extra-yds-deneme-sinavi-4

1. - 16. sorularda, cmlede bobraklan yerlere uygun den szckya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. Human childhood is a ---- period ofcomplex development during which ahelpless infant becomes an adolescent..

A) remarkableB) redundantC) progressiveD) contemporaryE) relevant

2. Language learning can ---- in interestingways across different societies andcultural settings..

A) divide B) distract C) varyD) tendE) dismay

3. In Central Africa, the rains are ----abundant in the southern regions, butthey are reduced to a single very shortperiod in the central zone and disappearalmost completely in the extreme north..

A) reluctantlyB) appropriatelyC) scarcelyD) solelyE) relatively

4. UNICEF is deeply committed to creatinga world in which all children, regardlessof their gender or socioeconomicbackground, have ---- to free,compulsory and quality education..

A) accessB) dedicationC) insightD) addictionE) tendency

5. By mapping equatorial rainfall since 800AD, scientists have ---- how tropicalweather may change over the nextcentury..

A) taken outB) put asideC) brought downD) figured outE) counted upon

6. More than 40 percent of men showsigns of baldness between the ages of20 and 49, but studies on genomes ofthis group have failed to ---- a potentialcure..

A) look up toB) run out ofC) do away withD) cut down onE) come up with

7. Many observers predict that as China ----to open itself, state control ----..

A) has continued / had easedB) continues / will easeC) continued / could have easedD) will continue / has easedE) had continued / may have eased

8. Investigations by modern doctors ----that Catherine the Great of Russia ----from syphilis..

A) have suggested / has sufferedB) suggest / sufferedC) had suggested / was sufferingD) may have suggested / would have

sufferedE) suggested / suffers

9. In 1989, Jennifer Johnson of Sanford,Florida, ----the first woman ---- oftransferring cocaine to her unborn babythrough the umbilical cord..

A) was becoming / having been convictedB) has become / to convictC) would become / to be convictingD) became / to be convictedE) had become / convicting

10. The volume of global trade ---- May 2010has been reported to be 15 per cent ----that of May 2009..

A) before / withoutB) of / forC) at / beyondD) until / afterE) in / above

11. New parents may be amazed when theirbaby, even ---- the first moments of life,lies ---- eyes wide open, seeminglyexamining them and other objects in theroom..

A) from / acrossB) at / forC) on / byD) in / withE) through / of

12. The ruins of ancient Troy ---- as breath-taking as those of Ephesus orAphrodisias, but, for anyone who hasever read Homers Iliad or Odys sey,they have a romance few places on Earth----..

A) have not been / hoped to have matchedB) had not been / would hope to matchC) may not be / can hope to matchD) are not / hoped to matchE) could not have been / hope to match

13. The two men walked back to the villagetogether, but ---- of them spoke..

A) anyB) eitherC) someD) neitherE) the other

14. ---- does geology provide a betterunderstanding of the Earths evolutionand its present features, but it alsoserves society in a variety of practicalways..

A) EitherB) SoC) Not onlyD) So long asE) Not once

15. All efforts by the Chinese government toeliminate the most widespread parasiticinfection in the country failed, ---- a newdrug arrived in the 1980s that was saidto be highly effective incontrolling thedisease..

A) just asB) so thatC) in caseD) even afterE) whereby

16. ---- the source of energy for nuclearpower plants and weapons can be thesame, a typical nuclear power plant doesnot contain enough fissionable materialin high enough concentration to producea nuclear explosion..

A) AlthoughB) WhenC) IfD) Just asE) In case

17. - 21. sorularda, aadaki paradanumaralanm yerlere uygun denszck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The English Revolution of 1688, confirming thatParliament had power (17)---- the king, meant, ineconomic terms, the supremacy of the moreaffluent classes. From 1688 to 1832, the Britishgovernment was (18)---- in the hands of thelandowners. The result was a thoroughtransformation of farming, an AgriculturalRevolution without which the IndustrialRevolution (19)----. Many landowners beganexperimenting with improved methods ofcultivation and stock raising. They made moreuse of fertilizers(20)---- introducing newequipment such as horse-hoes and drill seeders.Further improvement required an investment ofcapital, which was impossible (21)---- the soilwas cultivated by numerous poor and custom-bound small farmers.

17. .

A) withinB) alongC) intoD) toE) over

18. .

A) primarilyB) delicatelyC) diligentlyD) thoughtfullyE) inquisitively

19. .

A) need not have occurredB) should not have occurredC) shall not have occurredD) could not have occurredE) will not have occurred

20. .

A) opposite ofB) besidesC) because ofD) as regardsE) at least

21. .

