<PTlIJOTWV navrwc;, ., OUOIOOlIKIllSKlCWpa IJ£TO~U TOU interpreter KOI£110<;: cKTunwTTl £llIat OTt 0 interpreter
XPIlOljJonOL£1 TOV ouv£Pya~6~£vo unOA.oYIOTTl ylO Ttlv £KTt).eoll TWV £Vro).wv, ellw 0 eKTUnwnlC; XPl10ljJonOt·el Yl' oUTTl Ttlll 60UAe:tO TOV evowlloTWjJEVO O· OUTOII IJIKpocne~epyoOlri.
Meni Ttlll EVOP~Tl AeIToupyiae;, 0interpreter l./eToY£TOl novTO oe AelTOuPyio KellJtllOU. cn£llSr; iJOVO ouTOC; 0 Tponoc; £mTpEnel TTlv e:iooooKOI TTl QIIOYVWOTl TWII 6e60IJEVwv TOUOUOlriiJOTOC;, nplv ~noptoel va E;CKIvr;oel onOloO';nOTe npOYPOlll./O
YPOCPTlIlOTWII.ITIlIi AelToupyio K£I!JtIlOU, 11 0601111
Y£lJi~£1 KOVOVIKO ana TTlII £oollW aplOlepri yWllia (6tol1 enollocpopOC;, home position), OKpll3W<; onwc; yilieTaIIJ£ TO OUVTt61QiJtllO T£p~aTIKo video11 £KTunWOTle;. OAOt 01 runonouwtval £Aevxoi TOU 6poIJeo, onwc; £ivOlTO CR (£moTp<XP1l KIVI1TOU carriagereturn), IF (vca ypa~jJ'l, line feed)Kat BS (ov06IXljJn, back space) unapxouv, KOI ouvunOAOYI~TQI nM}Pwc; TO IJtye60c; TWII XOpaKTriPWIlnou oneiKOvi~OIlTQI ETOI. OTav £Xe:l0PIOT£t i51nAoOlo IJEy£60e; XOpaKnipWV, Tl ellTOAri IF, ylO nop6lS£tYIlO,eo tX£1 eniol1C; "lSlnMolo IJtye60e;".
H oPYOVW<JT1 TTlC; 08oVIlC; OTIlIi AelTouPyio YPClCPIlIJOTWV oPxi~£1 ana TTlVKOTW 0ploTepr; yWllia, Onou 8cwp£iTOlan X = y = O. AIITi6eTO iJe TTlV
IV.....1~, ./........'
.""--
IIIII1111
--Oilp.-oq4eo>l
~.1
--. ......, 1JlO""",,
t1",.,,."",
..,"S..'"",,'S
J••uudIP!UOJIUr.>'.,,'",.,..:::::~..
,,,,,,,:::::~ "",,
.,In
---- '1NJ.no1nclNI
Ill01nSIll1SI00/11
W31SASlSOH
'(nolA-OyOdHllJyUAMdf,u>l-rxtoXIJth/J'()n0990-13~lJrl3AD.10>lA010I013>10!dglJy'(pH·(~lMUn.ill3CAlmOd)n099}3/#lJrl3A010NA01D1D13NDfdgarlH'~101A.o'(ounnOA-3rl9~0A.d3AnonOlortrlodA.9du010:>130-A(l9I13190(19A(I010-ol3dX09lJolJlou
-ouodl'AMd~lNOd
-oXAcyNl1lJrlgldD<byo10>llIJAM1orlIJdJodli
9NI10rld31orloA91-no0.\;1AooAnoo(lA.-dnOJJ3'(OA:J1J0!U3
A(lodourl(JSISJdJSIUjOSP!")orlrlodA.9du9NUooddJw.3rl01IONAMlprllJcbodA.011;1)1
-o'(uH'''~orl~Xl'
D>I'~)I1\010')~rlllMOX~10>1(1001-3rt!;>douIOlI\O?I;>13dXI\3Q)Odl,ll>100-oXOI\QrlOl\~QUO31011\I;>U1011\,:!OY31-OUOJS)SJdJStU!OSP!I\nOlnOl\y~rt13>1
:J~Y011\310'nOl\3rt13>1:JoAdno113YI\~Y011\3I\MlUl~Y3rtI\lJJ.OIA'I\~Xn31I\MI\3rt,:!oAuoduI\Ml.)3>101\1U:)nOiD!;>dOOOI\OUurtlol,ldXlD,,!3~Q3
nOA3r113~
:>D!AdnoU3'(:>~'(0.1A3
'!:UOIAoyounnOl\3rt9?DAd3l\nonOl
.JUrll,lJ\rllJJ.dl;>XnOll,llhdorll,lI\OSlUOlrl
I3AXI3QSlor1\JXl01'~~~a"'08~a
lJOrlAI3Q!?dOUolA'Ocil2XQdu1\00~'v'~.JLul,JXold3UlJYYl;>OIOUI?>I!3e-lJdlJJ.OIQDI\13U~du0e'~30I\':!en31Q
.Ju.J31no,0~Otld3o!nQUo13j3dlJStaJdHttU!0:Jooo"'"'Odl3X<;>du"00;H:::JO'''09:::JO.J130:,le~1'3r1f.lOU.Jo'3"lJdloOS':::J:::J:::Jo"'oaroUONlen31QI\luOUO13Xdl;>unnou'salAq>l~,,('1)1
JataJdJalU!1\01olAV\fv~.JwlaXoK:t3uH:Of1AI3QI?dOU'(asn~OleJ:>s)IJolJdXlJdl3XoduolAnOl('I)l\l?uQUOod(')X
orllo~eolQoA1Y13Xa01\CIA'V"l'v'tI.Jl.ut.JXOId3UI\luoJalaJdJ9tU!0peud(')X-010>101100319900I\DilJOS'~3Nll
I\(')dl;lrloooulwud~Xolo>lOIA10>1lJrl-l.JI\rlUd13Xt;>du1\00JDll\OOlOUOrllOIJdXnou'urlO>lOsa~;;'qovOYYI?nOU!d3U101-3?D13dXJalaJdJa)u!0':J(,)lI\I?U'l£Llnoun1V\l0~d3O!rl30orlrlodAQdu01olno1303d(')X0"3O,:!odour1oe<;>UO>lO1\01l\<;>lno,IA31<;>UO'l,l101AoyounnOI\-3rlQ?oAd31\nOnOl.JUrll,J.I\r1salAq>l~
QUOOd31QAlY131\I?fjr10Y010>lJstaJd-JalU!O'nOll,ld>dorlOO':!OdDUI\LJ11
'(I\(,)iAI;>UlJoUlou
-OAd3A3"<II-aZlleIl1Ul)l\lllNI1013~
-1;>1101\0ol\!lnodu~nollQujuyU>l:,lolog~g13Y310UO1\3'iJ':JDl1~>lOYU:J1Ji.)nod~rlQO>lll\odDl3YUnOl10>1jOlon-rlr;>dAodun01:JO!Adn0113Y')LJjdol\~
O]OO>llQOIQI\luI;>dodloJa~aJdJatu!n0101\11nodDOnod~roD1Ql\3DlrllIVY'V,
'M1J;)>lodou3rlnool,uLJ?nODl\oj010e10>1oilul00oUODinYQUO1O.....!31\3Q01nooyyo'l,l1ooAd3j3U3nOI\3rlc;>?-oAd3"nonOl)4'v'3H8ol\!inodI\Ui3rl13jOIdlOl01\olAi:JAOrldDOOduoIOUJ;)>I1\010?0l3dXoeJalaJdJa)u!0:J01Q!a
'(Vlorl~Xl)~o1luQlod
-:uodu00130010>1'~(aorll,uonon01
0/1.J1301\nen31Q')~>l113Xo.)u~3'YQ
3X!31d3Uoenou0/1.)l,lr101\0IQoJ\!l-nodDtI113iDUOOr1odAoou01\<;>>111\091"01Uoe'')LJj01J;)IQ:Jlu:Jl,unoIJoU!OU-olooAoduI\UiD1J'J8laJdJalu!oap!1\nOlMO:;ml\(')ll?r1LJdlDdAoLL;nlOyu"lu3rl130LJI\MI\IO>lIU30"!3dour101\31D~
luolAoyoun01\3r1o?oAd3MO1\010
lnOtlHOID>IdNlttHO1\(')11?"onl\o1\(')101\<;>"UOU!OUOUOd11\01Q?013dXoe01n01.)OOU'(lndu!JapeJel.l0)dNIH-HOla'l\(')dl,u>lOODX.)l.Jo(')i\AJ;)I\O01\-unodO!rl!39dl3yfjodu13X~'l,uolAoy-ounnOI\3J1<;>?oAd3MlOnOlQ>lI1Drld31"00IO.l1310UOrlloUdXI\M1r;>r1ud:lOdADiJ.:,l>l0YUUnoulaoowld3uI\LJ11'(£Lor1l,lXl)1390QI\noX~n01nou
I\Mll?rllJdlodA')~QlI\3J11!3y31>13~(nOl\;lnI3>10!Adnol13Y)jlJJ\Qeo.)Lu
')130~9:J3XlOlO!iAO:JliD:J3dl,u>lodoX:J':!o>ll1urle1doroyo13?1I\txbr13'orlOI\Ql
m
U!ijC!utl
IXI.
-no:J~Y3iA310>1I\Ml1;>r1LJdlodADli~>I
-oyuI\lJJDIOl1\Ol\nen3UOnou1I0S'v'')3>11QM)l.)nOl.)ooyo1013X3'Q''(Uldtno
JalOBJe4JlnotjHO10113YO>lnou':JIJo(')Ur:U>l30"unOO3unDIn1\0013?-r;>IOrloeJalSJdJa~u!0'lwogJ;)10)4-:J3ulOy<;>un.)11QUODlludJ;>j31\0OOQ
')~1no,uoO!rl3el?>I':!odlo'I\~lAdnOl
-13yMI\I?UOOOUI\M1lJj1T11?1\0LJd3e':!3Y-3131\1A01\!3douV\l'OlDrll,ldlodADiD
lJJ.!dlLJ~1\3'0l\3rl13>1010T;)>lIUniI\nO>l-l,lI\O:J3!Adn0113Y00Q:J31~du10
':J3YOiA3:J;l)UQI'louo1013?-!doeO>l~UC;>'i\rur;>rtud>rxlA.)lJJ\<;>eo.Jlu013r1lio.)aduO!3J1lJo.)oXA3y3,•
'(U"3r1Q?uor1rlodAodu101\!3:>O1011!0-UfjOO~DI\O01lu<;>I\XnoU)13"l,lfjOOgOI\-0nouO:,lT1odQ:)c;>1\3lIoLJI\!>l013l1laX-I01D!iAO10>1UOSV1\(o)>llQ<'l>llJrtll,ly•
'J\~Yluo08/I\~rlrlooA
l£LJ()(I'Jl\oAdo311lJ"99030IIOSV0>1-1~>In01I\Mdl,u>lodoXUOli\Q>l13UV•
,:J31Adn0113Y:Jl,lj3.)11131\1?>IJSlaJdJatu!oap!1\0'I\OUlOYJ;)>ll1Dr1ood3ur1nl'ltw-IAoyounnoI\3rl<;>~oAd3I\(lDn01nOlA-oyod1>luyun0100311ID.i/loAI?013nou:J3dlJJ.>lOOoX.)n01I013X3QnounOQ
-9013OI\!1nod0!11131~e[)lQJalaJdJal-U!oap!1\0'Q>lliorld31Q>luLJrleldomyo1\00!3eLJlOuonloLJdX01\:JLJO!U313dourll\(')l1;>J1UdlodAol1~>lOyUU.)~eO)4
'.)noe'XJlJoO!Q3XoLJd>dor1Q011130MI\DU'DI1~dX01\:,lrlr1odl031\030no"-:,lrl13>1n013el\:,l:J<;>1\30r1AI3Q!;>dDUOIA'o1AdnOlrlUQI\UiolA:Jn010!00Ad31\-noLJl,uOMQ:J(,)ll\J;lU1OI\!3'.)UI\Qe-0LJj011?1QID>I:J:;lY011\3')~>l113dod:lDlQ
vZ;
.J(')Y3iA3l\oolooorlloLJdX1\(')1QrlllmOClA
10>1n01\3rl13>1:J3!AdnOlI3Y1010>1I\'v'
0/1Ae,n3~OnOMlA3r1-9~DAd3AnoAl'l.1l,ir10AD.1D~H
)1\13118~~)3y~~1\IOrlrlQdA01lOA-3ylU313X3QUO>lO1\01I\QlnoDIA'1\(')1
-9'1LJdmdA.)01Adn0113Y.)lJJ.I\~YO.1J\3
1\(')1l,ldlooAld3UI\laiD'(')11;>>lOOoU131\
-omDe~UQn01\3rt13>10!Adn0113Y3013rh:,KfWIU301\OIA13e1l1oQ01ortlJo01\13U3duJalaJdJa)u!caP!1\0X3NIlNI)4'V3t:t8orlnl\l,lrl0113At;>dDUOIS-'V8la1\010')4'v'3~8nod.i>ll,lyun01(')o~rlI\Ml0rllJroodA.)OlDr1r1l;>dAodu.JC;>1\3UUO>lOIQI\laloi3rlnOI\:,lr113>10!Adnoll3YLJolon01noID13A:,lY1U3110lJrho,un13ed>lJy1\0':J~l\od>odu
IOII!301n'V'nol\3r113>1OlAdnol13YU13XdOldn)l'Jr1oo3d>OJ\oodu.)(')UQ,
n01\3rl13>10lAdn0113Y30orlluono0113d3dlOl\OU310>1O!OU-001ttOortlJoDI\313101"OOn3DI\IdX3rl'A.(IuOOlJdlodA"")yOiA31\~10"
-nQ1\(')1/l(')yol.JD3Y~1ll3U10>1LJooddl-013r1la10i.U33d11U3(sssooeleuO!S!-l\oJd)l,ll\ldMOoduI\luo~1\3'nol\~rlI3>1
D1Adn0113'(lJorlll\Orl1013U!3yol0>l-A3(ssaooesnoaue)uelSu!)O!DlrlAl1OI\lul'l,ll\ldMOoduI\LJ110>1O!DlrlAIWI\LJi:~uoDY;Juoodu':J3ilJ1Ql0AnQo':!Q13X~1\(')1T;>r1ud>ooAoiAdnol13YH
'.):,Kf130:Jtl10>1:J3rlrlodA.)11olAlll\O'(luaw.6as)Orll,lr1110>1(laXld).)01\0>113Ol3X-10lD(UoneU!ISapued):JOM~U.)c;>rto
-Idoodu::JnOl1\00lodQIOiA':!010UOrl-loLJdX~Q3'I\M1i;>rlLJcbodAO!Adno113Y
VDU SOFTWARE
ALPHAOR
GRAPHICDISPLAY
8S127·3
..-.~ ;~- ..'.~--
Vpa<PIl~TWV KI 0XI OlOV olNcPYo~o
I.ICVO uno'\oVIOTri· H IJCTOq:lOpa TIle;IJvrilJl1e:; TIle; nMlKtnoe; Vpac.pfllJ(iTwvarov ouvcPva~ol.lcvo uno"-OVtOn; eolSlCUKoAUVC av cnpOKclTo va KOTOXWPI18£i cva QVTlypaq:lO TTle; unopXOuoae; IJvrU.lIle; oc c510Ko ri OC TOIVo. riava c5loJ3aOTcl OIJWC; TO ncpIEX0I.lCVOTile:; ~vri~fle; OlOV OUVcpvo~o~VO uno'\OVlOTTl, nptnci KOI fl lSlKKl TaU1JVf)1JI1 (RAM) va lSI06tTCI c"-cuEJcpa64 Kbytes, KI aUTO VO I.IIJ on"-ri CIKOva 16 XPWIJOTwv, npaYlJa noo c.poiVETOI untPJk)'\IKO. Eivol c.pavcpO on 80IlTOV anooonKoTcpo va OVTtYlX1c.puolIl oA'\fl'\ouxio CVTO'\WV nopaywvrie;TIle; tlKOvat; Kl OXI fl tc5to fl CIKOVOnou UnciPXCI 0TllV I.IV1lIJIl TOU GOP.0a ~nopoUoc va c~OIKOVOlJfleci KIoMCX; xwpoe; ov 0'\01 01 xwpie; Ol'WO
aio KWOlKEe; ASCII, onwe; EivOI TO LFKOI TO c5loOTt'U.lOTO, c5cv KOTOXWPIl80uv a' OUTOV TOV anolJovwn; EVTO
'\wv. M' OUlrlV Iflv IJt6060 oVTIvpac.prie;, oxclSov nOTE c5cv eo XPCtOOTOUV ntpIOOOTtpo ana 16Kbytes
1.lVl'il.lfle; Via TIlV OVTlVpac.pri Kat KOIOXWPflOfl uno IJOpc.pr;v aMfl'\Ouxiae; EVTQ'\wv VPOq:lflIJOTWV QKOI.IIl Kal TTle;no'\un'\oKOTEPfle; clKOvae;. Ac.pou n,\tov txouv KOTOXWPfleti 01 cVTOMe;OUTEe; 0Tllv IJvrilJl1 TOU ouvEPvo~6~E-
VDU cerd
SCRATCH
KUTCH
IO'TWARE
BASICWORKSPACE
BASICINTERPRETER
K..,.~'dI/O
25
L_-1 DOS 1/0 DISTRIBUTOR
120 PRINT CHRS (4) -C3, 51, 1130 REM final CR will140 REM restore text mode150 PRINT "enter your choice, please"
EVO'\'\OKIIKO, 01 vpalJl.IEe; 120 KOI150 8a IJnopouaav va ypoqK>UV ov:120PRINT CHRS (4) -C3-150 PRINT CHRS (20) -enter yourchOice, please»
L'1IJCIWOTC on 11 xpr;Ofl lWV CHRS(17) KOI CHRS (18) YI' ourov TOVOKono CIVOI no'\u '\lyOTCpO KOIJl.Jlriana TTlv xpnon TTl~ CHRS (4), nonOlo KaTO~IlVCI 0' CVO IJtKpOreponpoypa~o.
H CHRS (1) ~Ta<PEPEI TO ncplCx6!.tcvo TOU OnTlKOU onolJovwnl OTOVGOP, yla va CKTC"-COTEi I.IC IJCvo'\fl10XUTIlIO
H CHRS (2) ovoiyci ri K'\EivEI TIlvncPtoxri TOU OnTlKOU ono~vwnl (AEI10upVio r.p,\in-q:l,\on).
01 c5uo aUTte; tVTO'\Ee; XPElO~OVTQl
I.ICplKte; nopanEpa cnc~llvriocle;. LEEva 1J0voxpw~o ouarfl~o, lJia o8ovflloOOuvolJE;i I.IC 16Kbytes IJvril.lfle; TOUGOP. Mc 8 xPW~OTO IRGB) XPClO~OVTOI 48Kbytes KOl IJC 16 XPWIJOTO(RGBI) XPEIO~OVTOI 64K bytes. YncveUlJi~OU~E on aUTEe; 01 nEploxte;I.IV~lJflt; unoPXouv OTflv n'\oKETTo
ASCII IJIKPOTEPC~ ana TO 20HEX (32aro c5CK0c51KO). Luvriewe; ovoYPcupQvTOI OTO c5cKoc~ac51K6 OUOTru.lO, Kl eTOI'1 00 Cival Il CnlOTPO<pri TOU KlVIlTOUI CR), n OB cival n cnavacpopO (BSIK.'\n. H aVTioTolXIl OlJwt; ori~ovori
TOue; OTllV BASIC CiVOI OTO c5cKoc5u<oouonwo, onOTC 01 napanovw £VTOA£~ ypO!jlOVTOl CHRS (13) KOI CHRS(8), ~£ nponopcuo~VIl an aUTtt;TIlV CVTO"-Il PRINT.
