His Tore Pro

8/14/2019 His Tore Pro

1/21

HistologyHistology

of theof theReproductiveReproductive

SystemSystem

Ma. Minda Luz M. Manuguid, M.D.


2/21

EmbryologyEmbryology

Until the 6Until the 6thth week of fetal life, there isweek of fetal life, there isan indifferent primordial gonad with aan indifferent primordial gonad with acortex & a medullacortex & a medulla

undifferentiated primordial genitalundifferentiated primordial genitalducts: the potential maleducts: the potential male WolffianWolffianductsducts & the potential female& the potential female MullerianMullerianductsducts


3/21


Differentiation of the Gonads &Differentiation of the Gonads &Genital Ducts:Genital Ducts:

-occurs from the 7-occurs from the 7thth to 8to 8thth weeks ofweeks offetal lifefetal life

Male differentiation is due to theMale differentiation is due to thepresence of thepresence of the

H-Y geneH-Y gene on theon theY chromosomeY chromosome thatthat

stimulates the primordial gonad tostimulates the primordial gonad todevelop into a testis (the medulla isdevelop into a testis (the medulla isstimulated, the cortex regresses),stimulated, the cortex regresses),which secreteswhich secretes TestosteroneTestosterone

Female differentiation is the `defaultFemale differentiation is the `default


4/21


Up to the 8Up to the 8thth week of fetal life, theweek of fetal life, theinternal & external accessory sexinternal & external accessory sexorgans are identical in both sexes:organs are identical in both sexes:-internally, both-internally, both Wolffian & MullerianWolffian & Mullerian

ducts are present & they both end inducts are present & they both end inthethe urogenital sinus

urogenital sinus..-externally, there is a-externally, there is a urogenital slit

urogenital slittopped by atopped by a genital tubercle

genital tubercle, walled, walled

by theby the urethral foldsurethral folds && labioscrotallabioscrotalswellingsswe

llingsDifferentiation of genitalia occursDifferentiation of genitalia occursduring the 9during the 9thth to 12to 12thth weeks of fetalweeks of fetal

life.life.


5/21

EmbryologyEmbryologyin malesin males

fetal testis secretesfetal testis secretesMRF (MullerianMRF (Mullerianregression factor)regression factor),,&& TestosteroneTestosteronethethe Wolffian ductsWolffian ducts

develop into thedevelop into theepididymis

epididymis,, vasvasdeferensdeferens,, seminalseminalvesiclesvesicles, &, &ejaculatory ducts

ejaculatory ducts

fusion of thefusion of theurethral foldsurethral foldscloses thecloses theurogenital slit &urogenital slit &

forms theforms the

corpuscor

pusspongiosum of the

spongiosum of the

in females,in females,

absence ofabsence ofTestosterone resultsTestosterone resultsin degeneration ofin degeneration ofthe Wolffian ducts;the Wolffian ducts;development of thedevelopment of theurethral folds intourethral folds intolabia minoralabia minora,,labioscrotal folds intolabioscrotal folds intolabia majoralabia ma

jora, genital, genitaltubercle into thetubercle into theclitorisclitoris, uro-genital, uro-genital

sinus intosinus into lower 2/3lower 2/3of the vaginaof the va

gina(urogenital slit(urogenital slitremains open toremains open tobecome thebecome the vaginal

vaginalopeningo

pening););absence of MRFabsence of MRF


6/21

HistologyHistology

TESTESTESTES- loops of Seminiferous- loops of Seminiferoustubules lined bytubules lined bygerminal(special)germinal(special)epithelium: strata (outerepithelium: strata (outerto inner) of developingto inner) of developingprimordial sperm-primordial sperm-atogonia--->1atogonia--->1spermatocyte--->spermatocyte--->

2spermatocyte--->2spermatocyte--->spermatid--->spermatid--->mature spermatozoamature spermatozoa- Sertoli cells-- Sertoli cells-sustentacularsustentacular

- tubuli recti empty into- tubuli recti empty into


7/21

TestisTestis


8/21

HistologyHistology

TESTIS:TESTIS:

Sertoli cells-Sertoli cells- talltall

columnar w/ largecolumnar w/ large

basal nucleus, 2basal nucleus, 2nucleoli; secretenucleoli; secrete

Androgen-bindingAndrogen-binding

protein & Inhibin;protein & Inhibin;

have a trophichave a trophicfunction infunction in

spermatogenesisspermatogenesis


9/21

TestisTestis

InterstitiumInterstitium- interstitial tissue-- interstitial tissue-between seminiferousbetween seminiferoustubules, atubules, a

continuation of thecontinuation of thetunica albuginea;tunica albuginea;contains fibroblasts &contains fibroblasts &collagen fibrils,collagen fibrils,macrophages,macrophages,

lymphocytes, mastlymphocytes, mastcellscells-- interstitial cells ofinterstitial cells ofLeydig-Leydig- in smallin smallgroups, w/centralgroups, w/centralround nucleus, well-round nucleus, well-


