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WWF Mongolia

2009

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(PhD) .

Rich Harris (PhD)

C. ( )

.

.

. (PhD) .

. . . . . . . .

2009

,

,

: - 2010 1- 15-

.

: 2010 ... …- .

2009

2

2010

(Ovis ammon L.,1758), (Capra sibirica L.,1758)

,

: . (Ph.D)

: .

: Richard Harris

2010

2009

3

............................................................................................................... 4

................................................................................................ 5-8

........................................................................ ............................................ 9

, ........................................................................................................ 10

.............................................................10-20

..................................................... 20-21

....................................................................... ……………… 21-22

……………… 22-28

, ( )............. 28-109

- ..................................................................................... 29-45

..................................................................................................... 45-58

.................................................................................................. 59-63

- ........................................................................................ 63-75

........................................................................................ 75-79

.................................................................. ……………...79-81

......................................................................................... 81-91

.................................................................................... 92-93

..................................................................... ………….. 93-98

..................................................................................... 98-106

............................................................................................. 106-107

.................................................................................. 107-108

.................................................................................. 108-109

.................................................................................. 110-113

.......................................................................................... 114

.................................................................................. 114-115

........................................................................................ 116

.................................................................................. 117-121

.......................................................................................... 122

2009

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2009

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, , - 2009 10- .

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.

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1- . , 2009 10 .

,

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2009

6

2338 1505 15408

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180 30

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2- . , 2009 10-

A

(2009, 2)

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10 80.9 1.85 15 11 1335 14.30 1909 12 2.1 0.00 42 13 3709.8 2.94 1091 14 13021.5 3.48 4532

55985.8 6.45 36018 (13840-43873)

. ,

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2009

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2009

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2009

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2009

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2009

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2009) .

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2009

18

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. (1997, 1994) 20,000-

. 2001 -

,

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, . 2001

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, ,

.

2009

20

. 2001 1976

- , , – , ,

, , 7 34

31,2% .

, -

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( , 2001).

( , 1987)

1986 80,000 1980-

(Fedosenko and Blank 2001) . Mallon

(1997) , ,

.

.

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, .

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.

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,

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. ,

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.

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2009

23

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( 2)

(2001, 2)

(2001)

(2009, 2)

(2009)

-

( 2)

1. - 35663.08 2274.82 6.38 4244.3 11.90 1969.52. 62060.33 2955.35 4.76 3560.8 5.74 605.53. - 84714.59 6263.84 7.39 6465.1 7.63 201.34. 5498.32 9.19 0.17 29.0 0.53 19.85. 97314.96 8315.33 8.54 9671.9 9.94 1356.66. 56783.69 3991.22 7.03 1723.5 3.04 -2267.77. 22949.22 1184.74 5.16 1184.7 5.16 0.08. 34925.78 3716.55 10.64 2151.2 6.16 -1565.49. 164134.80 8990.77 5.48 6371.7 3.88 -2619.110. 16456.82 120.01 0.73 1070.9 6.51 950.911. 53173.00 1296.91 2.44 2992.0 5.63 1695.112. 16597.61 694.12 4.18 1315.9 7.93 621.813. 19298.53 63.04 0.33 613.8 3.18 550.814. 65889.57 8028.58 12.18 6369.0 9.67 -1659.615. 16625.57 828.12 4.98 720.6 4.33 -107.516. 18448.90 0.00 0.00 1327.1 7.19 1327.117. 4974.20 0.00 0.00 403.8 8.12 403.8

752085.85 48732.59 6.48 50215.4 6.68 1482.8

2009

24

10- .

1- . (2001-2009)

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10- .

2001 2009

.

.

2009

25

. ,

, .

.

2009 - , -

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(4- ).

4- .