A) only ifB) as much asC) so long asD) as thoughE) however

22. - 26. sorularda, aadaki paradanumaralanm yerlere uygun denszck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Skiing is a winter sport which first requiressitting on a chair lift at -5C with a wind chillfactor of -40C, thus making even (22)----devoted fans wonder why they are not sitting ona beach. As any skier will tell you, it is all (23)----fear or going beyond. At a certain speed, thethrills (24)---- the fear. Thrills, in fact, (25)----why people love skiing. Then, there is thescenery. Skiers often speak of how wonderfulsights ski resorts offer to people. (26)---- it istrue that many people are so busy concentratingon tree avoidance that the bigger picture isoften missed, few pleasures measure up to thefeeling of exhilaration after a steep descent.

22. .

A) the mostB) allC) fewerD) the onlyE) rather

23. .

A) acrossB) towardsC) aboutD) withoutE) through

24. .

A) has been overcomingB) overcomeC) were overcomingD) overcameE) had overcome

25. .

A) perceiveB) concealC) abandonD) explainE) restrict

26. .

A) WhileB) Only ifC) UntilD) Now thatE) Unless

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cmleyiuygun ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyibulunuz.

27. Nationalism first gained strength inmany places around the world as part ofthe reaction against strict monarchy, ----..

A) since the new national patriots demandedthe recognition of nationalism as apolitical philosophy

B) whereas political scientists studied variousforms of romanticism, republicanism andliberalism

C) because intellectuals found it necessary todefine the idea of nationality itself

D) but it also drew its power from specificcultural traditions and social norms ineach country

E) therefore preoccupation with politicsrevealed itself in the ideology of manyancient philosophers

28. ----, you can work on extinguishing anyundesirable behaviours.

A) Unless you proceed to the interviewersoffice for your interview

B) Although previous work experience issought by almost all employers nowadays

C) Once you are able to see yourselfinteracting with others

D) Whereas there is much to be learnedabout human nature in general

E) Just as any communicative event requiresat least one person to be around

29. Many scientists maintain thatsusceptibility to autism is inherited, ----..

A) as certain autistic individuals displayincredible talents in very specific domains

B) whether there is a connection betweenthe illness and newly discovered class ofnerve cells

C) so an autistic child prefers to be alone andresists change

D) whereas environmental risk factors alsoseem to play a role in the development ofthe disease

E) once physicians have developed betterways to diagnose and successfully treatthe disorder

30. ----, the only way to succeed in researchand technological development is towork together..

A) Because the EU has continental dimensionand characteristics

B) When harsh economic times make itrather tough to find funds

C) Though developing relationships withneighbouring and distant countries isimportant

D) Whereas some cities have been a magnetfor merchants and explorers

E) Even if the global food demand is forecastto rise very soon

31. All developed countries governmentsare worried about unemployment, ----..

A) so that demand for labour is derived fromthe demand for the product

B) if some employers pay good wagesbecause of market forces

C) and there is a good deal of internationaldiscussion about it

D) so investment in new technology makespeople more productive

E) even if employers must be able to reducethe number of people they employ

32. Although some people are happy to headoff into the mountains alone, ----..

A) it is advisable to hire a local who knowsthe paths

B) the Kakars are becoming increasinglyvisited for their trekking opportunities

C) you should bring a good quality tent,stove and sleeping bag

D) most of them arent aware that goodpersonal hygiene is quite important in thewild

E) measuring a distance on the map is veryimportant for estimating the length of awalk

33. Although the number of religiousCatholics in Italy has been decreasing inrecent years, ----..

A) a great majority of Italians haveabandoned their traditional beliefs

B) the Vatican is an autonomous entity in thecapital Rome

C) Catholicism has a highly doctrinal andorganizational structure

D) Italian society is still traditional andattached to its religious values

E) the Catholic Church is one of the threemain branches of Christianity

34. Seeing the Genoese colony in Istanbul asa window to the world, ----..

A) the Ottoman sultans maintained peaceand harmony among their subjects

B) they remained neutral during the siege ofIstanbul

C) Mehmet the Conqueror gave themextensive commercial privileges

D) their expectation of autonomy was notfulfilled

E) they gained commercial concessions asearly as the twelfth century

35. Whether you go to the supermarkets anddepartment stores in France, or seek outthe many small specialist shops, ----..

A) markets can be found in towns andvillages all over France

B) you will be tempted by the stylishpresentation and high quality of the goodson offer

C) France is especially renowned for its wine,with a vast selection available

D) French regional specialities can be boughtoutside their area of origin

E) Provence, in the south, prides itself on thequality of its olive oil

36. When people do not have insurance toobtain health care, ----..

A) this reluctance has consequences for themanagement of their diseases

B) they are less likely to have regularmedical attention and more likely to havea chronic health problem

C) they need to be regularly checked for anyserious disorder

D) they have a wide experience of receivinghealth care, from the time they arechildren to the time they are adults

E) medical dominance began to decline andother types of health care providersbecame more prominent

37. - 42. sorularda, verilen ngilizcecmleye anlamca en yakn Trkecmleyi, Trke cmleye anlamca enyakn ngilizce cmleyi bulunuz.

