-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
1/71
7 HX- 6>>)06??-63
+ , +
, 06??
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
2/71
Civtpdnbx 06??7 ,
, , +)Jor %36 0?6024:232, bxxv7))jmxlo`+maah-osvaxa+kax)
, +
0
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-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
3/71
SCBIIL IJ VAHONINDCOL OKH XACBKILINDCOL AHQCOXDIK
HAVOPXMAKX IJ MACBOKDCOL AKNDKAAPDKN AHQCOXIPS
LO@IPOXIPT IJ JLQDH MACBOKDCS OKH XQP@IMOCBDKAPT
NPOHQOXDIK XBASDS Ciha7 HX- 6>>)06??-63
HASDNK OKH HAZALIVMAKX IJ O MQLXDMAHDO
OVVLDCOXDIK JIP CQSXIMDWAH LAOPKDKN DK
SALACXAH DSSQAS IJ MACBOKDCS IJ JLQDHS
Holomonos G+ Sixdpdis
Xbasds Ohzdsip
Okhpikdeis + Jdldis, Vpijassip
Oxbaks, 06??
3
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
4/71
Civtpdnbx 06??7 Lo`ipoxipt ij Jldh Macbokdcs * Xp`imocbdkapt,
Havopxmakx ij Macbokdcol
Akndkaapdkn Ahcoxips, OSVAXA, Xal+)Jor %36 0?6024:232,
bxxv7))jmxlo`+maah-osvaxa+kax)
Pavq`ldcoxdik okh pavpihqcxdik `t vbixicivtdkn mocbdka ip qsdkn
ixbap alacxpikdc maoks okt vopx ij
xbds xbasds ds iklt vapmdxxah ~dxb ~pdxxak vapmdssdik ij xba
oqxbip, xba ohzdsip okh xba baoh ij xba
Lo`ipoxipt+
8
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-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
5/71
-? -0 HX- 6>>)06??-63
,-
+ + , + ))
36-64-06??
, ,
7 ,
JM-MSL +
Ohi`a jlosb CS1+ ,
+
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XBASDS DKJIPMOXDIK SBAAX
Ciha kqm`ap-? Ciha kqm`ap-0 HX- 6>>)06??-63
Xdxla HASDNK OKH HAZALIVMAKX IJ O MQLXDMAHDO
OVVLDCOXDIK JIP CQSXIMDWAH LAOPKDKN DK SALACXAH
DSSQAS IJ MACBOKDCS IJ JLQDHS
Sxqhakx "s$ Holomonos Sixdpdis
Ohzdsip Jdldis A+ Okhpikdeis, Vb+H+
Havopxmakx Macbokdcol Akndkaapdkn Ahcoxips
Lo`ipoxipt Lo`ipoxipt ij Jldh Macbokdcs okh Xp`imocbdkaptHoxa
36-64-06??
Eat~iphs Jldh Macbokdcs, Mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik, Laopkdkn
O`sxpocx7 Xba i`gacxdza ij xba cppakx npohoxdik xbasds ds xba
hazalivmakx ij xba JM-MSL
mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik jip dkhdzdholdwah laopkdkn dk xba cipsa
"Jldh Macbokdcs"+ Xba
ovvldcoxdik ds dk Aknldsb okh jip dxs hazalivmakx sah Ohi`a
jlosb CS1 ~os sah+ Xbpinb xba
ovvldcoxdik, xba sap bos xba ivvipxkdxt xi sxht salacxah
cbovxaps ij ahcoxdikol moxapdol dk
sazapol ij ~bdcb opa olsi silzah arapcdsas ip ovvldcoxdiks+ Xba
ahcoxdikol moxapdol bos `aak
hazalivah dk mihlas ~dxb o sxpcxpa xbox ds jikh dk misx `iies
"Jldh Macbokdcs" ox
khapnpohoxa lazal+ Sima cbovxaps ij xba cikxakxs ij xba
ovvldcoxdik hi kix "~ipe" okh cilh
kix `a dkclhah dk xbds zapsdik ij xba ovvldcoxdik+
1
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8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
6/71
Haclopoxdik ij ocohamdc dkxanpdxt
"$
D, xba khapsdnkah Sixdpdis G+ Holomonos, haclopa xbox xba
vpasakx npohoxdik xbasds
akxdxlah Hasdnk okh hazalivmakx ij o mqlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik jip
cqsximdwah
laopkdkn dk salacxah dssqas ij macbokdcs ij jlqdhs ds mt i~k
~ipe okh xbox oll xba
sipcas xbox D boza sah ip qixah boza `aak dkhdcoxah okh
oceki~lahnah `t
maoks ij cimvlaxa pajapakcas+
YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY
Sixdpdis G+ Holomonos
:
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7/71
Oceki~lahnamakxs
Xbokes xi vpijassip Hp+ Okhpikdeis A+ Jdldis jip bds ndhokca okh
mokt xbokes xi
mt vopakxs jip xbadp akciponamakx okh svvipx, xbpinbix mt
sxhdas+
Sixdpdis G+ Holomonos
>
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
8/71
vona dkxakxdikollt lajx `loke$
2
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
9/71
,
,
+
+
JM-MSL
+
,
, , , + -
,
+
, ,
,
Ohi`a Vbixisbiv CS1 , Ohi`a Ldnbxpiim 0
Ohi`a Dllsxpoxip CS1, , Ohi`a Mahdo
Akcihap CS1 Mondc Zdhai Cikzapxap 2+6+0+?2, Ohi`a Sikh`ii-
xb CS1 + Ohi`a Jlosb CS1 Ohi`a @pdhna CS1
""
, ocxdik scpdvx
3+6 hzh +
4
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
10/71
ARXAKHAH SQMMOPT
Mipa nakapollt, xba mlxdmahdo noza ka~ `li~ dk xba colcloxdkn
stsxams
okh cboknah jpim cbdll colcloxdkn xiils dk maoks ij
akxapxodkmakx, maoks ij
omsamakx ~dxb ahcoxdikol okh xpodkdkn i`gacxdzas, maoks `akajdx
ij aocb
dkjipmoxdik okh cimmkdcoxdik+ Xba ka~ xacbkilindas cok ijjap o
lix ij
vissd`dldxdas dk xba dksxpcxdza ovvpiocb ij vpijassips xi xba
sxhakxs opa
mihapkdsah ~dxb `osa xba ka~ hoxo ij hots okh xbak ij
cikxpd`xdkn balvdkn mipa
~dxb ohdizdsol maoks dk xba laopkdkn ij cipsas+
Xba odm ij xba JM-MSL mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ~bdcb bos `aak
hasdnkah
okh hazalivah dk xba jpoma ij xba cppakx npohoxdik xbasds ds xba
svvipx ij
csximdwah laopkdkn dk salacxah cbovxaps ij macbokdcs ij jldh+ Ox
xba hpoxdik ij
hazalivmakx ij ~ipe okh xoedkn dkxi ciksdhapoxdik xba ozodlo`la
pasipcas dk
mokvi~ap, `acoma ajjipx xi jilli~ oll xba sxonas ij vpihcxdik ij
mlxdmahdo
ovvldcoxdik, xbisa opa, okoltsds, hasdnkdkn, npi~xb, cikxpil okh
hdsxpd`xdik+ Xba
sacxdiks ij ovvldcoxdik xbox opa o`sakx, ds dk xba hdpacx
hazalivmakxol hpo~dkns ij
ovvldcoxdik hasdnkap+
Jip xba cimvlaxdik, xpaoxmakx okh paciphdkn ij ovvldcoxdik, ~apa
sah xba
jilli~dkn pavipxah vpinpoms, jip xba xpaoxmakx ij vbixinpovbs
okh vdcxpas Ohi`a
Vbixisbiv CS1, Ohi`a Ldnbxpiim 0 okh Ohi`a Dllsxpoxip CS1, jip
xba
xpaoxmakx ij zdhais Ohi`a Mahdo Akcihap CS1 okh Mondc Zdhai
Cikzapxap
2+6+0+?2, Ohi`a Sikh`iixb CS1 jip xba xpaoxmakx okh cpaoxdik ij
sikh ajjacxs
dk xba zdhais+ Jdkollt xba ovvldcoxdiks Ohi`a Jlosb CS1 os ~all
os Ohi`a
@pdhna CS1 vlotah xba mipa dmvipxokx pila dk xba "saxv" okh
cpaoxdik ij
ovvldcoxdik os `acoma xba ~pdxdkn, cihdkn okh vlokkdkn dk
loknona ocxdik scpdvx3+6, jdkollt pandsxpoxdik dk xbds mlxdmahdo
ovvldcoxdik dk hzh+
?6
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8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
11/71
XO@LA IJ CIKXAKXS
? DKXPIHQCXDIK ?3?+? MQLXDMAHDO OVVLDCOXDIKS ?8
?+?+? Qsona ij ovvldcoxdik ?1?+0 SCIVA IJ XBA ^IPE ?:
0 JLQDH MACBOKDCS OKH DKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS ?4
0+? JLQDH MACBOKDCS 060+?+? Bdsxipt ij jldh macbokdcs 060+?+0
Haxodls ij jldh macbokdcs 00
0+0 XACBKILINDCOL HAZALIVMAKXS DK JLQDH MACBOKDCS 080+3
MQLXDMAHDO DK JLQDH MACBOKDCS 02
3 OKOLTSDS OKH STKXBASDS IJ OVVLDCOXDIK 3?3+? OKOLTSDS IJ
OVVLDCOXDIK 30
3+?+? Vpvisa, i`gacxdzas okh kaahs 303+?+0 Qsaps 333+?+3
Paqdpamakxs 33
3+?+3+? Cikxakx okh ipdndkoldxt 383+?+3+0 Onpaamakx ~dxb
vpihcxdik vpicassas 38
3+?+8 @paoe hi~k dk sxonas 383+?+8+? Sxpcxpa ij xba ovvldcoxdik
313+?+8+0 Sijx~opa ovvldcoxdik hazalivmakx 3:3+?+8+3 Ozodlo`dldxt
ij moxapdol pasipcas 3:
3+0 CIKXAKXS IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIK 3>3+0+? Xacbkdcol jaoxpas
3>
3+3 ^IPE IK XBA CIMVISDXDIK IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIK 323+8 CIKXPIL OKH
HDSXPD@QXDIK IJ OVVLDCOXDIK 32
3+8+? Mikdxipdkn okh azoloxdik 323+8+0 Paciphs sacpdxt okh
vpixacxdik 323+8+3
Jdkdsbah vpihcx hdsxpd`xdik 34
8 HASCPDVXDIK IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIK 8?8+? DKDXDOL MAKQ 808+0
SCPAAKSBIXS 81
8+0+? Dkxpihcxdik 818+0+0 Vpivapxdas ij jldhs 8>8+0+3 Jldhs
sxoxdcs 848+0+8 Edkamoxdcs ij jldh mixdik 1?8+0+1 Okoltsds ij jldh
jli~s 108+0+: Hdmaksdikol okoltsds okh sdmdldxha 138+0+> @ikhopt
lotaps 18
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12/71
?0
1 CIKCLQSDIKS 111+? SQMMOPT OKH PAZDA^ 1:1+0 JQXQPA ^IPE
1>
:
PAJAPAKCAS 14:+? PAJAPAKCAS JIP ^PDXXAK ^IPE :6
:+?+? Dkxapkax sipcas :6:+0 PAJAPAKCAS JIP XBA OVVLDCOXDIK
:?
:+0+? Dkxapkax sipcas jip xba xarxs :0:+0+0 Dkxapkax sipcas jip
xba vpinpommdkn :1
OKKAR 7 XARXS DKXI XBA OVVLDCOXDIK :>
OKKAR 7 HZH IJ MQLXDMAHDO OVVLDCOXDIK DK VOCEDKN >?
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?3
?