(2001)

(2001)

(10 2, 2001)

(2009)

(2009)

(10 2, 2009)

1. - 2274.82 650 2.9 4244.3 2123 5.02. 2955.35 290 1.0 3560.8 572 1.63. - 6263.84 380 0.6 6465.1 1556 2.44. 9.19 85 92.5 29.0 140 48.35. 8315.33 1745 2.1 9671.9 2773 2.96. 3991.22 850 2.1 1723.5 2338 13.67. 1184.74 110 0.9 1184.7 40 0.38. 3716.55 1840 5.0 2151.2 1756 8.29. 8990.77 4040 4.5 6371.7 2404 3.810. 120.01 5 0.4 1070.9 50 0.511. 1296.91 375 2.9 2992.0 834 2.812. 694.12 380 5.5 1315.9 1033 7.913. 63.04 30 4.8 613.8 30 0.514. 8028.58 2460 3.1 6369.0 2311 3.615. 828.12 175 2.1 720.6 180 2.5 13 86

55985.9 2 .

1:500000-

1:100000-

2009

26

.

, , , -

.

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. 83,1%

.

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1980)

. 5- , 2-

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10 7 1335.011 1 2.112 4 3709.813 13 13021.5

86 55985.9

2009

27

2- .

11- .

162 2541 .

( ),

95%-

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2009

28

6- .

A

(2009, 2)

1 127.86 100 2 - 7522.3 5.15 3874 3 5649.6 5.15 2909 4 - 8917.6 5.51 4913 5 225.5 5.32 120 6 1564.7 9.70 1518 7 6078.4 2.20 1337 8 2568.9 1.30 334 9 5309.5 25.09 13324

10 80.9 1.85 15 11 1335 14.30 1909 12 2.1 0.00 42 13 3709.8 2.94 1091 14 13021.5 3.48 4532 55985.8 6.45 36018 (13840-43873)

3- .

2009

29

. -

A. 1.

92.3% 4,749 2 60

. 59 .

41 500 . 9 7-

. 2-76- ( x = 12.5, SD = 13.8).

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. (> 2 )

,

.

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polynomial adjustments, hazard rate key function with a maximum of 2 cosine

adjustments, half-normal key function with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments)

2,627 (SE =

212 ).

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2008).

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.

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/ 2/.

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31

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.

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. .

2009

38

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249 . 114 (45.7%)

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44

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56 , 56 38 .

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(2009 7 23-28) 315- , 134 , 95

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40 .

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/ .

: 2004

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11 .

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50

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51

, , , ,

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2247 2 591

Rich Harris .

2001

,

.

2004

,

. 2009 2004

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,

.

2009

52

.

591

.

.

.

1315,9 ² .

24 7 93

414 591

.

multiply survey 4 -

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² (S=2 R) .

527,52 ² 414 .

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,

.

.

:

- 89.70 2;

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122.18 2;

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98.56 2, 120.20 2, 28.19 2,

47.87 2;

2009

53

- 254.32 2

.

1335.0 2

,

.

15- .

,

1 78

.

13- .

2009

54

2004

: : : 1.2:3.8:1:1.7 .

/13- /.

- 2004 100:45

(90%) .

- 26% /

, 2004/.

, ,

2004 , -

, .

3430 2 8972

( , 2004).

, 2009

, - ,

.

8- .

/ 2/

/ /

1

150.16 800-1000

2

89.70 50

3

68.33 200

4 ,

122.18 300

5

219.91 2000

6

50.89 100

7 , , ,

,

356.65 620

8

254.32 500

1312.14 4570-4770

76 1 .

, , ,

2009

55

, , , , , ,

o

1:500,000 .

1335 2 1900

.

, ,

( , 2008). ,

6 , 7

. , 2001

1991

19.8%- , 15.6-24%- . 2001

, ,

,

. 2004

2001 8%-

45%- 2 .

, .

2004, 2009

79.8%- 100 28.1%-

20.7%- , 32%- .

.

, .

, ,

.

2009

56

,

,

.

,

.

, , , ,

. ,

.

, ,

.

, ,

,

.

,

, ,

, ,

.

,

, .

2007 217255

, 2005 199733 -

. 2008 2004

893 - ,

1472 - ,

. 2007

2003 24 ,

24 , 92 ,1 ( , 2004) ,

.

, .

. (6.7%)

2009

57

.

,

, ,

.

, ,

,

.

,

,

,

,

.

1. , ,

,

.

“ ”

, .

,

,

. “ ” - 2009

2003 72.5%- , 2007

51.2%- ,

.

,

2009

58

, .

.

2.

.

, , , GPS, , ,

.

.

3. ( )

4.

,

5.

,

6. , , ,

7.