37. Most of the fears that we had when wewere children are actually quiteprofound, but as we grow older andbecome more self-sufficient, the realityof fears diminishes..

A) ocukken yaadmz korkularn ou,aslnda olduka derindir ancak byypkendimize daha fazla yeter hle geldikekorkularn gereklii azalr.

B) ocukken aslnda ok derin birok korkuyaarz fakat byyp daha ok kendimizeyettike bu korkular gerekliini yitirir.

C) ocukken yaadmz korkularn ou,aslnda olduka derin boyuttadr ancakbyyp kendimize daha fazla yetenbireyler hline geldiimizde bu korkularzamanla ortadan kalkar.

D) ocukken yaanlan korkularn ou,aslnda olduka derindir fakat kendimizeyetecek kadar bydmzde bukorkular gerekliini kaybeder.

E) ocukken yaadmz korkularn ou,aslnda olduka derin olsa da byypkendimize daha fazla yettike bu korkulargerek olmaktan uzaklar.

38. Specialists suggest that patients whocomplain about joint pains stemming fromcalcification should take short walksregularly or apply to alternative medicinemethods like hydrotherapy..

A) Uzmanlar, planl bir ekilde ksa yryleryapmann veya su tedavisi gibi alternatif tpyntemlerine bavurmann, hastalarnkirelenme yznden yakndklar eklemarlarn ortadan kaldrdn dile getiriyor.

B) Uzmanlar, hastalar kirelenmenin yol ateklem arlarndan yakndklarnda onlara sksk ksa yryler yapmalarn veya sutedavisi gibi alternatif tp yntemlerinebavurmalarn tavsiye ediyor.

C) Uzmanlarn, kirelenmenin neden olduueklem arlarndan yaknan hastalara tavsiyeettikleri ey, belirli aralklarla ksa yryleryapmalar veya su tedavisi gibi alternatif tpyntemlerine bavurmalardr.

D) Uzmanlar, kirelenmeden dolay eklem arlarolan hastalara, bu arlardan daha fazlayaknmamalar iin sk sk ksa yryleryapmalarn veya su tedavisi gibi alternatif tpyntemlerine bavurmalarn tavsiye ediyor.

E) Uzmanlar, kirelenmeden kaynaklanan eklemarlarndan yaknan hastalara, dzenli olarakksa yryler yapmalarn veya su tedavisigibi alternatif tp yntemlerine bavurmalarntavsiye ediyor.

39. Todays scientists are able to generategenetically modified animals with newtraits, such as the ability to resistdisease, and they use cloning techniquesto reproduce these genetically modifiedanimals..

A) Gnmzde, hastalklara direngstermek gibi yeni zellikleri olangenetii deitirilmi hayvanlar retebilenbilim adamlar, bu hayvanlar klonlamateknikleri kullanarak oaltabilmektedir.

B) Gnmz bilim adamlar, hastalklaradiren gsterme yetenei gibi yenizellikleri olan genetii deitirilmihayvanlar retebilmekte ve bu genetiideitirilmi hayvanlar oaltmak iinklonlama teknikleri kullanmaktadrlar.

C) Gnmz bilim adamlarnn amac,hastalklara diren gstermek gibi yenizellikleri olan genetii deitirilmihayvanlar retmek ve bu genetiideitirilmi hayvanlar oaltmak iinklonlama teknikleri kullanmaktr.

D) Gnmz bilim adamlarnn, hastalklaradiren gstermek gibi yeni zellikleri olangenetii deitirilmi hayvanlar retmeninyan sra, genetii deitirilmi hayvanlarklonlama teknikleri kullanarak oalttklarbilinmektedir.

E) Gnmz bilim adamlar, gerekhastalklara diren gstermek gibi yenizellikleri olan hayvanlar retebilmekte,gerekse genetii deitirilmi dier bazhayvanlar klonlama teknikleri kullanarakoaltabilmektedirler.

40. Avrupa Parlamentosu, her be ylda birseilen 626 yeden oluur ve yelii iinlke nfusu temel alnr..

A) The European Parliament, consisting of626 members elected every five years,bases its membership on countrypopulation.

B) Made up of 626 members whose electionis based on country population, theEuropean Parliament convenes once everyfive years.

C) The European Parliament is comprised of626 members elected every five years,and country population is taken as thebasis for its membership.

D) Every five years, the 626 members whomake up the European Parliament areelected to represent the population ofeach country.

E) Country population forms the basis formembership in the European Parliament,whose 626 members are elected everyfive years.

