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EXPLANATION TEXT

WHY DO AURORASHAPPEN

Created by:Roaliyah XII Sciece !

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Aurora is an electro-static

phenomenon, characterised by abright glow and caused by thecollision of charged particles in themagnetosphere with atoms in the

Earth’s upper atmosphere.

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Ultimately, the source lies in the

solar wind, a fast-moving stream ofparticles constantly owing from theSun that carries the Sun’s magneticeld out into space. !he solar wind,typically moving at "#$ miles %&$$'ilometers( per second, ows pastEarth’s magnetic eld and molds it

into an elongated bubble or cavity,compressing its sunward side andstretching its night side far beyond

the )oon’s orbit.

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Under certain conditions, the solarwind’s magnetic eld can merge withEarth’s, creating electrical currents

that drive protons and electrons intothe polar atmosphere. *owerful

events occurring on the Sun can driveenormous changes in the solar wind,increasing both its speed and density

and enhancing its e+ect on Earth.

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An aurora is usually observed inthe night s'y, particularly in thepolar one. or this latter reason,

some scientists call it a polar

aurora/ %aurora polaris(.Aurora 0oloured light in the nights'y near the Earth’s magnetic

poles, called aurora borealis%northern lights( in the northernhemisphere and aurora australis

%southern lights( in the southern

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1orthern lights is the name of a light

phenomenon often seen in thenorthern regions. !he lights havebeen around since Earth formed anatmosphere !he scientic name forthe phenomenon is Aurora3orealis/, aurora for short.

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 !he southern lights or aurora

australis, most commonly seen insouthern 1ew 4ealand. 5t shows atypical red and green aurora, the

nearly vertical rays tracing theearth’s magnetic eld lines.