,

,

8. ,

,

.

. , ,

.

.

.

. 2

.

2009

59

. .

80%-

, 14 272 .

216

341 . 5 ,

2 .

33 780 .

1246

2200 . 4 ,

2 .

.

1992

.

,

, , .

16- . , 2009

2009

60

17- . , 2009

9- .

1 1992 3000 5000

2 2001 2000 - ,

3 2007 476 4191 , , “ ”

4 2008 690 3444 “

”

5 2009

10

2311 4532 , “

”

, , ,

.

.

341 .

2009

61

2001

.

Richard Harris- .

3172,6 ² .

2 10 11 183 .

multiply survey 4 -

18,84 ²

(S=2 R) .

251,2 ² 272 .

3172,6 ² [=3172,6*272/(2*3,14*4*10)] 2300±11

.

, ,

4 144 39

27.1% , 60 41.6% , 23 16% ,

22 15.3% .

: : : 27.1%:41.6%:16%:15.3% .

1:0.6 : 1:0.3,

: 1:0.4 .

, , , ,

27 1273

.

. 5-128 (10- ).

10- . (2009 10 )

1-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-

3 4 1 1 1 3

9 51 24 36 49 259

2.1% 11.9% 5.6% 8.4% 11.4% 60.5%

, ,

2009

62

,

.

, , ,

. , , , ,

, .

, ,

.

, ,

,

. ,

, 2000-2003 4

, 2001-2002 .

, .

:

o .

, 2002-2004

. .

o

, .

o ,

, , .

1990-

.

,

.

.

,

2009

63

.

1992 ,

,

.

, . , ,

, ,

, , , 3

163 , 2 115 , 2, 2

.

,

.

,

, ,

. .

. -

12162 215 12 72

( 3-10) 85.8% . 50

.

16 83 . 12 6-

. 1-13- ( x =5.2, SD = 3.4).

83 , 38 , 20 , 16 , 9

. (> 2 ) ,

.

2 (hazard rate key function with a maximum

of 2 cosine adjustments, half-normal key function with maximum of 2 cosine

adjustments) ,

. 1,236 (SE = 282m)

0.321 / 2 (95%

2009

64

0.137 – 0.753), 12,162 2 1556 (95%- 1,666 - 9,158)

.

2001 -

6 6263,84 2

,

69.5% .

-

. , . 2007 -

27.3%-

.

2009 ( “ ” ),

, ,

, ( ) ( “ ”

) , .

,

.

- , ,

, - “ ” , - ,

,

.

,

.

- , ,

, , ,

, ,

.

.

. , ,

, , ,

, , , ,

2009

65

.

(5- 11- )

, ,

,

.

.

,

.

2003

2-3 .

, ,

, .

, ,

,

.

3719 7 . . 3707

, 6 . . 343 ,

3 . . 3397 ,

. . 3526 .

, , , ,

, - “ ” “ ”

.

, ,

, .

,

, .

2009

66

- :

- ,

.

. 624,22 2 .

.

- 190 2 .

, -

.

. 60

.

- 638.70 2

2 .

.

- - - ,

136.9 2

,

- ,

,

.

- , 393,59 2 .

- 316.82 2

.

,

. ,

,

, ,

.

.

2009

67

18- . -

2001

-

, , , 670 2 40

, , , ,

650 2 20 , ,

2470 2 90 , ( ) , ,

780 2 200 , 6364 2 380

.

3164 2 380

, 1000 - 0.6 .

-

. , . 2007

2009

68

, , , ,

, 57 .

2009 ,

, - “ ” , , ,

, 16 83

(11- ).

11- . -

-

2 14 10 4 3 13 4 7 2

3 9 5 4 , 2 7 3 2 2

3 14 4 4 2 3 1 3 26 5 13 8

16 83 31 26 14 11

2 14, 3 13,

3 9, 2 7, - -

3 14, 3 26

.

258.28 2 14,

2057.57 2 13, , 597.59 2

9, 1228.27 2 7, - -

820.97 2 14, 258.28 2 26

.

12- .

2007 2009

- 14

- 13

- 9

- 7

- - 7 14

25 26

- 25 -

57 83

2009

69

, , , ,

, .

