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7/26/2019 Guzica
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1. RF ?300 MHz-300 GHz.
2. ?
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3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
, , ..
,
. -
.
. , ,
!()
6. ?Vektorski proizvod vektora E I H, odre"uje koli#inu energije EM talasa koja u jedinici vremena pro"e kroz jedini#nu
povrinu normalnu na pravac prostiranja talasa.
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7. ?$%, , ,
. , %,
() .
. & ,
( ), . ', %,
% . & , (
. ' ,
%, %.
8. ?
9. ? ?
, )p *p .
Zavisi od koren iz f.
10. ?&(, , , )
(). +
(,
(
(surface roughness). ,
MHz. ,, , . ',
,
.
11. ?(Ez = 0,Hz = 0 )
(-.) . (
, ( Ez = 0,Hz /0 ),
(-) . (,
(Hz = 0,Ez /0 ), (.) . $(.
( ), %,
, ( Ez /0, Hz /0 ). '(.
() -..
12. (
, , , )?Postoji tabela, idiotsko je pitanje, svaka podloga ima drugacije osobine.
13.
(microstrip transmission line)? !.Linpar, MWO, Ansoft Designer, WIPL-D. Jos jedno idiotsko pitanje
7/26/2019 Guzica
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14. ?0--..
15. ?',
() , , , .
16. ? "
?
TE10,
17. ? "
?
-11, ,m=1, n=1, a=b, valjda, za ovo nisam siguran.
18. ?1 . 1
( ( . 1
(. (
. $,
( ( , ( ( ). $
%,
(, )
19. ?.[L] , [B] , [R] [G] (.
[L] - (((%()
[B] - (
%(, [R] , (
, [G].
20. ?
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21. ?Linpar.
22. ?
Ima tu jos nesto oko izvodjenja oko modalinih matrica, ako te bas zanima, pogledaj 80. stranu u knizi.
23. ?
2 ( , m, m =1,..., N , [SV ] [SI ] . $[Zc ] [Yc ] (.
24. ?& ( N = 2 ). (:
. , (
( . ,
(.
25. ? ?. 300 MHz (1 GHz
). , , , ( . 2( ,
( ,
, %(). &
, :
1) () .
2) .
3) +, ,
7/26/2019 Guzica
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. , (
, , .
,
.
26. (s- )?
(
. ,
() , s-
(scattering parameters).
27. (
)?
28.
?
, ,D ,f , F0 = 0 (2) 0 , = 2f , (Z0 =Zc ).
29. ?3, (1) (2) . &()
. , (k
. 4(.
30. (return loss)?(return loss)
. , 1
+2 %,Zp =Z0p =Z02 , a2 = 0 , b1 = s11a1 ,
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31. (available source power)?#(available source power)
. $
, Zg = Z0g , [s]g = 0 . +,
Zp =Z0p =Z0g , [s]p = 0 , PAVS =| bg |.
32. (insertion loss)?"(insertion loss)
33. ABCD ()?.
. . ,(
, () (
(). ', ,
. [ABCD] ABCD ,
, , ABCD .
34. $ABCD , .
Izvodjenje ide na osnovu 33.pitanja, recimo za admitansu U1=A*U2 + B*(-I2) sa slike se vidi U1=U2 pa je
A=1,B=0, a struja I1=Iy-I2 pri cemu su Iy=Y*U2 , pa dolazimo uporedjivanjem do C=Y, D=1. Slicno je i za drugi
slucaj.
Jednacine voda bez gubitaka:
2)sin(j2)cos(1 c IZUU += 2)cos(2)sin(j1 c IUYI +=
7/26/2019 Guzica
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35. ? "?.
() %Mathematica.
$ ( ( ( % Maple, Matlab MathCAD,
AWR,pSpice,WIPL
36. %S11 = 0.990 /_ -17 deg S21 = 5.010 /_ 163 deg S12 = 0.016 /_ 78deg S22 = 0.600 /_ -14 deg Z0 = 50 Ohm
0.3 mW
75 Ohm,
S = 0.025 Z0 = 75 Ohm. '
, . ?
