Fikosianin_Sherly Widihani_13.70.0035_E2_UNIKA SOEGIJAPRANATA

7/24/2019 Fikosianin_Sherly Widihani_13.70.0035_E2_UNIKA SOEGIJAPRANATA

1/18

ISOLASI DAN PEMBUATAN POWDER

FIKOSIANIN : PEWARNA ALAMI DARI

BLUE GREEN SPIRULINA

LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUMTEKNOLOGI HASIL LAUT

Disusun oleh :

Nama : Sherly Wiihani !S!

NIM : "#!$%!%%#&

Kelom'o( E)

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNOLOGI PANGAN*AKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

UN+ERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGI,APRANATASEMARANG

)%"&

1


2/18

2

1. Materi Metode

1.1. Aat da! Ba"a!

1.1.1. Aat

Ala- yan. i.una(an alam 'ra(-i(um ini aalah sen-ri/u.e0 'en.au(1stirrer0 ala- 'en.erin.

2o3en40 anplate stirrer!

1.1.#. Ba"a!

5ahan yan. i.una(an alam 'ra(-i(um ini aalah 6iomassa S'irulina (erin.0 a7uaes0 ane(s-rin!

1.#. Metode

5iomassa S'irulina (erin. imasu((an alam erlenmenyer!

S'irulina ilaru-(an en.an a7uaes 2'er6anin.an ":"%4

Diau( men..una(an s-irrer selama (uran. le6ih ) 8am!

Disen-ri/u.asi &%%% r'm selama "% meni-lalu su'erna-an i'inah (e .elas u(ur!


3/18

3

Se6a.ian su'erna-an 'aa .elas u(ur ien9er(an hin..a "%)

(emuian iu(ur (aar /i(osianinnya en.an s'e(-ro/o-ome-er 2;"&nm an ;&) nm4!

Sisa su'erna-an 'aa .elas u(ur i-am6ah(an es(-rin en.an'er6anin.an su'erna-an:es(-rin < =:> 2(elom'o( E"0 E)0 an E#4 an

":" 2(elom'o( E? an E&4!

Se-elah -er9am'ur ra-a lalu i-uan.(an (e alam @aah yan. a'a-i.una(an se6a.ai alas un-u( 'roses 'en.erin.an!

Dio3en 'aa suhu ?& hin..a (erin. (uran. le6ih (aar air

se(i-ar $B 29u(u' iam6il en.an s'a-ula an iliha- (erin. a-aumasih .em'al4!


4/18

4

#. $a%i

Pe!&a'ata!

Aonan yan. -elah i(erin.(an0 ihan9ur(an en.an ala-'enum6u( hin..a 6er6en-u( 'o@er!

Kaar /i(osianin iu(ur en.an rumus:

Konsen-rasi *i(osianin1K* 2m.1ml4 ==4! S'irulina 6er@arna hi8au -ua i

alam (oloni yan. 6esar! Warna hi8au -ua ini 6erasal ari (loro/il alam 8umlahyan. -in..i!

Se9ara alami0 S'irulina mam'u -um6uh i 'erairan anau yan. 6ersi/a- al(ali an suhu yan.

han.a- a-au (olam an.(al i @ilayah -ro'is 2Tie-e0 )%%?4! Menuru- Henri(son 2)%%>40

S'irulina men.anun. 'ro-ein alam 8umlah yan. 9u(u' -in..i! Kanun.an 'ro-ein S'irulina

6er3ariasi ari &%B$%B ari 6era- (erin.nya 2Ri9hmon0 ">==4! ,enis al.a ini mem'unyai

mem6ran sel -i'is an lem6u- sehin..a muah un-u( i9erna 2Tie-e0 )%%?4! Kara(-eris-i( ini

8u.a yan. menye6a6(an S'irulina -ia( mem6u-uh(an 'roses 'en.olahan (husus 2Ri9hmon0

">==4! S'irulina se9ara alami renah (oles-erol0 (alori0 lema(0 an soium! S'irulina

men.anun. sem6ilan 3i-amin 'en-in. ser-a "? mineral an -eri(a- en.an senya@a asam

amino! Hal ini a'a- memuah(an an mem'er9e'a- 'roses asimilasi i alam -u6uh 2Tie-e0

)%%?4! S'irulina 8u.a men.anun. ? hin..a $B li'i a-au lema( an se6a.ian 6esar lain

alam 6en-u( asam lema( esensial! Se-ia' "% .ram al.a S'irulina men.anun. se(i-ar ))&

m. asam lema( esensial linolea- an .ammalinoleni9 a9i 2GLA4!

