Huong Dan Hiren 15.2

5/25/2018 Huong Dan Hiren 15.2

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Hng Dn S Dng HirensBoot MIT Team Hng dn: Middle

Lu hnh ni b: MIT Team |1|


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Li Ni uThn i cho tt c cc bn, nhc n Hirens_Boot chc hn khng cn xa l g i v

K Thut Vin, hay i vi nhng ngi am m tin hc, cc vc s. Tht s Hiren ang

thng tr trong ngh sa cha my tnh ( rt rt cn thit dng nh khng th thiu )

Hiren's BootCD l mt CD Boot ( Khi ng ) m cha trong n c rt nhiu chngtrnh, cng c khc nhau nh theo di,chnh sa phn vng, sao lu, phc hi d liu khmt, kim tra sc khe cng..v.v....i vi ngi am hiu cc tnh nng, trong vic s dng Hiren cu h my tnh th

NgcKhnh khng ni lm g, bi cc cao th y c b dy kinh nghim hc hi, cngnh kinh nghim t thc tin m c c. Nhng i vi nhng ngi mi tip xc, angtm hiu, ang my m, tp tnh ngm cu my tnhth ci tn Hirens Boot CD vi h th nghe vn cn l lm. Nhn v Hirens h c ng l mt khu rng rm. Qu

tht vy, Hirens BootCD n mang trong mnh mt sc mnh tim tng, khng th thiumi khi cu h my tnh.S dng n nh th no? Hiu qu lm vic ca n ra sao?,. l cu hi ca rt nhiu bn cha bit hay mi bit s qua.

p ng c nhu cu tm hiu, hay hc hi ca mi ngi cho cng vic cu h mytnh,Ngc Khnh mnh dn tip ni ght chn ca cc bc cao th, cc bc tin bitrcvit bi Hng dn S Dng Hirens Boot. Thc ra, kin thc ca mnh cha tu c, vn cn rt non tr nn mnh khng dm vit bi nhiu, ch vit c my bi thiah, cn li l coppy, su tm, lm lt cc bi vit hay, b ch t rt nhiu ngun khcnhau, v gom li thnh bu bi cho ring mnh.( Cc bi vit ca nhiu cao th trn rt

nhiu din n ---nm 1 cch ri rc)Vic lm ca mnh ch c mt nim, 1 hoi bo, 1 k vng l lm sao cho nn Tin Hcnc nh c phn thnh, pht trin hn. Ngoi ra khng c nim ngng cung ma ru qua mt th.( V mnh cng chng gii hn ai ).c ci am m, mnh c hi kin ca rt nhiu cao th, cc anh, cc bn rt nhit tnh ng h.

Th tht l vn phong ca mnh rt lng cng, vit bi d t, nhng mnh c gng spxp, sao cho hp l, sao cho ai c cng c th hiu c v cng c th c kin thc cu h my tnh.

Tuy cha thc s l nhiu, v thi gian c hn nn mnh ch cp n cch s dngcc Soft Sng cn ca Hiren, cc chiu, th thut cu h my tnh cc hay.( theomnh th n hay)

Bi vit chc hn cn rt nhiu thiu st, mong cc bn ng gp kin, mnh shon thin hn, Rt mong c s quan tm, chia s ca cc bn. Chn thnh cmn.


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hon thin bi vitny, M iddlexin trn trng gi li cm n ti ton th cc anhem, cc bc tin bi trn din nVN-Zoom, Bkav, Ghost Viet,. c nhng bi vit hay, b ch, v c bit l dnhtnh cm u i, tin tng Middle., cho mnh nhng li khuyn chn thnh, s chbo nhit tnh, cng vi s khch l ng vin. Chc tt c anh em, mt sc khe dido, mt nim tin vng chc.

Bt : Middle

Hng Dn S Dng HirensBootCD

Cch Ty Chnh Bios Boot Hirens hayBoot Windows

Bn ang cn truy cp vo BIOS iu chnh mt vi thng s, hay n gin bnmun chnh cho my tnh ca mnh khi ng t USB/CD thay v khi ng vo cng. Di y l mt s cch ng nhp khu rng ( Bios ) ivi 1 s dng my

Lu : Cc thao tc ny ch thc hin khi bn ang mi trng khi ng (Lcva m my hoc va khi ng li my), ch khng c tc dng trong mi trngh iu hnh. Thng thng nu quan st k bn s hng dn ngay khi khi ngmy, tuy nhin mn hnh ny ch hin ra trong vi giy, do khi my tnh va khing bn nn bm ngay nh

My tnh Sony Vaio

Vo Bios > nhn F2Recovery > nhn F10 boot vo a CD/DVD th cc bn cho a vo a ri khi ng li my, my s tng boot vo a.(v dng SONY mc nh l boot CD/DVD u tin ri).

My tnh HPCompaq


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Vo Bios > nhn F10Chn boot > nhn F9Recovery > nhn F11

My tnh Lenovo - IBM

Vo Bios > nhn F1 c my l F2Chn boot > nhn F12Recovery > nhn phm xanh ThinkVantage

My tnh Dell

Vo Bios > nhn F2Chn boot > nhn F12Recovery > nhn F8 ri chn Repair your Computer

My tnh Acer - Emachines - MSI - Gateway

Chn Boot > nhn F12Vo BIOS > nhn F2(thng chc nng Menu boot b Disible phi vo Enale mi bm F12 c)

My tnh Asus

Vo BIOS > nhn F2

Chn Boot > nhn ESC

My tnh Toshiba

Lun phi n phm ESC ri n lin tc F1 hoc F2 ty vo dng my, i my.

i vi cc dng my khng c trong danh sch trn, vo BIOS bn c th th lnlt cc phm DEL, F1, F2, F10 y l cc phm thng dng vo BIOS cho tt c cci my, i vi cc my tnh bn, phm DEL v phm F2 l 2 phm c s dng nhiunht.


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Lu : Khi thay i cc thit lp trong BIOS c th lm cho my tnh khng khi ngc hoc c kh nng b mn hnh xanh, khng nhn thit b. Hy cn thn vi tngthit lp m bn thay i, nu khng tin chc vo kh nng ca mnh, bn nn lin hvi Trung tmgn nht c h tr thm. Chc bn thnh cng

Cc bn s c tm hiu tht k v cc ty chnh cc thng s trong Bios (bi vitny)

Di y l v d i vi my tnh ca mnh, mnh ng nhp Bios v ty chnh sao choBoot t a DVD/CD Hirens Boothoc boot t USB flash

a)Khi ng sao cho mc nh l boot t DVD/CD

My tnh ca mnh mun vo Bios Setup th nhn phm F2

Giao din khi vo ti Bios nh sau :


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Nh cc bn thy trn : ti tab Boot

Nh bnh thng th ci dng CD-ROM Drives khng hng u. y NgcKhnh ty chnh sao cho dng ln u hng.Nu cc bn mun ln sau khi khng my m khi ta b a Boot vo m n t ng boot t DVD th chuyn dng CD

ROM Drive ln hng u tinnh hnh trn---- nhn phm F10 lu li cc tychnh mi thao tc

( Lu thay v mun boot mc nh t USB thay v t CD ) th ta cng thao tc tngt nh trn. Nu cc bn cm USB th khi vo Bios th ta s thy xut hin ci tnUSB v ta ch vic chn nmthi .

b) Cch v ( Menu Boot nhanh ) -- ci ny th ch c hiu lc trong ln m bn tcnghip vi Bios thi cn ln sau mun Boot bng thit b no m bn munth li thaotc li

V giao din ca Menu Boot nh sau :


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giao din ny th cc bnthch cho my tnh ca mnh khi ng t thit b no thcc bn ch cn dng phm di chuyn ln xung ti mc cn chnv nhn Enter. Cngnh mnh ni trn kia l nu cc bn thc s kt ni USB vi my tnh th giaodin ca Menu Boot s xut hin USB ca cc bn

Cch ghi a Hirens Boot.

Burn file Hirens ra DVD th c nhiu cch chng hn nh dngphn mmNero, Ultraiso,CDBurnerXP, Burn Aware Free Edition,.v.vTy theo tnh nng nng nh m mi ngi la chn cho mnh mt tools hu ch nht thc hin cc cng vic ca mnhRing Ngc Khnh th vi tiu ch : nh, nhanh chng, tin li, c ng, cht lngtt,.nn mnh thng hay dung cc soft portable ( khng ci t ).

Mnh s hng dn cc bn Burn file ISO Hirenn Boot ra aCD/DVD bng chng trnhUltraiso:

Chun b :

- Cc bn cnc mt a DVD hay CD trng ( cha ghi d liu trn ).trn thtrng c bn rt nhiu, ty theo dung lng ca file ISO m cc bn cn Burn mc th chn mua a DVD hay CD.(CD th dung lng c 700MB, cn DVD cdung lng l 4.7GB)

- m bo rng ghi ca cc bn cn hot ng tt.

- iu na l cc bn tm trn mng cc bn Hiren Boot no m ng nht, koem n v a e n ln tht( l Burn e n ra a )Cch Thc hin :

Ci t v M chng trnh Ultraiso ln vi giao din nh sau :


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Cc bn lm theo hnh trn v xut hin giao din sau :

Cc bn nn chn tc ghi va phi trnh cht lng a khng c tt.


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Cui cng nhn nt Burnnh hnh di y.

Trong qu trnh Burn a, cc bn tt nht l khng nn nng vi tt giao din chng trnh

Ultraiso khi n thng bo l Burn thnh cng.Khi chng trnh thng bo nh th th cc bn vn c chu kh i cho ti khi no m a ca chng ta t ng y a ra. l ta ghi xong a Hiren ri , v gi th c th s dng ci a mi ghi cho viccu h my tnh ri. Chc cc bn thnh cng.Mun boot a Hiren mi ghi th cc bn nh c hng dn trn phn thit lp cc tychnh Bios boot DVD,

Cch to USB boot Hiren

C 2 cch nh sau : tin cho vic hng dn th mnh ly file ISO Hiren ca mnh lmv d

Cch 1 : To Group4Dos---> Cc bc thc hin nh sau :

Bc 1: m bo my tnh kt ni vi USB


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Bc 2: Ti cng c USB Format Tools ti y :http://upfile.vn/9b06

Chy chng trnh ny ln vi giao din nh sau: (vi Windows Vista v Windows 7 tytrng hp, cc bn phi Click phi vo file usb_format.exe chn Run as administratorri lm theo hng dn)

Chn USB cn format (1): nu c nhiu usb ang cm vo my hoc nhiu cng trnmy, cc bn ch chn chnh xc usb mun lm boot, khng th nguy him lm

Chn file system l Fat 32 (2), t tn Volume Label v d: NK, sau Start (3) nhhnh trn format USB BOOT.