37. &10 dB
50 Ohm. (ABCD) ?
A=0.316 , pa se samo unese u matricu
A=0, B=0, C=-A/50, D=A/2 (boldirano A se odnosi na slabljenje).
38. ? ?
?5() . 5(.
Jednacine koje povezuju napone I struje su:
39. (ABCD) ?
Iz opste jednacine pogonskih parametara i jednacine karateristicne za imitansnog invertora lako se cita A=0, B=(-z),
C=1/z, D=0
7/26/2019 Guzica
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40. $
() () .
() ()
U1+U2+U3=0, I1=I2=I3, koristis jednacinje za sve pristupe:
a1+a2+a3=3/2*I1*sqrt(Z0)
a1-b1=I1*sqrt(Z0) odakle sledi I1=a1-b1/sqrt(Z0)Zamenom u prvu jednacinu dobijamo redom parametre za prvu vrstu. Anaglono za ostale.
U slucaju paralelne veze samo se krece od U1=U2=U3, I1+I2+I3=0 i sabira se a1+b1, postutpak je isti dalje.
41. ?'s-(
5 . 5%
/ 2 .
42. (rat-race coupler)?6() (. 's-
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43. () ? (
( ) . $
g / 20 .
44. ?
'(() , . .
( ( ( , ( ()
. '
SMD . SMD
(((. ((NiCr) (TaN),
((RuO2).
((.
2 . ' .
'(5 250 / kvadrat . 0. &
850oC . '(20 / kvadrat 500k/ kvadrat .
-a a : () . ( Microwave Office), ()
, () () .
45. ?.
( (. )
. (,(.
: () , () ,
() ()
.
-%Coilcraft. (7
.)
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46. ?, , ,
( BL = 0 ). fr (fr >fa)
(XL = 0 ). 8. '
(((
( fa fr ). $ , l , 5. &
l/ 2 ,
l/ 2 .
47. ? . SMD
. ' , . +
( ),
C = 0rS/ d , n n 1 .
48. ?
Ze =Rp +jLp +1/( jC) .
. 'SRF (series resonant frequency).
49. (Q-) ?
?9 (Q-) Q- (), %
Q- . 7 , Q-.
Q-, , (L Rp).
50. (Q-) ?
?(. & , Rp, ESR, equivalent series
resistance. 0 Q- ( ),
(
. $ (dissipation factor, DF),
. 1%(:
+
. & ( )
%.
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51. ?(
. ( (
(. (, . (
,
().
(a) () ()
(((: () , ()
, () .
52. ?SMD . .
, -- (metal-
insulator-metal, MIM) .
() 1SMD () 6SMD
.: () , () , () MIM
53. ?(. $
, (. 7). ,
. $
, (),
, .
. ( . ,
. 82 GHz
(. 7(
. ,
.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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-: () -, () -()
.
-.
54. ?$ . .(
(,
. PIN ,
. PIN (((. ,
MESFET . 5PIN
. 5 ,
.
.PIN : () (), () (
).
55. ?E%. B
.
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56. ?.
57. ?NEMA NIGDE U KNJIZI NI NA SLAJDOVIMA.
58. (airbridge, dielectric crossover)?
. 3(. .
(airbridge) (dielectric crossover) ( 5.43). (
(. '
, . ,(
. (,
.
59. ?
60. MEMS ?MEMS -((Microelectromechanical Systems),
( ( (( . 0 MEMS
%1m1 mm . '(, (, (
(, , ), , , (
( ) . 5 MEMS
, MEMS ,
.
61. ?%, , , , , , , , , ,
.
62. ()?&% (% , % , %; matched
load, load, termination)
. 5%, , . ,-.
Zp = Zc . ,Z0 =Zc s-%s11 = 0 .
&%: $-,
%().
. &%(%
7/26/2019 Guzica
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$((%
Rp = Zc , , , ((
.
&% , 6.4 6.4. &% () 6.4
,
. , :
. & ,
(). 0%,
6.4, (, ),
. & ( (( ),
( ). ' %
() . 0
g 2 , g 21,01., ( (. 1 )%(sliding load).
