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300
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700
800
900
1,00
1,50
2,00
Loss (m
)
Elevation
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Elev
ated
Tan
k
Hea
d Lo
ss
Pres
sure
Hea
d
Hyd
rost
atic
Hea
d
Gro
und
Leve
l
Pipe
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2.3
Pres
sure
Hea
d (2
)•
Pres
sure
hea
dis
a te
rm th
at re
pres
ents
the
inte
rnal
ene
rgy
of a
flu
id a
s a c
olum
n of
wat
er.
Pres
sure
Hea
d (m
) = H
ydro
stat
ic H
ead
(m) –
Hea
d Lo
ss (m
)
•H
ead
loss
: In
any
real
mov
ing
fluid
, ene
rgy
is d
issi
pate
d du
e to
fr
ictio
n.
•M
ajor
loss
es a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith e
nerg
y lo
ss p
er le
ngth
of p
ipe,
and
min
or lo
sses
ass
ocia
ted
with
ben
ds, f
ittin
gs a
nd v
alve
s.H
ead
Loss
(m) =
Hyd
raul
ic g
radi
ent (
‰) x
Pip
e Le
ngth
(m)
= I x
L=
10.6
66 C
-1.8
5 D
-4.8
7Q
1.85
x L
•H
ydro
stat
ic h
ead
is th
e pr
essu
re ri
se c
ause
d by
gra
vity
act
ing
on a
col
umn
of w
ater
or f
luid
that
is n
ot in
mot
ion.
2.4
Hyd
raul
ic D
esig
n C
riter
ia•
Pipe
mat
eria
ls: H
DPE
•Pr
essu
re ra
ting:
PN
6.3
-25
type
pip
es
Max
imum
resi
dual
pre
ssur
e: a
ppro
x. 5
0 m
•M
inim
um se
rvic
e pr
essu
re: 1
.0 b
ars t
hrou
ghou
t the
dis
tribu
tion
netw
ork
exce
pt th
at se
rvic
e pr
essu
re w
ill b
e re
laxe
d in
cas
e of
fir
e flo
w (u
sing
a fi
re h
ydra
nt).
•H
-W C
oeff
icie
nt: C
= 11
0 -1
50 (H
DPE
)In
clud
ed in
pip
e be
nds:
C =
120
Stra
ight
pip
elin
e
: C =
130
•M
inim
um fl
ow v
eloc
ity: 0
.5 m
/sec
.•
Max
imum
flow
vel
ocity
: 3 m
/sec
.•
Typi
cal r
ange
of h
ydra
ulic
gra
dien
t: 0.
1 -0
.5 %
2.5
plr
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0.87
0.80
0.74
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y]Ug]
Ifdtf
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(kgf
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00(1
0.2)
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.9)
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)0.
55(5
.6)
0.49
(5.0
)
Wal
l Ser
ies
S-12
.5S-
10S-
8S-
6.3
S-5
S-4
Stan
dard
Dim
ensi
on R
atio
SDR
26SD
R 2
1SD
R 1
7SD
R 1
3.6
SDR
11
SDR
9Pr
essu
re C
lass
DN
PN 6
.3PN
8PN
10
PN 1
2.5
PN 1
6PN
20
de mm
e mm
di mm
e mm
di mm
e mm
di mm
e mm
di mm
e mm
di mm
e mm
di mm
20-
--
--
--
--
-2.
315
.425
--
--
--
--
--
2.8
19.4
32-
--
--
--
-3.
026
.03.
624
.840
--
--
--
--
3.7
32.6
4.5
31.0
50-
--
--
--
-4.
640
.85.
638
.863
--
3.0
57.0
--
4.7
53.6
5.8
51.4
7.1
48.8
75-
-3.
667
.84.
566
.05.
663
.86.
861
.48.
458
.290
3.5
83.0
4.3
81.4
5.4
79.2
6.7
76.6
8.2
73.6
10.1
69.8
110
4.2
101.
65.
299
.66.
696
.88.
193
.810
.090
.012
.385
.412
54.
811
5.4
6.0
113.
07.
411
0.2
9.2
106.
611
.410
2.2
14.0
97.0
140
5.4
129.
26.
712
6.6
8.3
123.
410
.311
9.4
12.7
114.
615
.710
8.6
160
6.2
147.
67.
614
4.8
9.5
141.
011
.813
6.4
14.6
130.
817
.912
4.2
180
6.9
166.
28.
616
2.8
10.7
158.
613
.315
3.4
16.4
147.
220
.113
9.8
200
7.7
184.
69.
518
1.0
11.9
176.
214
.717
0.6
18.2
163.
622
.415
5.2
225
8.6
207.
810
.720
3.6
13.4
198.
216
.619
1.8
20.5
184.
025
.217
4.6
250
9.6
230.
811
.922
6.2
14.8
220.
418
.421
3.2
22.7
204.
627
.919
4.2
280
10.8
258.
413
.325
3.4
16.6
246.
820
.623
8.8
25.4
229.
231
.321
7.4
315
12.1
290.
815
.028
5.0
18.7
277.
623
.226
8.6
28.6
257.
835
.224
4.6
355
13.6
327.
816
.932
1.2
21.1
312.
826
.130
2.8
32.2
290.
639
.727
5.6
400
15.4
369.
219
.136
1.8
23.7
352.
629
.434
1.2
36.3
327.
444
.731
0.6
450
17.3
415.
421
.440
7.2
26.7
396.
633
.138
3.8
40.9
368.
250
.334
9.4
500
19.2
461.
623
.845
2.4
29.7
440.
636
.842
6.4
45.4
409.
255
.838
8.4
560
21.5
517.
026
.750
6.6
33.2
493.
641
.247
7.6
50.8
458.
4-
-63
024
.258
1.6
30.0
570.
037
.455
5.2
46.2
537.
657
.251
5.6
--
710
27.3
655.
433
.864
2.4
42.1
625.
852
.260
5.6
--
--
800
30.8
738.
438
.172
3.8
47.4
705.
258
.868
2.4
--
--
900
34.6
830.
842
.981
4.2
53.3
793.
4-
--
--
-1,
000
38.5
923.
047
.690
4.8
59.3
881.
4-
--
--
-1,
200
46.2
1,10
7.6
57.1
1085
.8-
--
--
--
-1,
400
53.9
1,29
2.2
--
--
--
--
--
1,60
061
.51,
477.
0-
--
--
--
--
-
2.6
HD
PE
Dia
met
er
2.7
Haz
en-
Will
iam
sEq
uatio
n
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Friction
Loss of
waterin
meter
per100m len
gthofpip
e,based o
nHazen &
Williams formula
using C
=130
0.05.010.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
2
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1,00
1,50
2,00
Flow (m3/day)
Loss (m)
32mm
,1.3inc
h40mm
,1.6inc
h50mm
,2inc
h63mm
,2.5inc
h75mm
,3inc
h90mm
,3.5inc
h
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fO{ e
NekfgL
cg
/ ckm
ug{ g
} k|of
]uul/G5
t/
eNe
l8:s
3'd]/
kfgL
y'Gg
] / v
f]Ng]
sfd
u5{ .
3.8
Gat
e an
d B
utte
rfly
Val
ve
Cap
Val
ve ro
d
Val
ve d
isc
Val
ve b
ox
Val
ve ro
d
Val
ve d
isc
Shaf
t bea
ring
Rub
ber v
alve
seat
Bol
t
Gat
e V
alve
But
terfl
y V
alve
3.9
eNe
x?, t
L/flv
g] :y
fg/
ltgs
f] e"ld
sf
eNe
sf] k|d
'vsfo
{ eg]s
f] kfOk
sf] kfgL
sf] jx
fjnfO{ lgo
Gq0f /
kfOkn
fOgs
f] ;~r
fng
ug'{ x
f] .
eNe
af6
lns]h
ePd
fd/d
tug]{
tyfkm]g]{
#))
Pd=Pd= eGb
fsd
8fo
fld6/
sf] kfOk
sfnflu
u]6
eNe
k|of]u
ug]{
#))
Pd=Pd= eGb
fa9
L 8fo
fld6/
sf] kfOk
sfnflu
a6/k
mnfO{ e
Nek|o
f]uug]{
s/Lj
%)) b
]lv!)
)) d
L6/s
f] cGt
/fndfeNe
hf]8
fO u
g]{
500
–10
00 m
Val
ve
3.10
;xfos
kfOk
dfeNe
/fVb
f
!= q
m;x?
dfa9
Ldf #
a6f ;Dd
eNe
/flv
G5 .
@= c
sf]{ kfOk
dfT
eP/
hf]l8
g] kfOk
dfa9
Ldf @
j6f ;Dd
/fVg
;ls
G5 .
Cro
ss
T
3.11
Po/
eNe
Po/
eNe
kfOk
leq
hDd
fePs
f] xfjf
lgsfNgs
fnflu
kfOk
nfOgx
? ljR5
fOPs
f] 7fp+df cUn
f:y
fgx?
dfhf]l8
G5 .
WO
AA
WO
Air
Val
ve
Was
hout
Elevation
Long
itudi
nal S
ectio
n
3.12
jf;cfp
6 gf
nf
kfOk
dfhDd
fePs
f] kmf]xf]/nfO{ k
vfn
]/ ;kmfug
{ 8]8 O
G8 o
f kfOk
nfOgs
f] cGTod
fjf;cfp
6sf] k|o
f]uul/G5
!= j
f;cfp
6 8]8 O
G8 o
f kfOk
nfOgs
f] cGTod
fvf]n
fof
vf]N;fcflb
sf] glhs} h
f]l8G5
.
@= o
f] gf
nfs
f] 8fo
fld6/
;fd
fGotof
d'Vo
kfOk
sf] cfw
fjf
Ps r
f}yfO
;fOhsf] x'g
'k5{ .
#= o
f] gf
nfalnof
] tyfcf]/fn
f] lr
Knf] kf/]/
agf
OPsf] x'g
'k5{ t
flsl5
6} lv
OP/
ghfc
f]; .
Mai
n pi
pe
Dra
in p
ipe
Val
ve
3.13
clUg
;dg
eNe
clUg
;dg
eNe
!%) P
d=Pd= 8fo
fld6/
sf] kfOk
sf] ;fOhdfk|fo
;j}ljt
/0f ul/Ps
f] kfOk
nfOgd
fhf]l8
Psf] x'G5 .
•clUg
;dg
eNe
;f] eGb
f;fg
f] ;fOhdfeP
o;n] lgu
]l6e k
|]z/
Nofp
g;S5
.
•clUg
;dg
eNe
sd;]sd
@))
dL6/s
f] b'/
Ldf/flv
g'kb{5
.
(1) D
iscu
ssio
n ab
out u
ser c
ompl
aint
man
agem
ent
-Dis
cuss
abo
ut im
plem
enta
tion
and
upda
te o
f use
r com
plai
nt m
anua
l
-Are
ther
e an
y re
ques
t/sug
gest
for c
hang
e th
e co
nten
ts?
-Are
ther
e an
y re
ques
t/sug
gest
for c
hang
e th
e fo
rmat
and
styl
e in
trodu
ce in
the
man
ual?
-How
and
whe
re y
our W
USC
pla
n to
impl
emen
ting?
-Whe
n yo
ur W
USC
pla
n to
star
t to
impl
emen
ting?
-Whe
n an
d ho
w I
can
get y
our f
eedb
ack?
Feed
back
shee
t of u
ser c
ompl
aint
s man
agem
ent m
anua
lN
ame
of W
USC
: (1
) Are
you
alre
ady
impl
emen
t use
r com
plai
nts m
anag
emen
t man
ual?
(yes
/no)
(a) D
o yo
u ha
ve in
tens
ion
to im
plem
entin
g? (f
urth
er q
uest
ion
fora
nsw
er “
no”
to
prev
ious
que
stio
n)(y
es/n
o)(b
) Rea
sons
of n
o in
tens
ion?
(in
case
of n
o in
tent
ion)
Rea
sons
:(c
) Do
you
have
idea
/pla
n to
impl
emen
ting?
(in
case
you
hav
e in
tens
ion)
(yes
/no)
(d) R
easo
ns o
f no
plan
(in
case
of n
o pl
an)
Rea
sons
:(e
) You
r pla
n fo
r im
plem
entin
g us
er c
ompl
aint
s man
agem
ent m
anua
l(in
cas
e if
you
have
pla
n/id
ea)
Plan
/idea
:
(2) Y
our i
mpl
emen
tatio
n is
who
le o
r par
tially
? (in
cas
e of
you
r ans
wer
is “
yes”
to
ques
tion
(1))
(who
le/p
artia
lly)
(a) W
hy th
e re
ason
of p
artia
lly im
plem
entin
g? (i
n ca
se y
our a
nsw
er is
“pa
rtial
ly”
to q
uest
ion
(2))
Rea
sons
:(b
) Do
you
have
inte
nsio
n to
impl
emen
ting
othe
r par
t?(y
es/n
o)(c
) Rea
sons
of n
o, if
in c
ase
you
do n
ot h
ave
inte
nsio
n to
impl
emen
ting
othe
r par
t?R
easo
ns:
(d) Y
our p
lan
for i
mpl
emen
ting
othe
r par
t of u
ser c
ompl
aint
s man
agem
ent m
anua
l (in
cas
e if
you
have
pla
n/id
ea)
Plan
/idea
:
(3) A
re th
ere
any
diff
icul
ty w
hen
in y
our i
mpl
emen
tatio
n? (i
n ca
se o
f im
plem
ente
d)(y
es/n
o)(a
) Diff
icul
ties a
nd re
ason
s, in
cas
e yo
u ha
ve e
xper
ienc
e of
diff
icul
ty
(b) Y
our r
eque
st/s
ugge
stio
n/co
mm
ent o
f im
prov
ing
user
com
plai
ntsm
anag
emen
t m
anua
l fro
m y
our e
xper
ienc
es
(4) R
equi
rem
ent/s
ugge
stio
n/co
mm
ent f
or im
prov
ing
user
com
plai
ntsm
anag
emen
t m
anua
l (st
ruct
ure,
item
and
con
tent
s, st
yle)
- (5
) Req
uire
men
t/sug
gest
ion/
com
men
t for
impr
ovin
g fo
rmat
(car
d, sl
ip, f
orm
and
lo
g) fo
r com
plai
nts m
anag
emen
t in
the
man
ual
- (6) Y
our f
ree
com
men
ts- D
ate:
/
/
Nam
e of
Man
ager
with
sign
atur
e
1
Indu
stri
al W
aste
wat
er
Indu
stri
al W
aste
wat
er
Man
agem
ent i
n Ja
pan
Man
agem
ent i
n Ja
pan --
22C
ertif
ied
Env
iron
men
tal A
naly
st S
yste
mC
ertif
ied
Env
iron
men
tal A
naly
st S
yste
m
Cat
alog
of C
hem
ical
Ana
lysi
s Con
sulta
nt L
td.
1stO
ctob
er 2
008,
IZA
WA
Tet
suo
2
Top
ics o
f Thi
s Sem
inar
�B
ackg
roun
d of
the
certi
fied
qual
ifica
tion
�R
equi
red
know
ledg
e to
bec
ome
a ce
rtifie
d en
viro
nmen
tal
anal
yst
�M
easu
rem
ent l
aw sy
stem
in Ja
pan
�Pr
oble
ms o
f the
cur
rent
Japa
nese
mea
sure
men
t law
syst
em�
How
to c
ope
with
the
prob
lem
s�
Wha
t are
nec
essa
ry to
kee
p ac
cura
cy
man
agem
ent i
n an
alys
is o
f ind
ustri
al
was
tew
ater
qua
lity
�R
ecom
men
datio
ns�
Oth
ers
Pre-
trea
tmen
t app
arat
us(T
OY
OT
A C
hem
ical
Eng
inee
ring
)
3
Bac
kgro
und
of
Bac
kgro
und
of C
ertif
ied
Env
iron
men
tal
Cer
tifie
d E
nvir
onm
enta
l A
naly
stA
naly
stSy
stem
Syst
em
�To
secu
re re
liabi
lity
and
accu
racy
in e
nviro
nmen
tal a
naly
sis
�A
n in
disp
ensa
ble
regi
stra
tion
crite
ria a
s per
sonn
el a
sset
(ful
l-tim
e em
ploy
ee)
to o
pen
mea
sure
men
t cer
tific
atio
n bu
sine
ss o
f con
cent
ratio
n of
subs
tanc
es
in so
ot, w
ater
, soi
l or n
oise
leve
l,�
At l
east
one
cer
tifie
d en
viro
nmen
tal a
naly
st in
a la
bora
tory
�M
easu
rem
ent c
ertif
icat
ion
repo
rt is
lega
lly re
quire
d th
e si
gnat
ure
of th
e ce
rtific
ated
env
ironm
enta
l ana
lyst
.4
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e an
d R
equi
red
Kno
wle
dge
and
Res
pons
ibili
ties o
f Cer
tifie
d R
espo
nsib
ilitie
s of C
ertif
ied
Env
iron
men
tal A
naly
stE
nvir
onm
enta
l Ana
lyst
�H
igh
degr
ee o
f mea
sure
men
t kno
wle
dge
and
tech
niqu
es
�C
ompr
ehen
sive
mea
sure
men
t man
agem
ent f
rom
pla
n an
d de
sign
of
mea
sure
men
t
to im
plem
enta
tion
of m
easu
rem
ent a
nd e
valu
atio
n of
ana
lysi
s res
ults
, suc
h as
;
-H
ow to
take
a sa
mpl
e,
-Se
lect
ion
and
deci
sion
of a
naly
sis o
r mea
sure
men
t,
- E
valu
atio
n of
the
anal
ysis
resu
lts,
-M
aint
enan
ce a
nd in
spec
tion
of a
naly
zers
,
-Pr
epar
atio
n of
ana
lysi
s rep
ort,
-Im
prov
emen
t of m
easu
rem
ent m
etho
ds,
-Ed
ucat
ion
of th
e m
easu
rers
,
-O
ther
s nec
essa
ry to
secu
re a
ccur
ate
mea
sure
men
t and
ana
lysi
s
Ato
mic
Abs
orpt
ion
(SH
IMA
DZU
)
5
How
to b
ecom
e th
e C
ertif
ied
How
to b
ecom
e th
e C
ertif
ied
Env
iron
men
tal A
naly
stE
nvir
onm
enta
l Ana
lyst
�To
pas
s Cer
tifie
d M
easu
rer N
atio
nal E
xam
inat
ion
(onc
e a
year
) + P
ract
ical
exp
erie
nce,
etc
.R
egis
tratio
n, P
assi
ng ra
te o
f the
ex
amin
atio
n is
aro
und
10 %
.�
Trai
ning
cou
rse
give
n by
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
A
dvan
ced
Indu
stria
l Sci
ence
and
Te
chno
logy
+ P
ract
ical
exp
erie
nce
+ C
ertif
icat
ion
by M
easu
rem
ent
Adm
inis
tratio
n C
ounc
il (tw
ice
annu
ally
) R
egis
tratio
n
6
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
7
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
8
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
Req
uire
d K
now
ledg
e fo
r th
e E
xam
inat
ion
9
Stru
ctur
e of
the
Mea
sure
men
t Law
St
ruct
ure
of th
e M
easu
rem
ent L
aw
(JE
TR
O, F
eb.2
007)
(JE
TR
O, F
eb.2
007)
10
Rel
ated
Inst
itutio
ns to
the
Rel
ated
Inst
itutio
ns to
the
Mea
sure
men
t Law
Mea
sure
men
t Law
11
Key
Poi
nts o
f the
Mea
sure
men
t Law
Key
Poi
nts o
f the
Mea
sure
men
t Law
�M
easu
ring
inst
rum
ents
are
nee
ded
fit fo
r off
icia
l gu
aran
tee
of a
ccur
acy
�Sp
ecifi
ed m
easu
ring
inst
rum
ents
mus
t mee
t set
ac
cura
cy st
anda
rds t
hrou
gh m
etho
ds su
ch a
s ve
rific
atio
n an
d/or
per
iodi
c in
spec
tion
to c
heck
thei
r co
nfor
mity
to se
t tec
hnic
al st
anda
rds i
n te
rms o
f st
ruct
ure
and
inst
rum
enta
l err
or.
�D
on’t
use
spec
ified
mea
surin
g in
stru
men
ts w
ithou
t ve
rific
atio
n m
ark
or p
erio
dic
insp
ectio
n m
ark.