Bc 3: Ti cng c Grub4dos ti y :http://upfile.vn/9b2p

v lm theo hnh hng dn sau :
http://upfile.vn/9b06http://upfile.vn/9b06http://upfile.vn/9b06http://upfile.vn/9b2phttp://upfile.vn/9b2phttp://upfile.vn/9b2phttp://upfile.vn/9b2phttp://upfile.vn/9b06


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Sau khi Click Install ci t s c mt ca s Command Prompt hin ra bo InstallSuccess ( ci t thnh cng), cc bn nhn Enter thot khi chng trnh.


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Bc 3: Vo trong th mc HBCD Trong file ISO Hiren's copy 2 file l : grldr vmenu.lst ( copy vo trc tip USB ) hnh nh sau:

Bc 4: v sau l copy ton b cc file Trong file ISO Hiren's vo trc tip USB,


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copy xong th ta c th dng USB cho cng vic cu h c ri

Cch 2 : Boot Trc Tip file ISO Hiren's ca mnh lun

Lm tng t nh cch 1 cho ti bc 3 : Tip theo l lm nh sau :

Nu mun boot bn Hiren's ca mnh , th bn nh i tn bn trong ca File Hiren's Bootlun nhen,ngha l m file iso ca mnh ln, v Rename li sao cho ging tn vi code boot, sau Save li, ra ngoi i tnfile tng t, ngha l nh sau :


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sau dng code sau boot cho USB hoc HDD nh:

title Start Hiren's BootCD

find --set-root --ignore-floppies /Hiren.iso

map /Hiren.iso (hd32)

map --hook

root (hd32)

chainloader (hd32)boot

Hoc

title Start Hiren's BootCDfind --set-root /Hiren.isomap --mem /Hiren.iso (hd32)


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map --hookchainloader (hd32)

Th l to xong USB cu h ri , cng vic cn li l cc bn ty chnh Bios boot USB thi

Lu cho trng hp m khi boot vo winmini XP th trn Destop khng xut hin iconca chng trnh no ht

khc phc tnh trng ta lm nh sau :

l do boot t file iso. Khi boot vo winxpmini, u tin bn mout file iso vo a o.Tip theo cc bn m cmd ln, t dng lnh dos bn g ln nh saurestartshell.cmd v enter. i cht s c menu. Chc bn thnh cng nh

Cch S Dng Mt S cc Cng C Trong Hirens

A-Nhm Hard Disk Tools

Phn 1:Khi nim, nh dng phn vng, cc loi phn vng v nguyn tc phn vng.

1.1. Khi nim Phn vng (Partition)

Phn vng (partition): l tp hp cc vng ghi nh d liu trn cc cylinder gn nhauvi dung lng theo thit t ca ngi s dng s dng cho cc mc ch s dng

khc nhau.

S phn chia phn vng gip cho a cng cth nh dng cc loi tp tin khc nhau c th ci t nhiu h iu hnh ng thi trn cng mt a cng.


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V d: trong mt a cng c th thit lp mt phn vng c nh dng FAT/FAT32cho h iu hnh Windows 9X/Me v mt vi phn vng NTFS cho h iu hnhWindows NT/2000/XP/Vista/Win7 vi li th v bo mt trong nh dng loi ny(mc d cc h iu hnh ny c th s dng cc nh dng c hn).

Phn chia phn vng khng phi l iu bt buc i vi cc a cng n lm vic(mtvi hng sn xut my tnh c nhn nguyn chic ch thit t mt phn vng duynht khi ci sn cc h iu hnh vo my tnh khi bn ra), chng ch gip cho ngi sdng c th ci t ng thi nhiu h iu hnh trn cng mt my tnh hoc gip vicqun l cc ni dung, lu tr, phn loi d liu c thun tin v ti u hn, trnh s

phn mnh ca cc tp tin.

Nhng li khuyn di y gip s dng a cng mt cch ti u hn:

Phn vng cha h iu hnh chnh: thng nn thit lp phn vng cha h iu hnhti cc vng cha pha ngoi ra ca a t (outer zone) bi vng ny c tc c/ghicao hn, dn n s khi ng h iu hnh v cc phn mm khi ng v lm vicc nhanh hn. Phn vng ny thng c gn tn l C.

Phn vng cha h iu hnh khng nn cha cc d liu quan trng bi chng d bvirus tn cng (hn cc phn vng khc), vic sa cha khc phc s c nu khng thn

trng c th lm mt ton b d liu ti phn vng ny.

Phn vng cha d liu thng xuyn truy cphoc thay i: nhng tp tin a phngtin (multimedia) nu thng xuyn c truy cp hoc cc d liu lm vic khc nnt ti phn vng th hai ngay sau phn vng cha h iu hnh. Sau khi quy hoch,nn thng xuyn thc thi tc v chng phn mnh tp tin trn phn vng ny.

Phn vng cha d liu t truy cp hoc t b sa i: nn t ring mt phn vng cha


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cc d liu t truy cp hoc b thay i nh cc b ci t phn mm. Phn vng nynn t sau cng, tng ng vi v tr ca n gn khuvc tm ca a (inner zone).

(C nhiu phn mm c th s dng quy hoch cc phn vng a cng: fdisk trongDOS, Disk

1.2. nh dng phn vng

La chn nh dng cc phn vng l hnh ng tip sau khi quy hoch phn vng acng. Tu thuc vo cc h iu hnh s dng m cn la chn cc kiu nh dng sdng trn a cng. Mt s nh dng s dng trong cc h iu hnh h Windows cth l:

FAT(File Allocation Table): chun h tr DOS v cc h iu hnh h Windows9X/Me (v cc h iu hnh sau). Phn vng FAT h tr di tn 11 k t (8 k ttn v 3 k t m rng) trong DOS hoc 255 k t trong cc h iu hnh 32 bit nh

Windows 9X/Me. FAT c th s dng 12 hoc 16 bit, dung lng ti a mt phn vngFAT ch n 2 GB d liu. FAT32(File Allocation Table, 32-bit): tng t nh FAT, nhng n c h tr bt

u t h iu hnh Windows 95 OSR2 v ton b cc h iu hnh sau ny. Dunglng ti a ca mt phn vng FAT32 c th ln ti 2 TB (2.048 GB).

NTFS(Windows New Tech File System): c h tr bt u t cc h iu hnh hNT/2000/XP/Vista/Win7. Mt phn vng NTFS c th c dung lng ti a n 16Exabytes.Khng ch c th, cc h iu hnh h Linux s dng cc loi nh dng tp tin ring.

- Format: Format l s nh dng cc vng ghi d liu ca a cng. Tu theo tngyu cu m c th thc hin s nh dng ny cc th loi cp thp hay s nh dngthng thng.

+ Format cp thp

Format cp thp (low-level format) l s nh dng li cc track, sector, cylinder (baogm c cc khu vc trnh by trong phn sector). Format cp thp thng c cchng sn xut thc hin ln u tin trc khi xut xng cc a cng. Ngi sdng ch nn dng cc phn mm ca chnh hng sn xut format cp thp (cng cccphn mm ca hng khc nhng c th cc phn mm ny khng nhn bit ngcc thng s ca a cng khi tin hnh nh dng li).

Khi cc cng lm vic nhiu nm lin tc hoc c cc khi h hng xut hinnhiu, iu ny c hai kh nng: s lo ho tng th hoc s r ro ca cc phn c kh

bn trong a cng. C hai trng hp ny u dn n mt s khng ng tin cy khilu tr d liu quan trng trn n, do vic nh dng cp thp c th ko di thmmt cht thi gian lm vic ca acng lu cc d liu khng my quan trng.Format cp thp gip cho s c/ghi trn cc track ang b lch lc tr thnh ph hp


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hn khi cc track c nh dng li (c th hiu n gin rng nu u c/ghi btu lm vic dch v mt bin pha no ca track th sau khi format cp thp cc uc/ghi s lm vic ti tm ca cc track mi).

Khng nn lm dng format cp thp nu nh a cng ca bn ang hot ng bnhthng bi s nh dng li ny c th mang li s ri ro: do s thao tcsai ca ngi

dng, cc vn x l trong bo mch ca a cng. Nu nh mt a cng xut hinmt vi khi h hng th ngi s dng nn dng cc phn mm che du n bi khng chc do s hot ng r ro ca phn cng.

+ Format thng thng

nh dng mc cao (high-level format) l cc hnh thc format thng thng m aphn ngi s dng tng thc hin (chng ch c gi tn nh vy phn bitvi format cp thp) bi cc lnh sn c trong cc h iu hnh (DOS hoc Windows),hnh thcformat ny c th c hai dng:

Format nhanh (quick): n thun l xo v tr lu tr cc k t u tin h iu hnhhoc cc phn mm c th ghi d liu mi ln cc d liu c. Nu mun formatnhanh: s dng tham s /q vi lnh trong DOS hoc chn quick format trong hpla chn ca lnh h iu hnh Windows.

Format thng thng: xo b cc d liu c v ng thi kim tra pht hin khi hhng (bad block), nh du chng chng khng cn c v tnh s dng n trongcc phin lm vic sp ti (nu khng c s nh du ny, h iu hnh s ghi d liuvo khi h hng m n khng bo li - tuy nhin khi c li d liu ghi mi lvn nghim trng).i vi b nh Flash th cng khng nn format nhiu d lmhng a.

+ Tham s khi format

dng format cp thp: cc thng s thit t phn nhiu do phn mm ca hng snxut xc nhn khi bn nhp vo cc thng s nhn thy c trn a cng (Model,serial number...) nn cc thng s ny cn tuyt i chnh xc nhm trnh s tht bikhi tin hnh.

dng format thng thng: nu l hnh thc format nhanh (quick) th cc thng sc gi nguyn nh ln format gn nht, cn li c mt thng s m ngi tin hnhformat cn cn nhc la chn l kch thc n v (nh nht) ca nh dng l clustertrong Windows XP (mc Allocation unit size trong hp thoi la chn format). Kchthc cluster c th la chn bt u t 512 byte bi khng th nh hn kch thccha d liu ca mt sector (vi kch thc mt sector thng dng nht l 512 byte).Cc kch thc cn li c th l: 1024, 2048, 4096 vi quy nh gii hn ca tng loinh dng (FAT/FAT32 hay NTFS).S la chn quan trng nht l phn vng cn nh dng s dng ch yu cha cctp tin c kch thc nh th no. hiu hn v la chn, xin xem mt v d sau: Nulu mt tp tin text ch c dung lng 1 byte (bn hy th to mt tp tin text v nh 1k t vo ) th trn a cng s phi dng n t nht 512 byte cha tp tin ny


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vi vic la chn kch thc n v l 512 byte, cn nu la chn cluster bng 4096byte th kch thc lng ph s l 4096 - 1 = 4095 byte.

Nu nh la chn kch thc cluster c kch thc kh nh th cc bng FAT hoc cctp tin MFT (Master File Table) trong nh dng NTFS li tr ln ln hn.

