Genesa Dan Tipe Pengedapan Batubara

8/18/2019 Genesa Dan Tipe Pengedapan Batubara

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TUGAS GENESA DAN EKSPLORASI BATUBARA

GENESA DAN TIPE PENGENDAPAN BATUARA

OLEH

M. REZKY AGUNG SETIAWAN

09320130120

C3

JURUSAN TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI

UNIVERSITAS MUSLIM INDONESIA

MAKASSAR

2016


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A. GENESA PEMBENTUKAN BATUBARA

Batubara !ru"a#a$ %uatu &!$'% '$!ra( )a$* t!r%u%u$ ata% #arb+$, -'r+*!$,

+#%'*!$, $'tr+*!$, %u(/ur, a$ %!$)aa %!$)aa '$!ra( K!$t.A.,19934. Batubara

'*u$a#a$ %!ba*a' %ub!r !$!r*' a(t!r$at'/ u$tu# !$*-a%'(#a$ ('%tr'#. Batubara

aa(a- ba-a$ ba#ar -'r+#arb+$ "aat )a$* t!rb!$tu# ar' tubu-a$ a(a

('$*#u$*a$ b!ba% +#%'*!$ )a$* '"!$*aru- +(!- "a$a% a$ t!#a$a$ )a$* b!r(a$*%u$*

(aa ' a(a !$*a$ #+"+%'%' )a$* #+"(!#. 5r+%!% "!b!$tu#a$ batubara a"at

!(a(u' "r+%!% %!'!$ta%' a$ %#a(a a#tu *!+(+*'. 5aa "r+%!% %!'!$ta%',

batubara t!rb!$tu# ar' at!r'a( tubu-tubu-a$, )a$* t!r!$a"#a$ ' a(a %uatu

6!#u$*a$ "aa #+$'%' t!rt!$tu a$ !$*a(a' #+"a#%' %!rta tra$%/+ra%' ba'#

%!6ara /'%'#, #''a a$ b'+#''a. 5aa %aat "!$*!$a"a$, aa($)a at!r'a( '$' %!(a(u

!b!$tu# (a"'%a$(a"'%a$ )a$* -+r'7+$ta( "aa 6!#u$*a$ bu'. 5r+%!%

%!'!$ta%', #+"a#%', tra$%/+ra%' )a$* 'a(a' +(!- at!r'a( a%ar "!b!$tu#

%!'!$ !$&a' batua$ %!'!$ b!r&a(a$ %!(aa &utaa$ ta-u$. U$tu# a"at

!a-a' (aa$)a #'%ara$ a#tu ar' "!b!$tu#a$ batua$ %!'!$ t!r%!but, a#a

'#!$a( %#a(a a#tu )a$* '%!but %#a(a a#tu *!+(+*'.

Batubara t!rb!$tu# ar' ta$aa$ )a$* t!(a- t!rt'bu$ ' a(a ta$a- a$

t!r&a*a "aa t!#a$a$ )a$* t'$**' a$ "!a$a%a$ a(a &a$*#a a#tu )a$* (aa.

Ta$aa$ !$*a$u$* #a$u$*a$ %!(u(+%a )a$* t'$**'. S!t!(a- ta$aa$ a$

"!"+-+$a$ t!r%!but t!rt'bu$ a(a &a$*#a a#tu t!rt!$tu ' a(a ta$a- a#a$

t!r&a' "!ruba-a$ #''a )a$* !r!$a-#a$ #aar +#%'*!$ a$ -'r+*!$ ar' +(!#u(

%!(u(+%a t!r%!but Zua-(,19984. 5ara "a#ar *!+(+*'% !)a#'$' ba-a "r+%!%

"!$*!$a"a$ batubara ' a(a ta$a- t!rb!$tu# %!#'tar 20300 &uta ta-u$ )a$* (a(u,

#!t'#a %!ba*'a$ b!%ar bu' a%'- '(a"'%' +(!- -uta$ a$ "!"+-+$a$ )a$* (!bat.