DKXPIHQCXDIK
CIKXAKX
?+? ?8MQLXDMAHDO OVVLDCOXDIKS
?+?+? ?1Qsona ij ovvldcoxdik
?+0 ?:SCIVA IJ XBA ^IPE
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?8 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
?+? MQLXDMAHDO OVVLDCOXDIKSMlxdmahdo vpasakxoxdiks cok `a ldza
ip paciphah+ O paciphah vpasakxoxdik
mot olli~ dkxapocxdzdxt zdo o kozdnoxdik stsxam+ O ldza
mlxdmahdo vpasakxoxdik
mot olli~ dkxapocxdzdxt zdo ok dkxapocxdik ~dxb xba vpasakxap ip
vapjipmap+
Mlxdmahdo mot `a `piohlt hdzdhah dkxi ldkaop okh kik-ldkaop
coxanipdas+ Ld-
kaop ocxdza cikxakx vpinpassas ~dxbix okt kozdnoxdikol cikxpil
jip xba zda~ap
scb os o cdkamo vpasakxoxdik5 xba vpasakxoxdik ds xba vpocxdca
ij sbi~dkn okh ar-
vlodkdkn xba cikxakx ij o xivdc xi ok ohdakca ip laopkap+
Vpasakxoxdiks cima dk
kaoplt os mokt jipms os xbapa opa ldja sdxoxdiks+ Kik-ldkaop
cikxakx ijjaps sap dk-
xapocxdzdxt xi cikxpil vpinpass os sah ~dxb o cimvxap noma ip
sah dk salj-vocah
cimvxap `osah xpodkdkn+ Btvapmahdo ds ok aromvla ij kik-ldkaop
cikxakx, btvap-
mahdo ds sah os o lindcol arxaksdik ij xba xapm btvapxarx dk
~bdcb npovbdcs, o-
hdi, zdhai, vlodk xarx okh btvapldkes dkxapx~dka xi cpaoxa o
nakapollt kik-ldkaopmahdm ij dkjipmoxdik+
Xba xapm "mlxdmahdo" ~os cidkah `t @i` Nilhsxadk xi vpimixa xba
Glt
?4::?+ Ik Onsx ?6, ?4::, Pdcboph Ol`opdki ij Zopdaxt `ippi~ah
xba xapmdkil-
int, pavipxdkn7 @podkcbdlh ij sikn scpd`a cimdc @i` "^osbdknxik
Sqopa$
Nilhsxadk, xba Ldnbx~ipes ds xba loxasx mlxd-mahdo
msdc-cm-zdsols xi ha`x
os hdscixbqa jopa+" X~i taops loxap, dk ?4:2, xba xapm mlxdmahdo
~os pa-
ovvpivpdoxah xi hascpd`a xba ~ipe ij o vildxdcol cikslxokx,
Hozdh So~tap, xba
bs`okh ij Dpds So~tap ika ij Nilhsxadks vpihcaps ox LIpsdk+
Dk xba dkxapzakdkn jipxt taops, xba ~iph bos xoeak ik hdjjapakx
maokdkns+ Dk
xba loxa ?4>6s xba xapm ~os sah xi hascpd`a vpasakxoxdiks
ciksdsxdkn ij mlxd-vpigacxip sldha sbi~s xdmah xi ok ohdi xpoce+
Bi~azap, `t xba ?446s .mlxdma-
hdo. xiie ik dxs cppakx maokdkn0+
Xba Napmok loknona sicdaxt, Nasallscbojx jp haxscba Svpocba,
hacdhah xi
pacinkdwa xba ~iph.s sdnkdjdcokca okh `dqdxis kass dk xba ?446s
`t o~ophdkn dx
xba xdxla ij .^iph ij xba Taop. dk ?441+ Xba dksxdxxa smmah v
dxs poxdikola `t
sxoxdkn "UMlxdmahdo] bos `acima o cakxpol ~iph dk xba ~ikhapjl
ka~ mahdo
~iplh"
Dk cimmik sona, xba xapm mlxdmahdo pajaps xi ok alacxpikdcollt
haldzapah
cim`dkoxdik ij mahdo dkclhdkn zdhai, sxdll dmonas, ohdi, xarx dk
scb o ~ot xbox
cok `a occassah dkxapocxdzalt+ Mcb ij xba cikxakx ik xba ~a`
xihot jolls ~dxbdkxbds hajdkdxdik os khapsxiih `t mdlldiks+ Sima
cimvxaps ~bdcb ~apa mopeaxah dk
xba ?446s ~apa collah "mlxdmahdo" cimvxaps `acosa xbat
dkcipvipoxah o CH-
PIM hpdza, ~bdcb olli~ah jip xba haldzapt ij sazapol bkhpah
mano`txas ij
zdhai, vdcxpa, okh ohdi hoxo+
Sdkca mahdo ds xba vlpol ij mahdm, xba xapm "mlxdmahdo" ds o
vlaikosm dj
"mlxd" ds sah xi hascpd`a mlxdvla iccppakcas ij iklt ika jipm ij
mahdo scb os
o cillacxdik ij ohdi CHs+ Xbds ds ~bt dx .s dmvipxokx xbox xba
~iph "mlxdmahdo" ds
sah arclsdzalt xi hascpd`a mlxdvla jipms ij mahdo okh
cikxakx+
? ^dedvahdo, Mlxdmahdo, Bdsxipt ij xba xapm dk mlxdmahdo,
bxxv7))xdktpl+cim)::cx`38 oc-
cassah ?1-1-06??$+0 ^dedvahdo, Mlxdmahdo, Bdsxipt ij xba xapm dk
mlxdmahdo, bxxv7))xdktpl+cim)::cx`38 oc-
cassah ?1-1-06??$+
http://tinyurl.com/66ctb34http://tinyurl.com/66ctb34http://tinyurl.com/66ctb34http://tinyurl.com/66ctb34
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8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
15/71
DKXPIHQCXDIK ?1
Xba xapm "mlxdmahdo" ds olsi om`dnis+ Sxoxdc cikxakx scb os o
vo-vap
`iie$ mot `a ciksdhapah mlxdmahdo dj dx cikxodks `ixb vdcxpas
okh xarx ip mot
`a ciksdhapah dkxapocxdza dj xba sap dkxapocxs `t xpkdkn vonas
ox ~dll+ @iies mot
olsi `a ciksdhapah kik-ldkaop dj xba vonas opa occassah
kik-saqakxdollt+ Xba xapm
"zdhai", dj kix sah arclsdzalt xi hascpd`a mixdik vbixinpovbt,
ds om`dnis dk
mlxdmahdo xapmdkilint+ Zdhai ds ijxak sah xi hascpd`a xba jdla
jipmox, haldzapt
jipmox, ip vpasakxoxdik jipmox dksxaoh ij "jiixona" ~bdcb ds sah
xi hdsxdkndsb
mixdik vbixinpovbt jpim "okdmoxdik" ij pakhapah mixdik dmonapt+
Mlxdvla
jipms ij dkjipmoxdik cikxakx opa ijxak kix ciksdhapah mihapk
jipms ij vpasakxo-
xdik scb os ohdi ip zdhai+ Ldea~dsa, sdknla jipms ij dkjipmoxdik
cikxakx ~dxb
sdknla maxbihs ij dkjipmoxdik vpicassdkn a+n+ kik-dkxapocxdza
ohdi$ opa ijxak
collah mlxdmahdo, vapbovs xi hdsxdkndsb sxoxdc mahdo jpim ocxdza
mahdo+ Dk xba
Jdka opxs, jip aromvla, Laho Lss Lteak.s MihlOpx `pdkns x~i eat
alamakxs ij
msdcol cimvisdxdik okh jdlm dkxi xba ~iplh ij vodkxdkn7
zopdoxdik ij o xbama okh
mizamakx ij okh ~dxbdk o vdcxpa, moedkn MihlOpx ok dkxapocxdza
mlxdmahdo
jipm ij opx+ Vapjipmdkn opxs mot olsi `a ciksdhapah mlxdmahdo
ciksdhapdkn xbox
vapjipmaps okh vpivs opa mlxdvla jipms ij `ixb cikxakx okh
mahdo+
Xba zopdis jipmoxs ij xacbkilindcol ip hdndxol mlxdmahdo mot `a
dk-xakhah
xi akbokca xba saps. arvapdakca, jip aromvla xi moea dx aosdap
okh josxap xi cik-
zat dkjipmoxdik ip dk akxapxodkmakx ik opx, xi xpokscakh
azapthot arvapdakca+
Akbokcah lazals ij dkxapocxdzdxt opa moha vissd`la `t cim`dkdkn
mlxdvla
jipms ij mahdo cikxakx+ Ikldka mlxdmahdo ds dkcpaosdknlt
`acimdkn i`gacx-
ipdakxah okh hoxo-hpdzak, ako`ldkn ovvldcoxdiks ~dxb
cillo`ipoxdza akh-sap dkki-
zoxdik okh vapsikoldwoxdik ik mlxdvla jipms ij cikxakx izap
xdma+ Aromvlas ij
xbasa pokna jpim mlxdvla jipms ij cikxakx ik ^a` sdxas ldea
vbixi nollapdas ~dxb`ixb dmonas vdcxpas$ okh xdxla xarx$
sap-vhoxah, xi sdmloxdiks ~bisa ciajjd-
cdakxs, azakxs, dllsxpoxdiks, okdmoxdiks ip zdhais opa
mihdjdo`la, olli~dkn xba
mlxdmahdo "arvapdakca" xi `a olxapah ~dxbix pavpinpommdkn+ Dk
ohhdxdik xi saa-
dkn okh baopdkn, bacxdc xacbkilint ako`las zdpxol i`gacxs xi `a
jalx+ Amapndkn
xacbkilint dkzilzdkn dllsdiks ij xosxa okh small mot olsi
akbokca xba mlxdmahdo
arvapdakca+
Mlxdmahdo pavpasakxs xba cikzapnakca ij xarx, vdcxpas, zdhai okh
sikh dkxi
o sdknla jipm+ Xba vi~ap ij mlxdmahdo okh xba Dkxapkax ldas dk
xba ~ot dk ~bdcb
dkjipmoxdik ds ldkeah+ Mlxdmahdo okh xba Dkxapkax paqdpa o
cimvlaxalt ka~ ov-
vpiocb xi ~pdxdkn+ Xba sxtla ij ~pdxdkn xbox ds ovvpivpdoxa jip
xba .ik-ldka ~iplh. dsbdnblt ivxdmdwah okh hasdnkah xi `a o`la xi
`a qdcelt scokkah `t paohaps+
?+?+? Qsona ij ovvldcoxdikMlxdmahdo jdkhs dxs ovvldcoxdik dk
zopdis opaos dkclhdkn, `x kix ldmdxah xi,
ohzapxdsamakxs, opx, ahcoxdik, akxapxodkmakx, akndkaapdkn,
mahdcdka, moxbamoxdcs,
`sdkass, scdakxdjdc pasaopcb okh svoxdol xamvipol ovvldcoxdiks+
Sazapol aromvlas
ldea, Cpaoxdza dkhsxpdas, Cimmapcdol, asvacdollt, dk ohhdxdik,
mlxdmahdo ds baoz-
dlt sah dk xba akxapxodkmakx dkhsxpt, asvacdollt xi hazaliv
svacdol ajjacxs dk
mizdas okh okdmoxdiks+
Mlxdmahdo nomas opa o vivlop vosxdma okh opa sijx~opa vpinpoms
ozodlo`la
adxbap os CH-PIMs ip ikldka+ Sima zdhai nomas olsi sa mlxdmahdo
jaoxpas+
Mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks xbox olli~ saps xi ocxdzalt vopxdcdvoxa
dksxaoh ij gsx sdx-
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?: MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
xdkn `t os vossdza pacdvdakxs ij dkjipmoxdik opa collah
Dkxapocxdza Mlxdmahdo+ Dk
xba Opxs xbapa opa mlxdmahdo opxdsxs, ~bisa mdkhs opa o`la xi
`lakh xacbkdqas s-
dkn hdjjapakx mahdo xbox dk sima ~ot dkcipvipoxas dkxapocxdik
~dxb xba zda~ap+ Ika
ij xba misx palazokx cilh `a Vaxap Npaako~ot ~bi ds malhdkn
Cdkamo ~dxb Ivapo
okh oll sipxs ij hdndxol mahdo+ Okixbap ovvpiocb akxodls xba
cpaoxdik ij mlxdmahdo
xbox cok `a hdsvlotah dk o xpohdxdikol jdka opxs opako, scb os
ok opx nollapt+
Olxbinb mlxdmahdo hdsvlot moxapdol mot `a ziloxdla, xba
spzdzo`dldxt ij xba
cikxakx ds os sxpikn os okt xpohdxdikol mahdo+ Hdndxol paciphdkn
moxapdol mot `a
gsx os hpo`la okh dkjdkdxalt pavpihcd`la ~dxb vapjacx civdas
azapt xdma+ Karx ds
Ahcoxdik, Dk Ahcoxdik, mlxdmahdo ds sah xi vpihca cimvxap `osah
xpodkdkn
cipsas vivloplt collah C@Xs$ okh pajapakca `iies ldea
akctclivahdo okh olmo-
kocs+ O C@X laxs xba sap ni xbpinb o sapdas ij vpasakxoxdiks,
xarx o`ix o vop-
xdclop xivdc, okh ossicdoxah dllsxpoxdiks dk zopdis dkjipmoxdik
jipmoxs+ Ahxodk-
makx ds ok dkjipmol xapm sah xi hascpd`a cim`dkdkn ahcoxdik ~dxb
akxapxodk-
makx, asvacdollt mlxdmahdo akxapxodkmakx+ Laopkdkn xbaipt dk xba
vosx hacoha bosarvokhah hpomoxdcollt `acosa ij xba dkxpihcxdik ij
mlxdmahdo+ Sazapol ldkas ij
pasaopcb boza azilzah a+n+ Cinkdxdza lioh, Mlxdmahdo laopkdkn,
okh xba ldsx nias
ik$+ Xba vissd`dldxdas jip laopkdkn okh dksxpcxdik opa kaoplt
akhlass+
Xba dhao ij mahdo cikzapnakca ds olsi `acimdkn o mogip jocxip dk
ahcoxdik,
vopxdcloplt bdnbap ahcoxdik+ Hajdkah os savopoxa xacbkilindas
scb os zidca okh
xalavbikt jaoxpas$, hoxo okh vpihcxdzdxt ovvldcoxdiks$ okh zdhai
xbox ki~ sbopa
pasipcas okh dkxapocx ~dxb aocb ixbap, stkapndsxdcollt cpaoxdkn
ka~ ajjdcdakcdas,
mahdo cikzapnakca ds povdhlt cbokndkn xba cppdclm dk kdzapsdxdas
oll izap xba
~iplh+ Ldea~dsa, dx ds cbokndkn xba ozodlo`dldxt, ip loce
xbapaij, ij gi`s paqdpdkn
xbds sozzt xacbkilindcol sedll+ Dk xba akh ~a boza, Akndkaapdkn,
sijx~opa akndkaapsmot sa mlxdmahdo dk+
Cimvxap sdmloxdik xi xpodkdkn okt jpim akxapxodkmakx ldea os
mdldxopt ip dk-
hsxpdol xpodkdkn+ Mlxdmahdo jip sijx~opa dkxapjocas opa ijxak
hika os cillo`ipo-
xdik `ax~aak cpaoxdza vpijassdikols okh sijx~opa akndkaaps+ +
Karx ds Dkhsxpt, Dk
xba Dkhsxpdol sacxip, mlxdmahdo ds sah os o ~ot xi balv vpasakx
dk-jipmoxdik xi
sbopabilhaps, svapdips okh ci~ipeaps+ Mlxdmahdo ds olsi balvjl
jip vpizdhdkn
amvlitaa xpodkdkn, ohzapxdsdkn okh salldkn vpihcxs oll izap xba
~iplh zdo zdpxollt
kldmdxah ~a`-`osah xacbkilint+
?+0 SCIVA IJ XBA ^IPEMlxdmahdo mot `a hajdkah os xba dkxanpoxdik
ij zdhai, ohdi, npovbdcs, okd-
moxdik okh xarx xi cpaoxa ok dkxapocxdza cimvxap ovvldcoxdik+
Mlxdmahdo bi~azap
cok `a sah xi cizap azaptxbdkn jpim xba sdmvlasx cimvxap `osah
vpasakxoxdik xi
xba misx cimvlar CH-PIM `osah pajapakca xdxla+
Dk pacakx taops, xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ds ~dhalt sah dk
cikxposx ~dxb
vpazdis taops ~os olmisx dmvissd`la+ Asvacdollt dk ahcoxdik boza
kixdcah xbox
~a boza ki~ xba vissd`dldxt xi sa ohdizdsol mahdo xi jocdldxoxa
okh dmvpiza
sxhakx laopkdkn+ @x xbapa opa ki lopna gmvs dk xba Npaae
ahcoxdik poxbap xbok
dkhdzdhol vopxs o kdzapsdxt, xacbkdcol scbiil ahcoxdik ~dxb
svacdoldwoxdik dk
mlxdmahdo okh dkjipmoxdik xacbkilint+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
17/71
DKXPIHQCXDIK ?>
Xba vpvisa ij xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik xbox ds `osah ik xba
misx povdhlt
~bapa dx akxaps xba ovvldcoxdik dk xba jdalh ij ahcoxdik, ~a cok
stkcbpikdwa os
mokt scdakca ndzas s xba ivvipxkdxt xi moea vissd`la xba sa ij
xba ovvldcoxdik
Gidkah xihot dk oll `pokcbas cipsas dk scbiils okh kdzapsdxt
asvacdollt dk xbds
xbasds ik jldh macbokdcs+
Mixdzoxdik ~os mt dkxapasx dk jldh macbokdcs okh mihapkdwdkn dx
jip xba `asx
okh misx dkxapasxdkn laopkdkn xba lassik+ Dkjipmoxdik stsxams
okh asvacdollt ml-
xdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks olxapah xba xpohdxdikol ~ot ij xaocbdkn `t
ijjapdkn ka~ okh
cimvpabaksdza ahcoxdikol vpicassas+ Dk ok ajjipx xi dhakxdjt xba
Npaae hamokh
jip mlxdmahdo ahcoxdikol moxapdols, cikhcxah o pasaopcb ~bisa
modk i`gacxdza
~os xi haxacx ardsxdkn xacbkilint xiils okh xba paslxs mot laoh
xi sacikhopt ah-
coxdik+
Xba vixakxdol ij mlxdmahdo xi havdcx xba s`gacxs sdkn
vbixinpovbs, npovb-
dcs, ohdi okh zdhai, okh ij cipsa cim`dkah ~dxb dkxapocxdzdxt,
cikxpd`xa xi `ax-
xap xpoksmdssdik ij dkjipmoxdik ~dxb xpohdxdikol xaocbdkn+
Ardsxdkn mlxdmahdo xiils opa qdxa bokht okh o`la xi cpaoxa
ovvldcoxdiks xi
svvipx moxbamoxdcol xbaipdas xi pavpasakx npovbs xi balv
laopkaps sxht xbpinb
jlard`la okh hdzapsa aromvlas, xi xba xpodkdkns okh azak xi
akxapxodk+
Dk mt oxxamvx xi licoxa xba misx sdxo`la mlxdmahdo xiils jip
xaocbdkn jldh
macbokdcs boh xi haol ~dxb hdjjapakx xtvas ij hasdnk vpigacxs
~bapa aocb ika cik-
xpd`xah dk xbadp i~k svacdol ~ot xba ahcoxdikol vpicass+
Xba ~pdxxak vopx ij xbds ~ipe ds hazalivah dk xba jilli~dkn
cbovxaps7
Dk cbovxap 0, xba ~pdxap dkjipms s jip xba macbokdcs ij jldh,
jpxbapmipa jipxba bdsxipt okh xba haxodls ij jldhs+ Xbak xba ~pdxap
okoltwas xi s jip xba
ka~ap xacbkilindcol ovvldcoxdiks os mlxdmahdo dk xba macbokdcs
ij jldh+ Dk cbovxap 3, ds vpasakxah xba sxona ij okoltsds ij
mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik xbox
odms ox os xba vpasakxoxdik oll ij alamakxs xbox alacxs
macbokdcs jldh dk dxs ak-
xdpaxt, mipaizap xba ~pdxap ~okx xi so~ xba okoltsds ij xtvas
okh mipa nakapollt
xba xbaipt ij jldh+
Dk cbovxap 8, ds vpasakxah xba ovvldcoxdik ~dxb vdcxpas+ Dk
cbovxap 1, opa ndzak xba cikclsdiks ~bdcb paslxah jpim xba cpaoxdik