Nh vy ta nhn thy: nu a cng s dng cho cc tp tin do cc phn mm vnphng thng ngy (Winword, bng tnh excel...), nn chn kch thc nh: 1024 hoc2048 byte. Nu cha cc tp tin l dng cc b ci t phn mm hoc cc tp tin video,nn chn kch thc ny ln hn. c bit cc cng nh dnh cho thit b di ngth s la chn thng l 512 byte (y cng thng l la chn khi format cc loi thnh). Windows c th cho bn bit mt tp tin kch thc thc (size) ca n v kchthc cha trn a (size on disk) ca n bng cch bm chut phi v chn Properties.iu ny gip bn c th nhn ra s lng ph nu. Phn mm Partition Magic caSymantec c th so snh vic la chn kch thc cc cluster trn mt phn vng tn tid liu.

1.3. Cc loi phn vng, nguyn tc phn vng

- C 5 loi phn vng trong h thng my X86: Primary; Extended; Logical; NTFS;Non-DOS.- Nguyn tc:

i vi Primary: l phn vng u tin v thng l duy nht trn a cng ci tiu hnh, ch c Windows NT v cc phin bn sau ca Linux th c th khi ngtrn phn vng Extended. C ti a 4 phn vng Primary trn mt cng hoc 3 phn

vng Primary v 1 phn vng Extended. i vi Extended: ch tn ti khi c t nht mt phn vng Primary. Phn vng ny c

th chim mt phn trng cn li ca a hay ch chim mt phn. Phn cn li c thcha phn vng NTFS hay Non-DOS.

i vi Logical: trong phn vng Extended phi c t nht 1 phn vng Logical nubn mun DOS hay Windows truy cp n a cng thng qua ch ci i din. Nuc phn vng Extended m khng c phn vng Logical trong n th bt c h iuhnh no cng c th thay i phn vng Extended thnh phn vng Non-DOS.

i vi NTFS: phn vng NTFS thng c cc phin bn Windows s dng. Hiu hnh Dos v Windows 8x, Me khng c kh nng truy cp n phn vng ny.

i vi Non-DOS: phn vng Non-DOS l phn vng khng c DOS hocWindows h tr.


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Phn 2:Cch chia a cng, nh dng, phn vng trong mi trng DOS (cng c ctrong a Hirens BootCD, DVD)

I/Phn Vng Vi Soft : Partition Magic Pro 8.05

a) To Phn Vng

y l ton b giao din ca chng trnh (hnh bn di):

- to 1 phn vng mi, click vo menuOperations-> Create...


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- i vi 1 cng mi th vic u tin l to1 phn vng chnh ci t h iuhnh. Trong ca sCreate Partitionchn cc thng s sauCreate as: Primary PartitionPartition Type: y l nh dng phn vng, bn thch xi FAT th chn FAT hoc

NTFS th click chn NTFS. y mnh chnNTFS.Label: thch tn g th bn t tn cho phn vng (k t cng k sao).Size: y l kch thc phn vng bn s to (nu l phn vng ci HH th nn chokch thc khong 40GB = 40960MB).


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- Sau nhnOK hon tt vic la chn thng s.

- Phn vng c to s l vng mu hng.

- phn vng c th boot c th taphi tin hnh Active cho phn vng va to.- Click chn phn vng, vo menu chnOperations-> Advanced-> Set Active...


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-NhnOK ng .

- Phn vng c set Active s xut hin ch Active ti ct Status


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- cc bc to ny gi c hiu lc th phi bm nt Apply chng trnh bt uthc hin thao tc to phn vng v set Active cho phn vng .

- Chng trnh s hi bn c mun thc hin cng vic ny gi lm k ? chnYes


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- Sau khi to xong chng trnh yu cn bnreset li my -> chnOK reset my.

2 - To cc phn vng ph (Logical)

- Sau khi reset -> tip tc chn Partition Magic Pro nh bc u tin- Sau khi vo chng trnh, bn click vo phn vng cha to c mu xm -> chnmenu Operations-> Create...


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- Ti ca sCreate Partitionthit lp cc thng s sau :Create as: Logical PartitionPartition Type: nh dng no ty bn ( y ti chn NTFS)Size: kch thc phn vng tnh bng MB nu k d nh chia ra nhiu th c th nguyn s mc nh trong khung.

- Nhn OK hon t- Vng mu xanh l Extend, vng ny s l ni cha tt c cc phn vng Logical


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-NhnApply chng trnh bt u thc hin qu trnh va thit lp.


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-> sau khi hon tt xong xui,cc bn click ntExit thot chng trnh v restarli my.

Kt thc vic to mi phn vng v set active cho phn vng ci HH. Cng vic tiptheo l bn ci cho my 1 HH m bn thch.

Lu : i vi mi cng bn ch c php to ti a 4phn vng chnh

(Primary) hoc 3 phn vng chnh (Primary) v 1 phn vng Extend.

b) Xa phn vng (parti tion)

Khi xa phn vng, chng trnh i hi bn phi xa phn vng Logical trc ri mic xa phn vng Extended.

- Xa phn vng Primary v Logical: bn bm phm phi chut vo phn vng Primaryhay Logical ri chn Delete trong menu ng cnh (hay chn phn vng ri m menuOperations > chn Delete) (hnh di):


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Chn phn vng xa

Khi hp thoi Delete Partition xut hin, bn g OK vo Type OK to confirmpartition deletion xc nhn xa phn vng ny. Sau , bm nt OK. (hnh bndi):

- Xa phn vng Extended: sau khi xa tt c phn vng Logical xong, bn bm phmphi chut vo phn vng Extended ri chn Delete trong menu ng cnh


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Chn phn vng Extended xa. Khi hp thoi Delete Partition xut hin, bn bmnt Yes xc nhn (nh hnh bn di):

- Tin hnh xa phn vng: sau khi kt thc vic xa phn vng, bn bm nt Apply ribm nt Yes trong hp thoi Apply Changes chng trnh Tin hnh ghi cc thay li a tht s (theo hnh bn di):

Bm nt Apply v Yes Tin hnh ghi li cc thay i ca a.

c) Phc hi phn vng: bn c th phc hi phn vng FAT, FAT32, NTFS, Linux.Ch :


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Bn ch phc hi khi khng gian ca phn vng b xa cha c s dng. Bn ch c th phc hi ln lt nu c nhiu phn vng b xa v chng trnh ch

hin th danh sch tng phn vng mi ln chy. Bn khng th phc hi nu phn vng b xa c li h thng file. Bn khng th phc hi phn vng Primary nu a c n 4 phn vng primary.

d) Thay i kch thc phn vng: t giao din hin th cc phn vng (nh hnhbn di)

y chng ta nhn thy c 3 phn vng l Win (cha HH) (3GB), DATA(3GB) vGIAI TRI(2GB). Yu cu t ra l thay i dung lng ca C: t 3GB thnh 2GB vtng dung lng ca D t 3GB ln 4GB. Chng ta s thc hin cc bc nh sau:- C: gim kch thc phn vng t 3GB thnh 2GB th ta Click phi chut ln phnvng WIN (C), chn Resize/Move(hnh bn di):


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Xut hin ca s thay i kch thc phn vng (hnh bn di):

in dung lng mi cho phn vng phn New Size (theo yu cu bn in 2000), mcnh phn dung lng cn tha s y v pha sau v tip tc Click OK.y l phn vng sau khi thc hin gim kch thc C (hnh bn di):


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- D: tng dung lng ca t 3GB ln 4GB

T hnh trn cc bn s thy pha di phn vng WIN (C) c d ra 1 phn vng chac thit t l gn 1GB (phndung lng ny tha ra sau khi gim dung lng ca (C) v n nm pha trc (D) (c th quan st trn s , khi mu hng biu th cc a to v khi mu xm l nhng phn dung lng cn d, cha c to). Tiptheo, Click phi chut ln phn vng DATA (D), chn Resize/Move. Ca s thay idung lng cho phn vng D (hnh bn di):


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Ti y, bn c th: dng chut ko phn bin khi mu hng sang che lp khi muxm. Thay i thng s phn Free Space Before v gi tr 0 v thay i thng s

phn New Size thnh 4000 (4GB) sau Click OK chp nhn cui cng ClickApply/Yes.

- Ch : khi thay i hoc di chuyn phn vng

Khng th thu nh phn vng nu trong phn vng khng cn khng gian trng. Khng th m rng phn vng nu khngc khng gian trng k bn phn vng. Trong thi gianiu chnh kch thc hay di chuyn phn vng NTFS, nu c trc trc

phn vng ny c th b h hng.

e) Cch ghp (st nhp) hai phn vng thnh 1 phn vng

Bn c th st nhp hai phn vng D v Eli thnh mt phn vng D, ton b d liutrong phn vng D hay E s c chuyn thnh mt th mc trong phn vng cn li(tuy nhin, bn cng nn sao lu cc d liu c nhn m bo an ton cho d c binc bt ng).

Cch lm c th nh sau:

- Bn bm phm phi chut vo phn vng E trn thanh Partition Map ri chn Mergetrong menu ng cnh (hnh bn di):


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- Bn chn phng cch xc nhp trong phn Merge Options ca hp thoi MergeAdjacent Partitions theo hnh minh ha bn di:

Chn ty chn 1, nu mun cho DATA 1 ( D) tr thnh mt th mc ca DATA 2 (E). Chn ty chn 2, nu mun cho DATA 2 tr thnh mt th mc ca DATA 1.+ Ngha l Partition bn chn s c chuyn thnh mt th mc nm trn 1 Partitioncnh n.+ Partitions cnh Partition bn chn s c chuyn thnh 1 th mc trn Partition m

bn chn.Ta gi Partition b chuyn thnh th mc l Partition khch; Partition cn li l Partitionch.

Sau khi ghp, Partition mi s c kch thc bng tng kch thc ca 2 Partition con.

Bn t tn cho th mc lu tr ni dung ca phn vng b mt khi st nhp trong phn

Merge Folder ri bm OK. Cui cng, bm nt Apply Partition Magic Tin hnh ghicc thay i li a cng.

- Ch :

Bn ch c th ghp 2 Partitionnm cnh nhau (2 Partition nm cnh nhau trong bnglit k).


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Gia 2 phn vng cn ghp (nhp) khng c c phn vng th 3 v bn khng thghp phn vng FAT/FAT32 vi phn vng NTFS

Qu trnh ghp c th s c thc hin trong thi gian di nu nh d liu trong 2Partition ghp v c ghp l ln.

f) Chuyn i kiu File h thng ca phn vng (Partition)

chuyn i kiu file h thng ta chn 1 Partition trong bng lit k, vo MenuOperatitions ri chn Convert hoc Click chut phi ln Partition trong bng lit k richn Convert. Mt Menu s xut hin (hnh bn di):

Bn c th chn mt trong cc kiu chuyn i:

T FAT sang FAT32, HPFS hoc NTFS T FAT32 sang FAT T NTFS sang FAT hoc FAT32

Ngoi ra bn cng c th chuyn 1 Partitiont Logical thnh Primary v ngc li.