01 CVTOA£~ CHRS (8).. CHRS (13)Kal CHRS (26)... CHRS (29) onoTC
"-ouv TUTKHlOIIlI.lEVOU~ xapaKTlllXe; c'\cvxou TOU omlKOU arUJClTO<; KOI 6E:vXp€IO~OVTOI ncplOOOT£pa OXO'\IC, cKIO<; TOU OTt npooapI.lO~OVTOI auTO~TO OTO CKOOTOTC cmAcVlJcvo I.ltYt80<; xopoKTi)pwv.
01 CHRS (17) Kal CHRS (18) ~Tayoov TIlV n'\oKtna YPoc.pIl~OTWV at'\tlToupyio KCI~£VOU KOI ypoc.plll.l0TWV, ovnarolXo.
H CHRS (20) cnov0<pcpCI TO IJcyc60~ TWV XOpaKnlPwv OTO O.OXIOTOAPxi~ovTae; one ~IlTpa TWV 8 x 5Ol1~iwv, 01 xopoKTT)ptt; ,.mopouv va~cyceuv60uv CiTC KOTOKOpU<pO CiTeOPI~OVTtO, XPIlOl~OnOlWVTQt; Illv cvToM YPOc.pIl~6TWV s. H CVTO"-Il KCII..lf;YOU CHRS (20) ri TO 14HEX tnova<ptpouv OIJEOwt; TO ypci~~OTO OTO t"-OXlOTO IJtvc6CX;, aoxcro IJC TO IJtVt60e; nou Eixov nplv.
H CHRS (4) KOVCI o'\oue; TOUe;Kwc5IKCe; ASCII nou I3PioKoVTOI OVOIJCoa o· ourr;v KOI OTOV KWOlKO CR voCKTC'\OUVTOl OOV CVTO'\Ee; VPOq:lIlIJOTWV. H CR EnOVOq:lEpcl Tllv '\EITOUPvia KEII.lEVOU. a Kwc5lKoe; CHRS (4)
tivOl lc510iTCpO XPrlOt~~ Via TIlV ~1~1l
TOU XpWIJOTOe; TaU J3a60ue; IJE unEpTI6q.lcVO KEilJCvO Il Via TIlV a.UoVIlIJcVE60ue; XOpOKlrlPWV 0' cva
KOTO"-°VO
Yn06cOTc, VKl nopcic5tlVl.lo, OTt unOPxcl fl '\ClToupyia KCIIJEVOU KOIOTrw 060Vfl 80 clJepavlOTci EVOe; KOlo"-oyoe; npoypalJl.I0TWV (programmenu). 01 xapotmipce; npEnEI va cXOUV c5tnMJOto lltyc6o<; KOI KOKKIVOXPWIJO. KOTW ono TOV Kom'\oyo npcnCl va ClJ(povlOTci fl q:lpaOl1 -enteryoor choice please", OE I.In'\c XPWlJO,IJ£ KOVOVIKOU IJcvt60Ut; XOpaKTIlPte;o npoYPoIJIJOTtO~6<; TOU IJcyt600e;TWV XOpaKn;pWV j.mopci va ViVEI 1.10VO OTfl 1I.£lTOupyia ypaq:llllJ(ilwv KI CTal fl '\ClTOUPyio KElIJtvou eo nPEnEIva CyKor01l.£tc.pTEi Via N.VO, VIC vaI.Inouv 01 OXCTtKte; CVTO'\Ee:; vpaq:lflIJOTWV, TWV onoiwv eo nPOflvciTOI flCHRS (4):10 REM colour red ( ~ 6)20 REM double sized characters30 REM normal height40 PRINT CHRS (4) -C6, $2, ,
50 REM final CR Will60 REM restore text mode70 PRINT "MENU... "
90 REM end of menu100 REM colour blue ( ~ 3)110 REM normal sized characters
IxnJ,lO 25. H j.lETacpopO. c5Ec5oj.lEVWV 0'
EVo oucmwa nouXP'IaIJ,lOnOfEi tvaOAq>aPfBj.l'lTlKO TEPJ,10nKO (0' ourrl TrlVnEpinTwO'l 'I nAoK&rrO VOU J.1O~1 j.lETO OXETIKO npoyPDJ,1J,lO) OUV TrlV nAOK&TTO YPOCP'lJ,10TGJV KOI
TO J,lETOCPPOOTlKOTry<; npaypopJ,lO [interpreter) 01 EVTOAte; ypocpmxiTGJV, 6nc.x; TunwyovTtJI (1
KOf 1') ana tvonp6ypalJ.j.lo BASIC.onoortAAovrol OTOVKOTOVEIJ.'ITr} J,ltaGJTOU Interpreter ~J,1E
TOCPPOOTIKOU npoYPOWOTOe;) me; BASIC (2 KOI 2') KalKOTomv, mUToxpova, 0'10 npoYPQIJIJOT'1~ VOU (3) KOIOTOnpoypoJ,lJ,lO ypor,o'lJ,lOTGJV (3'). AvciAoyo
J,1E mv 6/0TO~1J TOUKOTOVEj.l11Tr} EIOO60u, 01 XOpm<TrlPEe;,onGJe; TOUe; 6ivE/ TOnA'IKTpoA6YlO, (6),KOTEUBuvOVTOf EiTEoTT/v VDU EiTE OTOnpoypoJ,lJ,lO ypor,o'lJ,lOTGJV (CHRINP TOUIXrlJ,lQTOe; 24).
..-...----~-------_.-'....,..1.."......0..1
I...........~OI.:>IH.......D
1....",)1l'f'1I0UAlIWlIOoMU
~,IlIhlH:)
~l.......,
U..IMI
~ OJO'"1I1101l1""I.O""lI~
,..IllnH3
IIl1"ru"A"'''''O010111
r'""_,,,0...:>0••no"
0
".-,use.1_,,-_1 Yo••...'OU.OII3'......O
I-~I._lIOU...~.._..
~-",or~~
,~.
••H....~
1I.0.,.ft_O.ll''''
1.0"1....'-'--i n.(lllNll:l
....""'... .....'..'llll.G1...
f.....·.011I1 1101..:>0•••_
q
•.-lU.
I{.....~..l'tO.,I..........OI.:l'......tI
I
I~~i:
(......, UYo'.O!lU...OMO",,
1......1.,....n•
~ 11.0..,...O'll'A
(.0.'....~~n,
....01'1........'..'00.0'...
r-""u"OUI..0...:>0•••_
e9l
rom
OIS~85lLL(I)
S~H~lNlljd(.Iya.J.·113011'13rt1391\l>f31
10>1JataJdJalU!oap-,,,AD.LQUO1O.L3XA~y
-3/,unoO,VD>I'9O'9H·1\(".L~n1I.utJDdAD.Lq>l-oyu1\1110!3ed3dJ
-D.L3r101\CIA<<d08n01I\~YO.LA301
-.L~>lOU»011;1(Jaunqaap!,,):JLJr1(J/lrl5/plI.LlJO(Jl(1')I\OrlOU
-3AOJ.guolD.13A!JJ'3
5(1)U9>1110rllJXO131\X
-!39:;)~OrlI,JX701'(l)Sl:::lH:J(JyO.L1l3
OIrt3rt9UO:>iD,1,019
-no0-9>1191313AIOI\;
nov'(J1DIAoyounno,
-3rl9)oAd3I1nono:JIJrl(Jl\rl(J.LClMOrlOu,
110.101O.L3dJpdAI1I\,
daDnolWOlA331
-9>11.l9pdoao>l/31\
-!3[;99<:orl/,lXI0
.Pll39nou1D1I\O?/."l1\39daDn0153!Au-010pyyo'I\(l).lprlu,-DdAOl.q>lOYU11/1
13XA;J'(3Jap:JJdJ<~
-u!aap!/\,009l0
-(iXxD.lI"9lorll,JX,
lJUUDMllilJlJxlJ?ldd1\~~011\3AC'H1103~~1)13H"(Ja)jJewpua)~0~~1lloW9Q010rllJDI\W13dfl01\ldX~rl'~31\]lnodoun~~)llQ133rto!rl~oduo]rl!3~31)13~1110)1'l,!~011\3o!rl~adu0!r1'1\C?~01A3I\(¥Uo]Xno~uyyo
I\W13i'?flolQ'l,!lMI\OrlOUOnOl~l,lXdo
lJOAn8(131QI\W13dfl01\131\X,?m~l,u
-(')l\o11ouo0'(l)SIdH:).1Nllddl,iY011\3DIr113g,?~(lOd)'V-(:J9l00!,tX:I3U~~g)
l,il(')I\Ortouo1\0101011\0X~ld3Unou
d08nOl1\C?~011\31\(')1JalaJdJalU!oap!1\01QUOlw3~~1)l3I\Ul1310U-oAd31\3l.,l~011\3lJl,un'v'.(~)S~H:)
"3r1od~d:lol\ooduOOQ31101\(')d:lr1(10'lJol.,ldX~duortlo:,l801QOdC?l101\!3l.,ll(,)I\OrtouonOl01\3r'tQX3-ld3U0.1"(g9lor1l.,lX:I3u~~g)l.,llMI\Orl·OUOnOll.,lX01d3UI\W130C?Q13y>loe'?)lllD010noO!OUOU'(l)SIdH:)l,i~01
·1\30!r1UYY"Q!3101I\od>r13~IY9rt130l,u-OrlOl0oe~l.,ld:lodAl1AoOOO)llQ01QlJl,u-n'v'"J\CIH,?rllJd:lodAO!Adnoll3~olA101\!331]3'nOI\~n13)1o!AdnolI3~O1A1OI\!3~~lno31]3'1011\0A"QdounouQd130I\W3rt~gld)lO10)1d08nOlOXA3y~
1\01olA1011\0i!doodunouJataJdJatu!oap!1\nOl~:,l'{0.1J\3~1~:)~1.no01\
-Q"lOll:)3"Q13g,?~oe~l,u{l')I\orlouo
o'(l)SIdH:)\,!Y01A3DIn3rl13j!0l\-0~1~9~"l.,ld:lDdM3t.lI\~r10oeI\0~10)1ulL1I1(181U31\038,?)I9uOl.,llMI\OrlOUOnOl\,!Xold3UU1?)l110rl03Y310UO101
-3(1310lDOdu1013""JataJdJalU!oap!1\1\01QUO]3lDOg01Q01\pdourl1\3Q10)113Xdl?un1\1Ir101\I\DO101\]3(l)SIdHOl.,l~011\30]r13"130]3~)I~OY:,llOlD10)113j1OI\013X~1\3Qnou~I,uM~OrlOUO
~Ol\~119131\X!3Q09lorll,lX:I0.1"sat
-Aq)l~""vI\oo(lo)ldooe~~Aorldod:l3
~3d31QOOld3U~11olA'ujl?duI\UlD
,?vyo'1.Jo01)l~lId13Ul?13X~01\3U3dU~
08~QUlO~l,u(,)l\orlouo0'l?)ll1UdM38·(JaunqoaP!I\)~OlOrll.,l.oQO)lI.LUOl,llMI\-orlouo1\0lD101]3dMXOlO)I01\13u~du
dOE>nOl1\C?~01A3O!Xno~lIyyoU~~u
00,"13~noolJAlJ~300·(l)StlHO"~orlnodedl?nOlI\Mll?r1l1d:l
-odA01l3)10~UI\1I110)1lOS91\01]310U-orllolJdXnouwOlAo~ounOWl?OIOU-,?>I30I\n01.0003U01\~1I0]U3I\Qad
-our1O>lD]Q1\0lDl,l'l,llMI\OrlOUO-lJ"·l,il\rlI\WOI\OoXdl?unnou~~~01A310I1Q3lD~13rllJ:I'~)(Hor1l,lD(l0)l11UO~l,u
·(')I\orlouo1\00]3Adn0113~01\olAl,ilD
.IAo~oun01\3r1QioAd31\nO1\010~'V1d
~lul,lXold3U01rl!38lJdU10lQ01\Orll0·l,ldX101\]3I1Q131\X]3Q9lOr1l,lXl01
"1\~~01A3o!Xno~lJ~~o3rt~Ol\Q)I
-13~1I1lJDII\I;>d:lrl31\1I1~Md\,!~u!3Ao~
-OIO)llQd08n011\~~011\3~lJ03~~1)l3
OllJl(1X01.lInouOd31QoOld3U(lYOU"~t.lI\98C?·~1I11J0r;>fjI\lu~Ml,ldlndo)lI\WQuq131\~QOnou\,!r1rlodA0]1'1QUO101pAd'10Ir1lJQ01\13U:,l'{fjI\Lu01\!;>dou~w~t,l)uAo~~t4l,l)lII\Ol)l31IXdo1\Lu.
3rl0I\M<D.r1(101013i!lor1IJXo01\01\Q)l13Dlr1~13AO>l.13u3~fj01\ol.OIdoXn301U10I\!3;lJmou~l.,l~11118010QUOI~QurlQ)lO3lD<OI3~lJ:I.(~)StlHOlNI!JdlJyOlA3I\t.u~Oll\~10U0r1101ldX1\(l0103~31)13
0810)10031QAdOI\(lOloOfj01QQl\ojoe0I0uo1\01OUO'O>lOlQ3Dl1olJdMX01>0)1mAl,l'~lJ!OUOU~dl'1.Jo1lb~39IU3olA~3nlD~801Q101\!3'I:llDlAo~ounnol\
1m~la napO\-lETpO, eo npentl va ~.tn£l
K6\-l\-lo. H OClpO £VT01l.Wv KACiVE:TQIoovrQ \-1£ ~a evroAn CR
OPIC\-l£VCC; £VToAtc; £navOq:lOpCU;
(recursive) £ntTptnuol va OKOAOU
9ouVTOI ana !-ia OElpO napo\-l&rpwy,xwpi<; n"IV avciYKTl £navciAnllJI'K TaUOX£T1KOU KtOOlKO me; £VToATic;. AuroIOXU£I, VIC napci6EIV~, one; £VTOAtC;
D. J ~ X.Av AEin£1 KOnoKl nap0\-l£TpoC;, a
interpreter rt(; OiV£1 TT)V nlJli av£upc011<; Ao6ouc; (default value) O.. ErciTO B CR Ii TO B IOOOUVOI-.IE:i \-1£BO CR ~ BO.
Onon6Tinon: nA£ov6~£1 \-lie napaIJETPOC; Ii UnaPX£1 onoI06r,noT£ oAAo)"66cx:. 11 cocpa1l.\-l&VIl £VToM ayvoeiTal EVTEAWC; Kat ouvenwc; 6£v £KT£
J..CiTQL
.I:rUJ£IWoT£ On a interpreter avavvwpi~cl \-lova OKCpaIOUC; Kl CTOI TO15,6 yiV£TOt 156.Opt~tv~ £VTOACc; npen£l va 0
KOAou90uvrQI ana TTlv CR, YIOTi xw
pic; CUrny OCy 80 M;IToupY'ioouv owara. Auro IOXU£t 1610ittpa YIC TTlVevroAr; P.
MCTO an' oUTte; TIe; YCvlKte; nopa
TTlPJ10£1C; 80 £~CTOOOU~C TO £ni ~t
pouc; Ko8£ £VT01l.1')C; ypaqnUJOTwv. A
vocp£p8£iT£ £nioTlC; OlO nATlpocpoplOKO c5C1I.Tio 118.
A: EmOlpexpri OTTl AElTOUpyio KCl~tvou. OnoT£c5rinon c510KOnT£TOI t
va np6ypo~~o ypatpTl~OTWV, 0 inter
preter TTlC; BASIC 80 Tunwo£1 OTTlVoeOIl11 TO BREAK IN LINE... Ano TO~1')vu~a aUTO, TO ypo~~a A XPTlOI~O
nOlEiTOI oav £vToM cmOTpocp1')c; OlTlV
A£IToupyia K£I~tVOU.
riNTa~~: A CRA £no~vTl cVToAJi Acrroupyiac; K£l
~vou
B: Pu6~lon XPW~OTO<; 1l680u~. H~OVTl avo~£vo~V11 nOpQ~£TpoC; ~£TO
ono oun; TTlV £VToA1') £iVOl 0 Kw6IKOC;op16~()(; TaU £m8U~TlTOU XpW~OTOC;.
M£n] TnV £v£pyonoinoil TOU 0 inter
preter ~£KIVOEI ~£ IJOUPO XpW~O ~6
Elou~.
rUVTO~~: B n CRB n, £no~£vn £vToA1') AEITOUPViaC;
VjXltpnI..IciTWV.I:n~£IWOT£ on n cVToA1') B c5£v
nptn£1 nOTt va c508ci OTn 1I.ElToupyia
RMW £n£1c5ri TOT£ c5£v oPnV£1 TO
XPwIJa TOU ~o80uC; TTlC; £tKOVOC;.nciVTWC;, ov oo8£i TOTE n EVTOAJioun; ~nopci va npoKUl.IJQUv noAu cu
XOptOTO cpatVO~£vo.
c: K08oplO~C; n ouvc5uoo~C; TWV
XPW~TWV ntvvoc;. H ~ovn ovo~£vo
~vn nOpQ~Tpoc; £iVOt a KOOIKO<;;
ap18~oC; TOU £nteu~nTou XpW~OTOC;
ntvvoc;, TTlC; anoioc; TO 0PXIKO XpW~a
CivOl TO ACUKO. H CVTo1l.n oUTT) ~no
pei va XpnOllJOnOln8ei 0T11 1I.ClTouPvaRMW xwpic; onovopcuocIC;.
.I:nlJ£IWOT£ OTI n napQ~Tpoc; ViaTIC; £VToMc; B Kal C IJnopci va £ivol8£TIIO; (onOT£ avvo£iTOI TO nponvou
~vo XpWIJO) n oPVTlnK!i (onOT£ TO
vto XpW~ ouvc5uci~£TOI I..IE TO ric5n
unoPXov ~t"", ~IO~ AovlI"i~ np<i~~~
AND).0: rXEc5ioan ana TTlV nopouoa at
efl npoc; TOV npooplOIJO X, y. XP£I(]
~OVTat TOUACtXIOTov c5uo nopcilJCTpotVO va Ko60pioouv TOV anoAUTO npo~
0PIOIJO mc; ntwoe; nou OX£c510l:Et ~oVpo~ri, 1..1£ apxri TIe; napoUocc; auv
TCToy~tvCC;. Ot OUVT£TOYlJtv£e; X, yc5ivOVTOI ana TO onoAUTO I..Inl5Ev (X = Y~ 0).
ruVTO~~: D, x, V CRD, x, y EnOIJEVn £VToAn
rUVTO~Tl £novacpopae;o x,y, x,y, x,y CRo x,y, x,y, x,y £nOIJ£Vn £VT01l.1').