ij ml-
xdmahdo ovvldcoxdik os ~all os xba vpisvacxs ij xbds+
Dk cbovxap :, opa ndzak coxanipdwah xba `d`ldinpovbdc sipcas
xbox ~apa sah jipxba hazalivmakx ij ~ipe+
Jdkollt, dk Okkar D oxxocbah xba ~ipedkn hicmakxs okh sajl
dkjipmoxdiko`ix xba jldh macbokdcs ij ~bdcb opa mcb oxxocbah xi xba
PIM okh xbak dk Ok-
kar DD ds o vdcxpa ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik hzh+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
18/71
?2 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
vona dkxakxdikollt lajx `loke$
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
19/71
?4
0
JLQDH MACBOKDCS OKH
DKJIPMOXDIK XACBKILINDAS
CIKXAKXS
0+? 06JLQDH MACBOKDCS
0+?+? 06Bdsxipt ij jldh macbokdcs
0+?+0 00Haxodls ij jldh macbokdcs
0+0 08XACBKILINDCOL HAZALIVMAKXS DK JLQDH MACBOKDCS
0+3 02MQLXDMAHDO DK JLQDH MACBOKDCS
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
20/71
06 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
0+? JLQDH MACBOKDCSJldh macbokdcs ds xba sxht ij jldhs okh xba
jipcas ik xbam+ Xbasa Jldhs
dkclha ldqdhs, nosas, okh vlosmos dk cimmik sona, "jldh" ds
ijxak sah os o
stkiktm jip "ldqdh", ~dxb ki dmvldcoxdik xbox nos cilh olsi `a
vpasakx+ Jip ar-
omvla, "`poea jldh" ds bthpoldc idl okh ~dll kix vapjipm dxs
paqdpah jkcxdik dj
xbapa ds nos dk dx+
Jldh macbokdcs cok `a hdzdhah dkxi jldh edkamoxdcs, xba sxht ij
jldh mi-
xdik, okh jldh htkomdcs xba jldh htkomdcs ds o s`-hdscdvldka ij
jldh macbokdcs
xbox haols ~dxb jldh jli~xba koxpol scdakca ij jldhs dk mixdik+
Dx bos sazapol
s` hdscdvldkas dxsalj, dkclhdkn oapihtkomdcs okh
bthpihtkomdcs+
Xba sxht ij xba ajjacx ij jipcas ik jldh mixdik, ~bdcb cok
jpxbap `a hdzdhah
dkxi jldh sxoxdcs, xba sxht ij jldhs ox pasx, okh jldh edkaxdcs,
xba sxht ij jldhs
dk mixdik+ Jldh macbokdcs, asvacdollt jldh htkomdcs, ds ok
ocxdza jdalh ij pa-saopcb ~dxb mokt ksilzah ip vopxlt silzah
vpi`lams+
Jldh macbokdcs cok `a moxbamoxdcollt cimvlar+ Simaxdmas dx cok
`asx `a
silzah `t kmapdcol maxbihs, xtvdcollt sdkn cimvxaps+ O mihapk
hdscdvldka,
collah cimvxoxdikol jldh htkomdcs, ds hazixah xi xbds ovvpiocb
xi silzdkn jldh
macbokdcs vpi`lams+ Olsi xoedkn ohzokxona ij xba bdnblt zdsol
koxpa ij jldh
jli~ ds vopxdcla dmona zalicdmaxpt, ok arvapdmakxol maxbih jip
zdsoldwdkn okh
okoltwdkn jldh jli~+
0+?+? Bdsxipt ij jlqdh macbokdcsXba sxht ij jldh macbokdcs nias
`oce ox laosx xi xba hots ij okcdakx Npaaca,
~bak Opcbdmahas? dkzasxdnoxah jldh sxoxdcs okh `itokct okh
jipmloxah bds jo-
mis lo~ eki~k ki~ os xba Opcbdmahas. Vpdkcdvla+ Povdh
ohzokcamakx dk jldh
macbokdcs `anok ~dxb Laikophi ho Zdkcd 0 i`sapzoxdik okh
arvapdmakx$, Azoknal-
dsxo Xippdcalld3 `opimaxap$, Dsooc Ka~xik8 zdscisdxt$ okh @lodsa
Voscol1 bthpi-
sxoxdcs$, okh ~os cikxdkah `t Hokdal @apkilld: ~dxb xba
dkxpihcxdik ij moxba-
moxdcol jldh htkomdcs dk Bthpihtkomdc o ?>32$+ Dkzdscdh jli~
~os jpxbap oko-
ltwah `t zopdis moxbamoxdcdoks Laikboph Alap>, h.Olam`apx,
Lonpokna2,
Lovloca4, Vidssik?6$ okh zdscis jli~ ~os arvlipah `t o mlxdxha
ij akndkaaps
dkclhdkn Vidsadlla?? okh Nixxbdlj Badkpdcb Lh~dn Bonak ?0+
Jpxbap moxbamoxd-
col gsxdjdcoxdik ~os vpizdhah `t Cloha-Lids Kozdap?3 okh Naipna
No`pdal
?Opcbdmahas ij Stpocsa, bxxv7))xdktpl+cim)1psvrtb occassah
?>-1-06??$+
0 Laikophi hd sap Vdapi ho Zdkcd, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)q~ixr occassah
?>-1-06??$+3 Azoknaldsxo Xippdcalld, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ls188
occassah ?>-1-06??$+8
Sdp Dsooc Ka~xik, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)2ve8` occassah
?>-1-06??$+1
@lodsa Voscol, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)zcowd occassah ?>-1-06??$+:
Hokdal @apkilld, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)wajrn occassah
?>-1-06??$+>
Laikboph Alap, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)qn~mt occassah ?>-1-06??$+2
Gisavb-Lids Lonpokna+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)hnd0n occassah
?>-1-06??$+4 Vdappa-Sdmik mopqds ha Lovloca,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8c1oeoccassah ?>-1-06??$+?6 Sdmik Hakds Vidssik,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)q6l0joccassah ?>-1-06??$+??
Gaok Lids Mopda Vidsadlla, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8?pct occassah
?>-1-06??$+?0
Nixxbdlj Badkpdcb Lh~dn Bonak, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)1tz4joccassah
?>-1-06??$+?3
Cloha-Lids Kozdap, bxxv7))xdkt+cc):o0qg occassah
?>-1-06??$+
http://tinyurl.com/5rspxyhhttp://tiny.cc/qwotxhttp://../.%20http:/tiny.cc/ls544http://tiny.cc/8pk4bhttp://tiny.cc/vcazihttp://tiny.cc/zefxghttp://tiny.cc/qgwmyhttp://tiny.cc/dgi2ghttp://tiny.cc/4c5akhttp://tiny.cc/q0l2fhttp://tiny.cc/41rcyhttp://tiny.cc/5yv9fhttp://tiny.cc/6a2qjhttp://tiny.cc/6a2qjhttp://tiny.cc/5yv9fhttp://tiny.cc/41rcyhttp://tiny.cc/q0l2fhttp://tiny.cc/4c5akhttp://tiny.cc/dgi2ghttp://tiny.cc/qgwmyhttp://tiny.cc/zefxghttp://tiny.cc/vcazihttp://tiny.cc/8pk4bhttp://../.%20http:/tiny.cc/ls544http://tiny.cc/qwotxhttp://tinyurl.com/5rspxyh
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
21/71
JLQDHMACBOKDCSOKHDKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS 0?
Sxieas?8 dk xba KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks, okh `ikhopt lotaps ~apa
dkzasxdnoxah
Lh~dn Vpokhxl?1$, ~bdla zopdis scdakxdsxs Is`ipka Patkilhs?:,
Okhpat Eilmi-
nipiz?>, okh Naijjpat Dknpom Xotlip?2$ ohzokcah xba
khapsxokhdkn ij jldh zds-
cisdxt okh xp`lakca+
Asvacdollt ~a boza, xba jkhomakxol vpdkcdvlas ij bthpisxoxdcs
~apa ndzak `t
Opcbdmahas dk bds ~ipe Ik Jlioxdkn @ihdas, opikh 016 @C+ Dk dx,
Opcbdmahas
hazalivs xba lo~ ij `itokct?4, olsi eki~k os Opcbdmahas.
Vpdkcdvla+ Xbds vpdk-
cdvla sxoxas xbox o `iht dmmapsah dk o jldh arvapdakcas o `itokx
jipca aqol xi
xba ~adnbx ij xba jldh dx hdsvlocas+ Opcbdmahas modkxodkah xbox
aocb vopxdcla ij o
jldh moss, ~bak dk aqdld`pdm, ds aqollt vpassah dk azapt
hdpacxdik5 okh ba dk-
qdpah dkxi xba cikhdxdiks occiphdkn xi ~bdcb o sildh `iht
jlioxdkn dk o jldh
sbilh ossma okh vpasapza o visdxdik ij aqdld`pdm+
Xba ajjacxs ij jpdcxdik okh zdscisdxt dk hdmdkdsbdkn xba
zalicdxt ij pkkdkn
~oxap ~apa kixdcah dk xba Vpdkcdvdo ij Sdp Dsooc Ka~xik, ~bi
xbpa~ mcb ldnbx
vik sazapol `pokcbas ij bthpimacbokdcs+ Ox o xdma ~bak xba
Copxasdok stsxam ij
zipxdcas kdzapsollt vpazodlah, ba jikh dx kacassopt xi
dkzasxdnoxa xbox btvixbasds,
okh dk xba cipsa ij bds dkzasxdnoxdiks ba sbi~ah xbox xba
zalicdxt ij okt sxpoxm
ij xba zipxar ds ok opdxbmaxdcol maok `ax~aak xba zalicdxdas ij
xba sxpoxo ~bdcb ak-
clisa dx5 okh jpim xbds dx azdhakxlt jilli~s xbox xba zalicdxt
ij o jdlomakx ij ~oxap
mizdkn dk o vdva ds ok opdxbmaxdcol maok `ax~aak xba zalicdxdas
ij xba jdlomakxs
~bdcb sppikh dx+
Dk ?>32 Hokdal @apkilld v`ldsbah bds xbaipt ij xba mixdik ij
jldhs+ Ba sv-
visah xbox xba spjoca ij xba jldh, cikxodkah dk o zassal ~bdcb
ds amvxtdkn dxsalj
`t ok ipdjdca, pamodks ol~ots bipdwikxol5 okh, dj xba jldh moss
ds cikcadzah xi `a
hdzdhah dkxi ok dkjdkdxa km`ap ij bipdwikxol sxpoxo ij xba soma
`le, xbox xbasasxpoxo pamodk cikxdnis xi aocb ixbap, okh xbox oll
xbadp vidkxs hascakh zapxdcollt,
~dxb zalicdxdas dkzapsalt vpivipxdikol xi xbadp `paohxb, ip xi
xba bipdwikxol sacxdiks
ij xba pasapzidp+ Dk iphap xi haxapmdka xba mixdik ij aocb
sxpoxm, ba amvlitah
xba vpdkcdvla ij xba ciksapzoxdi zdpdm zdzopm, okh i`xodkah zapt
alanokx sil-
xdiks+ Xba xbaipt ij Hokdal @apkilld ~os ivvisah olsi `t Gaok la
Pikh h.Olam-
`apx06+
^bak nakapoldwdkn xba xbaipt ij vakhlms ij Goci` @apkilld ba
hdscizapah
o vpdkcdvla ij htkomdcs si sdmvla okh nakapol xbox dx pahcah xba
lo~s ij xba mi-
xdiks ij `ihdas xi xbox ij xbadp aqdld`pdm+ Ba ovvldah xbds
vpdkcdvla xi xba mixdik
ij jldhs, okh noza o svacdmak ij dxs ovvldcoxdik ox xba akh ij
bds Htkomdcs dk?>83+ Ba moha sa ij xba soma svvisdxdiks os
Hokdal @apkilld, xbinb bds colc-
ls ~os asxo`ldsbah dk o zapt hdjjapakx mokkap+ Ba ciksdhapah, ox
azapt dksxokx, xba
ocxol mixdik ij o sxpoxm os cimvisah ij o mixdik ~bdcb dx boh dk
xba vpacahdkn
dksxokx okh ij o mixdik ~bdcb dx boh lisx5 okh xba lo~s ij
aqdld`pdm `ax~aak xba
mixdiks lisx jpkdsbah bdm ~dxb aqoxdiks pavpasakxdkn xba mixdik
ij xba jldh+ Dx
?8Sdp Naipna No`pdal Sxieas, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)4so8 occassah
?>-1-06??$+
?1Lh~dn Vpokhxl, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)vbpm: occassah
?>-1-06??$+
?: Is`ipka Patkilhs, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)zxkon occassah
?>-1-06??$+?> Okhpat Kdeiloazdcb Eilminipiz,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)hc4c2 occassah ?>-1-06??$+?2
Sdp Naijjpat Dknpom Xotlip, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)n`>j3 occassah
?>-1-06??$+?4
@itokct lo~, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)38~~poccassah ?>-1-06??$+06
Gaok-@ovxdsxa la Pikh h.Olam`apx, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ri~6h occassah
?>-1-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/u9sa4http://tiny.cc/phrm6http://tiny.cc/vtnaghttp://tiny.cc/dc9c8http://tiny.cc/gb7f3http://tiny.cc/34wwrhttp://tiny.cc/xow0dhttp://tiny.cc/xow0dhttp://tiny.cc/34wwrhttp://tiny.cc/gb7f3http://tiny.cc/dc9c8http://tiny.cc/vtnaghttp://tiny.cc/phrm6http://tiny.cc/u9sa4
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
22/71
00 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
pamodkah o hasdhapoxm xi arvpass `t aqoxdiks xba mixdik ij o
vopxdcla ij xba
jldh dk okt ossdnkah hdpacxdik+ Xbasa aqoxdiks ~apa jikh `t
h.Olam`apx jpim
x~i vpdkcdvlas - xbox o pac xoknlop cokol, xoeak dk o moss ij
jldh dk aqdld`pdm, ds
dxsalj dk aqdld`pdm, okh xbox o vipxdik ij xba jldh, dk vossdkn
jpim ika vloca xi
okixbap, vpasapzas xba soma zilma ~bak xba jldh ds
dkcimvpassd`la, ip hdloxas dx-
salj occiphdkn xi o ndzak lo~ ~bak xba jldh ds alosxdc+
Ika ij xba misx sccassjl lo`ipaps dk xba scdakca ij
bthpihtkomdcs ox xbds
vapdih ~os Vdappa Lids Naipnas H`ox ?>38?264$+ H`ox
ciksdhapah xbox dj
~oxap ~os o vapjacx jldh, okh xba cbokkals dk ~bdcb dx jli~ah
dkjdkdxalt smiixb,
dxs mixdik ~ilh `a cikxdkollt occalapoxah, ldea xbox ij `ihdas
hascakhdkn dk ok
dkcldkah vloka+ @x os xba mixdik ij pdzaps ds kix cikxdkollt
occalapoxah, okh siik
oppdzas ox o sxoxa ij kdjipmdxt, dx ds azdhakx xbox xba
zdscisdxt ij xba ~oxap, okh xba
jpdcxdik ij xba cbokkal dk ~bdcb dx hascakhs, msx aqol xba
occalapoxdkn jipca+
H`ox, xbapajipa, ossmah dx os o vpivisdxdik ij jkhomakxol
dmvipxokca xbox,
~bak ~oxap jli~s dk okt cbokkal ip `ah, xba occalapoxdkn jipca
~bdcb i`ldnas dx ximiza ds aqol xi xba sm ij oll xba pasdsxokcas
~bdcb dx maaxs ~dxb, ~baxbap xbat
opdsa jpim dxs i~k zdscisdxt ip jpim xba jpdcxdik ij dxs `ah+
Xbds vpdkcdvla ~os am-
vlitah `t bdm dk xba jdpsx ahdxdik ij bds ~ipe, ~bdcb ovvaopah
dk ?>>4+
Dk ?212 Bapmokk zik Balmbilxw0? v`ldsbah bds samdkol vovap+ Dk
bds vovap
Balmbilxw asxo`ldsbah bds xbpaa "lo~s ij zipxar mixdik" dk mcb
xba soma ~ot
ika jdkhs xbam dk okt ohzokcah xarx`iie ij jldh macbokdcs xihot+
Xbds ~ipe as-
xo`ldsbah xba sdnkdjdcokca ij zipxdcdxt xi jldh macbokdcs okh
scdakca dk nakapol+
Jip xba karx cakxpt ip si zipxar htkomdcs moxpah os o s`jdalh ij
jldh macbok-
dcs, ol~ots cimmokhdkn ox laosx o mogip cbovxap dk xpaoxdsas ik
xba s`gacx+ Xba
pokna ij ovvldco`dldxt ij Balmbilxw.s ~ipe npa~ xi akcimvoss
oxmisvbapdc okhicaokinpovbdc jli~s, xi oll `pokcbas ij akndkaapdkn
okh ovvldah scdakca okh, lxd-
moxalt, xi svapjldhs+ Dk mihapk jldh macbokdcs xba pila ij
zipxar htkomdcs dk
arvlodkdkn jli~ vbakimako ds jdpmlt asxo`ldsbah+ ^all eki~k
zipxdcas boza oc-
qdpah komas okh opa panloplt havdcxah dk xba vivlop mahdo7
bppdcokas, xipko-
hias, ~oxapsvixs, odpcpojx xpodldkn zipxdcas, hpodkbila
zipxdcas, smiea pdkns, k-
hap~oxap ```la odp pdkns, cozdxoxdik zipxdcas `abdkh sbdv
vpivallaps, okh si ik+
0+?+0 Haxodls ij jlqdh macbokdcsLdea okt moxbamoxdcol mihal ij
xba paol ~iplh, jldh macbokdcs moeas sima
`osdc ossmvxdiks o`ix xba moxapdols `adkn sxhdah+ Xbasa
ossmvxdiks opa xpkah
dkxi aqoxdiks xbox msx `a soxdsjdah dj xba ossmvxdiks opa xi `a
balh xpa+ Jip ar-
omvla, ciksdhap ok dkcimvpassd`la jldh dk xbpaa hdmaksdiks+ Xba
ossmvxdik xbox
moss ds ciksapzah maoks xbox jip okt jdrah c lisah spjoca xba
poxa ij moss vossdkn
jpim ixsdha xi dksdha xba spjoca msx `a xba soma os poxa ij moss
vossdkn xba
ixbap ~ot+ Olxapkoxdzalt, xba moss dksdha pamodks ciksxokx, os
hias xba moss ix-
sdha$+ Xbds cok `a xpkah dkxi ok dkxanpol aqoxdik izap xba
spjoca+
Ki~ ~a saa xbisa xbpaa ossmvxdiks7
Ossmvxdik D7 Xba cikxdkm btvixbasds, jldhs opa cimvisah ij
milaclas
xbox cilldha ~dxb ika okixbap okh sildh i`gacxs+ Xba cikxdkm
ossmvxdik, bi~-
azap, ciksdhaps jldhs xi `a cikxdkis+ Xbox ds, vpivapxdas scb os
haksdxt, vpas-
0?