Ch : sao lu d liu trc khi thc hin qu trnh chuyn i.

g) Cc thao tc nng cao

Chn 1 Partition trong bng lit k, vo Menu Operations/Advanced hoc Click chutphi ln Partition ri chn Advanced nh hnh bn di:


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- Bad Sector Retset: kim tra cc sector c nh du l bad trn a cng xem thn cn s dng c na hay khng.

- Hide Partition: lm n partition; partition sau khi lm n th h iu hnh s khngcn nhn ra c na. lm xut hin li partition, bn chn lnh Unhide partition(nu bn chn Advanced trn 1 partition b n th lnh Hide partition s c thay

bng lnh Unhide partition).

Ch : nu bn c nhiu phn vng primary th ch c phn vng khi ng hin cnli cc phn vng khc s t ng n.

- Resize Root: thay i s lng file v th mc con m th mc gc c th lu tr.- Set Active: lm cho partition active. Ti mt thi im ch c th c 1 partition cactive v h iu hnh no ci trn partition active s c chn khi ng lc bt my.- Resize Clusters: thay i kch thc ca 1 clusters. Clusters l mt nhm cc sector.Mi ln c/ghi cng ta u truy xut tng clusters ch khng phi l tng sector;lm nh th s tng tc truy xut a cng. Thay i kch thc clusters chnh lthay i s sector trong mt clusters. S sector trong 1 clusters cng ln th a cngtruy xut cng nhanh; nhng cng s gy lng ph dung lng a nhiu hn.

h) Cc thao tc khc

- Kim tra li: chn 1 partition trong bng lit k, hay chut phi vo partition xem hnhbn di:


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- Thng tin v partition: chn 1 partition trong bng lit k, hay chut phi vo partitionxem hnh bn di

- Tng tc cc thao tc: bn vo Menu nh hnhbn di:


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Trong phn Skip bad sector checks bn hy nh du chn tt c cc partition trong danhsch. La chn ny s lm cho tc ca cc thao tc nhanh hn khong 30 -35%, xemhnh bn di

II/ Phn Vng Vi Soft : Acronis Disk Director

Giao din chnh ca chng trnh xut hin xem hnh bn di:

Cng c Acronis Disk Ditector s cung cp cho ngi dng ton b tin ch iu hnh cng c cho hiu qu nht hin nay vi cch s dng d nh tr bn tay. Sau khis dng th, ti nhn thy Acronis Disk Ditector c th ni l cng c tp hp mitinh hoa ca cc cng c tin ch dnh cho a cng hin nay. Ton b mi chc nng


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ca Acronis Disk Ditector u c trnh by trc quan bng ch v biu tng trngiao din.

- Mc Wizardca Acronis Disk Director c th thay th hon ho cho cng cPartition Magic Pro 8.05 vi 4 chc nng:

Create Partition: ch c tc dng vi cc phn vng ph ngoi phn vng h thng C:.Vi nhng phn vng cn li, ngi dng c th chia thnh baonhiu phn vng ty

. Increase Free Space: tnh nng gia tng ch trng cho a cng bng cch dn d liu. Copy Partion: tnh nng sao chp ni dung ton b phn vng ny sang phn vng

khc. Ch l d liu ca phn vng b chp sang s b xa ht. Recover Partition: phc hi li ton b cc phn vng b l xa.

- Mc Operation gm c 12 tc v sau:

Copy: sao chp ton b d liu ca phn vng ny sang phn vng khc.

Move: di chuyn ton b d liu ca phn vng ny sang phn vng khc. Resize: thay i kch thc phn vng. Change Label: thay i tn phn vng. Format: nh dng li phn vng. Delete: xa bin mt hn ton b mt phn vng v d liu trn , ht sc thn

trng khi dng tnh nng ny. Split: ct mt phn vng ra thnh nhiu phn vng nh hn. Merge: hp nht nhiu phn vng thnh mt. Check: tnh nng thay th hon ho cho tnh nng Check Disk ca Windows. Defrag: tnh nng dn a gip a cng truy cp d liu nhanh hn.

Explorer: tng t nh Windows Explorer. Propeties: xem xt tng quan v cc phn vng a cng. Mc Advanced: gii thiu cc tnh nng cao cp khc v cc cng c qun l a cng

khc hu nh khng c. Change Letter: my tnh ca bn c 3 phn vng l C, D v E, nhng nay bn khng

thch tn D v E mc nh na th c th dng tnh nng Change Letter thay tn ty.

Convert: c th chuyn bt k phn vng ph no tr thnh phn vng khi ng chnh. Hide: lm n i mt phn vng no , tc bin phn vng ny thnh phn vng b

mt m ngi khc khng hbit n s tn ti ca n. Change Cluster Size: y l tnh nng ht sc c o v t c cc cng c khc. Hin

nay a s a cng thng format nh dng FAT32, vi Change Cluster Size thngi dng c th chuyn bng FAT32KB xung cn 16 -8-4-2-1 KB ti u thmc khong 6% dung lng a cng.

Change Type: tnh nng c o cho php thay i nh dng a cng format sangton b cc kiu nh dng khc m khng lm mt mt d liu.

Ngay giao din u tin bn chn ch Manual Mode nhn OK hp thoi tip tc hinra (theo hnh bn di):


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V th thut cng nh cch thc nguyn tc phn vng v nh dng a c bn

ging Partition Magic Pro 8.05.

a) To phn vng (partition)

- To phn vng Primary: t giao din ca chng trnh bn nhn chut phi vo avi tn Unallocated c th nhn Menu Wizards Create Partition hoc nhn trn thanhcng c (xem hnh bn di):

Sau xut hin hp thoi nh hnh bn di:


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Khi bn thit lp xong cc thng s cn thit cho phn vng mnh xc nh th nhnOK, lc ny phn mm s t ng to mt phn vng mi cho bn v phn vng nykhi ng cng nh ci t h iu hnh cc bn phi SetActive n (theo hnh bn di)

Khi bn nhn SetActive hp thoi sau s xut hin theohnh bn di:


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Sau cc bn nhn OK, nh vy phn vng bn to ra c thc thi ri.- To phn vng Extended: sau khi to ra phn vng Primary phn cn li chng ta cth chia ra cc phn vng Extended (cha cc a logic D, E). Bn c th sdng cc

thanh cng c hoc chut phi vo phn vng mun to thm ri chn Create Partition(theo hnh bn di):

Khi nhn Create Partition hp thoi sau s xut hin nh hnh bn di v cc bn lmtng t nh phn trn gii thiu nh, ch khcln ny l phn vng to thm khng

phi l phn vng Primary.


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Khi cc bn thit lp xong th nhn OK, nh vy phn vng mi c to ra theohnh bn di:

Chng ta c tip tc phn vng vi dung lng a cn li cho n khi phn vng xong


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cngKhi phn vng xong cc bn nhn vo Commit nh hnh bn di:

Sau khi nhn Commit phn mm s xut hin hp thoi:

Bn nhn vo Proceed phn mm s thc thi (rt nhanh) tt c nhng phn vic m bn thit lp cho cc phn vng v k t by gi a ca bn c thit lp phnvng, nh dng theo ng yu cu v khng c li bn khi ng li v ci t h iu


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hnh c ri (hnh bn di):

b) Xa phn vng (parti tion)

V nguyn tc c bn cng ging nh khi s dng Partition Magic Pro xa phnvng, chng trnh i hi bn phi xa phn vng Logical trc ri mi c xa

phn vng Extended. trnh cc hin tng xy ra khng mng mun bn nn lu lid liu sau hy thc hin (theo hnh bn di):


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c) Chuyn i dung lng gia cc a (khng lm mt d liu)

V d: Bn c C: 10 GB D: 5 GB bn mun chuyn 1 phn dung lng ca C sangD..vic ny rt hay bi v thng thng c th bn lu tr rt nhiu phn mm D thkhng cn dung lng trong khi cc khc th cn rt nhiu iu ny rt hay v qutrnh chia s dung lng khng lm mt d liu gia cc a.

y C: cn thuhp v D: l cn m rng th chng ta tin hnh nh sau theohnh bn di:

Sau xut hin hp thoi Selcet Partition to Increase, chn cn m rng nh hnh bndi:


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Sau xut hin hp thoi v bn li chn du Check vo cn thu hp nh hnh bndi:

Trong phn Partiton Size bn g dung lng ca mun m rng vo sau nhn Nextri nhn Finish.

Lu :y l dung lng sau cng ca cn m rng (V d: bn mun dung lng D l t 5GB ln 7GB th g 7 GB vo....nn ch ti dung lng cn trng ca cnthu hp.) theo hnh bn di:


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Nhn Commit kt thc qu trnh chuyn i dung lng. Sau khi thc hin qu trnhchuyn i dung lng th D dung lng tng ln 7GB, cn C dung lng gimcn 8 GB (hnh bn di):

d) To mt a mi t a c sn (chia tch a)

Khi bn mun khm ph nhng tnh nng mi ca cc h iu hnh mi ra m a licn trng th y l mt trong nhng tnh nng rt hay, ngoi vic to ra c mt phnvng theo mun c th ci thm h iu, hnh ng thi c th nhp li chnh phnvng khi khng mun s dng li h iu hnh mi ci thm m khng h mt d liu

V d: by gi ti mun to thm mt F (PHIM) t E (GIAI TRI) theo hnh bn di


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Trong phn Selcect Partition chn du check vo cn tch ( GIAI TRI (E) ri nhnNext, tip theo trong phn Partition Size bn g dung lng a cn to mi ( PHIM(F) l 2GB. Tng t nh cc phn trn Partition tye: Logical, File system: NTFS sau

bn nhn Next ri nhn Finish, nhn Commit kt thc qu trnh tch a. Kt qu nhhnh bn di

e) Phc hi phn vng: bn c th phc hi phn vng FAT, FAT32, NTFS, Linux

Ch : cng nh khi s dng phn mm Partition Magic Pro bn cn nh rng

Bn ch phc hi khi khng gian ca phn vng b xa cha c s dng. Bn ch c th phc hi ln lt nu c nhiu phn vng b xa v chng trnh chhin th danh sch tng phn vng mi ln chy. Bn khng th phc hi nu phn vng b xa c li h thng file. Bn khng th phc hi phn vng Primary nu a c n 4 phn vng primary.

phc hi phn vng v bo m phc hi nguyn trng th bn khng c ghi dliu ln phn vng nh phc hi nguy c phc hi s kh khn hn.

phc hi phn vng bn chut vo phn vng m mnh nh phc hi ngha l phn


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vng c bn chn nh du Unallocated sau chn tnh nng Recover Partition bnMenu tri chn ch ri kch Next, chn phn vng phc hi nhn Next, chn phngthc qut. phn mm thc hin nhim v cui cng bn nhn Commit ri nhnProceed thc thi qu trnh theo hnh bn di:

Trn y l 1 s tnh nng chnh ca Acronis Disk Director Suite ngoi ra trong qu trnhs dng bn c th khm ph thm mt s tnh nng khc na nh nng cao v thanhcng c theo hnh bn di


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Ch : trong qu trnh thc hin ring i vi Acronis Disk Director Suite vn c thto ra mt s li chng hn nu bn to ra 1 phn vng bng cch ghp 2 phn vng chotrc th kt qu n s nh sau (theo hnh bn di):

Cc bn thy 2 phn vng D, E vn tn ti lc ny ta c cch x l nh sau: bn hyDelete 2phn vng d i ri sau bn Resize li phn vng F.