G: rXEc5iaan YEW~CTPU<OU OxiwOTOe;.To YPOI..II..I0 G OUI..I~01l.~£1 TnV yEWI..I£Tpia Kol c5iv£1 npoont1l.oOfl OE c5uo
V£WI..IETPIKO OXnl..l0TO, nou £ntAtyovTOt I..IE TTlV npwTTl nopOlJETpO. Tonp60nlJO ouTTie; Tne; napalJtTpou KO
6opil:CI OV TO oxrilJO eo EivOl 1..1£
c5tOKOnTOIJ£VCe; ri oUlJnoYEie; ypol..IIJEe;. Ot napQlJCTpQ! X,Y Ko60pil:ouv
TO ~YE60c; TOU OXnlJQToc; IJtow TWV~v6{)(.)v x,y, onwc; oUTte; ovocptpov
TOt OlOUe; QVTiOlOIXOUe; o~ov£e; ~CKI
vWVTae; one TnV nopauoo aton me;ntvvoe;.. Orov TO X Kal y CiVOl opvn
TIKO, TO oxnlJO eo OX£c510Ol£i niow riKat Kcnw ano TTlV nopouoa aton TTle;
ntvvoe;.rUVTO~n: G +n, x, y, CR
G + n, x, y, £nolJ£Vn £vToMH: EmOTpexpn TIlC; ntvvoe; 0TTlV nopouoo opxri (p1l.tnc I), OOXCTO ano
TTlV nopouoo 8tefl TTle;, KOI xwpie; va
oXEc510l:£l, 6£v xpclCil:oVTal napOlJ£
Tpot.
ruVTO~~: H CRH £no~vn £VToAnI: ShEl TTlv napouoa 8ton me; ntv
vae; oav anOAuTTl opxri. /iCY XPEKi
l:OVTOt nopOlJ£Tpot.
rUVTO~~: I CRI, Cn0I..lEVn EVT01l.f).J: Aun; n cVToAri £iVOl TO OXCTIKO
OVTiOlOIXO TTle; E:VToArie; o. XpE:l6
l:OVTQI TouAciXIOlOV c500 nOpOlJETpolYIO va Ko60pioouv TOV OX£TtKO npo
OPIOIJO X, Y TTle; ntvvoe;. 01 napOlJ£
TpOI Ko60pil:oVTaI OVOtpOPIKO IJ£ TTlVnopouoa ston TllC; ntvvoe; KOt onOlO
c5nnoTE ono TIC; c5Do I..Inopci va CiVOIopvnTlKfl, 15eiXvovTOe; tTOI on 0 npo
OPI0I.lOc; TTlC; ntwoe; E:ivol niow fl KOI
KCITW ono TTlV napoooo TTlC; aton·
rUVTO~~: ~I.tne eVToA~ Dl: etTEt Tuna ypal.llJOTWV n. XpeKi
~ETOl lJia napO,lJE:Tpoc; VK1 TOV Ko60
PkJlJO TaU Tunou Tne; ypalJlJfle; nounpOKcrrol va xpnOIIJOnOl1')cxl yto TTlV
oxcOiOOTl 0 GOP. rnlJ£IWOTE OTt a
njno~ TTl~ VPO~~~~ 6ev en~peo<:<1
IJOVO Ta n£plypOlJl..I0TO, aMo OK~n
KOI oAOKAnp£C; £mcpovCI£e;, oowe; KD
KAoue;, T£TpOVWVO, nopaAAnAoypalJ·IJO KOt Tpiywvo, npOVlJo nou IJnopei
vo npoKoMo£1 nopo noAu £Vc510cpt
pouo£e; nopooTOO£Ie;.
rUVTO~n: ~MnE: £vToM CM: KiV!1on npoe; TTlV onoAuTTl 8ton
X, y xwpie; oX£c5ioon. Ot OUVTE:TaVlJtvcc; X KOl Y nptn£1 va £ivot 6E:T1Kte;.
rUVTo!;~: M X.V CR
M x,y, E:n0I.lEVn EVTOM
ouxvo M.I ~ M O. 0, IVIO va £OiOTptlJlEI 11 ncwo omv 000
AUTTl op~ TTl~ oeoVI]<;N: .I:X£OioOTl lJlncpiooe; x, y. XP£IOl:0V·Tal c5uo nOpOlJ£Tpol YIO TOV Ka9opt
OIJO TOU onoAuTou npooplOI..IOU X. y,
TTle; ntvvoe; KOI oMn IJlO YIC TTlVlJlTlcplc50 nou oxEc510l:£TOI
rUVTO~~: N c.x.v CRN C, x,y EnOI..lCV11 E:VT01l.nl'Uvr~ eoovarpopdc;: ~AEne EVTo.\n 0
0: .I:xEOiaon KUKAou, OOKTUAIOU n
TlJriIJOTOC; OUTWV I.lE KCVTPO TTlV nopouoo OnOAUTTl opxn TWV a~ovwv.
AvOAoyo I.l£ TOV Tuno TOU KUK1I.OU rirou OOKTU1l.10U, n ntvvo c5EV XP£IOl:E
TOI va £OlOTptCP£1 noVTo OTO KE:VTpO,
OlO T£Aoe; me; ox£Oioone;·rUVTO~~: 0 5, r, I CR
o 5, r, t EnOIJ£Vn EVToAIlonou 5 = KOOIKOe; TOU KUKAIKOU TO
I..ICO nou OX£c510l:£TOl, r = OKTivo KOI t= noxoc: TOU c50KTUAIOU.
Orov r = t OrlI.lIOUPYE:iTOt tvae;
c5ioKOe; (n TaXUTCpn OUVCTTl OX£OIOon). OTaV r t, OXE:c5ICl:£TOI tvoc; 00KTU1l.tCC; noxouc; l EOW 11 £I..ICPOVlon
onOTO, ytOTi E:VW aUTO TO oxill..lO XPEI
Ol:ETOI AlyoTEp£e; ypal.llJtc; YIC vaox£&aoTci, £VTOUTOlC; OnOlTE:i nE:ploOOT£PO Xpovo wonou va T£1I.£IWOEl.
P: An£IKOVlOn 01l.q>aplalJnnKWV xapa
KTripwv xwpie; va £VKOTOA£ICPT£i 11A£lToupyio ypa<PlljJOTWv. Aun; n CVT01l.1') 1I.E:lTOUpyEi onwe; Kat '1 OVTtOlOI·
X~ T~~ CHRS (4) TTl~ I.cITOUPVio~
KE:ll..IE:VOU.. OAol 01 KOOIK£e; ~TO TTlv
E:VToAn P anEIKovil:oVTol OOV 01l.cpapt81.lnTlKOI xapaKTnpEC;, tE:KlVWVTOe; 0
no TTlv nopouoo atefl TIle; ntvvoc;.
rUVTo!;~: P xapaomipc~ CRrlop<i6eIW o:10 E ~ 1220 PRINT -M 128 15 I-30 PRINT .p example numbepo; E
To K£i~£vo -example number 12on£IKovil:£TOI ono TnV acon X = 128,Y = 15 KOt npoe; TO £novw, xwpic; va
E:YKOTOA£IqlTE:i n 1I.£ITOUpyia ypatpn
I..I0TWV. rmJ£IWoT£ em n P E:VOI n1..I0V0c5IKr; £VToM ypacpnlJOTWV 0TTlV
onoio cxouv anlJOoio TO c5I00niIJOTO.Q: eCT&1 TIlV KOTEUaUVOn £KTunw
one; (anCtKOVIOnC;)· XPEIOl:£TOI lJia
nop6~Tpoe; ylo TTlV E:mAoYri TTle; optl:ovnoc; n KOToKopucpne; KOTEUaUV
0t1e; ytO TOUe; xopOlmip£e; nou aKaAou90Dv TTlV napanavw E:VToAn P.
rUVTO~~: ~I.tne eVToA~ GR: KiV11~ npoe; TTlV ox£T1Kn etorJ x.y ana TTlV nopoUoa Ston TTle; nEVVOe;
xwpie; oxEc5iaon. AUTri n E:vToAri £iVOI
Tl OXCTItn; OVTKJTOIXn me; E:vToMe;M. . ETOI, TO X KOI Y I.lnopei va CiVOI
OpVnTlKO..I:uVTO~n: I3AtnE E:VTOAT'l M.S: Koaopil:E:l TO lJty£60e; TWV Xopa
KTriPWV. XP£IOl:oVTOI c5uo nopol..l£·
TpOI, X KOI y, Via TOV Ko60plOI..I0 TOU
OPll:OVTtOU KOI TOU KOTaKOPUCPOU 1..1£.
vt8ouc; TWV XapOKniPWV. 01 napOl.l£TpOl oUTte; Ko80p~OVTOI OVE:~OPTTlTO
yo va I..Inopouv va c5TllJtOUPYOUVTOl
noAu <pop6Ei<; aMci KOVTOi XOpoKTT'\PE<; ri, EvaMaKTtKci, naAu UlIJIlAoloA·Aci OTEVoi. naVla> 0TT'\v 1010 066vll. 01T1~C<; Tla>V nopO~TpwV np£n£1 va EIVOl OTllv nEplOXI1 0... 15. H EVTOAI1 S1,1 enava<ptpEI TOU<; XOpaKTTlPE<;aro KOVOVlKO TOU<; IJ£VE6CX;.rUVT~Il. pAtn£ £VTOMl MT: Ko60ph':EI TOV TUno Tla>V xapoKTllPla>v. XPTloII.lOnOI£ITol ~IO nopol.l£TpO<;. nou £nlA&V£1 KOVOVIKOUC; 11 ITO·AIKOU<; xapaKTTlp&<;, OOX£TO ano 'TT1Vnopouoa KOT£u8uVOIl &KTUnWOTl<;(on&IKOVlOTl<;)·rUVTa~ll: f3Atn£ &VlOAfl C.U; EmAovri llpaoTTll,tOTT'\Ta n£wo<;10~TlOI~lOC; KOI £T1OvwI KOTc.J. XPI')OI1J0nOlOUVTOI lluo noPO~Tpot: H np~
TTl &nlAtV£1 TT'\V n£wo Il TO OPI1011J0KOI Il c5£uT&PIl Ka90pi2;.£1 av 11 ntwon TO oJ3noq..tO £tVOI £VEPVO (aro "xap·Ti-) n IJIl £v£pyo (olov -o£po-. M'OUTTl TT'\V EVTOATi ~opoUV VO 0111.1.1oUpyOUVTOI OXIlI.lOTO 1J£()(a) oAyopl·8IJwv cnovocpopa<;. nau OV£~KOT£
POOUV £VOANJKTlKO TT1V nEVVO OTO«xopTi".l:uvTa~n: U p,U CRU, p, U &nOIJ£VI1 £VTOAn
r'1IJ£I~Ol£ OTI 0 interpreter &ivolnovTa "IJ£ TT'\v ntwo 010 xopTi- 1.1.0AI<; £V&PYOllOIIl8£1. . ETOt, av GuIJIl8£iT£ va Tpt~£TC npWTo TTlv POUT!VOINITAL, O&V Xp£t02;.£TOI vo O<,;)O&T&TTlv &VTOAn U I, 'OTTlV apXIl KOElE:npoVpOIJIJOTO<; Vpa<P'1IJOTWV
V: Al1l1Jll KOTOaroo'l<; pixel Ot OtJVT&TOVlJtV£<; X, y TOU pixel am ~1J11
OSoVTl<; TOU onOlou npoK£ITQI va 010l3aOl£i Il KOTOOlOan (ovol.llJ&vo/ol3llOTO) naptxovTOI ona Ouonapa~Tpou<;.
'rUVTO~Il: f3Atn£ £VTOAi) NTo TtOO£pa lIJJlq)K1 XPWIJOTO<; EVa<;
K06oplO~VOU PiXel ytvovroi TO XOIJIlAOT£jJO (lVIlq:H.O 0 ...3) EVa<; onOIJOvw·n'l nou KoA&ITOI PIXBUF H npoonEAOO'1 OlOV PlXBUF Sa n£ptypacp£i°PVOT£pa.
W: ElOaVEI TTlV AEITOUPVIO RMW·(read-Modify·Wnte, avoyvwofl-Tpono
noi'1OTl-£VVjJOql'1)· XPrtOIjJOnOl£ITOI IJIOnopO~Tpo<;. nau EnlA£Y£1 TTlV A£I·TouPVio RMW, 6nWC; £~IlYIl9rlK& OTOnpWTO opSpo oun'll:; TTl<; O£tpO<;.rUVTa~ll: pAtn£ £VTOATi T.X: Xcipa~1l a~ovwv OUVT£TOV~VWV.
Xp£Ili2;.OVTOI TPCt<; nopa~£TpOl nauKo8opi2;.auv T'1V O~u6uvor'l a, TO f3'lIJOTO s KOI TO lllOOTI1IJOTO aa~ovo
un"'l~ i.l:UVT~n: X a, s, i CRX, a, s, i Eno~VT1 &VlOMlrUvTa~11 £nOVOqlopO<;:X a, s, i.... a. s. i CRX a, s, i... a. s, i £nOIJ£VT1 £VTOMlZ: EOlAoyTi o&AiooC;. Xp&I02;.£TOI ~o
nOpQ~Tpo<; YIO TTlV £nlAoVilTTl<; O£
AOO<; o86V'1<;. Av6Aovo IJ£ TTlV £01·6UIJllTTi KOTOKopuqm OIOKpiTlKOrI1To,£iVOI lh6tOIIJ£<; OUO n TtOO£P£I<; O£AiO£<; 060VT1e;. H £VTOAn Z £ntTp£O£Iarov xpnOTll va OVOTp£~tl arK; o£AiO£<; TTl<; 1Jvr11J11<; 066VT)<; KOt va lIJa~tt
YIO OPlOIJ£Vt<; nA'lPOqlopi&e; n
OXllIJOTO.l:uVTa~n: Zr CRZP. &nO~VIl £VTOA'lIl napal.lCTpo<; P nOlpv£1 Tl~te; ona 0(achlOa 1) w~ 3 (achlOa 4).
nOpci~&TPOI KOI ~&TopAIlTtC;
H n£piAllllJl1 TWV 1l106tolIJwV £VTOAWV A£ITOUPVICJ<; K£ijJtVOU KOI YPOqlll~TWV nou tVIV& napanavw, O£ixv£1TTlv OOqlTiv£lo KOI TT1v KOTOAAIlAOTTlTOTOU<; VIO XPrlO'1 O£ onotOOnnoT£ npOvpalJlJO BASIC. 01 &VTOAt<; oUTte;IJnopouv va Tunw60uv oov 1J10 oclpaXOPOKTTljXIJV (string). TouTo ouv£nayCTOI OTt OA&<; Ot nop6~£Tpol IJnopouv vo 8cwpl160uv rov IJ£TOI3AIlTt<;KI OllTO npOOI11.l0 TOU<;, 6E:TlKO nap·VIlTtKO, napalJ£v&1 OI'lIJOVTlKO. I.e 0
Kpai&e; n£pmT~OEle;, IJIO IJ&Tof3AI1Tneo IJnopOUO£ va £KXWPI18Ei O£ IJIOOAOKAI1P'1 aM'1AouXio £VTOA~V VpaqlIlIJOTWV, Via va 0IlI.lIOUPVnO£1 OAVOptelJou<; CJlOVOqlopOe; KOI, £nol.ltvwc;IJlKpO npoypalJlJOTO OOV aUTO nounapOlxHo2;.OVTOI nopaKoTw.
To npWTo npovpalJlJO oxEOIci2;.£1 t·vo ana TO rxnlJOTO lOU TEUXOU<; TOUlavouopou 85 lOU EAi:KTOp. To DeuT&po npOypalJlJO ll'1~auPv£i TOV 00KnJAtO, nou unaPXEt 010 £~WcpuMo
TOU T&Uxaue; TOU NoelJl3pK>u 85 lOUEAEKTOp.
It 1191"80 _'11191"10 ,H'21 ''1.o-U)CMlI(II)~,I2I,I,lIl·
JI FOtI~II: I'lDlf"ll·I·.m.K"1 lOt• NI·25omII1sn;p..h I'lOO'D:lII, '1' .11'1 lOT,. "00"1-1.-1.1'• R111"1~1; I'tOO'O'I'"It':1IX1'1I1"tM:1·1Tll2'S4: NOO·D.·I·,Il": II:XT:~l)• RlI-ITlI2I: PltNTa.l1l: lOTI DI.'·IO ,U'
JI OISll';all _': 011("10 ,H': PlINfCMaOI)·...O,llt·21 FGIlofrOI.: aD: lOT; 1119lC!'IO ,II': OIl3lI T".211II21I: X-tHU2!II(1- .•lXlSml)• ""IHH 12I1( 1- ••SIMln>l,. 0(011: PROOYX·,'Y·.I,C·C·,«2I5,*,*·:~
H nAoKtrro ypoqnnuiTWV KOI 0Junior Computer
rOV EntKToOIl TOU Junior Computer TOU EAtKTop 0 onoioe; c5l0etT£1DOS, 11 nAoKcTTo Vpaqll1lJ(iTWV Kal 0video Interpreter IJnopouv va XP1101IJOnOI'180uv oav onOKA£lalIKO T£PIJOTlKO VPG<PIll..KlTWV, 1J02;.1 ~ TT1v nAoK&no VoU Via TT1v A£ITOUPV\O a.AqlOPl8~nTlKWV 1/0 (l:X~ua 23). Entan~
£iVOI OUVOTn Il xpnOl1 TTle; nAoK£TTo<;YPG<pru.KlTWV 0T11 A£tlOUpyia K£llJt·YOU, onOT£ n£pITT&UOUV T£A£IW<; '1nAOK£TTO VoU Kal TO npOYPGlJlJOTn~
EIVOI OUVOTO va XPflOlIJ0fl011l8ti Ilpounvo CHRINP. oMo OUTO O£v £iVat unOXPEWTlKO (TO DOS TOU JuniorunOOTIlP~£1 OpK£Tte; OUOK£Ut<; E~O
Oou. oAAo IJOVO Ilia OUOK&Un £IO~
Oou. &lAoo'1 OUVTl6w<; TO nA'lKTpoAOYIO) rTO source listing TOU videotnterpreter. Il unopouliva BREAK-test£~l nptXX1p~i VI] E<POPJJOyJi OlOVJunior. AUlO nou onOIJ£v£1 va Viv£1£lval '1 Tpononoil1011 DUO QI&u9uvo£WV OTOV KOTOV£lJflTil E~OOOU lOU Ju~or. H QIEUeuVCJIl TT1<; pouliva<; CHROUT (video interpreter) Tono9&T£I·Tal ova~oo all<; 01£u8UVO&Ie; lOU
PIoOl1VOU lfle; VoU (VoU drlver) KalTile; POUTlva<; TOU £KTUnWTIl CentroniCs.npOOOXrl! 01 01EU8uvOCl<; nou npo.K£ITal va Ton09£TTl80uv OlOV KOTOVEIJIlTn £~ODOU eivol navToTE XOIJIlAQT£pEe; KoTa tva byte anD Tte; npOVIJOT1K£e; 0l£u8uvO£I<; T'le; poUTlvae; ETa, OV 0 VIdeo interpreter IlTOV <pTiOVIJ£VOe; VlO va TP£X£I ano Tflv OI£UGuVOTl B003 Kat n£pa, TO byte noueo Ton08ETTl6el 0lT) 8£on 2313HEX n231SI-Ex elval TO 02 Kl OXI TO 03.2313: 022315: 03
-10, 02- n -10, 03-
2315: 022316: BO
H pounva ovoyvwor'Ie; xapaKT'1jXIJv,'1 CHRINP. lon08£T£ilol TIe; 8£0£1e;2311I-Ex KOt 2312HEX cav B005HE.x(~ B006-1). H Ot<u8uvan rn~ pauTivae; INITAL eivOl BOOOHEX. H pouTivaOUTn npooo£AoUV£TOI 1.1.£ TTlv &vTOAn6iOKOU DISK! -GO Booo
o KOI eo nptIl£t va TP£X£I Ko8£ qlopa nptv ~£KIVTi
0&1 EVO npoypal.llJO Vpa<PIlIJOTwv, w..Ol£ vo 1J1l0£VI2;.OVTOl OA£<; 01 npOIlyoulJ£v£<; IJ£Tof3A'1T£e;. 01 npOO£KTlKoi ovavvWar£e; eo txouv OlOntOTW·OCI I1c5Il OTt 0 interpreter vpa<pI1IJOTWvTon08ETElTOI O£ !Jvr1IJ'1 4kbytes a£VAwooo IJIlXOVne; (object code) ylo6502 ~&KIVWTOe; ono T'1V 0lEU6uVOTl80001-E.X. Auni Il n£pIOXI1 TI1<; IJv'1·1.1.11<; f3piOK£TOI IJtOQ 010 X~po &PVOcioe; TTle; RAM TOU interpreter Tile;BASIC Kl tTOI XP£I02;.£TOt 1J10 TpononoillOTl V3,3 TOU disc track O.
o OnOIJOVWTn<; OrrTlKJ1e; I.lVTlIJI1<; (video buffer) nou n£pltX£I TI<; £VToAte;TOU GOP EKT£ivcTOI ono TI1V OI£UeuvOTl 7000HEX w<; lllv AFFFHEX(16K). TOUTO ouV£naV£TOI on ocpnVOVTOe; 12kbytes VIa TO npOYPGlJlJOTT1e; BA8'C, apxi2;.oVTO<; ano T'1v DI£U8uvon 3A79HEX. AUTO TO 12Kbytes£f1apKOUV Via ne; n£ptooOTEpee; £c.pap
uav£~
ncp,ypacpli TOU KUKAOIl.laTOC;pue"UOTl;C;
To OUOlI1I..l0 pUSIJIOT1e;, TO KUKAwjJQTOU onoiou q>aiV£TOI OlO oxr'llJo 30,XPIlOIIJonOI£1 OIOBnniPIO S£PIJOKpaOioe; TOU runou LM335, TO oneXo noptX£I i:~OOo 10mVlK. H TOOl] ovacpopOe; 0T11 IJIl"OVOOTPt<pouoa £ioooo (0KOO 3) TOU ICl PUSjJi~TOI OlO 2/3TIle; TOOTle; TpO<POOooiae; ana TOV OtOtptTrt Rl-R2-FG. Ac; OTljJ&Iw8Ei on 01avncmio£le; OUT£e; nptn£1 va £iVOl~yQA~~ OKpi~£I0~ 11%) VIQ vo £~o
e<poAt08£t rt owoni AElroupyiO TOUPUSjJIOlri. EniOrte; £ivol OKOnljJO vaOlo6£ponOlrt8£i rt TOOT) Tpocpoooaac;.