Bapmokk Lh~dn Japhdkokh zik Balmbilxw,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)2xovjoccassah ?>-1-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/8tapfhttp://tiny.cc/8tapf
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
23/71
JLQDHMACBOKDCSOKHDKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS 03
spa, xamvapoxpa, okh zalicdxt opa xoeak xi `a ~all-hajdkah ox
"dkjdkdxalt" smoll
vidkxs+ Xba jocx xbox xba jldh ds moha v ij hdscpaxa milaclas ds
dnkipah+ Xba
cikxdkm btvixbasds ds `osdcollt ok ovvpirdmoxdik, dk xba soma
~ot vlokaxs opa
ovvpirdmoxah `t vidkx vopxdclas ~bak haoldkn ~dxb calasxdol
macbokdcs, okh xbapa-
jipa paslxs dk ovvpirdmoxa silxdiks+ Ciksaqakxlt, ossmvxdik ij
xba cikxdkm
btvixbasds cok laoh xi paslxs ~bdcb opa kix ij hasdpah
occpoct+
Ossmvxdik DD7 KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks, Xba KozdapSxieas
aqoxdiks
komah ojxap Cloha-Lids Kozdap okh Naipna No`pdal Sxieas$ opa xba
sax ij aqo-
xdiks xbox hascpd`a xba mixdik ij jldh s`sxokcas scb os ldqdhs
okh nosas+ Xbasa
aqoxdiks sxoxa xbox cboknas dk mimakxm jipca$ ij jldh vopxdclas
havakh iklt
ik xba arxapkol vpasspa okh dkxapkol zdscis jipcas sdmdlop xi
jpdcxdik$ ocxdkn ik
xba jldh+ Xbs, xba KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks hascpd`a xba `olokca ij
jipcas ocxdkn
ox okt ndzak pandik ij xba jldh+ Xba KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks opa
hdjjapakxdol
aqoxdiks ~bdcb hascpd`a xba mixdik ij o jldh+ Scb aqoxdiks
asxo`ldsb paloxdiks
omikn xba poxas ij cbokna ij xba zopdo`las ij dkxapasx+ Jip
aromvla, xba Kozdap
Sxieas aqoxdiks jip ok dhaol jldh ~dxb wapi zdscisdxt sxoxa xbox
occalapoxdik ds
vpivipxdikol xi xba hapdzoxdza ij dkxapkol vpasspa+ Xbds maoks
xbox silxdiks ij xba
KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks jip o ndzak vbtsdcol vpi`lam msx `a sinbx
~dxb xba
balv ij colcls+ Dk vpocxdcol xapms iklt xba sdmvlasx cosas cok
`a silzah arocxlt
dk xbds ~ot+ Xbasa cosas nakapollt dkzilza kik-xp`lakx, sxaoht
jli~ dk ~bdcb xba
Patkilhs km`ap ds smoll+ Jip mipa cimvlar sdxoxdiks, scb os
nli`ol ~aoxbap
stsxams ldea Al Kdi ip ldjx dk o ~dkn, silxdiks ij xba
KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks
cok cppakxlt iklt opa jikh ~dxb xba balv ij cimvxaps+
Xba nakapol jipm ij xba KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks jip xba
ciksapzoxdik ij mi-
makxm ds7
^bapa
ds xba jldh haksdxt,
H)Hx ds xba s`sxokxdza hapdzoxdza,
z ds xba zalicdxt zacxip,
j ds xba `iht jipca zacxip, okh
ds o xaksip xbox pavpasakxs xba spjoca jipcas ovvldah ik o jldh
vopxdcla+Qklass xba jldh ds moha v ij svdkkdkn hanpaas ij jpaahim
ldea zipxdcas,
stm`il v, ds o stmmaxpdc xaksip+ Dk nakapol dk xbpaa hdmaksdiks
bos xba jipm7
^bapa
opa kipmol sxpassas,
opa xoknakxdol sxpassas+
Ossmvxdik DDD7 Ka~xikdok zapss kik-Ka~xikdok jldhs, O Ka~xikdok
jldh
ds hajdkah xi `a o jldh ~bisa sbaop sxpass ds ldkaoplt
vpivipxdikol xi xba zalicdxt
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
24/71
08 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
npohdakx dk xba hdpacxdik vapvakhdclop xi xba vloka ij sbaop+
Xbds hajdkdxdik maoks
panophlass ij xba jipcas ocxdkn ik o jldh, dx cikxdkas xi jli~+
Jip aromvla, ~oxap
ds o Ka~xikdok jldh, `acosa dx cikxdkas xi hdsvlot jldh
vpivapxdas ki moxxap
bi~ mcb dx ds sxdppah ip mdrah+ O sldnbxlt lass pdnipis
hajdkdxdik ds xbox xba hpon
ij o smoll i`gacx `adkn mizah sli~lt xbpinb xba jldh ds
vpivipxdikol xi xba jipca
ovvldah xi xba i`gacx+ Dmvipxokx jldhs, ldea ~oxap os ~all os
misx nosas, `aboza xi
niih ovvpirdmoxdik os o Ka~xikdok jldh khap kipmol cikhdxdiks ik
Aopxb+ @t
cikxposx, sxdppdkn o kik-Ka~xikdok jldh cok laoza o "bila"
`abdkh+ Xbds ~dll
npohollt jdll v izap xdma xbds `abozdip ds saak dk moxapdols scb
os sokh ol-
xbinb sokh dsk.x sxpdcxlt o jldh$+ Olxapkoxdzalt, sxdppdkn o
kik-Ka~xikdok jldh
cok cosa xba zdscisdxt xi hacpaosa, si xba jldh ovvaops
"xbdkkap"+ Xbapa opa mokt
xtvas ij kik-Ka~xikdok jldhs, os xbat opa hajdkah xi `a
simaxbdkn xbox jodls xi
i`at o vopxdclop vpivapxt jip aromvla, misx jldhs ~dxb likn
milaclop cbodks cok
paocx dk o kik-Ka~xikdok mokkap+ Xba ciksxokx ij vpivipxdikoldxt
`ax~aak xba
sbaop sxpass okh xba zalicdxt npohdakx ds eki~k os xba
zdscisdxt+O sdmvla aqoxdik xi hascpd`a Ka~xikdok jldh `abozdip
ds7
^bapa
ds xba sbaop sxpass arapxah `t xba jldh,
ds xba jldh zdscisdxt o ciksxokx ij vpivipxdikoldxt,
h)ht ds xba zalicdxt npohdakx vapvakhdclop xi xba hdpacxdik ij
sbaop+
Jip o Ka~xikdok jldh, xba zdscisdxt, `t hajdkdxdik, havakhs iklt
ik xamvapo-
xpa okh vpasspa, kix ik xba jipcas ocxdkn vik dx+ Dj xba jldh ds
dkcimvpassd`la
okh zdscisdxt ds ciksxokx ocpiss xba jldh, xba aqoxdik nizapkdkn
xba sbaop sxpass
dk Copxasdok ciiphdkoxas$ ds7
~bapa dg ds xba sbaop sxpass ik xba dxb
joca ij o jldh alamakx dk xba gxb
hdpacxdik, z d
ds xba zalicdxt dk xba dxb
hdpacxdik okh rg ds xba gxb
hdpacxdik ciiphdkoxa+
0+0 XACBKILINDCOL HAZALIVMAKXS DK JLQDH MACBOKDCSJdpsx ij oll,
dk jldh macbokdcs o `dn cbokna ~os hika jpim Ka~xik+ Ka~xik,
~os hdpacxah xi xba hdscbopna ij ~oxap jpim ipdjdcas dk xba
`ixxim ij zassals+ Ba
svvisah o ctldkhpdcol zassal jll ij ~oxap xi `a vapjipoxah dk
dxs `ixxim ~dxb o
smoll bila `t ~bdcb xba ~oxap ascovah, okh xba zassal xi `a
svvldah ~dxb ~oxap dk
scb o mokkap xbox dx ol~ots pamodkah jll ox xba soma badnbx+ Ba
xbak svvisah
xbds ctldkhpdcol cilmk ij ~oxap xi `a hdzdhah dkxi x~i vopxs,xba
jdpsx, ~bdcb ba
collah xba "coxopocx," `adkn ok btvap`ilidh nakapoxah `t xba
pazilxdik ij ok bt- vap`ilo ij xba jdjxb hanpaa opikh xba ords ij
xba ctldkhap ~bdcb sbilh voss
xbpinb xba ipdjdca, okh xba sacikh xba pamodkhap ij xba ~oxap dk
xba ctldkhpdcol
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
25/71
JLQDHMACBOKDCSOKHDKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS 01
zassal+ Ba ciksdhapah xba bipdwikxol sxpoxo ij xbds btvap`ilidh
os ol~ots dk mi-
xdik, ~bdla xba pamodkhap ij xba ~oxap ~os dk o sxoxa ij pasx,
okh dmondkah xbox
xbapa ~os o edkh ij coxopocx dk xba mdhhla ij xba jldh+ ^bak xba
paslxs ij xbds
xbaipt ~apa cimvopah ~dxb xba qokxdxt ij ~oxap ocxollt
hdscbopnah, Ka~xik
cikclhah xbox xba zalicdxt ~dxb ~bdcb xba ~oxap dssah jpim xba
ipdjdca ~os aqol
xi xbox ~bdcb o jolldkn `iht ~ilh pacadza `t hascakhdkn xbpinb
bolj xba badnbx
ij ~oxap dk xba pasapzidp+ Xbds cikclsdik, bi~azap, ds o`silxalt
dppacikcdlo`la
~dxb xba eki~k jocx xbox gaxs ij ~oxap pdsa kaoplt xi xba soma
badnbx os xbadp pasap-
zidps, okh Ka~xik saams xi boza `aak o~opa ij xbds
i`gacxdik+
Mipa okh mipa cboknas ~apa jilli~ah dk o civla ij taops+ O mogip
hdsciz-
apt ~os dk xba svixldnbx jpim xba taop ?:02 `t xba @akahaxxi
Cosxalld, okh Azok-
naldsxo Xippdcalld xbisa x~i dkzilzah o lix ij ~dxb
bthpihtkomdcs+ Xbat ~ipeah dk
xba mixdik ij jldhs dk pdzaps okh cokols5 Xippdcalld, i`sapzdkn
xbox dk o gax ~bapa
xba ~oxap psbah xbpinb o smoll ogxona dx pisa xi kaoplt xba soma
badnbx ~dxb xba
pasapzidp jpim ~bdcb dx ~os svvldah, dmondkah xbox dx inbx xi
miza ~dxb xba
soma zalicdxt os dj dx boh jollak xbpinb xbox badnbx `t xba
jipca ij npozdxt, okh
bakca ba hahcah xba vpivisdxdik xbox xba zalicdxdas ij ldqdhs
opa os xba sqopa
piix ij xba baoh, ovopx jpim xba pasdsxokca ij xba odp okh xba
jpdcxdik ij xba ipdjdca+
Mipaizap, dk xba bokhs ij @lodsa Voscol bthpisxoxdcs ossmah xba
hdnkdxt ij o
scdakca5 dk {?:36-?:16, xba xbaipam ij Xippdcalld ~os amvlitah
`t Ahma Mopdixxa
ds jikhah ik o npaox zopdaxt ij ~all-cikhcxah arvapdmakxs ik xba
mixdik ij jl-
dhs, vapjipmah ox Zapsodllas okh Cbokxdllt+ Himakdci Nnldalmdkd
dk { ?:86-?::6,
~bi ~os dksvacxip ij xba pdzaps okh cokols ox @ilinko, boh
oscpd`ah xbds hdmdk-
xdik ij zalicdxt dk pdzaps xi xpokszapsa mixdiks opdsdkn jpikx
dkaqoldxdas dk xbadp
`ixxim+ @x os Mopdixxa i`sapzah sdmdlop i`sxpcxdiks azak dk
nloss vdvas ~bapaki xpokszapsa cppakxs cilh ardsx, xba cosa
ossdnkah `t Nnldalmdkd saamah has-
xdxxa ij jikhoxdik+
Jpxbapmipa, Sdp Dsooc Ka~xik ~os hdscizapah xba ajjacxs ij
jpdcxdik okh zds-
cisdxt dk hdmdkdsbdkn xba zalicdxt ij pkkdkn ~oxap+ Ba sbi~ah
xbox xba zalicdxt ij
okt sxpoxm ij xba zipxar ds ok opdxbmaxdcol maok `ax~aak xba
zalicdxdas ij xba
sxpoxo ~bdcb akclisa dx5 Bakpd Vdxix ojxap~ophs sbi~ah xbox xba
paxophoxdiks opdsdkn
jpim jpdcxdik opa dkzapsalt os xba hdomaxaps ij xba vdvas dk
~bdcb xba jldh mizas+
O lix ij hazalivmakx ~os hika dk jldh macbokdcs, ~a saa o lix ij
sah ~dxb
xba jldh macbokdcs5 ika ij xbds ds xba moxbamoxdcol arvpassdik
ij Jldh Macbok-
dcs+ Ki~ dk ips hodlt ldzas ~a saa xbisa hazalivmakx+ Ika
aromvla ds xba odpjidlsxi cops, xi odpvloka okh xba oapihtkomdc
hasdnk ij cops okh odpvlokas+ Ka~xik okh
@apkilld moea o `dn cbokna dk xbds cosa+ Dj xba odpcpojx ds
oscakhdkn ip hascakh-
dkn, xba paloxdza zalicdxt ~dll kix `a bipdwikxol, `x xba oknla
ij oxxoce ~ilh sxdll
`a hajdkah os xba oknla `ax~aak xba paloxdza zalicdxt ij xba odp
okh xba cbiph ldka
ij xba odpjidl+ Xba maok ldka ij xba odpjidl ds xba ldka
aqdhdsxokx jpim xba li~ap
okh vvap spjocas, maospah vapvakhdclop xi xba cbiph ldka+ Xba
com`ap ij xba
odpjidl ds xba mordmm hdsxokca `ax~aak xba cbiph ldka okh xba
maok ldka okh ds
sollt o ja~ vapcakx ij xba laknxb ij xba cbiph+ Oapihtkomdcdsxs
sollt maospa
oknlas paloxdza xi xba paloxdza zalicdxt ij xba odp, simaxdmas
pajappah xi os xba
"paloxdza ~dkh"+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
26/71
0: MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
00Jdnpa 0+?7 X~i odpjidls
Mipaizap xba macbokdcs ij jldh ds sah dk xba baolxb, asvacdollt
xi ZosclopStsxams, Hdsaosas okh Xbpim`isds+ Kxpdakx okh ~osxa
xpoksvipx xbpinbix xba
`iht ds xba vpdmopt jkcxdik ij xba cophdizosclop stsxam+ Xba
baopx sapzas xi
