Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers – Name des Produkts

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATIONas per ISO 14025 and EN 15804

Owner of the Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V.

Programme holder Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)

Publisher Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)

Declaration number EPD-DBC-20140008-IAE1-EN

Issue date 08.01.2014

Valid to 07.01.2019

Concrete admixtures – RetardersDeutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC)

www.bau-umwelt.com / https://epd-online.com

2 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

1. General Information

Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) Concrete admixtures – RetardersProgramme holderIBU - Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr. 110178 BerlinGermany

Owner of the DeclarationDeutsche Bauchemie e.V.Mainzer Landstr. 5560329 Frankfurt

Declaration numberEPD-DBC-20140008-IAE1-EN

Declared product / Declared unit1 kg, density: 1 - 1.6 kg/l

This Declaration is based on the Product Category Rules:Concrete additives, 01-2014(PCR tested and approved by the independent expert committee)

Issue date08.01.2014

Valid to07.01.2019

Scope:This validated Declaration entitles the holder to bear the symbol of the Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. It exclusively applies for the product groups referred to for plants in Germany and for a period of five years from the date of issue. It involves an association EPD where the product displaying the highest environmental impact in a group was selected for calculating the Life Cycle Assessment. Please refer to the Association's homepage for the members of Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. The following applies for individualised EPDs. This EPD is based on the sample declaration [EPD-DBC-number data base system]. The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information and evidence; the IBU shall not be liable with respect to manufacturer information, life cycle assessment data and evidences.Verification

The CEN Norm EN 15804 serves as the core PCRIndependent verification of the declaration

according to ISO 14025Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst J. Bossenmayer(President of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.) internally x externally

Dr. Burkhart Lehmann(Managing Director IBU)

Matthias Schulz(Independent tester appointed by SVA)

2. Product

2.1 Product descriptionAdmixtures are liquid or powdery agents that are introduced in small amounts (< 5% by mass of the cement content) to concrete while it is being mixed and that enhance the properties of the freshly poured and/or hardened concrete.

Retarders are admixtures which extend the time to the mixture’s transition from the plastic to the hardened state.The product displaying the most environmental impacts was applied as a representative product for calculating the Life Cycle Assessment results.

2.2 ApplicationConcrete admixtures are used as base materials for the production of concrete (unreinforced concrete, reinforced and prestressed concrete, site-mixed and ready-mixed concrete, precast concrete). Application in line with the manufacturer's technical documents and Declaration of Performance

2.3 Technical DataRetarders must comply with the general requirements of EN 934-1:2008 and the additional requirements of EN 934-2:2009, Table 8.

The corresponding requirements in line with EN 934-1:2008 “Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 1: Common aspects” and EN 934-2:2009 “Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 2: Concrete admixtures – Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling” must be maintained.

3 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

2.4 Placing on the market / Application rulesEuropean Parliament and Council Directive (EU) No. 305/2011 dated 9 March 2011 applies for placing on the market in Germany. The products require a Declaration of Performance and CE marking taking consideration EN 934-2:2009 “Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 2: Concrete admixtures – Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling”. The respective national guidelines apply for use of the products in the EU/EFTA. In Germany, the application rules are included in EN 206-1:2005 and DIN 1045-2:2008.

2.5 Delivery statusLiquid, pasty or powder in containers made of tinplate or plastic. Retarders are usually supplied in liquid form.Typical container sizes are canisters containing approx. 25 kg, vats with approx. 200 kg or IBC containers with 1,000 kg.For larger applications, loose deliveries in tank trucks with a capacity in excess of 1 tonne are also used.An average plastic container was analysed for the LCA.

2.6 Base materials / Ancillary materials The raw materials most frequently used for retarders in Germany are: sucrose, gluconates, phosphates, lignin sulphonates. Preservatives are added as minor components and auxiliaries.Retarders are aqueous solutions of the raw materials referred to above or aqueous solutions of the above raw material mixes. Active substance concentration lies between 10 and 30% by mass. The typical dosage of retarders lies between 0.2 and 2.0% by mass in relation to the cement weight.On average, the products covered by this EPD contain the following volumes of base materials and auxiliaries referred to:Sucrose*: max. 20%Gluconates*: max. 30%Phosphates*: max. 60%Lignin sulphonates*: max. 40%Phosphonic acid*: max. 10%Additives: max. 0.2%Water: approx. 40-98%*Solid contentThese volumes are average values and the composition of products complying with the EPD can deviate from these concentration levels in individual cases.Small volumes of biocides (< 0.5% by mass) are used in concrete admixtures along with functional chemical groups such as isathiozolinon or dioxahexan.More detailed information is available in the respective manufacturer's documentation (e.g. product data sheets, safety data sheets).Unless indicated on the safety data sheet, concrete admixtures do not contain any substances in concentrations of more than 0.1% which are included in the list of materials of particularly high concern for inclusion in Annex XIV of the REACH regulation.No flame retardants are used in the concrete admixtures.2.7 ManufactureThe concrete admixtures are usually mixed together from the ingredients in batch mode and filled or packed into the containers, whereby quality standards to the specifications outlined in EN 934-6:2001 “Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 6: Sampling, conformity control and evaluation of conformity”, poss. DIN EN ISO 9001 and the conditions of relevant regulations such as the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health or the Pollution Control Act are observed.