12
Ver
ifica
tion
and
Peri
odic
Insp
ectio
n M
ark
Ver
ifica
tion
and
Peri
odic
Insp
ectio
n M
ark
Spec
ified
mea
sure
men
t ins
trum
ent w
ith p
erio
dic
insp
ectio
n m
ark,
con
duct
ed in
200
7
Ver
ifica
tion
mar
k
Insp
ectio
n ye
ar
Last
figu
re to
sho
w th
e in
spec
tion
year
For e
xam
ple
insp
ectio
n wa
s co
nduc
ted
in 2
005,
the
figur
e is
5
2005
This
figu
re to
sho
w th
e in
spec
tion
mon
th
Nam
e of
Pre
fect
ure
Insp
ectio
n m
ark
13
Acc
epta
ble
erro
r of
ves
sel f
or m
easu
ring
A
ccep
tabl
e er
ror
of v
esse
l for
mea
suri
ng
volu
me
volu
me
Mes
s Fla
sk
Mes
s Cyl
inde
r
Mes
s Pip
ette
Bur
ette
At 2
0
14
Spec
ified
mea
suri
ng in
stru
men
ts u
sed
Spec
ified
mea
suri
ng in
stru
men
ts u
sed
for
cert
ifica
tion
of n
oise
/ vib
ratio
n le
vel
for
cert
ifica
tion
of n
oise
/ vib
ratio
n le
vel
or c
once
ntra
tion
or c
once
ntra
tion
Noi
se M
eter
(RIO
N)
15
Part
ies n
ot n
eces
sary
reg
istr
atio
n as
Pa
rtie
s not
nec
essa
ry r
egis
trat
ion
as
a m
easu
rem
ent c
ertif
icat
ion
busi
ness
a m
easu
rem
ent c
ertif
icat
ion
busi
ness
�N
atio
nal a
nd lo
cal p
ublic
org
aniz
atio
ns
�So
me
inde
pend
ent a
dmin
istra
tive
inst
itutio
ns
-N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of A
dvan
ced
Indu
stria
l Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
-
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
Tec
hnol
ogy
and
Eval
uatio
n,
-N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of O
ccup
atio
nal S
afet
y an
d H
ealth
,
-Ja
pan
and
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e fo
r Env
ironm
enta
l Stu
dies
-
Org
aniz
atio
ns re
gist
ered
und
er a
noth
er la
w
16
Cla
ssifi
catio
n of
env
iron
men
tal
Cla
ssifi
catio
n of
env
iron
men
tal
mea
sure
men
t cer
tific
atio
n bu
sine
ssm
easu
rem
ent c
ertif
icat
ion
busi
ness
�R
elat
ing
to th
e co
ncen
tratio
n of
subs
tanc
es in
air,
w
ater
or s
oil,
excl
udin
g sp
ecifi
ed su
bsta
nce
(dio
xins
)�
Rel
atin
g to
the
conc
entra
tion
of d
ioxi
ns in
air,
wat
er
or so
ilA
ccre
dite
d ce
rtifie
d m
easu
rem
ent b
usin
ess f
or
spec
ified
con
cent
ratio
n (o
nly
diox
ins)
�So
und
pres
sure
leve
l�
Osc
illat
ing
acce
lera
tion
leve
l
17
Reg
istr
atio
n C
rite
ria
Reg
istr
atio
n C
rite
ria
�A
rran
gem
ent o
f mea
sure
men
t ins
trum
ents
�A
rran
gem
ent o
f cer
tifie
d en
viro
nmen
tal m
easu
rer
(ana
lyst
s)�
Cop
y of
acc
redi
tatio
n (o
nly
for s
peci
fied
mea
sure
men
t cer
tific
atio
n)
GC
-MS
18
Req
uire
d do
cum
ents
for
regi
stra
tion
Req
uire
d do
cum
ents
for
regi
stra
tion
19
Lis
t of a
naly
zer,
faci
litie
s and
equ
ipm
ent f
or
Lis
t of a
naly
zer,
faci
litie
s and
equ
ipm
ent f
or
mea
sure
men
t of c
once
ntra
tion
and
spec
ified
m
easu
rem
ent o
f con
cent
ratio
n an
d sp
ecifi
ed
conc
entr
atio
n of
wat
er o
r so
ilco
ncen
trat
ion
of w
ater
or
soil
20
Issu
ance
of R
egis
trat
ion
Issu
ance
of R
egis
trat
ion
Fum
e H
ood
21
Item
s to
be r
egul
ated
in th
e bu
sine
ss
Item
s to
be r
egul
ated
in th
e bu
sine
ss
regu
latio
nsre
gula
tions
22
On
On --
site
insp
ectio
n by
pre
fect
ural
si
te in
spec
tion
by p
refe
ctur
al
mea
sure
men
t ver
ifica
tion
cent
erm
easu
rem
ent v
erifi
catio
n ce
nter
23
An
Exa
mpl
e of
Min
imum
Lim
it of
A
n E
xam
ple
of M
inim
um L
imit
of
Det
erm
inat
ion
and
Sign
ifica
nt F
igur
eD
eter
min
atio
n an
d Si
gnifi
cant
Fig
ure --
11
24
An
Exa
mpl
e of
Min
imum
Lim
it of
A
n E
xam
ple
of M
inim
um L
imit
of
Det
erm
inat
ion
and
Sign
ifica
nt F
igur
eD
eter
min
atio
n an
d Si
gnifi
cant
Fig
ure --
22
25A
n E
xam
ple
of M
easu
rem
ent C
ertif
icat
e26
Prob
lem
s of C
urre
nt M
easu
rem
ent L
awPr
oble
ms o
f Cur
rent
Mea
sure
men
t Law
27
Sche
mat
ic R
epre
sent
atio
n of
Tra
ceab
ility
Sys
tem
(JE
TR
O)
Cal
ibra
tion
usin
g sp
ecifi
ed s
tand
ards
(dir
ect c
alib
ratio
n th
roug
h na
tiona
l mea
sure
men
t sta
ndar
ds (J
ET
RO
)
28
Acc
urac
y m
anag
emen
t in
envi
ronm
enta
l A
ccur
acy
man
agem
ent i
n en
viro
nmen
tal
mea
sure
men
tm
easu
rem
ent
29
Att
entio
n in
usi
ng m
easu
rem
ent
Att
entio
n in
usi
ng m
easu
rem
ent
inst
rum
ents
inst
rum
ents
30
Cal
ibra
tion
Cur
veC
alib
ratio
n C
urve
31
Att
entio
ns in
Mea
sure
men
tA
tten
tions
in M
easu
rem
ent
32
Att
entio
ns in
Mea
sure
men
tA
tten
tions
in M
easu
rem
ent
3334
Wha
t to
be p
aid
atte
ntio
n to
in a
naly
sis
Wha
t to
be p
aid
atte
ntio
n to
in a
naly
sis
of in
dust
rial
was
tew
ater
(Add
ition
al)
of in
dust
rial
was
tew
ater
(Add
ition
al)
35
Wha
t to
be p
aid
atte
ntio
n to
in a
naly
sis
Wha
t to
be p
aid
atte
ntio
n to
in a
naly
sis
of in
dust
rial
was
tew
ater
(Add
ition
al)
of in
dust
rial
was
tew
ater
(Add
ition
al)
36
Prep
arat
ion
of S
eed
Liq
uid
Prep
arat
ion
of S
eed
Liq
uid
37
An
Exa
mpl
e of
Ana
lytic
al F
low
char
tA
n E
xam
ple
of A
naly
tical
Flo
wch
art
(Hg)
(Hg)
38
Rec
omm
enda
tions
Rec
omm
enda
tions
39
Sche
mat
ic fl
ow o
f IC
P-M
Sby
Jen
na W
orle
y an
d St
eve
Kve
ch
Tha
nk y
ou fo
r yo
ur a
tten
tion.
See
you
aga
in
Wor
ksho
p M
ater
ial
Mon
itori
ng a
nd E
valu
atin
g of
Bus
ines
s Pla
n fo
rIm
plem
entin
g W
USC
Man
agem
ent M
odel
Aug
ust 2
7th, 2
013
Obj
ectiv
e:
-Tec
hnic
al/k
now
ledg
e tra
nsfe
r on
Mon
itorin
g an
d Ev
alua
tion
of b
usin
ess p
lan
-Enc
oura
ge to
self
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
by
WU
SC o
n th
eir b
usin
ess p
lan
(who
m a
lread
y pr
epar
e bu
sine
ss p
lan
with
our
pro
gram
)
Rem
arks
:
Con
tent
is a
lread
y in
trodu
ced
on la
st F
ebru
ary
to W
SSD
O st
aff
of Jh
apa
and
Mor
ang,
as w
ell a
s par
ticip
ants
from
Gau
rada
ha
WU
SC
Age
nda
1. W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
2. B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3. M
onito
ring
and
Eval
uatio
n of
bus
ines
s pla
n4.
Cas
e
1. W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
2. B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3. M
onito
ring
and
Eval
uatio
n of
bus
ines
s pla
n4.
Cas
e
(1) W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
Idea
l sta
te o
f WU
SC-W
USC
pro
vide
s saf
e w
ater
aff
orda
bly
in st
able
m
anne
r, to
max
imum
peo
ple
in th
eir j
uris
dict
ion
with
re
ason
able
cos
t
Man
agem
ent
of
WU
SC
Ope
ratio
nal C
apab
ility
Cap
acity
of
Faci
lity
Fina
ncia
l C
apab
ility
(1) W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
-For
real
izin
g id
eal s
tatu
s, it
may
nec
essa
ry to
enh
anci
ng 3
ca
pabi
litie
s
Man
agem
ent
of
WU
SC
Ope
ratio
nal C
apab
ility
Cap
acity
of
Faci
lity
Fina
ncia
l C
apab
ility
(1) W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
-For
real
izin
g id
eal s
tatu
s, it
may
nec
essa
ry to
enh
anci
ng 3
ca
pabi
litie
s with
pla
n
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mainten
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sufficiently�
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ater�rate�set�u
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proving/maintaining�
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(1) W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
Idea
l sta
te o
f WU
SC-W
USC
pro
vide
s saf
e w
ater
aff
orda
bly
in st
able
m
anne
r, to
max
imum
peo
ple
in th
eir j
uris
dict
ion
with
re
ason
able
cos
t
Rea
lize
with
1) T
arge
t set
ting
2) B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3) Im
plem
entin
gan
d4)
Tra
inin
g ba
sed
on S
OP
Man
agem
ent
of
WU
SC
Ope
ratio
nal C
apab
ility
Cap
acity
of
Faci
lity
Fina
ncia
l C
apab
ility
(1) W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
Faci
lity
impr
ovem
ent
plan
(tec
hnic
al p
lan
in
part
of b
usin
ess p
lan)
Fina
ncia
l pla
n (in
par
t of
bus
ines
s pla
n)
SOP
base
d tra
inin
g an
d jo
b flo
w st
anda
rdiz
atio
n
1. W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
2. B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3. M
onito
ring
and
Eval
uatio
n of
bus
ines
s pla
n4.
Cas
e
Plan
ning
Take
N
eces
sary
A
ctio
n
Mon
itorin
g an
d Ev
alua
tion
(Che
ck)
Impl
emen
tatio
n(D
o)
Plan
ning
Cyc
le
Let
s tal
k ab
out t
his p
art
Tech
nica
l pla
n
Fina
ncia
l pla
n
Adm
inis
trativ
e pl
an
Com
mer
cial
pla
n
Fina
ncia
lfe
asib
ility
st
udy
Not
feas
ible
Feas
ible
Bus
ines
s pla
nB
udge
t fra
mew
ork
Bud
get
Proj
ect
Act
ion
plan
Mon
itorin
g an
d Ev
alua
tion
Popu
latio
n pr
ojec
tW
ater
dem
and
proj
ectio
nFa
cilit
y im
prov
emen
t pla
n
Num
ber o
f sta
ffM
anag
emen
t eff
icie
ncy
Num
ber o
f con
nect
ion
Wat
er ra
teR
even
ue p
roje
ctio
n
Rev
enue
and
exp
endi
ture
A
rran
gem
ent o
f fin
anci
al
reso
urce
s
Targ
ets
Targ
ets
-Pro
duct
ion
-Rev
enue
-NR
Wet
c.
Targ
ets
Tech
nica
l Pla
n•M
ain
aim
of t
echn
ical
pla
n to
kno
w w
heth
er
exis
ting
faci
lity
mee
t the
wat
er d
eman
d or
not
-P
opul
atio
n-S
ervi
ce C
over
age
-Pop
ulat
ion
serv
ed-C
onsu
mpt
ion
per d
ay p
er c
apita
-Fac
ility
impr
ovem
ent p
lan
and
capi
tal c
ost
-Fac
ility
ope
ratio
n an
d m
aint
enan
ce c
ost
(pow
er/fu
el fo
r pum
ping
, che
mic
al fo
r pur
ifica
tion,
sp
are
parts
, rep
air a
nd m
aint
enan
ce c
ost
Com
mer
cial
Pla
n (C
usto
mer
Ser
vice
Pla
n)•C
omm
erci
al p
lan
mai
nly
focu
s on
addi
tiona
l co
nnec
tion
and
wat
er ra
te a
nd b
ased
on
this
re
venu
e fr
om sa
les o
f wat
er is
cal
cula
ted
-Num
ber o
f add
ition
al c
onne
ctio
n-N
umbe
r of c
onne
ctio
n-A
vera
ge c
onsu
mpt
ion
per c
onne
ctio
n-W
ater
rate
-Col
lect
ion
Effic
ienc
y-R
even
ue fr
om sa
les o
f wat
er a
nd se
rvic
es
Adm
inis
trativ
e Pl
an
•Foc
us o
n nu
mbe
r of s
taff
con
side
ring
labo
r ef
ficie
ncy
and
mai
ntai
ning
qua
lity
of se
rvic
es•I
f sta
ff is
shor
tage
, qua
lity
is d
rop,
if o
ver
staf
fed,
eff
ect m
anag
emen
t eff
icie
ncy
-Num
ber o
f sta
ff-S
alar
ies a
nd w
ages
-Off
ice
man
agem
ent c
ost
-Lab
or e
ffic
ienc
y-C
ompu
teriz
atio
n
Fina
ncia
l Pla
n •F
inan
cial
pla
n m
ainl
y fo
cus o
n re
venu
e an
d ex
pend
iture
, rev
enue
of s
ales
of w
ater
but
it m
ay
not b
e su
ffic
ient
mai
nly
durin
g ca
pita
l inv
estm
ent,
so in
this
cas
e m
ay re
quire
d gr
ant o
r loa
n (f
inan
cial
reso
urce
s arr
ange
men
t pla
n)•E
nd b
alan
ce m
ay b
ette
r kee
p at
leas
t 3-5
%
posi
tive
agai
nst r
even
ue fr
om sa
les o
f wat
er (t
his
is c
ash
on h
and
for e
mer
genc
y)-R
even
ue-E
xpen
ditu
re-F
inan
cial
reso
urce
s arr
ange
men
t pla
n
•A
fter f
inan
cial
pla
n be
com
es fe
asib
le, c
ompi
le a
ll th
e da
ta a
nd B
USI
NES
S PL
AN
is p
repa
red
•B
USI
NES
S PL
AN
is im
plem
ente
d in
term
s of b
udge
t fr
amew
ork,
pro
ject
etc
•B
usin
ess p
lan
shou
ld b
e re
view
ed su
ch th
at it
is
impl
emen
ted
in ri
ght t
ruck
or n
ot, i
t can
be
done
th
roug
hM
ON
ITO
RIN
G A
ND
EV
AL
UA
TIO
N
-Nor
mal
ly b
usin
ess p
lan
is c
ompl
ied
as re
port
styl
e/fo
rmat
and
pre
sent
atio
n st
yle
form
at fo
r re
view
/sub
mis
sion
/exp
lain
to p
eopl
e co
ncer
ns
-Typ
ical
tabl
e of
con
tent
s is:
1) e
xecu
tive
sum
mar
y
2) M
issi
on, v
isio
n an
d co
re v
alue
, obj
ectiv
es3)
revi
ew o
f pre
viou
s yea
r’s p
lan
anal
ysis
(per
form
ance
vs.
targ
et/b
udge
t)is
sues
and
pro
blem
/man
agem
ent e
nviro
nmen
t4)
bus
ines
s stra
tegy
/impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gy5)
tech
nica
l pla
n (p
opul
atio
n, se
rvic
e co
vera
ge, w
ater
de
man
d, fa
cilit
y im
prov
emen
t pla
n an
d ca
pita
l cos
t, te
chni
cal a
ctiv
ities
, etc
.)
6) c
usto
mer
serv
ice
plan
(con
nect
ion,
wat
er ra
te,
reve
nue
from
sale
s of w
ater
and
serv
ices
, co
mm
erci
al a
ctiv
ities
, etc
.)7)
adm
inis
trativ
e pl
an (s
taff
ing,
man
agem
ent
effic
ienc
y, a
dmin
istra
tive
activ
ities
, etc
.)8)
fina
ncia
l pla
n (r
even
ue a
nd e
xpen
ditu
re, f
inan
cial
re
sour
ces a
rran
gem
ent)
9) M
&E
plan
10) a
ppen
dix/
atta
chm
ent
E: T
arge
t and
key
per
form
ance
indi
cato
rU
nit
Bas
e lin
e20
1320
1420
1520
1620
1720
1820
19(A
) Cus
tom
er s
ervi
ces
indi
cato
r(3
) Cov
erag
e ra
tio%
37%
37%
38%
39%
40%
41%
42%
43%
(4) P
opul
atio
n se
rved
14,8
4017
,240
19,6
4021
,489
23,2
1824
,492
26,6
8227
,685
(31)
Avr
. con
sum
ptio
n pe
r con
nect
ion
cm/m
ont h
2929
2928
27.5
26.5
26.5
25.5
(29)
Num
ber o
f act
ive
conn
ectio
n1,
855
2,15
52,
455
2,75
53,
055
3,35
53,
655
3,95
5(B
) Eng
inee
ring
(8) P
rodu
ctio
n V
olum
ecm
/day
2,01
64,
032
4,03
24,
032
4,03
24,
032
4,03
24,
032
(9) U
FW%
11%
8%8%
8%8%
8%8%
8%(1
1) N
RW
%13
%10
%10
%10
%10
%10
%10
%10
%( C
) Man
agem
ent E
ffic
ienc
y(4
0) N
umbe
r of s
taff
1313
1314
1517
1819
Num
ber o
f con
nect
ion
per s
taff
143
166
189
197
204
197
203
208
(36)
Col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
(D) F
inan
cial
(5
0) R
even
ue fr
om o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/ y7,
948
9,06
010
,321
11,9
6212
,797
13,0
2815
,981
15,9
63(5
6) E
xpen
ditu
re fo
r ope
ratio
nal a
ctiv
ity,0
00 N
R/ y
5,10
95,
078
5,35
35,
811
6,30
37,
018
7,59
88,
222
(62)
Rev
enue
,000
NR
/ y9,
363
95,1
8610
,321
12,1
7512
,797
13,0
2815
,981
15,9
63(6
3) E
xpen
ditu
re,0
00 N
R/ y
5,33
391
,205
5,35
37,
941
7,08
77,
683
9,56
79,
981
(64)
Cas
h ba
lanc
e,0
00 N
R/ y
4,03
03,
982
4,96
94,
234
5,71
05,
345
6,41
45,
982
Sam
ple
M&
E sh
eet p
repa
red
in th
e bu
sine
ss p
lan
Bas
ed o
n th
is, y
ou m
ust m
odify
and
pre
pare
you
r M&
E fo
rm 1. W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
2. B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3. M
onito
ring
and
Eval
uatio
n of
bus
ines
s pla
n4.
Cas
e
Plan
ning
Take
N
eces
sary
A
ctio
n
Mon
itorin
g an
d Ev
alua
tion
(Che
ck)
Impl
emen
tatio
n(D
o)
Plan
ning
Cyc
le
Now
, mov
es to
talk
abo
ut
this
par
t
1) D
ata
colle
ctio
n4)
Eva
luat
ion
2) M
onito
ring
5) T
ake
corr
ectiv
e ac
tion,
if n
eces
sary
M&
E 3) F
inan
cial
si
mul
atio
n
1) D
ata
colle
ctio
n-C
olle
ct d
ata
on p
erfo
rman
ce fo
r mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
*-D
esig
n fo
rmat
-F
ulfil
l col
lect
ed d
ata
-Som
e ca
lcul
atio
n (e
.g. r
atio
)
* B
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lan
prep
ares
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e da
ta (t
arge
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Sam
ple
mon
itori
ng fo
rmat
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tech
nica
l pla
n)
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opul
atio
n –
from
tech
nica
l pla
n2)
Ser
vice
cov
erag
e –
calc
ulat
ed fr
om 3
)3)
Pop
ulat
ion
serv
ed –
calc
ulat
ed fr
om n
umbe
r of c
onne
ctio
n an
d av
erag
e ho
useh
olds
size
4) W
ater
dem
and
–fr
om te
chni
cal p
lan
(targ
et),
calc
ulat
ed p
rodu
ctio
n vo
lum
e di
vide
d po
pula
tion
serv
ed
5) P
rodu
ctio
n -m
easu
red
6) A
ccou
nted
wat
er -
mea
sure
d7)
UFW
–ca
lcul
ated
with
5) a
nd 6
)8)
Wat
er q
ualit
y –
mea
sure
d9)
Ser
vice
hou
rs –
mea
sure
d10
) Lea
kage
repa
ir -m
easu
red
from
: /
/ to
: /
/A
: Mon
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echn
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opul
atio
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--
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--
--
--
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22)
Ser
vice
cov
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tio%
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--
--
--
--
--
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ulat
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Serv
ed0
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--
--
--
--
--
0-
T04
4) W
ater
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and
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/cap
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Vol
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eter
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00
00
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day
00
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eter
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86)
Acc
ount
ed w
ater
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c m
eter
s/da
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97)
UFW
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0%0%
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T10
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ater
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ple
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ith s
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paire
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00
Sam
ple
mon
itori
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rmat
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com
mer
cial
pla
n)
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vera
ge n
umbe
r of h
ouse
hold
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om c
omm
erci
al p
lan
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illed
wat
er –
mea
sure
d fr
om m
eter
read
ing
3) N
RW
–ca
lcul
ated
from
pro
duct
ion
volu
me
and
2)4)
Ave
rage
con
sum
ptio
n pe
r con
nect
ion
–ca
lcul
ated
2) d
ivid
e w
ith 5
) 5)
Num
ber o
f con
nect
ion
-mea
sure
d6)
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ew c
onne
ctio
n, d
isco
nnec
tion
-mea
sure
d8)
Bill
ing
amou
nt -
mea
sure
d9)
Col
lect
ion
amou
nt –
mea
sure
d10
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lect
ion
effic
ienc
y –
calc
ulat
ed 9
) div
ide
with
8)
11) W
ater
rate
–fr
om a
ctiv
e 12
) Cus
tom
er c
ompl
aint
s –m
easu
red
13
) Cus
tom
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rvey
ed –
if W
USC
doe
s
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mer
cial
Targ
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JAN
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RA
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AY
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Ave
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f hou
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ater
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108)
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er R
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17 -
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ays
20
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18 -
Num
ber o
f com
plain
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00
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umbe
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wor
king
days
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pons
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tio%
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0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
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usto
mer
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veye
dC
22 -
Que
stio
nnai
re
--
--
--
--
--
--
-C
23 -
Effe
ctiv
e Re
play
--
--
--
--
--
--
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24 -
Cus
tom
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tisfa
ctio
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--
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--
--
--
--
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Sam
ple
mon
itori
ng fo
rmat
(for
adm
inis
trat
ive
plan
)
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umbe
r of s
taff
–fr
om a
dmin
istra
tive
plan
(tar
get)
and
actu
al2)
Lab
or E
ffic
ienc
y –
calc
ulat
e nu
mbe
r of c
onne
ctio
ns b
y 1)
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ple
mon
itori
ng fo
rmat
(for
fin
anci
al p
lan)
1) -3
) –
from
fina
ncia
l rep
ort
4) U
nit c
ost –
oper
atio
nal e
xpre
ss e
xclu
ding
de
prec
iatio
n di
vide
by
prod
uctio
n
2) M
onito
ring:
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ieve
men
t, pe
rfor
man
ce a
gain
st ta
rget
, pro
gres
s-c
onfir
m a
chie
vem
ent i
s mor
e th
an e
xpec
tatio
n, o
r pe
rfor
man
ce re
ach
to ta
rget
, or s
ched
ule
is o
n tim
e-w
atch
out
put(s
)-e
.g. b
udge
t vs.
disb
urse
men
t, re
venu
e vs
. exp
ecte
d re
venu
e
Tar
get o
f 3
year
s af
ter
Perf
orm
ance
of
firs
t yea
r
wat
chin
g
Gap
for
catc
h up
in
two
year
s
2) M
onito
ring
*) C
onfir
mat
ion
of a
chie
ving
targ
ets
-MA
T an
d W
USC
che
ck th
e ac
hiev
emen
t of t
hese
ta
rget
s, an
d fin
d re
ason
whe
n pe
rfor
man
ces a
re n
ot
reac
hing
the
targ
et.