vmv `liih xbpinb o sivbdsxdcoxah kax~ipe ij `pokcbdkn x`as+ Xba
jli~ ds kix
sxaoht `x vlsoxdla+ Xba `liih zassals hdsxpd`xa `liih xi
hdjjapakx ipnoks ~bdla
modkxodkdkn zassal dkxanpdxt+ Xba opxapdas opa kix dkapx x`as `x
ohovx xi zoptdkn
jli~ okh vpasspa cikhdxdiks `t npi~dkn ip sbpdkedkn xi maax
cbokndkn bimiht-
komdc hamokhs+ Dx ds dmvipxokx xi sxht `liih jli~s hpdkn hdsaosa
os ~all os k-
hap kipmol vbtsdilindc cikhdxdiks+ Xba mogipdxt ij haoxbs dk
hazalivah cikxpdas
opa jpim cophdizosclop hdsaosas+ Misx cophdizosclop hdsaosas opa
ossicdoxah ~dxb
sima jipm ij o`kipmol `liih jli~ dk opxapdas+ Xbds pazda~ jicsas
ik sima sa-lacxah opaos ij dmvipxokca xi cophdilint+
Jdnpa 0+07 Zadk ~dxb xbpim`isds 03
00Jltdkn Qvsdha-Hi~k, x~i odpjidls, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)vvc4w
occassah 0-1-06??$+
03Zadk ~dxb xbpim`isds, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)dx~4` occassah
?>-8-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/ppc9zhttp://tiny.cc/itw9bhttp://tiny.cc/itw9bhttp://tiny.cc/ppc9z
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
27/71
JLQDHMACBOKDCSOKHDKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS 0>
Xba jldh macbokdcs balv dk hasdnk ij jxpa sbdvs5 akndkaaps xpt
xi pasax xba
o`posdik ij sbdvs+ Dk ips hots xba hasdnk o ~dha zopdaxt ij
sbdvs, sima ij xbisa
sbdvs opa mapcbokx sbdvs, ~opsbdvs, xpoksvipx sbdvs, copni
sbdvs+ Akndkaaps xpt xi
pasax xba o`posdik xi `a o`la xi hazaliv josxap okh opa mipa
sxo`la dk xbadp voxb+
Jdnpa 0+37 Jxpa sbdv08
O maxbih ij bll sbova cikxpil `osah ik o `optcakxpdc `lakh ij
`osds blls ds
hazalivah+ Dx paqdpas paloxdzalt ja~ hasdnk zopdo`las+ Dk
ohhdxdik xi nakapol-
vpvisa naimaxpt, bthpisxoxdc okh pasdsxokca mihlas,
cikxodkapsbdv-svacdjdc
~adnbx, copni okh acikimdcs mihlas ~apa hazalivah+ Xba maospa ij
mapdx ds
xoeak xi `a xba paqdpah jpadnbx poxa+
Jdnpa 0+87 Hasdnk ij cimmapcdol `ioxs 01
Pacakx xpakhs dk dkcpaosdkn xba sdwa ij cikxodkap zassals, podsa
xba ka~ bthpi-
sxpcxpol dssas dk sbdv hasdnk `ixb jpim arxpama liohdkn vidkx ij
zda~ okh jo-08
Jxpa sbdv, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)88?p~ occassah ?2-8-06??$+01
Hasdnk ij cimmapcdol `ioxs+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8qeq~ occassah
03-8-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/441rwhttp://tiny.cc/4qkqwhttp://tiny.cc/4qkqwhttp://tiny.cc/441rw
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
28/71
02 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
xdna vidkx ij zda~+ Dkhaah, ha xi xbadp arxpama sdwa olmisx 866
maxaps dk
laknxb$ xbasa sbdvs `acima mcbsijxap ~bdcb maoks xbox xbadp bll
koxpol jpa-
qakcdas ~dll `a sdnkdjdcokxlt pahcah+ Ox xba soma xdma sbdv
svaah pamodks palo-
xdzalt bdnb opikh 01 ekixs$ si xbox xba pdse ij bthpi alosxdc
pasikokca `ax~aak
xba ~ozas okh xba sxpcxpa svpdkndkn$ ds vpasakx+ Dk ohhdxdik, ha
xi xba zapt
lopna `i~ jlopa ij xbasa sbdvs, xba dmvipxokca ij slommdkn
dkhcah zd`poxdiks
~bdvvdkn$ ds olsi dkcpaosah+ Jdkollt, licol bthpi alosxdc
dkxapocxdiks ij xba `i~
sxpcxpa ~dxb arxpama slommdkn vpasspas, olsi `acimas ok
dmvipxokx dssa+
^bak ~a eki~ xbox azak pdndh `iht sao eaavdkn okoltsds ij xba
sbdv sodldkn dk
~ozas ds sxdll o cbollakna jpim mihaldkn vidkx ij zda~, ~a cok
aosdlt dmondka xba
cimvlardxt ij xba kmapdcol mihals ~bdcb kaah xi `a vx dk
vpocxdca dk iphap xi
vpivaplt azoloxa xbasa bthpi alosxdc ajjacxs+ Xba vpasakx vovap
ossmas xbox xba
sao eaavdkn vopx ds eki~k okh cikcakxpoxas ik bthpi alosxdc
osvacxs ij sbdv-~oza
dkxapocxdiks iklt, jpim xbisa paosiks xba hasdnkaps akndkaaps
kaahs xi jdrah xba
sbdvs xi `a soja okh ~dxb lopna covocdxt+
0+3 MQLXDMAHDO DK JLQDH MACBOKDCSDk mokt scbiils xba sa ij
cimvxaps `anok ~dxb smoll npivs ij akxbsdosxs
ipnokdwdkn svacdol clossas dk ~bdcb cbdlhpak ~ilh laopk xi
vpinpom dk k~dalht
cimvxap loknonas scb os Ci`il, @osdc ip Jipxpok+ Xbasa vpinpoms
~apa jdpsx
~pdxxak ik vkcbah cophs okh sakx xi o modkjpoma cimvxap vapbovs
`osah ox o li-
col kdzapsdxt ip cillana+ Loxap xba ~bila vpicass ~os svaahah v
`t sakhdkn vpi-
npoms zdo o miham xi xba modkjpoma cimvxap+
Vpinpommdkn himdkoxah xbasa clossas `x ~os dkxapsvapsah ~dxb
asixapdc `dxsij eki~lahna o`ix xba cakxpol vpicassdkn kdx CVQ$ ip
o`ix `dkopt opdxbmaxdc,
okh ~os civlah ~dxb sbipx jdlms okh opxdclas sbi~dkn bi~
Xba mlxdmahdo pasikoxas ki~ dk jldh macbokdcs okh asvacdollt dk
xba xpodk-
dkn vpicass ij jldh macbokdcs+ ^a opa ki~ ndzak xba ivvipxkdxt
xi sa ohdizds-
ol aqdvmakx xi vpivaplt ahcoxa xbadp sxhakxs ikxi xba jdalh ij
scdakca ij jldh
macbokdcs+ Mlxdmahdo, dmvipxah mipa povdhlt dk xba jdalh ij
ahcoxdik, dk pacakx
taops moha npaox sxpdhas dk ocbdazdkn xbds niol `t xba cimvaxakx
oxbipdxdas okh
asvacdollt `t xaocbaps+
Dmvipxokx sxavs ~apa xoeak hpdkn xba aoplt ?4xb cakxpt dkdxdollt
Vodzdi dk
?4>? pavipxah xba hol cihdkn xbaipt HCX$, xbds xbaipt snnasxs
xbox xba zdsolokh zap`ol dkjipmoxdik ocx os x~i hdsxdkcxdza
stsxams+ Dx boh dxs piixs dk vpocxdcol
sa vdcxpas os o mamipt odh `ajipa 0+166 taops, jip aromvla, cok
oktika xbdke ij
o cbodp ~dxb xba xbinbx ij makxdikdkn xba ~iph iklt, ip `t
cpaoxdkn o makxol vdc-
xpa ij o cbodp+ Svacdollt okh ~dha ovvldcoxdik ij xba mlxdmahdo
~a boh dk xba loxa
?4xb okh aoplt 06xb cakxpt ojxap xba ~pdxdkn ij `iies okh xba
dkxpihcxdik ij ml-
xdmahdo dk Npaae ahcoxdik+ Jip xbds bos balvah xba Omapdcok
Pdcboph A+ Motap,
~bi ds ok ahcoxdikol vstcbilindsx, vopxdcloplt os xbat paloxa xi
vpi`lam silzdkn
okh hasdnk ij ahcoxdikol mlxdmahdo+
^bak dkjipmoxdik ds ndzak xi ok ivxdcol dmona okh o cim`dkoxdik
ij sacik-
hopt hoxo ds ~ipedkn xinaxbap, ~a boza o `axxap dmvocx ik
sxhakxs+ Bos sbi~k xbox
~bak xba hoxo ~a opa zdsol okh ocisxdc pamam`ap xba `asx+ Os
kixah o`iza, xba
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
29/71
JLQDHMACBOKDCSOKHDKJIPMOXDIKXACBKILINDAS 04
hol cihdkn xbaipt vpivisah jdpsx `t Vodzdi okh loxap ovvldah xi
mlxdmahdo `t
Pdcboph Motap ~os xba oxbipdxt xi dmvlamakx xba mlxdmahdo okh
ahcoxdik+
Olsi, xbat `acoma npaox sxpdhas okh dxs mlxdvla ij jldh
macbokdcs ik xba
Dkxapkax, sdkca ~a cok ciksdhap scb ovvldcoxdiks ox ki cisx okh
oktxdma ~a ~okx
ok ovvldcoxdik scb os jo`pdcoxah, C+C+ Kni okh E+C+ Npomill+
Xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks boza olpaoht dmvpassdik okh dk xba
macbokdcs
jldh okh svacdjdcollt dk xba vpicass ij ahcoxdik ij macbokdcs ij
jldh+ Ds ndzak xi
s bakcajipxb xba vissd`dldxt ij sdkn ohdizdsol moxapdol dk iphap
xi ~a ahcoxa
sdxo`lt xba sxhakx, ikxi xba jdalh ij scdakca ij jldh macbokdcs+
Xba mlxdmahdo
ovvldcoxdiks opa dkxpihcah mipa povdhlt okh dk ahcoxdik, okh dk
pacakx taops
moha npaox sxpdhas dk ocbdazdkn xbds niol `t xba cimvaxakx
oxbipdxdas okh asva-
cdollt `t xaocbaps+
Xba `osdc - dmvipxokx sxavs `acoma xba `andkkdkn ij ?4xb cakxpt
dkdxdol
Vodzdi0: dk ?4>? pavipxah xba hi`la xbaipt ij cihdkn HCX$,
xba vopxdclop xba-
ipt, sbi~ xbox xba ivxdcol okh zap`ol ocxdik ij dkjipmoxdik kxdl
x~i hdscpaax sts-
xams+ Dx boh bap piixs dk xba vpocxdcol sa ij vdcxpas os odh ij
mamipt `ajipa
0+166 taops, os ok aromvla, dx cok ki ika xbdke o cbodp ~dxb bds
xbinbx pavipxdkn
xba ~iph sdmvlt, ip ~dxb xba cpaoxdik o makxol vdcxpa ij cbodp+
Mipa svacdol okh
~dxb ~dha zopdaxt ovvldcoxdik ~a boh dk xba has ?4xb okh
`andkkdkn ij 06xb cak-
xpt ojxap xba ~pdxdkn ij `iies okh xba dmvipx ij mlxdmahdo dk
xba Npaae ahco-
xdik, dk xbds cikxpd`xah Omapdcok Pdcboph A+ Motap ~bi ds o
ahcoxdikol vst-
cbilindsx, vopxdcloplt okh xbat opa paloxah ~dxb xba pasilxdik
ij vpi`lams okh xba
vlokkdkn ij ahcoxdikol mlxdmahdo+
^bak xba dkjipmoxdik ds ndzak ~dxb ivxdcol vdcxpa okh ~dxb
cim`dkoxdik ij
sacikhopt alamakxs xbox ~ipes ox xba soma xdma, ~a boza `axxap
dmvpassdik ~dxbxba sxhakxs+ Boza `axxap dmvpassdik xbok xba
sxhakxs+ Dx bos `aak vpizah xbox,
~bak xba alamakxs xbox ~a ndza opa ivxdcol okh aopvbikas ~a
pamam`apah xbox `ax-
xap+ Os xba oxbip sodh, xba hi`la xbaipt ij cihdkn xbox ~os
vpivisah jdpsx xdma
jpim Vodzdi okh loxap dx ~os ovvldah dk xba mlxdmahdo jpim
Pdcboph Motap dx ~os
xba `andkkdkn dk iphap xi opa ovvldah xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks
xi xba ahcoxdik+
Olsi, `dn sxavs xi xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks ij jldh macbokdcs
`acoma ~dxb
xba dkxapkax+ ^a cok sxht scb ovvldcoxdiks ~dxbix okt cisx okh
okt mimakx ~a
~okx xi saa xbisa+ Xbox ovvldcoxdik ~os mokjocxpah `t C+C+ Kni
okh E+C+
Npomill+
0:Ollok Qpbi Vodzdi, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)~m12 occassah
?>-1-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/wmu58http://tiny.cc/wmu58
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
30/71
36 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
vona dkxakxdikollt lajx `loke$
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
31/71
3?
3
OKOLTSDS OKH STKXBASDS IJ
OVVLDCOXDIK
CIKXAKX
3+? 30OKOLTSDS IJ OVVLDCOXDIK
3+?+? 30Vpvisa, i`gacxdzas okh kaahs
3+?+0 33Qsaps
3+?+3 33Paqdpamakxs
3+?+3+? 38Cikxakx okh ipdndkoldxt
3+?+3+0 38Onpaamakx ~dxb vpihcxdik vpicassas
3+?+8 38@paoe hi~k dk sxonas3+?+8+? 31Sxpcxpa ij xba
ovvldcoxdik
3+?+8+0 3:Sijx~opa ovvldcoxdik hazalivmakx
3+?+8+3 3:Ozodlo`dldxt ij moxapdol pasipcas
3+0 3>CIKXAKXS IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIK
3+0+? 3>Xacbkdcol jaoxpas
3+3 32^IPE IK XBA CIMVISDXDIK IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIK
3+8 32CIKXPIL OKH HDSXPD@QXDIK IJ OVVLDCOXDIK
3+8+? 32Mikdxipdkn okh azoloxdik
3+8+0 32Paciphs sacpdxt okh vpixacxdik
3+8+3 34Jdkdsbah vpihcx hdsxpd`xdik
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
32/71
30 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
3+? OKOLTSDS IJ OVVLDCOXDIK?