41. Uyku salkl kalmamz iin gereklidir,fakat bunun neden byle olduu ya datam olarak nasl iledii henz btnyleanlalmamtr..

A) Sleeping for us to stay healthy is ourrequirement, yet why this has happenedlike this or just how it is managed hasntbeen able to be understood yet.

B) It is still not possible to fully understandwhy this happened or the exactfunctioning of it, but for us to stay healthy,sleep is necessary.

C) That sleep must be performed by us forour health to continue is true, but thecause of this and the exact works of thisare not fully understood yet.

D) We have found it necessary to sleep forkeeping our health, but the fullunderstanding of the reason for its beingthis way or the exact management of itcouldnt be reached yet.

E) Sleep is necessary in order for us to stayhealthy, but why this is so or exactly howit works cannot yet be fully understood.

42. Bilimadamlar, Hiroimaya bomba atanuan yok olmaktan kurtulmak iin,patlamadan en az 14 km uzakta olmuolmas gerektiini hesapladlar. .

A) Since the aircraft that dropped the bombon Hiroshima was unharmed by the blastit must, in the opinion of variousscientists, have been more than 14 kmaway.

B) Scientists wanted the aircraft thatdropped the bomb on Hiroshima to be at adistance of at least 14 km from theexplosion and so be out of danger.

C) Scientists are of the opinion that theaircraft that dropped the bomb onHiroshima would have been destroyed inthe blast if it had been less than 14 kmaway.

D) Scientists calculated that the aircraft thatdropped the bomb on Hiroshima musthave been at least 14 km away from theblast so as not to be destroyed.

E) Scientists have established the fact thatthe aircraft that dropped the bomb onHiroshima escaped destruction because itgot a full 14 km away before the explosionoccurred.

43. - 46. sorular aadaki parayagre cevaplaynz.

Farmers in many countries utilize antibiotics intwo key ways: at full strength to treat animalsthat are sick and in low doses to fatten meat-producing livestock or toprevent veterinaryillnesses. Although even the proper use ofantibiotics can inadvertently lead to the spreadof drug resistant bacteria, the habit of using alow dose is a formula for disaster: the treatmentprovides just enough antibiotic to kill some butnot all bacteria. The germs that survive aretypically those that happen to bear geneticmutations for resisting the antibiotic. They thenreproduce and exchange genes with othermicrobial resisters. As bacteria are foundliterally everywhere, resistant strains producedin animal seventually find their way into peopleas well. You could not design a better system forguaranteeing the spread of antibiotic resistance.To cease the spread, Denmark enforced tighterrules on the use of antibiotics in the raisingofpoultry and other farm animals. The lesson isthat improving animal husbandry making surethat pens, stalls and cages are properly cleanedand giving animals more room or time to mature offsets the initial negative impact of limitingantibiotic use.

43. It is understood from the passage that ----..

A) farmers mainly prefer using antibiotics asa preventive measure for diseases

B) antibiotics are merely useful in treatingthe contagious diseases of farm animals

C) continuous and heavy doses of antibioticsare crucial for poultry

D) antibiotics are so far the only effectivemethod to fatten up meat-producinganimals

E) poultry prices are affected by the spreadof contagious diseases

44. It is implied in the passage that ----..

A) widespread use of antibiotics is intended toeliminate the chances of a possible pandemic

B) using a low dose antibiotic compared to aheavy dose is highly recommended for farmers

C) human beings should test the efficacy of usingantibiotics on other animals before using themon poultry

D) increased antibiotic resistance in human beingsis due to the consumption of animal productswith antibiotic content

E) antibiotic resistance in poultry animals has ledscientists to find alternative solutions to fightoff these bacteria

45. According to the passage, ----..

A) the spread of bacterial infections inpoultry may not be avoided by improvingphysical conditions

B) the weight of the poultry mainly dependsupon the environment they are brought upin

C) strict regulations in Denmark areemployed to minimize the effects ofantibiotic use on both poultry and people

D) the maturation period of poultry inDenmark is determined by the size of theanimal

E) the productivity of poultry can best beanalyzed through the amount of theantibiotic used on the animal

46. It is stated in the passage thatantibiotics ----..

A) are crucial as they change the geneticmutations of poultry

B) form the basis for microbial resistance ofgenes in animals

C) are effective in restricting resistant strainsof bacteria in poultry

D) are employed to prevent a possibledisease spread from farm animals tohuman beings

E) may produce drug resistant bacteria,irrespective of how carefully they are used


The pirate look is a time-honoured way to fixchildrens 'lazy eye'. The patch over the goodeye forces the weak one to work, therebypreventing its deterioration. Playing videogames helps, too. The neural cellscorresponding to both eyes then learn tofire insynchrony so that the brain wires itself for thestereo vision required for depth perception. Leftuntreated past a critical age, lazy eye, oramblyopia, can result in permanently impairedvision. Newstudies are now showing that thiscondition, which affects up to 5 per cent of thepopulation, could berepaired even past thecritical age. What is more, amblyopia mayprovide insights into brain plasticity that couldhelp treat a variety of other disordersrelated tofaulty wiring, including schizophrenia, epilepsy,autism, anxiety, and addiction. The seailmentsare not neurodegenerative diseases that destroypart of the neuralcircuitry. So, if the defectivecircuits could be stimulated in the right way, thebrain could develop normally.