To 3140 So oAAo~£1 KoraOTo011,OTOV 11 t~oocx; TOU Uv1335 tOOUTOl ri£iVOl IJ&VOAUT£pn ana TrtV T00rt avacpopOe; 3,330V. ria va 600&1 TO 01
08nniplo TT'lv nopan6vw TOOIl, rt 8£p1..I0Kpaoio TOU nE:plpOAAoVTOC; nptn£lva £iVOI 60°C (-273K + 333K). HoMovr'l TIlC; KOTOaroOne; TOU T£M;OltKOU £VlOXUTri. StTE:I EKTOe; TO TpovoiOTOP Tl, jJlO jJErapAnTr; mwri p£UjJ-
moe; nou A.£ITouPV£i OOV 8&PIJOVTI-
CJI.I0TOe;. Ql1W<;: OKptpw<; oUjJpaiv£1 OlOoUOTT1~ K£VTplkne; OIKIOKrte; et:PjJovane;· Q<; £K TOUTOU rt 8£PjJOKpaoioTl)e; nAoKOe; 80 jJUOP<iAA£TOl 1..1£ jJtKpO n£ptBWpto. H 61oq>opO TWV o·Kpoiwv njJwv OUTWV TWV n£pt8wpiwvtX£1 OXtoll jJ£ TOV OyKO TTle; jJ£TOAAtKr)C; nAoKOe;. 6UOlUXWe; 11 nAliKo O£vjJf10pei va yiv£1 noAu Ol£Vr'l jJ£ £AOTTWan TIle; ~~OC; TTle;, &n£16n OUTO 8a£Aonwv£ noAti TOV ouvT£A£on; 8£pjJOKpooIOKr'le; OOpOV£IOC;. EUTUXWe; TOnpoPAnlJO OUTO I..lnop£i va Au8£i 1..1£TOV A£YOjJ£vo pU81..l"CJTTi OvaAOVtKr'lC;oAoKAnpw011C; - aAtnE oXf'J!..iO 2.
.Evoe; TtToIOe; pU8jJlCJTTie; EVlOXUElKOI OAOKAIlPWV£1 TOUTOXPOVO TO or'ljJOTne; £10600u TOU, npoVjJo nou tX£1oov onoTtA£ojJo UlpnAr; £viOXUOfl ouv£XOUC; (DC). MIO onoiTllOfl VIO TOVpu8jJ10lr; OUTOU TOU Tunou £iVOl OTt 11Olo8£pci TOU Xpovou oAoKAripwOTle;VIO tva orijJO po8jJou TTlC; I:uvaPTl)ane; (noAl..loe; nptn£1 va EivOl ian 1..1£3.3 cpopt~ TOV xpi:No KoeuOTi:Pl101]~).
TouToxpovo 11 &vioxuort c5£v nptnEIva £ivOt TOoo ulpnAr'l, Wor£ va £Otp£O~£t Til Olo8£pOTIlTO TOU ou011'ljJOTO<; pUe~I011~.
H aAAaYli TTlC; 6CPI.lOKpaoiac; txc, oav anoTtAcol.laKa, TTlV aVCm6UI.lTlTTl I.lCTaTOmOTl TTlC; OUXVOTTlTac; OCKpUOTaAA'KOUc; TaAaVTlolTtc;. r,a TTlV oTa6cponoiTloTlTTlC; OUXVOTTlTac; nptnc, ° KpUOTaAAoc; vaTono6cTTl6ci OC -cpoupVO- OTa6cplic; 6CPI.lOKpaoiac;.
~voOWV oro &KCTOjJ~.UjPIO. nap' oAeTOUTQ 0& OpK&Tte; n&plnTwO&K; onOlT£iTOl ~YOAUT£pI1 OKpip£IO Kat aUTO~OPOUjJ£ va TO n£ruXOUjJ£ OIOTIlpWVTOe; TO n£plpaMov TOU KpuoroAAou o£ OTo8£pr) 6£PjJOKpaoio. AUTOjJnop£i va yiV£1 n.X. pa~OVTOe; TOVKPUOTOMo jJtoo 0& <poupVO I.J& £A£yXOjJ£Vrt 8£pjJoKpaoD. Ae; 0rtjJ&lw8£iOTI nap' CAo nou 01 jJ&TOpoAte; me;8£PjJOKIXlOioe; TOU n£plpoAAoVTOe; tXOUV TIlv KUPIWT£Prt £nil5paOfl OTrtvOTo6£pOTrtTO Trte; OUXVOTrtTOe; TOUKPUOTOAAou, unoPXouv KOI oAAol nopQVOVTE:e; nou jJnopouv va £m6pouvO£ ov<iAoyo ao8jJo, onwe; &iVOl VianopciO£lYjJo 11 VriPovOll, 01 jJ£ToaoAte;Tile; TOOIle; Tpcxp06aoiae; KOI 01 jJ£TQacMe; TOU <popTiou TOU TOAoVTWTri·To oxYijJo 1 6£ixv£1 TrtV OX£TtKJ1 oAlcellOrt OUXVOTllTOC; 0& jJov06&C; jJtPIl 010 £KOTOjJjJUPlO (P.P.m.) oe ouVOPTIlOfl I..l£ TTl 8£PjJOKpaoio, YlO TU·rnKo KpUOlOMo AT KOm;e;. AC; OfljJ£lweE:i OTt 11 oAio6rlOll jJnopei va £iVOlaema; n OpVnTlIO;.
eCPI.lOKpaO,aKOC; tAcyxoC;o KpUOlOMoc; npooapjJ~£TQI jJt·
(Xl OlO q>oupvo jJo~i I..l£ TO 8£PjJOVTIKO OlOtXE:iO KOI tva OloellTTlPtO 8£p~KpOODe;, navw O£ 1..110 jJlKPrt I..l£TOAAlkn nAaKO, rt oneXo xopaKTTlPi~TOI
ana lJ£yaArt 6&PjJOKp<lOl0Krl 06p6V£IO. H £~OOoe; TOU Olo€lnTllptOU 8£pjJOKpaOQe; oUVKpiv£TOl 1..1£ 1..110 TOOflOVO<popoe; KOI 0 OUYKPIn'lC; &AtVX£1TnV TPOQX>OOTrtOr] TOU 8£PIJOVTIKOUOloIX£iou. M£r<i ana KonOIO XpOVOana 11)V tvop~n 8tpjJQVOfle; TTle; jJ£TOMucrie; nAliKoe; ana TO 6&PjJOVTlKOOlOIX£io, 11 t~oOOe; rou oloertTTlPiouKOI rt T00rt ovaq>opOe; eo £ivOt io£e;Kat TOT£ 0 OUyKpITTle; eo 610KOlp£1TTlV Tpo<poOOTllOn TOU 8£PjJQVTIKOUOlOlX£iou. H 8£PIJOKpaOQ OjJW<; TIle;jJE:ToAAucJ1e; nAliKoe;, Aovw Tl)e; 8£pjJoKpOolOKrie; 06pav£IOe;, eo oUV£XiOClVIa Aiyo OKOjJn va OU~OV£1. . OTOVn£ptOTOOIOKO rt jJ£TOAAtKJ1 nAliKO lpUx8£i O£ TtTOIO ao8jJo, WOl£ 11 TOO11OTlW t~ooo TOU ol08rtTnpiou va ntOCI KOTW ana TTlV TOOn Ovoq>opoe;,TOTE: 0 oUVKprrr;c; 80 Tpoqm60nio£1nciAI TO 8&PjJQVTlKO OTOIX£io. EivOlq>Qv£Po on Sa UrniPX£1 jJtO 6tocpopOXPOVOU I..l£TO~U OITiou KOI onoT£At-
85134-2
°c
v
v
85134·1
II0EpJ.1lKtl <JtaOEp01toil1<Jl1
taAaVtrottl
".,o OUVT£~£OTriC; 00101'110<; (QJ 0
nOlouc5r;noT£ OUVTOVIOIJ£VOU KUKlIWIJQTO<; cival 0 Atlyoc:; TTl<; enaVWVIKT)<;npo<; T1'1V wIJlKil TOU anocrroOT). Letva KUKAWIJQ LS 0 J\6yoc, aurce;; !JooPEl va IJETO~METOI ano 100 IJE:XPI400, evw De tva KpUOTaAAO, 0 onoioc; xapaKTTlpi~£TQI ano I..UO noAu xcIJTlAr') IOOOUVOIJTl Qvrloroon OElpOC;
IJnOPOUV va enm;ux6ouv nlJi;c; ViaTOV Q IJEXPI 100.000. ME KQTOAAnAI1Komi TOU KpuoniMou, n QUXVOTl"ITO
OUVTOVIOIJOU yiV£TOt av£~aPTTlTn anaTI1 ee:PIJOKpaoia TaU m:plj3(iAAovTOC;;lJtoa 1>eJ3aIQ De I.lIO AOYIKr; m;ptoxriTIIJWV 6£PIJOKpaoiac;;. ria nap66eIVIJOIJnoPOUIJE: va nCTlJxoulJ£ oro&p6T11TO OUXVOTT}TOC; TIle; Tci~llC; TWV 100
-40
-00
IXr'JIJO 1. IXCTlKr'/ o·AioBfJC1r/ OUXVOT'1Tat;OE:: OUvapT110n IJE Tr1
gepIJo/cpQoia Via TV
mKO KPuoTaAAo ATKOnrjC;.
Ixr'1J1O 2. IXflIJQTfKtlavanapdoraol') Teu8£PIJOOTOTIKOUqJoupvou
1
".,b
,---r---~--.--~--{++) 5 Ve'
_~on
o
ED
"',.
LM335
CI C,
r------,Ub (8 •••15vl : IC2 :
+ : 78(l) I
i 06 I1.. ...J
Ub
"+
J:~'
!olSOn
"leI "
3140 ", +
"
'"~..0
'~l:M·Jo
+5V3a
r-- --,'Dl I, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,L .....
LM335
KO crrolxeio..000 XPOVO '1 6epl..loKjXloia lOU
n£pl~6..\AOVTOC; cival KaT(&) ano 60 11C,11 niOJ1 OnlY t~o~o TaU lel ooTWEifO T1 OE: ncplOXn jJ£yo'\nc; aywyljJ6TTlTac;. To 6UVOIJlKO OTIl 1360'1 TOUdarlington T1 n£plopi~£TQl OlOV 2,7Vano TTl l5iooo ~E:V£P D2 Via npO.\Tl4J1lTne; unepOOr;VIlO11C;· . ETOI TO peUIJQOuMEKTTl /Stv IJnop£i va un£Pl3ei TO200mA.
TaAaVTWTr;c;To KUKAWIJO TOU raAoVTWn; cpaive
Tal oro oXfHJO 3b. 0 KPUOTQAAO<; vai\£IToupyei DE nap6MnAO oUv6£0I-l0.AUTO yiV£TOI l3aoli:OjJ£VOI OTTlV unoBear) on apK£Toi ano lOUe; avayvwon::<; Sa XPIlOll..lOnonioouv KPUOTOMoYla AeIToupyia 0TTlV neplOXn Gepl-l0Kpaoiac; -10°C EWe; +45°C. Av XPIlOIIJOnOl1l8ei KPUOTOAAOC; Yla va helTOUPV!iO£1 IlEOC OE: cpoupvo, nptnelva ouvoc6ei tva TpilJlJ£p C2 napa".·".n".a ~£ TOV KpuoTa".".o. 01 nUKvwTte;C3 Kal C4 anOT£".OUV TO XWPllnKo<popTio TOU KPUOTOoU.OU. 01 nUKVWTte; nptn£l va £ivat K£pa~IKOi, TunouNPO, va txouv nx. ~nO£VlKO OUVT£".£erni S£p~oKpaoiae;. To TpavoiaropT3 XpnOl~£U£1 oav ano~ovwn;e; ~£
TO~U TaU Ta~aVTWHi Kal TOU KUK".W~OToc; <popTiOU.
KaTaOK&Ur;o KpuaroMoe;, TO Tpi~~£p C2, Kat
11 nnv~ p£u~<paTOe; T1 ~OVTOPOVTat
navw orn 1..110 n".£upO Kat 0 puSJ.uorrie; TOOne; 1(2 KOI TO OloSIln;plOS£PI.J0Kpaai.ae; 01 novw OTTlV 0".".11n".£upO I.JlOe; n".OKae; a".oul.Jlviou 010aroo£wv 30 x50mm Kal noxoue; 3mm,onwe; q>aiV£Tal OTO oxril.Jo 4.. 0/1.0 TOuno".Olno £~Opn;1.J OTO ~OVTaPOVTOI
ncivw Of: ~IO nN1Ktna nap6~Olwv010OTOO£WV.
H n".aKa a".ou~lviou nptnEI va tXEIf310w~vo £navw TTle; OKpootKTIl VlOTn ouvO£on TTle; vne;. ria 0/1.0 TO~apn;~aro nptn£1 va xpnOl~onOln
S£i 6£Pl.JoavwVll.Jn KoMa. rIO TO l.JovToplo~a TaU Tpavoiarop 11 nptn£lva XpnOll.J0nOl1l6ci I.J0VWTlKOe; OOKTU".10e;.
A<pou vivouv 01 anOpaiTTlT£e; ouv&0£1e; ~TO~U Tne; n".OKae; Kat me;n".aKtTTae;, n KOTaoK£uri nptn£1 va
TOfl06£TTlS£i I.Jtoo O£ tva I.JIKPO V£lw~tvO - ~£Ta".".IKO KOUTi KOToMIl".wv OlaOTOO£WV, TO onoio eo tX£1£OWTEpIKri EntvOuOn VlO 6EP~0I.JOvw
on ano no".uaruptvlo noxoue; 50 m.m.To Kouri nptn£1 va £ival E<pOOIOO\-ltva 1Jl: OUO J..llKptC; ante;, IJIa Via TOKaAWc5la olivO£OT]e; KOI ~Ia Via TTl pu6"lIon TaU (2.
Bae~ov6~lo"KaT' apxoe; £"-tV~£TE j..l£ f3o".roj..l£
Tpc KlVTlrou nnviou, av TO 6UVOj..llKOI.JE:Ta~U TTle; aKiOae; 6 TOU IC1 Kal Tile;vne; I3piOKETOI I.J£TO~U 1.5V Kal 2.0V.MeTa ana TTl ouvO£OTl TTle; rpO<p060oiae; So XPElaoT£i XPOVlKO 610arnI.JaI.J£PlK~V npwTwv ".£nTWV Via va naPEIn roon aun; oTa8E:pri Tlj..lri. Eov OTaS£ponolnS£i n S£Pl.JoKpaoio, 11 OUXVOTT'lTO j..lnopEi va pU61.J10TEi OTO 10MHz aKplf3we; Kal aUTO ViVETOI EUKO".a 1..1£ Til f3oriS£la EVOe; OUXV0I.JETPOUKa".rie; nOlOTnTae;. Av 6£v £ivol EUKO".0 va f3PE6£i OUXVOI.J£TPO Eival OuvaTO va XpnOlI.JOnOln60uv 6uo OMEe;j..lt60001. ME lllV npWTTl j..lt6060 nptn£1 va 01C11ptoeT£ TTlv OUXVOTTlTO OTnVt~ooo TOU Ta".aVTwn; j..l£ 200.000 Katva XPIlOlj..lOnOlnOCT£ TO orij..lO nou eonaP£TE Via va oOnvrioeT£ tva 4Jn<pta·KO paMi j..lE Tpo(j)ooooio ano TO 6iKTUO. A<PriOT£ TOV ra".avTwn; Kal TOpo}"Oi va }.,EITOUPV~oouv VIO 24 WpEe;.80.\1£ TO po".oi 0TTlV aKpll3r; wpa,011~ OiV£TOI, yo nap6&lYlJC1, ano TO11lAE:cpwvo (141) KOI Ocpr;OT£ TOV TOAOVTWn; Kal TO po.\6i KOI '\£rroupyr;oow Via 24 wp£e;. M£;TQ ana lnVnop0(5o TOU XpOvou aUTOU OuyKpiV£T£ TTlV wpa nou &iXVEI TO po}"Qi j..l£lnV wpa nou naipVE;.TE ano TO TTl"-£:cpwvo KOI pu6I.JioTE KaTooU.n}.,a TOVTOMlVTWTr;. LmJEIWOT£ on }.,060e; E-
vOc; OEUTEpo"-tmou OTle; 24 wp£e;aVTIOTolXEI O£ anoK".IOTl OUXVOT11Tae;TaU T(J,\OVTWTr; 120 Hz.
H OEUTEPIl j..lt60ooC; eivOl ".IVOTEPOOVIOpr), aMo eov aKo}.,ouen6ei onOlTOWrOl tvae; na".j..loypOcpoe; KOl tvae;;o.OIK6c;, an}"6e;;, otKTne; lJaKpWV KUJ,MlT(o)V. 0 OtKTl)e;; nptnEI va }.,£ITOUpy£i oro 200KHz (pil6lo BBC 4) KQI
CD10 EKEi va nopeTe TO cptpov Kal j..lIOOUVIOTWoa TaU IJE o"-i06non Karo 20°01 OUo aUTte; tl;OOOI oUVOtOVTOI crnc;elo6OOue; X Kal Y TOU na".j.loypo<pou
Kal lJae; Oivouv TO OXnI.Ja £VOC; KUK}.,OU OTnV o66vn. T Wpa 61alptOT£TnV t~060 TOU TaAavTWn; j..l£ 10 Kal£cpapIJWor£ TO Onj.la 1MHz nou naipVETE O1l1v EiooOo Z TOU naAIJOVPOcpou. Av 0 TO".avTwTrie; Eival pu61.J1olJtvoe; oworo n 060vn 6a OE:ixve I
OlJvtX£la tvav KUK".O n tMEI4Jn TOUoooiou n n£pl(j)tpelO £iVOl OKOTE1VnO£ ntVTE nEploxte;.
EniAoyoc;o TOAOVTWn;e; j.lnop£i va XpnOlj.lO
nOln6£i, nx oav nnvn aVQ(popOe;; ouXVOTIlTOC; Via TO QUXVOIJETPO I.JE t}.,£VXO anD IJIKpoUno}.,oVIOTn, nou 0vamux8r)Ke oro TEUXOe; 1JQe; TOU 1.Jr;va C1>£~pouopiou 1985. AUTO yiV£TOlouv6tOVToe; TO un' 04Jn KUK".WlJaamv YPOlJl.Jn TWV 10MHz I.Jtoa OTOOUXVOI.JE:TPO Kal OUYKEKpl~tva n t~o
ooe;; TaU Ta".aVTWTn nnVOiVEI OTIlVEiooOo TWV 10MHz, TO Ub OTO Un, KOI11 VEiwOIl oro GNO.
Ixn~o 3. To KUKAw~a OE 6uo ~tPTJ: Toa 6cixvcI TOV pu81l1arn KOI TO b TO KUKAeu~a TOU ToAoVTW
Tn· Ta c~oprrjpora
nou CiVOl ptoa am;610KCKOlllltvcC; YfXJSJIJtc; lJovmpovrol noveu OTTJV nN:iKo aAou~lViou.