Teori ari Diharmi 2)%%"4 men.a-a(an s'irulina memili(i mem6ran -ila(oi0 imana 'aa

mem6ran -ila(oi ini -era'a- s-ru(-ur .ranula 6eru'a /i(o6ilisom yan. -eriri ari/i(o6ili'ro-ein yan. 6er/un.si un-u( menyera' 9ahaya an iu.a a'a- melinun.i 'i.men

/o-osin-esis lainnya ari o(siasi 'aa 9ahaya yan. 6erin-ensi-as -in..i! ahaya yan. isera'

oleh /i(osianin a(an i-rans/er (e'aa allo/i(osianin0 (emuian i-erus(an menu8u 'usa-

rea(si yai-u (loro/il a i mem6ran -ila(oi! Kloro/il a meru'a(an 'i.men /o-osin-esis

mi(roal.a S'irulina yan. -erle-a( 'aa mem6ran-ila(oi yan. -erse6ar i alam

(romo'lasma!

*i(osianin aalah 'i.men ominan 'aa S'irulina 2Ri9hmon ">==4! *i(osianin mem'unyaia6sor6ansi 9ahaya ma(simum 'aa 'an8an. .elom6an. &?; nm! 5era- 6o6o- mole(ul

/i(osianin 29/i(osianin4 aalah se6esar "#? (Da0 namun i-emu(an 6o6o- mole(ul yan. le6ih

6esar 2);)(Da4 ari e(s-ra( /i(osianin se.ar 'aa 6anya( s'esies! 5o6o- mole(ul yan. le6ih

6esar ini iu.a ise6a6(an oleh (e6eraaan /ra.men /i(o6ilisom 2F arra F hEo9ha

">$;4!


8/18

8

Gam6ar )! S-ru(-ur /i(osianin 2O arra O Heo9ha0 ">$;4

S-ru(-ur /i(osianin men.anun. ran-ai ari tetraphyrroles -er6u(a an mem'unyai

(emam'uan alam menan.(a' rai(al senya@a o(si.en! S-ru(-ur (imia ari chromophores

'aa 9/i(osianin san.a-lah miri' en.an s-ru(-ur ari 6iliru6in! Romay et al., 2">>=4

menya-a(an 6ah@a 6iliru6un aalah an-io(sian yan. mun.(in 'en-in. un-u( /isiolo.is

(arena mam'u men.i(a- rai(al 'ero(si yan. 9ara en.an a-om hiro.en ionor(an0 yan.

-eri(a- 'aa a-om yan. 0 yan. (e "% 'aa mole(ul -e-ra'hyrroles!

Kara(-eris-i( ari 'i.men /i(osianin yai-u 6er@arna 6iru -ua0 yan. a'a- meman9ar(an @arna

lain0 se'er-i @arna merah -ua 2F arra F hEo9ha0 ">$;4! ,enis al.a yan. i.una(an alam

'ra(-i(um ini a'a- men.hasil(an 'i.men /i(osianin yan. 6er@arna 6iru! Pi.men ari 8enis

al.a ini a'a- laru- alam 'elaru- 'olar0 se'er-i halnya air! S'olaore et al! 2)%%;40 menya-a(an

6ah@a 'i.men ini 6er'o-ensi i.una(an se6a.ai 'e@arna alami! Hira-a et al! 2)%%%40

menam6ah(an 6ah@a 'eman/aa-an 'i.men /i(osianin se6a.ai 6ahan 'e@arna alami 'aa

6ahan ma(anan -elah lama ila(u(an! Prou( ini -elah ia'li(asi(an 'aa 'ermen (are-0 ice

sherberts0 popsicles0 'ermen0 minuman rin.an0 dairy product0 an @asa6i! Pen..unaan