47. According to the passage, the pirate look----..

A) has been a disorder common in the worldB) is a video game for childrenC) is a neurodegenerative diseaseD) cannot be a cure as it cannot be detected

at an early ageE) is the treatment of amblyopia in children

48. According to the passage, the writer ----..

A) does not believe that new studies onamblyopia make any contribution to thetreatment of this disorder

B) points out that through the new studies onamblyopia, other mental disorders couldbe understood

C) strongly believes that schizophrenia,epilepsy, autism, anxiety, and addiction inchildren cannot be treated past the criticalage

D) suggests that pirate look speeds up theloss of vision in children

E) argues that the neural circuitry iscompletely ruined by mental diseases

49. According to the passage, the lazy eye ----..

A) is enabled by the pirate look to workharder

B) is a disorder that results fromneurodegenerative diseases

C) is observed in a large amount of the worldpopulation

D) becomes much worse when a child playsvideo games most of the time

E) has been a major medical concern amongphysicians

50. It is indicated in the passage that thedisordersarising from faulty wiring in thebrain ----..

A) have an adverse effect on depthperception

B) are the consequences of the wrongtreatment of the lazy eye

C) are not related to a neurodegenerativecause

D) undermine the efficient functioning of theneural cells concerning vision

E) cannot be related to brain plasticity at all


When prehistoric man returned home from ahunt, hewas almost certainly asked the questionwe would like to ask today: 'What happened?'Quite possibly, he replied in a factual manner,providing a short report of the land covered, thenumber of animals spotted, and the results. Hisface-to-face communication was limited only tothose within the sight and sound of the speaker.Either because of this or because he thought hiscommunication should be recorded in morepermanent form, the caveman eventually beganto draw his message, the report of his latestadventurous hunt, on the wall of the cave.Thisopened up a whole range of possibilities: Thewall was there twenty-four hours a day, sevendays a week. The caveman could go about hisother business, whatever that may have been,and still know that his message was beingcommunicated, for the audience wascommunicating not with the caveman himself,but with the wall. This was the beginning ofmass communication impersonalcommunication with a diverse audience that hasalimited opportunity to respond and much wasgained from it.

51. According to the passage, the simplestform of mass communication is ----..

A) the spoken messages given by thespeaker

B) a visual sign taking place on a permanentsurface

C) the reports of a hunter who came backfrom the hunt

D) the face-to-face interaction of a cavemanwith his close friends

E) the prompt responses of the audience tothe drawings on the wall

52. It is indicated in the passage that as aresult ofthe cavemans drawings on thewalls ----..

A) personal relations with other people couldbe stronger

B) the cavemen could forget all about hisother business

C) others could get his messages even whenhe was not there

D) the idea of competition came into beingE) spoken interaction gradually lost its

importance

53. We understand from the passage thatmass communication during prehistorictimes ----..

A) required the presence of at least twopeople sharing the same space and time

B) did not necessarily require a personalrelationship between the speaker and hisaudience

C) meant short reports of ones daily lifeexperiences

D) provided vast opportunities to otherpeople to write back about their opinions

E) caused people to be more inquisitive thanbefore

54. According to the passage, the cavemandrew his messages on the cave walls,because ----..

A) he wanted his messages to stay there fora long time

B) he was tired of telling his hunting storiesto everyone

C) an impersonal form of communication didnot suit his needs

D) giving messages through drawing waseasier than speaking

E) it was an enjoyable way of passing thetime


To succeed in school, children must masterthree skills reading, writing and arithmetic but not all students readily grasp these basicskills. Among English-speaking children, anestimated 2 to 15% have trouble with reading orspelling, broadly classified as dyslexia. From 1 to7% struggle to do math, a disability known asdyscalculia. Statistics vary but dyslexia appearsto be more common among English speakersthan among speakers of highly phoneticlanguages such as Turkish and Italian. It isbelieved that at least one child in mostelementary school classes in the US suffers fromdyslexia. Both dyslexia and dyscalculia defyeasy explanation. Neither disorder is the resultof faulty eyesight or hearing, both of which canalso delay language acquisition but are easilycorrected. Instead, children with dyslexia anddyscalculia have working sensory organs,apparently normal sensory and motordevelopment and, sometimes, above-averageintelligence. After more than 15 years ofresearch, investigators now believe theseconditions frequently involve so-called partialfunctional deficits of the senses: In affectedchildren, the eyes and ears accurately registersights and sounds, letters, numbers and spokensyllables, but that information is misinterpretedas it is processed in the brain.

