Grammar

Countable and uncountable nouns

supermarket

n. 超级市场，超市

shelf 架子

carton

纸盒；牛奶盒；糖果盒

salt 盐

packet 小包，一包

knife

potato

A countable noun refers to something we can count.

An uncountable noun refers to something we can’t count.

可数名词指的是我们可以数的东西。

不可数名词指的是我们不可以数的东西。

countable nouns and uncountable nouns（可 数 名 词）

（不 可 数 名 词）Can you help them find their homes?

可数名词countable noun

不 可 数 名 词uncountable noun

man sugarcake water storyapple riceorange

beefcarrot deskjuice bread Coke

countable nouns

a carrot

singular form( 单数 )

plural form( 复数 )

three carrots

an egg two eggs

We use ‘a’ or ‘an’ before a singular countable noun.

I often eat a cake [keik] and an egg [eg] for breakfast. After breakfast, I have a banana [bə'nɑ:nə] or an orange ['ɔ:rindʒ] .

We use ‘an’ when the noun starts with a vowel sound.

当一个名词以元音音标开头时，我们用‘ an’

Game

Divide students into two groups: boys and girls. Fill in the blanks with ‘a’ or ‘an’.

orange

bowl

old man

comic book

an

a

an

a

egg

hour

cold evening

English song

an

an

a

an

festival

animal

healthy diet

important book

a

an

a

an

university[,ju:ni'və:siti]

trip

interesting book

football match

a

a

an

a

A [ei] B [bi:] C [si:] D [di:] E [i:] F[ef] G [d3i:] H [eit∫] I [ai] J [d3ei] K [kei] L [el] M [em] N [en] O [əu] P [pi:] Q [kju:] R [ɑ:] S [es] T [ti:] U [ju:] V [vi:] W [′d blju:] ∧ X [eks] Y [wai] Z [zi:]

anan an

26 letters( 字母 )

There is ___(a/an) ‘s’ in the word ‘shelf’.

anan an

an an an

an an

an

an

play a game

four catstwo birdstwo dogs

two watches three tomatoes ten knives

How to change a noun into plural form?

( 怎样把一个名词变为复数形式？ )

Most nouns +s 大多数名词变复数，直接加 s

cake cakes [keiks]

cat cats [kæts]

bamboo bamboos [bæm'bu:z]

bed beds [bedz]

Hi, baby. Let me tell you a story.

Great! I love listening to stories.

Once upon a time

( 从前 ) ， there were three piggies. They have many friends in cities……

Nouns ending in a consonant+y -y+ies

The rule:

以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，去 y 加 ies [iz]

幻灯片 20

Watch a flash and try to work out the rule.

family, story, library

幻灯片 21

Nouns ending in o +s or +es [z]

以 o 结尾的名词，加上 s 或是 es

radio-radios

photo-photos

kilo-kilos

zoo-zoos

panio-panios

potato-potatoes

tomato-tomatoes

mango-mangoes

Nouns ending in s, sh, ch, or x +es [iz]

Nouns ending in f or fe -f or –fe

+ves [vz]

以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的名词，加上 es

以 f 或是 fe 结尾的名词，去 f 或 fe 加 ves

life, knife, shelf

Some other nouns

irregular

( 不规则变化 )

man-------menwoman-------womenfoot-------feet

tooth------teethsheep------sheep

fish------fish

Chinese------Chinese

Game

Tell us the plural forms of these nouns

tooth

library

wolf

watch

teeth

libraries

wolves

watches

family

people

dish

box

families

people

dishes

boxes

bus knife foot hobbybuses knives feet hobbies

radio potato boy sheep

radios potatoes boys sheep

Uncountable nouns( 不可数名词 )

chicken juice rice pork

bread milk salt tea

On Sunday, I sometimes go to the supermarket. Last Sunday, I bought (buy 过去式 ) a kilo of meat, two bottles of juice, five apples and three cartons of milk in the supermarket.

Number +noun( 量词 ) + of + uncountable noun

We can use this way to show ( 表示 ) their amounts( 量 ).

three bottles of

water

2 kilos

2 kilos of meat 2 tins of Coke

a bag of rice two packets of salt

Help Millie and her mother complete th

eir shopping list.

Millie: Mum ,What do we need?

Mrs. Wang: We need some _________ ,

a____ of_____ and

a ________ of____ .

Millie: Do we need to

buy some _______ ?

chicken

bag rice

packet salt

vegetables

Mrs. Wang:Yes. Let’s buy some_______

and _________.

Millie: I want to buy some__________.

They are Grandpa’s favourite,

And we have only one_______.

We need to buy some, too.

carrots

potatoes

mangoes

apple

Mrs. Wang: OK,I think we need

some_____ and three

_________of ______.

Millie: Yes.

Coke

cartons milk

Make your own shopping list

A: Which fruit/ vegetables/snacks/meat/drink do you want to buy?

B: I want to buy......What about you?

A: I want to buy…… Which is your favourite fruit/ vegetable/snack/meat/drink?

B: ……is/are my favourite.

Buy healthy food in the supermarket. Don’t buy too many sweet snacks. Remember: it’s important for you to keep healthy.

Homework

• Finish the exercises on P65