Ixn~o 4. npaKT1Knoup6ouAr, Yla TTIVKoraoKcurj.
FaEUEAIKtO <piAtpO Yla
(DX)To q>iATPO nou ncplypciq>oul'c oc TOUTO TO cip6po OVTII'CTWni1;cl onoTcAcol'OTlKci TOCVOXAllTlKO OUl'nTWI'O Tile; OXc&>v oAOKAllPWTlK!ie; uncpKciAu'l'lle; TOU o06cvoue; oriI'OTOe;cvoe; I'OKPtVOU pOll.00T061'0U ono tvo ciAAo noAu 10XUPOTCPO oril'o. Eniolle; cmTptnclT11v c~ciAc''I'll TWV Oq>UpIYI'QTWV 1Ji;0o OTllv 1;OlVll oKp60OTle;. dllAollri, O,Tl oKpiIlOle;ncpiflcvov 01 POllIOCPOoITtxvce; TOOOV KOlp6!
IxnjJO 1 Iuvc5tovTO~ oe 6to60xn ouvTOVl~O,...eva q"ATpo,6",...,oupyefTol Eva,...eTa6Af1To eupo~
~c.Jv,,~ QKOUOTc.JV au·XVOrrjn:.lV To qxATpaonoppIIJj"t; 6o"aouvamv e~ciAel(p" TWVa<pu~y,...dTwv arnvnep'ox" 6Ie).E;uo"t;
rT11V neptOXI') TWV ppaxewv KU~O
TWV, OI')Aool') ona TO 3 30 MHzCKTTCj.,mOlN paOtClCpWVlKOl. OT08IJOI. uTlTlpeOlCe; Kat pa6locpaorrexv£c; noAAOI epaOlTexvee; oKpooree; TWV ppaXEW\I, nou ouxva KoAoUVTOI DX-ers,npoooo80uv vo maoouv TO mo oouVI')6LOTO Ol')lJaro nou unapxouv o·ouree; Tie; m::ploxee; KOl nou, enet6Jinpot:PXoVTQI ono IJOKPIVOUC; nOlJnoue;IJIKPJle; lOXuoc;, eivol noAu 006E::VIKO.rQ mv AI')'+II') aUTWV TWV onO~Kpu
0IJE::VWV OTaSI-lWV, 01 DXers E::0I6£:1KVUQUV OUXVO \JlO O~IOOI')\JE::lWrl') unolJovJi Kat e:nlC5E::c;tOTI')TO K06we; npoonaSouv va onOIJOVWOOUV TO eOl6ujJl')TO 01')1J0 oVOlJeoa oc OAAO, IOXUPOTepa KOI avem6UIJI')TO, nou unopxouvCJTl'lv illlO I') oe nopanA1)OtE::e; OUXVOTI')TEe; Ot nE::plOXE::C; TWV 13paxcwv XPI)OI1J000touvrOt ylO n.\r}60e; EKnolJnWVKOI ylO TOUTO. I) KUPtO q:lpoVTi60 K06E::E::paOtTeXVl) paOIOOKpoaTTl E::lVOt 11 u'+11),\1) E::nt'\E::KTlKOTI)TO TOU 6EKTI).
01 KaAl)e; nOIOTI')1OC; 6E::KTE::e; apoxtwv EXOUV EVOW~OTWlJe\IQ OptOlJtvoKUM.WIJQTO nou IkATIWVOUV lilY emAE::KTtKOTI)To. onc.x; elVOI entAoyEle; eupouc;, ~TOTonlOn E::v610~E::ol)e; ouxvo-
TTJTa~ (IF) Kat q>tATpa anopp'IjIn<; ~w·
Vl')e; (notch filters). ~e TO anQtQ KOTOoTEMaVTOI Ot OVE::nt6UIJIlTEC; CJJxvOTTlTE::e; onlY nEPtOXI) 6t£Aet.JCJt'll; TTlC; EV6t·alJE::OI')e; OUXVOTI)TOe;. AUTO. TO KUKAwjJora, j3E::'\nwvouv KOTO noAu TTlV enLAeKTlKOTTlTO, oMO 6UOTuxWe; OEV aPiOKOVTOl OUXvO O£ CPTTlVOT£PQLJc; 6tKTec;, HQUVl)&x; lJ£tWj...I£VI) 6uvOTOTTlTO £nv.o'(Ile; E::UpOue; ~WVI)e; Ko6we; KOt TO 0venopKTl XapaKTTlPtOTIKO TWV q:l1'\TpWVKaVOUV OUTOUC; TOUe; OCKTEe; AIVOTCPOKQTaMr,AOU<; VlO £jXlOtTCXVIIO'l OKpOaa,(DX). E~ OITioe; TOU OT£VOU e:upoue;~WVl1e; pa6100UXVOTl1rae; (RF) nouxpl101IJOnOI£iTol one; n£ploxte; 13pOXEWV, TO Oq:lupiYIJQTO nau npoKoAauVTOlono TIe; roP£lJ13oA£e; Y£ITOVIKWV q:l£pouowv OUxVOmTWV I') ana TIe; nAE::uptKE::e; TOUe;, ono1£Aouv ox£6ov I-IOVlIJn KOTOOTOOfl
EnE(61) SO !'lTOV IJOAAOV KOKI) 16EOva netpci~£1 KovE::ie; ne; 13061Ji6e:e; RFKal IF TOU 6tKTTl, TO KUKAWIJO ~e;
OVTtlJerWn~el TO nP613Al11JO XP11011J0nOIWVToe; tva J,l£TOPAI)TO cpiATPD nououvepya~£TOI ~E:: TO T~Ji~O OKOUOTWVOUXVOnlTWV (AF) TOU 6tKTTl.
To q>iATPOTo AelTOUPYlKO OtoypalJlJQ TOU cptA
TPOU unOPXE::1 aTO rxn~ 1. . Evaj...I£TOPAI)TO CPlArPD 61tA£uane; XOIJI)AWV Kl a'\Ao E::VO OIJOll¥, 6ttAeuane;u'+lI)Awv OUXVOn'tTWV, OXI)IJOT~OUV tva q>tATpa 6'£M:U011<; ~wVTl~ ~ n<»luonoTO~ K,\llJrl KOI £upoe; I-I£To13'\I1TOana 400Hz ~ 3,5kHz. H neptOXnlhcM::uonc; IJnopcl va pu6JUOTCt ooouI5I)"oT£ J,l£0 o· aUTO TO cpaOJ.lO ouXVOTTlTWV. rIO TI)V KOTOOToAl) TWVOq:lUplYIJOTWV ooOlOOOl1nOTC CJJXVOTTlTOe; lJtoa OTl)V nE::PiOXI1 ~1£AeUanc;,
XPflOt\JonolouvTOI 6uo q:lIATpa onoppl'+I1)e; ~WVTle; Tunou IJ£TOYQtJ£Vf)C; ovri·OTOOI)C; (switched resistor fitters).. ETOI £ivOI OUVOTr) I) KOTOOTOM1 ooOlOUO!'lnoT£ TUnOU TlOP&J..C3oAl)e; eo np&net noVTW<; va TOVlOT£i on TO q:liArpoOUTO 6£v EivOI nOvOKE::1O ylO TTlV KOKJioXe:6iool) TOU 6tKTTl. en£1I51') 11 £ntA.£KTlKOTI)TO TOU 6tKTTl Koeopt~eTOl onomv nOlOTTlTO TWV jkJ9IJiOwv RF Kat IF.EKToe; OUTOU 0 OUTOIJQToc; eAEYXoe;evioXUOl1e; (AGe) TOU ~tKTTl eAtVX£1TTlV onoAal3Ji TWV l3a9IJi&.>v IF, tTOInou tva IOXUpO IJDpOIKO 01')1-10, 600KOI ov KOTooraAei ana TO q:liATpo
1a b
;
r,
I '\ : .' ,,\ ' J
,, ,, ", ,, ,,, ,, ,,, ,,
",, , ,, , ,, , ,, .. ,
T T, ,, , ,, , ,f
: fnotch,
, I CI , ICl --., , ,, , :, ,, ,• t • , • t •hiQh piSS
,low piSS,,
• , •notch 86001·1b
~LPF HPF asp
0- % - % - % roA .A
Q •
""nolm notch, 2
86001·h
·l.u)l~9I\OJ.J;l>l-1r1and131\~r1ldl01\13o]X31\nOoe':>orl
liol:1dXI\ll13r11O.13~!yod>oO~3l\(Y)d1YlmAC'>l(l0l10lAodXAno:>qrl90g~ylHhn
o'!JOC'.w:.lAOlJ.1\3r1qAo13rl1\lu.D10l-3vyr;>ijIU3nouortl,tDq.lDnO)to0.1QUO
lJ.d31(lyoA3r1(lYOUIOl\l3no.1J;)lU1QI\X
·nolJ.I.lQlJo39quOoduI\lu3r1'1\,,'(
-ogr13dou010f'1l:1'l9odu!3YD)toou1\3QQ1noor1l,1o01':'l,1AC'>Ao13r1:'0l0r1l,10no.1(lor1you0I3)tdJ;)19li110)t~r1you
1\C'>1lJ.oO.lDquo!:l>lll\odXli101\]3)nouQ
'l/l~=aHlJo~XoI\luQUO1013~!A
-oyoun131UD>lodunoulioo1D]..lAO~A
-d31\3H'!,U.lJygDl3r1101\]3(:'lJ.OC'>'(>I(l)t
-nXod9<>UO/~lID"'y.n.nXodlJ~AodX)
:'lun0Q9ld3UojAOYOI\OlJ.J;lYYO'l,Id39-OlD13J\~r1odou:>l:lAC'>AO.13t10.1lu9f1Xno
H'Hlio01D!J.I\O1\lJ.,J.J;)>llQOld3U131\"y)l-nXodg:'Luuq)toIQ:>q)lIAOdl>13ylJ.0'Z
ortl,1X1OlD10131\100l,IXdol,1)1loDgH
'~~I.l~~390.lDI\noX~:'~,J.
-(I')I\>IOU1010YO"·1\C'>d,J.y]<bI\M1(l0r1011\-o.1l\non01:>l,IyOg013rl:x.t.1~r101I\OOX
-MOX>13Y~,J.0:>910""9101\13'(aOUEl·s!saJPajIOJ)UOO4W!MaSlnd)«I\"rlyou1\(1').10I3)1dJ;lIQI\luquo~lJoO.lD1,J.1\0:>oX
-A3'V.~"1OJ.3A:,l'{nou:'C'>r1c;>~)tII\X3J.01113V'l"131\]AOAOYO>l(l3101\]31\39010J.~.1
u.J;l>l'(lor1aog(loylJrtmodJ.Yld>Ol\~,1·1\".1(1')I\>lnuA(I').1l,11\(l}30J;l.101.l1\OI\(I'),J.
l,I:>~u.1001\0dX91nol10J.I\OYYJ;lgOJ.3rl01\13u~du~~X3I\nO1D.l3Y'(J;)gOJ.3r101\
!3dour101\13U~du:>~uo)touooJ.luQ"X-nolJ~Q13U3"l\(I')d.1y]d>(lor190g:>no.1
noy!JttJnlJol,1dXAlJJ.13(l3doAounliD]Y>lUI\3r1(lO.uouoH':'~J.nXOI1\3:'(l0)tI.103Y
-3130101J\0~!OognouodJ.Yldlt;>Ad31\-3]310U0r110lidX:>0r1Qr1C'>y)I(l)l01
Dd~'(!dl
9~lt'(IlD~3r1DII3r1g:ilAodXAnl
:>
q
ev
o
o
,roo
HO/UO
"""------r+ ----------~---l-: ~-----.-......"'""r.',•,
4=>lOU
,-----r----------~----------r----+,:SSRd-46!4: ,,
i~"i ,, ,,'.1____Iv'1_~
,,,
I
~''''''''
•
•
'A(')dl-'(!dJA(,)A3rlI)OIOUOrl
-lolJdXA(')l513~Pl019
5;?:>IloDgI()·vOrll,JXI
'5(1OO'(ou5nOA;?r1olAodXAno
puoIOlAO~AOlAnO
O'(pnou'5l.utllddpuoOdl'(!dJpuo10:>11\(')1
-l,JloAXnoA~'(lJrlOX
10:>1A~'(lJmn5LDn3y-~IQocll'(.KhOA;?rl39-AnOl?:>IIX0901Qguo1OJ.!3'(310UOxa001
-'(!dJ1/1P13AXP9orl.rlodAl?'9p:>llAdnoll3y0101(101.(orlUXI
'5013:>1dl?l95(11-lJ'(g013rl5(1OO'(ou
3rlA(,)A3rl9XA3'(3A(')3Dl?1DllAOUDI,JdX
lJ10A!3~933rlnodJ-l?dAld3UnOllA(')dl-'(!dJA(')A3rlQ)IA01AnOA(')l~AdnOlr.J'(I,JXdo(.1:>1lOogH'lorlI,JXI
TI
lIT
lJ1J
Z"lOO98
0"[ T
"~,~
.~rr
o
Jep'°'lll>
%.dl
'~r .dH
"%' .dl
HO!UO
4=>lOU
'III'J.1'lqnop
r----------------------, ,, Ir-------I--,,'
.epJ°'l11>
%.dl
.ep.O'lll>
%.dH
:---------r~---~~~---~--~~~~~-·-!~-~~-~~~-+~~~~~~~:1::~o"un ::i--------:--------j---------"--01'l~IOUI ..:t4--__
,'I,,,
UO/UO
4=>lOU
JIIIIJ.l"It<lnop
£'lOO9B
•
{;~
~z
5a
NO~a4¥·~'--tJ~ ~_----J
...,~y.~'-1-1--------------------------,,~~ '\-l--
_ j-l--
r 'N~ l
I.r~·r~~
"'1 ~. lel- TlGtoO"'5 - IC3 - flGtoO.... "'12_IC<l_ flGtoOIII U4*a._I. I.-M»*_I. UU-lC7 __
U1J Ul.*IQ-_1111 U20.ICt._Ull lSJO-IC.M-_lsa Ra*lC.ll __
'!"-.... ,0 •
uu
...... ... ~'p, 'N.. '
IX;'I1Q Sa. To KUK),w,.tQ TOU q,;),TPOU
Kat TOU eVloXuTrj.
OVTlOTooewv Ul+lI1Arie; OToSepOmTOe;,n·x· lJe OVTlorooele; lJeTOAAIKOU cpiAlJovoxrie; 1%.
To ACITOUPYIKO llLCiypa~l'a
To AelToupYIKO OIOypalJ~ TOU cpt"TPOU ox unopxEl OTO LxTilJa 1. Tocpv..Tpa oltAeu011e; XOlJl1AWv ouxvon;TWV (LPF, low-pass filters) txouv tvaKOlV6 0'Ii1J0 eM:VXou, onwc; KOI TOovriOTolxa Olt"EUOI1e; ulJIrV.wv (HPF,high-pass filters). 01 OUO OUxvoTI1Tee;onappll+ll1e; puSlJit:ovrol ave~oPlTlra.
To cpiArpo oltAeu011e; u4JI1Awv KOI XoIJI1Awv e:ivOl Tunou Sallen and Key,IJE: XOPClI<TI1PlOTlKn Butterworth TWV24dBloKrQI3a OTl1v onoKOm; KOI eninEol1 OnOKPIO'1 onlY neploxn oltAEU011e;. €l£WP'1TIKO EnOIJ&VWe;, eo tn~-
ne va 0111JlouPYl18ei KNOll 48dBloKT0f30 ylO TIe; XOIJI1Ate; ouxvorl1ree;KQl 72dB/oKTof30 yla TIe; Ul+lI1Ate;. LI11JE:IWoT£ nOvrwe; on npOKTlKO TO 72dB IJ6AAov So eivQl neptnou 60, e~ol
rioe; TWV ovoxwv rou KUKAWIJOToc; KOIme; oA.ia6r)Olle; TWV xapaKlTlplOTIKWVrou.
To cpv..Tpa anOppll+ll1e; EivOI T1JnouOIl'l"OU - T, TWV onoiwv TO OIKTUW4JOKo8oPIOIJOU OUXVOTTlTOe; IJ,nopei vaf3paXuKuKAw8ei ~ eva OloKOnlTl, nouKovel TOV OvriOTOIXO TeAE:OTlKO eVIOXUTri va AelTOupyei cav onA6c; ono1J,0vwnie;·
To KuKAWl'aTo KUKAWIJ,O TOU q:liATpoU <poiverot
oro LXJiIJO 5. H onoAo~Ji Tn<; ~~i-
ooe; el06oou, IC1, pu8jJit:uQl ano TOP1 jJETO~U 0 KOI 34 dB, Ylo va IJnopEi va oplOTonOIEiTOI 11 OTo8IJ'1 TOUofHJQToc; ElOOOOU. To cpiATPO IJnop£iva ouvoE8Ei an· Eu8Eiae; OTTlV t~ooo
£Y'/POCjlJi~ npo~ ~OVVllT6cpWVO (RECORD) rou otKTI1. rTr"l ouveXelo, TOEVIOXU~VO orilJO eloooou nepVOEI 0
na TO TlJTiIJO t.iLtAEU011e; xalJl1"wv OUXVOTl'iTWV A1-A2, TO TlJrilJO oLt"eu0'1e; UlJI'1Awv A3-A4, TO cpiATpa onoppl4Jr"le; t:WV'1C; AS KOt A6, TO TlJnlJOOltAEUOI")c; XOlJ'1Awv OUXVOTl'iTWV A7AS, TO TlJrtlJO OttAEUOlle; U4JrV.Wv A9A10 KOI reAIKO, ana TO TlJnlJO oltAEU011e; XOlJl1Awv A11-A12. To or'ljJOTOEM:YXOU yiO TO OIOCPOpa TlJrilJOTO TOUcpiATpoU elocpxovrOt oro KUKAW~ 0no TO OKpO 1...4.
Ixt'NJo 58. To KUKAWlJO TTl, ytvvrjrpl
oC; rnAIJciJv.
Ta KUK~~Ta cAcvxou ncu napayouv TO or)~aTa IJ£TOYWVi}C; cpaivovTOI aro IXrllJO Sb. 0 QOTo⁣ "oAuOOvrrnic; le13, Gyri VIO Qvrmaol'l,nau civot 1'10 OUvn810IJtVTl, IJ£Ta~U
lTlC; QKi6ac;. TaU 7 Kat me; "'lYTIc;rpClq)ooooi(](;, txt. !JIG nrlVr; PCUI.lOTOe;, TO T1. H 616Ta~1l cuni COlrptOCtTTlV VPOjJlJlKTi qlOpTlaTl TaU nuKVwn'lXPOVIOIJOU C47. H nplovwn'l KUIJQTO
IJOpcpr; OUXVOTIlTOC; 40kHz nau "cpOVETOt jJ' aurov TOV rp6no Kat £I.lq>avi~£Tal 0TTlV oKi6a 2 TaU le13. em~6AAcTOl all(; IJI')-avaoTpecpouocc; £1o66oLK; lWV OUYKptTWV A13.. A16.PUelJ~OVTQ(; nc; TOO€K; OKQVOO'\t
OlJoU OTIC; avOOTp€:<pOuoCC; £100000<;,
,.JnOPoUv va IJEToJ3QMoVTOt 01 al/ClAovice; ncploowv TWV TCTpaYWVIKWv "CIAIJWV ~66ou. 0, ara8lJcc; TWV KQrw
cpAIWV 15ltyepoflC; jJnopouv va IJCTOPN160uv ouv£XWC; ano TO n01£I/OlOIl£Tpa P8 (q>iATpa 6ltAcuanc; Xa~~
Awv. LPF). Pl1 (q>iATpa OltAcuanc;uljI~Awv. HPFJ. P14 (q>iATPO anappl1jI~C; ~,;,~C; NOTCH1) Kal P17 (q>iATpa anapptljl~~ ~w~C;. NOTCH 2).To npopue~~o~va nOT£vOl~£Tpa
nau OX£T~OVTOl J.lC K08£ KUp\O noT£VOlOlJ£TPO Kaeopi~ouv TO ePiC ncptOxr'lc:; ouxvoTTirwv TWV cpiArpwv. TocpiArpa anoppll.JJJlC; NOTCHl KalNOTHCH2 llflopoUV va TESoUV £VToc; 11CKTo<; ACITOUPYioC; 1J£:0Tlt; leuV 610KOmwv 51 Kat 82 avricrrolxa. KAEivovrae; curoi at OtoKomec;, l3paXUKUKAwvouv TO OvnOTOIXO cpiArpo.