'e@arna non/oo .rae 'aa 6ahan 'an.an an (osme-i(a a'a- mem6ahaya(an

(onsumen! Pe@arna alami a'a- ia'a-(an ari mi(roal.a S'irulina 8enis ari /usi/ormis0

yai-u 'i.men 6iru ari /i(osianinnya! *i(osianin -ermasu( .olon.an 6ili'ro-ein! *i(osianin

se6a.ai 6ili'ro-ein i(e-ahui mam'u men.ham6a- 'em6en-u(an (oloni (an(er 2Aams0

)%%&4! 5ili'ro-ein a-au 6iasa i(enal en.an /i(o6ili'ro-ein aalah (elom'o( 'i.men yan.

i-emu(an 'aa Rhodophyta 2al.a merah40 Cyanophyta 2al.a hi8au6iru4 an Cryptophyta

2al.a 9ry-omona4! Pi.men ini 6er/un.si se6a.ai 'enyera' 9ahaya 'aa sis-em /o-osin-esis!

Kelom'o( 'i.men ini ian-aranya aalah R'hy9oery-hrin0 'hy9oery-hrin 5

'hy9oery-hrin0 allo'hy9o9yanin0 R'hy9o9yanin an 'hy9o9yanin 2F arra F hEo9ha0

">$;4!

*i(osianin -ermasu( (elom'o( 'i.men yan. -eri(a- 'aa 'ro-ein 26ili'ro-ein4! *i(osianin

memili(i (emam'uan 'enyem6uhan0 ian-aranya aalah (emam'uan se6a.ai an-iraan. an

an-io(sian! *i(osianin se'er-i 'i.men alami 'aa umumnya0 a'a- men.alami (erusa(an


9/18

9

a(i6a- suhu yan. -in..i0 2Mishra e- al! )%%=4! *i(osianin a'a- menan.(a' raiasi ari sinar

ma-ahari yan. 'alin. e/isien 2Hall Rao0 ">>>4! *i(osianin meru'a(an 'i.men 'ro-ein

(om'le(s yan. salin. 6eri(a-an an -ermasu( alam 'emanenan 9ahaya0 an ener.i

-ransu(si! *i(osianin a'a- 6er-ina( se6a.ai 6ahan 'enyim'an ni-ro.en (arena (onsen-rasi

/i(osianin -in..i0 6ila S'irulina 'la-ensis i-um6uh(an alam (onisi ni-ro.en yan. o'-imal

25oussi6a Ri9hmon0 ">=%4!

Mulamula 6iomassa ari al.a 8enis S'irulina imasu((an (e alam @aah Erlenmeyer an

ilaru-(an 6ersama a7uaes 2me-oe e(s-ra(si 'olar40 ser-a ila(u(an 'en.au(an

men..una(an strirrerselama (uran. le6ih ") 8am! Lalu ila(u(an sen-ri/u.asi ma(simal

hin..a i'eroleh ena'an an su'erna-an- 29airan 6erisi /i(osisanin4! Su'erna-an- yan.

i'eroleh iu(ur (aar /i(osisaninnya men..una(an s'e(-ro/o-ome-er! Kemuian0

su'erna-an- -ai i-am6ah e(s-rin en.an 'er6anin.an su'erna-an- : e(s-rin < ": "0)&!

Se-elah -er9am'ur ra-a0 lalu i-uan.(an (e alam @aah se6a.ai alas 2 tray4 un-u( 'roses

'en.erin.an an imasu((an (e alam o3en suhu ?&o hin..a (erin.0 (uran. le6ih men9a'ai

(aar air se(i-ar $B 2-ia( 'erlu men.u(ur (aar air 9u(u' iam6il men..una(an s'a-ula

an iliha- a'a(ah suah (erin.0 a-au masih .em'al4! Se-elah 'roses 'en.erin.an0 'aa-an

a(an -erliha- a-au mem6en-u( aonan (erin. yan. .em'al0 ma(a 'erlu ihan9ur(an en.an

ala- 'enum6u(1 mor-ar hin..a 6er6en-u( 'o@er!