Occiphdkn xi xba mihal ij Hdce okh Copat , xbox npovbdc ovvaops
dk Jdnpa
3+?, xba akapndas ij okoltsds jip xba vpihcxdik ij ovvldcoxdik
cok `a ciksdhapah
xbox xbat opa ipnokdsah dk x~i ik vopx vbosas7
Kaahs okoltsds ip kaahs ossassmakx dk xbox dx ds haxapmdkah ~bi
xba kaahs xboxardsx opa okh ~box opa cizaps xba ovvldcoxdik+
Jpikx-akh okoltsds dk ~bdcb opa paciphah hoxo jip o cpi~h ij
hdjjapakx cbopoc-xapdsxdcs xbox ds paloxah ~dxb xba jdkol saps okh
xbox dkjlakca xba ~ot ~dxb
~bdcb ~dll `a hpo~k okh hazalivah xba ovvldcoxdik+
Jdnpa 3+?7 Npovbdc havdcxdik ij xpodkdkn mihal Hdce okh
Copat0
Dk xba sxona ij okoltsds ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik xbox ~os
hazalivah dk xba
vpasakx jdkol ~ipe ~apa haxapmdkah jilli~dkn7
Xba odm okh xba i`gacxdzas ij ovvldcoxdik, olsi xba kacassdxt
jip xbds+ Xba paqdpamakxs ij ovvldcoxdik xbox cikcapk bap cikxakx,
xba cbopocxapdsxdcs ij
bap vlokkdkn, xba maoks ij npi~xb okh vpasakxoxdik+
Xba ldealt i`gacxdzas - saps ij ovvldcoxdik+ Xba okoltsds ij
~ipe dk sxonas ip vbosas ip vopcals ij ~ipe+ Xba vlokkdkn ij
ovvldcoxdik okh xba sxpcxpa mov ij vdlixona dk xbds+3+?+? Vpvisa,
i`gacxdzas okh kaahs
Xba vpvisa ij JM-MSL ovvldcoxdik ds xba vpimixdik okh xaocbdkn
ij jldh
macbokdcs okh azak saps xbox xbat hi kix eki~ xba s`gacx, ~bdla
vpizdhdkn xba
saps laopkdkn okh sajl dkjipmoxdik ik Jldh Macbokdcs+
? Hdce, ^+ okh Copat, L+ ?44?$, Xba stsxamoxdc hasdnk ij
dksxpqcxdik, 3ph ah+$, Bopvap Cilldks,
Ka~ Tipe+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ovh~` , occassah ??-2-06??$+0 Npovbdc
havdcxdik ij xpodkdkn mihal Hdce okh Copat+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)en30p,
occassah ??-2-
06??$+
http://tiny.cc/apdwbhttp://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/apdwb
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
33/71
OKOLTSDSOKHSTKXBASDSIJOVVLDCOXDIK 33
I`gacxdzas ij xba ovvldcoxdik opa `ixb xba zda~ okh xba laopkdkn
ij Jldh Ma-
cbokdcs bdsxipt, xtvas okh paloxah xarxs$+ Dkdxdollt, xba
nakapol plas ij xbds vop-
xdclop okh xbak ij Jldh Macbokdcs+
Xba kacassdxt ij cpaoxdik mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik jip xba jldh ij
macbokdcs ds
gsxdjdah `t xba o`sakca ij o sdmdlop jpaa~opa ovvldcoxdik dk xba
Qkdzapsdxdas okh
Xacbkilindcol Dksxdxxdiks dk Npaaca+ Ardsxah akinb mizamakxs jip
xba cpaoxdik
ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks `x misx opa kix xpojjdceah dk jpaa okh
xbox opa xpoj-
jdceah xi dkxapkax opa mahdm coxanipt, os ok aromvla xba
ovvldcoxdik ij C+C Kni
okh E+C Npomill ~dxb koma Mlxdmahdo Akndkaapdkn Jldh Macbokdcs+
Dx boh hika
olsi mokt ajjipxs capxodk taops `ajipa dk ixbap dksxdxxdiks ij
xba cikxpt+
Xbds ~ipe bos os xbamoxdc i`gacx xba xixol vpicass jldh ij
macbokdcs okh sd-
mlxokaislt dk oll xbds covdxol+ Xba hdpacxip bos cikcakxpoxdik
okh cihdkn dkjip-
moxdiks jpim xba macbokdc ij jldhs xbox cok ij cipsa `a sinbx dk
xba `d`ldin-
povbt ip dk xba dkxapkax dk xba jpomas ij arxaksdza vdlixona+
Dkh`dxo`lt, dx ha-
sapzas dx ds moxapdoldwah scb xtva ovvldcoxdik, `acosa vpizdhas
xdldxopdok dkjip-
moxdik okh ij cipsa o kdqa arvapdakca ox bap cpaoxdik+
^a cilh olsi svvlamakx xbox, dk xba ovvldcoxdik ds o`sakx
capxodk cbovxaps
~bdcb xba oxbip hdh kix occimvldsb cimvlaxas+ Jpxbapmipa, dx ds
dk bds hdpacx
hpo~dkns xi ohh xbasa cbovxaps dk xba hazalivmakx ij
ovvldcoxdik+
3+?+0 QsapsOs i`gacxdzas - saps ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ~apa
haxapmdkah xba sxhakxs,
xba vpijassips okh os nakapollt svaoedkn dkxapasxah xba
Macbokdcs ij jldh xbox
~ilh ~okx eki~ xba i`gacx+ Xba cikxakx ij ovvldcoxdik ds
vpizdhah iklt dk xba
Aknldsb loknona, `acosa Aknldsb ds ok dkxapkoxdikol loknona okh
dx ds ohhpassahdk cikcpaxa `paohxb ij onas+ Dx sbilh `a xbat eki~
paloxdza arcallakx xba Aknldsb
loknona okh capxodk paloxdza jomdldopdwoxdik dk xba sa ij
cimvxaps+
Xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik cok `a hazalivah jpim xba bdnbasx
dksxdxxa ij xba
cikxpt dkhdzdhol balv dk xba laopkdkn jldh ij macbokdcs jip xba
sxhakxs+ Jdkollt,
xbds cok jpim xba Mdkdsxpt ij Ahcoxdik ij Ldja Laopkdkn okh
Paldndiks+
3+?+3 PaqdpamakxsXba paqdpamakxs ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ojxap
arxaksdza okoltsds okh xoe-
dkn dkxi ciksdhapoxdik os vissd`la onpaamakx - okh vpizdhah xbox
dx ds jaosd`la -
~dxb xba vpicassas ij vpihcxdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik, ~apa
haxapmdkah okh
opa smmopdsak dk jilli~dkn7
Sdmvla sxpcxpa ~dxb sap-jpdakhlt akzdpikmakx+ Aosa ij sa, ~dxbix
sdkn i`scpa xapms okh jkcxdiks+ Jpdakhldkass xi xba sap ij npovbdc
akzdpikmakx+ Paldo`dldxt ij xba dkjipmoxdik vpizdhah ds zolo`la xi
xba paohap ovvldcoxdik+ Qkdqakass ij xba cikxakx ij vbixinpovbs okh
zdhai+ Jll xdldwoxdik ij ozodlo`la pasipcas okh maoks xi vpihca xba
ovvldcoxdik+ Vpivap jkcxdikdkn ip vapjipmokca ij o cikzakxdikol
cimvxap mihapk xacbkil-
int+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
34/71
38 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
3+?+3+? Cikxakx okh ipdndkoldxt@t pajappdkn xba xtva ij
dkjipmoxdik okh `pdajdkn, xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik
cikxodks7
Nakapol bdsxipdcol dkjipmoxdik ik xba macbokdcs ij jldh
Dkjipmoxdik ik xtvas, xba arvpassdik ij xbasa okh xbadp sajlkass,
dk xba ma-cbokdcs ij jldh+ @osdc xbaipt dk xba macbokdcs jldh dk
cim`dkoxdik ~dxb xba xtvas+ Zdhai ~dxb zopdis lacxpas okh mipa
svacdjdcollt zdhai dk iphap xi cimvpabakh
`axxap xba saps xba macbokdcs ij jldh+
Xba vpacdsdik ij vpizdhah dkjipmoxdik zdo xba mlxdmahdo
ovvldcoxdik ds dm-
mahdoxalt dkxap~izak ~dxb xba vpacdsdik ij alamakxs xbox ds
vpizdhah dk xba `d`ld-
inpovbt, xba kax~ipe vlocas xbox opa paloxah ~dxb xba macbokdcs
ij jldh okh `t xba
ka~svovaps xbox opa v`ldsbah vap xdmas jip xba macbokdcs ij
jldh+ Jip xbds paosik
dk xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik `acoma vopxdclop ajjipx jip xba
vpacdsa xpoksvipx ij
hpo~k alamakxs jpim xba zopdis sipcas ~dxb dkxapzakxdiks iklt
ipxbinpovbdc ipstkxocxdc cbopocxap `acosa ~os kix ndzak ds
jipmloxah ka~ cbovxap dk xba `osdc
macbokdcs ij jldh+
Xba kdqakass okh ipdndkoldxt ij ovvldcoxdik dk ohhdxdik xi xba
vpasakxoxdik,
ds xba dksxolloxdik xi xba ovvldcoxdik xba vbixinpovbdc
moxapdols okh zdhais, mipa-
izap xba cillacxdik ij dkjipmoxdik jpim hdjjapakx sipcas okh
xbadp vlocamakx dk
xba ovvldcoxdik+ Xbox zdhai jdlah os xba sdwa ~os `dn okh xbak
clossdjdah okh sj-
japah sima jipm ij xpaoxmakx xi `a dk xba jipm ozodlo`la ik xba
mlxdmahdo ovvld-
coxdik+
3+?+3+0 Onpaamakx ~dxb vpihcxdik vpicassasXba onpaamakx ~dxb xba
vpicassas ij vpihcxdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ds
ldmdxah sdkca jpim xba sxopx ij dxs hazalivmakx hdh kix ardsx
xaom ij ~ipe `x ika
iklt dkhdzdhol+ Mipa svacdjdcollt, xba vopxdclop eki~lahna,
xacbkdqas, arvapd-
akcas okh joclxdas bds vpihcap okh ossdsxokx, Mlxdmahdo
vpinpommap, Mlxdma-
hdo hasdnkap$, scpdvx ~pdxap, alacxpikdc npovbdc vpihcap, zdhai
vpihcap, zdhai
svacdoldsx, dmona covxpa svacdoldsx$, sikh xpoce vpihcap okh xba
arvapx paloxdza
~dxb xba xbamoxdc i`gacx ij ovvldcoxdik, ds ossam`lah `t ika okh
kdqa dkhdzdhol
xbox ojxap~ophs ds cbopocxapdwah os xba oxbip ip vpihcap ij
mlxdmahdo ovvldco-
xdik+Xbapajipa, xba o`sakca ij vopxkaps, dssas ~dxb ~bdcb xbds
vovap haols ~dxb xba
jdrdkn ij sap kaahs, hajdkdxdik - vlokkdkn - aracxdik ij xba
~ipe paqdpah, hazal-
ivdkn okh mikdxipdkn xba dmvlamakxoxdik okh jdkollt vpihca o hzh
~bdcb olli~s
jip "hdpacx" ovvldcoxdik jkcxdikoldxt xi o cimvxap ~dxbix
paqdpdkn dksxolloxdik+
3+?+8 @paoe hi~k dk sxonasOs xbapa ~os ki ~ipedkn npiv jip xba
vpihcxdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik
okh dkarvapdakca ~dxb mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks, ~os `dn, xbapa ~os
o vpi`lam jip
xba cpaoxdik okh vpihcxdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik okh jpim xba
`andkkdkn
xbapa ~os xba capxodkxt xbox xbat ~dll vapjipm+Xba ~ipe
vpihcxdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik sax v dk sxonas, ~bdcb dk
sa-
qakca opa7
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
35/71
OKOLTSDSOKHSTKXBASDSIJOVVLDCOXDIK 31
Sxav ?7 Cpaoxa o scbahla, Saxxdkn i`gacxdzas jip ~ipedkn, @pi~sa
cillacxdik * sxht ij `d`ldinpovbdcol moxapdol,
Noxbapdkn dkjipmoxdik okh v`ldcdxt moxapdol jip xba mlxdmahdo
Ovvldcoxdik, Hi~klioh zdhai okh hdndxol opcbdza ij vpdmopt
moxapdol+
Sxav 07 Okoltsds ij ovvldcoxdik, Okoltsds ij kaahs okh
i`gacxdzas, Cpaoxa kozdnoxdik mov, Hasdnk ij scpaaks ik vovap,
Salacx oxbipdkn sijx~opa ovvldcoxdik, Laopkdkn okh jomdldopdxt ~dxb
sijx~opa+
Sxav 37 Vpavopdkn jip xba stkxbasds ij ovvldcoxdik, Ahdxdkn xba
zdhai, Laopkdkn okh jomdldopdxt ~dxb sijx~opa+
Sxav 87 Mam`apsbdv ovvldcoxdik, Cpaoxdkn xba akzdpikmakx okh
mikdxips, ^pdxdkn okh xarx dkvx, Dmvipx vbixis * zdhai, Cbace okh
cpaoxa hzh-pim+
Dx ds vidkxah ix xbox xba vbosa ij ~pdxdkn ij jdkol ~ipe
hazalivs ox xba soma
xdma ~dxb xba cimvisdxdik ij ovvldcoxdik os ~all os xba ~ipe ij
svapzdsdik ndh-
okca+Mipaizap, xba mlxdmahdo vpigacxs, dk cim`dkoxdik ~dxb xba
dkdxdol i`gacxdzas,
`acosa jip xba paoldwoxdik ij ovvldcoxdik oxbip ba ~os ok
dkhdzdhol, xba xdmaxo-
`la ba ~os kix vpacdsa+
3+?+8+? Sxpcxpa ij xba ovvldcoxdikOx xba vlokkdkn okh xpaoxmakx
ij ovvldcoxdik, ~os jipmloxah xba cakxpol dhao
jip xba cikxakx mak okh mdkd-mak jdkol+ Xba paoldwoxdik ~ilh
`acima os o ar-
omvla ij vissassah scakas xbox ~ilh voss xba ika ojxap~ophs xba
ixbap xbok xba
scpaak ij sap okh ~ilh xpoksvipx bdm dk xba vpivipxdikol
vdaca-mak ~dxbix dx
kaahs dx saopcbas o lix dk xba ovvldcoxdik ip ba ds misx
arcallakx ocqodkxokca ijcimvxaps+
Ika ij xba mipa dmvipxokx vbosas ~os xba sxpcxpa ij hpo~dkn ij
ovvldcoxdik,
`acosa sbilh ds jdlah xba oll dkjipmoxdik ij macbokdcs jldh opa
cpaoxah kdxs okh
s`-sacxdiks okh xbak xba oxbip dx cbaces xba pdnbx sxpcxpa si
xbox opa aosdlt oc-
cassd`la xba okt kdxs dk xba ovvldcoxdik+ Jip xba paoldwoxdik ij
cimvisdxdik, balvah
xba mov ij vdlixona xba ovvldcoxdik xbox `pdkns xba jipm ij xpaa
okh hascpd`as
kihas, xba cikkacxdiks `ax~aak xba zopdis kdxs ij vpasakxoxdik
okh balvs ds xba
`axxap ipnokdwoxdik ij ovvldcoxdik+
Xba hdonpom xbox ~os sah dk xba ovvldcoxdik ij macbokdcs ij jldh
ovvaops dk
Jdnpa 3+0+
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8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
36/71
3: MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Jdnpa 3+07 Xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik dk hdonpom ~dxb `iras
3+?+8+0 Sijx~opa ovvldcoxdik hazalivmakxCiksdhapdkn xba
covo`dldxdas okh cimvoxd`dldxt ij cimmapcdol sijx-~opa cpao-
xdik ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks okh akspa xbadp ldcaksdkn, ojxap
dkzasxdnoxdik, ha-
cdhah xi sa xba jilli~dkn sijx~opa, oll ij xba cimvokt Ohi`a
Stsxams Dkc3, xi
hazaliv xba ovvldcoxdik7
Vbixisbiv zapsdik CS1$, jip dmona vpicassdkn+ Vpamdapa zapsdik
CS1$, jip vpicassdkn xba zdhai+ Sikh`iixb zapsdik CS1$, xi cpaoxa
sikh ajjacxs+ Jlosb zapsdik CS1$ os ok oxbipdkn xiil jip "saxxdkn"
ij dmvlamakx+ Mdcpisijx Ijjdca zapsdik 06?6$+3+?+8+3 Ozodlo`dldxt
ij moxapdol pasipcas
Jip xba hazalivmakx ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik okh xba nakapol
paoldwoxdik ij
vpihcxdik xba vpihcap ~os dkdxdollt ozodlo`la dk xba jilli~dkn
~ots7
Hasexiv ) VC OMH 0,3 NBw-8N` pom mamipt$ okh lovxiv ) VC Ocap
Osvdpa1>80-Dkxal Cipa d1-826M ) 0,> NBw-?N` pom mamipt$ ~dxb
vapdvbapols vpdkxap
Cokkik MV:86, ok arxapkol hpdza kdxs ?N` ^H kdxs okh x~i
dkxapkol ^H
>066pvm hpdzas jip opcbdzdkn hdndxol boph~opa okh sxipona