To 6lKTUWIJOro P2-R21-C16 KatP3-R27-C21 £nlTptnouv TTlV oKp!f3npOO~1Oll TWV qiATpc.lV anOpptljlJl'; (lIMnc Ix~~a Sa).
KQTQOK£Ur;ria npaKTIKOUC; A6youC;, 11 nACKEr
TO nau npoT£ivou~ Yla TO KUKAWIJO
IJnOP£1 va KOI1£i ora OUO, onwc; O£iXVCI ~ <l<QI(orn6IJc~ Vpa~~~ ara IX~
IJll 6 To Eva T~.n:n.Kl ncplEXEI m;VEVYr'ITPU:C; OnlJOTWV IJE:TayWVnC;, EVW
TO aAAo TO TJ..n'UJOTO TOU cpiArpou Kat
nc; lla8lJ>6cc; cYlaXuaJl';.rUV1OTO~£ va XPIlOl~nolriO£T£
yKJ TO cpiArpa nUKVwr£:c; KaMe; nOlOTT1TOC; (MKT) Kat aVTlOToOCK; UlV'lN;C;aro8tpolTlToC; (jJ£ToMIKOU cpi,\J.t). To"Ilvia L1, LL2 Kat L3 £ival anonvum·KO POOlOOUXVOTTlTac; Kal anon:AOlJv·Tal ana 6 Gneipe<; I3£PVIKW\JEVOU xoA·KtVOU OUPIJOTO<; O,25mm (32 ri 34SWG) TuAiV~V<C; ac Xav6pa q>cppi111 3 x 3mm.
ApxiOTe KoMwVTQ<; npWTQ Ta veCPUPW~TQ nou unOOCIKvUOVTot KatKaTomv Ton08ETWVTO<; oAo Ta c~ap
n'UJCJTa OTI<; nAoKETI£!;. rTTl ouvtXCIQ OUVOCOT£ Ta OKpa +8V, -8V, VI1,1, 2, 3 Kal 4 OTTlv nAaKtnQ TTl!;V£vvflTPta<; naAIJ6.lV IJC TO aVTiOTOl)(aoKpa T11<; nAOKEnQC; TOU cpiATPOU.Kahw6tWOTC TO nOT£volo~Tpa ETOtnou Ot tlpolJ£i<; TOU<; va «~cixvouv ..OTO oKpa "a" oTav civat OTpalJlJEVOtTcAciw!; aplOTCpO. AUTO civat ~OAIK6,
cncl6ri TOTC !Jia aU~I101l 0TTl OUXVO·TTlTQ Ek1 OVTtOTOl)(ci ~ tlc~t60Tpoq>l1
A13 ... A16 = IC12 =TL084
86001·5b
c••
8V,--.......----+--......-{+
8V+
Sb
8V 8V+ +
C53
•IC12
11 • 8
7
lOOn R07 IC137555
0
2
8V
rpO<PoOooia EVOe;; TEAIKoU EVIOXUT~
OKOUOTWV OUXVOTr)TWV, oov OUTOUnou npcTEivou~E OlO rxYi~o 713. HEioooCX;; TOU EV10XUTTi ouvc5tETOI OTT'tv£~ooo TOU qliATpoU IJEOW TOU c5po~£o
TOU P6. LI1IJEIWOTE OTl T600 TO Tpc·CPOOOTIKO 600 Kal 0 TEAlKO<; EVIOXU·nie;; f:ivol npOCUpETlKO Kal OCV unop·XEl nAaKtTTo YIO aUTO.
<510 XPEIO~ETOI \.lOVO Yla Tl1v EiooooKal Tie;; E~OOOUe;; TOU cptATpoU. 01 unoAOlnEe;; -oUVO£OEle;; KOAunpa vo yiVOUV ~E TOlVia nOAAanAwv (£YXpw·IJwv) KaAwc5iwv ~ IJE IJIKPO ~r)KIl AE·mwv IJOVW~EVWV oywywv.
To TpmpoooTIKO Tlle;; c5K1TO~I1e;;, nouUnaPXEI oro rXTllJa 'la, EivOl ou~j3aTl·KO Kl iowe;; 6EWPl16Ei nOAu 10XUpO ylOTIe;; anOlTliOEIe;; TOU KUKAwlJoTO<;, aMoIJOopEi va XP'lOI~EUOEI Kat YIO TTlV
m
KiVllOTl TOU c5jJOlJ£a. 01 <5taKomEe;; 51Kat 52 oUvc5£oVTat IJETO~U TWV aVTi·OTOIXWV aKjXoJV TOUe;; OTI1V nAoK£TToKat TOU OKpOU M.
AUTO nou anOIJ£VEI EivOl TO KOAWc51C1 El06<50u Kal E~O<50U, EKTOe;; onolTlV K~pla £~ooo A, unoPXouv OAMe;;OUO, 01 B KOI C, .0Tle;; onoiEe;; ~noPEi
vo ouvc5e8Ei tva 1J0VVIlT6<pwvO r) £vae;; onoKwc5IKOnOl'lTr)e;; TI1AETunou ~
OI1IJOTWV Morse. 8WPOKlOIJ£VO KOAw-
H PU911I011H pu6~lal1 TOU cpiATpOU opxil;EI
OTptcpovrae;; Ta P1, P2, KOI P3 aroIJ£OO Tlle;; <51o<5polJT1e;; TOUe;; Kal TOOKOAOUeo npopU61J1l;OIJEVO TEA£iwe;;c5E~IO (ar11V EAOXlOTI1 ovriaroOTl): P7,P9, Pl0, P12, P13, P15, P16, P18.npOe;; TO nopOv, j3paxuKuKAWaTE IJtOW TWV 51, 52 Kal TO c5uo cpiATpoonOppllJlI1e;; l;WVIle;;. npWTO KoeopiarETTlV OUVOAlKT1 nEplOXT1 OUXVOn')TWVTWV nOTEVOIOIJ£TPWV P8, P11, P14Ka, P17. npoc; TOUTO XPElol;ETOI £voe;;nOA~oypocpoe;; Yla VO anEu(Qvil;EI TllvTETpaYWVlKr) KUlJaTo~opcpr) Tlle;; E~O
c50u TOU A13. LTpt4JTE TO P8 TEAEIwe;; OPlOTEpO (0 opOIJ£ae;; TOU va c5Ei·XVEI OTO cea"), onOTE 11 TOOTI E~OOOUeo YIVEI IJOVllJa nEpinou ·7V.. YOTEpo OlPE4JTE npOOEKTIKO TO P7 \.l£XPITO ol1lJEio nou oPxIl;ouv va EIJCPOVIl;ovrQl 6£TlKOi noA~oi. LTpt4JTE TOP8 TEAEIWe;; c5E~ui, onoTE 0TllV £~ooo
TOU A13 eo EIJCPOVIOlEi ~OVIIJO eETlKr)TOOTl. Karomv, OTP£4JTE TO P9 IJ£XPIV· apxioouv va E~cpavil;ovTOI 0pVllTlKoi noAlJoi. H c510<51Kaoia aun') EnovaAOlJf30VETOl IJ£XPI vo j3Ej301w6EITE OTlTO P8 EivOl 0lTl owarr) TOU nEploxT1.H pUeIJlOl1 TWV MAWV TPIWV nOTEVOIO~£TPWV yiVETOI IJE TOV iolO TpOno.
H napanavw c51O<5IKooio pU81J10J)e;;eo <5WOEI TllV lJ£ylOTll nEpIoxr) OUVTOVIOIJOU TWV cpi)..TPWV (c5I1Aa<5r1IJEY1OTI1OUXVOTllTO onoKon~e;; 3,5 kHz. ~£Yl·
OTI1 OUXVOTI1TO cpiATpwV anOpp1lJll1e;;2,5 kHZ). Av aUT~ 11 nEploxYi 8EWPI1·6Ei nOAu EKTETOJJtVll, IJEIWaTE TTlVano TO OVTIorOtxa npcpU81J1l;0~EVO
nOTEVOIOIJETpa.AVOAOyO IJE TTlv 0T661J11 EIOO<50U
TOU c5£KTTl, pUelJiOTE TO Pl Yla lTlVKaAuTCPI1 c5uvan') AElTOupyio TOU cpi.\TpOU, npoocXOVTOe;; VO 1J''lV 4JaMlc5i·l;ETOt TO 0I'i1J0 E~OOOU.
ria Tllv pu8~1011 TWV unoAolnwvnpopuelJll;olJEVWV nOTEVOIOIJ£rpWvKo6E cpiATjJOU anOPPllJll1e;;, OTptlJlTETO KQT' apx~v Yla va c5Waouv -EUpEia" onoKptOl1 OUXVOTIlTOe;;, <5'lAoc5r)TO cpiATpo 6tEAEUOTIe;; U4JI1AWV 600 TOc5uvaTO XO~I1AOTEjX1 KOI TO cpiATpO<5tE:AEUOI1e;; XOj..ll1AWV 000 TO c5uvaro
.....--------------------------------' U4JI1AOTEpa. .6.wOTE OTllV EIOoc5o TO
cpiATpO EiTC 1.kHz I1IJITOVIKO Or1IJOana YEW~TPlO, EiTE tva ora8Epo TOvo OU~oAr)e;; (OcpUPlYIJO) ono TOV c5E·KTIl. EVEPyonolEioTE TO cpiATpo anoppllfJ'le;; KOI pu6j..1iOlE TO Wanou vaEAaXIOTOnOUleEi TO or)~o E~OOOU TOUcpiATpOU. rTI1V OUV£XEla pu8~il;oVTQl
TO npopu6~Il;o~vo KOI PU61J10TIKOe;;nUKVWn')e;; (trimmer) oro aVTioTolXOTIJr)IJO TOU KUAWlJaTOe;; TOU rX~IJOTOe;;
sa, YIO v aU~l1eEi 11 E~ooe£vl1ol1 TOU
l!.IOq.opaLl, L2, L3 = 6 on£lpcl;IkPVIKW~('VOU XOAKIVOUOUPI.lOTCX:; OIOIH:TPOU0,25 mm (32 SWG).TUAIY~VCt; O£ xovOpa<p£ppiTll 3 x 3mm81, S2 '" 1PH (onAolpovonOAIKoi)nAOKf;:TIO EP8 86001
nUKVWTCC; I13At.:m: K(.I·
~vo)
Cl '" 47nC2 '" 220pC3. C46 ,. 470nC4. C22. C30 27nC5, C23. C31 4n7eG, C24, (:32, C49
C52 '" 10nC7. C25. C33 = 8n2C8 Cll, C26 C29 '"15nC12 C15, cn C20 '"2n2C34 C3S. C47 '" 1nC36 C39 '" 10~/16V
C40 C45, C48, CS3,C5' I 'oonC16. C21 = 100pF. puef,llaTIKCx; (trimmer)
HI.HOYWYOIT1 BC 557 BDl = LED
ICl '" LF 356IC2. 1C3. (;4, IC12TL084ICS lel1 '" 4066BIC13 '" 7555
Ixr'/lJa 6. H n),al<eTTa TOU cpiArpou DCMnope; va I<onei010 6(10, I<QTQ 1Jr'/I<OC; Try<; 6lQI<Onr~F>
V1'K YP<lIJIJr'/C;·
AVT1OTaO£lC; 03Af;:nC Kci~VO)
Rl '" 22Oic:R2 '" 10KRJ, AS, R7. R9. R40.A41, R43. R46. RSS.AS7. AS9, R61. R63 ..R34 '" 3K3R4, R6, AB. Rl0. RJ9.R42. A44, R4S. AS6.ES8. R60, R32 '" 15Oic:Rl1, R47 39K
R12. R48 680R13. R49 5K6R14 RSO 270KR15. ASl 120KR16. R17. RS2. AS32,2R18, R27, R28, R37.R38, R54 '" lOOKR19 R21, R25. R26,
R29, R31, R35. R36 '"27,R20. R22. R23, R24.R30, R32, R33. R34 '"1M5R3S 4K7R66 470R37 12KPl '" SOOK, npopu~.l1
~6~vo
P2, P3 '" 1M. npopu
8lJli:6~cvo
P4. PS '" 10K, npopu
e~li:6~cvo
P6 '" 10K, AoyaPle~IKO
P7, P9. P10, P12, P13.P15, P16, P18 '" 2SK.npopue~li:6~cva
P8, Pll. P14, P17 '"1OK, npopue~li:o~£vo
IXry",o 70. f1apdoc,ypa OUJ4.1CTp4KoUTpoqlOOOTI<OU +8V
CDWTOypaqJlO 1 H
flO j.JcyriAry ~wV7) 61Ei\cuOEW(' CIVQl aravTO TIJiI~ e5tEi\EUOEWl;ucpr'JAwv EIIlOI TO XO",ryAOTE:po KOI TO
TI.1f7j.JO 6"lci\euoEwe;XQl.Jr'JAciJv TO U(Jir'JAO
TEpO
4>WTOYPO/Pia 2. E&AJTO oryj.J£io anoKonrjtT(,)V cpiATpWV eil<fltnoi\u KOvrQ j.JETO~U
TOOC;-. Kl tTOI 677lltOUpyeiTOJ 1liO oTevrj~ciJVtJ 6ttAEU077C;-. HKNOry me; XopaKT77p,arlIOit one; UfJJt1AdTepCe; ouxvOnrree;6IEA£uonc; yIVCTOI 0
KOIl77 mo anOTOJ.lt16ci~ovroe; TO (fJiATpOanOpPlfJJ77e; omv «6a01')>> T77C; KOJ117uA,'K
<pwToYp:lqlia 5 H an6ppll.IJ'l TWV qllATpwV yiVCTOl lJEya
Aurcp'l orav ouvOc90uv OUO i6lc~ ~o
va6ce; OC 611l6oXTl.
(Iuyl(pivETE T'lV IJE
TTlV (J)WTOypa.q>IO 3.
<DwToypaqJlO 3 E~a
ogeW}ory 6"00 OUXVO
TrjTwv (n.x evoc; pa6,0T1jM ninou FSKlIJCoo onlY nEplOxTi
6Ic)..cuonC; TOU \pIAT!XlU.
CDWTOYp:lqlia 4. Aun;'l I()"jO'l 6'l~IOUPYTi
6nKE ouvOtovTO~
OE OIOOOX'l 6uo nAo-KETTEC; q>V.TpWV!UyKpiVCTC T'lV ~E
T'lV ovTiorolXll TllC;<I>wTOypaq>iac; 1
IxfuJo 76. npoTElVOIlevo KUKM.)I10 TCNKO';' eVloxunj nouIlnopci va )',pI')0lJ10
nOlr/Sci arrw t{06oTOU cpiArpou OX.wWTOypacpia 1 Toeupoe; ~ciJVtJe; 61£A£UOFlC; TOU ~ATPOU
e;vQl ll£YICJTO aravTO TJirjlJOTa 6ftA£uol')e; WlryAwv ouxvoTryTWV puSj1IOTOUV
omv XOIl7lAOTEPI'/ n1lt1 TOUe; Kat ra qJli\Tpc 6"fti\CUCJ11t: XOIlryAciJv O'T1Jv ulllryAOTl:Pn
I5EOfle; oc i5lOooxTi i5uo 16!WV j3a8IJii5cuv Q)tMpwv, nou CMYXOVTOl onolJio KEVlPll<li YCVVI1TPIO nOAlJwv.
.n100" 6W
'000
EniAovo~ ~
E~&Ta~OVTae; npoOCKTlKOlEpa TIe; ~
<l>wToypacpice; 4 Kal 5 ~MnOUIJE on ~
av Kalal pu8lJiOEK; lCUV nOTtVOlOIJElpCUV tivol oAoii5lce; IJE oUTte; TWV<l>wTOypOq>tWV 1 Kat 3, EntTUYXOVtTOlIJEya.AUTCPIl KAiOfl onoKonne; TaU <ptATpOU Kat IJEyaAurcPI1 c~ao8tvl1Ol1.
AUTO tiVOl TO anoTt~~o me; auv·
~EtToupyiae; TaU 01 q><.:lTOYPOCPtt<; 1, 12 KOt 3 i5cixvouv IJCptKC<; TumKc<;
KOlJnuAce; nou OnOKTTlElnKov IJC aUTOTO qiATpo
4x1N4001, ......:• .:,.22"
2.12 V500.'
MOOl·7b
--
Be547B
L_-... -JL-4. --4__-{_ BY
r----,,-~-+-~-.,....----~-+<+ BY
ru
LED
".
7b
7a
~~Oh"-+f-f
oTlIxnoc:; tlOOOOU H iOta i5lOi5tKOciayiV£TOI KOt yta TO ciMo q>i.\TpO anopplllJl1<;, ExOvrOe; OIJW<; epaxuKuKAwIJtvo aUTO nou Cx£t 11&1 PU8IJtOT£l.
H Xpr;OIl TOU lpiATPOUEivol ncpa ana TOU<; oKonoue; OUTOUTOU ap6pou vo i5WoOUIJE ouompoue;KOt AtmolJEpEie; KOVOVEe; YIO mv AEIToupyio TOU cpi.\Tpou, cncKSI') Ot KOVOvce; CUToi eo npoKUI.pOUV ono TTlVnpaKTIKIi ccpaPlJoV'i TOU q>v..TpoU, noueivot Kat 0 1J0vai5tKo<; TPonoc; t~OI
KciwOll<; ~ TOV Tpono xOl1ane; KOt
avam.u~OUIJ£ npoYpOlJlJOTQ KQl np6oBeTc<; IJOVaOCC;, nau va 60uAeUquvO£ onolov6r;nOTE unoAoVtani MSXaV£~ciPTTlTa ana TOY KomOK£uOOTTlTOU.
To npwTo IJ£Pcx; DuTtie; TTlC; OClpaC;TWV ap6pwv, exCl va KQYEl 1-1£ tVQ
eueAlKTo OUOTTlIJO MSX ypal4Jwv £106ooule~ooou (VO), tva ~eTaTponi:a
AID Kat n6pro 1/0 8 bits Via puo~
Tc.>oIl IJC aurov.. Elm £"JnAoUTi~OVTQI
O£ ~VciAo Pa6IJO at 6UvOrOTI1TCC;• TOU unoAoYllm; VIC tAtyXo &~WT£PI-O'Elpa KWV OUOK£UWV. H Microsoft extended
Basic (MSX) civQt TWpa 11 peon TOUAOylKOU VIa ilIa OAOKArlP'l 01.1060 uno·AOYlaTWV IJE ~£vciAI1 01-101011110 aTOxapOKTrlPIOTlKO TOU UAIKOU TOUe;.
rUYKpIVO\J& VOl 1J£ TOY YVWOTO unoAoVIOni Commodore C64, xapaKTl1pi-~oVTal ana TIC; oKoAou8c<; PCATIW(JE1e;:• ll.l.a8Crouv IJIG ncploooTEPO CKT£TO~tllll V~Wooa BASIC ~e ~e~TI",~t
'ICC; 6UVQrOTI)Tet; XEIpIOIJOU QKoAou
8tWV xapatm'}pwv (string) KOI IJ£ IJt>ya).UTtpO apl81J6 VIa ypaqlli~J(lTo.
• . Exouv &vow~arw~tvfl ~ovoOo
evlitOIJ£OIle; QUvOCOl1e; eKTunwn; ~e
TO npOruno Contronics.
• .EXauv unaooxt~ PROM VIa ~u
O\Joroofl ene Krooewv.
• lila8tTouv npoTuno AetTOUPVtKOauanwa I MS-DOS) oe OiOKO.