63. ? (, ; short circuit, short)
s11 =-1, . Zp = 0 .
( ( , .
6.7) (
( ( ( %
(, , ) .
$((, ,
(6.8). 2,
. '(, . ,, ,
, .
7/26/2019 Guzica
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,(, %(
( 6.7) ( ( 6.10). ,
% ( 6.7 6.10) ,
, . ' , %,, ( 6.10,)
(
), 6.11. +Zc1 = Zc2 , Zul = Zp . ,
Zc1 =Zc2/10 Zul =Zp/100 .
64. &'- 3 dB
50 Ohm.
65. () (() ((?
$ (
%,
6.18.
$((,
SMD ((. 3
7/26/2019 Guzica
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6.18. '&, (
.
66. ? ?$((. PIN ), (&,
. $
. -
FEM MESFET (( &) ( .
;(.
67. ?& (phase shifter)
. +,
. ',
, %.
.
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68. ?0- 6.28. --
, 6.28, H-, 6.28. 0T-
(. ) 6.29. $, %
.$(6.10) %
.
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69. !(?&1. ',
, %(. ', l ,
( , Zc , R , %,
. ,s-.
4(s-6,
6.31 s21 = s31 s22 = s33 , l ,Zc R :1. (. %) ,
2. s11 = 0 ,
3. s22 = 0 ,
4. s32 = 0 .
. % 1,
1 . &, s21 = s31
=1/ 2 . 02, 2 3 (z0 =1)
l zc z = 2 . '
l = g/ 4 zc = 2 . &r 3 4. ,3,4. &s22 s32 ,
2. &6.32. 2 %,
3 %(6.32E2 = 2E,E3 = 0 ). ,s22 = 0 zul2 =V2/(Z0
I2 ) =1 . '(even) ( E2 = E,E3 = E ) (odd) ( E2 = E, E3 =-E ). & ()
r / 2 , %
(() z = 2 .
7/26/2019 Guzica
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,. $, , 6.33, r / 2
. z = 2 1
2zc/z =1 , zul2 =1 ,I2 =E/(2Z0 ) , V2 =E/ 2 .
,, (),
( 6.34). 2
, zul2 = r/ 2 . +zul2 =1 (. r = 2 ), V2 =V2 =
E/ 2 , V2 =E ,I2 =I2 =E/(2Z0 ) ,I2 =E/Z0 , zul2 =1 , . '
3 r = 2 , . R = 2Z0 . &, V3 (6.32) 2 %%. 2
V3 =V3 +V3 = 0 . 1 3 %,
s32 =V3/V2 = 0 , %.
70. ?$
. $ (,
(, , .
$(.
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$. , (: . & , ,
( , ( ). ,(
,
,
. 0
, %. &(() -.
2 ( :
. 2 ( (()
. 2 ( (() . , %
, %(.
2:
, (((). 2%, (, .
&, () . 2
((, ,
, .
2:$((,
. / 4 , .
71. ?
$A=-20log10 dB , C =-20log10 dB . (, s-. (A=-20log10 | s21 | dB A=-20log10 | s43 | dB. 0
C=-20log10 | s41 | dB C =-20log10 | s32 | dB.
72. ?5I =-20log10 | s31 | dB I =-20log10 | s42 | dB.
73. () ?
(), %,
74. ? ?$((,
. / 4 , .
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6.46 ( . 5 . $,
(12 r ( +1) / 2 , r . $ ,
(). 3,
(6.46). 0
6.46, %(,
. '%
.
0 ( (
. ,
. ( ( ). 0, %, (,
3.3. 6.47 ( 0,5 GHz ), 6.47
. 045 dB.
7 e ( , ,
(). ,(
((6.48).
9 ( (
. / 4 . 2 .
$ (,
). 2,
.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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75. ? (combiner) ()
() 14. &N = 2 6.51.
% % .
( ( . 2
. &%(.
76. ? ?$(. .
