Giao Trinh Autocad 3D

Trung tm o to v pht trin phn mm tin hc tri thc 172 Nguyn Ch Thanh- Tel/ Fax :7751372

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Gio trnh AutoCad 3D Bi1 :

im nhn, h trc ta trong 3D Cao ca hnh v 2D

A.Thay i gc nhn : 1.Lnh Vpoint : command :- VP enter -Tm : phng nhn t trn Thng gc vi mt phng XY -ng bin vng trn nh : phng nhn song song vi mt phng XY -ntg bin vng trn ln : ging tm nhng nhn t di. -Ta 1 s im nhn c bit : Hnh chiu ng :0,-1,0 Hnh chiu bng :0,0,1 Hnh chiu cnh :-1,0,0 2.Lnh ddvpoint : xc nh gc nhn (View/ 3D viewpoint/ select ) command : VP enter

-Absolute to WCS : xc nh gc theo h ta WCS -Relative to UCS : xc nh gc theo h ta UCS -X axis : gc gia trc X v phng nhn -XY plane : gc gia mt phng XY v phng nhn. -Set to plane view : tr v tm nhn bng i vi mt phng XY -Mt s gc nhn c bit : Hnh chiu ng : X axis:270 XY plane: 0 Hnh chiu bng : X axis:270 XY plane:90 Hnh chiu cnh : X axis:180 XY plane: 0

B.H trc ta trong v 3D :lnh UCS Tools/ UCS command :UCS enter

y

x

Phm vi vng nhn t di

Phm vi nhn t trn



Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/ZPrev/Restore/Save/Del/?/ : -Origin :di gc ta origin point : -3point : xc nh h ta theo 3 im Origin point: gc h ta Point on pitive portion of the X- axis : im xc nh trc X Point on positive -Y portion of the UCS XY plane < > :im xc nh chiu dng trc Y -X : quay h ta quanh trc X -Y/Z : quay h trc ta theo trc Y hoc Z -ZAxis : xc nh h ta theo trc Z Origin point : gc h ta Point on positive portion of Z-axis : xc nh trc Z -OBject : xc nh h ta theo 1 i tng c sn- chn gc h ta , chn phng chiu trc X -View : mt phng XY ca h ta thng gc vi phng nhn ( tm nhn hin hnh tr thnh tm nhn bng) -Prev : tr li h ta trc -Save : lu h ta hin hnh -Restore :tr li h ta b c t tn -Del : xo h ta b c lu -World : tr v h ta WCS C.To hnh 3D t hnh 2 chiu : 1.Lnh Chprop : thay i dy hnh 2 chiu Modify/ properties command : CH enter - Change what property ( Color/ LAyer/LType/Thickness) :enter -Select object : chn i tng, phi chut kt thc lnh chn -New thickness : dy - Change what property ( Color/ LAyer/LType/Thickness) :enter 2.Bin h thng Thickness : xc lp dy cho hnh 2 chiu cho tt c hnh hai chiu c v sau ny Format/ thickness command :thickness -New value for THICKNESS : dy 3.Lnh Boundary :che mt 2 D Draw/ boundary command : BO enter Hp hi thoi Boundary creation Object type :region Make new boundary /set : chpn i tng to mt Pick Point : chn mt che 4.Lnh render : xut nh t bng Command : render



Bi 2:

To hnh t khi c bn, nhp ta im trong v 3D

A.To hnh t khi c bn : cc khi rng Draw/Surfaces/ 3D surfaces Command : 3D Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge: 1. 3D box : hnh hp Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:B enter -Coner of box : gc ca y hnh ch nht -Length : chiu di ( trc X) -Cube/ < with> : chiu rng (trc Y) Cube : hnh lp phng - khi vung -Hight : chiu cao (trc Z) -Rotation angle about Z axis : gc quay quanh trc Z 2.Cone : hnh chp hay lng tr( Ch c nnh mt chung quanh, rng 2 mt trn hoc di) Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:C enter -Base center point : tm -Diameter/ of base : bn knh ng trn ngoi tip ca mt di ( y)