H ~eAtTTl nou viveToI OTO op6poaUTO eo oUVKeVTpw8ei OTle; IJ£TaTpOnte; nou nptnel va yivouv OTO V&VtKOOUOTTU.Kl Vpa~~wv 110, nou txel oxe6100Tei VIa rov unoAovtOni C64 KOtOnwe; Exel neptvpacpei oro TeuxOe;TOU EAtKTOp TOU Iouviou 1985. Ot~eToTponte; oUTte; eivat onopoiTflTee;, enetlin 01 unoAoYlorte; TTle; OCtpOe; MSX XPTlOl~onotoUv VevtKO rov~IKpoen~epvaani Z80. 01 np6a6eTee; nAaKtTTee; VO TO OUOlTJIJCl ouronau lifll"IOOteUTllKOV ~XPt eliw, eoXp£toorouv KOt ourte; eAacppte; IJ£TOTpante; KOI oUVKeKpt~tvo 0 jJ£TOTPOntoe; AI D Kat D'A nepIvpacpoVTOI oroTeuxoc; TOU louviou 1985 KOI fl OKTOlV'iCPIO n6pTo 110 OTO Teuxoc; TOUlleKe~~piou 1985.
CPOP£TlKWV TlJnwv unoAoVIOTWV TOOOoro 0£0(0 rou AOVIKOU (software) 600KOI oro n£liio TOU UAIKOU (hardware).
M£ TTlv TunonoiflOTl T£AIKO o£ npoKTlKi} l3<i0Tl £iVOl c5UVOTO TWpa va
Yla
M&TQTpontc; aTo aUaTlll'QVPOI'I'WV I/O
rio '110 XPflOt~OnOtfl8£i TO V£VIKOOUOTTl~ Vpo~~WV 110 ~l~ TOY ene~epyacm; Z80 eo XPf.aoJTouv j..i£PIK&c; IJ£Tarponte; KaT" e~nXKJTo flOU<>q:leiAoVTOt OTTlV UOO~fl TWV Of'UJQ
TWV lORa, RD Kat WR Of. oun; TflVCPU. AUTTi fl CPU XPflO~O..~t)l£i Kaltva 6Mo arlin cmAovne; TWV KOVaAlwv I/O OUVKptVOjJ£VO lJe eKcivo TOUrunou 65XX.
To arilJCl lORa 8a nptn£t va avoorpacpei, 0'11 oVTlKaTOornoel TOV noAjJo XPOVlOjJOU C1>2 TOU 65XX. rIO TOOKono aUTO TO 1C2 OVTIKa8ioroTOt lJetvav ovoorpocpta TOU Tunou74LS240. H jJ£TOTponn aUTn eo 0'110orpE:ijJel avanocpeuKTO oAo TO oiljJOTO ncu nOlpvouV jJtoo ana TO 1C2,oMQ aUTO 1.l0C; eivat apKcTo xonOluo.
TQ auan'H,QTQ MSX txouV TO npoTtp1lI'Q on 01&mnpOae&n:C; KQTQaK&utc; KQl TQ npovpcil'l'QTQ nouax&lllci~OVTQl I'nopOUV VQ auv&PVQa80uv 1'&onOlovlllinOT& unoAOVlan; MSX.l:TT]V a&lpci TWV cip8pwv nou 80 QKoAoueliaouv eQunci~ouv I'&PlKci &mnpoa8&Ta KUKAWI'QTQ nou eQQu!;liaouv TIlV lluVQTOTT]TQ TOU unoAoVlan; VIQtA&VXo &!;WT&PlKWV aUaK&UWV,
U1tOAOYIO'troV
H e~qxiVlon TTle; oelpOe; unoAoVIorwv MSX (Mikrosoft extended Basic) orweiwoe eOlTuxia oe rtTolo 1308~6, wore '110 ~&n&pOOTOUV TO npoBAr'WaTO 0TTl ouv£PVooo jJ£TO~U lilo-
enclOil TO aTUJO RD (OvOyvWOTl) aVT!OTp£q)£TOI Kat ~nopei ~& TOV Tp6nO
auro va XPTlol~onoln&i VIC va tntrpcwtl T11 ~£Ta<pop6. O£Oo~tvwv arcOUOTTlIJQ VPOIJIJWV, xwpic; npo13Afu.loTO. 01 apl6\Jot TOU avoiYlJoroc; 1... 4eo txouv OioTox8ei KOTO TlW ovriCTPOCPI1 O&lpO, cn£Il15Ti -Kalal OltUSUv0€1e; AO...A3 avaarpccpovrol, onwc:;:yiv£TOI Kat 1-1£ TIC; r&ocxpec; OIQTl8t~V&c; OI&u8uyocu; IJtoa 0& Koeeeva cnO TO avoiYIJOTO (slots). TonpoYpOlJlJoro Via TO IJ£TOrponta AIDKQl TrW OKTOl,jJn<P1C n6prQ va 6&vXPE:l<i~ovTal IJETQrponcc:;:, 01 nAcKErTEe; QUTt<;~c:;: &ntAtyoVTol !Jovo 1.1&TO 0Ii~0 SS" (Slot select = trMOY~
avoiY\JOTOC;) Kat Of;v xpnO~onolouv
K~I-Ia anoKwOlKOnoiTlOTl 6teuSUvoewv lJtoa OlC avoiV~Ta lOUe;.. EvaQKOj.D') nAeov£KTTHJQ TOU orilJCHOc; 10RW TOU zao eivol I.IIQ anAouoTcUOIlTOU KU~WIJOT~ anoKwC5IKonoinanc;OI£u8uvoe:wv. Acpoo n CPU eival 0&aton va &m,\t~&1 TO Kov6'\la 1/00...255 ~t"", TOU OIi~Te<; 10RO KOITWV 61&u9Uvo&wv AO...A7, TO &~op
m~Ta 1C3, R1 .. ,Rl KOI 51 ~nopouv
va napa'\&lcp90uv. To i'OJm ouvot&·Tal OTn vpo~~~ A10 TOU oUOT~~aTo~
VPO~olv 110, tvOl TO A4...A7 TTl~
CPU OIlVoivouv OTIC;: ypo~~tc;:
A12...A15. IuvotOTt TnV aKiOa 18~t TTlV 19 TTl~ KtVli~ ~aOT)C; TOU 1C3
ylO TTlV &V&PvonoiTlOfl rou 1C4 1.1& TOai~ lORa KOt npaVlJOTOnOlliOT& TO~POXUKUK'\WJJOTQ b, d KOI g 6nwc;:6&ixv&TOI oro oXr'l1JO 1.° tnt~tpvaom~ Z80 xpnOI~onolti
~&XWPIOTci ar'woTa Via &yypocpr; KOtovciVVWOll (RO KOI ~ aVTi VIO TOVouvOooo~a (RlVh tTOI n vpo~u', IRd9a 9UOIOOT&i Ylo YO CPI'\O~&Vr;O&l TTlvpo~~ WR TOU Z80. AUTO unovotiOTt 0 ~&ToTpontoc;: AID KOI Tl OKTOwr'lCPIQ n6£!9 va nptn&1 va ncipouyTO o~~o WR ana TTlV nponvou~vn,
OUV&:011 iRQ TOU OUOn;~TOC;: TWVVjXll.1~WV, n&plo06T&pa 0lle..><; n6vw0' aUTO 90 noulJ& napaKQTw.
Ta t~Opm~aTO n, R13 KOI R14
Ixrj~a 1. To yeVlKOOUOTtwo YPoJ.jJ.jtJJvliD, nau oX£61ti0T11·K£ OPXIKO ylO vaxp'IolJ.jonoIr/9tir; J.j£rov CommodoreC64, J.jnopti va j,lt·rorpanti tUKOAa v,ava 60uAtlpti j,lt o·nOlo6rjnor£ rono u·noAoYIOTTj MSX
1
*__"",.11_".,,,
N1 ... N4 "IC6" 74lS02
Jll ..• l\,a.1hU~
C1 ... C••••100n
,--:---:&::·-!!I¥'t--"~'¥~t"¥8f.!0!J:S!!j.!S%~!!j.!8l:'8'r.0I:'F.'I-:::-,et.5'1"~1'1a1".~a11a~
»»
r+'f~t;:H-t-H+t+t-t-t-:H-:Hi+het
+
•I
o
,v+
••IC'
7•LS
135
'"
,v
12 00 is 1'0 11
01 '1,~'f~iEklM 02 IC4 '2 l'1 en "l' (M 74 ,. 15SOSlSI'5. M
De 688 N 11, Q1 l"1roo
"
iUJ1It: ~:-----t::f:'~~-----~II
......:0-;-----,II,Oy:~
L_J 1
MSX 110.tot bus
JOG ............ I r-, r-' 5Vt .. IV:~ -svlo--+-----e~IVI o---£J I.
":~I"~"! :011 0 U 01' e:--0:: 0 at 0:10--931 0 U 0.31 o--,,~~~~lUI 0 H 001: C"--~osl 0 jI1 0111 C>-OlI' 0 .0 0110--oll 0 jtI 9,1,I I
__I 11$ I
JlI!!!1 oo~t:=...,., o::=========J:=======:::j~==+=========:;:;----,'lfJlI 0' q ~: 0 iii!'1 I I
I I I
iiO: 01,· JIM: ~===::)"~ IC2 ~~C.=======::j:==~:::,:::::======~lllmm"1 0 11 <J)21 0 I t:,. JlOI I • ,1,0 11 74lS.3+f' "lJla. 10JlO.I I I • ~ , • 2
I I ' ,15 2405I I • • ~ ,.I I : ...3 ---v-I I I iG lCI I I l' 1I I I
,1,0: 0 In ,1,0:A11e 21 ,1,'10-A: I 0 10 ,1,:1 0---
..1.3: 0 21 .0.310-I I .... : 0-- :::I I All C>-I I ulo---I I "'11, <>--, I
I I ~::~I 0 In "'101 C>- /.
I I ...11: 0-- :c.... : 0 In "'12, 0--,1,'1 C 31 ""31 C>-.... , 0 U ,1".1 0--...11 0 21 ..1 I
IIII,I,II,Ir .12Vi 0r'
10 .... _ ••1 I I
t _nJ 0:19
Zxr;~a 2. .1"iTa~1')
TpononOff'/~tvou TV
nCl)~tvou KUK),~~a
TOt; TOO pt;TOTpontaAIa Mfa an Tl~ 0
napairl')re~ IJ£TaTpont~ 06I')Y~ ~v
arpaip£ol') TI')~ aK;&1(; 6 anD TO 1C4.
II2
,
I,mopouv va a<palpe90uv. acpoo Q Uno,\oY'lCrrts MSX 6ev XPTlO~onOloUV
TO oiJ~ BUSACK. To oXli~ 2 OEixvel TO TunW~tVO KUK'\w~a TTle; n,\oKtTTae; ~e TIe; IJETOTponte;.
M£TQTpontc; TlolV nAQK£TTc'lV01 n.\aKtn&c; TOU IJ£TOTponto AI D
KOI TIlC; OKTOijlr1cplac; nopTo 1/0 nptnEI va Tpononolll60uv £'\ocppci Via vaXPnOl~onollleoUv ~e TO oiJ~ 5 WRTOU l80. .Onwc; OlIlv npWTIl nepimOOTl, TO oxTi~ 3 l5£ixv£1 IJ£ XOVc5ptC; Vpo~~tc; Tie; ~£TaTpontc; au~
TtC;. H £iooc5oe; clock (XPOVIOjJOU)TOU IC2 ouvc5t£Tol an' £u8£iac; 010WR ria va ViV£1 aUTO K6I3OU~£ anaTO 1C4 TTlV OKOO 6 Kal KoM61J£ tva
connection betwHnpin. 18.nd 1901 IC3
C'.JWO ana TTlV OKi6a 7 IJtxPt TTlVOKOO 6 TOU ouvc5enipa TOU oUOTTiI..lOTOe; ypalJ~WV - 13.\tnE oxli~o 4.
H OKTOl4JnCPIO nOPTa 1/0 IJETOTptneTOI we; E~ne;: anoouvc5tou~E Tl'lvOKOO 8 TOU ICl Ko13ovrae; TTlv. To0XTi1JO 6 c5eixvEI TOV TpOno, ~E TOVonoio 11 oK'Oa 8 TTle; 136.oJ')C; TOU 1C1OUVOC£lOl IJE Tr)v aKil50 6 TOU ouoniIJOTOe; TWV ypa~~~JV. H c5taKEKOl..IlJtVTlvPCllJl..ln naplOToV&t tva OUPlJo. nounptnEI va Tono8£Tll8Ei OTTlV n'\£upciTWV E~Opm~TWV. To oxTi~a 5 OEi·XVEI TO OXETlKO TlJnlJa TOU KUK'\w~a
T1KOU c5taypalJl..laTOe; VIO '\oyoue;ovacpopcu:; .
AUTO OUlJn'\TlpWVEI TIe; Tpononoln0&1e; TOU ~eToTponta AID KOI me;
85129·2
OKTal4JnCPIOe; noprac; VO VlO &cpapIJOvt~ MSX.
:EiJv6£0l1 KQAlol6I0TQIViQC;Avo'A.ova IJE; TOV KOTOOl<&UOOni TOU
uno'\oYIOTn MSX. 0 uno'\ovlonie; ouTOC; lJfTopei va c5ta8tT&1 TIC; ,\£y6IJ£ve~ unoOOxt~ PROM (cartridgeslols),tva ouvOen;pa 1/0 50-<5p6~wv ~ KalTO c5uo. Eivol c5uoKo'\o 6I..Iwc; va 13pe60Uv ouvOe~p£~ Via n~ unoOOxt~
PROM £n£lc5n OTTlV npaVl..laTlK6TTlTOc5&v XP'lOt~&UOUV napa ~6vo cavTI..lIi~a ox£OlaOIJOU TOU TUnw~tvou
KUt(,\W~OToc;. navw OlO onoio eo ~v
TOPIOl£i TO KUK'\WI..lO £ntKTOOl1C; (EPROM, £Vc5I01..l£00 KUUWjJO).
.Orov TO OUplJOTO TOU OUOTT'lIJO-
iVOKOt; 1. XUJ,J60AloJ,Joi Tc.JV oKi6c.Jv Tc.JV6IoTl6tJ,Jcvc.Jv o'lJ,JdTc.JV OTOV OUV6CTrjpaMSX 5O-6p6~.,v.
l1iorQ 2. npOTClV6·J,JCVO np6ypoj.4J.o eAtyxou yro TTl 6lonj·OTc.JO'l TrJt; oc.JOrrl<:A£lToupyior; T'lr;T P0 nonOI'lJ,J t v,,<:nAeKtTTQt; TOU J,J£.TeTponto A/D.
I1.5121.11(2 I
A
l1iora 1. To eMXIOTO aUT6 np6ypoJ,JJ,JO C-"tYX£1 mv ouv6co" J,JeTa~u TOU unoAoy,OTTj MSX KOt
TOU OUOTrjJ,JOTO<:ypOj.4J.WV I/O Ka, £ninAtov TrJ oc.J011j M'TOUpyia TOU TPonOnOI11J,Jtvou KUKA~o
TOt; anoKc.J6IKonoi,,0'1<: 6Ieu6Uvo£cuv.
10 FOR A-0 TO 720 OUTll2 ,A30 PRINTA, INPI 112)40 NEXT
I/O-HoST - 2
TOe; YPOI..II.1WV I/O cUVOtOVTOl OUI.ICPWva I.IC TOV nivoKo 1, eo nptm:1 vaI3pc8ci tvoe; TpOnOe; YIO T11V onoouv6coJl TTle; nNJKtTTOe;.
.ETa KOI on"oanoo8£i Jl n~oKi;TTO
T11e; PROM (npayl.lo nou onolTciOpKCn; npoano8clo ovaAoyo I.IC TOVXpl1otl.lonolOuJ..lCVO runo), civQI O\""YKoio va yivCI Jl OClpO ouVOtOEWV TWVOVOIVI.I0TWV (slots). 01 ouv6tocle; I.IC6pna api6~~"'l ~piQl(avrol 0TTl ~poaTlvr; OlpJl (OlpJl cmyp:lCpwV) TOU TUnWl.ltvou KUtU.,WI.I0TO<; KOI Ot ouvot·OCIe; I.IC ncPtTT'Ii opi8l.1Jlar) TllV niaw04JJl. Me TO TUnWJ..ltvo KUKAwJ..lO vaKOITO~CI npoe; TO KOTW (6qJJl CntypacpWV opon;), Jl cuvOCOTl 2 I3PioKCTOIOTO OVWTOTO OC~IO I.Ii:poe; TTle; J..lnpoOTIVfie; OClpOe;. H CJ€lpO TWV ncplTTwvopl8J..lwv OPxi~CI J..lC 1, ovri8cTO TOU2. rio va Ko80pioouIJC cnoKpll3we; TOnpOYJ..lOTO: Jl CVKOm; OTT)V niow n~&u
pO TT1e; nAaKtTToe; nptnci vo &iVOI TWpo OTTlV KOTW OPIOT&Pn nA&upO. 01CmJ..l&TaAAWJ..ltV&e; ante; TTle; nAoKtTTOe; TTle; PROM XPJlOll.IOfTOIoUvrOtylo va ouvMoouv TJlV cnin&OJl KoA(,)OIOTOtVj(]. ·loc.x; XPcloOTci vo 610voIX90uv oUTte; 01 onte; VIO npWTTl cpopO.XPTlOII.IOnOIWvTOe; CIOIKT'l nAc~iOo onoonoOJle; TTlc; Ko~AJlOJle;· rTJlV ncpinTwcJl nou Via Konolo OUVOCOTl Ocv61O.Ti8cTOI cntJ..lcTQAAwl.ltvJl om;, TOOKpO TOU OUpJ..lOTOe; nptncl va oOJlV118ci on' cu8cioc; OTJlV KOTO~~Jl~l1
oKi6a lTle; PROM. Eivo, XpTiOIJ..lO voXPJlOIJ..lOnOll;OOUJ..lC J..lEPIKO OUPJ..lOTOnopciAAJlAo y10 TIe; ouvOtccK; TPoq>O600iaC; KOI tTOI OUVO'\IKO onalTouvTOl29 OUPJ..lOTO. TC~IKO OTO n'\OOTIKOKouTi npoI3At4JT& 1.110 OXIOJ..lti VIO vonepooci J..ltoa ano OUTti flKaAw61oTOIvia.
o auv6Enipo<; VO SO~p6~wv, nauavacptp6JlK& 010 nOv('), civat nlX1v~·
Tl no~u K0J..l4J0Tepoe; Via TTl ouv6COTlKoAw610T01Vioe;, aMo VtO: TTlv emTuxr;.OT&PCWOTl TOU (OKpI130U) ouv6en;paaro KaAW610 onorrouvrol elOlKo &Pya-A&ia. H oncvcpyonoiflCTl 111e;EPROM OTTlV unooaxli O£v £ivOi OliOKO~Jl, cnelOTi CiVOI noAu m8avo vaouvcPYO~CTQI I.IC TOUe; YVWOTOUe; TUnoue; 27XXX. rTTlV ncpimwoJl &VOe;Tunou 28 oKi6wv K04JT& 111 YpaJ..l~..lI;TOU TUnWJ..ltvou KUKAw~TO<; OTJlV 0KOO 20 (CE) Kal KaAA';OT£ tva alipJ..lO ano TTlV OKi6a aun; J..ltXPI TOVnOAo ev6c; ~IKPOU 61OK6nTrl J..lCTQyw-
SLOT - SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
PIN NO. NAME I/O DESCRIPTION
1 m 0 ROM 4000 - 7FFF select signal I128K)2 CS2 0 ROM aooo - BFFF select signal I128KI3 CS12 0 ROM 4000 - BFFF select signal (256KI4 SLTSL 0 Slot selected signal. - Fixed select signal
for each slot.5 -- - Reserved for future use only6 RFSH 0 Refresh signal7 WAIT I Wait signal to CPU (wired-OR)8 INT I Interrupt request signal9 ---.ML 0 Fetch cycle signal of CPU
10 BUSOIR I This signal controls the direction of exter-nal data bus buffer when the cartridge isseleCted. It is low level when the data is
-- sent by the cartridge.11 lORD 0 110 request signal12 MERQ 0 Memory request signal13 \'ill 0 Write signal14 --.!!.IL 0 Read signal15 RESET 0 System reset signal16 - Reserved for future use only17 A9 018 A15 019 All 020 Al0 021 A7 022 A6 023 A12 024 A8 025 A14 0 Address bus26 A13 027 Al 02B AO 029 A3 030 A2 031 AS 032 A4 033 01 I/O34 00 I/O35 03 I/O36 02 I/O37 05 I/O Data bus38 04 I/O39 07 I/O40 06 I/O41 GNO - Ground42 CLOCK 0 CPU clock 3.58 MHz43 GNO - Ground
44,46 SW1,SW2 - Insert/remove protection, if fitted45,47 .5 V - +5 V power supply
48 +12 V - + 12 V power supply49 SOUND IN I Sound input (-5 dbml50 -12 V - -12 V power supply
Input and output is measured with respect to MSX computer
1I0-TE5T -1
10 FOR A-0 TO 25520 IF INP( A 10255 GO TO 30 ELSE 4030 PRINTA,INPIAI40 NEXT
lIioro 3. H ypOtplKr)napdoro01} TCI.IV 0'1·pdTCI.IV elo6c'5ou TOU
peToTponeo A/Dei·VOl 6uvan; peTd on6T'1V nAnKTpoAoYIO'1TOU npoypdppaTO~
aUTOU nou eivolypalJl,levo C1T11v MSXBASIC.