(1
. , , . '. ,
, , . s-
'(isolator). 5(
-.. ,
9.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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$ ( ( ,
( ( .
() . '
(), I = 20-50 dB AIL 1 dB .
5.
77. ? ?=Y-
. $, %, . , %
. $. ,
,
. =Y-()
(6.58). &%:
((6.58), ((
((6.586.59). 6.59
.
. 6.60
.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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78. ?8 -. . 5
. $ , , -.
.
79. ?8 . $
. & , , ( ( . '
, %, (, -.
(.
80. (Q-) ?
81. (Q-) ?
7/26/2019 Guzica
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82. () ?. :
. $
( ( () ,
. $,
. '.'(17 .
fr ,f0 frez (r , 0 rez ) .LC- ,
LC-(, (
. , (, (
) (.
83. !. ?
84. ?. ( 6.64.' , ( (C0 C3 ) ( ),
(C2 ) (C1 )
() ().
85. ?0 ( ,
.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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86. ?+ Z Zg
() Z=Zg. ' % . $ ( 7.1).
,
. & , -.
Zc . 0 % % %
, Zlevo =Zdesno* . 0 , % %%. '
( ) %. . %
. 'Zg. '
%Z*.
87. ?
+ , r =1 , ( ) %, 7.6. $2
/ r =1 % . ,. 2, g = 1, %, 7.6. $2
/ g = 1 %. ,%. 5, ()
L-. '
(7.7). 0 L-(r 1 . ,
, , r =1 2. 0, r =1 (. r >1 , . 7.5) L-, g = 1 (. g > 1 ) L-, 2. &L-,
2 4. 5%(,
, VSWR (KST). &
, () Q. .Q-%, %
( % ) .
. 7, ,
%. , g/ 4 , , .
7/26/2019 Guzica
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( , . $
%. 8
%() , .
IMA MNOGO O OVOME, POGLEDAJ OKO 160. STRANE U KNJIZI AKO TE ZNIMA JOS
88. ?$
, ZS ZL ( 7.28). ,
%. 3%
. ,%(,
. 7.29 (%. 2
% Zc
Z0 , () Zc .
( 7.29, 7.29)
% . 0 L- ( 7.29) gL < 1 , L-(7.29) rL < 1 (). $ZS ZL (. s-
Z0 =Zc ) S L .
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89. ?$ ( Zc
, Z , Zul2 =Zc/ Z , Z0 . '
. %
( ( .
7/26/2019 Guzica
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96. /?+ (dB), ,
MdB()=20log10M() , . +log10 (/(rad / s)) log10 (f/Hz) , 2, . 9(), deg () = ()180/ .
97. )(Bode) ?9(
, 4(Bode) .
98. (gain, amplification) (attenuation) ?>(,
(attenuation). 8(gain, amplification).
99. (
)? s
,H(s) =N(s)/D(s) , N(s) D(s) .
100. ?
N(s) = 0 , D(s) = 0 .
101. -?8
-.
102. ?.
103. ?8D(s) , .
104. , ? , , H(s) = H0 ((s-
sz1)(s-sz2 )...)/((s-sp1)(s-sp2 )...) .
105. ?8D(s) , .
106. (impulse response) (step response)?5 > , (
) (0?-). 5
9.
'(6).
107. ?2, a, , , , fine
tuning, , , , .
108. ?2.
109. ?+
.
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110. ?+.
111. /?7. 0, (4
. 2 (
). 8
. 0 ,
. $
.2 ,
, . 9, ,
.
112. (tuning) ?$, ((
() (. &
(fine tuning, trimming, ).
( (). ' . (Monte Carlo)
.
113. ?2(, Agilent ADS, Ansoft Designer, AWR Microwave
Office, Eagleware Genesys WIPL-D Microwave) ( ((
. ,
(3D EM) , , , WIPL-D Professional, Zeland IE3D Ansoft
HFSS.
114. !..%(
RF (. & % ( ,( , ( , , ,
, , 5, GPS, WLAN, WiMAX Bluetooth .
115. ?' . ,
. .
116. !.2((lowpass, LP) 8.3.