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porta
nt th
ing
is, f
ind
the
reas
on a
nd fi
x th
e pr
oble
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m p
rogr
ess o
f pro
ject
/act
ion
plan
or s
peci
al
activ
ities
requ
ired
in b
usin
ess p
lan
-If f
acili
ty im
prov
emen
t pla
n is
sche
dule
d, c
heck
the
prog
ress
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para
tion
mus
t do
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ne y
ear w
hen
the
proj
ect
star
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ost e
stim
ate
mus
t rev
iew
and
upd
ate
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mos
t rec
ent
unit
cost
2) M
onito
ring:
Tec
hnic
al P
lan
ii) C
onfir
m p
rogr
ess o
f pro
ject
/act
ion
plan
or s
peci
al
activ
ities
requ
ired
in b
usin
ess p
lan
-If f
acili
ty im
prov
emen
t pro
ject
is g
oing
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che
ck th
e pr
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uch
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plet
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mpl
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sche
dule
?-A
re th
ere
any
issu
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nd p
rogr
am e
mer
ged?
2) M
onito
ring:
Tec
hnic
al P
lan
iii) C
onfir
m p
rogr
ess o
f pro
ject
/act
ion
plan
or s
peci
al
activ
ities
requ
ired
in b
usin
ess p
lan
-If f
acili
ty im
prov
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t pro
ject
is re
cent
ly fi
nish
ed,
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k-I
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re a
ny is
sues
and
pro
gram
em
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iffer
ence
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cos
t est
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e-C
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m c
apac
ity o
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mee
t wat
er d
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d
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onito
ring:
Tec
hnic
al P
lan
iv) C
onfir
mat
ion
of a
chie
ving
targ
ets
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vice
cov
erag
e -P
opul
atio
n se
rved
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er d
eman
d-P
rodu
ctio
n-A
ccou
nted
wat
er
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ater
qua
lity
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0%?
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vice
hou
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24 h
ours
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eaka
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pair
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onito
ring:
Tec
hnic
al P
lan
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ater
rate
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ater
rate
impr
ovem
ent i
s sch
edul
ed, c
heck
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duct
pub
lic h
earin
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eetin
g, a
nd h
ow a
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hat
atte
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t com
men
ts?
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te im
prov
emen
t is o
n sc
hedu
le o
r lat
e?-C
onfir
m n
ew w
ater
rate
mak
es fi
nanc
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ound
ness
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d to
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ease
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on?)
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onito
ring:
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mer
cial
Pla
n
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mat
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ving
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ets
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ater
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W-A
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mpt
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ount
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ficie
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-Cus
tom
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ompl
aint
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play
ratio
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00%
?
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onito
ring:
Com
mer
cial
Pla
n
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onfir
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ving
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ets
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ff-L
abor
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icie
ncy
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onito
ring:
Adm
inis
trativ
e Pl
an
i) C
onfir
mat
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of a
chie
ving
targ
ets
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enue
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endi
ture
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onito
ring:
Fin
anci
al P
lan
3) F
inan
cial
sim
ulat
ion
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ieve
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t of r
even
ue ta
rget
and
bud
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arge
t -S
imul
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n fo
r con
firm
suff
icie
ncy
of fi
nanc
ial p
lan
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need
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cha
nge
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cial
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n/bu
sine
ss p
lan?
)
Orig
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ncia
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lity
impr
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ent p
lan
May
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ease
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riff m
ore
May
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anci
al a
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cial
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ulat
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nce
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utur
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ld b
e fe
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peci
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ater
rate
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ched
ule
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nanc
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ange
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t
Shift
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and
fulfi
ll ac
tual
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une
2012
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e as
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inan
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ulat
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anci
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part
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nanc
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lan.
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ata
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nanc
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lan
com
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om o
ther
pla
ns.
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nge
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nica
l pla
n, th
en c
omm
erci
al p
lan,
and
ad
min
istra
tive
plan
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n Ex
cel f
orm
at, c
hang
ing
thes
e pl
ans a
utom
atic
ally
ef
fect
s to
finan
cial
pla
n.
3) F
inan
cial
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ulat
ion
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chni
cal p
lan:
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duct
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me
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ount
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olum
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FW)
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RW
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apita
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estm
ent
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ost
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mic
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ost
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air a
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aint
enan
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ost
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inan
cial
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ulat
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omm
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lan
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ber o
f con
nect
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rage
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sum
ptio
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r con
nect
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te
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inan
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ulat
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tive
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alar
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ages
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st
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inan
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inan
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n-T
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ate
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n ar
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les o
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er-R
even
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serv
ices
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anci
al re
venu
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tere
st re
venu
e, e
tc.)
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ost (
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loan
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even
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r cap
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nves
tmen
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ubsi
diar
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ital i
nves
tmen
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ther
e is
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er o
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vest
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t for
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nica
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witz
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ank
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pply
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quire
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t of c
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) Man
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ow e
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pply
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dnes
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r fut
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cial
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man
d w
hile
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stom
er se
rvic
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Efficiency
�UFW
/NRW
�Billing�collection�ratio
�Con
nection/staff
�etc.
Activities�of�W
USC
How
goo
d W
USC
pro
vide
serv
ices
to
custo
mer
, or h
ow g
ood
WU
SC
achi
eve
the
miss
ion
and
obje
ctiv
es
Coul
d su
stain
fina
ncia
l ind
epen
denc
y an
d be
ar fu
ture
fina
ncia
l dem
and
while
impr
ovin
g cu
stom
er se
rvic
es
How
pro
perly
WU
SC o
pera
te w
ater
su
pply
syst
em fo
r ach
ieve
the
requ
irem
ent o
f cus
tom
er se
rvic
es
How
effi
cien
tly W
USC
ope
rate
wat
er
supp
ly sy
stem
Sam
ple
of P
erfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rs
Judg
e 4
item
s
Typi
cal p
erfo
rman
ce in
dica
tors
for m
onito
ring
and
also
eva
luat
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f W
USC
’s a
ctiv
ity.
Bas
ical
ly p
erfo
rman
ce in
dica
tor u
se fo
r mea
sure
of a
chie
vem
ent w
hat W
USC
shou
ld d
o as
mis
sion
and
obj
ectiv
es o
f the
org
aniz
atio
n:
Obj
ectiv
es a
nd m
issi
on o
f WU
SC:
-Pro
vide
safe
wat
er to
use
r (po
tabl
e w
ater
)
-Pro
vide
wat
er to
max
imum
use
r (in
crea
sing
serv
ice
cove
rage
as m
uch
as p
ossi
ble)
-Pro
vide
wat
er a
ffor
dabl
y (2
4 ho
urs a
day
, 365
day
s per
yea
r dis
tribu
tion
with
suff
icie
nt
wat
er p
ress
ure)
and
-Pro
vide
wat
er w
ith re
ason
able
cos
t (ch
eap
as m
uch
as p
ossi
ble
whi
le a
void
ing
nega
tive
cash
bal
ance
)
Sam
ple
eval
uatio
n fo
rmat
1) W
ater
Qua
lity
-Bac
terio
logi
cal t
est:
test
resu
lt sh
ould
be
100%
mee
t with
nat
iona
l sta
ndar
d-C
hlor
inat
ion
test
: tes
t res
ult s
houl
d be
100
% m
eet w
ith n
atio
nal s
tand
ard
2) S
ervi
ce c
over
age
ratio
: sho
uld
be m
ore
than
targ
et. A
ctua
l cal
cula
ted
base
d on
num
ber
of c
onne
ctio
n.
3) c
onsu
mpt
ion:
shou
ld b
e m
ore
than
nat
iona
l sta
ndar
d. N
orm
ally
min
imum
requ
irem
ent
is 6
5 lit
ter p
er d
ay p
er c
apita
and
idea
lly 1
15 li
tter p
er d
ay p
er c
apita
. 4)
Ser
vice
hou
rs: 2
4 ho
urs
5) U
nit p
rice/
min
imum
cha
rge:
bet
ter m
ore
than
75%
but
less
than
90%
.6)
Com
plai
nts r
espo
nse
ratio
: 100
%?
from
: /
/ to
: /
/Ev
alua
tion
Shee
t(1
) Cus
tom
er s
ervi
ceun
itTa
rget
Res
ult
1) W
ater
Qua
lity
E11
- B
acte
riolo
gica
l tes
t%
100%
0%E1
2 -
Chl
orin
atio
n te
st%
100%
0%E1
32)
Ser
vice
cov
erag
e ra
tio%
0%0%
E13
3) c
onsu
mpt
ion
litte
r/day
/cap
ita0
0E1
44)
Ser
vice
hou
rsho
urs/
day
00
E15
5) U
nit p
rice/
min
imum
cha
rge
%0%
0%E1
66)
Com
plai
nts
resp
onse
ratio
%0%
0%E1
9Ev
alua
tion:
Sam
ple
eval
uatio
n fo
rmat
1) W
ater
dem
and:
cal
cula
te w
ater
dem
and
per d
ay p
er c
apita
on
plan
mul
tiple
s po
pula
tion
serv
ed o
n pl
an a
s tar
get,
and
com
pare
wat
er d
eman
d ca
lcul
ated
by
num
ber o
f co
nnec
tion.
If w
ater
dem
and
is m
ore
than
75
litte
r per
day
per
cap
ita, i
t is m
ore
than
m
inim
um le
vel.
If m
ore
than
nat
iona
l sta
ndar
d, it
is g
ood.
2)
Pro
duct
ion
volu
me:
targ
et is
pla
nned
. Com
pare
with
act
ual p
rodu
ctio
n.3)
Acc
ount
ed w
ater
: tar
get i
s pla
nned
. Com
pare
with
act
ual a
ccou
nted
wat
er m
easu
red.
4)
Bill
ed W
ater
: tar
get i
s pla
nned
. Com
pare
with
act
ual b
illed
wat
er m
easu
red.
5) G
ap w
ith w
ater
dem
and:
diff
er o
f 1) a
nd 2
).
(2) C
apab
ility
unit
Targ
etR
esul
tE2
11)
Wat
er d
eman
dcu
bic
met
ers/
day
00
E22
2) P
rodu
ctio
n vo
lum
ecu
bic
met
ers/
day
00
E23
3) A
ccou
nted
wat
ercu
bic
met
ers/
day
00
E24
4) B
illed
Wat
ercu
bic
met
ers/
day
00
E25
5) G
ap w
ith w
ater
dem
and
%0
0E2
9Ev
alua
tion:
Sam
ple
eval
uatio
n fo
rmat
1) U
FW: b
ette
r les
s tha
n 20
%.
2) N
RW
: bet
ter l
ess t
han
25%
.3)
Col
lect
ion
Effic
ienc
y: b
ette
r mor
e th
an 9
5%.
4) L
abor
eff
icie
ncy:
nor
mal
ly a
roun
d 12
0 fo
r 500
to 1
,000
con
nect
ions
, 150
for 1
,000
to
2,00
0, a
nd 2
00 fo
r 2,0
00 to
3,0
00, b
ut d
epen
d on
faci
lity
and
syst
em.
(3) M
anag
emen
t eff
icie
ncy
unit
Targ
etR
esul
tE3
11)
UFW
%0%
0%E3
22)
NR
W%
0%0%
E33
3) C
olle
ctio
n Ef
ficie
ncy
%0%
0%E3
44)
Lab
or e
ffic
ienc
yco
nnec
tions
/sta
ff0
0E3
9Ev
alua
tion:
Sam
ple
eval
uatio
n fo
rmat
1) R
even
ue (c
ash)
: tar
get o
n fin
anci
al p
lan
and
actu
al o
n ca
sh fl
ow st
atem
ent.
2) E
xpen
ditu
re (c
ash)
: tar
get o
n fin
anci
al p
lan
and
actu
al o
n ca
sh fl
ow st
atem
ent.
3) P
rofit
/loss
(cas
h ba
se):
cash
bal
ance
targ
et o
n fin
anci
al p
lan
and
actu
al o
n ca
sh fl
ow
stat
emen
t. Si
mpl
y ca
lcul
ate
1) m
inus
2) a
nd it
shou
ld b
e po
sitiv
e.
4) P
rofit
abili
ty (c
ash
base
): Si
mpl
y ca
lcul
ated
3) d
ivid
ed b
y 1)
and
bette
r mor
e th
an 5
%.
5) P
rofit
abili
ty (i
ncom
e st
atem
ent b
ase)
: sim
ply
calc
ulat
e fig
ured
on
inco
me
stat
emen
t. Pr
ofit
befo
re ta
x di
vide
with
reve
nue,
and
bet
ter m
ore
than
3%
but
als
o be
tter l
ess t
han
5%.
5) O
pera
ting
ratio
: cal
cula
te o
pera
tion
expe
nse
divi
de b
y op
erat
ion
reve
nue
(bot
h on
in
com
e st
atem
ent)
and
shou
ld b
e le
ss th
an 1
00%
. Sm
alle
r is b
ette
r. 6)
Cur
rent
ratio
: cal
cula
te c
urre
nt li
abili
ty d
ivid
ed b
y cu
rren
tass
et (b
oth
on b
alan
ce
shee
t) an
d sh
ould
be
less
than
100
%. S
mal
ler i
s bet
ter.
(4) F
inan
cial
sou
ndne
ssun
itTa
rget
Res
ult
E41
1) R
even
ue (c
ash)
,000
R0
0E4
22)
Exp
endi
ture
(cas
h),0
00 R
00
E43
3) P
rofit
/loss
(cas
h ba
se)
,000
R0
0E4
44)
Pro
fitab
ility
(cas
h ba
se)
%0%
0%E4
55)
Pro
fitab
ility
(inco
me
stat
emen
t bas
e)%
-0%
E46
5) O
pera
ting
ratio
%-
0%E4
76)
Cur
rent
ratio
%-
0%E4
9Ev
alua
tion:
(5) E
valu
atio
n an
d re
com
men
datio
n:
1. W
USC
man
agem
ent m
odel
2. B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
3. M
onito
ring
and
Eval
uatio
n of
bus
ines
s pla
n4.
Cas
e
4. C
ase:
Dhu
laba
ri W
USC
Rem
arks
:
-Non
fina
ncia
l dat
a is
hea
ring
base
, not
succ
ess t
o co
llect
thei
r ac
cura
te d
ata
and
copy
of t
heir
data
shee
t
-Thi
s is f
or c
ase
and
for m
ake
sam
ple,
not
off
icia
l M&
E fo
r D
hula
bari
WU
SC
Orig
inal
Tec
hnic
al P
lan
in 2
011
A: E
ngin
eerin
g pl
anun
itB
ase
line
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
(1) P
opul
atio
n 40
,000
40,8
4041
,698
42,5
7343
,467
44,3
8045
,312
(2) P
opul
atio
n gr
owth
%2.
1%2.
1%2.
1%2.
1%2.
1%2.
1%2.