-Diameter/ of top : bn knh ng trn ngoi tip ca mt trn ( nh-Nu R=0 : hnh chp) -Height : chiu cao -Number of segment < 16 > : s cnh ca hnh lng tr

3.Dish : hnh vm ( bt nga- na hnh cu ) Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:DI enter

-Center of dish: tm -Diameter/: bn knh ( D: ng knh) -Number of longitudinal segments : s mt ng -Number of latitudinal segments : s mt nm ngang

4.Dome : hnh vm ( bt p ) Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:DO enter

-Center of dome: tm -Diameter/: bn knh ( D: ng knh) -Number of longitudinal segments : s mt ng -Number of latitudinal segments : s mt nm ngang



5.Mesh : v mt thm trong khng gian ch c 4 nh Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:M enter

- Fist corner : nh 1 - Second corner : nh 2 - Third corner : nh 3 - Fourth corner : nh 4 - Mesh M size :s ng trn on 41 - Mesh N size : s ng trn on 12

6.Pyramid : hnh thp, y l t gic hay tam gic Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:P enter

First base point: dim 1 Second base point: im 2 Third base point: im 3 Tetrahedron/: im 4

Hnh chp : Ridge/Top/: nh ca hnh chp

Hnh chp ct : Ridge/Top/: t enter

First top point: _im 5 Second top point: im 6 Third top point: im 7 Fourth top point: im 8

Hnh lng tr : Ridge/Top/: r enter

First ridge point: im 5 Second ridge point: im 6

7.Sphere : hnh cu

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3 2

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4 5

6 7

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Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:S enter

-Center of sphere : tm -Diameter/: bn knh ( D: ng knh) -Number of longitudinal segments : s mt ng -Number of latitudinal segments : s mt nm ngang

8.Torus : vng xuyn Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:T enter

-Center of torus:tm hnh xuyn -Diameter/ of torus: bn knh hnh vng xuyn -Diameter/ of tube: bn knh mt ct -Segments around tube circumference :s mt ct -Segments around torus circumference :s ng sinh

9.Wedge : hnh nm Command: 3D enter Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge:W enter Corner of wedge: gc hnh nm ( Im 1) Length: chiu di hnh nm (trc X) Width: chiu rng ( trc Y) Height: chiu cao ( trc Z) Rotation angle about Z axis: gc xoay quanh trc Z B.Cch nhp ta im trong AutoCad 3D : .xy : c cng ta im xy vi 1 im cho trc .xz : c cng ta im xz vi 1 im cho trc .yz :c cng ta im yz vi 1 im cho trc Cch nhp : .xy of : truy bt im cho trc need Z : ta trc Z

1



Bi 3 :

Lnh v mt trong khng gian 3D A.Mt phng 3D ( 3D Face) : Lnh 3D face to ra cc mt 3D c 3 hoc 4 cnh, mi mt c to ra l 1 i tng n, khng th dng lnh explode ph v i tng ny. Draw/ Surfaces / 3D face command : 3dface enter First point:chn im th nht P1 ca mt phng

Second point: chn im th hai P2 ca mt phng Third point: chn im th ba P3 ca mt phng Fourth point: chn im th t P4 ca mt phng( hoc nhn enter to tam gic) Third point: : chn im th ba P5 ca mt phng k tip (hoc nhn enter kt thc ) Fourth point: chn im th t P6 ca mt phng k tip (hoc nhn enter kt thc)

Che khut hoc hin cc cnh ca 3D face : lnh edge

Draw/ surfaces/ edge Command : edge Display/: Cc la chn : Select edge : chn cnh cn che, dng nhc s xut hin lin tc cho php chn nhiu cnh khc nhau. Nhn enter kt thc lnh. Display : lm hin cc cnh c che khut Display/:d enter

Select/: chn tng i tng , nhn enter kt thc lnh.