2.8 Environment and health during manufacturing

As a general rule, no other environmental or health protection measures other than those specified by law are necessary.

4 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

2.9 Product processing/InstallationDuring the production of concrete, concrete admixtures are usually added along with the mixing water or premixed concrete. Whereby health and safety measures (eye protection, hand protection, poss. respiratory equipment and body protection) are to be taken and consistently adhered to in accordance with the information on the safety data sheet and conditions on site.On account of their composition, concrete admixtures are allocated to the GISBAU Information Product Codes BZM 1, 2 or 3.

2.10 PackagingReusable containers are taken back by the manufacturer and redirected into the production circuit. Empty plastic or tinplate containers which can no longer be used are recyclable. Wooden reusable pallets are taken back by the manufacturer or building material trade (reusable pallets remunerated in the German deposit system) who return them to the building product manufacturer redirecting them into the production process.

2.11 Condition of useDuring the use phase, concrete admixtures are firmly bound in the cement matrix in hardened concrete. As base materials for concrete, concrete admixtures make an essential contribution towards its durability, function and conservation of value.

2.12 Environment and health during useDuring the use phase, concrete admixtures are firmly bound in the cement matrix in hardened concrete.No risks are known for water, air and soil if the products are used as designated

2.13 Reference service lifeNot of relevance

2.14 Extraordinary effects

FireNot relevant as this is a preliminary product declaration

WaterNot relevant as this is a preliminary product declaration

Mechanical destructionNot relevant as this is a preliminary product declaration

2.15 Re-use phaseNot relevant as this is a preliminary product declaration

2.16 DisposalEmpty, dried containers are directed to the recycling process.Residue must be directed to proper waste disposal taking consideration of local guidelines.The following EWC/AVV waste codes can apply: Product residue:060314 Solid salts and solutions with the exception of those covered by 060311* and 060313*060499 Waste not otherwise referred to

2.17 Further informationMore information is available in the manufacturers' product or safety data sheets on the manufacturers' Web sites or on request. More detailed technical information can also be found on the Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (www.deutsche-bauchemie.de).

3. LCA: Calculation rules

3.1 Declared UnitThe association EPD refers to the declared unit of 1 kg concrete admixture with a density of 1 - 1.6 kg/l in accordance with the PCR Part B for concrete admixtures. The product displaying the most environmental impacts was applied as a representative product for calculating the Life Cycle Assessment results. 3.2 System boundaryModules A1, A2 and A3 are taken into consideration in the LCA:

A1 Production of preliminary products

A2 Transport to the plant

A3 Production incl. provision of energy, production of packaging as well as auxiliaries and consumables and waste treatment

The Declaration is therefore from the “cradle to plant gate”.

3.3 Estimates and assumptionsWhere no specific GaBi processes were available, the individual recipe ingredients of formulae were estimated on the basis of information provided by the manufacturer or literary sources.

3.4 Cut-off criteriaNo cut-off criteria were applied for calculating the LCA. All raw materials submitted for the formulae were taken into consideration.The manufacture of machinery, plants and other infrastructure required for production of the products under review was not taken into consideration in the LCA.

3.5 Background dataData from the GaBi 6 data base was used as background data. Where no background data was available, it was supplemented by manufacturer information and literary research.

3.6 Data qualityRepresentative products were applied for this sample EPD and the product in a group displaying the highest environmental impact was applied for calculating the LCA results. The data sets are no more than 4 years old.Production data and packaging are based on details provided by the manufacturer. The formulation used for evaluation refers to a specific product.

5 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

3.7 Period under reviewRepresentative formulations were compiled by Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. in 2011.

3.8 AllocationNo allocations were applied for production.Production waste for disposal was however directed to a refuse incineration plant. After incineration, credits were established for electrical and thermal energy.

3.9 ComparabilityBasically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the data sets to be compared were created according to /EN 15804/ and the building context, respectively the product-specific characteristics of performance, are taken into account. In this case, 1 kg concrete admixture was selected as the declared unit. Depending on the application, a corresponding conversion factor such as the specific unit area must be taken into consideration.

4. LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information

In accordance with the PCR Part A, no scenarios are indicated as only Modules A1-A3 are declared.

6 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

5. LCA: Results

DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY (X = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE NOT DECLARED)

PRODUCT STAGECONSTRUCTION PROCESS

STAGEUSE STAGE END OF LIFE STAGE

BENEFITS AND LOADS

BEYOND THE SYSTEM

BOUNDARYS

Raw

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Use

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A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D

X X X MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND

RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: 1 kg retarderParameter Unit A1 - A3

Global warming potential [kg CO2-Eq.] 1.44E+0Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer [kg CFC11-Eq.] 3.86E-10

Acidification potential of land and water [kg SO2-Eq.] 8.87E-3Eutrophication potential [kg (PO4)3-- Eq.] 4.64E-4

Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical oxidants [kg Ethen Eq.] 5.74E-4Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources [kg Sb Eq.] 5.89E-6

Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources [MJ] 2.48E+1RESULTS OF THE LCA - RESOURCE USE: 1 kg retarder

Parameter Unit A1 - A3

Renewable primary energy as energy carrier [MJ] 1.84E+0Renewable primary energy resources as material utilization [MJ] 0.0E+0

Total use of renewable primary energy resources [MJ] 1.84E+0Non renewable primary energy as energy carrier [MJ] 2.73E+1

Non renewable primary energy as material utilization [MJ] 0.0E+0Total use of non renewable primary energy resources [MJ] 2.73E+1

Use of secondary material [kg] 0.0E+0Use of renewable secondary fuels [MJ] 1.19E-3

Use of non renewable secondary fuels [MJ] 8.01E-3Use of net fresh water [m³] 4.23E-3

RESULTS OF THE LCA – OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES: 1 kg retarder

Parameter Unit A1 - A3

Hazardous waste disposed [kg] 2.61E-3Non hazardous waste disposed [kg] 1.62E+0

Radioactive waste disposed [kg] 1.03E-3Components for re-use [kg] -Materials for recycling [kg] -

Materials for energy recovery [kg] -Exported electrical energy [MJ] -Exported thermal energy [MJ] -

6. LCA: Interpretation

The greatest share of non-renewable primary energy resources is necessitated by the manufacture of preliminary products. This is attributable to the fact that almost exclusively preliminary products from fossil raw materials are involved which are usually associated with energy-intensive manufacturing processes. The primary energy carriers used are natural gas and crude oil, whereby approx. > 90% of the non-renewable primary energy is required for manufacturing the preliminary products. This > 90% is almost exclusively used for manufacturing the main preliminary product. The remaining ~10% of fossil primary energy resources are required for actual manufacturing.At approx. 6% (of total primary energy), the percentage of renewable primary energy is low. The renewable share of the power mix is particularly apparent in the provision of the raw materials, whereby the use of

wooden pallets in packaging also has an impact. Solar energy is required for photosynthesis during wood growth which is therefore noted here as a renewable source of primary energy.The Global Warming Potential (GWP) is dominated by the production of preliminary products (> 90%), whereby the main active component with a mass percentage of approx. 40% of the formulation is almost exclusively responsible for the emissions as the two other components, i.e. water and additives hardly have any influence on the GWP. Manufacturing causes approx. 10% of the GWP which is primarily attributable to electricity consumption.In terms of the Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), it is apparent that the two influencing factors are also mainly necessitated by the preliminary products (> 85%).

7 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

The Acidification Potential (AP) is primarily caused by sulphur dioxide (82%) and nitric oxides (16%) which are in turn primarily incurred during manufacturing of the preliminary products (> 95%). i.e. necessitated by electricity production during manufacturing.

The Eutrification Potential (EP) is attributable to > 85% emissions into the air (nitric oxides) during the manufacture of preliminary products.The Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) is dominated by manufacturing of the main agent (~ 95%), whereby sulphur dioxide plays the greatest role (approx. 50%).

7. Requisite evidence

As this involves a declaration of preliminary products, special tests and evidence within the framework of

drawing up this sample Environmental Product Declaration have not been carried out or provided.