1%(3
) Cov
erag
e ra
tio%
50%
53%
55%
57%
59%
61%
62%
(4) P
opul
atio
n se
rved
20,0
0021
,638
22,9
5824
,278
25,5
9826
,918
28,2
38(5
) Con
sum
ptio
n/ca
pita
/day
litte
r65
6565
6590
9090
(6) W
ater
Dem
and
cm/d
ay1,
300
1,40
61,
492
1,57
82,
304
2,42
32,
541
(7) I
ntak
e W
ater
Vol
ume
cm/d
ay2,
500
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
(8) P
rodu
ctio
n V
olum
ecm
/day
2,50
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
0(9
) UFW
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%(1
0) A
ccou
ntin
g w
ater
cm/d
ay2,
200
2,72
82,
728
2,72
82,
728
2,72
82,
728
(11)
NR
W%
15%
15%
15%
15%
15%
15%
15%
(12)
Pos
sible
reve
nue
wat
ercm
/day
2,12
52,
635
2,63
52,
635
2,63
52,
635
2,63
5
(13)
Fac
ility
impr
ovem
ent (
*1)
,000
RP
13,9
92(1
4) P
reve
ntin
g m
aint
enan
ce (*
1),0
00 R
P(1
5) s
ub to
tal o
f cap
ital i
nves
tmen
t (*1
),0
00 R
P0
13,9
920
00
00
(16)
Infla
ted
capi
tal i
nves
tmen
t,0
00 R
P15
,111
00
00
0(1
7) In
flatio
n ra
te%
8%8%
8%8%
8%8%
8%(1
8) In
dica
tor f
or in
flatio
n0
12
34
56
(19)
Incr
ease
s of
pow
er c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/ydum
my
140
(20)
Infla
ted
(19)
,000
NR
/ydum
my
152
(21)
Pow
er a
nd fu
els
for p
umpi
ng,0
00 N
R/y
585
783
846
914
987
1,06
61,
151
(22)
Incr
ease
s of
che
mic
al c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/ydum
my
2(2
3) In
flate
d (2
2),0
00 N
R/yd
umm
y2
(24)
Che
mic
al fo
r pro
duct
ion
,000
NR
/y7
910
1112
1314
(25)
Incr
ease
s of
spa
re p
arts
, rep
air,
mai
n,00
0 N
R/yd
umm
y29
8(2
6) In
flate
d (2
5),0
00 N
R/yd
umm
y32
2(2
6) S
pare
par
ts, r
epai
r and
mai
nten
ance
,000
NR
/y1,
491
1,93
22,
087
2,25
42,
434
2,62
92,
839
(27)
O&
M c
ost e
xclu
ding
sal
arie
s an
d ad
m,000
NR
/y2,
083
2,72
52,
943
3,17
93,
433
3,70
84,
004
(*1)
pric
e of
yea
r 201
1N
otes
: Fisc
al y
ear s
how
s ye
ar e
nd, e
.g. J
uly
2008
-Jun
e 20
09 s
how
s 20
09
Orig
inal
Com
mer
cial
Pla
n in
201
1B
: Cus
tom
er s
ervi
ce p
lan
unit
Bas
e lin
e20
1220
1320
1420
1520
1620
17(2
8) N
umbe
r of a
dditi
onal
con
nect
ion
dum
my
273
220
220
220
220
220
(29)
Num
ber o
f act
ive
conn
ectio
n2,
247
2,52
02,
740
2,96
03,
180
3,40
03,
620
(30)
Ave
rage
fam
ily s
izepe
rson
/fa6
66
66
66
(31)
Avr
. con
sum
ptio
n pe
r co
nnec
tionc
m/m
ont
1212
1212
1616
16(3
2) C
onfir
mat
ion
of (3
1) w
ith (5
)cm
/mon
th11
.711
.711
.711
.716
.216
.216
.2(3
3) M
inim
um c
harg
e vo
lum
ecm
/mon
t h8
88
88
88
(34)
Wat
er r
ate
(min
imum
cha
rge)
NR
8090
9010
010
010
010
0(3
5) W
ater
rat
e (c
omm
odit y
cha
rge
9-N
R12
1212
1414
1414
(35)
Wat
er r
ate
(com
mod
it y c
harg
e 16
NR
15(3
6) C
olle
ctio
n ef
ficie
ncy
%99
%99
%99
%99
%99
%99
%99
%(3
7) E
xpec
ted
mon
thly
reve
nue
from
sal
e s,0
00 N
R/m
285
344
374
457
667
714
760
(38)
Exp
ecte
d an
nual
reve
nue
from
sal
es ,
000
NR
/ y4,
685
4,13
14,
492
5,48
68,
009
8,56
39,
117
Yel
low
is ta
rget
dat
a tra
nsfe
r to
mon
itorin
g sh
eet
Ora
nge
is a
utom
atic
ally
cal
cula
ted
targ
et a
lso
trans
fer t
o m
onito
ring
shee
t
Orig
inal
Adm
inis
trativ
e Pl
an in
201
1
C: A
dmin
istra
tive
plan
unit
Bas
e lin
e20
1220
1320
1420
1520
1620
17(3
9) In
crea
ses
of s
taff
(40)
Num
ber o
f sta
ff23
2323
2323
2323
(41)
Incr
easin
g sa
larie
sN
R/s
taff
00
00
00
(42)
Infla
ted
(41)
,000
NR
/ydum
my
00
00
00
(43)
Sal
arie
s an
d w
ages
,000
NR
/y1,
705
1,84
11,
989
2,14
82,
320
2,50
52,
706
(44)
Incr
ease
s ad
mi c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/yea
r54
6476
9134
9(4
5) In
flate
d (4
4),0
00 N
R/yd
umm
y58
6982
980
376
(46)
Adm
inist
rativ
e co
st,0
00 N
R/y
540
642
762
905
1,07
61,
162
1,63
1(4
7) s
ubto
tal o
f sal
arie
s an
d ad
mi c
ost
,000
NR
/ y2,
245
2,48
32,
751
3,05
33,
395
3,66
74,
337
Orig
inal
Fin
anci
al P
lan
in 2
011
D: F
inan
cial
pla
nun
itB
ase
line
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
(48)
Rev
enue
from
sal
es o
f wat
er,0
00 N
R/ y
4,68
54,
131
4,49
25,
486
8,00
98,
563
9,11
7(4
9) R
even
ue fr
om o
ther
s,0
00 N
R/ y
1,01
71,
157
1,25
81,
536
2,24
32,
398
2,55
3(5
0) R
even
ue fr
om o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/y5,
702
5,28
85,
750
7,02
210
,252
10,9
6111
,670
(51)
Sal
arie
s,0
00 N
R/ y
1,70
51,
841
1,98
92,
148
2,32
02,
505
2,70
6(5
2) P
ower
,000
NR
/ y58
578
384
691
498
71,
066
1,15
1(5
3) C
hem
ical
s,0
00 N
R/ y
79
1011
1213
14(5
4) S
pare
par
ts, m
aint
enan
ce a
nd re
pair
,000
NR
/y1,
491
1,93
22,
087
2,25
42,
434
2,62
92,
839
(55)
Oth
er O
&M
and
adm
inist
ratio
n,0
00 N
R/ y
540
642
762
905
1,07
61,
162
1,63
1(5
6) E
xpen
ditu
re fo
r ope
ratio
nal a
ctiv
ity,0
00 N
R/y
4,32
85,
208
5,69
46,
232
6,82
87,
374
8,34
1(5
7) C
ash
bala
nce
of o
pera
tiona
l act
iviti
e s,0
00 N
R/y
1,37
480
5679
03,
423
3,58
63,
329
(58)
Rev
enue
for c
apita
l inv
estm
ent
,000
NR
/ y94
415
,111
00
00
0(5
9) C
apita
l exp
endi
ture
,000
NR
/ y77
215
,111
00
00
0(6
0) R
even
ue fr
om fi
nanc
ial a
ctiv
ity,0
00 N
R/ y
163
(61)
Fin
anci
al c
ost
,000
NR
/yea
r(6
2) R
even
ue,0
00 N
R/ y
6,80
920
,400
5,75
07,
022
10,2
5210
,961
11,6
70(6
3) E
xpen
ditu
re,0
00 N
R/ y
5,10
020
,319
5,69
46,
232
6,82
87,
374
8,34
1(6
4) C
ash
bala
nce
,000
NR
1,70
980
5679
03,
423
3,58
63,
329
(65)
End
bal
ance
,000
NR
2,45
72,
537
2,59
33,
383
6,80
610
,393
13,7
22
Orig
inal
M&
E Pl
an in
201
1E:
Tar
get a
nd k
ey p
erfo
rman
ce in
dica
tor
Uni
tB
ase
line
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
(A) C
usto
mer
ser
vice
s in
dica
tor
(3) C
over
age
ratio
%50
%53
%55
%57
%59
%61
%62
%(4
) Pop
ulat
ion
serv
ed20
,000
21,6
3822
,958
24,2
7825
,598
26,9
1828
,238
(31)
Avr
. con
sum
ptio
n pe
r con
nect
ion
cm/m
ont h
1212
1212
1616
16(2
9) N
umbe
r of a
ctiv
e co
nnec
tion
2,24
72,
520
2,74
02,
960
3,18
03,
400
3,62
0(B
) Eng
inee
ring
(8) P
rodu
ctio
n V
olum
ecm
/day
2,50
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
0(9
) UFW
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%12
%(1
1) N
RW
%15
%15
%15
%15
%15
%15
%15
%( C
) Man
agem
ent E
ffic
ienc
y(4
0) N
umbe
r of s
taff
2323
2323
2323
23N
umbe
r of c
onne
ctio
n pe
r sta
ff98
110
119
129
138
148
157
(36)
Col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y%
99%
99%
99%
99%
99%
99%
99%
(D) F
inan
cial
(5
0) R
even
ue fr
om o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/ y5,
702
5,28
85,
750
7,02
210
,252
10,9
6111
,670
(56)
Exp
endi
ture
for o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/ y4,
328
5,20
85,
694
6,23
26,
828
7,37
48,
341
(62)
Rev
enue
,000
NR
/ y6,
809
20,4
005,
750
7,02
210
,252
10,9
6111
,670
(63)
Exp
endi
ture
,000
NR
/ y5,
100
20,3
195,
694
6,23
26,
828
7,37
48,
341
(64)
Cas
h ba
lanc
e,0
00 N
R/ y
1,70
980
5679
03,
423
3,58
63,
329
Bas
ical
ly u
se th
is b
ut m
odify
Mon
itorin
g Te
chni
cal
from
:JUL
1st,
2011
to: J
UN
30t
h, 2
012
A: M
onito
ring
Shee
tun
itTa
rget
JUL
AU
GSE
PO
CT
NO
VD
ECJA
NFE
BM
AR
APR
MA
YJU
NTo
tal
Ave
rage
T(1
) Tec
hnic
alT0
11)
Pop
ulat
ion
21,6
38-
--
--
--
--
--
-21
,638
-T0
22)
Ser
vice
cov
erag
e ra
tio%
70%
--
--
--
--
--
--
75%
-T0
33)
Pop
ulat
ion
Serv
ed15
,120
--
--
--
--
--
--
16,2
18-
T04
4) W
ater
dem
and
litte
r/day
/cap
ita65
--
--
--
--
--
--
57-
T05
5) P
rodu
ctio
n V
olum
ecu
bic
met
ers/
day
3,10
03,
600
3,60
03,
600
3,60
01,
008
1,00
81,
008
1,00
81,
008
1,00
83,
600
3,60
027
,648
2,30
4T0
6
- Spr
ing/
surf
ace
cubi
c m
eter
s/da
y3,
100
3,60
03,
600
3,60
03,
600
1,00
81,
008
1,00
81,
008
1,00
81,
008
3,60
03,
600
27,6
482,
304
T07
- B
oreh
ole
cubi
c m
eter
s/da
y0
0T0
86)
Acc
ount
ed w
ater
cubi
c m
eter
s/da
y2,
728
2,59
22,
592
2,59
22,
592
726
726
726
726
726
726
2,59
22,
592
19,9
071,
659
T09
7) U
FW%
12%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
28%
T10
8) W
ater
qua
lity
test
T1
1 -
Bac
terio
logi
cal t
est
%10
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%T1
2
- Sa
mpl
e ta
ken
00
T13
-
Sam
ple
mee
t with
sta
ndar
d0
0T1
4 -
Chl
orin
atio
n te
st%
100%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
T15
-
Sam
ple
take
n0
0T1
6
- Sa
mpl
e m
eet w
ith s
tand
ard
00
T17
9) S
ervi
ce h
ours
hour
s/da
y24
2424
2424
2424
2424
2424
2424
288
24T1
810
) Lea
kage
repa
ir%
100%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
T19
- L
eaka
ge0
0T2
0
- Lea
kage
repa
ired
00
Gap
:-W
ater
con
sum
ptio
n pe
r day
per
cap
ita: t
arge
t is 6
5 bu
t act
ual
may
be
57-P
rodu
ctio
n: ta
rget
is 3
,100
but
act
ual m
ay b
e 2,
300
-UFW
: tar
get i
s 12%
but
act
ual m
ay b
e 28
%
C(2
) Com
mer
cial
Targ
etJU
LA
UG
SEP
OC
TN
OV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MA
RA
PRM
AY
JUN
Tota
lA
vera
geC
011)
Ave
rage
mem
ber o
f hou
seho
ld6
--
--
--
--
--
--
6-
C02
2) B
illed
wat
ercu
bic
met
ers/
day
2,63
52,
088
2,08
82,
088
2,08
858
558
558
558
558
558
52,
088
2,08
816
,036
1,33
6C
033)
NR
W%
15%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
C04
4) A
vera
ge c
onsu
mpt
ion
per c
onne
ctio
ncu
bic
met
ers/
mon
th12
2827
2727
77
77
77
2423
178
15C
055)
Num
ber o
f Con
nect
ion
2,52
02,
247
2,28
52,
323
2,36
12,
399
2,43
72,
475
2,51
32,
551
2,58
92,
627
2,70
32,
703
2,70
3C
06
- Dom
estic
2,52
02,
247
2,28
52,
323
2,36
12,
399
2,43
72,
475
2,51
32,
551
2,58
92,
627
2,70
32,
703
2,70
3C
07
- Oth
ers
00
C08
6) N
ew c
onne
ctio
n0
0C
097)
Disc
onne
ctio
n0
0C
108)
Billi
ng a
mou
nt,0
00 R
4,17
36,
671
6,67
155
6C
119)
Col
lect
ion
amou
nt,0
00 R
4,13
15,
337
5,33
744
5C
1210
) Col
lect
ion
Effic
ienc
y%
99%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%80
%80
%80
%C
1311
) Wat
er R
ate
C14
- M
inim
um c
harg
e (u
p to
10
cu.m
.)R
9090
90-
C15
- C
omm
odity
cha
rge
(up
to 2
0 cu
.m.)
R12
1212
-C
1612
) Cus
tom
er c
ompl
aint
s C
17 -
Ave
rage
resp
onse
tim
ew
orki
ng d
ays
20
0C
18 -
Num
ber o
f com
plai
nts
-0
0C
19 -
Num
ber o
f com
plai
nts
resp
onse
in 2
wor
king
day
s-
00
C20
- R
espo
nse
ratio
%10
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%0%
0%C
2113
) Cus
tom
er s
urve
yed
C22
- Q
uest
ionn
aire
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
C23
- E
ffec
tive
Rep
lay
--
--
--
--
--
--
-C
24 -
Cus
tom
er s
atisf
actio
n%
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
Mon
itorin
g co
mm
erci
al
Gap
:-N
RW
: tar
get i
s 15%
but
act
ual i
s 42%
-Col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y: ta
rget
is 9
9% b
ut a
ctua
l is 8
0%
Mon
itorin
g A
dmin
istra
tion
A(3
) Adm
inist
rativ
eTa
rget
Act
ual
A01
1) N
umbe
r of s
taff
2322
A02
2) L
abor
Eff
icie
ncy
conn
ectio
ns/s
taff
110
123
Mon
itorin
g Fi
nanc
ial
F(4
) Fin
anci
alTa
rget
Act
ual
F01
1) In
com
e St
atem
ent
F02
A) O
pera
tiona
l Inc
ome
,000
R5,
288
10,6
74F0
3 -
Sal
es o
f wat
er a
nd s
ervi
ces
,000
R4,
131
5,33
7F0
4 -
Oth
er n
on c
ore
reve
nue
,000
R1,
157
1,52
2F0
5B
) Ope
ratio
nal E
xpen
se,0
00 R
5,20
86,
956
F06
-
Pers
onne
l,0
00 R
1,84
12,
958
F07
-
Pow
er a
nd fu
el fo
r pum
ping
,000
R78
332
4F0
8
- C
hem
ical
for p
urifi
catio
n,0
00 R
918
F09
-
Spar
e pa
rts/re
pair/
mai
nten
ance
,000
R1,
932
1,47
2F1
0
- O
ffic
e m
anag
emen
t,0
00 R
642
2,18
4F1
1
- O
ther
s (e
xclu
ding
dep
reci
atio
n),0
00 R
00
F12
-
Dep
reci
atio
n ,0
00 R
-F1
3
- O
ther
s
,000
R-
F14
C) O
pera
tiona
l Pro
fit/lo
ss,0
00 R
-3,
718
F15
D) N
on O
pera
tiona
l rev
enue
,000
R15
,111
954
F16
- G
rant
/Sub
sidiar
y/D
onat
ion,0
00 R
15,1
1195
4F1
7 -
Fin
anci
al re
venu
e,0
00 R
00
F18
E) N
on O
pera
tiona
l exe
nses
,000
R15
,111
1,40
5F1
9 -
Cap
ital I
nves
tmen
t,0
00 R
15,1
111,
405
F20
- F
inan
cial
and
oth
er c
ost
,000
R0
0F2
1F)
Pro
fit b
efor
e Ta
x,0
00 R
-3,
267
F22
2) B
alanc
e Sh
eet
F23
A) A
sset
,000
R-
434,
379
F24
- C
urre
nt a
sset
,000
R-
2,70
6F2
5 -
Fix
ed a
sset
,000
R-
431,
673
F26
- O
ther
s,0
00 R
-0
F27
B) L
iabi
lity
,000
R-
0F2
8
- Cur
rent
liab
ility
,000
R-
0F2
9
- Lon
g te
rm li
abilit
y,0
00 R
-0
F30
C) C
apita
l and
R&
E,0
00 R
-43
1,67
3F3
1
- Cap
ital
,000
R-
434,
255
F32
- R
etai
n an
d Ea
rning
,000
R-
-2,5
82F3
33)
Cas
h Fl
owF3
4A
) Rev
enue
,000
R20
,400
7,81
3F3
5B
) Disb
urse
men
t,0
00 R
20,3
198,
361
F36
C) C
ash
bala
nce
,000
R80
-548
F37
D) E
nd c
ash
balan
ce,0
00 R
2,53
72,
138
F38
4) U
nit c
ost
R/c
ubic
met
er5
8
Gap
:-M
ay b
e ne
gativ
e ca
sh b
alan
ce
Fina
ncia
l sim
ulat
ion
(tech
nica
l)A
: Eng
inee
ring
plan
unit
2011
Bas
elin
e20
1320
1420
1520
1620
17(1
) Pop
ulat
ion
40,0
0040
,840
41,6
9842
,573
43,4
6744
,380
45,3
12(2
) Pop
ulat
ion
grow
th%
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
(3) C
over
age
ratio
%50
%53
%55
%57
%59
%61
%62
%(4
) Pop
ulat
ion
serv
ed20
,000
21,6
3822
,958
24,2
7825
,598
26,9
1828
,238
(5) C
onsu
mpt
ion/
capi
ta/d
aylit
ter
6565
6565
9090
90(6
) Wat
er D
eman
dcm
/day
1,30
01,
406
1,49
21,
578
2,30
42,
423
2,54
1
(7) I
ntak
e W
ater
Vol
ume
cm/d
ay2,
500
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
(8) P
rodu
ctio
n V
olum
ecm
/day
2,50
02,
304
3,10
03,
100
3,10
03,
100
3,10
0(9
) UFW
%12
%28
%28
%28
%28
%28
%28
%(1
0) A
ccou
ntin
g w
ater
cm/d
ay2,
200
1,65
92,
232
2,23
22,
232
2,23
22,
232
(11)
NR
W%
15%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
42%
(12)
Pos
sible
reve
nue
wat
ercm
/day
2,12
51,
336
1,79
81,
798
1,79
81,
798
1,79
8
(13)
Fac
ility
impr
ovem
ent (
*1)
,000
RP
13,9
92(1
4) P
reve
ntin
g m
aint
enan
ce (*
1),0
00 R
P(1
5) s
ub to
tal o
f cap
ital i
nves
tmen
t (*1
),0
00 R
P0
13,9
920
00
00
(16)
Infla
ted
capi
tal i
nves
tmen
t,0
00 R
P15
,111
00
00
0(1
7) In
flatio
n ra
te%
8%8%
8%8%
8%8%
8%(1
8) In
dica
tor f
or in
flatio
n0
12
34
56
(19)
Incr
ease
s of
pow
er c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/ ydum
my
140
(20)
Infla
ted
(19)
,000
NR
/ ydum
my
152
(21)
Pow
er a
nd fu
els
for p
umpi
ng,0
00 N
R/y
585
324
350
378
408
441
476
(22)
Incr
ease
s of
che
mic
al c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/ ydum
my
2(2
3) In
flate
d (2
2),0
00 N
R/ yd
umm
y2
(24)
Che
mic
al fo
r pro
duct
ion
,000
NR
/y7
1819
2123
2426
(25)
Incr
ease
s of
spa
re p
arts
, rep
air,
mai
n,00
0 N
R/yd
umm
y29
8(2
6) In
flate
d (2
5),0
00 N
R/yd
umm
y32
2(2
6) S
pare
par
ts, r
epai
r and
mai
nten
ance
,000
NR
/ y1,
491
1,47
21,
590
1,71
71,
854
2,00
32,
163
(27)
O&
M c
ost e
xclu
ding
sal
arie
s an
d ad
m,000
NR
/y2,
083
1,81
41,
959
2,11
62,
285
2,46
82,
665
(*1)
pric
e of
yea
r 201
1N
otes
: Fisc
al y
ear s
how
s ye
ar e
nd, e
.g. J
uly
2008
-Jun
e 20
09 s
how
s 20
09
Fina
ncia
l sim
ulat
ion
(tech
nica
l)
Cap
acity
may
not
mee
t with
dem
and
Wat
er sh
orta
ge m
ay in
201
5
B: C
usto
mer
ser
vice
pla
nun
it20
11B
asel
ine
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
(28)
Num
ber o
f add
ition
al c
onne
ctio
ndu
mm
y45
637
220
220
220
220
(29)
Num
ber o
f act
ive
conn
ectio
n2,
247
2,70
32,
740
2,96
03,
180
3,40
03,
620
(30)
Ave
rage
fam
ily s
izepe
rson
/fa6
66
66
66
(31)
Avr
. con
sum
ptio
n pe
r co
nnec
tionc
m/m
ont
1212
1212
1616
16(3
2) C
onfir
mat
ion
of (3
1) w
ith (5
)cm
/mon
t h11
.711
.711
.711
.716
.216
.216
.2(3
3) M
inim
um c
harg
e vo
lum
ecm
/mon
t h8
88
88
88
(34)
Wat
er r
ate
(min
imum
cha
rge)
NR
8090
9010
010
010
010
0(3
5) W
ater
rat
e (c
omm
odity
cha
rge
9-N
R12
1212
1414
1414
(35)
Wat
er r
ate
(com
mod
ity c
harg
e 16
NR
15(3
6) C
olle
ctio
n ef
ficie
ncy
%99
%80
%80
%80
%80
%80
%80
%(3
7) E
xpec
ted
mon
thly
reve
nue
from
sal
e s,0
00 N
R/m
285
298
302
369
539
577
614
(38)
Exp
ecte
d an
nual
reve
nue
from
sal
es ,
000
NR
/y4,
685
4,33
73,
630
4,43
36,
472
6,92
07,
367
C: A
dmin
istra
tive
plan
unit
2011
Bas
elin
e20
1320
1420
1520
1620
17(3
9) In
crea
ses
of s
taff
(40)
Num
ber o
f sta
ff23
2222
2222
2222
(41)
Incr
easin
g sa
larie
sN
R/s
taff
00
00
00
(42)
Infla
ted
(41)
,000
NR
/ydum
my
00
00
00
(43)
Sal
arie
s an
d w
ages
,000
NR
/y1,
705
2,95
83,
195
3,45
03,
726
4,02
44,
346
(44)
Incr
ease
s ad
mi c
ost (
*1)
,000
NR
/yea
r54
218
259
308
1,18
6(4
5) In
flate
d (4
4),0
00 N
R/yd
umm
y58
236
280
333
01,
281
(46)
Adm
inist
rativ
e co
st,0
00 N
R/ y
540
2,18
42,
595
3,08
23,
662
3,95
55,
553
(47)
sub
tota
l of s
alar
ies
and
adm
i cos
t,0
00 N
R/ y
2,24
55,
142
5,78
96,
533
7,38
87,
979
9,89
9
Fina
ncia
l sim
ulat
ion
(com
mer
cial
and
adm
inis
trativ
e)
D: F
inan
cial
pla
nun
it20
11B
asel
ine
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
(48)
Rev
enue
from
sal
es o
f wat
er,0
00 N
R/ y
4,68
55,
337
3,63
04,
433
6,47
26,
920
7,36
7(4
9) R
even
ue fr
om o
ther
s,0
00 N
R/y
1,01
71,
522
1,01
61,
241
1,81
21,
938
2,06
3(5
0) R
even
ue fr
om o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/y5,
702
6,85
94,
646
5,67
48,
284
8,85
79,
430
(51)
Sal
arie
s,0
00 N
R/y
1,70
52,
958
3,19
53,
450
3,72
64,
024
4,34
6(5
2) P
ower
,000
NR
/ y58
532
435
037
840
844
147
6(5
3) C
hem
ical
s,0
00 N
R/y
718
1921
2324
26(5
4) S
pare
par
ts, m
aint
enan
ce a
nd re
pair
,000
NR
/ y1,
491
1,47
21,
590
1,71
71,
854
2,00
32,
163
(55)
Oth
er O
&M
and
adm
inist
ratio
n,0
00 N
R/y
540
2,18
42,
595
3,08
23,
662
3,95
55,
553
(56)
Exp
endi
ture
for o
pera
tiona
l act
ivity
,000
NR
/y4,
328
6,95
67,
748
8,64
89,
673
10,4
4712
,564
(57)
Cas
h ba
lanc
e of
ope
ratio
nal a
ctiv
ities
,000
NR
/y1,
374
-97
-3,1
02-2
,974
-1,3
89-1
,590
-3,1
34
(58)
Rev
enue
for c
apita
l inv
estm
ent
,000
NR
/ y94
415
,111
00
00
0(5
9) C
apita
l exp
endi
ture
,000
NR
/y77
215
,111
00
00
0(6
0) R
even
ue fr
om fi
nanc
ial a
ctiv
ity,0
00 N
R/y
163
(61)
Fin
anci
al c
ost
,000
NR
/yea
r(6
2) R
even
ue,0
00 N
R/y
6,80
921
,970
4,64
65,
674
8,28
48,
857
9,43
0(6
3) E
xpen
ditu
re,0
00 N
R/ y
5,10
022
,067
7,74
88,
648
9,67
310
,447
12,5
64(6
4) C
ash
bala
nce
,000
NR
1,70
9-9
7-3
,102
-2,9
74-1
,389
-1,5
90-3
,134
(65)
End
bal
ance
,000
NR
2,45
72,
138
-964
-3,9
38-5
,327
-6,9
17-1
0,05
1
Issu
e: m
ay b
e ne
gativ
e ca
sh b
alan
ce m
ay k
eep
onSo
lutio
n: in
crea
se m
ore
wat
er ta
riff
impr
ovin
g co
llect
ion
effic
ienc
yim
prov
ing
NR
W
Fina
ncia
l sim
ulat
ion
(fin
anci
al)
Eval
uatio
n
from
:JUL
1st,
2011
to: J
UN
30t
h, 2
012
Eval
uatio
n Sh
eet
(1) C
usto
mer
ser
vice
unit
Targ
etR
esul
t1)
Wat
er Q
ualit
yE1
1 -
Bac
terio
logi
cal t
est
%10
0%na
E12
- C
hlor
inat
ion
test
%10
0%na
E13
2) S
ervi
ce c
over
age
ratio
%70
%75
%E1
33)
con
sum
ptio
nlit
ter/d
ay/c
apita
6557
E14
4) S
ervi
ce h
ours
hour
s/da
y24
24E1
55)
Uni
t pric
e/m
inim
um c
harg
e%
51%
0%E1
66)
Com
plai
nts
resp
onse
ratio
%10
0%na
E19
Eval
uatio
n: L
ots
of s
pace
for i
mpr
ovin
g cu
stm
er s
ervi
ces
- Nee
d to
impr
ovin
g w
ater
qua
lity
test
- Also
con
sum
ptio
n pe
r day
per
cap
ita is
less
than
nat
iona
l sta
ndar
d
(2) C
apab
ility
unit
Targ
etR
esul
tE2
11)
Wat
er d
eman
dcu
bic
met
ers/
day
983
922
E22
2) P
rodu
ctio
n vo
lum
ecu
bic
met
ers/
day
3,10
02,
304
E23
3) A
ccou
nted
wat
ercu
bic
met
ers/
day
2,72
81,
659
E24
4) B
illed
Wat
ercu
bic
met
ers/
day
2,63
51,
336
E25
5) G
ap w
ith w
ater
dem
and
%2,
117
1,38
2E2
9Ev
alua
tion:
lots
of s
pace
for i
mpr
ovin
g, s
peci
ally
for d
ry s
easo
n- C
apac
ity is
less
than
targ
et a
nd n
eed
to im
prov
ing
Eval
uatio
n(3
) Man
agem
ent e
ffic
ienc
yun
itTa
rget
Res
ult
*E3
11)
UFW
%12
%28
%E3
22)
NR
W%
15%
42%
E33
3) C
olle
ctio
n Ef
ficie
ncy
%99
%80
%E3
44)
Lab
or e
ffic
ienc
yco
nnec
tions
/sta
ff11
012
310
0E3
9Ev
alua
tion:
lots
of s
pace
for i
mpr
ovin
g- N
RW
is to
o hi
gh a
s w
ell a
s co
lletio
n ef
ficie
ncy
is to
o lo
w
(4) F
inan
cial
sou
ndne
ssun
itTa
rget
Res
ult
*E4
11)
Rev
enue
(cas
h),0
00 R
20,4
007,
813
4,13
1E4
22)
Exp
endi
ture
(cas
h),0
00 R
20,3
198,
361
5,20
8E4
33)
Pro
fit/lo
ss (c
ash
base
),0
00 R
80-5
48E4
44)
Pro
fitab
ility
(cas
h ba
se)
%0.