B. Cc lnh to mt li : 1.Lnh Edgesurf : dng tm thm bay To mt li t 4 cnh c cc nh trng nhau. Draw/ surfaces/ edge surface Command : edgesurf

Select edge 1:chn cnh 1 xc nh chiu M ca li Select edge 2: chn cnh 2 xc nh chiu N ca li Select edge 3:chn cnh 3 Select edge 4:chn cnh 4

P1

P2

P4 P5

P8

P7

P6 P3



Nu cc cnh khng c nh trng nhau s xut hin dng nhc: Edge X does not touch another edge ( cnh X khng chm cnh khc)

2.Lnh revsurf : mt trn xoay To mt trn xoay bng cch xoay 1 i tng 2D (ng cong to mt path curve) xung quanh 1 trc . Draw/surfaces/revolved surface command : revsurf enter Select path curve : chn ng cong to mt trn xoay. Select axis of revolution : chn trc quay Start angle : v tr bt u trc xoay Included angle ( +=CCW,-=CW) < fullcircle> : gc xoay Ch : nu trc xoay khng phi l ng line hoc pline xut hin dng nhc :

Entity not usable as rotation axis : i tng khng thch hp lm trc xoay. 3.Lnh rulesurf : mt k Lnh ny to mt k t 2 ng bin c chn, mt ny c mt k l cc ng thng, s ng k nh bi bin surftab1

Draw/ surfaces/ruled surface command :rulesurf enter Select first defining curve : chn ng bin 1

Select second defining curve : chn ng bin 2 4.Lnh tabsurf : mt tr To ra mt li theo hnh dng ng chun (path curve ) dc theo vector nh hng ( direction vector) .Mt li ( s ng sinh ) xc nh bng bin surftab1 Draw/ surfaces/tabulated surface command : tabsurf enter Select path curve : chn ng chun nh dng mt tr Select direction vector : chn vector nh hng 5.Bin surftab1, surftab2 : cc ng sinh ( hay ng k mt ) lm mt li trn nhn. Nu dng lnh explode ph v li th s to ra nhng mt tam gic hoc t gic.



Bi 4 :

Khi rn, cc cch cng tr khi rn

I.To vt th c : A) Lnh to vt th c s cp : Draw/ Sollids/... 1.Box : hnh hp

Command : box enter -Center/ < corner of box> ta 1 nh hnh ch nht ( center : tm hnh ch nht ) -Cube/ Length/ < other corner> : ta nh i din Cube : khi vung Length : chiu di chiu rng hnh ch nht -Height : chiu cao hnh hp

2.Wedge : hnh nm Command : Wedge enter -Center/ < corner of box> ta 1 nh hnh ch nht ( center : tm hnh ch nht ) -Cube/ Length/ < other corner> : ta nh i din Cube : 2 mt l hnh vung Length : chiu di chiu rng hnh ch nht -Height : chiu cao hnh nm

3.Cone : hnh nn Command : cone enter -Elliptical/ < center point> : tm ca y trn Elliptical : y l hnh ellipse -Diameter/< Radius> bn knh y trn -Apex/< height> : chiu cao Apex : ta nh hnh nn

4.Cylinder : hnh tr Command : cylinder enter -Elliptical/ < center point> : tm ca y trn Elliptical : y l hnh ellipse -Diameter/< Radius> bn knh y trn -Center of other end/< height> : chiu cao Center of other end : ta tm y trn trn

5.Sphere : hnh cu Command : sphere enter - Center of sphere : tm



-Diameter/ : bn knh 6.Torus : hnh vng xuyn

Command : torus enter - Center of sphere : tm

-Diameter/of torus : bn knh chnh ( c th m) -Diameter/of tube : bn knh ng ( nu bn knh chnh m th bn knh ng phi ln hn bn knh chnh - hnh bu dc)

B.To vt th c t hnh 2 chiu : Yu cu: hnh 2 chiu phi l a tuyn khp kn, cc cnh ca a ruyn khng c

t ct nhau Nu khng phi l a tuyn khp kn th dng lnh pedit chuyn i Command : pe enter

Select polyline: chn 1 i tng Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo/eXit : j enter

Select objects : chn i tng tip theo.Phi chut kt thc lnh 1.Lnh extrude :to b mt cho hnh 2 chiu Draw/Solids/Extrude Command :ext enter