10/21

HistologyHistology

OVARIESOVARIES- germinal- germinalepitheliumepithelium- cortex contains- cortex contains

Graafian follicles inGraafian follicles indifferent stages ofdifferent stages ofdevelopmentdevelopment- medulla contains- medulla contains

loosely packedloosely packedconnective tissue,connective tissue,coiled bloodcoiled bloodvessels, nerves,vessels, nerves,lymphatics, retelymphatics, rete

ovarii-ovarii-anastomosinganastomosing


11/21

Ovarian (Graafian) FolliclesOvarian (Graafian) Follicles


12/21

Graafian follicleGraafian follicle

GraafianGraafianfollicle:follicle:OocyteOocyteFollicularFollicularepitheliumepithelium Granulosa cellsGranulosa cells Theca internaTheca interna Theca externaTheca externa

AntrumAntrumLiquor folliculiLiquor folliculiZona pellucidaZona pellucida


13/21

corpus luteum & corpuscorpus luteum & corpus

albicansalbicans


14/21


15/21

The UterusThe Uterus

Endometrium Endometrium

endometrial glandsendometrial glands

lined by simplelined by simple

columnarcolumnarepitheliumepithelium

Myometrium Myometrium

smooth musclesmooth muscle

fibers; thickestfibers; thickest

Perimetrium Perimetrium

fibrous tissuesfibrous tissues


16/21

Fallopian tubeFallopian tube

Simple columnarSimple columnar

epitheliumepithelium

Lamina propriaLamina propria

Smooth musclesSmooth muscles

Fibrous connectiveFibrous connective

trissuetrissue


17/21

Vagina & External GenitaliaVagina & External Genitalia

VaginaVagina:: mucosa- non-kerat. str. squamousmucosa- non-kerat. str. squamous

epithepith lamina propria- loose areolar CT,lamina propria- loose areolar CT,

many BVsmany BVs muscularis- inner circ., outer long.muscularis- inner circ., outer long.

smooth muscles & skeletal musclessmooth muscles & skeletal musclesform a sphincter; elastic fibersform a sphincter; elastic fibersExternal GenitaliaExternal GenitaliaLabia minora-Labia minora- many sebaceous glandsmany sebaceous glands& melanin; enclose the vestibule w/& melanin; enclose the vestibule w/

Bartholins glandsBartholins glands--


18/21

Testicular DuctsTesticular Ducts

Tubuli rectiTubuli recti && rete testis-rete testis- simplesimplecuboidal epith., many cells w/ flagellacuboidal epith., many cells w/ flagellaEfferent Ductules-Efferent Ductules- lined bylined bynonciliated cuboidal cells; gatherednonciliated cuboidal cells; gathered

into the coni vasculosi, then into theinto the coni vasculosi, then into theEpididymisEpididymis- pseudostratifiedpseudostratifiedcolumnar cells with stereocilia:columnar cells with stereocilia:principal cells & basal cells; smoothprincipal cells & basal cells; smooth

muscle layer for peristalsis to propelmuscle layer for peristalsis to propelspermatozoaspermatozoaDuctus Deferens-Ductus Deferens- pseudostratifiedpseudostratifiedcolumnar cells w/ stereocilia; laminacolumnar cells w/ stereocilia; lamina

propria; 3 smooth mm. layerspropria; 3 smooth mm. layers


19/21

Seminal Vesicles, Prostate,Seminal Vesicles, Prostate,

Cowpers glandsCowpers glands

Seminal vesicles-Seminal vesicles- paired diverticula ofpaired diverticula ofvas deferens; mucosa w/ numerousvas deferens; mucosa w/ numerousfolds- cuboidal/low columnar cellsfolds- cuboidal/low columnar cellssecrete viscous lt. yellow fluid withsecrete viscous lt. yellow fluid withPGs, muco- proteins, & fructosePGs, muco- proteins, & fructose

Prostate gland-Prostate gland- 30-50 main glands30-50 main glandssecrete opalescent slightly acidic (phsecrete opalescent slightly acidic (ph6) fluid w/ acid phosphatase,6) fluid w/ acid phosphatase,fibrinolysin, zinc, citric acid; lowfibrinolysin, zinc, citric acid; low

columnar pseudostratified epith w/columnar pseudostratified epith w/


20/21

The PenisThe Penis

Corpus spongiosum-Corpus spongiosum- ventral midlineventral midlineerectile tissue that ends with theerectile tissue that ends with theglans penis(head)glans penis(head)Corpora cavernosa-Corpora cavernosa- 1 erectile tissues1 erectile tissues

of the penis; paired, run the entireof the penis; paired, run the entirelength of the penislength of the penisTunica albuginea-Tunica albuginea- dense fibrous CTdense fibrous CTsurrounding the corporasurrounding the corpora

Meissners corpuscles-Meissners corpuscles- tactiletactilereceptors numerous in penile skinreceptors numerous in penile skindermisdermisGlands of Littr-Glands of Littr- diverticula of thediverticula of thepenile urethra, small nests ofpenile urethra, small nests of


21/21

Thank You !Thank You !

Documents

His Tore Pro