4%-7
.0%
E45
5) P
rofit
abilit
y (in
com
e st
atem
ent b
ase)
%-
28%
E46
5) O
pera
ting
ratio
%-
65%
E47
6) C
urre
nt ra
tio%
-0%
E49
Eval
uatio
n: n
eed
to im
prov
e an
d sh
iftin
g to
pos
itive
cas
h ba
lanc
eH
owev
er e
ffor
t for
incr
esin
g re
vene
u an
d re
duce
exp
endi
ture
may
sig
nific
ant
* ex
clud
ing
capi
tal i
nves
tmen
t on
orig
inal
pla
n
(5) E
valu
atio
n an
d re
com
men
datio
n:W
USC
may
nee
d to
impr
ovin
g an
d m
ay n
eed
com
preh
ensiv
e ap
proa
ch
Bib
liogr
aphy
Eng.
Tam
ang,
J. “
Con
cept
and
obj
ectiv
e of
Bus
ines
s Pla
n”, M
arch
201
3(H
er w
orks
hop
mat
eria
l)JI
CA
Pro
ject
Tea
m, “
Bas
ic K
now
ledg
e fo
r Man
agem
ent A
dvis
ory”
, Feb
ruar
y 20
13(w
orks
hop
mat
eria
l use
for w
orks
hop
of M
AT,
Feb
ruar
y 20
13)
JIC
A P
roje
ct T
eam
, “B
usin
ess P
lann
ing
(2)”
,Feb
ruar
y 20
11(w
orks
hop
mat
eria
l use
for j
oint
wor
ksho
p, M
ay 2
011)
JIC
A P
roje
ct T
eam
, “D
raft
Gui
delin
e fo
r WU
SC m
anag
emen
t mod
el a
nd S
uppo
rt M
odel
”, A
ugus
t 201
2(A
ttach
men
t inc
ludi
ng o
rigin
al d
raft
busi
ness
pla
n of
Dhu
laba
ri W
USC
)JI
CA
Pro
ject
Tea
m, “
Dra
ft In
trodu
ctor
y of
Bus
ines
s Pla
nnin
g”, F
ebru
ary
2013
(Inc
ludi
ng e
quat
ion
of c
alcu
late
seve
ral p
roje
ctio
n in
clud
ing
popu
latio
n,
popu
latio
n se
rved
, wat
er d
eman
d, re
venu
e fr
om sa
les o
f wat
er a
ndca
sh fl
ow
proj
ectio
n)K
apla
n, R
. S. a
nd N
orto
n, D
. P.,
“Bal
ance
d Sc
orec
ard:
Tra
nsla
ting
Stra
tegy
into
A
ctio
n”, H
arva
rd B
usin
ess S
choo
l Pre
ss, 1
996
-Q&
A-C
omm
ents
-Dis
cuss
ion
-Arg
umen
t/dis
agre
emen
t
Than
k yo
u ve
ry m
uch
Mon
thly
Dat
a Sh
eet (
1)
Febr
uary
201
1
Age
nda
1.O
bjec
tive
2.St
ruct
ure
3.D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.Q
&A
5.D
iscu
ssio
n
1.O
bjec
tive
2.St
ruct
ure
3.D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.Q
&A
5.D
iscu
ssio
n
1. O
bjec
tive
-Mon
itorin
g m
anag
emen
t per
form
ance
-Mon
itorin
g pr
ogre
ss o
f im
prov
emen
t
Proc
ess o
f pre
pare
MD
S: m
onth
ly d
ata
shee
t is v
ery
sim
ple
1) C
olle
ct n
eces
sary
info
rmat
ion
in d
aily
rout
ine
wor
k
2) C
ompi
le a
nd m
ake
MD
S re
port
mon
thly
3) M
onito
ring
perf
orm
ance
on
the
MD
S
Wat
er d
eman
d
Oth
er u
ser s
ervi
ce d
eman
d
finan
cial
dem
and
Req
uire
men
ts:
(1) q
ualit
y of
wat
er-s
afe/
not s
urel
y sa
fe(2
) wat
er su
pply
cap
acity
-sho
rtage
/exc
ess
(3) w
ater
supp
ly v
olum
e-s
horta
ge/a
ffor
dabl
e
-con
tam
inat
ion
-lea
kage
and
leak
age
repa
ir/pr
even
tion
-fac
ility
mai
nten
ance
(1)
conn
ectio
n se
rvic
e(2
)on
tim
e bi
lling
(3)
repl
ay to
com
plai
nts
Man
agem
ent e
ffic
ienc
y de
man
d
(1)
Man
agem
ent e
ffic
ienc
y-N
RW
-con
nect
ion/
staf
f-w
ater
bill
col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y(1
) fin
anci
al sa
fety
(2) f
inan
cial
stab
ility
(3) f
inan
cial
sust
aina
bilit
y(4
) fin
anci
al e
ffic
ienc
y
-slo
w/d
elay
of r
epla
y
-low
eff
icie
ncy
-low
col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y le
ads t
o ca
sh sh
orta
ge/d
efic
it
-cas
h sh
orta
ge/d
efic
it-c
once
rns f
or fu
ture
an
d su
stai
nabi
lity
Cus
tom
er S
ervi
ces
-qua
lity
of w
ater
-c
over
age
(Ser
vice
pop
ulat
ion)
-ser
vice
hou
rs
(ave
rage
mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n vo
lum
e)
-min
imum
cha
rge/
unit
pric
e-c
ompl
aint
repl
ayet
c.Fi
nanc
ial p
erfo
rman
ce-o
pera
tion
ratio
/reve
nue
and
expe
nditu
re-p
rofit
abili
ty/c
ash
bala
nce
-cur
rent
ratio
-deb
t rat
io/lo
an a
nd a
mor
tizat
ion
etc.
Ope
ratio
n an
d M
aint
enan
ce-p
rodu
ctio
n vo
lum
e-w
ater
dem
and
vs. s
uppl
y-l
eaka
ge p
reve
ntin
g/re
pair
etc.
Eff
icie
ncy
-NR
W-b
illin
g co
llect
ion
ratio
-con
nect
ion/
staf
fet
c.A
ctiv
ities
of W
USC
How
goo
d W
USC
pro
vide
serv
ices
to
user
s, or
how
goo
d W
USC
ach
ieve
th
e m
issio
n an
d ob
ject
ives
Coul
d su
stain
fina
ncia
lind
epen
denc
yan
d be
ar fu
ture
fina
ncia
l dem
and
while
impr
ovin
g cu
stom
er se
rvic
es
How
pro
perl
y W
USC
ope
rate
wat
er
supp
ly sy
stem
for a
chie
ve th
e re
quir
emen
t of c
usto
mer
serv
ices
How
effi
cien
tly W
USC
ope
rate
wat
er
supp
ly sy
stem
Mon
itorin
g pe
rfor
man
ce in
dica
tors
Sam
ple
of P
erfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rs
1.O
bjec
tive
2.St
ruct
ure
3.D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.Q
&A
5.D
iscu
ssio
n
2. S
truct
ure
Eng
inee
ring
(Ope
ratio
n an
d M
aint
enan
ce)
Proj
ects
and
oth
ers
Mon
thly
Sum
mar
y
Cus
tom
er S
ervi
ces
Hum
an R
esou
rces
M
anag
emen
tA
ccou
ntin
g
-Int
ake
wat
er v
olum
e pe
r wel
l
-Int
ake
wat
er v
olum
e
-Pro
duct
ion
volu
me
-Dis
tribu
tion
volu
me
-Lab
orat
ory
test
-New
Con
nect
ion
-Dis
conn
ectio
n
-Lea
kage
and
repa
ir
-Pro
ject
list
-Pro
ject
pro
gres
s
-Com
plet
ed a
nd re
sults
-On
plan
ning
and
-Spe
cial
eve
nts,
occa
sion
in th
is m
onth
an
d on
pla
nnin
g ne
ar
futu
re su
ch a
s pub
lic
hygi
ene
mee
ting
at th
e pr
imar
y sc
hool
-Dis
tribu
tion
wat
er
volu
me
on th
is m
onth
(a
ccum
ulat
ion
of
met
er re
adin
g) a
nd o
n bi
lling
vol
ume
-Non
Rev
enue
Wat
er
-Num
ber o
f com
plai
ns
-Num
ber o
f com
plai
ns
solv
ed in
this
mon
th
-Num
ber o
f com
plai
nts
not s
olve
d m
ore
than
on
e m
onth
-Pub
lic h
ygie
ne
mee
ting
-Bill
ing
amou
nt
-Col
lect
ion
amou
nt
-Out
stan
ding
am
ount
-Acc
ount
rece
ivab
le
-Pay
men
t in
this
mon
th
-Acc
ount
pay
able
-Inc
ome
and
loss
of
this
mon
th
-Num
ber o
f sta
ff
-Rec
ruit
-Ret
ired
-Num
ber
of h
ouse
co
nnec
tions
per
staf
f
-Num
ber o
f cus
tom
er
per s
taff
-Tra
inin
g
(1) D
ata
and
info
rmat
ion
on M
DS
Dai
ly re
port
of in
take
w
ater
vol
ume
Dai
ly re
port
of p
rodu
ctio
n w
ater
vol
ume
Dai
ly re
port
of in
take
w
ater
vol
ume
per w
ell
Dai
ly re
port
of d
istri
butio
n w
ater
vol
ume
Dai
ly re
port
of le
akag
e an
d re
pair
Dai
ly re
port
of n
ew h
ouse
co
nnec
tion
and
disc
onne
ctio
n
Mon
thly
repo
rt of
di
strib
utio
n w
ater
vol
ume
MD
S
Mon
thly
repo
rt of
leak
age
and
repa
ir
Mon
thly
repo
rt of
new
ho
use
conn
ectio
n an
d di
scon
nect
ion
Dai
ly re
port
of m
eter
re
adin
g, b
illin
g an
d co
llect
ion
Dai
ly re
port
of C
usto
mer
C
ompl
ain
and
solv
ed
Mon
thly
repo
rt of
C
usto
mer
Com
plai
n an
d so
lved
Mon
thly
repo
rt of
bill
ing
and
colle
ctio
n
Mon
thly
fina
ncia
l rep
ort
Mon
thly
HR
M re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Dai
ly re
port
Mon
thly
repo
rt
Mon
thly
repo
rtM
onth
ly re
port
Mon
thly
repo
rt
Dai
ly re
port
Mon
thly
repo
rtM
onth
ly re
port
Mon
thly
repo
rt
2. S
truct
ure
(2) D
ata
colle
ctio
n pr
oces
s
Dai
ly R
epor
t fro
m
Cus
tom
er S
ervi
ces
MD
S
MD
S
Dai
ly re
port
from
En
gine
erin
g D
epar
tmen
t
Mon
thly
Rep
ort f
rom
H
RM
and
oth
ers
Mon
thly
Rep
ort f
rom
A
ccou
ntin
g
If n
eces
sary
com
pile
as
dai
ly M
DS
repo
rt an
d de
liver
to p
erso
n w
ho n
eed
that
Mon
thly
repo
rt fr
om
Engi
neer
ing
Dep
artm
ent
Mon
thly
Rep
ort f
rom
C
usto
mer
Ser
vice
s
Com
pile
as m
onth
ly
MD
S re
port
and
deliv
er to
per
son
who
ne
ed th
at
2. S
truct
ure
(2) D
ata
colle
ctio
n pr
oces
s
Ann
ual r
epor
t
Sum
mar
y-E
ngin
eerin
g-C
usto
mer
Ser
vice
s-A
ccou
ntin
g-H
RM
-oth
ers
Engi
neer
ing
Proj
ect a
nd o
ther
s
HR
M
Acc
ount
ing
Cus
tom
er S
ervi
ces
SUM
MA
RY
DET
AIL
2. S
truct
ure
(3) S
umm
ariz
e
Sam
e m
onth
of l
ast y
ear
in th
is m
onth
Acc
umul
atio
n of
last
yea
rA
ccum
ulat
ion
of th
is y
ear
CO
MPA
RIS
ON
Last
mon
th
RA
TIO
Sam
e m
onth
of l
ast y
ear
in th
is m
onth
Last
mon
th
AV
ERA
GE
wee
k
mon
th
day
Incr
ease
/dec
reas
e an
d w
hy?
2. S
truct
ure
(4) A
naly
sis
2. S
truct
ure
(5) R
epor
t stru
ctur
e
1)C
usto
mer
serv
ice
info
rmat
ion
2)B
illin
g an
d co
llect
ion
info
rmat
ion
3)Fi
nanc
ial i
nfor
mat
ion
4)H
RM
info
rmat
ion
5)O
ther
s
1.O
bjec
tive
2.St
ruct
ure
3.D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.Q
&A
5.D
iscu
ssio
n
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
Cas
e of
Wat
er D
istri
ct in
Phi
lippi
nes
-Wat
er D
istri
ct is
a so
rt of
wat
er a
utho
rity,
or w
ater
supp
ly p
ublic
co
mpa
ny a
ims n
on p
rofit
org
aniz
atio
n bu
t man
age
finan
cial
ly a
nd
polit
ical
ly in
depe
nden
t, an
d pr
ovid
e ut
ility
serv
ice
to p
eopl
e of
ju
risdi
ctio
n-W
D re
ques
ted
to p
repa
re b
usin
ess p
lan,
arr
ange
fina
ncia
l res
ourc
es,
and
impr
ovin
g w
ater
supp
ly fa
cilit
y fo
r res
pons
e to
wat
er d
eman
dof
thei
r jur
isdi
ctio
n-W
D c
ould
dec
ide
wat
er ra
te, b
ut re
ques
ted
to g
et a
ppro
val f
rom
LW
UA
: Loc
al W
ater
Util
ity A
ssoc
iatio
n, c
entra
l gov
ernm
ent
agen
cy fo
r sup
ervi
sing
rura
l wat
er su
pply
pol
icy,
bec
ause
WD
has
resp
onsi
bilit
y to
mai
ntai
ning
ope
ratio
nal a
nd fi
nanc
ial s
ound
ness
-LW
UA
requ
ests
to w
ater
rate
of W
D fo
r ful
l cos
t rec
over
y as
wel
l as
con
cern
s to
poor
peo
ple,
as w
ater
is b
asic
hum
an n
eed
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
-Int
erna
tiona
l don
or a
genc
y an
d lo
cal g
over
nmen
t som
etim
es
prov
ide
gran
t, su
bsid
iary
or l
ow in
tere
st ra
te lo
an-L
WU
A is
win
dow
s of a
ssis
tanc
e by
inte
rnat
iona
l don
or a
genc
ies
-LW
UA
pro
vide
s tec
hnic
al a
nd fi
nanc
ial a
ssis
tanc
e. T
heir
finan
cial
as
sist
ance
incl
udin
g gr
ant a
nd lo
w in
tere
st ra
te lo
an, a
s wel
l as
finan
cial
cap
acity
ass
essm
ent,
advi
se to
pre
pare
bus
ines
s pla
n an
d ot
her m
anag
emen
t adv
isor
y se
rvic
es.
-Gra
nt o
r loa
n fr
om L
WU
A w
ould
dis
burs
es to
ban
k ac
coun
t, an
d W
D c
an d
raw
from
that
ban
k ac
coun
t-W
D re
ques
ted
to h
ave
certa
in p
ortio
n of
dep
osit
for p
repa
re
disa
ster
, em
erge
ncy
and
acci
dent
(2%
of r
even
ue fr
om sa
les o
f w
ater
to b
ank
acco
unt,
if no
t fal
ls to
def
icit
and/
or n
egat
ive
cash
ba
lanc
e)
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
-WD
requ
est t
o pr
epar
e m
onth
ly d
ata
shee
t and
fina
ncia
l sta
tem
ents
, an
d su
bmit
to L
WU
A (m
onth
ly)
-LW
UA
kee
p m
onito
ring
and
supe
rvis
ing
base
d on
seve
ral a
naly
sis
incl
udin
g m
anag
emen
t eff
icie
ncy
of W
D m
eets
stan
dard
and
sem
i st
anda
rd, i
nclu
ding
NR
W, c
olle
ctio
n ef
ficie
ncy,
con
nect
ion
per
staf
f and
ope
ratio
n ra
tio. I
f WD
stag
nant
in la
w e
ffic
ienc
y, L
WU
A
will
pro
vide
man
agem
ent a
dvis
e fo
r im
prov
ing
man
agem
ent
soun
dnes
s.-L
WU
A w
ill p
rovi
de fi
nanc
ial a
ssis
tanc
e by
requ
est,
but b
asic
co
nditi
on a
re, k
eep
posi
tive
cash
bal
ance
for m
ore
than
two
fisca
l ye
ars,
and
man
agem
ent e
ffic
ienc
y m
eets
with
stan
dard
s.
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
-Rol
es o
f boa
rd o
f dire
ctor
s for
WD
are
diff
eren
t with
one
for
WU
SC. T
he a
re fo
cus o
n su
perv
isin
g of
ope
ratio
n, p
olic
y m
akin
g an
d po
licy
deci
sion
mak
ing,
but
not
touc
h m
anag
emen
t. M
anag
emen
t res
pons
ibili
ty is
fully
leav
es to
gen
eral
man
ager
.
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
1. S
ervi
ce c
onne
ctio
n da
ta1.
1 To
tal s
ervi
ce –
num
ber o
f con
nect
ed w
ater
fauc
et
1.2
Tota
l act
ive
–nu
mbe
r of f
auce
t pro
vide
wat
er w
ithin
(1.1
)
1.3
Tota
l met
ered
–nu
mbe
r of f
auce
t atta
ched
met
er w
ithin
(1.1
)
1.4
Tota
l bill
ed –
num
ber o
f fau
cet c
harg
es b
ill w
ithin
(1.2
)
1.5
Popu
latio
n se
rved
-for
mul
a is
(1.2
) * a
vera
ge fa
mily
mem
bers
1.6
Cha
nges
:1.