Dalam 'er9o6aan0 ila(u(an 'enam6ahan e(s-rin en.an 'er6anin.an " : "0)& imana

-u8uan ari 'enam6ahan e(s-rin ini un-u( mene(an (ehilan.an (om'onen volatile selama

'roses 'en.olahan ila(u(an! De(s-rin 6iasanya memili(i 3is(osi-as yan. renah0 sehin..a

'ema(aian alam 8umlah 6anya( masih a'a- ii8in(an! A'a6ila (onsen-rasi ari e(s-rin

inai((an ari &"&B0 ma(a a(an menurun(an (aar air ari 'rou( 2Warsi(i0 ">>&4!

Menuru- Shih M0 2)%%>40 e(s-rin aalah 'olisa(aria ari hirolisis 'a-i0 yan. (emuian

ia-ur oleh enimenim -er-en-u 'aa 'roses hirolisis (arena asam0 an e(s-rin ini

6er@arna 'u-ih hin..a (unin.! Paa 'roses 'em6ua-an 'rou( e(s-rin0 ran-ai 'an8an. ari

'a-i ini a(an men.alami 'emu-usan oleh (arena enim1asam men8ai e(s-rin yan. memili(i

mole(ul yan. le6ih 'ene(0 yai-u ;"% uni- ari .lu(osa0 en.an mem'unyai rumus mole(ul

yai-u 2;H"%O&4n! De(s-rin muah laru- alam air0 -eris'ersi en.an 9e'a-0 9air ser-a le6ih

(ons-an ari'aa senya@a 'a-i! *un.si e(s-rin aalah se6a.ai 'em6a@a ari 6ahan a(-i/0

se'er-i 'aa /la3or an 'e@arna0 yan. memerlu(an si/a- yan. muah laru- (e alam air an


10/18

10

filler0 (arena a(an a'a- menin.(a-(an 6era- 'rou( yan. ihasil(an alam 6en-u( 6u6u(

2Ri6u- an Kumalanin.sih0 )%%?4! 5er(uran.nya 'an8an. ran-ai a'a- menye6a6(an si/a- ari

'a-i yan. -ia( laru- alam air men.alami 'eru6ahan men8ai e(s-rin yan. a'a- laru- (e

alam air an mem'unyai (e(en-alan yan. le6ih renah 6ila i6anin.(an senya@a 'a-i

2Romay et all0 ">>=4!

Selain i-u0 alam 'er9o6aan 8u.a ila(u(an 'emasu(an su'erna-an (ealam o3en en.an

suhu ?&o hin..a (erin. an le6ih men9a'ai (aar air se(i-ar $B! Menuru- Kumalanin.sih0

2)%%;40 (e6erhasilan alam 'roses 'em6ua-an 6u6u( 'e@arna alami i-en-u(an oleh

(onsen-rasi e(s-rin an suhu 'en.erin.an yan. ila(u(an! Suhu 'en.erin.an yan. 6ai(

i.una(an yai-u 'aa suhu &%%o;%%o selama &; 8am! Pen.erin.an meru'a(an 'roses ari

'en.uran.an (aar air sam'ai en.an (onsen-rasi -er-en-u! Pen.erin.an ini ila(u(an un-u(men.uran.i air 6e6as 'aa 6ahan0 yan. a'a- i.una(an oleh 6a(-eri un-u( merusa( senya@a

/i(osianin! *i(osianin meru'a(an 'i.men yan. memili(i nilai 8ual -in..i! Per9o6aan yan.

ila(u(an 'ra(-i(an alam 'em6ua-an /i(osianin ini ham'ir sama en.an -eori menuru-

anra 2)%""40 imana 'rinsi' e(s-ra(si /i(osianin ari Spirulina yai-u en.an men..una(an

laru-an 6u//er /os/a- "%% mM0 'H $! Proseur e(s-ra(si ini ila(u(an en.an 9ara

menam6ah(an laru-an 6u//er /os/a- (e alam Spirulina (erin. yan. a(an ie(s-ra(si!

am'uran 6u//er /os/a- an Spirulina ini i(o9o( en.an men..una(an vorteks a.ar-er9am'ur ra-a! Sam'el ini isim'an alam lemari 'enin.in 'aa suhu "% o selama )? 8am!

am'uran i(o9o( an isen-ri/u.asi un-u( memisah(an /i(osianin ari 6iomasa Spirulina!

