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Helicopter Engine Technology
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Helicopter Engine Technology for the21st Century
Mike Epstein
GE Military PropulsionEngineering
October 7, 2010
9th Symposium On Jet Enginesand Gas Turbines
Technion, Haifa
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GE Aviation
GE Businesses a
nd Portfolio
EnergyInfrastructure
TechnologyInfrastructure
NBC UniversalConsumer &
Industrial
$37B $43B $10B$15B
CommercialCommercial
Services SystemsBusiness &
General AviationMilitary engines
& Services
$4.1B $7.1B $4.2B $2.9B $0.4B
Capital
$51B
F110 T700F136 GE38 T64F414
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GE Aviation
GE Helicopter Engine ExperienceU.S. Military
International Military
Commercial/Civil CH-53K
S-92
T64
GE38
CT58/T58
CT7/T700
50 Years/80+ Million Hours Of Experience
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GE Aviation
Military rotorcraft environment: hot, high
and harsh.
Search and rescueCargo lift Attack
SupplySpecial Ops
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GE Aviation
Helicopters and engines operating in desert are subjected to
extreme sand environments
CH-53E Landing in Desert
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GE Aviation
T64 Compressor Following Service In
Desert:
Airfoil Erosion.Degraded power and stall margin.
Engine removals after only 100
hours.
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GE Aviation
Voice of the CustomerTechnology Needs
Sand tolerant compressors and
turbines for desert operations
Higher power and higher power to
weight ratios to conduct missions
in high / hot environment
Reduced fuel burn Extend mission payload/ range.
Minimize fuel logistics footprint.
Reduce fuel costs.
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GE Aviation
Compressors with robust
geometry, materials and erosioncoatings
Sand tolerant hot sections Environmentally tolerant coatings Clean cooling air circuits designed with
CFD
Improved inlet particleseparators
Sand tolerant coatings and engine
architecture Blisk with TiN Coating
CFD Modeling of inlet particleseparator
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Erosion Coating Technology proven on T64 Engine
Extended Time on Wing 2-3X
coatednon-coated
T64 Rainbow Compressor Sand Ingestion Test at Kirtland AFB
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Physical Ng limit
Corrected speed limit
Fuel flow limit
Temperature limit
Sea Level6000 feet
12,000 feet
OAT
SHP
Engine Lapse Rate and Limiters
Engine SHP limiters limited by
Corrected speed materials/ design
Fuel flow efficiency/ system design
Turbine Temperature materials / design
Compressor Physical speed materials / design
Typical engine power lapse rate
Materials anddesign
technologyadvances allowthese limits tobe raised.
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Technologies for increased power and
improved fuel burnHigher efficiency thermodynamiccycles
Improved compressor and turbine efficienciesfrom CFD
Reduced cooling flows
Higher Pressure ratios
Higher Turbine Temperatures
Improved Materials / Processes/Designs Ceramic Matrix Composite turbine components Advanced blade cooling designs
Technology Reducing Operating Costs
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Innovations for tomorrow . . .Leaving no stone unturned
Fuel burn technologies . . .Aero, loading, component efficiency, weight
Advances in materials . . .Metallurgy, composites, ceramics
Nanotechnology . . .Unique strength, weight, fatigue properties
Alternative Fuels . . .Ensuring broad operational capability
Novel titaniumalloys
Ceramic-matrix
composites
Nano layers
Highly loadedcomponents
2015+
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13GE Aviation
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)Less weight and better performance with reduced cooling
Introducing compositesbeyond fan modules.
Benefits for highertemperature components:Turbine airfoils
Combustors.
1/3 density of metal forreduced weight
better fuel burn
CMC prototype turbine nozzle
GE Ceramic Composite Products Site. State
of Delaware, U.S.
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14GE Aviation
SFC and Power/Weight ImprovementTechnology continues to improve fuel efficiency andpower to weight ratio of turboshaft engines.
T55-714A
GE38-1B FATE Goal
AE1107C
PW150A
State-of-the-artproducttechnology
Developingtechnology
T55-714A
GE38-1B FATE Goal
AE1107C
PW150A
State-of-the-artproducttechnology
Developingtechnology
SFC versus Power to Weight
Power to Weight Ratio
SFC
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Helicopter payload and range benefitImpact of Advanced technology
Mission Radius
Pa
yload
Mission Radius
P
ayload
Helicopter with
Legacy Engine
Technology
Helicopter
retrofit with
Advanced
Technology
Engine
Improved SFCchanges slope
Improved Power increases
TOGW capability
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16GE Aviation
Continuous Technology Infusion has doubled thepower of the T700/ CT7 family
CT7-8C3,000 SHP
401701700
CT7-2A~1500 SHP
701D2,000 SHP
2X Power
CT7-82,600 SHP
FADEC
3D Aero Compressor
Hot Section DurabilityImprovements
Hot Section
Hot Section 3-Stg PT
401C701C
1,900 SHP
ITEP
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GE38-1B Applying the Technology
7500 SHP Class - Builds on T700 architecture
GE38 Versus T64 :
18% Improved SFC
57% More power
63% Fewer Parts
Engine mounted FADEC with
Prognostics & HealthManagement (PHM)
Sand tolerant andCorrosion ResistantMaterials
Top mounted accessories
Rugged Compressor witherosion coating
Modern turbineaerodynamics,materials and cooling
schemes
Simple, robust, long-life configuration
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GE38 Video
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19GE Aviation
Advanced technology programs.
AATEAdvanced Affordable Turbine Engine (US Army)
Program goal 25% specificfuel consumption; maintain T700weight; 65% power; and 35%acquisition and operational &
support.Detailed design reviewcompleted May 09 programsruns through Jan 12.
Engine Upgrade for Black Hawkand Apaches & Future Aircraft
Advanced cooling. Advanced Aero. IPS.
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Advanced technology programs.
ADVENTAdaptive Versatile Engine Technology (USAF)
Phase I: Detailed design of fan rig,
core and engine technology
demonstrators (9/09)
Phase II: Procure, assemble andtest fan rig and core engine. Full
engine demonstrator in planning.
Contract runs through 9/2013.
Position for Next Gen Air Vehicles.
Advanced cycle. CMCs. Advanced cooling.
Advanced Aero.
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Development programs
F136Joint Strike Fighter
Up to 5,000 aircraft potential.
Demonstrated successful engineoperation and obtained criticalvalidation data.
Test focus in 2010 6 engines,
approximately 1,000 hours. Currenttesting aligned to support CTOLfirst flight in 2011.
CMCs Advanced cooling. Advanced Aero. Controls
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Alternative FuelsEconomic, Strategic, Environmental
Source: The Oil Drum. Sam Foucher blog.
GOM oil spillmore regulation,slower growth, more costly oil.
Oil spot market pricescalm fornow.
- Last 18 months, flat and expensive.
- Tied to economic outlook.
Biofuelsmilitary and commercial
approval moving towards completion.
Biofuelsviable YESscalable?
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Summary
GE driving technology tomeet customer needs
GE is developing andleveraging technologiesto greatly improve
rotorcraft missioncapability High Hot operation
Harsh Environments
GE Technology reducescost of ownership
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