6a N
ew c
onne
ctio
n –
new
con
nect
ion
star
t to
supp
ly w
ater
1.6b
Rec
onne
cted
–fa
ucet
reco
nnec
ted
and
star
t ser
vice
1.6c
Dis
conn
ecte
d –
fauc
et d
isco
nnec
ted
and
stop
serv
ice
1.7
Cus
tom
er in
are
as:
num
ber
%
act
ive
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
2. P
rese
nt a
nd e
ffec
tive
wat
er ra
te
2.1
Min
imum
cha
rge
2.2
Com
mod
ity c
harg
e
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
3. B
illin
g an
d co
llect
ion
data
3.1
Bill
ing
(Wat
er S
ales
) *)
-B
ill fo
rwar
ded
from
pre
viou
s mon
th
a. c
urre
nt (m
eter
ed)
b. c
urre
nt (f
lat r
ate)
c. p
enal
ty c
harg
es
-to
tals
Not
e:
*) p
repa
re b
oth
this
mon
th a
nd y
ear-
to-d
ate
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
3. B
illin
g an
d co
llect
ion
data
3.2
Col
lect
ion
(Wat
er S
ales
) *)
a. c
urre
nt a
ccou
nt
b1. a
rrea
rs (c
urre
nt m
onth
)
b2. a
rrea
rs (p
revi
ous m
onth
)
c. a
rrea
rs (p
revi
ous y
ear)
-to
tals
Not
e:
*) p
repa
re b
oth
this
mon
th a
nd y
ear-
to-d
ate
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
3.3
on ti
me
paid
in th
is m
onth
3.4
year
-to-d
ate
colle
ctio
n ef
ficie
ncy
3.5
year
to d
ate
colle
ctio
n ra
tio
3.6
Acc
ount
Rec
eiva
ble
(beg
inni
ng)
Not
es:
-On
time
paid
ratio
shou
ld b
e m
ore
than
80%
(sta
ndar
d)
-Yea
r to
date
col
lect
ion
effic
ienc
y an
d ra
tio sh
ould
be
mor
e th
an 9
5% (s
tand
ard)
-for
mul
a:
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4. F
inan
cial
dat
a *)
4.1
Rev
enue
a. o
pera
ting
b. n
on-o
pera
ting
-tot
al4.
2 Ex
pens
esa.
sala
ries a
nd w
ages
b. p
umpi
ng c
ost (
fuel
, oil,
ele
ctric
ity)
c. c
hem
ical
s (tre
atm
ent)
d. o
ther
O&
M e
xpen
ses
e. d
epre
ciat
ion
f. fin
anci
al c
ost
g. o
ther
s-
tota
lsN
ote:
*) p
repa
re b
oth
this
mon
th a
nd y
ear-
to-d
ate
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.3
net i
ncom
e (lo
ss)
4.4
cash
flow
repo
rt **
)a.
rece
ipt
b. d
isbu
rsem
ent
c. n
et re
ceip
t (af
ter d
isbu
rsem
ent)
- for
mul
a is
a-b
d. c
ash
bala
nce,
beg
inni
nge.
cas
h ba
lanc
e, e
ndin
g
Not
e:*)
pre
pare
bot
h th
is m
onth
and
yea
r-to
-dat
e**
) Not
mea
ns a
ccou
nt sy
stem
can
cha
nge
to c
ash
base
d, b
ut m
anag
er a
nd a
ccou
ntan
t mus
t pa
y at
tent
ion
to c
ash
posi
tion.
The
se d
ata
are
avai
labl
e on
cas
hle
dger
.
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.5
mis
cella
neou
s fin
anci
al d
ata
a. L
oan
fund
s (to
tal)
1. c
ash
on h
and
2. c
ash
in b
ank
b. W
D fu
nds (
tota
l)1.
cas
h on
han
d2.
cas
h in
ban
k3.
inve
stm
ent
4. w
orki
ng fu
nd5.
rese
rves
c.
inve
ntor
ies
d. A
/R c
usto
mer
e. c
usto
mer
dep
osit
f. lo
an p
ayab
leg.
pay
able
to su
pplie
r and
oth
er c
redi
tors
h. to
tal d
ebt s
ervi
ce
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
5. W
ater
pro
duct
ion
data
5.1
Sour
ces o
f sup
ply
a. w
ells
(num
ber o
f wel
ls)
tota
l rat
e of
cap
acity
basi
s of d
ata
5.2
Wat
er p
rodu
ctio
n w
ith m
etho
d of
mea
sure
men
t *)
a. p
umpe
d (c
ubic
met
ers)
b. g
ravi
ty (c
ubic
met
ers)
c. to
tals
(cub
ic m
eter
s)
Not
e:*)
pre
pare
bot
h th
is m
onth
and
yea
r-to
-dat
e
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
5.3
Wat
er p
rodu
ctio
n co
sta.
tota
l pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
for p
umpi
ng (K
wh)
b. to
tal p
ower
cos
t for
pum
ping
(N. R
upee
)c.
oth
er e
nerg
y co
st fo
r pum
ping
(N. R
upee
)d.
tota
l pum
ping
hou
rs (m
otor
driv
e, h
rs.)
e. to
tal p
umpi
ng h
ours
(eng
ine
driv
e, h
rs.)
f. to
tal g
as c
hlor
ine
cons
umed
(kg.
)g.
tota
lpow
der c
hlor
ine
cons
umed
(kg.
)h.
tota
l chl
orin
e co
st (N
. Rup
ee)
i. to
tal c
ost o
f oth
er c
hem
ical
(N. R
upee
)
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
5.4
Acc
ount
ed w
ater
use
*)a.
met
ered
bill
ed (c
ubic
met
ers)
b. u
nmet
ered
bill
ed (c
ubic
met
ers)
c. o
ther
bill
ed (c
ubic
met
ers)
d. m
eter
ed u
nbill
ed (c
ubic
met
ers)
e. u
nmet
ered
unb
illed
(cub
ic m
eter
s)f.
tota
l acc
ount
ed (c
ubic
met
ers)
form
ula
is a
+dg.
tota
lpow
der c
hlor
ine
cons
umed
(kg.
)5.
4 W
ater
use
ass
essm
ent
a. a
vera
ge m
onth
ly c
onsu
mpt
ion/
conn
ectio
nb.
acc
ount
ed w
ater
(%)
form
ula
is (5
.4a+
5.4d
) / 5
.2c
c. re
venu
e pr
oduc
tion
wat
er (%
) **)
For
mul
a is
(5.4
a +5
.4b
+ 5.
4c) /
5.2
c
Not
e:*)
pre
pare
bot
h th
is m
onth
and
yea
r-to
-dat
e**
) Sta
ndar
d of
reve
nue
prod
uctio
n w
ater
shou
ld b
e m
ore
than
75%
, or N
RW
shou
ld b
e le
ss th
an 2
5%.
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
6. M
isce
llane
ous d
ata
6.1
Empl
oyee
sa.
tota
lre
gula
rco
ntra
ct (c
asua
l)b.
num
ber o
f con
nect
ion
per e
mpl
oyee
*)c.
ave
rage
mon
thly
sala
ries/
empl
oyee
(N. R
upee
)
6.2
Bac
terio
logi
cal
a. to
tal s
ampl
e ta
ken
b. n
umbe
r of s
ampl
es m
eetin
g st
anda
rds
c. n
umbe
r of d
ays f
ull c
hlor
inat
ion
Not
e: *
) sta
ndar
d is
80-
100
for l
ess t
han
500
conn
ectio
ns, 1
20 fo
r 600
-1,5
00 c
onne
ctio
ns,
150
for 1
,500
-2,0
00 c
onne
ctio
n, 1
80-2
00 fo
r mor
e th
an 2
,000
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nect
ions
, tho
ugh
depe
nds o
n sy
stem
, are
a co
vere
d an
d co
mpl
exity
of b
usin
ess a
nd a
ctiv
ity
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
6.2
Chl
orin
atio
na.
tota
l sam
ple
take
nb.
num
ber o
f sam
ples
mee
ting
stan
dard
sc.
num
ber o
f day
s ful
l chl
orin
atio
n6.
4B
oard
of d
irect
ors *
)a.
reso
lutio
n ap
prov
edb.
pol
icie
s pas
sed
c. d
irect
ors’
fee
paid
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upee
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mee
ting
(num
ber)
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eld
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gula
r3.
spec
ial
Not
e: p
repa
re b
oth
this
mon
th a
nd y
ear-
to-d
ate
3. D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
7. S
tatu
s of v
ario
us d
evel
opm
ent
7.1
finan
cial
arr
ange
men
t7.
2 re
paym
ent t
o lo
an
7.3
engi
neer
ing
arra
ngem
ent a
nd p
rogr
ess o
f con
stru
ctio
n
8. S
tatu
s of i
nstit
utio
nal d
evel
opm
ent
8.1
deve
lopm
ent p
rogr
ess
8.2
user
serv
ice
and
busi
ness
syst
ema.
com
pute
rizat
ion
of a
ccou
ntin
g sy
stem
b. c
ompu
teriz
atio
n of
bill
ing
and
colle
ctio
n sy
stem
c. m
anag
emen
t aud
itd.
PR
and
aw
aren
ess a
ctiv
itye.
mar
ketin
gf.
finan
cial
aud
itg.
oth
ers
1.O
bjec
tive
2.St
ruct
ure
3.D
ata
and
calc
ulat
ion
4.Q
&A
5.D
iscu
ssio
n
5. D
iscu
ssio
n
-Do
you
have
wili
ness
to in
trodu
ce M
DS
syst
em?
-Key
per
form
ance
indi
cato
r and
stan
dard
targ
etJA
NFE
BM
AR
APR
MA
YJU
N(1
) Use
r ser
vice
s 1
) Num
ber o
f act
ive
conn
ectio
n2,
000
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opul
atio
n se
rved
10,0
00 3
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vice
cov
erag
e (%
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4) W
ater
supp
ly se
rvic
e ho
urs (
hrs)
18 5
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ber o
f com
plai
nts a
ccep
ted
6) N
umbe
r of c
ompl
aint
s sol
ved
7) U
ser c
ompl
aint
solv
ing
ratio
(%)
95%
(2) W
ater
supp
ly 1
) Num
ber o
f sam
ple
test
2) N
umbe
r of s
ampl
e te
st m
eet q
ualit
y st
anda
rd 3
) Qua
lity
stan
dard
mee
t rat
io (%
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% 4
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duct
ion
volu
me
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.) 5
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enue
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er v
olum
e (c
.m.)
6) A
vera
ge c
onsu
mpt
io v
olum
e pe
r con
nect
ion
(c.m
./mon
th)
15 6
) Num
ber o
f lea
kage
repa
ir(3
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agem
ent e
ffic
ienc
y 1
) NR
W (%
)20
2) C
olle
ctio
n ef
ficie
ncy
(Y-T
-D) (
%)
95 3
) Con
nect
ions
per
staf
f15
0 4
) Ope
ratio
nal r
atio
(%)
200%
(4) F
inan
cial
per
form
ance
1) R
even
ue (,
000
R)
2) D
isbu
rsem
ent (
,000
R)
3) C
ash
bala
nce
(,000
R)
posi
tive
4) E
nd b
alan
ce (,
000
R)
(5) H
RM
1) N
umbe
r of s
taff
Func
tiona
l-K
now
ledg
e-E
xper
ienc
e-C
apab
ility
Men
tal
-Kno
wle
dge
-Exp
erie
nce
-Cap
abili
ty-A
ttitu
des f
or w
ork
Inst
itutio
nal
-Sys
tem
-Cap
abili
ty o
f man
agem
ent
Org
aniz
atio
nal C
apac
ity D
evel
opm
ent M
odel
Com
pute
rizat
ion
Man
agem
ent M
odel
of W
USC
(Fun
ctio
nal)
Mod
el o
f goo
d m
anag
emen
t
Tech
nica
l are
a-T
echn
ical
pla
nnin
g-I
ntak
e fa
cilit
y m
aint
enan
ce-P
urifi
catio
n fa
cilit
y m
aint
enan
ce-W
ater
qua
lity
man
agem
ent
-Tra
nsm
issi
on/d
istr
ibut
ion
faci
lity
mai
nten
ance
-Wat
er m
eter
mai
nten
ance
-Lea
kage
repa
ir-S
anita
tion
faci
lity
cons
truct
ion
and
mai
nten
ance
Non
Tec
hnic
al a
rea
-Bus
ines
s pla
nnin
g-O
pera
tion
-use
r ser
vice
s-m
arke
ting
-con
nect
ion/
disc
onne
ctio
n-w
ater
rate
setti
ng-B
illin
g an
d co
llect
ion
-Use
com
plai
nts m
anag
emen
t-P
ublic
hyg
iene
edu
catio
n pr
ogra
m-
Adm
inis
trativ
e w
orks
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M a
nd p
ayro
ll-H
RD
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cure
men
t and
stoc
k co
ntro
l-F
inan
cial
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hier
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b-B
ookk
eepi
ng-A
ccou
ntin
g an
d fin
anci
al re
porti
ng-B
udge
ting
and
budg
et c
ontro
l-A
dmin
istra
tion
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thly
repo
rting
-Ann
ual r
epor
ting
Man
agem
ent M
odel
of W
USC
(Men
tal)
-Lea
ders
hip
-Lea
ders
hip
-Mot
ivat
ing
staf
f-C
orpo
rate
com
mun
icat
ion
-Neg
otia
tion
tech
niqu
es-C
onfli
ct m
itiga
tion
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k M
anag
emen
t
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der
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iva
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pora
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egot
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onoooooooooooonooooooonooonoooooooofli
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k M
aMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Man
agem
ent M
odel
of W
USC
(Ins
titut
iona
l)
-Byl
aw-T
echn
ical
gui
delin
es a
nd m
anua
ls-D
esig
n pr
inci
ples
and
stan
dard
s-P
rocu
rem
ent a
nd b
iddi
ng p
rinci
ples
-Fac
ility
mai
nten
ance
and
ope
ratio
n m
anua
l-P
lan
-Tec
hnic
al im
prov
emen
t pla
n-R
ecor
d an
d jo
urna
ls, r
epor
ts-I
ntak
e da
ily re
port
-Pro
duct
ion
daily
repo
rt-D
istri
butio
n da
ily re
port
-Ope
ratio
n da
ily re
port
-Tec
hnic
al m
onth
ly re
port
-Byl
aw-S
taff
regu
latio
n-J
ob d
escr
iptio
n-G
uide
lines
and
prin
cipl
es, m
anua
ls-B
usin
ess p
lann
ing
guid
elin
e-A
ccou
ntin
g st
anda
rd a
nd p
rinci
ples
-Bud
getin
g gu
idel
ine
-Per
sona
l per
form
ance
eva
luat
ion
guid
elin
e-P
rocu
rem
ent a
nd st
ock
cont
rol m
anua
l-P
lans
-Bus
ines
s pla
n-B
udge
t-R
ecor
d an
d jo
urna
l, re
ports
-Mon
thly
repo
rt-F
inan
cial
stat
emen
ts a
nd a
udit
repo
rt-A
nnua
l rep
ort
-Int
erna
l aud
it re
port
Man
agem
ent M
odel
of W
USC
(Com
pute
rizat
ion)
-Fac
ility
man
agem
ent s
yste
m-P
ipel
ine
map
syst
em-C
AD
-Hyd
raul
ic a
naly
sis s
yste
m-N
etw
ork
anal
ysis
syst
em
-MIS
-Acc
ount
ing
syst
em-B
ookk
eepi
ng-A
ccou
nt P
ayab
le-A
ccou
nt R
ecei
vabl
e-A
sset
man
agem
ent
-Fin
anci
al re
porti
ng a
nd a
naly
sis
-Bill
ing
-Bill
ing
and
colle
ctio
n-P
ayro
ll an
d H
RM
-Pro
cure
men
t and
stoc
k co
ntro
l
1
D01
-05:
PC
M
Ove
rvie
w o
f PC
M
for
Cap
acity
Dev
elop
men
t Pla
nnin
g
of
Fina
ncia
l and
Man
agem
ent A
reas
Wor
ksho
p M
arch
201
0
D01
-05:
PC
M
-Obj
ectiv
e of
my
first
wor
ksho
p fo
r CD
of f
inan
cial
and
m
anag
emen
t are
a
(1) T
o id
entif
y/re
conf
irmin
g is
sues
and
pro
blem
s of f
inan
cial
and
m
anag
emen
t are
a
(2) T
o un
ders
tand
stru
ctur
e of
thes
e is
sues
and
pro
blem
s
(3) U
nder
stan
d te
chni
que
for p
robl
em so
lvin
g
2
D01
-05:
PC
M
Age
nda
(1) B
rief i
ntro
duct
ion
of p
robl
em so
lvin
g te
chni
ques
(2) I
ntro
duct
ion
of P
CM
: Pro
ject
Cyc
le M
anag
emen
t
(3) P
CM
D01
-05:
PC
M
(1) B
rief i
ntro
duct
ion
of p
robl
em so
lvin
g te
chni
ques
-Tw
o ty
pe o
f pro
blem
s, em
erge
nt a
nd n
ot so
em
erge
nt b
ut c
ritic
al
1) E
mer
genc
y pr
oble
m (e
.g. a
ccid
ent)
-Qui
ck a
ctio
n fo
r sto
p th
e cr
isis
(tro
uble
shoo
ting)
2) n
ot so
em
erge
nt b
ut c
ritic
al (e
.g. w
eak
finan
cial
cap
abili
ty)
-Req
uire
d m
ore
fund
amen
tal a
ppro
ach
-Con
cept
for p
robl
em so
lvin
g:
-Res
ourc
es a
re li
mite
d
-Nee
d to
focu
s on
high
cos
t per
form
ance
are
a, m
ost i
mpo
rtant
ar
ea w
ith ti
me
savi
ng m
anne
r
-Und
erst
and
stru
ctur
e an
d fin
d ar
ea fo
r foc
us
3
D01
-05:
PC
M
(1) B
rief i
ntro
duct
ion
of p
robl
em so
lvin
g te
chni
ques
emer
gent
pro
blem
and
acc
iden
t
Stru
ctur
ed p
robl
em th
at m
akes
em
erge
nt p
robl
em a
nd a
ccid
ent
10%
90%
-With
out s
olvi
ng th
is a
rea,
em
erge
nt p
robl
em a
nd a
ccid
ent w
ould
be
happ
en a
gain
. -T
here
wou
ld b
e so
man
y sm
all i
ncid
ents
bef
ore
com
ing
to a
ccid
ent.
D01
-05:
PC
M
(1) B
rief i
ntro
duct
ion
of p
robl
em so
lvin
g te
chni
ques
-Wha
t is n
eces
sary
for s
olvi
ng fu
ndam
enta
l pro
blem
s
1) U
nder
stan
ding
nat
ure
and
char
acte
r of p
robl
em (e
.g. s
truct
ure
of
prob
lem
)
2) R
ight
kno
wle
dge
and
tech
niqu
es o
n th
e pr
oble
m a
rea
(e.g
. fin
anci
al k
now
ledg
e, c
ash
flow
ana
lysi
s tec
hniq
ue)
3) E
xper
ienc
es fo
r giv
e yo
u co
urag
e to
tack
le w
ith p
robl
em (n
ote:
ex
perie
nce
may
use
ful t
o fin
d so
lutio
n, b
ut n
ot a
lway
s)
4) S
kill
to c
reat
e/m
aint
ain
coop
erat
ion,
neg
otia
tion,
team
wor
k ty
pe
lead
ersh
ip a
nd c
omm
unic
atio
n
5) S
kill
of p
rogr
ess m
anag
emen
t (bi
rd v
iew
and
det
ail f
ocus
)
Not
e: p
eopl
e us
e to
say,
exp
erie
nce
is m
ost u
sefu
l to
solv
e pr
oble
m. B
ut th
ere
is n
ot c
ompl
etel
y sa
me
prob
lem
. If t
hat h
appe
n, th
at is
man
agem
ent f
ailu
re. N
ever
be
leav
e su
ch st
upid
man
ager
.
4
D01
-05:
PC
M
(2) I
ntro
duct
ion
of P
CM
: Pro
ject
Cyc
le M
anag
emen
t
1) O
verv
iew
2) A
naly
sis a
nd p
lann
ing
-Sta
keho
lder
ana
lysi
s
-Pro
blem
stru
ctur
e an
alys
is
-Obj
ectiv
e st
ruct
ure
anal
ysis
-Sel
ectio
n of
focu
s are
a
-PD
M: P
roje
ct D
esig
n M
atrix
, sum
mar
y of
pla
nnin
g
-PO
: Pla
n of
ope
ratio
n, a
ctio
n pl
an
3) M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n
D01
-05:
PC
M
1) O
verv
iew
-PC
M: P
roje
ct C
ycle
Man
agem
ent
-Met
hodo
logy
for m
anag
e th
e pl
anni
ng c
ycle
-Pla
nnin
g cy
cle:
Pla
nnin
g, im
plem
enta
tion
and
eval
uatio
n
Bib
liogr
aphy
as t
ext b
ook
publ
ishe
d fr
om F
ASI
D:
A) P
lann
ing
PCM
: MA
NA
GEM
ENT
TOO
L FO
R D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ASS
ITA
NC
EPa
rtici
pato
ry P
lann
ing
B) M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n
PCM
: MA
NA
GEM
ENT
TOO
L FO
R D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ASS
ISTA
NC
EM
onito
ring
&
Eval
uatio
n (M
&E)
5
D01
-05:
PC
M
Stak
ehol
ders
ana
lysi
s
Obj
ectiv
e an
alys
is
Prob
lem
ana
lysi
s
Sele
ctio
n of
targ
et a
rea
anal
ysis
plan
ning
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
PDM
: pro
ject
des
ign
mat
rix
PO: p
lan
of o
pera
tion
PO: p
lan
of o
pera
tion
PDM
e
Ana
lysi
s of r
elat
ion
and
back
grou
nd
Ana
lysi
s of p
robl
em st
ruct
ure
with
ca
use
and
resu
lts re
latio
ns
Ana
lysi
s of s
olut
ion
stru
ctur
e w
ith
obje
ctiv
e an
d m
ean
to a
chie
ve
rela
tions
Dec
ide
scop
e of
wor
k
Mak
e su
mm
ary
of p
lan
dete
rmin
e ob
ject
ive,
nec
essa
ry in
put,
outp
ut,
activ
ity, p
erfo
rman
ce m
easu
rem
ents
and
ass
umpt
ions
Mak
e ac
tion
that
cou
ld b
e m
onito
ring
shee
t
Eval
uate
rele
vanc
e, e
ffec
tiven
ess,
effic
ienc
y, im
pact
and
su
stai
nabi
lity
Use
this
par
t in
this
w
orks
hop
D01
-05:
PC
M
Stak
ehol
ders
of W
D
WU
SC
DW
SS, E
RM
SO
Ben
efic
ially
(cus
tom
er)
Coo
pera
tive
grou
p(b
roth
er W
USC
)
LG
Coo
pera
tive
grou
p(M
in. o
f Pla
nnin
g)B
enef
icia
lly(s
choo
l chi
ldre
n)
-ho
useh
old
user
-In
dust
ry u
ser
-G
over
nmen
t use
-Use
r als
o be
a su
perv
isor
and
fin
al d
ecis
ion
mak
er
-Fi
nanc
ial/T
echn
ical
as
sist
ance
/adv
isor
y
-A
ppoi
ntm
ent o
f boa
rd
mem
bers
and
GM
May
or
Polit
icia
n
Coo
pera
tive
grou
p(M
in. o
f Hea
lth)
-B
oard
-G
ener
al m
anag
er-
Perm
anen
t sta
ff-C
asua
l sta
ff
6
D01
-05:
PC
M
Stak
ehol
ders
ana
lysi
s: u
nder
stan
d re
latio
n an
d ch
arac
teris
tics o
f sta
keho
lder
s
Targ
et g
roup
(WU
SC)
Supe
rvis
ing
grou
p(D
WSS
, ER
MSO
)
Supp
ortiv
e gr
oup
Ben
efic
ially
(cus
tom
er)
Opp
osite
gro
up
Com
petit
ive
grou
pC
oope
rativ
e gr
oup
(bro
ther
WU
SC)
cons
truct
or
LG
-som
etim
es re
latio
n is
cha
nged
by
circ
umst
ance
, ho
wev
er, u
nder
stan
d th
eir r
elat
ion,
beh
avio
r, op
inio
n an
d na
ture
is im
porta
nt b
efor
e an
alys
is o
f pr
oble
m st
ruct
ure
and
obje
ctiv
e st
ruct
ure
D01
-05:
PC
M
Stak
ehol
ders
ana
lysi
s: u
nder
stan
d re
latio
n an
d ch
arac
teris
tics o
f st
akeh
olde
rs(E
xam
ple)
It’s m
e
Supe
rvis
ing
grou
p(M
y B
oss ?