- , 2007 7 2009

14 . 2007 25

2009 26 .

,

.

, .

14 - . ,

2001

1:1.4, 1:1.5, 1:1.7 2007

: : : 2.3: 4.8: 1: 1.1 . :

1:2.07, 1:4.8, 1:4.1

.

3 (21.4%)

, (35.7%) , 6 (42.9%) .

,

1: 5.8 .

-

2001 -

6364 2 380 .

2009

70

-

. , . 2007 -

4.597 484±24

. 2001

27.3%- .

1-13- ( x =5.2, SD = 3.4). 83

, 38 , 20 , 16 , 9 .

(> 2 ) ,

.

2 (hazard rate key function with a maximum of 2

cosine adjustments, half-normal key function with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments)

, .

1,236 (SE = 282m)

0.321 / 2 (95% 0.137 – 0.753),

12,162 2 1550 .

2009 , 2001

.

-

.

3900 .

.

.

- 6449,7 ² .

2 11 11 50

.

- multiply survey 4 -

25,2

² (S=2 R) .

207,2 ² 50 .

6449,7 ² [=6449,7*50/(2*3,14*4*11)] 1550±6

.

2009

71

-

1:500,000

, .

. - 32

314 . 7 34

. 12

140

. , 13 314

258-

135 , 71 , 34 , 18 .

(> 2 ) ,

.

, ,

, . , -

, , , -

, ,

.

6 78

. 14

.

:

, , , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , -

, , , , ,

, , , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , ,

, , , , ,

, , , ,

, , - , , ,

, , , , , ,

2009

72

, , , , , , -

, , , , , ,

, , .

2006

281 10 2 12,54

.

, , ,

, , , ,

, , ,

, , 1155,6 2,

, , , , , , ,

, , , ,

, , 2 , ,

, , , , ,

, , ,

.

19- .

2009

73

- “ ”

.

. , ,

. , , ,

, .

100 .

-

,

, .

, ,

. ,

,

. 8 10

.

2007

, ,

.

, ,

.

13- . -

2007 2009 - 71

- 112 - 3

- 14 - 14

- 7 - - 14

- 30 197 47

- 16 4 -

11 - 26 -

2 - 1 -

241 328

2009

74

, ,

,

,

, .

14- . ,

-

2009 32 328 129 77 38 17 54

2007 6 241 23 99 90 29

2007 241 23 (9.5%) , 99 (41%)

, 90 (37.3) , 29 (12.2%) 2009

32 328 , 129 (39.3%),

77 (23.4%), 38 (11.5%), 17 (5.1%) .

2007 2009 ,

. , 2007

2009 16 .

, .

, , ,

.

,

.

-

-

. , . -

21543,07 2 5720±286

1000 - 2.6 .

13 154

.

1,865m, (SE = 92m)

0.404 / 2 (95%

0.195 – 0.837), 12,162 2 3

2009

75

4913 (95%- 2,372 - 10,180)

.

.

10 , , , , ,

, , .

- ,

.

.

. , (16

83 )

.

,

. -

, . -

, .

.

.

15000

.

.

.

. 2001

6 3142,38 2

, , - ,

,

. 2009 ,

, - , ,

,

.

2009

76

, ,

(2001 ). ,

. 2

, .

.

.

.

,

.

,

(2001 ) .

2008

,

. -

,

. -

2009 10- 10- 2010

5-

.

2009

77

20- .

- , ,

(2001 ) .

, -

. ,

. .

,

(2001 ) .

.

2009

78

(2001 ).

.

,

(2001 )

, .

(20- ).

,

1<5 6 ( 40,0%)

18 ( 12,6%), 6<10

5 ( 33,3%) 42 (

29,4%), 11<15 2 ( 13,3%)

27 ( 18,9%), 16<20 1 (

6,7%) 16 (

11,2%), 31<40 1 ( 6,7%) 40

( 28,0%) (15- ) .

15- .

, 100:62.5, , 100:6.3, ,

100:34.4 .

6.3% 34.4% .

, ,

15 143 14

62 . 20

2009

79

14.0% , 32 22.4% , 2 1.4%

, 11 7.7% . 12

4,393 ² 3,561 ²

50 95%-

444-927,

572 .

2009

49,3%- .

