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klasi IIIkiTxvis done – 3.1teqstis tipi – sainformacio-SemecnebiTi
saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqti (G-PriEd) madlobas uxdis lela qistaurs, rezo gogias, nugzar arCe maSvils da eliso rexviaSvils, romlebmac paata papavas xelmZRvanelobiT mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitanes am wignebis momzadebaSi. gansakuTrebuli madloba qalbaton medea kakaCias (USAID) gawe uli daxmarebisTvis.
am masalis momzadeba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis keTili nebiTa da aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT. masalebis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia SemdgenelTa jgufi da igi ar warmoadgens aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa da aSS mTavrobis azrs. Ees masala momzadda aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan erTad.
Sexede fotos!
am Sinaur cxovels Sen
Zalian kargad icnob. is
bevr ojaxSi ginaxavs. bav
SvebTanac xSi rad TamaSobs.
es kataa! _ maSinve ityvi,
rogorc ki mas dainaxav. Sen xom Za
lian bevri sxvadasxva zomisa da feris
kata ginaxavs!
axla meore foto naxe!
albaT GaTvli, rom
esec kataa, mze ze ne biv
rad gawolili... magram,
Tu kargad daakvirdebi,
mixvdebi, rom es sxva
cxovelia. bunebis wiaR
Si imyofeba, ga mo xedvac
ufro mkac ri aqvs.
am or cxovels Soris ramdenime gan
sxvavebas advilad aRmoaGen.
Sexede maT pirs, yurebs, TaTebs... isi
ni sxvadasxvanairia.
magram mTavari ganmasxvavebeli ni
Sani mainc maTi xasiaTi da sacxovre
beli pirobebia.
kata Sinauri cxovelia, adamianebTan
saxlSi cxovrobs. is Sinauri kataa,
moalersea da krutuna. Tumca, Tu gab
razda, saSiSia. SeuZlia dagkawros da
dagkbinos kidec.
meore cxovels focxveri hqvia. igi
tyeSi binadrobs da mtacebeli cxove
lia.
2
sad cxovrobs focxveri?
focxveri cxovrobs uRran tyeSi, iS
viaTad _ mTis qvian kalTebzec. bu nags
ikeTebs gadatexili xis qveS, xis fuRu
roSi, kldis napralSi, qvebs Soris an
xis totebze. iq zrdis deda focxveri
Tavis Svilebs, iZinebs, isvenebs...
daakvirdi fotos. focxveris ukan misi
bunagia. ras ityvi, kargi TavSesafaria?
3
rogoria focxveri?
focxveris ramdenime saxeoba arsebobs. igi gansxvavdeba SeferilobiT, woniT. focxveri an Galisferia, an wiTuri da lamazi xalebi aqvs. sigrZiT 82dan 109 santimetramdea da 9dan 19 kilogramamde iwonis. iSviaTad 32 kilogramsac aRwevs. mamali focxveri ufro mZimea, vidre dedali.
focxvers aqvs tanTan Sedare biT grZeli, Zlieri fexebi da farTo TaTebi. TaTebis terfebi dafarulia bewvis sqe li feniT. bewvis fena xmaurs axSobs. ami tom mas SeuZlia, SeumGnevlad miepa ros msxverpls da ramdenime naxtomiT daiWiros igi. sakvebis ZebnaSi focxverma zogjer SeiZleba 100 kilometric gairbinos.
4
gyavs ojaxSi kata?
Tu ici, ra zomisaa da ramdens iwonis igi?
Seadare focxveris zomas da wonas.
rogor nadirobs focxveri?
focxvers ucnaurad dacqvetili yu
re bi aqvs, yuris boloebze ki _ grZe
li `funjebi~. is Zalian frTxili
cxo velia. maSinac ki, roca mSvidad
wevs da uwyinari saxe aqvs, garSemo
yvelafers akontrolebs. focxvers Za
lian kargi smena aqvs. yuris wverze
an te nebiviT aRmarTuli `funjebiT~
mas yvelaze Soreuli bgerebic esmis.
mgrZnobiare ulvaSebiT ki araGveuleb
rivad SeigrZnobs suns.5
6
focxveri Gasaf
rebuli nadirobs
da swrafi nax
tomebiT iWers na
davls. imaleba
buG qebis an qvebis
ukan, an xis totzea gawolili da ise
ucdis sakbilos. sanadirod ZiriTadad
RamiT gamodis. mxolod deda focxveri
nadirobs dRisiT. mas xom SvilebisTvis
mudmivad sWirdeba sakvebi.
yvelaze mGxvletavi TavSesafari
focxveri katasaviT mardad dacocavs
xeebze. msxverpls xSirad zemodan esxmis
Tavs. magram Zlier metoqes Tu gadae
yara, xeze acocebiT Tavsac gadairGens.
erTxel arizonas StatSi focxvers
Tavs puma daesxa. irgvliv xe arsad Gan
da, aqaiq mxo lod uzarmazari kaq
tusebi idga. focxveri swrafad Sexta
kaqtusis Gxvletia tanze da Tvalis
daxamxamebaSi kenweroze aZvra. dajda
da iseTive moTminebiT daeloda mtris
wasvlas, rogori moTminebiTac sakbi
los ucdis xolme.