' 0< f < Fp (passband) Ap . 'f > Fs
(stopband) As . .%Fp Fp , Ap . 0
7/26/2019 Guzica
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117. ? *?
H( j) =1 | |=. , ,
9(Fourier) .
118. ? &, , ?4(Butterworth), 8.4,
: 3 dB ( 3dB ) ( n ).2 . '
n , n . 2 () , . 26n (
3.3 ).
7/26/2019 Guzica
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- (Cauer) , 8.5, .
0
7/26/2019 Guzica
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119. *
?. 5 % . 2
. 2
.
120. *
?. A % . 2
. 2
.
121. ?, ,
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126.
>
( 8.8). .
RLC . ,
.
127. L
,,
,
LC-. &
.
128. Q-()
^^^
129. (
?
LC-
.
Synthesis Wizard)
)
130.
, (
&
(+
?
(
, ,
;
,
?
,
,
, () , () /, ()
)
8.17
. . (
(
.
? !
() (
,
) .
, ,
,
. ,
LC-
/?
LC
(MWO Filter.
?
) .
7/26/2019 Guzica
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Q-
Q-
(
:
( 2 f0 , 3 f0 , 4 f0 ,K),
( 3 f0 , 5 f0 , 7 f0 ,K). 5
131. ?
&LC-
( 8.9)
Rg = Rg,proto =1W . ,
. ,
,
132.
5LC-
5
w
5 Q-
, ,
.
)
()
,
.
, Wp = Wp,proto =1 rad s ,
,
,
LC-.
LC (LP, HP, BP, BS)?
Rg Wp =
LC-, ,
.
w .
(
.
(
. &
.
(
(
2pFp.
( ,
7/26/2019 Guzica
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133. (AP,
9
134. &
LC
^^^
135.
& LC-
(
,
.
136.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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'
'
137. &
).
8
impedance high-Z-low-Z (
Zc,max , (
Zc,min 20 W Zc,max
. 1
.
%
138. #
142. #
= jZc tgQ 0
7/26/2019 Guzica
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,
,
.
,
. &,
Q0,
141. commensurate line
LC-
. &
Yc = Cw0 = Cproto*Wp,pr
Q0 = p / 4 ,
f0 = w0/(2p)
commensurate line all-st
.
. '(
.
ll-stub (stub )?
LC-
oto*Rg,proto/Rg . 8LC-
Zc = Lw0 = Rg*Lproto*Wp,proto/Rg,proto. $
d = lg/8 , lg
Fp . '
b (stub ). 5
f0 (8
,
.24).
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144. !
(. $
145. "
.
146.
2 8.25
Q = p / 2 ,
.25 ( )
LC all-stub
LC al
?
LC-,
. 2 f0
,
.
(
(8.27).
l-stub
. '4 f0
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2 f0 . 5
p ,
147.
5 ( 4.15)
U1 = zI2 , I1=(1/ z)*U2,
:
5
Z ,
+
Y ,
&
5
4 f0 .
?
z
Zc =
:
Yc
:
.
,
. 3
. .
K , z = jK . +
J , z= j/J. +
, 8.28.
7/26/2019 Guzica
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5
148.
5
, Ypar = jwCpar +1/(
,
Lred,eq = K2*Cpar, Cred,eq = Lpar/K
2.
5K
,
.
149.
. 314 318
150.
&
. $
,
,
((
%. 9
, (
(.
?
,
. &
wLpar ) ,
Zc = K , , Zred,eq = K
2Ypar = jwLred,eq +1/( j
$Lred,eq*Cred,eq = Lpar*Cpar .
Zred,eq . +,
= sqrt(Lred,eq/Cpar) .
?
?
( (
. 2 , , 8.5. 8(
)
( ( ). 5
. 2,
3.3.3. 8
.
. 0
wCred,eq ) ,
()
,
(
((
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151. 7?
152. ?
153. 7?
154. 7?
155. 7?
#%%
156. %(Vector
Network Analyzer, VNA)?
157. 7(VNA)?
158. 7SOLT ?
159. 7(?
160. (?