.

( ) .

. ,

, , , .

, ,

,

, .

.

. ( ) 6

39 310 .

1- 50- ( x =7.9, SD = 9.1). 192 ,

90 , 53 , 1 , 48 .

(> 2 ) ,

. , ,

1,160 -2,368, 4

1,756 . , .

1000 .

, 50-60

2009

80

, .

.

, 50-60

. , ,

, ,

.

, ,

50-60, 10-20, 10 ,

. 2-3

,

. ,

. 2

10 . 21-

.

21- .

4 (2 , 2 ) . ,

, , , ,

2009

81

.

, (22- ).

2568.9 2 330

100 - 1.3 .

22- .

3 12 , 2 ,

2 .

.

31 23-

8,743 2 80.8% . 194 (

1-41). 112 .

17 102 . 23 11-

. 1- 22- ( x = 4.6, SD = 4.7).

2009

82

66 , 41 , 15 , 3 , 7

. (> 2 )

, .

half-

normal key function with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments

1,006 (SE = 140 ).

0.275 / 2 (95% 0.137 – 0.555),

2,404 2 2,123 (95% 1,198 - 4,852)

.

2001

14 9937 2 3044

6.1% , , , , 4.8%

, , , , 3.2%

, , , .

- 473 2 60 ,

, 316 2 50 , - ,

481 2 140 , 570 2 110 , , 348 2

90 , , 86,0 2

50 , , , ,

1792 2 1150 , - 42 2 20 , , , 1395 2 280 , , , 1040 2

460 , 629 2

210 ( 2001).

2007

8890.77 2 956

, 1000 - 1.06

.

4945.8 2 2018

, 1000 - 4.08

( 2007).

2009

83

10- , 683 2

.

2007 100 , 553 2008

48 192 , 108 743

.

-

.

- , , ,

, , ,

, , , ,

, , , ,

251 (

) . ,

11 175 , 77

. ,

11 25 , 24 ,

, , .

,

.

G-10 9 32 , 23

. -

,

. ,

.

6 5.3

28 12 , 3 , 5 , 8

. 43 %- ,

1.5:1

.

2009

84

4 23 5.75

.

.

. 9 35 , .

6 5.83

, .

20 11 , 3 , 2 , 4 .

55 , 15 , 10 , 20

. ,

. 3.66:1

.

9

2008

, – , –

. ,

.

, 21 44 , 9 .

.

. - ,

.

.

, ,

.

. 9

4.88 .

.

33 13 , 8 , 7 , 5 .

2009

85

40 , 24 , 21

, 15 . 2.66:1

.

1.66:1 .

3 .

, .

. 3 .

12 12 , 1 .

2007 , ,

. 3

4 . 2 8

.

, ,

. 24

29 , 2 .

, , ,

,

.

.

13 2.2

1 . 26 11

, 3 , 8 , 4 . 42

, 12 , 31 , 15 .

2.8:1

. 3.5:1 .

9 2 , .

21

, 7 , ,

.

.

2009

86

. , .

3 ,

, , “ ”, “ ”

.

( ) 10

14 .

. 6

2.5 8 3 , 1 , 2 ,

2 . 1.48:1 ,

2.8: 1 2.8 .

.

3 14 ,

9

. 3 2 , 6 , 1 , 2 .

2 . ,

.

. 2007 3

. 10

.

. 2

.

14 3 5 .

.

.

. . .

17 22 .

, ,

, .

.

2009

87

7 25 .

.

23- .

. , ,

.

2001, 2007

,

. 2001 9937 2

4044

.

25 14 56% , 7 28%

, 4 16% .

, , ,

.

,

, (568,48 2), (113,65 2) . ,

, , ,

. 5 24

.

2009

88

24 4 17% , 11 46% , 1

4% , 6 25% 2 8%-

.

.

24- .

,

1990- . , .

1995 1000 - 5,7 , 0,8 , 1996

1000 - 6,4 , 1,2 .

1995 2977, 1996 3333 , 1997

3250±1071 3000-3300

(Reading R.P 1997).

2001

14 9937 2 3044

1000 - 3.1 ( . 2001).

2007

8890.77 2 956

1000 - 1.06

. 4945.8 2 2018

, 1000 - 4.08

( 2007).