55. As it is clearly stated in the passage, thedisorder dyslexia ----..

A) is easily observed in phonetic languageslike Turkish and Italian

B) occurs in people who have dyscalculiaC) is unheard of in the history of US

educationD) could have something to do with the type

of language children are acquiringE) has not been documented for highly

phonetic languages

56. According to the passage, physicaldisabilities ----..

A) seem to play no role in the emergence ofdyslexia and dyscalculia

B) are the main causes for childrens inability toread and calculate

C) are contributing factors responsible fordyslexia and dyscalculia

D) can delay language acquisition in anestimated 2 to 15% of children

E) are observed in at least one child inelementary school classes in the US

57. According to the passage, ----..

A) children with dyslexia and dyscalculia mayhave difficulty in speaking their nativelanguage

B) children with dyslexia and dyscalculia donot have normal sensory and motordevelopment

C) researchers often tend to confuse dyslexiawith dyscalculia

D) people with dyslexia and dyscalculia areoften below average intelligence

E) partial functional deficits could be toblame for dyslexia and dyscalculia

58. It is stated in the passage that ----..

A) dyslexia and dyscalculia are the leastimportant issues in the US

B) reading, writing and arithmetic are areascrucial to academic success

C) if it were not for dyslexia and dyscalculia,American education would be free ofproblems

D) dyslexia and dyscalculia are the learningdisabilities most easily solved byeducationalists

E) dyscalculia appears to be morewidespread than dyslexia in elementaryschool classes


Today scientists draw attention to some of thepotential consequences of global warming onwildlife.They point out that each species reactsto changes in temperature differently. Somespecies will undoubtedly become extinct,particularly those with narrow temperaturerequirements, those confined to small reservesor parks, and those living in fragile ecosystems,whereas other species may survive ingreatlyreduced numbers and ranges. Ecosystemsconsidered most vulnerable to species loss inthe short term are polar seas, coral reefs,mountains, coastal wetlands, tundra, taiga, andtemperate forests. On the other hand, somespecies may beable to migrate to newenvironments or adapt themselves to thechanging conditions in their present habitats.Also, some species may be unaffected by globalwarming, whereas others may emerge from it aswinners, with greatly expanded numbers andranges. Those considered most likely to prosperinclude weeds, pests, and disease-carryingorganisms that are already common in manydifferent environments.

59. It is clear from the passage that globalwarming----..

A) has caused much decline in the number ofmany rare species

B) is particularly harmful to coastal wetlandsand coral reefs

C) has increased dangerously andextensively throughout the world

D) has already forced many species tomigrate to new environments

E) does not have the same impact on allspecies

60. The passage gives a brief account of ----..

A) the precautions that need to be taken toprevent the extinction of certain species

B) the possible adverse effects that globalwarming will, in the future, have ondifferent species

C) how different ecosystems react to theincrease of the numbers of species

D) why certain species can always survive inmany different environments

E) the vital importance that wildlife hasparticularly for fragile ecosystems

61. According to the passage, some species----..

A) are very sensitive to the environmentswith narrow temperature requirementsand, therefore, would have their habitatselsewhere

B) are so adaptable to differentenvironments that they keep on migratingfrom one environment to another

C) prefer to have their habitats not only inplaces such as mountains and wetlands,but also in tundra, taiga, and temperateforests

D) will be positively affected by globalwarming and, consequently, will increasein number and range

E) such as weeds and pests would surviveonly in one kind of ecosystem eventhough they react to changes intemperature

62. It is stressed in the passage that, due toglobal warming, ----..

A) scientists have focused their efforts on theconservation of rare species

B) many organisms have already changedtheir habitats

C) species living in temperate forests willhave to migrate to a new environment

D) there has been a sharp increase in thevariety and number of pests

E) for some species, extinction is inevitable

63. - 67. sorularda, karlklkonumann bo braklan ksmntamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

63. Andrew :- This book is about the earlyhistory of the computer and the Internet.

Mark :- ----

Andrew :- Actually it is. It places themfirmly into the social background of theperiod. .

A) Werent early computers more or lesstypewriters?

B) Obviously, much research has gone intoit.

C) All I know about early computers is thatthey were incredibly large.

D) That doesnt sound very interesting to me!E) Its hard to imagine life without either of

them, isnt it?

64. Barry:- Have you heard about the fish,black bass, that are killing off Japansnative fish?

Reg:- No; tell me more.