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Kt qu c khc phc xem hnh bn di:

III/Phn Vng Vi Soft :EASEUS PARTITION MASTER

1. Thay i kch thc, di chuyn phn vng

Mun thay i kch thc ca phn vng c sn, bn bm chn phn vng >Resize/Move partition. Ti ca s m ra, bn a chut n bin ca vng gii hn, tr

chut s bin thnh mi tn hai u bn ko v iu chnh kch thc. Vic iuchnh pha no l do bn chn cho ph hp vi mc chca vic thu nh phn vngny s m rng phn vng no khc hay dnh ch cho phn vng mi. Thao tc ko cth s khng cho kt qu dung lng chnh xc nh bn mun.V vy, iu chnh th bn nhp dung lng mi ca phn vng vo Partition Size.Xong, bn bm OK lu li. Trng hp thu nh kch thc phn vng li c chto phn vng mi, bn c th di chuyn v tr ca phn vng ang c bng cch a trchut vo thnh biu tng di chuyn ri ko sang hng bn mun.


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2. Xa phn vng

Trng hp mun gp hai hay nhiu phn vng li vi nhau bn phi xa cc phnvng ny i ri to mi li. Bn chn phn vng > Delete partition, khi thy thng boxc nhn, bn hy chn OK thc hin.

3. To phn vng mi

Khi thu nh kch thchoc xa mt phn vng i, bn s c ch to phn vng


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mi, vng ny s c nh du l Unallocated. to mi mt phn vng, bn chnUnallocated > Creat partition.

Ti Partition Label, bn t tn cho phn vng mi; ri ti Create As, bn chn Logicalnu l phn vng bnh thng. Vi phn vng d nh ci t h iu hnh th bn chnPrimary. phn File System, bn c th chn NTFS hoc FAT 32; nhng y

khuyn bn nn chn NTFS. Qua Partition Size, bn nhp kch thc cho phn vng ribm OK.

4. Thay i k t a

Mun thay i k t a, bn chn Change drive letter ri New Drive Letter, bnchn k t mi > OK.

5. Chuyn i qua li gia phn vng Logical v Primary

Cc phn vng ca cng s c chia thnh Logical (cha d liu) v Primary (chah iu hnh), nu ci t h iu hnh vo phn vng Logical th s khng khi ngc. V vy, mun ci t h iu hnh a no khc C:\, bn phi thc hinchuyn i Logical sang Primary. T phn vng Primary, bn chn Convert to logical chuyn sang Logical v ngc li, mun chuyn sang Primary, bn chn Convert to

primary chuyn.

6. Chn phn vng chy h iu hnhNh ni trn, ch c phn vng Primary mi c th ci t h iu hnh c,trng hp bn mun gi li h iu hnh c v th ci t Windows mt phn vngmi chy th nghim hoc chy c hai h iu hnh hai phn vng th hy khaithc tnh nng Set active ca EASEUS Partition Master. Sau khi chuyn t Logical sang

Primary, bn chn a va chuyn > Set active.


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Tip theo, trn hp thoi Set Active, bn bm OK chuyn sang h iu hnh c sntrn phn vng hoc tin hnh ci t mi. y c th ni l mt cch n gin ci t song song hai h iu hnh, nhng nhc im lkhng th chn h iu hnhlc khi ng c.

7. nh dng li phn vng nh dng li phn vng, bn phi chc chn yu t u tin l sao lu ton b dliu cn thit bn trong. Bn chn phn vng > Format partition ri t tn, chn nhdngcho phn vng Partition Label, File System v bm OK.

8. Xa ton b d liu trong phn vng v chng phc hi


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Mt quan im sai lm l chng ta ngh rng khi format phn vng, d liu s b xahon ton. Tuy nhin, vi nhng phn mm phc hi th iu ny ch ng mt phn vt nht c mt lng d liu s c khi phc li. May mn l hin nay c mt s cngc, tin ch gip xa d liu chng phc hi. V ngy trong EASEUS Partition Master,

bn c th xa trit data bng cch chn phn vng > Wipe partition. Sau , Setthe number of time to wipe the partition, bn chn s ln xa, chn cng ln th s cng

khphc hi v qu trnh thc hin s lu hn. Cui cng, bm OK tin hnh xa.

9. n mt phn vng i

Mun n phn vng, bn s khng cn phi tm cng c no khc v ng dng ny trang b sn cho bn tnh nng n phn vng. Bn chn phn vng > Hide partition > OK cho n i v lc no mun cho hin li th bn chn Unhide partition > OK10. Chng phn mnh cho phn vng

chng phn mnh, bn chn Defragment, s c thng bo hin ln, bn chn OK bt u.


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Khi thc hin xong, bn bm OK xc nhn v xem kt qu thu c.

11. Kim tra li a

Mun kim tra li trong a, bn chn phn vng > Check partitionri bm OK thc hin. Chng trnh s thc hin kim tra thuc tnh, gi Chkdsk.exe ca Windowsln v kim tra b mt, mun gim bt khu no th bn b du chn i.

Trong qu trnh lm vic, mun hon li thao tc no, bn bm nt v bm quay vtrng thi trc khi hon, n tng t nh Undo v Redo Strong Microsoft Office. Khi lm cc thao tc trn th EASEUS Partition Master mi ch thc hin ghi nh, bn

bm nt trn thanh cng c thc thi.

Mt s hot ng yu cu phi khi ngli my tnh v cn thi gian nht nh thc hin. Mc d tc lm vic ca chng trnh kh nhanh, nhng phng sc, khi dng my tnh xch tay, bn nn cm ngun in vo trnh tnh trng pin b cnna chng.

IV/Phn Vng Vi Soft :Partition Wizard Home Edition

Cc khi nim chung

a cng - HDD - Hard Disk Drive- l b phn lu tr d liu ca my vi tnh.Hu ht cc thut ng, khi nim trong bi u nm trong lnh vc my tnh hayc th hn l phn mm my tnh. Cc khi nim u tn ti dng logic ch ko dng vt l.


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Partition- l mt thut ng phn mm, ni n mt vng khng gian cha d liuxc nh trn a cng. C 2 loi phn vng l Primary - phn vng khi ng,dng ci t h iu hnh (OS), v Extended lphn vng m rng, trong cth chia nh thnh cc phn vng Logical cha d liu ring. Phn vngLogical khng c kh nng khi ng.

nh dngni chung ca a cnghay mt phn vng ni ln cch thc lu tr,giao tip ca h thng vi d liu c trn a hay phn vng . Cc nh dngkhc nhau do cc hng cng ngh khc nhau to ra cho h thng ca mnh. Trongbi ch cp n cc nh dng ca Microsoft Windows.

a cng thng thng c 2 nh dng ch yu l MBR v GPT. nh dngMBR s dng MBR - Master Boot Record qun l ton b a, l nh dngph bin hin nay. Trong khi GPT (GUID Partition Table) l nh dng ti uhn, tuy nhin li hi kh hnh dung cng nh s dng, c xem l nh dng

a cng trong tng lai.Trong bi, cc a cng c cp u dng MBR.Trong mt a nh dng MBR, ch cho phptn ti ti a 4 phn vng Primary,hoc 3 phn vng Primary - 1 phn vng Extended (Gi l quy tc 4pri). Phnvng Primary phi c Set Activemi khi ng c.y cng l 2 li rtthng gp ca ngi dng khi t phn vng a.

File System- H thng tp tin hay nh dng phn vng: Phn vng trong cc hiu hnh Microsoft Windows thng c nh dng FAT, FAT32 hay NTFS.

FAT(tn y l FAT16), FAT32 l mt loi nh dng c s dng t thi

MS-DOS v Windows 9x. Ngy nay FAT vn cn tn ti cc thit b lu tr nhth nh, usb flash, cng di ng Tnh bo mt km do khng h tr phnquyn. Kh nng chu li rt km. nh dng FAT ch h tr phn vng c dunglng nh hn 2GB v tp tin c . nh dng FAT32 kh hn khi h tr phnvng dung lng 2TB v tp tin khng qu 4GB.

NTFSl nh dng c mt t Windows 2000, c kh nng chu li cao, m ha,phn quyn ti tng tp tin. Vi khnng lu tr ca cc thit b hin nay, c thtm coi cc kch thc NTFS l khng gii hn. nh dng NTFS l nh dng rtu vit,khuyn co nn tt c cc phn vng ca bn theo nh dng ny, trcc a di ng, usb flash FAT32 theo khuynco ca nh sn xut.

Cluster size:Coi phn vng ca bn nh mt kt bia c chia thnh nhiu , mitp tin l mt (hoc mt vi) chai bia, d mt hay mt vi chai th mt cng chcha 01 chai m thi. Vy 1 chnh l 1 cluster v cluster size chnh l kchthc ca . Kch thc cng ln th dung lng b lng ph cng ln, nhngtc truy xut li nhanh hn nhiu.

Cluster size l thng s ring ca mt phn vng. ti u: t cluster size ln


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nu bn c nhiu file v cc file c dung lng ln; ngc li, nu bn c nhiu filedung lng nh, hy t cluster size nh dung lng b lng ph t nht.

Thao tc phn vng aThao tc phn vng cho a c th hiu l phn chia li cc khong khng lutr trn a cho ph hp vi mc ch s dng.

Da trn cu to, cch lm vic ca a cng v h thng (c bit l Windows),ta c th thy vic phn chia a thnh nhiu phn vng c cc u im sau:

Tch h iu hnh (OS) v d liu cc nhn ca ngi s dng. Gip qun l,sao lu,phc hi vi OS m khng nh hng ti d liu.S dng nhiu OS trn cng mt a cng.To khu vc ring cho b nh o, tp phn trang ca OS.Qun l cc vng d liu c lp. Mt phn vng li s khng nh hng ti ccphn vng khc.

D qun l d liu ring t bng cc bin php cn thit cho c mt phn vng(vd: m ha)Tng tc truy xut d liu trong mt phn vng: V mt phn cng, u t ddng hot ng lin tc hn trong phm vi hp. V mt phn mm, truy xut tptin t bng qun l tp tin (vd nh $MFT ca NTFS) cng nh th cng nhanh.