2009

89

31 23-

8,743 2 80.8% . 194 (

1-41). 112 .

17 102 . 23 11-

. 1-22- ( x = 4.6, SD = 4.7). 66

, 41 , 15 , 3 , 7

. (> 2 )

, .

.

half-normal key function with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments

1,006 (SE

= 140 ). 0.275 / 2 (95% 0.137 –

0.555), 2404 (95% 1,198 - 4,852)

.

13 6

. 249 109- , 78 , 6 , 2

, 23 . 52 (190 ) distance

. 2 (hazard rate key function

with a maximum of 2 cosine adjustments, half-normal key function with maximum of 2

cosine adjustments) 530

(SE = 682 ). 1.524 / 2 (95%

0.877 – 2.65), 12,162 2

13324 (95% CI 7,671 - 23,169)

.

2009

90

16- .

2000- 3000

2001 2007

. , ,

2000

. 2009 2404

, . 2007

( , , , )

.

,

,

.

.

, . ,

.

, .

2009

91

,

.

( X = 530 )

.

,

,

.

,

.

. ,

.

, .

.

, .

, , , ,

.

200 1 2009 10- 15-

. - 10 12- 7

.

2009

92

.

1401 2 24 21-

11 .

25- .

72 . 19 142 .

1-17- ( x = 7.5, SD =4.6). 142 ,

84 , 26 , 7 , 25 .

half-normal key function

with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments

894 (SE = 1160 ).

0.595 / 2 (95% 0.298 – 1.188), 1,401 2 834

(95% 417 - 1,664) .

1

11 ( ) .

, .

2009

93

26- .

2009 10- 6- 57 , 10-

8- 11 .

, , .

.

0.6 / 2 .

, .

, .

.

11 4,010.05 2

8 3,587.6 2 , 6

494.22 2 , ,

. 2009 11 . - ,

, , , ,

2009

94

,

.

- - , , ,

, , , ,

,

.

27- .

46 293

20 (8%) , 176 (75,%) , 3(1%) , 37 (16%)

. 2-12

2007 2009

0,6%- 1,2%, 11,2%, 1,8%- .

: : : 6,7:58,7:1:12,3 .

1,7% .

98,3 .

- 58,7:1

.

2009

95

, :

2007 1.6:1 2009 4.8:1 .

,

,

, , .

2001

, 410 2 100 ,

186 2 20 , ,

410 2 110 , 886 2

10 , , , , ,

, , 957 2 200 ,

, 421 2 60 ,

342 2 20 , - 155 2

30 , 157 2 20 ,

, 126 2 110

, 3924 2 850 .

21 18- (

4,439 km2 96%). 108 6 . 90

( 2-9) . 49

. 46 293 . 1-27-

( x = 6.2, SD =5.9). 236 ,

176 , 20 , 3 , 37 .

half-normal

key function with maximum of 2 cosine adjustments

619 (SE = 1370 ).

1.084 / 2 (95% 0.339 – 3.471), 4,439 2

2330 .

2007 2001 1,5%-

2009 2007 0,7%- .

2007 2001 1,3%- , 2009 2007 30,6%-

.

2009

96

.

4800

.

.

.

1723,5 ² .

46 58 293

.

49 multiply survey

.

line transect 108

, 2 -

216 ² .

216 ² 293 .

1723,5 ² [=1723,5*293/216] 2338

.

5 1564.7 2

.

, ,

, , ,

.

2009

97

28- . , 2009

,

. ,

, - , ,

, , ,

14 75 .

.

7

,

10 (28,6%) , 16 (45,7%) , 2 (5,7%) ,

32 (20%) .

: : : 5:8:1:3,2 . :

8:1 . :

8:3,2 43,8%- . , ,

,

. 2007 2665.4 2

. 2009 21 6- .

1-20- ( x = 5.3, SD =5.1). 35 ,

16 , 10 , 2 , 7 .

2009

98

half-normal key function with maximum

of 2 cosine adjustments

703 (SE = 65 ).

0.634 / 2 (95%

0.2889 – 1.392), 4439 2 1520 (95%

1,278 - 6,179) .

. :

1.

2. ,

,

3. ,

,

4. ,

5.