Select objects:chn mt 2D Path/: chiu cao Extrusion taper angle : gc tp ( dng th tp, m th loe) Path : chay theo ng dn Select path : chn ng dn

2.Lnh revolve : hnh trn xoay Draw/Solids/Extrude Command :rev enter

Select objects:chn mt 2D Axis of revolution - Object/X/Y/: chn im th nht trn trc xoay : chn im th hai trn trc xoay Angle of revolution :gc m ( xc nh bi chiu qui nh bi 2 im trc xoay)

C.iu khin s th hin vt th c : 1.Bin h thng isolines : thay i s ng th hin b mt cong khi khng b che khut Command : isolines enter New value for isolines : 2.Bin h thng Facetres : thay i s mt tam gic th hin mt cong khi che nt khut Command : Facetres enter New value for Facetres : 3.Bin h thng dispsilh :khi bin ny =1 th nhng tam gic c loi b khi che nt khut Command : dispsilh enter New value for dispsilh :1



II.Cc php ton trn vt th c: 1. Lnh UNION (Draw\Solid\Union): Php hp

- Select objects: chn vt th 1 - Select objects: chn vt th 2 - Select objects: (enter) Vt th c to thnh l vt th phc hp (composite) thuc lp ca vt th 1

2. Lnh SUSTRACT (Draw\ solid\ Subtract): Php hiu Sourse objects..

- Select objects: chn cc vt th b tr -1 (c th chn nhiu i tng-enter kt thc) Select solids and region to subtract...

- Select objects: chn cc vt th tr -2 (c th chn nhiu i tng-enter kt thc)

3. Lnh INTERSECT (Draw\ solid\ Intersection): php giao Select objects: chn vt th 1 v 2

4. Lnh INTERFERE (Draw\solid\ Interference): to thm phn giao gia hai vt th INTERFERE - Select the first set of - solids: chn vt th 1 - Select objects: 1 found - Select objects: (enter) - Select the second set of solids: chn vt th 2 - Select objects: (enter)

Create interference solicds ? : Y (enter)



Bi 5:

Hiu chnh vt th c A.Hiu chnh vt th c 1.Lnh fillet : lm trn cnh Modify/ Fillet Command: f enter

(TRIM mode) Current fillet radius = 0 Polyline/Radius/Trim/:chn cnh Enter radius : bn knh gc bo trn Chain/Radius/:chn cnh tip hoc nhn enter Edge has already been picked. 1 edges selected for fillet.

2.Lnh Chamfer : vt cnh Modify/chamfer Command: cha (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 10.0000, Dist2 = 10.0000 Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/:chn cnh 1 Select base surface: Next/: N nu mt chn khng ng Next/: enter Enter base surface distance : kch thc m Enter other surface distance : kch thc n Loop/:chn cnh trn mt c chn

Loop/:L enter ( vt gc tt c cc cnh ca mt chn)

3.Lnh Slice :ct vt th Draw/sollids/ slice command :sl enter -select object : chn vt th Slicing plane by Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/ : chn 3 im mt phng ct i qua. Cc la chn khc : XY,YZ,ZX : mt phng ct song song vi mt phng XY,YZ,ZX Point on XY plane :im m mt ct i qua

Z axis : xc nh 2 im- mt phng ct s i qua im th nht v thng gc vi ng thng qua 2 im trn View : mt phng ct song song vi im nhn Point on view plane :im mt phng ct i qua

1

Mt c chn

m

n



Both sides/:chn phn mun gi li Both :gi li c 2 phn 4.Bung vt th c : Khi dng lnh explode i vi vt th c, ta thu c min region v thn body . nu dng lnh ny 1 ln na , min v thn tr thnh cc on thng v cc on cong .Lnh explode khng c tc dng tch cc vt th phc hp thnh cc vt th s cp ban u. 5.Lnh section : hnh ct Draw/ solids/selection Command: sec enter Select objects: chn vt th Section plane by Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/:tng t lnh slice B.Cc lnh hiu chnh trong khng gian 1.Lnh mirror 3D : to hnh i xng qua 1 mt phng bt k Modify/ 3D operation /Mirror 3D :