7
mzrunveli deda
focxvers 2 an 3 Svili hyavs. isini gazafxulze an zafxulSi ibadebian. axaldabadebuli knuti Zalian pataraa. is 200250 grams iwonis. Tavidan knutebs Tvalebi daxuWuli aqvT da mxolod 812 dRis Semdeg axelen.
deda focxvers nanadirevi Tavis knutebTan miaqvs. bunags rom miuaxlovdeba, `eZaxis~ Svilebs. isinic gamorbian misken da sakvebs miirTmeven. sanam danayrdebian, deda iqve zis da `pirs ibans~: TaTs isvams saxeze. sadilobis Semdeg morGenil nanadirevs deda focxveri inaxavs.
Tu patara knutebis erTi adgilidan meoreze gadayvana unda, deda focxveri maT qeGoSi frTxilad Gaavlebs pirs da ise gadahyavs.
8
9
braziani knutebi
dabadebidan erTi Tvis Semdeg knutebi
erTmaneTis mimarT xSirad agresiulebi
xdebian. zog mecniers miaGnia, rom es sakve
bis Secvlis bralia. knutebi xom am dros
dedis rZidan xorcze gadadian da nel
nela mtacebeli cxovelis Tvisebebs iZenen.
amitom momvlelebi zooparkebSi knutebs
droebiT erTmaneTs aSoreben xolme.
adamiani da focxveri
rogorc ukve ici, focxveri mtacebelia. Tumca zogjer adamianebi sicocxlis riskis fasad cdiloben, moaSinauron. ruseTSi, qalaq kalugaSi, erT ojaxSi oTx katasTan erTad cxovrobs moSinaurebuli focxveri. focxvers `zeni~ hqvia. is patronebma cxovelTa TavSesafridan waiyvanes. `zeni~ sxva katebis msgavsad iqceva _ TamaSobs, erToba. mas sakvebisTvis Sor manZilze sirbili da nadiroba ar uwevs. masze patronebi zrunaven. rogor ggoniaT, daiviwyebs zeni Tavis mtaceblur bunebas?
10
focxveri saqarTvelos tyeebSic gvxv de ba, magram igi aq mxolod nakrZalebSi binadrobs da dasaxlebul adgilebs Tavs aridebs. amitom is adamianebisTvis safrTxes TiTqmis ar warmoadgens. adre Gvens tyeebSi focxverebis raodenoba bevrad meti iyo. tyeebis gakafvis Semdeg maTi ricxvi Zalian Semcirda. amave dros, xSirad adamianebi focxverze nadiroben misi fumfula bewvis gamo. amitom dRes es cxoveli gadaSenebis pirasaa. masze nadiroba bevr qveyanaSi akrZalulia.
11
espanuri, anu iberiuli focxveri
ZiriTadi informacia
garegnoba: mokle kudi, maRali fexebi, ganieri
TaTebi, Tmiani yurebi, xSiri bewvi nikaps qvemoT,
nac risferi an moyviTalomoyavisfro dabali bewvi,
leopardis msgavsi mkveTri xalebi.
wona: 1013 kg.
sxeulis sigrZe: 88100 sm (es saxeoba yvelaze
pataraa focxverebs Soris).
statusi: gadaSenebis piras myofi.
statusis miniWebis TariRi: 2007 weli.
zrdasrul individTa raodenoba msof lioSi
2007 wels: daaxloebiT 84143 individi.
gavrcelebis geografiuli areali:
pirineis (ibe riis) naxevarkunZuli.
sabinadro ekosistema: xmelTaSua zRvis
mimdebare subtropikuli tyeebi
(gansakuTrebiT qva muxisa da korpis muxis
tye), buGqnarebi, saTibsaZovrebi.
katisebrTa ojaxidan iberiul fo
cxvers yvelaze metad emuqreba gaqro
bis safrTxe. cnobilia, rom daaxlo
ebiT 2000 wlis win gadaSenda katebis
ojaxis erTi warmomadgeneli xmal
kbila vefxvi, igive smilodoni. misi
aRwera axla mxolod namarxebis saSu
alebiTRa Tu SegviZlia. samwuxarod,
iberiuli focxveri bolo 2000 wlis
manZilze gadaSenebul katisebrTa sia
Si SeiZleba Semdegi aRmoGndes.