Sen-ri/u.asi ini ila(u(an en.an (e9e'a-an minimum #&%% r'm selama & meni- 'aa suhu

"%o! Kemuian (aar /i(osianin ihi-un. en.an men.u(ur a6sor6ansi /i(osianin 'aa

'an8an. .elom6an. ;)% nm0 en.an 6u//er /os/a- se6a.ai 6lan(o!

Da'a- iliha- ari hasil 'en.ama-an imana un-u( (onsen-rasi *i(osianin an iel yan.

i'eroleh 6er6ea6ea -ia' (elom'o(nya! Dimana se6anya( = .r an =% ml an 8umlah/il-ra- yan. i.una(an se6anya( &; ml0 ia'a-(an hasil 'en.u8ian s'e(-ro/o-ome-ri yan.

6er6ea -ia' (elom'o(! Un-u( (elom'o( E& aalah OD;"&


11/18

11

'aa (elom'o( E# se6esar $0?># m.1. an -erenah 'aa (elom'o( E" se6esar ;0)%)! Warna

se6elum o3en0 (elom'o( E" an E) aalah 6iru -ua0 (elom'o( E# an E? aalah 6iru mua0

ser-a (elom'o( E& aalah 6iru san.a- -ua! Sean.(an @arna se-elah a-au sesuah o3en0

(elom'o( E"0 E)0 E# an E? aalah 6iru mua0 an (elom'o( E& aalah 6iru -ua!

Per6eaan hasil 'en.am-an -ia' (elom'o( ini a'a- -er8ai (arena (e-i(a 'roses 'en.erin.an

suhu yan. i.una(an a'a- mem'en.aruhi mi(ro(a'sul! Suhu 'en.erin.an ini -er.an-un.

ari 'rou( yan. a(an i(erin.(an! Suhu inle- yan. -in..i i.una(an un-u( menin.(a-(an

aliran 'en.ua'an ari mem6ran semi'ermia6el 'aa 'ermu(aan ro'le-! Ren-an. suhu inle-

yan. umumnya aman i.una(an an men.hasil(an re-ensi yan. 6ai( aalah 'aa suhu ";% o

)"%o 2Reine99ius0 ">==4! Selain i-u0 ari hasil 'en.ama-an i'eroleh 8u.a @arna yan.

6er6ea6ea -ia' (elom'o( ari 6iru sam'ai 6iru san.a- -ua! Hal ini -er8ai (arena meman.

(e-i(a ila(u(an 'enam6ahan 6ahan 'en.isi0 e(s-rin un-u( 'em6ua-an 6u6u( 'e@arna0

imana -u8uan 'enam6ahan e(s-rin ini un-u( mem'er9e'a- 'roses ari 'en.erin.an an

men9e.ah (erusa(an 'rou( a(i6a- aanya 'anas0 mela'isi (om'onen /la3or 'rou(0

menin.(a-(an -o-al 'aa-annya an mem'er6esar 3olumenya 2Mur-ala0 ">>>4! Sema(in

-in..i (onsen-rasi e(s-rin yan. i-am6ah(an0 @arna 6u6u( yan. ihasil(an 9enerun. a(an

sema(in 'u-ih an sei(i- (e9o(la-an0 an ini 6erar-i 6elum i-emu(an (onsen-rasi e(s-rin

yan. o'-imum! Sean.(an menuru- Mishra et al! 2)%%=40 /i(osianin0 se'er-i 'i.men alami

'aa umumnya0 a'a- men.alami (erusa(an a(i6a- ari aanya suhu -in..i! Laru-an

/i(osianin a(an men.alami @arna yan. hilan. se6esar #%B se-elah 'enyim'anan selama &

hari an a(an men8ai 6enin. a-au se'er-i 8ernih se-elah "& hari 'aa suhu #&o!

Pen..unaan )0%)0&B S'irulina ialam inus-ri -elur a(an men.hasil(an @arna (unin. yan.

es-e-is -an'a menim6ul(an e/e( ne.a-i/ 'aa (iner8a 'rou(si -elur 2Jahroo8ian et al0 )%"#4!