)
Supp
ortiv
e gr
oup
(?)
Ben
efic
ially
(me
and/
or ?
)
Opp
osite
gro
up(M
y w
ife ?
)
Com
petit
ive
grou
p(H
er b
oyfr
iend
?)
Coo
pera
tive
grou
p(M
y fr
iend
?)
I hav
e no
girl
frie
nd in
N
epal
-som
etim
es re
latio
n is
cha
nged
by
circ
umst
ance
, ho
wev
er, u
nder
stan
d th
eir r
elat
ion,
beh
avio
r, op
inio
n an
d na
ture
is im
porta
nt b
efor
e an
alys
is o
f pr
oble
m st
ruct
ure
and
obje
ctiv
e st
ruct
ure
7
D01
-05:
PC
M
Typi
cal p
robl
ems a
nd is
sues
:(1
)Fi
nanc
ial p
robl
ems a
nd is
sues
(diff
icul
t to
man
age
WU
SC
finan
cial
ly)
-def
icit,
neg
ativ
e ca
sh b
alan
ce-a
rrea
rs-s
horta
ge o
f fin
anci
al re
sour
ces f
or c
apita
l inv
estm
ent
(exp
ansi
on, n
ew fa
cilit
y)-d
iffic
ulty
of w
ater
cha
rge
impr
ovem
ent
(2) M
anag
emen
t pro
blem
s and
issu
es
-agr
eem
ent o
f boa
rd a
nd u
ser
-sho
rtage
of m
an p
ower
, ski
lls,
-har
mon
izat
ion
with
stak
ehol
ders
(oth
er g
over
nmen
t or
gani
zatio
n an
d N
GO
) whe
n ne
ed a
ssis
tanc
e
D01
-05:
PC
M
Cor
e pr
oble
m
Prob
lem
ana
lysi
s:-
prob
lem
stru
ctur
aliz
ed w
ith c
ause
and
eff
ect r
elat
ions
-
prob
lem
cou
ld n
ot so
lve
at o
nce,
but
solv
e fr
om b
ottle
to u
p,
one
by o
ne n
orm
ally
Prob
lem
2-1
Prob
lem
3Pr
oble
m 2
Prob
lem
1
Prob
lem
2-2
Effe
cted
and
cau
se caus
e
effe
cted
8
D01
-05:
PC
M
defic
it
over
bud
get
(spe
nd to
o m
uch
expe
nses
)
Elec
trici
ty w
as
incr
ease
d m
ore
than
exp
ecte
d
Not
reac
h th
e ta
rget
reve
nue
colle
ctio
n
Leak
age
was
ha
ppen
ed fr
eque
ntly
m
ore
than
exp
ecte
d
Incr
easi
ng
volu
ntar
y di
scon
nect
ion
Cou
ld n
ot g
et
agre
emen
t of w
ater
ch
arge
impr
ovem
ent
from
use
r
Not
do
faci
lity
reha
bilit
atio
n
effe
cted ca
use
caus
e
caus
e
Effe
cted
and
cau
se
effe
cted
D01
-05:
PC
M
Cor
e pr
oble
m
Prob
lem
ana
lysi
s:
Com
plic
ated
pro
blem
may
hav
e st
ruct
ure
of c
ause
and
eff
ect
amon
g pr
oble
ms Prob
lem
2-1
Prob
lem
3Pr
oble
m 2
Prob
lem
1
Prob
lem
2-2
Effe
cted
and
cau
se caus
e
effe
cted
9
D01
-05:
PC
M
I hav
e no
girl
frie
nd
I can
’t be
a g
angs
ter
I can
’t sp
eak
Nep
ali
I hav
e no
t muc
h m
oney
I am
not
han
dsom
e
I can
not
be
a hu
stle
rM
y jo
b do
es n
ot b
ring
me
muc
h m
oney
Prob
lem
ana
lysi
s:
Com
plic
ated
pro
blem
may
hav
e st
ruct
ure
of c
ause
and
eff
ect
amon
g pr
oble
ms
Effe
cted
and
cau
se
caus
e
effe
cted
Cor
e pr
oble
m
D01
-05:
PC
M
Prof
it
Expe
nses
is u
nder
th
e bu
dget
adju
st o
ther
exp
ense
s fo
r allo
cate
suff
icie
nt
budg
et to
ele
ctric
ity
reve
nue
colle
ctio
n is
exc
eed
targ
et
Red
uce
leak
age
freq
uenc
yIn
crea
sing
num
ber
of c
once
ssio
naire
sin
crea
sing
wat
er
char
ge ra
te
Con
duct
faci
lity
reha
bilit
atio
n m
ean
Obj
ectiv
e an
d m
eanef
fect
ed
mea
nm
ean
Obj
ectiv
e an
d m
ean
10
D01
-05:
PC
M
Cor
e ob
ject
ive
Obj
ectiv
e an
alys
is:
-Sol
utio
n ha
ve st
ruct
ure
of o
bjec
tive
and
mea
n re
latio
ns-S
olut
ion
also
cou
ld n
ot im
plem
entin
g at
onc
e, b
ut im
plem
entin
g fr
om b
ottle
to u
p, o
ne b
y on
e no
rmal
ly
Obj
ectiv
e 2-
1
Obj
ectiv
e 3
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Obj
ectiv
e 1
Obj
ectiv
e 2-
2
Obj
ectiv
e an
d m
ean m
ean
Obj
ectiv
e
D01
-05:
PC
M
I hav
e gi
rl fr
iend
(but
one
is e
noug
h, tw
o is
too
muc
h, th
ree
may
mak
es m
e ba
nkru
pt)
Obj
ectiv
e an
alys
is: S
olut
ion
have
stru
ctur
e of
obj
ectiv
e an
d m
ean
amon
g pr
oble
ms (
exam
ple)
Find
rich
unc
le
I can
spea
k N
epal
iI c
ould
be
rich
I cou
ld h
ave
plas
tic
surg
ery
and
chan
ge
my
face
I can
lear
n N
epal
i fr
om b
eaut
iful y
oung
la
dyC
hang
e m
y jo
b fo
r ea
rn m
ore
mon
eyB
ut h
ow to
find
attr
activ
e, n
ice
and
kind
yo
ung
girl
who
can
teac
h m
e N
epal
i?
Obj
ectiv
e an
d m
ean
mea
n
Obj
ectiv
eCor
e ob
ject
ive
11
D01
-05:
PC
M
I hav
e gi
rl fr
iend
(but
one
is e
noug
h, tw
o is
too
muc
h, th
ree
may
mak
es m
e ba
nkru
pt)
Scop
ing:
Sel
ect t
arge
t pro
ject
are
a on
obj
ectiv
e tre
e (e
xam
ple)
Find
rich
unc
le
I can
spea
k N
epal
iI c
ould
be
rich
I cou
ld h
ave
plas
tic
surg
ery
and
chan
ge
my
face
I can
lear
n N
epal
i fr
om b
eaut
iful y
oung
la
dyC
hang
e m
y jo
b fo
r ea
rn m
ore
mon
eyB
ut h
ow to
find
attr
activ
e, n
ice
and
kind
yo
ung
girl
who
can
teac
h m
e N
epal
i?
D01
-05:
PC
M
(2) I
ntro
duct
ion
of P
CM
: Pro
ject
Cyc
le M
anag
emen
t
1) O
verv
iew
2) A
naly
sis a
nd p
lann
ing
-Sta
keho
lder
ana
lysi
s: U
nder
stan
d ba
ckgr
ound
-Pro
blem
stru
ctur
e an
alys
is: u
nder
stan
d st
ruct
ure
of p
robl
ems
-Obj
ectiv
e st
ruct
ure
anal
ysis
: und
erst
and
stru
ctur
e of
solu
tions
-Sel
ectio
n of
focu
s are
a
-PD
M: P
roje
ct D
esig
n M
atrix
, sum
mar
y of
pla
nnin
g
-PO
: Pla
n of
ope
ratio
n, a
ctio
n pl
an
3) M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n
12
D01
-05:
PC
M
PDM
: Pro
ject
Dat
a M
atrix
: Exa
mpl
e
-a k
ind
of su
mm
ary
shee
t des
crib
e al
l ele
men
ts o
f pla
n
Nar
rativ
e de
scrip
tion
v
erifi
catio
n
mea
n of
ver
ifica
tion
ass
umpt
ion
Supe
r goa
l:
????
??
?
??
??
???
Proj
ect p
urpo
se:
Find
girl
frie
nd
hav
e di
nner
toge
ther
p
ictu
reof
us
Out
put:
Can
spea
k N
epal
i
can
take
min
ibus
a
rriv
ed a
t Sw
ayan
buna
tex
ist g
ood
girl
Act
iviti
es
Inpu
t: 2,
000
Rup
ee
can
stay
in N
epal
1. B
uy d
ictio
nary
prec
ondi
tion
2. B
uy c
onve
rsat
ion
book
D01
-05:
PC
M
(2) I
ntro
duct
ion
of P
CM
: Pro
ject
Cyc
le M
anag
emen
t
1) O
verv
iew
2) A
naly
sis a
nd p
lann
ing
-Sta
keho
lder
ana
lysi
s: U
nder
stan
d ba
ckgr
ound
-Pro
blem
stru
ctur
e an
alys
is: u
nder
stan
d st
ruct
ure
of p
robl
ems
-Obj
ectiv
e st
ruct
ure
anal
ysis
: und
erst
and
stru
ctur
e of
solu
tions
-Sel
ectio
n of
focu
s are
a
-PD
M: P
roje
ct D
esig
n M
atrix
, sum
mar
y of
pla
nnin
g
-PO
: Pla
n of
ope
ratio
n, a
ctio
n pl
an
3) M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n
13
D01
-05:
PC
M
PO: P
lan
of O
pera
tion,
a k
ind
of m
onito
ring
shee
t
D01
-05:
PC
M
(2) I
ntro
duct
ion
of P
CM
: Pro
ject
Cyc
le M
anag
emen
t
1) O
verv
iew
2) A
naly
sis a
nd p
lann
ing
-Sta
keho
lder
ana
lysi
s: U
nder
stan
d ba
ckgr
ound
-Pro
blem
stru
ctur
e an
alys
is: u
nder
stan
d st
ruct
ure
of p
robl
ems
-Obj
ectiv
e st
ruct
ure
anal
ysis
: und
erst
and
stru
ctur
e of
solu
tions
-Sel
ectio
n of
focu
s are
a
-PD
M: P
roje
ct D
esig
n M
atrix
, sum
mar
y of
pla
nnin
g
-PO
: Pla
n of
ope
ratio
n, a
ctio
n pl
an
3) M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n
14
D01
-05:
PC
M
Eval
uatio
n: E
valu
ate
effic
ienc
y, im
pact
, rel
evan
ce, e
ffec
tiven
ess
and
sust
aina
bilit
y (s
ampl
e)
Nar
rativ
e de
scrip
tion
Supe
r goa
l
Proj
ect p
urpo
se
Out
put
Inpu
t
Effi
cien
cy:
Use
2,0
00
Rup
ee b
ut
coul
d no
t sp
eak
Nep
ali
fluen
tly
afte
r 3
mon
ths
Impa
ct:
Not
cle
ar
wha
t wan
t to
do
afte
r fin
d gi
rl fr
iend
. No
impa
ct
rele
vanc
e:N
ot c
lear
w
hy w
ant
to h
ave
girl
frie
nd. N
ot
clea
rre
leva
nce
sust
aina
bilit
yN
o su
stai
nabi
lity
at a
ll.
effe
ctiv
enes
s:N
oef
fect
iven
ess.
How
cou
ld
you
say
effe
ctiv
e ?
D01
-05:
PC
M
(3) P
CM
Rul
es:
1. W
rite
one
prob
lem
on
one
shee
t
ex. “
faci
lity
are
old
and
not m
uch
repa
ired”
“fac
ility
are
old
”an
d “f
acili
ty m
aint
enan
ce a
re in
adeq
uate
”
2. W
rite
posi
tive
sent
ence
, avo
id to
use
“no
t”
ex: “
ther
e is
no
wat
er”
-> “
peop
le c
anno
t acc
ess s
afe
wat
er”
3. N
ever
crit
icis
m
The
Pro
blem
of W
ater
Sup
ply
on D
istri
butio
n P
ipe
Prob
lem
on
Pipe
line
It is
pos
sibl
e to
supp
ly w
ater
nor
mal
ly fr
om th
e el
evat
ed ta
nk in
serv
ice
area
.
Wat
er su
pply
som
etim
es st
ops d
ue to
tem
pora
l w
ater
supp
ly.
How
ever
, wat
er c
an n
ot b
e pr
ovid
ed a
t a c
erta
in
plac
e in
spite
of r
esum
ing
wat
er su
pply
.
1. P
ossi
ble
Cau
se
1) S
ince
ther
e m
ay b
e en
trapp
ed a
ir at
a h
ighe
r ele
vatio
n on
the
pipe
line,
the
entra
pped
air
can
hind
er fr
om
conv
eyin
g w
ater
thro
ugh
pipe
.
2) L
ocat
ion
of a
n ai
r val
ve m
ay b
e in
appr
opria
te.
3) A
n ai
r val
ve m
ay b
e m
alfu
nctio
n bu
t an
air v
alve
is
inst
alle
d at
pea
k po
int.
Peak
poi
nt o
nD
istri
butio
n Pi
pes
Elev
ated
Tan
k
2. E
ntra
pped
Air
Occ
urre
nce
Poin
t
Non
exis
tenc
e ai
r va
lve
at p
eak
poin
t on
pip
elin
e
In a
ppro
pria
te
loca
tion
of a
n ai
r va
lve
An
air v
alve
is
mal
func
tion.
Distr
ibut
ion
Pipe
s
No
Air
Val
ve
A
Inap
prop
riate
Loca
tion
AA
ir V
alve
:M
alfu
nctio
n
3. M
easu
re
•To
con
firm
the
geog
raph
ical
hig
her e
leva
tions
on
the
pipe
rout
e at
firs
t, th
en c
onfir
m a
n ai
r val
ve e
xist
ence
or
non
exis
tenc
e.
•W
hen
nece
ssity
of a
n ai
r val
ve is
asc
erta
ined
at s
ome
high
er e
leva
tions
, the
air
valv
e sh
ould
be
inst
alle
d at
th
e po
int.
4. O
ccur
renc
e Pr
oced
ure
and
Mea
sure
1) N
orm
al O
pera
tion
for c
onve
ying
wat
er in
pi
pelin
e
2) W
hen
wat
er su
pply
w
as su
spen
ded,
en
trapp
ed a
ir m
ay o
ccur
at
pea
k po
int o
n pi
pelin
e.
3) T
he e
ntra
pped
air
can
hind
er fr
om
conv
eyin
g w
ater
whe
n w
ater
supp
ly re
sum
ed.
4) W
hen
an a
ir va
lve
is in
stal
led
at th
e pe
ak
poin
t, th
e ai
r val
ve re
leas
es e
ntra
pped
air
from
in
side
pip
e.
5) N
orm
al O
pera
tion
afte
r ins
talli
ng a
n ai
r va
lve
Distr
ibut
ion
Pipe
sA
irA
ir
Air
Val
veA
AIn
stal
l
Prop
er T
reat
men
t of a
Wat
er M
eter
1. P
reca
utio
n fo
r Saf
ety
(1)
•To
pay
atte
ntio
n w
hile
car
ryin
g he
avy
equi
pmen
tan
d in
stal
ling
wat
er m
eter
s sin
ce th
ere
are
poss
ibili
ties o
f inj
ury.
•N
ot to
touc
h di
rect
ly a
scre
w jo
int p
art o
n a
met
er
case
beca
use
ther
e is
a p
ossi
bilit
y of
inju
ry.
To p
ut
on c
otto
n w
ork
glov
es to
hel
p pr
even
t inj
ury.
1. P
reca
utio
n fo
r Saf
ety
(2)
•To
use
app
ropr
iate
tool
ssuc
h as
wre
nche
s for
pl
umbi
ng. H
indr
ance
and
acc
iden
t may
be
caus
ed b
y us
ing
inap
prop
riate
tool
s for
plu
mbi
ng.
•N
ot to
pou
r hot
or b
oilin
g w
ater
into
the
wat
er m
eter
.W
hen
hot w
ater
of m
ore
than
40
degr
ees f
low
s in
a w
ater
met
er, t
here
is a
pos
sibi
lity
to d
amag
e th
e in
side
pla
stic
par
ts o
f the
wat
er m
eter
.
1. P
reca
utio
n fo
r Wat
er M
eter
Man
agem
ent
durin
g M
eter
Sto
rage
(1)
•N
ot to
giv
e w
ater
met
er a
stro
ng sh
ock.
Whe
n a
wat
er m
eter
falls
, the
re is
a p
ossi
bilit
y of
met
er d
amag
e an
d m
ight
be
diff
icul
t to
mea
sure
the
amou
nt o
f flo
w b
ecau
se
the
shaf
t bea
ring
of th
e im
pelle
r will
be
dam
aged
.
•N
ot to
giv
e w
ater
met
er v
ibra
tion.
Whe
n a
wat
er m
eter
rece
ives
vib
ratio
nfo
r man
y ho
urs,
it m
ight
be
diff
icul
t to
mea
sure
the
amou
nt o
f flo
w b
ecau
se th
e sh
aft b
earin
g of
the
impe
ller w
ill b
e da
mag
ed.
Vane
whe
el je
t typ
e w
ater
met
er
Impe
ller
Impe
ller
Noz
zleN
ozzl
e
Upp
er In
ner c
ase
Low
er In
ner c
ase
Sin
gle
jet t
ype
wat
er m
eter
M
ulti
jet t
ype
wat
er m
eter
1. P
reca
utio
n fo
r Wat
er M
eter
Man
agem
ent
durin
g M
eter
Sto
rage
(2)
•To
cov
er g
atew
ay o
f wat
er m
eter
to p
reve
nt th
e w
ind
blow
ing
thro
ugh
the
met
er d
urin
g w
ater
met
er st
orag
e.W
hen
air b
low
s thr
ough
the
wat
er m
eter
, it i
s pos
sibl
e th
at
mea
sure
d va
lue
can
prog
ress
or r
ever
t bec
ause
impe
ller r
otat
es
due
to th
e w
ind.
To p
ut c
aps o
n th
e ga
tew
ay o
f wat
er m
eter
topr
even
t thi
s fro
m h
appe
ning
.
•To
cov
er g
atew
ay o
f wat
er m
eter
to p
reve
nt u
nwan
ted
subs
tanc
es e
nter
ing
wat
er m
eter
dur
ing
met
er st
orag
e.W
hen
unw
ante
d su
bsta
nces
ent
ered
met
er, i
t mig
ht b
e di
ffic
ult
to m
easu
re si
nce
the
unw
ante
d su
bsta
nce
obst
ruct
s the
rota
tion
of th
e im
pelle
r.
2. P
reca
utio
n fo
r loc
atio
n of
wat
er m
eter
in
stal
latio
n (1
)
•To
inst
all w
ater
met
er in
hor
izon
tal p
ositi
on.
To se
t the
met
er h
oriz
onta
lly w
ith in
dica
tor u
pwar
d ac
cord
ing
to th
e ar
row
show
n on
the
met
er.
•To
sele
ct th
e pl
ace
whe
re in
stal
latio
n an
d re
mov
al o
f a w
ater
m
eter
are
eas
y.Si
nce
it is
nec
essa
ry to
repl
ace
wat
er m
eter
per
iodi
cally
(rec
omm
ende
d in
eve
ry 8
yea
rs),
appr
opria
te p
lace
for i
nsta
lling
and
rem
ovin
g a
wat
er m
eter
is re
quire
d.