1960 wlis monacemebiT, iberiuli
focx veris daaxloebiT 4000 individi
iyo dafiqsirebuli. bolo 50 wlis gan
mavlobaSi maTi raodenoba Zalian Sem
cirda. dRes mxolod 200mde individia
darGenili. amave dros, maTgan gamrav
lebis unaris mqone mxolod ori jgu
fia aRmoGenili espaneTis samxre TiT. 13
ratom aRmoGnda iberiuli focxveri gadaSenebis piras?
• sakvebis simcireiberiuli focxveri sxva saxeobis
focxverebTan SedarebiT taniT pata
raa. amitom mcire zomis cxovelebze
nadirobs. misi ZiriTadi sakvebia evro
puli bocveri. Tumca Wams mRrRnelebs,
patara zomis frinvelebs da amfibieb
sac. mamrs dasanayreblad dReSi erTi
bocveri hyofnis. mdedrs ki, Tu na
Sierebi hyavs, samic sWirdeba.
focxveris ZiriTad sakvebs, bocvers,
wlebis ganmavlobaSi epidemia anadgu
rebda da raki ZiriTadi sakvebis wyaro
mkveT rad Seumcirda, iberiul foc
xvers ufro didi zomis cxoveleb ze
14
mouwia nadiroba, rac misTvis nam
dvilad ar aris advili. amave dros,
mas sazrdoSi meliebi, gareuli ZaRle
bi da gareuli katebic ecilebian.
sakma risi sakvebis ararseboba xSirad
foc xveris sikvdilis mizezi xdeba.
• sacxovrebeli arealis Semcireba
iberiuli focxveris gamravlebas
xels uSlis sabinadro arealis Semci
reba da dazianeba, kerZod, tyeebis Gex
va, gzebis, wyalsacavebis, sarkinigzo
15
xazebis, agarakebis mSenebloba. adami
anebma 19601990 wlebSi mas sacxovreb
lis naxevarze meti (TiTqmis 80%)
gauGanages.
iberiuli focxveri korpis muxis
tyeSi binadrobs. adamianebi ki korpis
xis qerqisgan amzadeben boTlis saco
bebs, avejs, kedlebisa da iatakis mosa
pirkeTebel filebs, manqanis Zravis
Semadgenel nawilebs, kriketisa da
16
beisbolis burTebs, TevzsaWeri badis
tivtivebs da sxva aTasgvar nivTs. mar
Talia, xes mouWrelad aclian qerqs
da is isev ganagrZobs arsebobas, magram
focxveris samosaxlod es tyeebi ukve
gamousadegaria. is Zalian frTxili
cxovelia. yvelanairad aridebs Tavs
xmaurian adgilebs, amitom aseTi tyee
bidan garbis.
17
• sagzao SemTxvevebi bolo dros, gzaze gadarbenisas 10ze
meti iberiuli focxveri emsxverpla
avtoavarias. iqneb fiqrob, rom es arc
ise bevria. magram, Tu gaixseneb, rom
msoflioSi sul 200mde individia
SemorGenili, mixvdebi, ramdenad mni S
vnelovania TiToeuli focxveris si
cocxle. amave dros, magistralebis
gayvanis Semdeg gamravlebis unaris
mqone individebi daiqsaqsnen. ra Tqma
un da, maT gamravlebas esec xels uSlis.
18
• ukanono nadiroba 1970 wlidan am cxovelze nadiroba
akrZalulia. magram aris SemTxvevebi,
roca is mainc xdeba brakonierebis
msxver pli. maT focxveris bew vi da
xorci izidavT. zogjer ki iberiuli
focxveri sxva cxovelisTvis dagebul
xafangSi amTavrebs sicocxles.
zrunva gadarGenisTvis
dReisaTvis veluri bunebis
dacvis msoflio fondi
(WWF), sxva arasamTavrobo
organizaciebi da evrokavSi
ri (EU), aseve espaneTis erov
nuli da regionaluri admi
nistracia arafers iSureben iberiuli
19
focxveris gadasarGenad. maTi erTob
livi zrunvis Sedegad mTlianma popu
laciam mateba daiwyo. 2009 wlis aR
weram 230 individi daafiqsira. nacio
nalur parkebSic 200dan 300mde in
dividi hyavT. miuxedavad amisa, es mainc
imdenad mcire raodenobaa, rom am
cxo velis momavali jerjerobiT kvlav
gaurkvevelia.
rogor SeiZleba daxmarebis gaweva?
• korpis xis dargva;
• informaciis gavrceleba inter
netSi;
• gadarGenis programaSi GarTva.
20