*i(osianin ari S! 'la-ensis i.una(an alam inus-ri ma(anan an 8u.a i 6ian. (eseha-an

2Saranra8 an Si3asa(-hi0 )%"?4! S'irulina a'a- 6er'eran se6a.ai a.en 'elinun. un-u(

inu(si Do(soru6isin 2a.en an-i-umor un-u( mela@an 'enya(i- (an(er40 .a6un.an ari

'en.o6a-an Do(soru6isin an S'irulina a'a- mem6eri(an rasa aman an meru'a(an s-ra-e.i

e/e(-i/ un-u( (emo-era'i! 2Suha an Ka3imani0 )%""4!

In(u6asi S. platensis selama #% hari aalah 'erioe yan. o'-imal un-u( men.hasil(an

'rou(si 6iomassa alam 8umlah yan. ma(simum! Meia Jarrou( aalah yan. -er6ai( un-u('rou(si 6iomassa S. platensis(arena men.anun. al(alini-as yan. -in..i 2'H =0)4! Den.an


12/18

12

imoi/i(asi 5G"" a'a- menun8u((an 'rou(-i3i-as ma(simum 'aa -o-al (loro/il0

(aro-enoi an 'hy9o6ili'ro-eins 'i.men 2Diaa et al0 )%"#4! Laru-an ari (alsium (loria

a'a- men.hasil(an 'rou( yan. -in..i e(s-ra( /i(osianin murni! 5ila i6anin.(an en.an

'en.e(-ra((an men..una(an air yan. -elah ies-ilasi0 hasil 'emurniannya men8ai

6er(uran. 2Pra6u-has et al0 )%""4!

7. Ke%i'(-a!

Mi(roal.a meru'a(an -um6uhan air yan. 6eru(uran mi(ros(o'i( an memili(i 6er6a.ai

'o-ensi yan. a'a- i(em6an.(an men8ai sum6er 'a(an he@an0 'an.an0 an 6ahan (imia

yan. lainnya!

5ahan 'e@arna i6u-uh(an un-u( me@arnai 'rou( ma(anan a.ar le6ih menari(! Pe@arna alami memili(i (elemahan0 yai-u (e-erseiaannya -er6a-as an @arnanya -ia(

homo.en0 sehin..a (uran. 9o9o( i.una(an un-u( inus-ri ma(anan an minuman! S'irulina aalah or.anisme (elom'o( al.a hi8au 6iru0 yan. -ermasu( alam or.anisme

mul-iseluer0 6er@arna hi8au -ua yan. 6erasal ari (loro/il alam 8umlah -in..i! S'irulina mam'u -um6uh i 'erairan anau yan. 6ersi/a- al(ali an suhu han.a- a-au

(olam an.(al i @ilayah -ro'is! S'irulina men.anun. 'ro-ein alam 8umlah yan. 9u(u' -in..i0 an-ara &%B$%B ari

6era- (erin.nya! *i(osianin aalah 'e@arna alami yan. meru'a(an 'i.men ominan 'aa S'irulina an

-ermasu( (elom'o( 'i.men yan. -eri(a- 'aa 'ro-ein 26ili'ro-ein4! S-ru(-ur /i(osianin men.anun. ran-ai ari tetraphyrroles -er6u(a yan. (emam'uan

alam menan.(a' rai(al o(si.en! *i(osianin 8u.a memili(i (emam'uan alam 6ian. 'enyem6uhan0 ian-aranya aalah

(emam'uan se6a.ai an-iraan. an an-io(sian! Kara(-eris-i( ari 'i.men /i(osianin yai-u 6er@arna 6iru -ua a'a-men9ermin(an @arna

merah -ua0 yan. a'a- laru- 'aa 'elaru- 'olar se'er-i air an /i(osianin a'a- men.alami(erusa(an a(i6a- suhu -in..i

Prou( /i(osianain -elah ia'li(asi(an 'aa 'ermen (are-0 i9e sher6er-s0 'o'si9les0

'ermen0 minuman rin.an0 dairy product0 an @asa6i! De(s-rin aalah 'olisa(aria ari hirolisis senya@a 'a-i0 yan. ia-ur oleh enimenim

-er-en-u 'aa 'roses hirolisis oleh asam0! Tu8uan 'enam6ahan e(s-rin un-u( mem6ua- 'en.erin.an le6ih 9e'a- an men9e.ah

(erusa(an 'rou( a(i6a- aanya 'anas0 mela'isi (om'onen ari /la3or 'rou(0

menin.(a-(an -o-al 'aa-an yan. a(an ihasil(an an mem'er6esar 3olume!