10 OPEN" gr·p:" FOROUTPUTAS* 120 ACOL=9:8COL=B:CCOL=1430 RI=B:R2=8:Ul=4:U2=440 SCREEN2,250 COLORI5,4,460 CLS70 LINE(32.0)-(32,176)80 LlNE(3I,0)-(3I,176)90 LINESTEP(+0,+0)-STEP(+210,+0)100 LINESTEP(+0,+I)-STEP(-210,+0)110 FORY=155TOI5STEP-20120 PRESET(0,Y-2)130 PRINT*I,MIO$(STR$( ISS-Y), I> ;"";140 LINE(3I,Y)-(36,Y+I)150 NEXTY160 GOSU8180170 Q=0:GOTOI60180 FORA=IT08190 OUT0,A-l200 H(A)=INP(0)/1.6210 A$(A)=CHR$(A+48)220 NEXT230 FORN=56T0232STEP24240 Y=160:X=N250 Q=Q+ 1 : H=H (Q)260 A$=A$( Q)270 IFNOT(H(=M(Q)-IORH)M(Q)+I)THEN320280 PRESET(X-5,Y+24)290 PRINT*I,RIGHT$(A$,2);300 IFP=IANDM(Q)=)4THENGOSU8350ELSEGOSU8380310 M(Q)=H320 NEXTN330 P= I340 RETURN350 LINE(X-I,Y-UI-H)-(X-RI,Y-Ul) ,ACOL,8F360 LINE(X,Y-U2-H)-(X-I+R2,Y-Ul) ,8COL,BF370 GOT0400380 LINE(X-I,Y-UI-H)-(X-RI,Y) ,ACOL,8F390 LINE(X,Y-U2-H)-(X-I+R2,Y) ,BCOL,8F400 LlNE(X-RI,O)-(X-I+R2,Y-UI-H) ,3,8F410 PRESET(X,Y-H)420 DRAW- c=ccol I a2m+=r-l I I +=u 1 Im-=r-2; I +=u2 j"430 PRESET(X-I,Y-H-UI-U2)440 DRA\.t.l'- c=cco I ; a0m+=r- 1 I , +=u 1 ;m-=r-2; I +=u2 j •450 PAINT<X,Y-UI-H) ,CCOL460 PRESET<X, Y)470 DRAW·c=bjl+=r-l;u+=ul;m+=r-l;,+=ul;480 PAINTSTEP(-4,-1> ,0490 PRESET(X,Y) ,0500 DRAW·r-+=r-2;u+=u2;m-=r-2;,+=u2;510 PAINT STEP( +4, -I> ,0520 RETURN
Yr'le;. MIa ana lie; enocpte; TaU 610KOnTll nrwoiV£1 OTllY OKioo 1 Jl 3 (+5V)TOU ouvO£'Tlipa OVOivJ,JoToc;. Ii oAAnnrwoiv£1 aTll ypalJ~ TOU runwtJtvouKUKA~OTOe; nou XPIlOlVOOO£iTO YlOva ouv6tEl lTIv aoriO<> 20 ~ EPROM.ITrlY n£pinTOOIl ~.lIae; EPROM 24oKi6wv Ka~T£ TO i&o }!£ TTlVaKiOa 18 rcE). ria lTIV an&v&pyonoiT)OIl TT)e; K£q>aAne; IJOOpE:iT£ TWpo va lJ&TCY&T& lTIv aKilia (CEI 1TI~
(E) PROM ora +5Vo nivoKOe; 1 OtiXV£1 TOUe; oulJaoAI·
olJoUe; TWV QKiOwv KOI TOue; optOIJOUe;TWV OTWOTWV TOU ouv6tn;pa wv o·VOIYlJaTWV TWV (slots) TWV 50~p6
IJwv. IJlIJ&IWaT£ Oll 01 olCi6E:e; 44 Kal46 XPIlOIIJOOOlOUVTOI KaT· emAoyrivylO npooTooio unoAoYlcTIi KOInAaKtTTa<; un06oxlie;·
To OOOpoi1l)TO KUKAwlJo yKl IT}VnpooTooio oun;, ~WC;, lJllOpei voIJTlV tX£! &vowlJoTwB&i oAOKArlpo KOItTOI 80 IJnOpOUOE va 8tO£1 £KTO<;TOV unoAovlan; nplv TT)v £IOOYWvi! r'l£~oywvti onolwv6nnoTE:t K&cpaAWv.
EA£vxoc;M£Ta TO TtAoc; TTle; £Pyoaoe; oup·
lJaTWOI1e; IJ£ 06rlVo TOV n[voKo 1,IJnop£i va yiv&1 tvoe; npwTOe; t'A£y·XC><; TaU OUaTr;IJOTOe; YPOIJWV VO. riaTO OKano aUTO nptntl va OqKllpc·SOUV 0 IJ£TOTpontoe; AI 0 KOI TO O·KTOl+lr'lqno OUOTTllJO YPOIJIJt:)V vo.
o &n&~&Pyacmic; Z80 xapoKlTIpi~eTol ana 256 61eu8uvo£le; I/O KOIKa8£ OVOlYIJO OTO OU011WO ypa I.IIJWV1/0 KOTaAolJ~Vel Ttoo£p£e; ana ou·Tte; ne; 6t£u8uvo£Ie;. Me OAoue; TOUe;i510Komce; TOU OUOni~TO<; S2 l<I\£t·aTOUe;, 0 unoAoYlOTne; eo ~Ptl TOOVOiYIJOTO OTTlv neptoxr; &&uBUvo£·wv 0...15. rio TOV tA£vxo TJle; KeAne;A£ITouPyioe; TaU TpOnOnOIl'W&VoUTlJriIJOTOe; onoKwi51KonoiJlone; 61£U8UVOEWV, 6uo bits onOlOoonnoTC o·Voiv~TOe;, ouv6tOVTOI IJtow TOU UAIKau ora SS Oli~a (aKilia 71 O~~KlUP
YWVTOe; tTOI tva byte YIO oVQyvWOT)ono TOV unoAoYlan; 01TlV KOTciMnAJl6I£U8uva'!. ITO OVOtV~ 1, oloKioce;17 Kal 18 TOU ouv6£n;po OUV6i:OVTOIaT!'1V oKioo 7. 1:TO oVOlYlJa 2 01 oKi·6£e; 15 KOI 16, aro OVOI~O 3, 01oKioce; 13 KOI 14 KOI TtAoc; 01 oKi6ee;11 KOI 12 OTlVOivouv aTT)V olCioo 7TOU OVOiY~TOe; 4. InlJ£IWoT£ OTt OtoplelJoi TWV OVOlYIJOTWV OVOcptPOVTOIOTIlv vtQ Qv£arpolJJJ£vJl O£lpO KOI ono uno).OVIan;e; IJnopei ~ovo va Iha15atel OUTte; TIe; i51£u8uvoele;, OTOVunoPXouv 01 OUPlJaTWo£Ie;.
.Olav a unoAoYIan;e; 8tO£I TTlVlh£ueuvOTl £VO<; OVoiYIJOTO<;, TO cnlJOTOU 55 "'WOiV£1 O£ XOlJnAn oro9IJnlJo~i lJe TO .ouvi5£O£jJtvo l+l'lcpia 6£·i50!JE;vwv. AUTO oony£i aTnV avoyvw·0Tl TWV OK6Aou8wv 6eKo61KWV TtIJWVano TO OVOiYIJOTO: OVOlY\.IO 1 = 63,cvaiV~a 2 = 207, cvalY~ 3 = 243KOI OVOtYIJO 4 = 252. H AioTO 1i5eixv£1 tvo npaypolJlJO yla tA£vxooACJJI/ TWV 8toewv I/O ono 0... 255.eo n'l6no£1 Tllv ovoyvwon TWV i5t·
•;} .!:io
85121·Ml
5V+
B
Ixli~o 3. AMoyer;OTO KUKAW/Jo TOU
~£TOTponto ovoAoYIKOU oe 1P11/'P10KO. H6a0lKT) oAAayrj ocpopd T11V oKi6a 6 TOO
1C4. KOIPT£ T1Jv oKi6a 6.
Ixli~o 4. TunCo)~evo
Kln(ACo)~o TOU ~£TO
Tponto AI D, onoun&pIAo~8civeTOI KOI
11 &mnAtov oUv6&011IJE: TOV OUplJOTIVO
oywyo.
---85129-4
IITo np6ypalJlJQ auro Elvat e:niOJ"]C;
xP'iOijJO VIC TOY Ch£YXO TTl!; n~aKtT
TOe; TaU OKTQWr1lflIOU VQ. . DAte; 01
£io0601 auv!5tovrQt aneu8eiac; aTlC;£~660uC; IJE: OKTW oUPI..IQro. To np6VpolJlJQ 80 Otoecio£1 ~av6 TIC; !J£1013'-~a~6~eve~ n~~ 0...7 oov 255 248£~aITiac; TT1<; avaorpoquic; TWY Jl<Pi-wyano TO ULN 2803. AAAti~ovTac; TOA TT1~ Vpa~~';~ 20 ae NOT A ANO255, TO npoYPolJlJO t.\tvxou eo cKTunwo£1 l)uo K06aptC; oniAtC; 0...7.
npaKTIK6 napcill£IYl'aTo OtiIJOTO tlo600u TaU jJ£Torpo
nto AID eivQI ocAu KorciAATlAa ViaV/XlqHKrl napoorQoTl 0Tl'lv 086vl1, alflQU IJnOPOUIJE: va TO OOUIJE: rouT6xpova. riO TTlv npaV~TonoinOTl CUn)npon:iv£TQI 11 Aioro 3 TaU npoYpOlJ~TOC;. H TtIJr; OE: Ko8c cioOOo nopl·arovuol ~C K09tTI1 ~n6pa OTTlV 086·VTl MIO KAi~OKO KaVCI ~UVOT~ lTlvovQyvCaXJTl TWV n~wv. 01 ypa~~c;: 20KOI 30 TaU npoyp6~jJOTOC;: CntTptnouy v npay~TonoiTlOT1 ntljXllJ6.TWV ~t XPWIJOTO KOI ~tyt8T') lJfIopwv.
o Ka8tToc;: ~ovac;: OUpCTOI OTIC;:ypa~c;: 70 Kal 80 Kal 0 opl~ovnoc;:
(171~ Vpa~~~ 90 Ka, 100. H KAi~aKa
ri6ero( OT(~ Vpa~~t~ 110... 150, ou~
nlu1P",voVTa~ TTl ~ao,Ki) OC6Ta~n TT1~
o8ovnc;:. H ypa~~~ 170 civol TO KCVTplKO orwcio tVQP~TlC;: OTO npoypa~
~a, TO unOAomo TOU onoiou onOTtAtiTot ano ~uo unopouTivcc;:. 01vpa~t~ 180...220 O,a~~ouv npOlraTO ~tOO~vo tl0660U TOU ~TOTPO
nto AID npcv Tc60liv 01 ypa~~tc;:
230...340 OTTlv o66vn XPI101~onOlwv
TOC;: ~IO oAATl unopouTiva on6 lTlvypal4ul 350 KOI npo<; TO t~np6c;:,
npciVIJo nau anAw<; KOI IJ6vo ~CTO
Tptntt TO 6too~tvo at XPw~aTlOTtt;
J,G100C<;. rc lTlv ~lQypac.p~ onolwvO~
nOTt ~tyaAtiTcpwv npOTlYOUI.I£VWV Ti·
~WV, Tl ypa~~r) 400 Ton08cTCI tvonpoolVo KOJ.IlJ6n OTTlv Kopuc.pli Ko8e~pa~. TcAII'" '" vpa~~~ 410...510
1!SOp
N1 ... N4' IC'·74lS00
Vin" ~.'------,
.. ,o • 3
r~ ..
:~t:~'~' A le3 2 15• 3 '2
cO. '4051 l: :
• 7 •
.. VE(
• 7
IC1ADC0804
• '0L...,......----'
OCl .. OC2, • 2
,
4
Tponto AI 0 OKTW c.popCt;. H owcr~
A£lToupyia TIle; nAoKtTTac;: TOU IJ£TOTponta AID eo cnaATl8cUTti ~ ncplOTpoqIli TWV nOTeVOtOI.lCTPWV. Aqx>uTl Aiaro 2 XPlla~nolti lTIV &c-u9uv011 TOU avoiYlJoT<X; 112 Ot OlQJ(amte;12, 13 KOI 14 or(J<; «polV£101 OTO
TUrLlJ1&VO KUKAwpa. eo npenE:l va£MlI ov 01.
, ...»-f--qEi
• DO17 01115 02
" 03,. 0413 05"0011 07
a ",ri.ln "i"- 7A" .0
• cut off IC' pin e
5V
tu8uvocwv 255 n.X. ~c OAO TO OuoOIKO lVTlc.pia ~oval5a. H ncplox~ ana0... 127 tXCl OeolJ£uTci yla TO OUOTTl~a vpa~~",v 1/0 Ka660av 0 MSX xpnol~onolci ana ~avoe; TOU TIC;: etocM;ana 128 Kal npoc;: TO clJnp6<;. rIOnap60tlVIJO 01 8to£le; 152 KOI 162nCplAaIJ130VOuv TO VDP (veceoDisplay Processor tn~tp-
vaCT1'l VIO antlKOVtarl tlKO~)
Kat TT)V -KaToaraClrl PSG (Programmable Sound Generator = npovpalJlJon~6IJCVJl V£vvliTpla ~XOU) oVTicrolxa.Le ntpinTwoTl nou 01 tVO£IKTlKtc;: i5tKaOIKt<; TIIJ&<; ocv I5ta136~ovTal cwaroana TO np6vpal.l~0. tivat m6av6 vatxtl vivtl KcmOtO A68o<; 0TTl oup~o
TWOTl Ii OTO I3paXuKuKAwIJaTa d. b Kal9 nou Ocv £iVOI iowc; QJ(04JTl OTIC;:owcrte; 8toele;.
Av TO npWTO Tpt~qJO TOU cA£vxouyiv£1 IJt £ntTUXD, TOTt I.Inopci val3uoIJoTw8ci Tl Tpononotrl6£ioa nAaKtTTO TOU ~£TaTponta AI 0 KOI vacAtvx8ti XPTlOlIJOnOIWVTOe; TTlv Aicro2 TOU npoypciIJIJOTOC;:. H £~ol.loiwoTl
cvoc;: avaAoylKou OliIJC1T~ CIOOOOUarTlv nAaKtTTo yiv£TQI ~ OUVO£OTlTWV OpOI.l£WV OK'TW npoTcvOIOI.ICTpWVOTle; KOTOi\AT')ACC;: ttoOOOue;. Ta noTCVClOIJCTpa ouvl5covral IJ£Ta~U TTlt;TOOI1e; Tpoc.pol5ooiac;: +5 V Kat TI1C;:VTlC;:. H Aiaro 2 TOU npoypal.llJQTOC;: eoapxioci lTIv oKoAou6toKl1 a~TWV TpononOlTll.ltvwv TqJWV TOU IJ& a·
3
00
IORO •'Wii •
D 7
RD •0
0
IIIXr)jJo 5. 0, xov-~pt~ ypalll't~ 6ei- 5xvouv TIC; ~m fPO-
ntt; me; nAaKtTTOt;TOO OKTOlPr;tpIOU va.
7
1"·--, CONNEC'Oll__ COfIfNEC'Oll
'" I c- I '"OA'AO 2 c- 2 OA'AO
O"'TA 1 , c- , DATA 1
DATA 2 4 4 010'''' 1
OAT... 3 • , OAT .. 3
D"'T'" .. • I-- • 0 ... ' .....
OAT... 5 1 I-- 1 O"'TA 5
DATAl • • O...T...
O...T... 7 • I-- • O"'T'" 1
" '0 '" "..USY 11 c- 11 MY
" " " "He " " PULL Ul'
50 '4 .. G'O
" He
" G'O
" GNO.. He.. GNO
20,,: ONO
;.20
He
i •
t t
Q Q
9 ~, - "IiU() . '
,•...;;;:.-
t)15121-785129-6
• cut off lel pin 8
I ,M N
1400 IC2 00
3
13 01 a, 4
12 02 74 a,n OJ LS
03 •173
15 CLR_, V_, V
*01 ell< G2
J • 1 10
lORa •WR55RO
DO • 1 10
01 01 elK 02
02
03IC3
04 304 0,4
0' 74 06'D. LS
01 •0' 173
HAST,
1S CLR
OVM N
OV2I
• CUI off lel pin 8
~.
-----
Link
6
l'Xt1jJO 7. 16,oK010OKE:Urj KoAw6iou cKTun"mj. H epyaaiayiVE:TOI IJ£ tv6£KQ a·ywYOUt; 0' tva KOAw610 jJeTa~u 6u('ouvocmpwv.
IXr)jJQ 6. TponoOOlI1IJtvo Tunwpevo KUKAwpo TrW OKTOlIJrjquae; noproc; flO..On~ OKPl6Wc; tYIv£ KO' IJ£ TOV jJ£TQ
Tponto AI D rTptm:1va o(pOlpefJei an6 TO
Ie IJIO aolCi6a. Irrwnep;rrrwo'1 aUT'; eiVOl t1 a~i6a 8 rouIC1.
6ivouv onc; ~oopec; Aol;£~va xeiAIl.
KaA.,610 &KTunwn;ME TlW ovcimu~11 TOU Acyoj.l£vou
• uno","oylcTIKoU cUCn'HJOTOC;- onOI
TOUVTOI OpICj.leVO KaAwlila YIO TTlcuvlitOI1 nCplq:ltpCIOKWV OUCK£UWV
onwe; n.x· j.lIOC; IJOvOOOC; c5tOKOU, tvee;oUO'T1ij.lQTOC; liIOIJ0pq:lwn;/onoliIOj.lOp
q:lWnl Ii e:vo<; £KTunwn;.YnoAoyi~oVToc; TO Koaroc; £vee; e
TOIIJOU TtTOIOU KoAwc5tou oiyoupa a~i~£1 va q:lTl6~CTC eva £oe:ic; 01 ililOi
VKl TTl aJVOCon TOU £KTunwnl. ITO
oxr'l~ 7 ~AtnoulJe IJKl AioTa T(a)V
anapaiTTlTWV ouv6to£wy oe KoAooIOKO aXrJIJQTIOIJO. 0 ouv6£rruxll; 146pOIJwV TonOetTeiTOI lJtoa OTOV uno
AOVlOnl KQI 0 Tun~ TOU ouv6trr;pa36-Op~wv (yvwaroc; oov cuvli£n;
paC; Centronics) arov £KTUnwTli.r£ £noj.lcvo T£UXTl TOU EMKTOp eo
liouj.l£ n£plooen~po CVliIOq:lepOUO£C;
£ncK'l"C.O£IC; yla MSX uno","OVlcTte;.
86006