5+-+$ a$ ta$aa$ t!r%!but a#a$ !$*a(a' "r+%!% r!*!$!ra%' 'a$a ba*'a$ ar'ta$aa$ )a$* b!r*u*ura$ a#a$ t!rt'bu$ a(a (a"'%a$ ta$a-, a$ "r+%!% '$' a#a$

!$*a#'bat#a$ "!$uru$a$ #aar +#%'*!$ a$ -'r+*!$ %!6ara b!rta-a" "aa +(!#u(

%!(u(+%a t!r%!but. S!(aa !*raa%' ar' ta$aa$ )a$* t!(a- at', !#+"+%'%' ar'

"r+t!'$, "at', a$ %!(u(+%a (!b'- 6!"at ar'"aa ar' ba-a$ #a)u. 5aa b!rba*a'

t'$*#at, a$ !$*a$ b!rba*a' #+$'%' '#(' )a$* b!rb!a, #+$%t'tu!$ ar' ta$aa$

a#a$ t!r!#+"+%'%' a(a #+$'%' a!r+b !b!$tu# #arb+$ '+#%'a, a'r, a$

a+$'a. 5r+%!% '$' '%!but :-u'/'#a%'; a$ a#a$ !b!$tu# *abut. Gabut '$'

#!u'a$ t!rtutu" +(!- (a"'%a$ %!'!$, ta$"a aa$)a uara, a$ #ar!$a$)a ta-a"


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#!ua ar' "r+%!% "!b!$tu#a$ batubara t!r&a' a(a #+$'%' a$a!r+b. 5aa ta-a"

#!ua, "r+%!% *abu$*a$ a$tara t!"!ratur, t!#a$a$, a$ a#tu a#a$ !$*uba-

(a"'%a$ *abut !$&a' brown coal ( ('*$'t4, a$ #!u'a$ sub-bituminus, a$

#!u'a$ !b!$tu# antrasit. !$'%&!$'% batubara '$' uu$)a '%!but !$*a$

batubara -'ta black coals).

Ta-a"a$ a$ 5r+%!% 5!b!$tu#a$ Batubara a"at '*+(+$*#a$ !$&a' ua

#!&a'a$, )a'tu "!rtaa ta-a"


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t!r&a' ' a(a bu', %!"!rt' aa$)a "!ruba-a$ t!#a$a$ a$ t!"!ratur, %tru#tur,

'$tru%' a$ (a'$ %!ba*a'$)a. C!#u$*a$ atau a%ar raa t!"at t!ra"at$)a (a"'%a$

*abut, )a$* t!ru% !$uru$, 'ta$a' !$*a$ t'bu$a$ %!'!$ !$*a$ #!t!ba(a$

-'$**a r'bua$ !t!r, !$*a#'bat#a$ b!rtaba-$)a t!#a$a$ 54 a$ %u-u T4 )a$*

6u#u" t'$**', -'$**a %!ba*'a$ %!$)aa a$ u$%ur H2O, O2, CO2, H2, CH, ((.4

a#a$ b!r#ura$* a$ -'(a$*. >'(a'$ "'-a#, a#'bat b!r#ura$*$)a #a$u$*a$ 7a7at ta'

a#a$ !$aba- "r+%!$ta%! u$%ur C 6arb+$4 )a$* t!r#a$u$* a(a batubara.

S!a#'$ t'$**' #a$u$*a$ C a(a batubara, a#a ta-a" "!batubaraa$

6+a('/'#a%'4 %!a#'$ ba'#, 'ta$a' !$*a$ #!$a'#a$ #!(a% ra$#4 batubara. >ar'

u$%ur! C '$'(a- #a(+r' batubara '-'tu$*. S!a#'$ t'$**' "r+%!$ta%! C a(a

batubara, a#a $'(a' #a(+r'$)a %!a#'$ t'$**'. 5!$'$*#ata$ #!(a% ra$#4 batubara

a"at &u*a t!r&a' a#'bat aa$)a '$tru%' a*a atau -'r+t!ra(. La"'%a$ *abut

atau batubara )a$* t!r#!$a '$tru%' -'$**a ra'u% t!rt!$tu a#a$ !$a"at 5 a$ T

)a$* (!b'- t'$**' 'ba$'$* *abut a$ batubara ' t!"at (a'$, %!-'$**a #!(a%

batubara$)a a#a$ $a'#.