13/18

13

De(s-rin memili(i 3is(osi-as yan. renah an muah laru- alam air0 6er@arna 'u-ih

sam'ai (unin.0 -eris'ersi en.an 9e'a-0 9air ser-a le6ih (onsis-en ari'aa senya@a 'a-i

an (onsen-rasi e(s-rin inai((an ari & hin..a "&B0 ma(a a(an menurun(an (aar air! Ke6erhasilan 'roses 'em6ua-an 6u6u( 'e@arna alami san.a- i-en-u(an oleh 6anya(nya

e(s-rin an suhu 'en.erin.an yan. i.una(an! Proses 'en.erin.an aalah 'roses 'en.uran.an ari (aar air hin..a 'aa (onsen-rasi

-er-en-u un-u( men.uran.i air 6e6as yan. a'a- i.una(an 6a(-eri un-u( merusa( senya@a

/i(osianin! Hasil 'en.ama-an i'eroleh (onsen-rasi *i(osianin an iel 6er6ea6ea (arena (e-i(a

'roses 'en.erin.an suhu yan. i.una(an a'a- mem'en.aruhi mi(ro(a'sul! Sema(in -in..i (onsen-rasi e(s-rin0 @arna 6u6u( yan. a(an sema(in 'u-ih!

Semaran.0 & No3em6er )%"&

Pra(-i(an0 Asis-en Dosen0

Deanna Sun-oro

*eryan-o ,u@ono

Sherly Wiihani !S!

"#!$%!%%#&

3. Datar P-%ta)a

Aams0 M! )%%&! Su'er/oo /or O'-imum Heal-h: hlorella an S'irulina! Ne@ or(: Tru-hPu6lishin. In-erna-ional0 L-!

Astawan,Mae anKasih,Anreas L! 200! Khasia- @arna@arni Ma(anan! Grameia!Pus-a(a U-ama! ,a(ar-a!

5oussi6a0 S! an Ri9hmon0 A! E! ">=%! Phy9o9yanin as a s-ora.e 'ro-ein in -he 6lue.reenal.ae S'irulina 'la-ensis! Ar9h! Mi9ro6iol! ")&: "?#"?$!

anra 50A! )%""! Kara(-eris-i( Pi.men *i(osianin Dari Spirulina !usiformis an.

Di(erin.(an Dan Diamo6ilisasi! Ins-i-u- Per-anian 5o.or! 5o.or!


14/18

14

arra P0 F hEo9ha ! ">$;! Al.ae 5ili'ro-eins an Phy9o6ilins! Goo@in TW0ei-or! ">$;!hemis-ry an 5io9hemis-ry o/ Plan- Pi.men-s! Lonon: A9aemi9 'ress in9! Hal #)=#$"!">=%4!

Diharmi A! )%%"! Pen.aruh 'en9ahayaan -erhaa' (anun.an 'i.men 6ioa(-i/ mi(rola.a

S'irulina 'la-ensis s-rain Lo(al 2INK4! Tesis! 5o.or: Pro.ram Pas9a Sar8ana0 Ins-i-u-Per-anian 5o.or!

Diaa A! Marre0 Mohame M! Na.ui60 ouse/ ! Sul-an0 Ja(aria ! Da@ an Ai M!Hi.ay! )%"#! Im'a9- o/ ul-urin. Meia on 5iomass Prou9-ion an Pi.men-s on-en- o/Spirulina platensis.I,AR ISS )#)%&?%$ +olume " Issue "% '. >&">;"

Hall0 D! O an Rao0 K! K! ">>>! Pho-osyn-hesis0 ;-h e! am6ri.e Uni3ersi-y Press!am6ri.e!

Henri(son0 R! )%%>! Ear-h *oo S'irulina! Ronore En-er'rises0 In9! Ha@aii! "== '!

Hira-a0 T an ,aime0 L! )%%%! An-ioian- a9-i3i-ies o/ 'hy9o9yano6ilin 're'are /romS'irulina 'la-ensis! ,! A''l! Phy9ol! "): #&0 ?#&?#>!