Barry:- ----

Reg:- I can believe it. There are manysimilar stories..

A) During the 1970s, game fishing becamepopular in Japan.

B) They are still hoping to restore theecological order.

C) No one knows how they got into the moatsof the palace, but they are there now.

D) Well, someone imported some in 1925,and they flourished and now they areeverywhere.

E) A large majority were in favour of thislarge-scale effort to exterminate thespecies.

65. Annie :- Im really having a problem withmy exercise program. After I finishexercising, I have trouble breathing andmy chest gets tight.

Sue :- Why dont you see an allergist? Itsounds like asthma.

Annie :- ----

Sue :- Still, you should see a doctor toget proper diagnosis and treatment..

A) What should I do if I have an asthmaattack?

B) Are you sure? What are the symptoms ofasthma?

C) Asthma? What a relief. I thought I had aheart problem.

D) I went to the doctor yesterday to get itchecked out.

E) Do you know any websites where I can getmore information?

66. Jeff : Are there considerable culturaldifferences in the way business isconducted between China and Westerncountries?Neal :Oh yes, there are many differencesand you have to be aware of these if youwant to succeed in China.Jeff : ----Neal : Well, in Western-style business,we focus on the deal, the possibilitiesand the risks. In China, top businessmenspend a good deal of time exploringwhat sort of person you are..

A) Your character is more important thanwhat you do.

B) What sort of differences?C) Have you ever done business in China?

How does one go about making businesscontacts there?

D) What are the advantages of doingbusiness in China?

E) Which regions of China are the best formaking high profits?

67. Dr. Raymond :- The survey indicatesthat, in many countries around theworld, a great majority of womenbreastfeed their newborns.

Dr. Simpson :- That may be true;however, in other parts of the world,formula-feeding is more popular thanbreastfeeding.

Dr. Raymond :- ----

Dr. Simpson :- No doubt about it. Yet, onthe other hand, there are valid reasonsfor not breastfeeding..

A) Actually, I attach as much importance toformulafeeding as to breastfeeding.

B) I certainly believe that parents in todayssociety have to coordinate work andfamily.

C) It is a fact that women throughout theworld know very little aboutbreastfeeding, and they ought to beadvised by health care professionals.

D) I know; still, breastfeeding offers manyhealth benefits to both mother and infant.

E) Clearly, educating fathers could changeattitudes and promote both breastfeedingand formulafeeding.

68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cmleyeanlamca en yakn cmleyi bulunuz.

68. Over the years researchers have learneda lot about how and why cancer forms. .

A) Through their research into cancer,scientists have finally discovered thecauses of the disease and suggestedvarious forms of treatment.

B) For many years, scientists have carriedout much research into different types ofcancer and are now able to discuss themfully.

C) It has taken a long time for scientists tofind out about various kinds of cancer andsuggest different methods of treatment.

D) For many years, cancer research has beena serious concern for researchers, who arenow able to explain the causes of thisdisease.

E) Those who are involved in cancer researchhave, over time, come to know muchabout the ways and causes of thediseases development.

69. An engineer must attempt to foreseepossible misuses of a product by aconsumer, and take this into account inhis design..

A) When designing a product an engineershould consider how a consumer mightmisuse it, and adjust the designaccordingly.

B) An engineer should never forget that hisproducts will be misused and so he mustmake them as safe as possible.

C) In designing a product, an engineer shouldremember that it will most likely bemisused by consumers unless his designprevents this.

D) An engineer should design products thatconsumers cannot possibly misuse.

E) Engineers know that, however well aproduct has been designed, consumerswill always find a way to misuse it.

70. By all accounts, the operation was asuccess, but the period of recuperationlooks like being a long one..

A) So long as the operation is carried outsuccessfully, the period of recuperationthat follows will be short.

B) Even if the operation is successful, it willbe a long time before he gets back tonormal.

C) Since the operation was only a partialsuccess, we mustnt expect a speedyrecovery.

D) The operation was a huge success, so heis expected to be back to normal almost atonce.

E) The operation apparently went off well,but quite some time may be required forhim to recover fully.

71. A drug may affect several functions,even though its targeted at only one..

A) While a drug may be used for variousfunctions, it becomes effective only if it istaken for a specific function.

B) Despite various other uses, a drug usuallyhas a function for a special effect.

C) The functions expected of a drug arevarious even if it is used for a specificdisease.

D) However effective a drug may be, itsfunctions have to be several.

E) A drug is taken for a specific purpose, butit may have a range of other effects.

72. - 75. sorularda, bo braklan yere,parada anlam btnln salamakiin getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.

72. An organism must divide its energybetween maintenance, repair andreproduction. ----. As a result, organismsface a tough problem: What is the bestallocation of finite metabolic energy tomaximize reproduction and repair?.