Gabar 1. Ta-a"a$ a$ 5r+%!% 5!b!$tu#a$ Batubara

Aa"u$ r!a#%' "!b!tu#a$ batubara aa(a- %!ba*a' b!r'#ut

CH10O4 D C20H22O 3CH FH2O CO2 CO

C!((u(+%a D L'*$'t *a% !ta$

CH10O4 D C20H22O 3CH FH2O CO2 CO


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C!((u(+%a D b'tu'$! *a% !ta$

S!6ara (!b'- r'$6', "r+%!% "!b!$tu#a$ batu bara a"at '&!(a%#a$ %!ba*a'

b!r'#ut

1. 5!bu%u#a$, ba*'a$ba*'a$ tubu-a$ )a$* (u$a# a#a$ 'ura'#a$ +(!- ba#t!r'

a$a!r+b.

2. 5!$*!$a"a$, tubu-a$ )a$* t!(a- !$*a(a' "r+%!% "!bu%u#a$ %!(a$&ut$)a

a#a$ !$*a(a' "!$*!$a"a$, b'a%a$)a ' ('$*#u$*a$ )a$* b!ra'r. A#uu(a%'

ar' !$a"a$ '$' !$*a$ !$a"a$!$a"a$ %!b!(u$)a a#-'r$)a a#a$ !b!$tu#

(a"'%a$ *abut.

3. >!#+"+%'%', (a"'%a$ *abut a#a$ !$*a(a' "!ruba-a$ !(a(u' "r+%!% b'+#''a

a$ !$*a#'bat#a$ #!(uar$)a a'r a$ %!ba*'a$ -'(a$*$)a %!ba*'a$ u$%ur #arb+$

a(a b!$tu# #arb+$'+#%'a, #arb+$+$+#%'a, a$ !ta$a. S!6ara r!(at'/, u$%ur

#arb+$ a#a$ b!rtaba- !$*a$ aa$)a "!(!"a%a$ u$%ur atau %!$)aa t!r%!but.

. G!+t!#t+$'#, (a"'%a$ *abut a#a$ !$*a(a' #+"a#%' a#'bat aa$)a *a)a

t!#t+$'# a$ #!u'a$ a#a$ !$*a(a' "!r('"ata$ a$ "ata-a$. Batubara (+

*ra! a"at b!ruba- !$&a' batubara -'*- *ra! a"ab'(a *a)a t!#t+$'# )a$*

t!r&a' aa(a- *a)a t!#t+$'# a#t'/, #ar!$a *a)a t!#t+$'# a#t'/ a"at !$)!bab#a$

t!r&a'$)a '$tru%' atau #!(uar$)a a*a. S!(a'$ 'tu, ('$*#u$*a$ "!b!$tu#a$

batubara )a$* b!ra'r &u*a a"at b!ruba- !$&a' ar!a arat !$*a$ aa$)a *a)a

t!#t+$'# %!tt'$* t!rt!$tu.

. Er+%', !ru"a#a$ "r+%!% "!$*'#'%a$ "aa "!ru#aa$ batubara )a$* t!(a-

!$*a(a' "r+%!% *!+t!#t+$'#. 5!ru#aa$ )a$* t!(a- t!r#!(u"a% a#'bat !r+%'

'$'(a- )a$* -'$**a %aat '$' '!#%"(+'ta%' a$u%'a.

B!ra%ar#a$ t'$*#at "r+%!% "!b!$tu#a$$)a )a$* '#+$tr+( +(!- t!#a$a$,

"a$a% a$ a#tu, batubara uu$)a 'ba*' a(a ('a #!(a% a$tra%'t, b'tu'$u%,

%ubb'tu'$u%, ('*$'t a$ *abut.

1. A$tra%'t aa(a- #!(a% batubara t!rt'$**', !$*a$ ar$a -'ta b!r#'(aua$ (u%t!r4

!ta('#, !$*a$u$* a$tara F ? 9F u$%ur #arb+$ C4 !$*a$ #aar a'r

#ura$* ar' F.