.

5 (310, 75, 6, 5,35) , 1 6 , 4 , 1

.

Distance sampling

, .

,

. ,

K.

.

, , (40-50 ),

, (10- ), (10

), (60-70 ), , , (3-4),

2009

99

(15 ), , , , (100

), (10), , , (20 ),

, , , , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , ,

, , , , ,

, , , , , , ,

, , , , , ,

9825,4 2 (29- ).

, , ,

. , ,

. .

. ,

. .

,

.

1-32

. 1-5 (14 ) 41,2%-

. 1-10 70,6%- . 15-

, 17- .

15- .

% % 1- 5 14 36 41.2 11.0 6- 10 10 80 29.4 24.4 11- 15 2 24 5.9 7.3 16-20 3 55 8.8 16.8 21-25 2 44 5.9 13.4 25-30 2 57 5.9 17.4 31-35 1 32 2.9 9.8

2009

100

17- .

0.05.0

10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0

1- 5 6- 10 11- 15 16-20 21-25 25-30 31-35

% %

, 1- 22

(..- , ..- ). 1-5 (49)

69,0%- . 1-10 87,3%-

63,8% .

16- .

% % 1- 5 49 143 69.01 38.34 6- 10 13 95 18.31 25.47 11- 15 6 78 8.45 20.91 16-20 2 35 2.82 9.38 21-25 1 22 1.41 5.90

71 373 100.00 100.00 14.20 74.60 20.00 20.00

SE 8.95 21.73 12.61 5.82

18- .

2009

101

, .

, , 34 328

. 282

86.6% .

: : : 23,4: 69,9: 3,2: 3,5 .

67 .

, 841 -3,561, 4

2050 .

.

. 324 .

~ 121 32

189 . DISTANCE 1.63

/ 2 (95% 0.59 – 3.29) , 539 (95%

196-1,082) .

– 467 .

24-98, 58.1 . 4

19-223-

91.4 . 25 8

(7 , 1 ) ( 12 ). 7 .

461 (95%- 278 – 643), 191 (95%-

81 – 379), 652 (%- 359-1,022) 779

(95%- 269 – 1,289), 268 (95%-

5 – 820), 1,047 (%- 274 – 2,109)

.

( ) 2773 .

2009

102

29- .

,

, , -

.

- 2009 9, 10, 11-

.

98 941 . 1-5

35,7%- , 1-10 66,39-

. 10-

.

2009

103

16- . -

% % 1- 5 35 119 35.71 12.65 6- 10 30 230 30.61 24.44 11- 15 15 194 15.31 20.62 16-20 9 161 9.18 17.11 21-25 5 109 5.10 11.58 26-30 2 55 2 6 31-35 0 0 0 0 36-40 2 73 2 8

98 941 100 100 12.25 117.63 12.50 12.50

SE 4.75 26.78 4.85 2.85

19- .

6 22

, .

,

. -

2000 .

2009 9, 10, 11-

. 3

: : : 26,9: 41,8:

12,6: 18,7 (20- ).

2009

104

20- . -

100 ,

10 ,

10 , 120

.

30- .

2009

105

2008 12-

.

.

- .

.

, -

“ ”

10 .

.

, .

, , ,

, , , , ,

GPS, .

,

, ,

.

, ,

. 2000 ,

2005

.

. 10

3 1000- .

2 ,

.

2009

106

.

.

.

. , New Juulchin tour

1 .

( ) .

2005

( - ) 4

.

.

.

. -

.

.

-

.

.

.

, , , , ,

6 , 2 .

. .

1976 , 2 100

- . ,

. . ,

2009

107

19 140 . 139

. : : :

18,7:56,8:2,9:21,6 .

17- .

100 5,1 38,0

.

.

.

.

.

. .

-

.

2009

108

, , , ,

14 682,5 2 180

.

31- .

.

3 135 5 , 23

. , .

. ,

27 . 7

, 40

.

.

1389 2 36-61 2

.

.

2009

109

32- .

3 22 .

100 - 7

1335 2 1330

.

33- . .

2009

110

,

2009 10 18,14 (95

%- 9,193 -43,135) , 36,0 (95 %-

13,840-43,8739) . ,

.

.

,

.

-

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