A) Actually, some organisms do haveunlimited energy

B) No creatures are capable of livingindefinitely

C) The reproductive life of an organism maybe even shorter

D) As an organism ages, the problemsbecome less acute

E) Even a well-fed organism has to cope withenergy limitations

73. The Kavli Foundations approach differsfrom the increasingly utilitarian focus ofmost funded research. ----. Kavli opposesthis practice for he believes you have tobe willing to fund science withoutknowledge of the benefits..

A) To obtain funding from any source,scientists must usually frame their ideas inthe context of studies already completedand short-term impact

B) Knowledge about materials and processesin the universe could open up benefitsthat we cant even imagine

C) In fact, the foundation pays fornondirected research in its three mainareas of interest: astrophysics,nanoscience and neuroscience

D) It is unrealistic of such agencies to expectthese programmes to deliver useful toolsand applications rapidly

E) The foundation has chosen disciplines thatare already acknowledged as growthareas in science

74. Engineers are problem solvers. ----. Achild playing with building blocks wholearns how to construct a taller structureis doing engineering. A secretary whostabilizes a wobbly desk by inserting apiece of cardboard under the short leghas engineered a solution to theproblem..

A) Certainly, engineers benefit from scientifictheory

B) Early in human history, there were noformal schools to teach engineering

C) This approach resulted in someremarkable accomplishments

D) In a sense, all humans are engineersE) Sometimes a solution is required before

the theory can catch up to the practice

75. Archaeologists have a duty, both to colleaguesand to the general public, to explain whatthey are doing and why. ----. Further, their workcan also be enjoyed by the wider public which,after all, has usually paid the bill for the work,however indirectly. .

A) Up to 60 per cent of modern excavationsapparently remain unpublished

B) Archaeologists often prefer to dig new sites ratherthan devote time to laborious post-excavationanalysis

C) Many projects depend upon the willing hands ofamateur enthusiasts

D) Unfortunately, some archaeologists hoard theirfinds and prevent colleagues from gaining accessto them

E) Basically, this means publishing the discoveries sothat the results are available to other scholars

76. - 80. sorularda, cmleler srasylaokunduunda parann anlambtnln bozan cmleyi bulunuz.

76. (I) In any school, in any week of the yeara dyslexic child experiences a hugeamount of failure. (II) Without self-confidence no real progress is possible.(III) With sequencing difficulties, anyform of writing or maths is going topresent severe problems. (IV) Thedyslexic child cannot fail to notice thatalmost all the other children can do thework fairly easily. (V) He thereforeconcludes that he must be stupid and hisconfidence goes..

A) I B) IIC) III D) IVE) V

77. (I) Mother Columbian rainbow boas,Epicratescenchria maurus, have thestrange habit of eating some of theirown young. (II) Now new researchreveals why. (III) Within two weeks,these mothers regained their lostmuscle. (IV) Stillborns and undevelopedeggs in a clutch, which the motherconsumes soon after laying or givingbirth, are rich in energy and contain adiversity of proteins and essentialnutrients. (V) Therefore, maternalcannibalism leads to a quick recoveryafter giving birth..

A) IB) IIC) IIID) IVE) V

78. (I) The most popular talk show on ArabTV is The Opposite Direction. (II) Theshow is hosted by Faisal al-Kasim, aforty-two-year-old with glasses. (III) Thechance to take part in the regions firstexperiment with free journalism was onethat could not be missed. (IV) Al-Kasimmoderates while two guests debate atopic of his choosing; viewers join in bytelephone, fax and e-mail. (V) No otherArab television personality is ascontroversial, as despised or as reveredas al-Kasim. .


79. (I) As people age, the amount of water inthe body decreases. (II) Since manydrugs dissolve in water, and since lesswater is available to dilute them, thesedrugs reach higher levels ofconcentration in the elderly. (III) Also,the kidneys are less able to excretedrugs into the urine, and the liver is lessable to metabolize many drugs. (IV) Forthese reasons, many drugs tend to stayin an elderly persons body much longerthan they would in a younger personsbody. (V) People in every civilization inrecorded history have used drugs ofplant and animal origin to prevent andtreat disease..


80. (I) Many historians were sceptical thatKing Arthur was a historical figure. (II)The mystique of Camelot, ArthursPalace, endures, from Disney films toBroadway musicals to the KennedyWhite House. (III) Then, in 1998,scientists unearthed a broken stone atTintagel Castle on Britains Cornishcoast, long said to be Arthursstronghold. (IV) The stone bore the Latininscription Pater Coliavificit Artognou,which translates as "Artognou, father ofa descendant of Coll, has had this built".(V) Artognou is pronounced "Arthnou",lending credence to theories that thelegendary king was real..


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