dmvlamakxoxdik$+
Sijx~opa jip mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdiks okh ijjdca sijx~opa ~dxb
ldcaksas saavoponpovb 3+?+8+0$+
3 Ohi`a, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)0b`z:, occassah 3-?6-06?6$+
http://tiny.cc/2hbv6http://tiny.cc/2hbv6
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37/71
OKOLTSDSOKHSTKXBASDSIJOVVLDCOXDIK 3>
3+0 CIKXAKXS IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIKOx xbds vpasakx sxona, xba xolakx
okh sedlls ij xba cpaoxip ij xba ovvldcoxdik ox-
xocbah vpivaplt xi xba cimvxap xi ocbdaza xba `asx vissd`la
paslx+ Xba xolakx dk
npovbdc opxs okh xba o`dldxt xi cpaoxa lindcol voxbs ~dxb xba sa
ij dkjipmoxdik okh
moxapdols ij xba vpigacx ajjacxdzalt cim`dkah xi ndza xba sap
simaxbdkn ka~+Hpdzak `t cikxdkis okoltsds ij xba ovvldcoxdik, xba
cpaoxip, xptdkn xi `dlh
xba ovvldcoxdik dk o paosiko`la mokkap xi `a oxxpocxdza okh boza
ok aost kozdnoxdik
~dxbdk xba ovvldcoxdik sap+ Xba ossicdoxdik ij cbovxaps, maks
okh s`maks opa
oll vpahaxapmdkah okh pandsxapah `t xba `paahap xi `axxap
kozdnoxa xba ovvldcoxdik.s
sap+
O eat cikcapk ox xbds sxona ~os xba amapnakca ij dhaos paloxah
xi xba cikxakxs
ij xba ovvldcoxdik+ Xbds vpicass bos paslxah dk xba cpaoxdik ij
xba jilli~dkn ldsx ij
cikxakxs7
Dkxpihcxdik Vpivapxdas ij jldhs Jldhs sxoxdcs Edkamoxdcs ij jldh
mixdik Okoltsds ij jldh jli~s Hdmaksdikol okoltsds okh sdmdldxha
@ikhopt lotaps Ika hdmaksdikol cimvpassd`la jli~ Arvapdmakxol jldh
htkomdcs Cimvxoxdikol jldh htkomdcs
Xba dkhar o`iza ndzas o jdpsx "xosxa" jip xba dkjipmoxdik
vpizdhah `t xba ov-
vldcoxdik+ Xba jipmox ds sxpcxpah okh dkclhas bdhhak
coxanipdwoxdiks+ Xba ldsx ijcikxakxs dk dxs akxdpaxt ds dk jll
onpaamakx ~dxb xba ika hasdnkah jip xba okoltsds
vbosa ij dmvlamakxoxdik Jdnpa 3+0$+
Mikdxips xba cpaoxip ciksxpcxah dk scb o ~ot xbox ds mokonao`la
~dxb ovvpi-
vpdoxa `xxiks okh xbak haclopa xba clossdc voxxapk xbox xba
hdpacxip ~okxah xi dk-
zilza dk xba dmvlamakxoxdik hacldkah xi vx o lix ij `xxiks okh
btvapldkes xi ov-
vldcoxdik, si mizamakx dk xba ovvldcoxdik xi paxodk o kaxpol ij
xbds+
Xba xarxs boza `aak dkcipvipoxah dk xba ovvldcoxdik dkjipmoxdik
jpim sdmdlop
sdxas ik jldh macbokdcs+ Ojxap sxht, cpiss cbacedkn xba
dkjipmoxdik vpizdhah ~os
salacxdkn xba kacassopt hicmakxs jip ovvldcoxdik okh xpoksjappah
xi o ^iph jdla
~bdcb hpojxah okh sxpcxpah+ Xbds jdla okh dxs cikxakxs opa
ovvakhah xi xbds vovap
dk Ovvakhdr O+
Panophdkn xba xiils sah xi hazaliv xba ovvldcoxdik opa xbisa
ldsxah dk sacxdik
3+?+8+0+
3+0+? Xacbkdcol jaoxpasO mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik paqdpas `ixb
stsxams hazalivmakx okh ixbap ml-
xdmahdo vpasakxoxdik stsxams+ Xba mlxdmahdo hazalivmakx stsxams
sbilh boza
bdnb cimvxdkn vi~ap, svaah okh sxipona covocdxt+ O zapt josx
vpicassip ds dkoha-
qoxa dj kix occimvokdah `t sjjdcdakx mamipt okh dk hazalivdkn ok
ovvldcoxdikijxak kaahs xi `a modkxodkah ~bdla mokt vpinpoms ivak
ovvldcoxdiks, jdlas ij
mokt xtvas okh jdkollt xba oxbipdkn xiil sah+
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32 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Xba ovvldcoxdik hazalivmakx ~os xba hasexiv ~dxb xba
cbopocxapdsxdcs mak-
xdikah dk sacxdik 3+?+8+3+ Xba mlxdmahdo vpasakxoxdik stsxams hi
kix paqdpa
npaox cimvxdkn vi~ap os ~all os lopna mamipt+ Xbds ds `acosa
kldea ovvldco-
xdik hazalivmakx, dx ds kacassopt xi boza mokt ivak
vpinpoms+
Xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik xi ivapoxa jpaalt paqdpas jkcxdikol
^dkhi~s
>)RV)Zdsxo+ Olsi kacassopt ds xba ardsxakca ij hzh vlotap,
sikh coph okh svaoeaps
jip xbds paosik zdhai vx ik xba ovvldcoxdik+ Dkhaah, xbds
ovvldcoxdik hias kix pa-
qdpa xba dksxolloxdik ij vpasakxoxdik, `x "pks" dxsalj oxi
pk$+
3+3 ^IPE IK XBA CIMVISDXDIK IJ XBA OVVLDCOXDIKOx xbds sxona,
vapjipmah xba jilli~dkn xoses7
Hi~klioh zdhai okh hdndxol opcbdza ij vpdmopt moxapdol, Ahdxdkn
ij zdhai,
Laopkdkn okh jomdldopdxt ~dxb sijx~opa+Xba vpdmopt moxapdol
ipnokdwah okh sxipah+ Xba xixol zilma ij hdndxol moxa-
pdol sah jip xba vpvisas ij xba ovvldcoxdik omikxs xi jdza 1$ N`
okh vbixi-
npovbs ij jdza bkhpah 166$ M`+ Jip xba zdhai ~os sah xi okoltwa
:>6 vdral ?:74
miha ) :46 vdrals dk 873 mihas$+
Hika ox xbds sxona xba hasdnkap `acosa xbapa ds o ~ipedkn npiv
~dxb arvapd-
akca dk xba mokjocxpa ij zdhai sbilh `a jomdldop ~dxb xba
sijx~opa okh xbak
`dlh xba zdhai havakhdkn ik xbadp kaahs+ Xbds ~ipe voceona
xbapajipa saak os ok
dkazdxo`la sxona ij vpihcxdik jip xba oxbip jip xbds paosik, xba
dkxanpoxdik ~dxb
xba o`iza voceonas ~ipe os ok dkxapdm voceona dk xba vpihcxdik
vbosa ds dkazdxo-
`la+
3+8 CIKXPIL OKH HDSXPD@QXDIK IJ OVVLDCOXDIK3+8+? Mikdxipdkn okh
azoloxdik
Qvik cimvlaxdik ij xba hazalivmakx ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik, dx
~os xasxah
arxaksdzalt `t dxs cpaoxip+ Cbaceah vopxdclop soxdsjocxdik
sxokhophs okh paqdpa-
makxs asxo`ldsbah dk xba vpicass ij okoltsds dk xba vpazdis
voponpovb okh xba pa-
qdpamakxs jip xba sdmdlop ovvldcoxdik saps+ Hpdkn xba ohdx jikh
sima appips
~bdcb ~apa cippacxah+Dx ~os olsi mikdxipdkn xba dmvlamakxoxdik
ij ixbap jdza 1$ cimvxaps ~dxb-
ix okt vpi`lams iccp+
3+8+0 Paciphs sacpdxt okh vpixacxdikXba ~ipe dk ovvldcoxdik
hazalivmakx ds ciksxokxlt sxipah ik boph hdses ij xba
cimvxap okh arxapkol hpdza xi eaav `oce vs+
@ocevs ~apa jpim oll sxonas ij dmvlamakxoxdik si kxdl cpaoxah
hzh, okh
xbapa sbilh `a aopldap okh loxap sxonas jip okt appips dk
vlokkdkn ip azak xba ov-
vaopokca ij xba ovvldcoxdik+ Xbak xbapa ~apa `ocevs jip xba
vpdmopt vbixis okh
zdhai os ~all os xba ~osxa moxapdol+ Xba `ocevs ~apa
sdmlxokaislt dk xbpaa
boph hpdzas `ixb dkxapkol okh arxapkol ika, xbak xi o hzh dk
cimvpassdik+
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OKOLTSDSOKHSTKXBASDSIJOVVLDCOXDIK 34
Jip xba vpixacxdik ij civtpdnbx, opa jilli~ah hdjjapakx maxbihs
ij vpixacxdik
si dx cok kix civt xba cikxakxs ij xba ivxdc hdsc+ Dk xbds
ovvldcoxdik, ds paqdpah xi
vpixacx civtpdnbxs+
3+8+3 Jdkdsbah vpihcx hdsxpd`xdikJip dmvlamakxoxdik, xba voceona
~os `dlx, dkdxdollt, `t xba vbixinpovbdc mo-
xapdol ~os ipdndkollt cillacxah cpaoxip `dlx xba cizap, ~bdcb ds
vpivipxdikol xi xba
jldh macbokdcs okh xbak xba hzh cpaoxah xba ovvldcoxdik ~os
vlocah ik o svacdol
vpdkxap okh vpicassah vbixinpovbdc xba laosap, saa Ovvakhdr
DD+$
Xba ovvldcoxdik hias kix paqdpa o mokol, okh ki oximoxdc `iixdkn
hdpacxlt
jpim xba hzh ~dxbix xba kaah jip dksxolloxdik okh xbs ki svacdol
dksxpcxdiks jip
dksxolloxdik, kip xi sxopx ip xi kozdnoxa xba ovvldcoxdik+
Xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik cok `a hdsxpd`xah `t xba joclxt ij
Akndkaapdkn ij
xba cikxpt dkxi sacxdiks havakhdkn ik jldh macbokdcs, os ~all os
scbiils ij jldh
macbokdcs+Ti mot olsi `a haldzapah os ok dkxpihcxdik xi xba
macbokdcs ij jldhs dk
scbiil xacbkilint okh xacbkilindcol hdpacxdik xi scbiils dk xba
cikxpt+ Xi cima
dkxi jdpsx cikxocx cbdlhpak ~bi ~okx xi ~ipe dk xba akndkaapdkn
sacxip okh xba ak-
ndkaapdkn scdakcas+
Jdkollt, xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik, "MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH
MACBOKDCS"
cok `a vpimixah `t xba Mdkdsxpt ij Ahcoxdik Ldjalikn Laopkdkn
okh paldndiks dk
xba ahcoxdikol akbokcamakx ij Npaaca saa sacxdik 3+?+0$+
-
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86 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
vona dkxakxdikollt lajx `loke$
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
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8?
8
HASCPDVXDIK IJ XBA
OVVLDCOXDIK
CIKXAKX
8+? 80DKDXDOL MAKQ
8+0 81SCPAAKSBIXS
8+0+? 81Dkxpihcxdik
8+0+0 8>Vpivapxdas ij jldhs
8+0+3 84Jldhs sxoxdcs
8+0+8 1?Edkamoxdcs ij jldh mixdik
8+0+1 10Okoltsds ij jldh jli~s
8+0+: 13Hdmaksdikol okoltsds okh sdmdldxha
8+0+> 18@ikhopt lotaps
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
42/71
80 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
8+? DKDXDOL MAKQDk xbds kdx, xba ~pdxap ij ovvldcoxdik bos
vlocah dk xi jip scpaaks xba dkdxdol
sxonas ij xpaoxmakx ij ovvldcoxdik+
Xba aromvlas ij vdcxpas ij ovvldcoxdik opa oxxocbah `t xba
~pdxap, xbasa vdc-
xpas scpaakah hdpacxlt `t xba spjoca ij Vc+
Dk xba o`iza okh hi~k vopx ij ovvldcoxdik ~a cok hdsxdkndsb xbox
dk oll bap
vonas dx bos vlocah `xxiks ~bdcb paxpk xba paohap dk xba
vpivipxdikol licoldxdas+
Xbisa scpaaks opa7
Scpaak ?7 xba dkdxdol vona ~dxb xba jll koma okh civtpdnbx ij
xba mlxdmahdo+
Jdnpa 8+?7 Jdpsx scpaak ij ovvldcoxdik
Bima vona7 xbds vona ollicoxas o `xxik ij josx vossona dk
cikxakxs, xbak ollozodlo`la zdhai dk xba ovvldcoxdik okh jdkollt
xba stm`ildsm ij jldh macbokdcs+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
43/71
HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 83
Jdnpa 8+07 Mak bima
Cikxakxs7 dk xbds kdx, xba ~pdxap bos vlocah xak "?6$ cakxpol
kdxs okh xbak ~dxbika vsb ij misa ds vpasakxah xba vpivipxdikol
s`-sacxdiks okh sacxdiks si
xba paohap okh sap ij ovvldcoxdik cok `a mizah cimjipxo`lt dk
okt covdxol ba
~okxs+
Jdnpa 8+37 Cikxakxs xba jdpsx s`mak
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
44/71
88 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Balv7 dk xbds kdx, bos `aak vlocah xba oll balv jip xba sap dk
iphap xi dx cokcimjipxo`lt okh ~dxbix hdjjdclxt sah xba
ovvldcoxdik+
Jdnpa 8+87 Balv vona
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
45/71
HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 81
8+0 SCPAAKSBIXS8+0+? Dkxpihqcxdik
Dk xbds sacxdik, xba paohap cilh laopk xbox ~box ds jldh
macbokdcs, jpxbap-
mipa xba bdsxipt ij jldh macbokdcs okh oll ij xba mogip
~pdxaps+
Jdnpa 8+17 ^box ds jldh macbokdcs
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
46/71
8: MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Jdnpa 8+:7 Xba vona ~dxb xba `dinpovbt ij Hokdal @apkilld
Jdnpa 8+>7 Xba vona ~dxb xba `dinpovbt ij Cloha-Lids
Kozdap+
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
47/71
HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 8>
8+0+0 Vpivapxdas ij jlqdhsDk xbds vopx, xba paohap - sap cilh
laopk jip xba haksdxt okh svacdjdc ~adnbx,
xba vpasspa, xba `le mihls, xba zdscisdxt ~dxb Ka~xikdok,
kik-Ka~xikdok okh
maospa ij zdscisdxt+ Mipaizap xbapmol cikhcxdzdxt okh maospa ij
xbapmol cik-
hcxdzdxt, xba spjoca xaksdik, maospa ij spjoca xaksdik okh
jdkollt aqoxdik ijsxoxa+ Jip aromvla xba oxbip dx vpasakxs ~dxb
vpdkxs scpaaks sima ij xba vonas
hi~k+
Jdnpa 8+27 Xba vona jip xba haksdxt okh svacdjdc ~adnbx
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
48/71
82 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Jdnpa 8+47 Xba vona jip xba maospa ij spjoca xaksdik
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
49/71
HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 84
8+0+3 Jlqdhs sxoxdcsDk sacxdik jldh sxoxdcs, xba paohap sap cilh
laopk jip xba vpasspa zopdoxdik
dk o sxoxdc jldh, jldh sxoxdc ij xba oxmisvbapa, jip xba o`silxa
okh nona vpas-
spa+ Jpxbapmipa, jip xba vpasspa maospamakx, bthpisxoxdc jipcas
ik spjocas,
xba `itokct okh sxo`dldxt okh jdkollt jip xba ldqdhs dk
occalapoxdik+ Dk xba akh,xba ~box ds vdawimaxap, `opimaxap, -x`a
mokimaxap, dkcldkah mokimaxap okh md-
cpimokimaxap+
Jdnpa 8+?67 Xba vona jip xba -x`a mokimaxap
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
50/71
16 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Jdnpa 8+??7 Xba vona jip xba bthpisxoxdc jipcas ik cpzah
spjocas
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
51/71
HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 1?