Tuy nhin, phn vng ni chung cng c nhc im :

Gim dung lng lu tr ca HDD (tng dung lng - ngm - cn qun l lutr cho tng phn vng)

Gim nng lc lu tr thc ca a (vd: HDD bn c 2 phn vng, mi phnvng cn trng 10GB, bn khng th copy mt file 15GB vo u mc d HDDca bn thc s cn trng n 20GB).Tng kh nng phn mnh d liu > gim tc truy xut chung, gim kh nngcu d liu nu li phn vng.Chm qu trnh di chuyn tp tin trong a ( nu cng phn vng, Windows sthc hin sa a ch trn MFT - thao tc move coi nh xong, nhng nu khcphn vng Windows s phi thc hin vicmove khi d liu thc s) Gim tc truy xut d liu trung bnh ton h thng: Cc khu vc d liuthng xuyn c truy xut trn ton b a (theo thng k ca Windows) s kogom c vo 1 vng, gim kh nng ti u ng i ca u c.V vy, nn chia cng thnh vi phn vng qun l nhng ng qu nhiu,tr cc phn vng h iu hnh th cc phn vng d liu: mi phn vng nn khong 20-25% dung lng ca ton a cng l tt nht.

Nhng nguyn tc chung ca cc phn mm phn vng


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y l m hnh theo t l tng i ca cc phn vng vi nhau gip ngi sdng d hnh dung. Pha di cc phn vng l chi tit v nh dng, dung lngchnh xc ca cc phn vng . Khong trng c ch Unallocated l khongkhng gian cha c nh dng trn a cng. Cc phn mm phn vnghinnay u c giao din ha trnh by m hnh theo mu ny.

Cc phn mm phn vng u cho php xem trc ton b cc thao tc trn mhnh - to thnh mt list, sau khi ngi dng hi lng vi m hnh phn vng mith n nt "Thc hin" ton b ln a cng tht. Sau khi phn mm thc

hin xong, vic khi phc li m hnh c l khng th (rt kh). V vy bn hycn nhc k quyt nh cng nh cn thn trong tng thao tc ca mnh.

Tt v lu tt c cc chng trnh trc khi thao tc phn vng trn Windows.

m bo cp in y cho my tnh khi thc hin phn vng (c trnWindows v trn a cu h). Mt in khi thao tc phn vng cha hon thnhc th khin bn li a cng v mt ton b d liu.

Vn thng gp - tng gimkch thc phn vngTng gim kch thc phn vng l yu cu rt thng gp trong qu trnh sdng my tnh. gii quyt vn ny, bn cn nm c vi thao tc c bnsau.

To phn vng:l thao tc nh dng cho mt khong Unallocated tr thnhmt phn vng s dng c

Xa phn vng:phn vng b xa s tr thnh khong Unallocated.

Gim kch thc mt phn vng- iu kin: Phn vng cha y - cha s dnght dung lng.V d bn mun gim kch thc phn vng E
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Dch chuyn mt phn vng - iu kin: phi c khong Unallocated cnh phnvng .

Tng kch thc mt phn vng - iu kin: phi c khong Unallocated cnhphn vng .

Tm li

Trong thc t, mt yu cu tng gim kch thc phn vng s phi kt hp t 2 -3 thao tc c bn trn. Mt s trng hp thng gp nh:

Cn tng dung lng cho mt phn vng, trc ht cn thc hin gim dung lng1 phn vng cnh n hoc xa 1 phn vng cnh n c khong Unallocated

Cn chia thm phn vng th trc ht gim dung lng 1 phn vng no ly khong Unallocated ri tin hnh to phn vng trn khong Tt c u kt hp cc thao tc c bn, bn hy nm k cc thao tc vn dng.

HNG DN S DNG CHI TIT

p dng cc thao tc vo a tht

Mi thao tc bn thc hin u c ghi li vo listPending Operationsnm dcng bn tri giao din chnh
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S dng phmUndo xa thao tc va thc hin, phmApply thc hin tonb thao tc trn a tht, phm Discard xa ton b thao tc thc hin

Sau khi sp xp cng vic, hy bmYES my tnh khi ng li v phn mmhon thnh nt.

To phn vng

Bm chut phi vo khong trngUnallocated, chnCreate


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Hp thoi Create Partition hin ra. Bn in vo cc mc cn ch sau:

Partition Label:l nhn, hay chnh l tn ring bn t cho phn vng Create As:Logical hay Primary. Nh quy tc 4pri File System:nh dng phn vng, nn NTFS. Drive Letter:k t i din cho phn vng. Cluster Size: mc nh - Default.

Khung bn di l m hnh cho khong phn vng cn to. (Nu phn vng bn tochim ht khong Unallocated th khng cn ch mc ny):


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C th cm 2 mp c nm trn ko cho phn vng c kch thc v v tr va.

Unallocated Space Before:dung lng khong trng bn tri phn vng s to. Partition Size:dung lng phn vng s to Unallocated Space After:dung lng khong trng bn phi phn vng s to.

Xa phn vngClick chut phi vo phn vng cn xa, chnDelete

Thay i kch c, dch chuyn phn vng

Click chut phi vo phn vng , chnMove/Resize
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Ca sMove/Resize Partitionhin ra

Cng c n gin ch gm c m hnh v mt s la chn di. Vic tng gimkch thc hay dch chuyn phn vng c th hon thnh mt cch tng i bngcch ko th 2 nm di, hoc dch ton b khi phn vng v 2 pha, cc thngs pha di s t thay i theo.


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nh dng li phn vng

Thao tc ny s xa ton b d liu c trn phn vng v nh dng li phn vng.Thc hin: Click chut phi vo phn vng, chn cng cFormat.

Partition Label:l nhn, hay chnh l tn ring bn t cho phn vng File System:nh dng phn vng, nn NTFS. Cluster Size:ty bn

Sao Chp Phn Vng


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iu kin sao chp phn vng l bn phi c mt Unallocated dung lngvi phn vng cn sao chpThc hin:Chn phn vng cn sao chp click chut phi chnCopyBnCopy Partition Wizardhin ra Chn vo phn vng UnallocatednhnNext.( y v cng mnh khim tn qu nn khng click next c

Sp nhp phn vng
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Click chut phi vo 1 trong 2 phn vng cn sp nhp, chnMerge

Tch chn cc phn vng mun sp nhp 1>Next
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Tch chn phn vng mun st nhp 2>FinishKt qu

Lu cc phn vng cn sp nhp phi nm st cnh nhau - lin tc.

McSpecify a folder name to keep content of the selected partition:t tn cho phnvng mi c sp nhp theo tn ca phn vng no trc .

Xa d liu an tonKhi bn Delete Phn vng, thc cht ch c bng qun l cc tp tin b xa dn nton b d liu b tng hnh, thc cht d liu vn nm trn a cng. CngcWipe Partitionca Mini Tool Partition Wizard gip d liu b ghi bng mtd liu khc, mt hn kh nng phc hi.

Thc hin:

Cng cWipe Partitionc th thc hintrn phn vng, trn mt khongUnallocatedhocquy m c a


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Sau khi chn i tng, chn s ln ghi thch hp, bmOKKim tra liKim tra li a cng:Click chut phi vo a, chnSurface Test


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Ca s Surface test hin ra > Click Start Now thc hin qu trnh kim tra

Qu trnh ny s tinhnh kim tra li trn b mt a cng, cc im b h his c nh du h iu hnh khng s dng na. Vic kim tra ny cng ci cht tc dng vi nhng a hi km. Vi nhng a qu km chc khng cphn mm no cha c, phi dng n phn cng (vd nh ba)

Kim tra li phn vng

Click chut phi vo phn vng cn kim tra, chnCheck File System

Hp thoiCheck File Systemhin ra y c 2 ch : Check only. (Do not fix detected errors.) :Ch kim tr nhng khng fix li Check & fix detected errors :Kim tra v t ng fix li lun

La chn ci no l ty bn > ClickStart thc hin


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Chuyn i

Chuyn t FAT/FAT32 sang NTFS: click chut phi vo phn vng FATchnConvert FAT to NTFS.

(Yu cu phn vng cn trng t nht 3%)

Chuyn t Primary sang Logical v ngc li:Click chut phi vo phn vngPrimary/Logical chnModify> Set as Partition Primary/Set as Partition Logical

Mt s cng c khc

Set Active/Inactive:ch dnh cho cc phn vng primary - phn vng no cset active s l phn vng khi ng - Inactive : Loi b phn vng c set

Change Volume label:i tn ring - nhn phn vng

Change Letter:i k t i din phn vng. V Mini Tool Partition Wizard chy

trn Windows nn k t i din ny chnh l k t bn s nhn thy trong MyComputer v cc trnh duyt file khc. Bn c th i k t i din theo mun,min l k t cha c phn vng no s dng.

Explore:cng c gip bn duyt cy th mc, xem tn file, dung lng, ngythng to file. Vy thi.


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Hide Partition/Unhide Partition:cng c n/hin phn vng. Dliu trn phnvng cn nguyn nhng s khng xut hin trn bt k h iu hnh no. Rt ngha v n gin vi ngi dng nghip d nu mun n giu d liu.

Change Serial Number:i m phn vng

V/Phn Vng Vi Soft :Paragon Partition Manager Server

Giao din chnh ca CT

chng trnh thao tc kh n gin, mi chc nng chnh u nm trn menu chut phi.

Formatphn vng


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to nhncho phn vng


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thay i kch thc, di chuyncho phn vng


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tophn vng


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Hoc


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cui cng bm ntApply Allbn tay tri v .... Yes

Cc bc thc hin:


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1. Createmt phn vng (Primary dng ci Win, Extended cha d liu)2. Format v to nhncho phn vng3. Resize/Movephn vng

VI/Phn Vng Vi Soft :Aomei Partition Assistant Home Edition

y l Giao din chnh ca chng trnh :

1-To Phn Vng MiClick chut phi vo vng trng Unallocated -----chn Create Partition


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---- giao din ny iu chnh cc thng s nh sau :---sau chn OK( Lu l : v phn vng u tin khi chia cng mi hon ton l phn vng ci hiu hnh nn ta chn kiu phn vng l Primary )


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2-To cc phn vng ph (Logical)

Tng t nh vy, sau khi to xong phn vng Primary ta tip tc click chut phivovng trng Unallocated cn li thc hin to thm cc phn vng ph khc.


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V giao din k tip ta ch 1 iu khc so vicch to phn vng trc l: dngCreat As ta chn kiu phn vng l LogicalPartition, vi nh dng lNTFS

V sau khi to cc phn vng m ta mun, cng vic cui cng ca ta l phi Activephnvng chnh ( Primary: thng l C cc bn ) -----s d phi activel gip cho

phn vng ny c th Bootc-----cch thc hin : T giao din ca chng trnh ta click chut phi vo phn vngchnh ( PrimaryPartition) m ban u ta to chn Advanced---Set active Partitionnh hnh di


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Ta chn OK khi chng trnh hi rng bn c tht s mun active phn vng chnhay khng?