8. References

DIN EN ISO 9001:2008

Quality management systems – Requirements (ISO 9001:2008)

GaBi 6 software & documentation Data base for Life Cycle Engineering LBP, University of Stuttgart and PE International, documentation of GaBi 6 data sets http://documentation.gabi-software.com/, 2013

EN 196-2: 2005

Test methods for cement – Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement

EN 934-1:2008

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 1: Common aspects

EN 934-2:2009+A1:2012

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 2: Concrete admixtures – Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling

EN 934-5:2007

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 5: Admixtures for sprayed concrete – Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling

EN 934-6:2001+A1:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Part 6: Sampling, conformity control and evaluation of conformity

EN 12350-2:2009

Testing fresh concrete – Part 2: Slump test

EN 12390-3:2009

Testing hardened concrete – Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens

EN 12350-5:2009

Testing fresh concrete – Part 5: Flow table test

EN 12350-7:2009

Testing fresh concrete – Part 7: Air content – Pressure methods

EN 480-1:2006+A1:2011

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 1: Reference concrete and reference mortar for testing

EN 480-2:2006

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 2: Determination of setting time

EN 480-4:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 4: Determination of bleeding of concrete

EN 480-5:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 5: Determination of capillary absorptionEN 480-6:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 6: Infra red analysis

EN 480-8:2012

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 8: Determination of the conventional dry material content

EN 480-10:2009

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 10: Determination of water-soluble chloride content

EN 480-11:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 11: Determination of air void characteristics in hardened concrete

EN 480-12:2005

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 12: Determination of the alkali content of admixtures

8 Environmental Product Declaration Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. (DBC) – Concrete admixtures – Retarders

EN 480-14:2006

Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test methods – Part 14: Determination of the effect on corrosion susceptibility of reinforcing steel by potentiostatic electro-chemical test

GISBAU information

Product code BZM 1 (version 01/2013)

Product code BZM 2 (version 01/2013)

Product code BZM 3 (version 01/2013)

(Hazardous Substances Information System of the employers' liability insurance associations for the building trade)

EN 206-1/A2:2005

Concrete – Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity

DIN 1045-2:2008

Concrete, reinforced and prestressed structures – Part 2: Concrete – Specification, properties, production and conformity – Application rules for DIN EN 206-1

EN 14487-1:2005

Sprayed concrete – Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity

DIN 18551:2010

Shotcrete - National rules for series DIN EN 14487 and rules for design of shotcrete constructions

ISO 758:1976

Liquid chemical products for industrial purposes; Determination of density at 20 °C

ISO 4316:1977

Surface active agents; Determination of the pH value of aqueous solutions; Potentiometric method

State-of-the-art Report “Concrete admixtures and the Environment” (5th edition, May 2011)

Deutsche Bauchemie e.V.

DAfStb

DAfStb explanations on the current regulations governing the environmental compatibility of concrete, 14 December 2010

http://www.dafstb.de/akt_umweltvertraeglichkeit_beton.html

Building Regulation List B, Part 1

Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik: Building Regulation List A, Building Regulation Lists B and C, Building Regulation List B, Part 1, consec. no. 1.1.2.1 “Concrete admixtures”, 2013-04

http://www.dibt.de/de/Geschaeftsfelder/data/BRL_2013_1.pdf

List of Technical Building Regulations

DIBt (pub.): List of Technical Building Regulations, http://www.dibt.de/de/Geschaeftsfelder/GF-BRL-TB.html, 2012-09

REACH Directive

European Parliament and Council: Directive on registering, evaluating, approving and restricting chemical substances, 2006-12

EWC/AVV waste code

Directive governing introduction of the European Waste Cataloguehttp://www.ngs-mbh.de/zs/eak.htmlInstitut Bauen und UmweltInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin (pub.):Generation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs);

General principlesfor the EPD range of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU), 2013-04www.bau-umwelt.de

PCR Part AInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Königswinter (pub.): Product Category Rules for Construction Products from the range of Environmental Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Background Report. April 2013www.bau-umwelt.de

ISO 14025DIN EN ISO 14025:2011-10: Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures

EN 15804EN 15804:2012-04+A1 2013: Sustainability of construction works — Environmental Product Declarations — Core rules for the product category of construction products

PublisherInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr. 110178 BerlinGermany

Tel +49 (0)30 3087748- 0Fax +49 (0)30 3087748- 29Mail info@bau-umwelt.comWeb www.bau-umwelt.com

Programme holderInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr 110178 BerlinGermany

Tel +49 (0)30 - 3087748- 0Fax +49 (0)30 – 3087748 - 29Mail info@bau-umwelt.comWeb www.bau-umwelt.com

Author of the Life Cycle AssessmentPE INTERNATIONAL AGHauptstraß2 11170771 Leinfelden-EchterdingenGermany

Tel +49(0)711 3418 17-0Fax +49(0)711 3418 17-25Mail info@pe-international.comWeb www.pe-international.com

Owner of the DeclarationDeutsche Bauchemie e.V.Mainzer Landstrasse 5560329 FrankfurtGermany

Tel +49 (0)69 2556-1318Fax +49 (0)69 2556-1319Mail info@deutsche-bauchemie.deWeb www.deutsche-bauchemie.de