Fom Lab Presentation

8/16/2019 Fom Lab Presentation

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AUTOMATIC DEFECTIVEPIECE REJECTING MACHINE

SUBMITTED BY:-Parkash Raghav

Rijul JainShivam TyagiSumit Singhal Yoginder Yadav

Under the gud!n"e #$:- Abhishek Pandey School Of Engineering


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ABSTRACT

Automatic defective iece rejecting machine is a kind ofmachine !hich is used to reject defective ieces" #efectscan be of any tye mass defect$ structural defect and

much more" %n this roject structural defect is takeninto consideration &defects in heights' for !hich %Rsensors are used to detect the defect and once the defectis found that iece is removed from the conveyor belt

!ith the hel of synchronous motors"


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%(TRO#)*T%O(#E+E*TS , Any un!anted or undesirable result in

the final roduct is kno!n as defect"

-ays to detect any defect,.' /eight 0 %R sensors$ ultrasonic sensors

1' -eight 0 load cell

2' *rystal #efect34aser scanner +lo! #etector


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Parts !hich contribute to this machine*onveyor belt

#"* geared motor

Synchronous 5otor

*ounter

Relay

Transformer

6ears

% R Sensor and Receiver


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*onveyor

belt

It is a continuousmoving band made of

fabric, rubber, or metal

used for transporting

objects from one place toanother.


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#"* 6eared5otor

D.C Geared motor is an extension of a

d.c motor. It is a type of electrical motorthat is designed to produce high torquewhile maintaining a low horsepower, or

low speed, motor output.

hese motors are commonly used in

devices such as can garage door openers,

washing machine time control !nobs and

even electric alarm cloc!s


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Synchronous5otor

As the name suggests Synchronous motors arecaable of running at constant seed irresective

of the load acting on them"Princile , -hen a 2 hase electric conductorsare laced in a certain geometrical ositions &%ncertain angle from one another' there is anelectrical field generate" (o! the rotatingmagnetic field rotates at a certain seed$ thatseed is called synchronous seed" (o! if an

electromagnet is resent in this rotatingmagnetic field$ the electromagnet is magneticallylocked !ith this rotating magnetic field androtates !ith same seed of rotating field"


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*ounter

%t is a device used to count " -henever thesignal breaks it automatically add . to itsrevious value and sho! it on 7 segmentdislay !ith the hel of

%* *#891:;2 !hich hels in determiningthe number of correct ieces


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Relay A relay is an electromagnetic s!itchoerated by a relatively small electriccurrent that can turn on or off a muchlarger electric current" The heart of arelay is an electromagnet &a coil of !ire that becomes a temorarymagnet !hen electricity flo!sthrough it'"


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Transformer

A transformer is an electrical devicethat transfers energy bet!een t!o ormore circuits throughelectromagnetic induction" #ue to !hich they are used to ste u or ste

do!n the inut voltage"


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6ears6ears are the device in !hichtransmission of rotation bet!eencontacting toothed !heels haens"

Some imortant features of gears andgear trains are,

.' The ratio of the itch circles ofmating gears defines the seed ratio"

1'They rovides a better amount oftor


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% R Transmitter AndReceiver

This combination of transmitter andreceiver has many alications !herethey can be used like for measuring

velocity $for measuring temeratureof a body out of !hich measuringheight or controlling height defect isone" Transmitter continuouslytransmit the signal !hile receiver iscontinuously receiving the signal and

!henever the signal breaks due to anyobstruction it conveys a message thatthat corresonding iece is defectiveone"


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CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINE

"e started by ma!ing a conveyor belt which was then

accompanied by the synchronous motor and dc motor.#fter that, I$ circuit was used for the detection of defects.

#t last, a counter circuit has been used to count the no. %f

correct pieces. he whole circuit is connected to a

transformer to have the desired input from the household#C source, while synchronous motor has been connected

to a relay, which is providing it &&'( #C power supply.


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%OR&ING OF MACHINE

)irst of all, the object is placed on the conveyor belt with which

it moves in the forward direction. It continuously moves until it

comes in the path of signal which is transmitted by a I$

transmitter to receiver which gives a command with the help ofIC to stop the conveyor belt and to run the synchronous motor

to remove the object from the conveyor belt. It all happens

when the object brea!s the I$ signal which means it is a

defected one and the process which occurred after that brea!ing

of signal is the process to reject that object . if the object is the

correct one then it will not brea! the I$ signal due to which

conveyor belt will not stop and the piece will reach to its final

position where counter is already there to count the number of

correct pieces


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Ad'!nt!ge( #$ u(ng th(

)!"hne•Can be used to control various types of defect.

•*ow cost equipment.

•*ow maintenance cost.

•+asy to andle.

• -o human s!ills are needed.

•+co friendly


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FUTURE SCOPE

*oad Cells can be added to the machines in order to

detect the defects regarding weight along with the defects

in length.

ere we are detecting defects only in one direction, withthe help of I$ sensorsi.e of height/ but with the help of

ultrasonic sensors we can analyse it in all directions by

constructing a belt on which ultrasonic sensor can move in

all 0 directions.


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