Select object : chn i tng Plane by Object/Last/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/ : xc nh 3 im mt phng i xng i qua

Cc la chn : Object : mt i xng c xc nh bi 1i tng chiu Last : mt i xng c xc nh bi lnh mirror3D trc

Zaxis : xc nh trc Z bng 2 im , mt phng i xng i qua im th nht v thng gc vi on thng 12 View : mt i xng thng gc vi phng nhn ca ca s hin hnh v i qua im c xc nh bi dng nhc :

Point on view plan : XY : mt i xng song song vi mt phng XY v i qua im c xc nh bi dng nhc :

Point on view plan : YZ,ZX : tng t XY 2.Lnh rotate3D : quay i tng quanh trc bt k Modify/ 3D operation /: rotate3D

Select object : chn i tng Plane by Object/Last/Zaxis/View/ Xaxis/ Yaxis/ Zaxis/ 2points> : xc nh 2 im trc quay

Cc la chn : Object : trc quay c xc nh bi 1i tng chiu Last : trc quay c xc nh bi lnh rotate3D trc

View : trc quay song song vi phng nhn ca ca s hin hnh v i qua im c xc nh bi dng nhc :

Point on view direction axis : Xaxis : trc quay song song vi trc X v i qua im c xc nh bi dng nhc :



Point on Xaxis : Yaxis,Zaxis : tng t Xaxis 3.Lnh align : quay i tng theo mt i tng khc Modify/ 3D operation/align command :al enter

Select objects: chn i tng Specify 1st source point:chn im ngun th nht Specify 1st destination point: chn im ch th nht Specify 2nd source point: chn im ngun th hai Specify 2nd destination point: chn im ch th hai Specify 3rd source point or : chn im ngun th ba Specify 3rd destination point or : chn im ch th ba

4.Lnh 3Darray : to mng cc i tng trong khng gian Modify/ 3D operation/ 3Darray Command: 3darray Select objects: chn i tng

Kiu hnh hp : Rectangular or Polar array (R/P): r enter Number of rows (---) : s hng Number of columns (|||) : s ct Number of levels (...) : s tng Distance between rows (---): khong cch hng Distance between columns (|||): khong cch ct Distance between levels (...): khong cch tng

Kiu vng trn : Rectangular or Polar array (R/P): r enter

Number of items: s i tng Angle to fill :gc xoay Rotate objects as they are copied? :quay i tng Center point of array:xc nh dim th nht ca trc xoay Second point on axis of rotation: xc nh dim th hai ca trc xoay



Bi 6:

Ngun sng trong v 3D

A.Ngun sng : Lnh light : View/Render/ Light... 1.To ngun sng : *New :to ngun sng mi -Light: danh sch ngun sng -Cc kiu ngun sng : Point light : ngun sng ta Spot light : ngun sng chiu theo phm vi Distant light : ngun sng xa( nh sng mt

tri) -Mc chung cho cc kiu ri sng : Intesity : iu chnh cng sng Selest custom color : thay i mu sc ngun sng C th thay i v tr, quay , sao chp 1 ngun sng bng lnh move, copy, rotate 2.Hp hi thoi ngun sng point light : -Light name :tn ngun sng -Intensity :cng sng -Modify :xc nh v tr ngun sng Enter light location :v tr ngun sng 3.Hp hi thoi ngun sng spot light : tng t ngun sng point light -Khc bit : Hotspot : vng sng Falloff : vng sng m -Modify : Enter light target :v tr mc tiu

Enter light location :v tr ngun sng 4.Hp hi thoi ngun sng distant light : tng t ngun sng point light -Modify :



Enter light direction TO :v tr mc tiu Enter light direction FROM :v tr ngun sng

-Nt sun angle calculator : nh sng mt tri- Xut hin hp hi thoi Date : ngy Clock time : gi -xc nh theo kiu gi trong hp thoi bn di Nt geographic location : chn vng trn bn th gii. B.a ngun sng vo t bng : 1.Lu tm nhn : dng lnh View lu tm nhn 2.Phi hp cnh v ngun sng : lnh Scene View/Render/Scene