Sau khi active xong phn vng boot ( Primary) ng tt c cc thao tc thc hin trn ta chn nt Apply gc tri bn trn giao din ca chng trnh.


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Chn Proceed

Chn Yes


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V cui cng xut hin thng bo thnh cng

1-Thay i kch thc ca mt phn vng, di chuyn phn vng


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a/ Thay i kch thc ca mt phn vng

t giao din c cc phn vng sau : yNgc khnh tip tc bi hng dn bng ccphn vng to trc .

V cc nh cc bn thy di y : dung lng ca D ( data ) l : 14,13GB, cn E (

giaitri ) c dung lng l : 10,85GB.


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V gi s cng vic cn lm l : ta cn gim bt dung lng ca Dng thi tng dunglng ca E, nh vy hon thnh cng vic , ta thc hin nh sau : ------clickchut phi vo DchnResize Partition.


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Khi xut hin giao din di y, cc bn click chut tri v ko thanh trt tng haygim kch thc cho phn vng sao cho thch hp nht ty theo cc bn.khi cm thydung lng ca D hp l nht th chnOK


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V khi ta c phn vngD c kch thc thay i, gim so vi kch thc ban u,thm vo l xut hin mt phn vng trng khc, phn vng trng ny c to ra l

bi ta gim dung lng cho D, kch thcca phn vng trng ny = kch thc gimca D.


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Gi th ta mun tng dung lng E, ta click chut phi vo E v chnMerge Partitionmc ch l sp nhp phn vng trng kia vo E, thc hin nh hnh sau :

Tch du chn vo ti dng Unalocated -----chn OK


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Khi ta c kt qu l E c tng dung lng, hon thnhth ta chn Apply.

Chn Proceed


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---- Yes v i thng bo thnh cng


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b/ Ct-tch phn vng thnh 2 phn vng mi

Cng t 3 phn vng di y, ta thc hin ct phn vng thnh 2 phn vng mi, v gis ta thao tc trn E

Click chut phi vo E chn: Split Partition


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Tip theo ta dng chut ko thanh trt, di chuyn sao cho dung lng ca 2 phn vngmi ny mc m ta cm thy hp l nht( nu khng ng vi kt qu th ta c thchn nt Undo bn trn giao din chnh ca chng trnh)

V ta c kt qu l mt G mi xut hin.


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3-Change label, Change letter,chuyn i qua li gia kiu phn vng ( Logical Primary ), Format,Delete phn vng,n hoc hin phn vng.a/ Change Label.Gi s ta c cc phn vng vi cc nhn ( label ) l data, giaitri,osk, v G cha cnhn.V to nhn cho G ta click chut phi vo G ----chnChange label.

Mt ca s mi xut hin, ti dngPartition Label cc bn t tn nhn theo ca ccbn.v d y mnht l Soft ,---- OK


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Kt qu l ta c mt G c tn l Soft .

ng vi tt c cc thao tc ta va lm, ta click nt Apply gc tri bn trngiao din chnh ca chng trnh ----chn Proceed -----chn OK


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V thng bo thnh cng nh sau :

b/Change LetterGi s ta c cc phn vng vi cc Letter l : C, E, Fnh sau :


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yNgc Khnh v d mun thay i E thnh G nh : v thc hin nh sau : clickchut phi vo m ta cn chuyn, y mnh chn E ---Advanced---Change Drive Letter

giao din tip theo ti dng New Drive Letter cc bn chn Letter mun chuyntrong menu tr xung.v d ta chn l G


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V kt qu l nh sau : ta c G, thay th cho E ban u.

c/ Chuyn i kiu phn vng :

V d ta mun chuyn t phn vng vt l : Logical ( lu tr d liu ) ta mun chuynthnh phn vng Boot Primary ( ci h iu hnh ) hoc ngc li.


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Hin ti l ta ang c 3 phn vng u l Primary, ta cn chuyn phn vng D qua LogicalClick chut phi vo D chn Advanced---Convert to Logical

Nu bn chc chn rng mun chuyn i th chn OK


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V kt qu by gi l phn vng D c chuyn t Primarysang Logicalri .

d/ Format Phn Vng


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Click chut phi chn vo phn vng cn Format chn Format Partition

Ti Partition label: bn t tn nhn mi nu mun, khng th nguyn Ti File system: y bn chn nh dng khi format lNTFShay FAT32, FAT,. Ti Cluster size: chn Default


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e/ Gn thuc tnh n hoc Hin cho phn vng.Click chut phi vo phn vng mun n( Hide ) chnAdvanced ---Hide Partition .V d mnh chn l C ).

Bn c chc chn mun n phn vng chn hay khng ? nu c hy chn OK


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V kt qu l Cca chng ta b n i, tuy nhin y chng ta vn thy Chinth, kt qu ny s thc s hiu dng khi trong mi trng Windows( ngha l khi tavo trong windows th s ko thy Cna).


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hin th phn vng ang n ta thc hin nh sau : Click chut phi vo phn vng cnhin th chnAdvanced ---chnUnhide Partition.

Chc chn rng bn mun hin th li phn vng ang n ny: Chn OK .


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V kt qu l phn vng C m ta n va ny, th gi y hin th ln cho chng tathy( Letter C hin ).

Nh nhn Apply nu mun tt c cc thao tc ca chng ta ny gi c hiu lcf/ Delete ( Xa phn vng ). y Ngc khnh ch trnh by cch xa phn vng m chng phc hi li d liu, nunh cchDelete thng thng th ta ch vic click chut phi vo phn vng cn xa --


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chnDelete., nhng nu ta thao tc kiu nh vy, th vn cha thc s xa hnphn vng , v d liu vn cn nm trong cu trc ca a cng ( HDD ).V mun thc s xa b phn vng tathc hin nh sau : click chut phi vo phn vngcn xa----ChnWipe Partition

giao din tip ny th ti dng

Specify the number of times to Wipe the partition , trong trng ta chn s ln Gh ty theo mun ca bn, lu s ln ghi cng ln th ci nim hi vng cu ld liu th tt hn ri , ngc khnh dm chc khng mt k thut vin gii nodm ni l s ly li c d liu sau khi thc hin xa nh th ny. Nu xa phn vngtheo kiu ny, Ngc Khnh xin mn php khuyn cc bn phi tht thn trng lu , cchc chn mun xahay ko?----ng n khi trt di th mu ,khi ngc m tm Khnh i d liu nh.


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Cui cng cng nu mun cc thao tc ca ta trc thc s hiu qu th cng chn Apply nh bnh thng.

g/ Check cng( Kim tra phn vng )

kim tra xem phn vng no c b bad sector,. Hay ko ta thc hin nh sau Click chut phi vo phn vng cn kim tra chn --Advanced --Check Partition


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Mn hnh tip theo ta chn: Check werther there bad sectors on the partition V chnOK


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Mn hnh kim tra xut hin ---ta click vo nt Start v i cho ti khi no chngtrnh kim tra xong v nh c k thng bo xem phn vng va kim tra c b bad haykhng nh.nu b bad th Ngc Khnh s hngdn cc bn ct bad bng cng c khc y ngc khnh ch gii thiu v cch dng chng trnh ny kim tra sc khe HDDthi.

VII/ Phn Vng Vi Soft :Ontrack Disk Manager

y l giao din ca chng trnh :

Bn c next v next cho n khi hin ra mc ci t ----Bn chn Advanced Options

Sau chn tip Advanced Disk Installtion


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Tip chng trnh s detect v thy my bn c nhng cng no dung lng bao nhiu

Nu nh thng s ng th bn c chn Yes

Chng trnh s hi bn l s nh dng theo chun FAT 32 (ngoi ra ch c chun nokhc) bn c mun tip tc khng, c th Yes tip

Tip s l chia partition, chng trnh s a ra ty chn chia bao nhiu dm bn hoccho bn t chia ly theo thch. Bn chnOption Define your own


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Tip n bn cn khai bo dung lngphn vng m bn cn chia, Ty theo nhu cu mbn nhp C, D, E bao nhiu GB ty thch

Sau khi xong, bn chn Save and Continue

Chng trnh s hi bn l chn Fast Format hayNormal,Nu Yes th bn s c formanhanh, y chn Khnh chn Yes

Sau khi xong chng trnh s thng bo v yu cu bn Restart my


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Nhn t hp phm Control + ALt + delete restart, Mc nh C s c format kmboot DOS trong , khi bn ly CD ra my s boot thng t C v ra ngoi du nhc DOS

C:\

Th l bn chia xong cng.

Phn 3 Cc vn khc lin quan n HDD

Th thut ct BAD cng

1) Ct BAD cng vi phn mm :MHDD 4.6

Thng thng khi a cng bBadbns ngh ngay ti vic s dngHDD Regenerator khc phc, nnghn cht na l th s dng tiPartition Magicct b ccBad

Sector. Th nhng vi nhng a cng mPartition Magic cngphi b tay th gii quyt th no? Nm vo thng rc khng phi lcch gii quyt dnh cho ngi khng c iu kin kinh t hoc mun c

nhiu khong trng lu tr d liu. Bi vit ny s hng dn bn ththut ct Bad cho cc a cng khng s dng c Partition Magic. Ktqu s do bn t kim nghim.

I/ Chun b:- Mt chic bt v mt t giy ghi chp cc thng s.- a Hirens Boot. ( Mi nht cng tt )

II/ Qu trnh thc hin:

Bc 1: Xc nh phn vng cng b Bad Sector

- Bn dng chng trnhMHDD 4.6c trong a HirensBoot kim tra a cng ca mnh. y l mt chng trnh qut bmt a t c tc cao v rt chnh xc. s dng MHDD,trong Menu chnh ca HirensBoot bn chn 6.Hard Disk Tools. Tip chn More hai ln tm tiMenu 4.MHDD 4.6.


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Trong ca s chng trnh bn chn th t a bn cn kimtra. Sau g Enter, tip bm F4 hai ln chng trnh

bt u qut.- By gi bn hy ch n ct bn phi ca chng trnh,

phn di cng chnh l phn trm ca a c qut. Hy ly giyv bt ghi li khong phn trm b Bad nh (tng ng vi cc mu mv ch X ).

Ly v d l a cng b bad 3 khong t 16% n 20%; t 32% n 40%v t 72% n 84%. Nhng bn nn cng tr thm2% nh th s an tonhn. Vy lc ny s l 14% n 22%; 30% n 42% v 70% n 86%.

Bc 2: Tnh ton dung lng tin hnh ct bad:

- u tin l tnh dung lng cc khong b bad. Bn ly dung lng ton


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a cng chia cho 100 s c gi tr dunglng 1%. T nhn ln vis phn trm thu c khi qut tnh. Nh trn, vi a 40Gb sl: 2,8Gb; 4,8Gb v 6,4Gb.