2. B'tu'$u% !$*a$u$* F ? F u$%ur #arb+$ C4 a$ b!r#aar a'r F10 ar'

b!rat$)a. K!(a% batubara )a$* "a('$* ba$)a# 'taba$* ' Au%tra('a.


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3. Subb'tu'$u% !$*a$u$* %!'#'t #arb+$ a$ ba$)a# a'r, a$ +(!- #ar!$a$)a

!$&a' %ub!r "a$a% )a$* #ura$* !/'%'!$ 'ba$'$*#a$ !$*a$ b'tu'$u%.

. L'*$'t atau batubara 6+#(at aa(a- batubara )a$* %a$*at (u$a# )a$* !$*a$u$*

a'r 38 ar' b!rat$)a.

. Gabut, b!r"+r' a$ !'('#' #aar a'r ' ata% 8 %!rta $'(a' #a(+r' )a$* "a('$*

r!$a-.

=a#t+r=a#t+r a(a "!b!$tu#a$ batubara %a$*at b!r"!$*aru- t!r-aa"

b!$tu# au"u$ #ua('ta% ar' (a"'%a$ batubara. B!b!ra"a /a#t+r )a$* b!r"!$*aru-

a(a "!b!$tu#a$ batubara aa(a-

1. Mat!r'a( a%ar

2. 5r+%!% !#+"+%'%'

3. Uur *!+(+*'

. 5+%'%' *!+t!#t+$'#

. L'$*#u$*a$ "!$*!$a"a$

. Stru#tur C!#u$*a$ Batubara

8. T+"+*ra/' a$ +r/+(+*'

F. I#('

B. TIPE PENGENDAPAN BATUBARA

>'t'$&au ar' !#a$'%! atau t'"! "!$*!$a"a$ ba-a$ba-a$ "!b!$tu#

batubara au"u$ "!$*!$a"a$ batubara, a"at '*+(+$*#a$ !$&a' ua #!(+"+#,

)a'tu batubara )a$* t!rb!$tu# %!6ara '$%'tu atau aut+6-t-+$+u% a$ )a$* t!rb!$tu#

%!6ara r'/t atau a((+6-t-+$+u%.

1. Batubara &!$'% '$%'tu atau aut+6-t-+$+u% )a'tu batubara )a$* t!r&a' ar'

%!'!$ta%' *abut 'a$a raa *abut t!r%!but b!raa. a' batubara b!$ar

b!$ar b!ra%a( ar' raa *abut t!"at tubu- a$ b!r#!ba$*$)a ta$aa$ raa

t!r%!but, )a$* #!u'a$ +(!- "r+%!%"r+%!% b'+#''a, *!+#''a a$ *!+t!#t+$'#,

batubara t!rb!$tu#. Ba-a$ba-a$ "!b!$tu# (a"'%a$ batubara t!rb!$tu# 't!"at

'a$a tubu-tubu-a$ a%a( 'tu b!raa. >!$*a$ !'#'a$ %!t!(a- tubu-a$

at', b!(u !$*a(a' "r+%!% tra$%"+rta%' %!*!ra t!rtutu" +(!- (a"'%a$ %!'!$

a$ !$*a(a' "r+%!% 6+a('/'6at'+$. C'r'6'r'$)a )a'tu a$tara (a'$ "!$)!bara$ (ua%

a$ !rata %!rta #ua('ta% (!b'- ba'#.


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2. Batubara &!$'% r'/t atau a((+6-t-+$+u% aa(a- (a"'%a$ batubara )a$* t!rb!$tu# ar'

-a%'( "!(a"u#a$, !r+%', tra$%"+rta%' a$ a#-'r$)a %!'!$ta%' #!ba(' ar' (a"'%a$

batubara )a$* %ua- t!rb!$tu# %!b!(u$)a. Suatu %!a batubara )a$* t!r%'$*#a"

!J"+%!4 #!u$*#'$a$ a"at (a"u# "!6a-"!6a-


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Genesa Dan Tipe Pengedapan Batubara