-Chn new ri t tn trong mc scene name -Chn tn tm nhn trong ca s View ( current : hin hnh) -Chn tn ngun sng tng ng vi tm nhn ny ( all: chn tt c ngun sng) -Chn OK

3.Render : -Trong ca s scene to render chn kiu scene mun render -Nhn render



Bi 7:

T bng i tng 3D A.Lnh Rmat : chn v gn vt liu ln cc i tng View/Render/Material Command: rmat enter Vt liu mc nh l global. Modify : sa i tnh cht ca vt liu New : to vt liu mi Duplicate :to vt liu mi t vt liu c sn Hp : standard :cc kiu cht liu Select : chn 1 cht liu c sn Gn cht liu cho i tng -Attach : chn i tng mun gn cht liu -By ACI : chn i tng theo mu -By layer : gn theo lp Nt Material Library : th vin cc cht liu c sn

Preview : xem trc cht liu Meterial list : danh sch cht liu Library list : kiu cht liu Import : chn vt liu Export : b xung cht liu vo th vin

To cht liu mi : New xut hin hp hi thoi ( dng chung cho Modify v duplicate)



Ambient : thay i cng nh sng mi trng Reflection : thay i cng sng phn x Roughness : thay i nhm Transparency : thay i trong sut Refraction : thay i phn chiu ( ch tc dng vi kiu Photo raytrace) Bump map : p 1 nh map vo vt liu) Ch th hin khi render kiu t bng photo real, photo raytrace

Material name :tn cht liu Value : ch s ca c tnh cht Find file : chn nh bitmap Color : mu ca vt liu

B.Cc lnh h tr :



Bi 8

Quan st vt th t bng

A.Lnh Dview :thit t camera View/ 3D Dynamic View Command:DV enter Select objects: chn i tng CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo/: Cc la chn : 1.Pan : dch chuyn hnh 2.Hide : che nt khut 3.Off : tr v hnh chiu song song 4.Undo : hy b iu va lm 5.Point : xc nh v tr mc tiu v im nhn

Enter target point : Enter camera point :

6.CAmera : quay im nhn quanh mc tiu ( mc tiu mc nh l 0,0,0 - nu cha xc nh bi tu chn POint, Target)

Toggle angle in/Enter angle from XY plane : gc quay t mt phng XY ( phm vi bin i t -90 n 90) Lc chn T enter

Toggle angle from/Enter angle in XY plane from X axis : - gc quay trong mt phng XY (tnh t trc x phm vi bin i t -180 n 180)

7.TArget : quay mc tiu quanh im nhn ( vi khong cch khng i ) Toggle angle in/Enter angle from XY plane : gc quay t mt phng XY ( phm vi bin i t -90 n 90) Lc chn T enter

Toggle angle from/Enter angle in XY plane from X axis : - gc quay trong mt phng XY (tnh t trc x phm vi bin i t -180 n 180)

8.Distance : thay i khong cch t mc tiu n im nhn, ng thi chuyn qua hnh chiu phi cnh

New camera/target distance < >:khong cch -c th xc nh bng thc vi tr t 0x dn 16x ( 16x : 16 ln khong cch hin ti )



9.Zoom : thay i tiu c ng knh ( mc nh l 50mm) -hnh chiu phi cnh Adjust lenslength :tiu c-c th xc nh bng thc vi tr t 0x dn 16x ( 16x : 16 ln tiu c hin ti )

10.CLip :xc nh mt ct trc v sau ( thng gc vi phng nhn) gii hn phm vi nhn

Back/Front/: f xc nh mt ct trc B: mt ct sau -off :khng dng mt ct Eye/ < >:khong cch tnh t mc tiu Tr dng nu mt ct gia im nhn v mc tiu, tr m nu sau mc tiu- c th dng thc chnh E : mt ct ngay trc ng knh