- Vi cch tnh trn cng ca ti s c cu trc nh sau:

Bc 3: Tin hnh ct phn a cng b Bad:

- Bn nn s dng chng trnh DiskManager 9.57 trong HirensBoot lmvic ny. Disk Manager (DM) thng c dn k thut dng phn chia

a cng, n lm chun v sch s hn Partition Magic rt nhiu. chy chng trnh bn vo Dos trong a Hiren v nh lnh DM.

- Trong chng trnh bn chn Advanceed Options , chn Yes nu chngtrnh a ra cu hi.

n khi xut hin bng Select a Partitions Option th bn chn mc dicng Define your own v bt u qu trnh phn vng a nh cu trc

bn tnh ton.

- u tin DM s yu cu bn nhp dung lng phn vng Primary, phn cn

li s l phn vng Extended. Sau bn hy bm phm Tab chuynsang vng Extended, y bn bm phm N bt u chia nh phn vngny thnh cc phn vng Logical vi dung lng nh tnh ton. Theonh a ca ti th s c 1 phn vng Primary v 6 phn vngLogical. Bn s thy c DM phn chia chnh xc ti tng Cylindertrn a cng.


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Cui cng ct cc phn Bad bn ch vic chn vo cc phn vngLogical cha on Bad v bm Delete v hiu ha chng. Sau chnSave and Continue DM lu li vic phn vng cng.

III/ Kt lunCch ct Bad cng ny khng dnh cho nhng ngi thiu kin tr bi nkh phc tp, c khi phi lm li vi ln mi thnh cng c. Nhngli ch ca n mang li l khng th ph nhn.

2)Ct bad cng vi phn mm :HDAT2

Bc 1: Chn Dos Program


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Bc 2: tip tc nh chn Hard Disk Tool

Bc 3:Chn HDAT2.....


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Bc 4:Ci ny cc bn ch l chn ng ci a m cc bn mun Qut Bad v Sali nh. (cc bn nhn qua ct bn phi dung lng ca n nhn nh cho chnh xc ^^). Di chuyn bng phm di chuyn ri enter chn

Bc 5:Cc bn chn dng Drive Level Test Menu ging nh trong hnh .


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Bc 6:Check And Repair Bad Sector tm v sa Bad. Anh em no khng thch sath cng khng p

Bc 7:Lc ny bt u qut ri, nu n gp li bad v c th sa c s t ng sali ngay v bn khng cn philm g ngoi vic ch i. dung lng cng ln qutcng lu nhng a phn l Bad on u v gn gia. Bi v sao th c li nguynnhn nh.


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Cc bn ch xem ca mnh c chia lm my khung. nu chia thnh 10 khung thvi 600G mi khung l 60G.Cc bn tnh ton v theo di xc nh v tr Bad. C g nu khng sa c li Badv qu nng th ta s nh v tr ct s trnh tn nhiu dung lng v t hiu qu.V d i vi hnh trn th Bad nm vch nh du l khung s1. ny l o

mnh to c 100G ^^ . vy nu c bad nng ta s Ct 10G ban u. n y l cc bn hon thnh Qut v Repair Bad ri.

3) Tm V Sa Li Bad Sector bng phn mm: HDD REGENERATOR

HDD Regenerator l chng trnh tm v sa li bad sector trn cng. Di y l cchthc hin- u tin bn boot bng a Hiren's boot -> chn Boot CD khi menu boot hin ra

- Tin vo menu chnh ca Hiren's Boot -> chn dngHard Disk Tools

- Tip tc chnHDD Regenerator m chng trnh, c chng trnh t load vo


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- Lc ny mn hnh chnh ca chng trnh s hin ra, Nu c t 2 cng tr ln th bmphm s chn cng tng ng

- Nu ch c 1 cng duy nht th bm1 phm bt k tip tc vEsc thot ra

- Ti y cc bn s la chn cch thc hot ng ca chng trnh (y c 3 la chn)

1. Scan and repair (qut ton b cng v t sa cha li)2. Scan but not repair (qut a cng v hin th v tr li nhng k sa cha)

3. Regenerate all sector in a range (Phc hi tt c sector trong vng c chn phchi ngay c khi k c li)

-Nu ch qut v sa cha thng thng, cc bn chn1-> sau Enter tip tc


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- Vo n mn hnh tip theo, chng trnh s hi bn scan t u. Theo mc nh thchng trnh scan t sector u tin ca cng, mc nh gi tr l 0. Nhnenter tip

tc.

- Chng trnh bt u scan v sa li HDD cho bn. By gi ch vic ch.

- Sau khi qut v sa li xong, chng trnh s hin th 1 bng lit k kt qu


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4)To Boot HDD vi phn mm : Bootice

1. To kh nng boot cho thit b

Mt thit b lu tr bao gi cng gm c MBR (Master Boot Record Bn ghi khi ngch qun l vic khi ng ca chnh thit b ) v PBR (Partition Boot Record Bnghi khi ng phn vng qun l vic khi ng ca ring phn vng).

Nh vy mt thit b c th khi ng tri chy, MBR v PBR phi c np ng

MBR v PBR thng thng t c bit n nhng li c rt nhiu cng c m thms dng (nht l cc cng cqun l phn vng, to boot hay thm ch l cc a ci tWindows), do vy c rt nhiu li lin quan m vc s o th c hiu nn nh raci li Win =)) hay b chiu hn l Format c a.


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Sau khi chn thit b lu tr cn x mc Destination Disk, chnProcess MBRnp MBR

C 3 loi MBR cn quan tm l

+ Grub4dos: chun boot m ngun m, rt ph bin m dn mnh hin nay dng USBboot cu h kiu Hiren thay cho cc loi a CD, DVD.

+ Windows NT5x: l dng Windows 2000, Windows XP

+ Windows NT6x: l Windows Vista, Windows 7.

Sau khi chn hng, bmInstall ri Save l OK.

------ ------ ------ ------

Tip l npPBR


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Cng vn th ch c 3 kiu PBR thng dng :

+ Grub4dos: PBR kiu ny s tm v gi file GRLDRtrong phn vng khi ng, kn l loadmenu.lst, cc bn chi USB boot rnh ci ny qu ri nh :>

+ NTLDR : c ch ca ring Windows XP, tm fileNTLDR khi ng (Nu mngy p zi bn vo C dn rc, xamt NTLDR th chc con m n lun, ln khng ti s n 1 ciNTLDR is missingvo mt)

+ BOOTMGR : ca Windows Vista/7, tm filebootmgr, k n loadBCDto menu, sbn tip trong phn ti

------ ------ ------ ------

Nh vy mnh va o qua my mc chnh trong vicnp MBR v PBR, ngoi viccn c cc file cn thit trong phn vng khi ng (vd nh grldr, ntldr, bootmgr), cc

bn ch MBR v PBR hon ton c th dng ln ln, hn n, ln xn

VD nh toUSB boot thng npMBR Grub, PBR cng Grub, vn l mt vloi mainboard t chi v treo ngay ti mn hnh POST (in hnh l thng ch Foxconn


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G31), trnh li ny, bn c npPBR l Grub, cn MBR i trnh thnh NT5x hayNT6xl ngon.

Li k thng gp l li empty MBR, do mt cng c ng ngn no chn mt MBRca thit b, khi bn bt BootICE ln s khng thy n tick mc no (kiu UnknownMBR). Lc ny bn ch cn np ng MBR theo bn, my s khi ng bnh thng.

2. Qun l phn vng

Mt th nh, mi vit n phn 2 m , o ng li nhiu th.

Ti giao din chnh, chn thit b cn x, bmPart Manager, n s ra ci ly :

Cc cng c c ti y lActive(dnh cho Primary), Hide(n),Format, blablabla.

Lu l i vi thit bc nhiu phn vng Primary, MBR s ch c n PBR caphn vng c Active, PBR cc phn vng cn li k m, o quan tm ^^. >>> Nhvy bn mun khi ng phn vng no th phiActive + np PBRcho n, khng cthiu bc no.

3. Qun l menu boot Windows 7

y l phn hp dn nht, cng l lng mnh cm thy mi nht, mt m nht, tay chmnht, bi s si cng c ngi, ng c chi nha :>

To menu dual boot ??? Ci ly nhiu thng lm, ni ting nht c l l I Zi B C .(Easy BCD). Mnh thy thng ny u ra g, v mnh loay hoay n vi pht m cng o

bit dng, n khi bit dng cng o gii quyt c vn . Th m din n no cnggii thiu, cng thi nhau bc ngi, s vi long.


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Ci ly , BootICE l nht. BootICE m l s 2 th o c ai s 1.

------- -

u tin, vic bn cn lm l m n file BCD cha ton b thng tin khi ng ca phnvng kiu NT6x (Bao gm c Windows 8 hin ang ht vi c i nh).

BmThe System BCDnu bn ang ngi trongWindows 7 cn cu hnh, hocOtherBCDnu bn ngi ch khc (MiniXP, Mini7 hay Win khc), thng thng ng dn sl X:\Boot\BCD.

ChnBCDxong bmView/Edit

Mc duy nht bn cn ch c khoanh . l chn thit b khi ng, v phnvng s khi ng trn thit b . Cc thng s mc nh s c BootICE chn, bnu cn quan tm.

to mi mt mc, bm Add, chn loi phn vng bn cn add nh XP, 7

Mt my m cha c menu boot hay c m li, bn c xa hn mc i m to mcmi. Vd c sn XP Partition C, to thm mc Windows 7, chn Partition D cho nxong bng.

Edit xong mi mc bm Save current system. Edit xong ton b bm Save Globasetting> Thot

Bootice ( tip theo )

Bc 2: Chia USB v np MBR to tnh nng boot cho USB


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Phn vng BOOT cc bn tnh ton dung lng bng hoc ln hn tng dung lng ccfile m bn mun cho vo phn vng BOOT . y mnh chn 250MBBt BOOTICE ln v lm theo cc bc trong hnh


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Xong bc ny trong Mycomputer s ch hin phn vng BOOT vi dung lng250MB. Cn phn vng DATA khng xut hin, cc bn ng lo lng.

Bc 3: Gii nn v copy cc file cc bn ti v cho vo USBy l bc cc bn ty bin USB ca mnh. M menu.lst ln bng notepad cc bns hiu. Mi mt title trong tng ng vi 1 cu lnh. Cc cu lnh ny lin kt vi

cc filebn copy vo.

Trong 3 filemenu.lst / goldvn109 / grldr phc v cho qu trnh boot v hinmenu. Cc file cn li chy phn mm.Mun chnh sa thm bt g th cc bn lm bc ny nh.

Ring file iso cc bn t down nh. Ti file iso no th vo menu.lst thm lnh iukhin. V d cc bn ti dc file Kis2013.iso dit virus. Copy file Kis2013.iso vophn vng BOOT ri bt menu.lst bng notepad thm lnh sau.

title Dit virus Kis 2013

find --set-root /Kis2013.isomap /Kis2013.iso (0xff) || map --mem /Kis2013.iso (0xff)

map --hook

chainlo

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Huong Dan Hiren 15.2