Kumalanin.sih0 S! )%%;! An-io(sian Alami! e-a(an Per-ama! Sura6aya: Tru6us A.risarana!

Mishra0 S! K! Shri3as-a30 A an Mishra0 S! )%%=! E//e9- o/ 'reser3a-i3es /or /oo .rae P/rom S'irulina 'la-ensis! Pro9ess 5io9hemis-ry ?#:##>#?&!

M!Suha an S!Ka3imani! )%""! The Pro-e9-i3e Role O/ S'irulina On Dooru6i9in Inu9eGeno-oi9i-y In Germ ells O/ Ra-s! I,P5S ISSN %>$&;)>> +ol! ) Issue # '. )"?)))

N! Jahroo8ian0 H! Mora3e80 an M! Shi3aa! )%"#! E//e9-s o/ Die-ary Marine Al.ae

2S'irulina 'la-ensis4 on E.. uali-y an Prou9-ion Per/orman9e o/ Layin. Hens! ,! A.r! S9i!Te9h +ol! "&: "#"#;%

Olaiola0 Mi.uel! 2)%%#4! ommer9ial De3elo'men- o/ Mi9roal.al 5io-e9hnolo.y: *rom TheTes- Tu6e -o The Mar(e-'la9e! 5iomole9ular En.ineerin. )% 2)%%#4 ?&>1?;;

Mur-ala0 S! S! ">>>! Pen.aruh Kom6inasi ,enis Dan Konsen-rasi 5ahan Pen.isi Terhaa'Kuali-as 5u6u( Sari 5uah Mar(isa Siul 2Passi/lora eulis *! Eulis4! Tesis! Pas9a Sar8anaUni3ersi-as 5a@i8aya Malan.!

Pra6u-has P!0 Ma8umar S!0 Sri3as-a3 P! P! an Mishra H! N! )%""! S-anaria-ion o/ ra'ian e9onomi9al me-ho /or neu-ra9eu-i9als e-ra9-ion /rom al.ae! ,SPPR ISSN )"?";&;$+ol! )2&4 '. >#>;

P! Saranra8 an S! Si3asa(-hi! )%"?! Spirulina "latensis *oo *or *u-ure: A Re3ie@! A,PSTeISSN: ))?= >"=&0 'rin- ISSN: ))?= >"$$ +ol ? Issue " '. );##

Reine99ius0 G!A! ">==! S'rayDryin. o/ *oo *la3ors! *la3or En9a'sula-ion0 Washin.-on:Am! hem! So9! &&;;!

Ri9hmon0 A! ">==! S'irulina! In 5oro@i-(a MA0 5oro@i-(a L, 2es40 Mi9roal.al

5io-e9hnolo.y! am6ri.e U!P! am6ri.e0 =&")"!


15/18

15

Ri9hmon0 A! ">>%! Han6oo( o/ Mi9roal.al Mass ul-ure! R Press0 5o9a Ra-on0 *L!IS5N %=?>##)?%%!

Romay0 ! Armes-o0 ,! Remire0 D! Gonale0 R! Leon0 N an Gar9ia0 I! ">>=!An-ioian- an an-iin/lamma-ory 'ro'er-ies o/ 9'hy9o9yanin /rom 6lue.reen al.ae!

In/lamma-ion Resear9h ?$:#;?"!S'olaore0 P! ,oanisarson0 ! Duran0 E an Isam6er-0 A! )%%;! omer9ial a''li9a-ion o/mi9roal.ae! ,ournal o/ 6ios9ien9e an 6ioen.inerin. "%"2)4:=$>;!

Syah e- al! )%%&! Man/aa- an 5ahaya 5ahan Tam6ahan Pan.an! Him'unan Alumni *a(ul-asTe(nolo.i Per-anian IP5! 5o.or!

Tie-e0 Heral W! )%%?! S'irulina Mi9ro *oo Ma9ro 5lessin.! E (e?! Aus-ralia: Haral W!Tie-e Pu6lishin.!


16/18

A9ara I+

2. La'(ira!

2.1. Per"it-!&a!

Konsen-rasi *i(osianin 2m.1ml4

Documents

Fikosianin_Sherly Widihani_13.70.0035_E2_UNIKA SOEGIJAPRANATA