11.TWist : quay ng knh quanh tia nhn ( nh ln ngc nu quay 180o) B.Lnh t bng nhanh : kiu Shade View/ Shade : t mu cc b mt ShadeDge=0 (256 color) : t bng mt , khng th hin cc cnh ShadeDge=1 (256 color Edge Highlight) : t bng mt , cnh c mu nn ShadeDge=2 (16 color Hidden Line) : ging lnh hide ShadeDge=3 (16 color Filled) :(mc nh) mt c mu v ,cnh c mu nn



Bi 9:

Ch t bng hnh nh

A.Lnh Render (View/Render/Render) Chn tn ca 1 trong cc scene mc Scene to Render ri nhp mc Render B.Hiu chnh :lnh Ppref (View/Render/Prefernces) 1.Render type :keu render (Render, photo real, photo raytrace) 2.Render option : Smooth shading : lm trn lng cc b mt Apply Material : gn vt liu nu c Shadow : to bng(kiu photo real, photo raytrace) Render cache : cc thng tin v render c ghi vo cache file a cng Light icon scale : phng i ca cc biu tng ngun sng Smoothing angle:45 - gc cc i cc b mt gn nhau lm trn lng l 45o

3.More Options :

Discard back faces : khng t bng nhng mt che khut-thi gian t bng nhanh hn

Back face normal is negative : cc mt c ngc chiu kim ng h l mt trc, ngc li l mt sau Gouraud : mu t c tnh ton theo mu ca cc cnh trn mt li



Phong : mu t dc tnh ton trn tng pixel ( ging thc hn) 4.Rendering procedure :

Query for selection : xut hin dng nhc select object : cho php chn cc i tng khi thc hin lnh render Crop window :pick crop window to render : chn vng xc nh bng 1 hnh ch nht render

Skip render dialog : khng xut hin hp hi thoi khi gi lnh render 5.Destination : chn ni kt xut t bng Viewports : hnh t bng nm trong ca s hin hnh

Render window : hnh t bng nm trong ca s ring.Cp th in hnh t bng hoc lu thnh tp tin .BMP File : c th chn lu thnh kiu tp tin .tga, .bmp, .pcx, .tiff qua mc more options

6.Sub sampling : chn t l .T l cng cao th thi gian t bng cng nhanh nhng cht lng t bng gim 7.Background : hu cnh Solid : phng mu Gradient :nhng di mu nm ngang Image : phng l 1 nn nh Merge : dng hnh AutoCad hin ti lm phng 8.Lnh Fog (View/render/fog...) : to cnh xa m cho hnh t bng C.Chn hnh vo bn v 1..Lnh Lsnew (View/render/landscape New):chn hnh ngi , cy c ...vo bn v Khi chn th i tng landscape l hnh tam gic hoc hnh ch nht.Hnh chn s hin ra khi ta t bng kiu Photo real hoc photo raytrace. 2.Lnh Lsedit (View/render/landscape edit) hiu chnh i tng landscape 3.Lnh Lslib (View/render/landscape library) : th vin cc i tng landscape(tp tin .lli) c th thay i to mi cc i tng landscape



Bi 10 : Thit lp ca s nhn trong bn v A.Thit t ca s tnh: Cc ca s c xp cnh nhau v khng thay i kch thc c View/Tiled Viewports/ layout Command : Vports Save/Restore/Delete/Join/SIngle/?/2//4:chn s ca s Save : lu dng b tr Restore:phc hi dng ca s b lu Join :ni 2 ca s Horizontal/Vertical/Above/Below/Left/:xp xp cc ca s B.Thit t ca s ng : Tiu chun : bin tilemode =0 (View/paper space) 1.Lnh Mview (view/floating viewports) ON/OFF/Hideplot/Fit/2/3/4/Restore/: Fit :1 ca s 2,3,4 : s ca s On : hin hnh trong ca s Off :tt hnh trong ca s Hideplot : b nt khut khi in On/off : on enter Select object : chn ca s mun che nt khut Restore :to cc ca s ging dng cc ca s b lu bng mc save ca lnh vports

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Giao Trinh Autocad 3D