2. P
reca
utio
n fo
r loc
atio
n of
wat
er m
eter
in
stal
latio
n (2
)
•To
sele
ct th
e pl
ace
whe
re m
eter
read
ing
is e
asy.
Sin
ce it
is
nece
ssar
y to
con
duct
met
er re
adin
g pe
riodi
cally
, app
ropr
iate
pl
ace,
whi
ch is
dry
con
ditio
n an
d no
t sub
mer
ged,
is re
quire
d.
•To
sele
ct th
e pl
ace
whe
re m
omen
tary
pre
ssur
e va
riatio
n is
low
.It
mig
ht b
e di
ffic
ult t
o m
easu
re a
ccur
atel
y be
caus
e th
e ro
tatio
n of
the
impe
ller w
ill b
e in
crea
sed
by m
omen
tary
pre
ssur
e va
riatio
n. T
he m
axim
um w
orki
ng p
ress
ure,
how
ever
, is 1
MPa
.
2. P
reca
utio
n fo
r loc
atio
n of
wat
er m
eter
in
stal
latio
n (3
)•
To se
lect
a p
lace
whe
re th
ere
is n
o in
fluen
ce o
n vi
brat
ion.
It
mig
ht b
e di
ffic
ult t
o m
easu
re a
ccur
atel
y be
caus
e th
e ro
tatio
n of
the
impe
ller i
s inc
reas
ed b
y vi
brat
ion.
•N
ot to
inst
all w
ater
met
er a
t a su
bmer
ged
loca
tion.
3. P
reca
utio
n fo
r wat
er m
eter
inst
alla
tion
(1)
•W
ater
met
er in
stal
latio
n fit
ting
shou
ld b
e th
e to
tal l
engt
h of
th
e m
eter
.In
cas
e of
bad
mea
sure
men
t, su
ch a
s sho
rt or
long
, the
met
er
can
not b
e in
stal
led
to p
ipes
.
•W
hen
a w
eldi
ng ju
nctio
n is
con
duct
ed a
t a p
ipe
join
t par
t, de
tach
the
wat
er m
eter
from
the
pipe
s.Th
e pl
astic
par
ts in
side
the
wat
er m
eter
may
be
dam
aged
by
the
high
tem
pera
ture
of t
he w
eldi
ng.
Det
ach
3. P
reca
utio
n fo
r wat
er m
eter
inst
alla
tion
(2)
•Pi
pe le
ngth
of m
ore
than
5 ti
mes
of a
pip
e di
amet
er in
the
uppe
r stre
am o
f a w
ater
met
er a
nd th
e pi
pe le
ngth
of m
ore
than
3
times
in th
e do
wns
tream
are
requ
ired
on a
pip
e ar
rang
emen
t.W
hen
the
pipe
leng
th is
shor
ter t
han
abov
e m
entio
ned
leng
th,
it m
ight
be
diff
icul
t to
mea
sure
acc
urat
ely
due
to th
e in
fluen
ceof
a v
alve
or a
ben
t pip
e.•
To u
se p
rope
r pac
king
to fi
t a p
ipe
diam
eter
dur
ing
met
er
inst
alla
tion.
Wat
er le
akag
e at
join
t par
ts a
nd/o
r wat
er
mea
surin
g er
ror m
ay o
ccur
due
to d
iffer
ent d
imen
sion
s of
pack
ing.
WM
Mor
e th
an 5
Tim
esof
Pip
e di
a.M
ore
than
3 T
imes
of P
ipe
dia.
Pip
e di
a.
3. P
reca
utio
n fo
r wat
er m
eter
inst
alla
tion
(3)
•Th
e in
side
of t
he p
ipe
shou
ld a
lway
s be
clea
ned
by fl
owin
g w
ater
bef
ore
inst
allin
g w
ater
met
er. I
t mig
ht b
e di
ffic
ult t
o m
easu
re a
ccur
acy
beca
use
unw
ante
d su
bsta
nces
insi
de th
e pi
pe
mig
ht o
bstru
ct th
e ro
tatio
n of
the
impe
ller o
r eve
n de
stro
y th
e m
eter
.•
To o
pen
a st
op v
alve
slow
ly w
hen
feed
ing
wat
er. W
hen
open
ing
a st
op v
alve
has
tily,
the
wat
er m
eter
mig
ht b
e da
mag
e du
e to
wat
er h
amm
er.
Sto
p V
alve
4. E
xam
inat
ion
of In
stru
men
tal e
rror
with
re
fere
nce
(sta
ndar
d) w
ater
met
erEx
amin
atio
n of
Ins
trum
enta
l err
or (
%)
with
ref
eren
ce (
stan
dard
) w
ater
met
er is
con
duct
ed b
y us
ing
equi
pmen
t.1.
Eng
inee
r exc
lude
s air
by ru
nnin
g w
ater
thro
ugh
the
met
er a
nd
serv
ice
pipe
. 2.
Ful
ly o
pen
the
stop
val
ve o
f ref
eren
ce (s
tand
ard)
wat
er m
eter
3. O
pen
the
fauc
et sl
owly
. 4.
Ful
ly c
lose
off
the
stop
val
ve o
f ref
eren
ce (s
tand
ard)
wat
er
met
er, a
nd re
ad in
disc
rete
val
ues o
f 2 m
eter
s.5.
Ful
ly o
pen
the
stop
val
ve o
f ref
eren
ce (s
tand
ard)
wat
er m
eter
. A
gain
fully
clo
se o
ff th
e st
op v
alve
of r
efer
ence
(sta
ndar
d)w
ater
met
er a
fter r
unni
ng w
ater
up
to fi
xed
test
flow
.R
ead
indi
scre
te v
alue
s of 2
met
ers.
6. T
he ra
nge
of a
n al
low
able
inst
rum
enta
l err
or o
f mea
sure
men
t m
ay b
e 10
%(i.
e. in
cas
e of
100
L, t
he ra
nge
of a
n al
low
able
is
10 L
.)
5. E
xam
inat
ion
of In
stru
men
tal e
rror
with
re
fere
nce
(sta
ndar
d) w
ater
met
er
Test
ed w
ater
met
er
Hos
epip
e gu
ard
Inle
t hos
epip
eSt
op v
alve
Out
let h
osep
ipe
Ref
eren
ce (s
tand
ard)
wat
er m
eter
5.1
Cal
cula
tion
of In
stru
men
tal E
rror
E =
x
100
E: In
stru
men
tal e
rror
(%)
I: In
disc
rete
val
ue o
f tes
ted
wat
er m
eter
(L)
Q: I
ndis
cret
e va
lue
of re
fere
nce
(sta
ndar
d) w
ater
met
er (L
)
I -Q
Q
Inte
ger N
umbe
r
Dec
imal
No.
(100
L)
Dec
imal
No.
(10
L)D
ecim
al N
o. (1
L)
Dec
imal
No.
(0.1
L)
6 M
eter
Cal
ibra
tion
Equi
pmen
t (TS
C in
Itah
ari)
WaterT
ank
Wat
er S
uppl
y
Pump
PT
P
WMWM
WMWM
WMWM
WM
90 L/h
00
00
700
L/h
7m
3 /h30 m3 /h
Water
Tank
Water
Tank
Wat
erLe
vel
gaug
e
Wat
erLe
vel
gaug
e
20.6 L 9.5 L
97 L309 L
WM
: Wat
er M
eter
P: P
ress
ure
gaug
eT:
Wat
er T
empe
ratu
re g
auge
Val
ve
Flow
Met
er20 Ž (0
- 50 Ž) 0 - 2
.5 M
pa0
- 0.6
Mpa
Pres
sure
gau
ge &
Wat
er te
mpe
ratu
re g
auge
Pum
pW
ater
Met
ers (
7)Fl
ow M
eter
s (4)
Wat
er T
ank
6. R
ange
of V
erifi
catio
n To
lera
nce
for
Dom
estic
Wat
er M
eter
(15
mm
)
Fixe
d Fl
ow: Q
1,Q
2an
dQ
3In
cas
e of
a d
omes
tic w
ater
met
er
Flow
InstrumentalError (%)
Q1
Q2
Q3
Pressure Drop (MPa)
7.C
ompa
rison
of F
low
Trai
ning
for D
evel
opin
g Pu
blic
Hyg
iene
Edu
catio
n Pr
ogra
m (3
)
Febr
uary
201
1
Obj
ectiv
es:
-Dev
elop
ing
train
ing
mat
eria
l of a
war
enes
s and
hyg
iene
edu
catio
nfo
r wom
en’s
gro
up
Age
nda
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f tra
inin
g m
ater
ial f
or a
dults
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f tra
inin
g m
ater
ial f
or a
dults
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
-Sev
eral
trai
ning
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts, m
ainl
y fo
cus f
or ta
rget
gro
up
and
topi
cs
(1) T
arge
t gro
up
-wom
en’s
gro
up, s
peci
ally
mot
her w
ho h
as in
fant
-Som
etim
es a
ppoi
nts c
omm
unity
hea
lth w
orke
r and
sani
tary
w
orke
r, fr
om re
tired
nur
se o
r tra
ined
com
mun
ity m
embe
r
(2) T
opic
s
-Sav
e ch
ild fr
om w
ater
bor
n di
seas
es
-Hyg
iene
cus
tom
and
beh
avio
r
-Con
serv
atio
n of
wat
er
-Dev
elop
men
t of c
ash
inco
me
prod
ucts
usi
ng c
lean
wat
erH
ealth
wor
kers
of P
hilip
pine
s com
e to
hea
lth c
ente
r for
coo
pera
tion
with
ant
i sc
hist
osim
iasi
spro
gram
ass
iste
d by
JBIC
: Jap
an B
ank
of In
tern
atio
nal C
oope
ratio
n
Com
mun
ity h
ealth
wor
ker,
retir
ed n
urse
s and
mid
wife
s
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
(3) D
iffer
ence
of t
rain
ing
mat
eria
l and
met
hod
betw
een
scho
ol k
id
and
adul
t
1) S
choo
l kid
-Tra
inin
g m
ater
ial f
or sc
hool
kid
focu
s to
give
s com
preh
ensi
ve
natu
ral s
cien
ce a
nd so
cial
scie
nce
know
ledg
e
-Lea
rn w
ith fu
n, th
ink
thro
ugh
fun
2) A
dult
-Pra
ctic
al k
now
ledg
e
-Mak
e th
em p
rese
ntat
ion
and
thin
k/un
ders
tand
ing
thro
ugh
pres
enta
tion
proc
ess
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
(4) M
ater
ials
-Sto
rybo
ard
-Pos
ter
-Pic
ture
car
d
-Dem
onst
ratio
n
-Vid
eo
-Som
etim
es m
akes
cam
paig
n go
ods,
stic
ker
Stor
yboa
rd: s
ampl
e of
wat
er c
onse
rvat
ion
Info
rmat
ion:
seria
lized
pos
ter
The
purp
ose
of th
is e
xerc
ise
is to
dra
w o
n th
e pa
rtici
pant
s’kn
owle
dge
and
expe
rienc
e an
d ap
ply
it to
pro
blem
solv
ing.
Loc
al
awar
enes
s of d
isea
se tr
ansm
issi
on c
an b
e ex
plor
ed in
this
way
. B
y th
e en
d of
the
sess
ion
parti
cipa
nts s
houl
d be
abl
e to
de
scrib
e w
ays i
n w
hich
hyg
iene
pra
ctic
es
are
rela
ted
to th
e sp
read
of w
ater
and
sa
nita
tion
rela
ted
dise
ases
and
iden
tify
way
s of
pre
vent
ing
them
. •P
artic
ipan
ts d
ivid
e in
to sm
all g
roup
s and
ea
ch g
roup
is g
iven
a se
t of r
ando
mly
or
dere
d se
quen
tial p
ictu
res s
how
ing
som
e of
th
e hy
gien
e pr
actic
es th
at tr
ansm
it di
seas
e.•A
sk th
em to
put
the
pict
ures
into
an
orde
red
sequ
ence
.•A
sk th
em to
say
why
they
hav
e m
ade
thei
r pa
rticu
lar c
hoic
es a
nd e
ncou
rage
dis
cuss
ion
arou
nd th
e is
sues
dep
icte
d in
the
pict
ures
.•W
hat a
ctio
n co
uld
be ta
ken
to im
prov
e th
e si
tuat
ion
and
by w
hom
?•A
sk e
ach
grou
p to
dis
cuss
thei
r fin
ding
s w
ith th
e w
hole
gro
up.
Post
er fo
r w
ash
hand
Was
h yo
ur h
and
wel
l for
pro
per
hygi
ene
Was
h yo
ur k
itche
n w
ell f
or p
rope
r hy
gien
e
Use
sham
poo
for c
lean
ing
your
ha
nd a
nd p
rote
ct fr
om
cont
amin
atio
n by
mic
ro v
irus
Post
er fo
r w
ater
con
serv
atio
n
Wat
er c
onse
rvat
ion:
not
flus
hing
w
ater
whi
le:
-Clo
se th
e ta
p fa
ucet
whe
n no
t use
w
ater
-Use
recy
cle
wat
er fo
r pla
nt o
r w
ashi
ng to
ilet
-Use
tank
ed w
ater
for w
ashi
ng
(not
flas
hing
wat
er w
hile
was
hing
bo
dy)
-Use
gla
ssed
wat
er fo
r cle
an y
our
mou
th a
nd te
eth
for p
rope
r hyg
iene
(a
gain
not
flas
hing
wat
er w
hile
br
ushi
ng to
oth)
Wat
er is
val
uabl
e re
sour
ces a
nd
need
to u
se e
ffic
ient
ly
Zero
Wai
st:L
et’s
us t
urn
off t
he
taps
that
are
nee
dles
sly
left
runn
ing
Wat
er ta
riff "
Thos
e w
ho h
ave
paid
wat
er ta
riff m
ay u
se w
ater
; ot
hers
may
not
"
Sam
ple
of p
oste
r/ st
icke
r usi
ng in
Ban
glad
esh
-Wat
er ta
riff
-con
serv
atio
n of
wat
er
Als
o ha
ve su
ch k
inds
of p
oste
rs:
-was
h yo
ur h
ands
-cle
an e
nviro
nmen
t (bu
rn o
r dig
dis
posa
l int
o gr
and)
-use
latri
ne
Info
rmat
ion
card
Info
rmat
ion
card
Dem
onst
ratio
n
-Mak
e a
stor
y us
ing
sele
cted
pic
ture
car
d
-Giv
es se
vera
l pic
ture
car
d, a
nd a
sk to
atte
ndan
ts fo
r arr
ange
and
m
ake
stor
y, a
nd p
rese
ntat
ion
to p
eopl
e
Dem
onst
ratio
n
-Exp
lain
goo
d an
d ba
d be
havi
or b
y at
tend
ant
-Sho
w p
ictu
re a
nd a
sk to
atte
ndan
ts th
at b
ehav
ior i
s goo
d or
bad
,an
d w
hy b
ad
Dem
onst
ratio
n
-Exp
lain
goo
d be
havi
or
flexi
flans
Usi
ng fl
exifl
ansa
nd fl
anne
l-gra
phs
The
purp
ose
of th
is e
xerc
ise
is to
faci
litat
e pa
rtici
pant
s to
pres
ent t
heir
view
s on
loca
l iss
ues b
y pi
ctur
es o
r sto
ries u
sing
cut
-out
figu
res o
n a
boar
d. T
he e
xerc
ise
will
als
o he
lp th
e fa
cilit
ator
to
gain
insi
ght i
nto
loca
l vie
ws a
nd p
riorit
ies.
The
figu
res c
an b
e us
ed to
star
t ope
n-en
ded
disc
ussi
ons a
nd a
re e
spec
ially
use
ful i
n w
orki
ng w
ith p
eopl
e w
hodo
not
hav
e lit
erac
y sk
ills t
o gi
ve
a vi
sual
repr
esen
tatio
n of
thei
r vie
ws.
Flex
iflan
sare
pap
er o
r car
d cu
t out
s of h
uman
figu
res w
ith fl
exib
le a
rms,
legs
and
tors
os jo
ined
to
geth
er w
ith se
win
g th
read
or p
ress
stud
s. O
n th
e re
vers
e si
deof
thei
r fee
t, ha
nds a
nd h
eads
they
ha
ve sa
ndpa
per s
tuck
to th
em.
Whe
n th
ey a
re p
lace
d on
a fe
lt or
flann
el c
over
ed b
oard
they
stic
k lo
osel
y to
the
boar
d. T
hey
can
be m
oved
aro
und
the
boar
d an
d m
ade
to d
o di
ffer
ent t
hing
s whi
le
the
pers
on a
djus
ting
them
tells
a st
ory
or il
lust
rate
a p
oint
ofv
iew
. O
ther
pro
ps su
ch a
s cut
out
s of h
ouse
s, an
imal
s tre
es a
nd h
ouse
hold
impl
emen
ts a
re n
eede
d fo
r the
ba
ckgr
ound
con
text
of t
he fi
gure
s. Fl
anne
l-gra
ph fi
gure
s are
use
d in
a si
mila
r way
but
do
not h
ave
the
sam
era
nge
of a
pplic
atio
n as
th
e lim
bs a
re n
ot a
rticu
late
d. T
hey
can
be m
ade
of p
aper
or c
ard
with
sand
pape
r stu
ck to
thei
r re
vers
e si
des t
o us
e on
flan
nel b
oard
s or t
hey
can
be m
ade
of fl
anne
l and
stic
k on
to sa
nd-p
aper
bo
ards
(or b
oard
s pai
nted
with
an
oil-b
ased
pai
nt a
nd c
over
ed w
ith a
thin
laye
r of s
and
whi
le th
e pa
int i
s stil
l stic
ky).
To u
se th
e fle
xifla
nsan
d fla
nnel
-gra
phs e
ffec
tivel
y:•P
rese
nt a
smal
l gro
up o
f par
ticip
ants
with
the
flexi
flan
figur
es.
•Ask
them
to u
se th
e fle
xifla
nfig
ures
as t
hey
like
to te
ll a
stor
y ab
out a
loca
l iss
ue o
r des
crib
e a
poin
t of v
iew
.•E
ncou
rage
dis
cuss
ion
arou
nd th
e is
sues
and
not
prio
rity
them
es a
nd ra
nges
of o
pini
on.
Dem
onst
ratio
n
1. In
form
atio
n of
hyg
iene
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
-Som
etim
es p
rovi
de te
chni
ques
and
kno
wle
dge
to m
ake
cash
cr
eate
-abl
e lo
cal g
oods
usi
ng lo
cal m
ater
ial a
nd sa
fe w
ater
a) C
ocon
ut w
ine:
mad
e fr
om c
ocon
ut ju
ice
com
ing
from
cut
of
coco
nut t
ree
and
ferm
ent f
or o
ne o
r tw
o da
ys u
sing
ver
y cl
ean
pot,
and
bottl
ing.
Usi
ng sa
fe a
nd c
lean
wat
er fo
r was
hing
pot
, too
ls
and
glas
s bot
tle is
ver
y im
porta
nt. B
oilin
g fo
r few
min
utes
to k
ill
germ
, cap
s and
seal
. Per
cent
age
of a
lcoh
ol is
onl
y ar
ound
3%
. But
pl
ease
car
e fo
r ste
riliz
atio
n an
d en
sure
safe
to d
rink.
In m
any
tropi
cal c
ount
ry, p
eopl
e m
ake
spiri
ts fr
om th
is c
ocon
ut w
ine.
b) M
ilk w
ine:
mad
e fr
om fe
rmen
t milk
, lik
e yo
gurt.
But
shou
ld b
e co
ld w
eath
er. I
n M
ongo
lia, t
his d
rink
is fa
mou
s and
cal
led
Kum
is.
I hea
rd so
me
peop
le li
ving
nea
r boa
rder
of T
ibet
als
o m
ake
this
ty
pe o
f drin
k.
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
c) T
amar
ind
juic
e: m
ade
from
seed
of T
amar
ind,
sour
but
swee
t.d)
Sw
eet T
amar
ind:
mad
e fr
om se
ed o
f Tam
arin
d, so
ur b
ut sw
eet.
Som
e pe
ople
add
ed p
eppe
r and
chi
li fo
r hot
and
sour
tast
e. P
ick
up th
e se
ed, w
ash
with
cle
an a
nd sa
fe w
ater
, and
dry
kee
p av
oidi
ng c
onta
min
atio
n by
inse
ct. I
n Ph
ilipp
ines
, peo
ple
mak
e dr
y co
verin
g ne
t for
kee
p av
oidi
ng in
sect
.-P
leas
e m
ake
such
pro
duct
s afte
r mas
ter t
echn
ique
s of s
teril
izat
ion
perf
ectly
. I d
on’t
know
in N
epal
, but
nor
mal
ly I
got s
uppo
rt by
JI
CA
exp
ert o
f foo
d pr
oces
sing
, or l
ocal
exp
ert o
f foo
d pr
oces
sing
w
hom
teac
hing
food
pro
cess
ing
for f
acul
ty o
f agr
icul
ture
in th
e un
iver
sity
. I h
ope
you
can
also
get
ass
ista
nce
from
such
pr
ofes
sion
al.
1. T
rain
ing
mat
eria
l for
adu
lts
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f tra
inin
g m
ater
ial f
or a
dults
2. D
evel
opm
ent o
f tra
inin
g m
ater
ial f
or a
dults
-Dev
elop
stor
y bo
ard
(like
stor
yboa
rd fo
r sch
ool k
ids)
1) D
ecid
e ta
rget
gro
up (w
omen
’s g
roup
)
2) S
elec
t top
ics i
nclu
ding
stor
y bo
ard
3) A
rran
ge se
quen
ce a
nd st
ory
stre
amlin
e
4) D
raw
pic
ture
s and
add
ed sh
ort e
xpla
natio
n
5) E
dit a
nd m
ake
trial
pre
sent
atio
n
6) R
evie
w a
nd d
iscu
ss fo
r im
prov
ing