8+0+8 Edkamoxdcs ij jlqdh mixdikDk xbds sacxdik, xba paohap sap
cilh laopk jip xba ~ots xi liie xba jldh ij
jli~, xba lonpokndok okh alapdok hascpdvxdik ij jli~ okh jdkollt
jip sxpaomldkas,
sxpaoeldkas okh voxbldkas+
Jdnpa 8+?07 Xba vona jip xba Alapdok hascpdvxdik ij jli~
-
8/3/2019 fmtulab_DT-077_2011-03
52/71
10 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
8+0+1 Okoltsds ij jlqdh jli~sDk xbds vopx ij ovvldcoxdik, xba
sap cilh laopk jip xba ciksapzoxdik lo~s, hdj-
japakxdol okh dkxanpol aqoxdiks okh aocb s`mak ij xbasa
sacxdiks+
Jdnpa 8+?37 Xba vona jip xba mimakx ij mimakxm aqoxdik
-
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HASCPDVXDIKIJOVVLDCOXDIK 13
8+0+: Hdmaksdikol okoltsds okh sdmdldxqhaDk xba sacxdik
hdmaksdikol okoltsds okh sdmdldxha, xba paohap cilh laopk xba
maxbihs jip hdmaksdikol okoltsds, hdmaksdiklass aqoxdiks ij jldh
mixdik okh
sdmdldxha+
Jdnpa 8+?87 Xba vona jip xba hdmaksdikol km`aps
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18 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
8+0+> @iqkhopt lotapsDk @ikhopt lotaps vopx, xba oxbip
vpasakxs xba `ikhopt lotap cikcavx, aqo-
xdiks okh xba maxbihs ij okoltsds, xba @losds okh Joleak- seok
silxdik+ Jdkollt
vpasakxs xba dkxanpol maxbihs, zik Eopmok mimakxm dkxanpol okh
Vilbosak si-
lxdik+
Jdnpa 8+?17 Xba vona jip xba `ikhopt lotap cikcavx
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11
1
CIKCLQSDIKS
CIKXAKX
1+? 1:SQMMOPT OKH PAZDA^
1+0 1>JQXQPA ^IPE
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1: MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
1+? SQMMOPT OKH PAZDA^Dk xbds vovap paocbah xba vpihcxdik okh
vpasakxoxdik ij ovvldcoxdik Mlxd-
mahdo jldh macbokdcs"+ Xba ovvldcoxdik balv xi laopk xba
macbokdcs ij jldhs ox
lazals `piohlt xbok dx bos `aak vpahaxapmdkah `t xba `iies+ Xbds
ds ika xbox ~a
boza ok ovvldcoxdik xbox ndzas s lixs ij dkjipmoxdik okh ds
dksxollah ik hzh okh
olsi xbox ~a boza xba ivvipxkdxt xi sbopa dx zapt aosdlt jpim
~box `iies okh
kixas ~dll `a kaahah jip xba cipsa ij jldh macbokdcs+ ^a opa
ndzak xba ivvipx-
kdxt xi vpasakx xba ovvldcoxdik xi eki~ xba bdsxipt, xtvas okh
xba o`silxa dmvip-
xokca ij xbasa okh xbak oll xba palazokx xbaipt ik jldh
macbokdcs+ Xba occpoct ij
xba dkjipmoxdik xbpinb xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik ds cikxpillah
silalt `t xba oc-
cpoct ij dkjipmoxdik vpizdhah `t xba scdakxdjdc `picbpas okh
dkjipmoxdik ik xba
dkxapkax ~bdcb ~apa xpoksvipxah xi xba dmvlamakxoxdik ij
ovvpivpdoxa dkxapzak-
xdiks+Xba ipdndkoldxt ij xba ovvldcoxdik okh dxs kdqakass,
`atikh xba ovvaopokca
okh cikxakx, xba dkxanpoxdik ij moxapdol ~apa scoxxapah dk
zopdis scdakxdjdc `iies
okh xba dkxapkax okh xbak xba cillacxdik ij zdhai okh okolina
vpicassdkn xbam xi
liie `axxap dk sap+
Xba xopnaxs - saps ij xba ovvldcoxdik opa xba xpodkaps okh
xpodkaas ij xba aknd-
kaapdkn sacxip ij sdmdlop scbiils dk Npaaca+ Xba ovvldcoxdik ds
iklt dk Aknldsb okh
ohhpassah xi o svacdjdc pokna ij onas ~dxb capxodk cikhdxdiks,
ika eki~s xba sa ij
cimvxaps okh xi `a dk o sdmdlop sdxoxdik-ona xi `a o`la xi
paciph dkjipmoxdik,
sxdmld ~dxb npaoxap aosa+
Xba dkjipmoxdik vpizdhah `t xba ovvldcoxdik opa vopxdcloplt sajl
jip sx-hakxs okh xaocbaps ij jldh macbokdcs, xi ako`la sxhakxs xi
laopk ~bdla xba scdakca
ij jldh macbokdcs dk xba `asx vissd`la ~ot okh xbak olli~
xaocbaps xi xaocb xba
`asx vissd`la ~ot+
Xba ovvldcoxdik cok pk ik okt cimvoxd`la cimvxap xbox bos hzh
pim ip hzh
hpdzap+ Jip xba ovvldcoxdik hazalivmakx ajjipx ~os vodh xi jllt
dkxanpoxa xba ov-
vldcoxdik dk vpihcxdik vpicass okh xbak ~dxb xba ipdndkol
paqdpamakxs xbox ~apa
vpazdislt `adkn okoltsds+
Xba xdmdkn ij vpavopoxdik ij xbds xbasds ~bdcb azakxollt paocbah
xba cikcl-
sdik, dx ovvaops dk Jdnpa 1+?+
Xba sdwa ij xba mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik dk cikgkcxdik ~dxb xba
i`gacxdzas okhpaqdpamakxs jpim xba `andkkdkn ij xba ~ipedkn sax, os
~all os xba ha jocxi mapnap
ij oll pasviksd`dldxdas okh xoses xi o sdknla vapsik, vpazakxah
xba vpavopoxdik ij xba
hdssapxoxdik xi xba cikzakxdikol xdma svacdjdah `t xba cppdclm
ij xba Havopx-
makx ij Macbokdcol Akndkaapdkn Ahcoxips dk xba Scbiil ij
Vahonindcol okh
Xacbkilindcol Ahcoxdik OSVAXA$+ Qkhi`xahlt, xba xdma hazalivmakx
ij lo`ip
cilh `a pahcah xi o mdkdmm okh xbapa ~os o `axxap paslx dj ti
boh xba ovvpi-
vpdoxa kdcba okh ossdnkdkn sxojj okh xbak xbapa ~apa ki
ixsxokhdkn sxhakx i`ldno-
xdiks ij xba vpihcap-cpaoxip+
Xba vpasakx ovvldcoxdik ~ilh dkdxdollt `a sah `t xba Akndkaapdkn
Sacxdik ij
OSVODXA okh ojxap xba ovvpivpdoxa sacxdiks ij Akndkaapdkn okh
Xacbkilint
Bdnbap Ahcoxdik Dksxdxxdiks dk Npaaca xi laopk xba macbokdcs ij
jldhs jpim xba
sxhakxs+
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CIKCLQSDIKS 1>
Jdnpa 1+?7 Jdkol xbasds xdmaldka
Xbak dx cilh `a sah os o xiil xi xaocb okt sxhakxs dk xba
akndkaapdkn sacxip
~bapa xacbkilindcol scbiils dk xba cikxpt+ Xbak dx cilh `a sah
`t xba Mdkdsxpt
ij Ahcoxdik Ldjalikn Laopkdkn okh Paldndik, xi jomdldopdwa
sxhakxs okolinas ik
xba scdakca ij jldh macbokdcs okh xbak dk sdmdlop samdkops ip
~ipesbivs os ah-
coxdikol moxapdol+
Os ok avdlina xi xba cikclsdik sbilh `a kixa xbox xba vpihcap
boh okdqa arvapdakca jip cpaoxdkn okh laopkdkn xba sijx~opa jpim
xba mlxdmahdo ov-
vldcoxdik+ Xbak ba laopkah xi ~ipe maxbihdcollt okh ipnokdwah xi
`a o`la xi paocb
xba `asx vissd`la paslx okh xi jljdl xbadp sdmdlop i`gacxdzas
boh sax ox xba `andk-
kdkn ij ~ipe+
Jdkollt, xba xbasds ~os ~pdxxak dk Npaae jdpsx okh xbak dk
Aknldsb xpoksloxdik
~os moha `t xba oxbip okh occassipdas jpaa ikldka xpoksloxdik
vpinpoms+
1+0 JQXQPA ^IPEXba Aknldsb loknona ~os cbisak os dx ds o nli`ol
loknona okh xba ovvldco-
xdik cilh `a laopkah okh xi sbopa dk akndkaapdkn scbiils
o`pioh+
Xba hazalivmakx vpvisa ij ovvldcoxdik ds xi svvlamakxah xba
pamodkhap
covdxol ij ovvldcoxdik xbox ds o`sakx ip dmvpizas xba olpaoht
covdxols+ Mipaizap,
ika mipa vissd`la hazalivmakx ij ovvldcoxdik ~ilh `a dssah jip
vaivla ~dxb
hdso`dldxdas+ Xba dssa cilh svvipx vaivla ~dxb zdsol ip baopdkn
ip ~dxb svacdjdc
cinkdxdza okh vbtsdcol kaahs+ Xbds zapsdik ds xba jxpa niol ij
xba vpihcap okh
~ilh ldea xi `a cimvdlah hdndxollt okh sicdollt zlkapo`la npivs
okh xi boza
vopdxt+ Jdpsx xi hi si sbilh moea sima mihdjdcoxdiks dk xba
ovvldcoxdik okh xbak
boh xi sa sima svacdoldwah vpinpoms svacdjdcollt jip xba
ovvpivpdoxa mihdjdco-
xdiks si xbox xba ojipamakxdikah dkhdzdhols xi aosdlt mokona
ovvldcoxdik hoxo+
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12 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
Mipaizap, dx cilh, ~dxbdk xba ardsxdkn ovvldcoxdik xi sa gozo
ovvldcoxdiks jip
dhakxdjtdkn zopdis xtvas okh hdonpoms dk ~bdcb xba sap cilh `a
vlocah ik scb
maospamakxs ds xoeak jpim o lo`ipoxipt ip jpim xba Dkxapkax okh
xi zapdjt+
Jdkollt, xba jxpa cilh `a xi akpdcb xba ovvldcoxdik ~dxb mipa
dkjipmoxdik+
Dk vopxdclop xbat cilh akpdcb xba xarx ij ovvldcoxdik xtvas okh
`a jdxxah dj kacas-
sopt okh ka~ cbovxaps ik xba `asx vissd`la savopoxdik+ Mipa, dx
cilh `a xpoksloxa
xi hdjjapakx loknonas sima ij xbam cilh `a Npaae, Napmok okh
Cbdkasa lok-
nona+
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14
:
PAJAPAKCAS
CIKXAKX
:+? :6PAJAPAKCAS JIP ^PDXXAK ^IPE
:+?+? :6Dkxapkax sipcas
:+0 :?PAJAPAKCAS JIP XBA OVVLDCOXDIK
:+0+? :0Dkxapkax sipcas jip xba xarxs
:+0+0 :1Dkxapkax sipcas jip xba vpinpommdkn
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:6 MQLXDMAHDO JLQDH MACBOKDCS
:+? PAJAPAKCAS JIP ^PDXXAK ^IPE?+@boxkonop, N+ "0660$,
Dkxpihcxdik xi Mlxdmahdo Stsxams, Ocohamdc Vpass+0+Cbpdsxdokssik,
V+ "0668$, Ovvldcoxdik ij dcx svvipxah laopkdkn dk jldh ma-
cbokdcs, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)dpgj: "occassah 0-0-06??$+
3+Hdce, ^+ okh Copat, L+ "?44?$, Xba stsxamoxdc hasdnk ij
dksxpcxdik, "3ph ah+$,Bopvap Cilldks, Ka~ Tipe,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ovh~` "occassah ??-2-06??$+
8+Lopdlloph, H+ Laopkdkn jipmol pavpasakxoxdiks xbpinb
Mlxdmahdo,bxxv7))xdkt+cc)jx>a "occassah 0-0-06??$+
1+Ldkho, A+ "?448$, , , +:+, ++ "0662$, 7 -,
,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)q`lc0 " 3)1)06??$+
:+?+? Dkxapkax siqpcas?+Ohi`a CS1, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)0b`z:,
"occassah 3-?6-06?6$+0+Okoltsds ij mlxdmahdo ovvldcoxdik,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)en30p"occassah 1-3-06??$+3+Hdce, ^+ okh Copat, L+
Npovbdc havdcxdik ij xpodkdkn mihal,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)en30p, "occassah ??-2-06??$+
8+Aqoxdiks jip o Ka~xikdok jldh, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)4goh~ "occassah
?>-1-06??$1+Mlxdmahdo okh xba sap-cakxpah hasdnk vpicass
kdzapsdxt ij ams
bxxv7))~~~+cc+da)bjpn)amms "occassah ?6-?6-06?6$+
:+Vdcxpa jip hasdnk ij cimmapcdol `ioxs+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8qeq~
"occassah 03-8-06??$+
>+Vdcxpa jip jltdkn vsdha-hi~k, x~i odpjidls,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)vvc4w "occassah ?>-1-06??$+
2+Vdcxpa jip jxpa sbdv+ bxxv7))xdkt+cc)88?p~ "occassah
?2-8-06??$+4+Vdcxpa jip zadk ~dxb xbpim`isds, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)dx~4`
"occassah ?>-8-06??$+
?6+^dedvahdo, Ollok Qpbi Vodzdi, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)~m12 "occassah
?>-1-06??$+??+^dedvahdo, Okhpat Kdeiloazdcb Eilminipiz,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)hc4c2 "occassah
?>-1-06??$+
?0+^dedvahdo, Opcbdmahas ij Stpocsa, bxxv7))xdktpl+cim)1psvrtb
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+
?3+^dedvahdo, @lodsa Voscol, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)zcowd "occassah
?>-1-06??$+?8+^dedvahdo, Cloha-Lids Kozdap, bxxv7))xdkt+cc):o0qg
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+?1+^dedvahdo, Hokdal @apkilld,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)wajrn "occassah ?>-1-06??$+?:+^dedvahdo,
Azoknaldsxo Xippdcalld, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ls188 "occassah
?>-1-06??$+?>+^dedvahdo, Jldh macbokdcs, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)lidr`
"occassah 1-3-06??$+?2+^dedvahdo, Nixxbdlj Badkpdcb Lh~dn Bonak,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)1tz4j"occassah ?>-
1-06??$+
?4+^dedvahdo, Bapmokk Lh~dn Japhdkokh zik Balmbilxw,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)2xovj"occassah ?>-1-06??$+
06+^dedvahdo, Bdsxipt ij jldh macbokdcs, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)nt3vk
"occassah 1-3-06??$+
0?+^dedvahdo, Gaok Lids Mopda Vidsadlla, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8?pct
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+
http://tiny.cc/irjf6http://tiny.cc/apdwbhttp://tiny.cc/ftu7ehttp://tiny.cc/qblc2http://tiny.cc/2hbv6http://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/9jadwhttp://www.ucc.ie/hfrg/emmushttp://tiny.cc/4qkqwhttp://tiny.cc/ppc9zhttp://tiny.cc/441rwhttp://tiny.cc/itw9bhttp://tiny.cc/wmu58http://tiny.cc/dc9c8http://tinyurl.com/5rspxyhhttp://tiny.cc/vcazihttp://tiny.cc/6a2qjhttp://tiny.cc/zefxghttp://tiny.cc/ls544http://tiny.cc/loixbhttp://tiny.cc/5yv9fhttp://tiny.cc/8tapfhttp://tiny.cc/gy3pnhttp://tiny.cc/41rcyhttp://tiny.cc/41rcyhttp://tiny.cc/gy3pnhttp://tiny.cc/8tapfhttp://tiny.cc/5yv9fhttp://tiny.cc/loixbhttp://tiny.cc/ls544http://tiny.cc/zefxghttp://tiny.cc/6a2qjhttp://tiny.cc/vcazihttp://tinyurl.com/5rspxyhhttp://tiny.cc/dc9c8http://tiny.cc/wmu58http://tiny.cc/itw9bhttp://tiny.cc/441rwhttp://tiny.cc/ppc9zhttp://tiny.cc/4qkqwhttp://www.ucc.ie/hfrg/emmushttp://tiny.cc/9jadwhttp://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/kg32rhttp://tiny.cc/2hbv6http://tiny.cc/qblc2http://tiny.cc/ftu7ehttp://tiny.cc/apdwbhttp://tiny.cc/irjf6
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PAJAPAKCAS :?
00+^dedvahdo, Gaok-@ovxdsxa la Pikh h.Olam`apx,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)ri~6h "occassah?>-1-06??$+
03+^dedvahdo, Gisavb-Lids Lonpokna, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)hnd0n
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+08+^dedvahdo, Laikophi hd sap Vdapi ho
Zdkcd, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)q~ixr "occassah ?>-
1-06??$+
01+^dedvahdo, Laikboph Alap, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)qn~mt "occassah
?>-1-06??$+0:+^dedvahdo, Lh~dn Vpokhxl, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)vbpm:
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+0>+^dedvahdo, Mlxdmahdo,
bxxv7))xdkt+cc)>a>m "occassah 3-?6-06?6$+02+^dedvahdo,
KozdapSxieas aqoxdiks, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)dpgj: "occassah
?>-1-06??$04+^dedvahdo, Is`ipka Patkilhs, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)zxkon
"occassah ?>-1-06??$+36+^dedvahdo, Vdappa-Sdmik mopqds ha
Lovloca, bxxv7))xdkt+cc)8c1oe "occassah
?>-1-06??$+
3?+^
