I. History

Introduction

A. Background Thoughts

1. Aristotle, 300BC

Scalae Naturae = fixed state

Major Contributors

Contributions & Controversies

2. Theology

Creationism

3. Linnaeus, 1700’s

Taxonomy

4. Buffon, 1700’s

Multiple creation sites & times

Major Contributors

Contributions & Controversies

5. Hutton, 1700’s

Earth older than 6,000yrs

6. Malthus, 1700’s

Resources limits populations

7. Cuvier, 1800’s

Catastrophism

8. Lyell, 1800’s

Uniformitarianism

B. Idea Evolution

Contributor

Contribution

1. Anaxamander, 300BC

Striving for Complexity

2. Lamarck, 1800’s

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

3. Mendel, 1860’s

Genetics and Inheritance

4. Darwin, 1860’s

Natural Selection and Descent with Modification

II. What is Life?A. Living from Non-living

1. Characteristics of Lifea. Highly

Organized

Figure 1.4

b. Transform Energy

Figure 1.5

c. Reproduce

d. Grow and Develop

e. Irritable & Adaptable

f. Practice Homeostasis

Figure 1.3a

Figure 1.13b

B. Studying Life

1. Scientific Methoda.

Reasoningb. Process

Figure 1.24

Experimental variables:

i. Independent =

tested for or manipulated

ii. Dependent =

changes due to Independent

iii. Control =

held constant

Figure 1.25

C. Classifying Life1.

CategoriesD, K, P, C, O, F, G, & S

Kingdom Monera

Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Fungi Kingdom PlantaeFigure 1.15

Kingdom Animalia

Figure 1.15

III. Characteristics of AnimalsA. Shared

Characteristics

multi-cellular heterotrophs, contractile proteins, special tissues, stages of development, motile, and fixed adult size

IV. Evidence of SelectionA. Fossil

Record

The fossil record is based on what three key points of data to age identify them? Strata

Positioning&Half-Life

Dating Racemization

Magnetic Reversal

B. Comparative Anatomy

Analogous structures =

Outward similar inward different or same function different structure

Figure 1.21

Homologous Structures =

Outward different inward similar or same structure different function

Vestigial Structures =

Outwardly useless remnants??

Figure 22.15

C. Comparative Embryology

Similarities in developmental patterns in animals

Figure 32.8 Figure

32.9

D. Molecular Homology

Homologies between species (yeast, wheat, & primate) in the sequential amino acid make-up of cytochrome C3.

E. Current Evidence1. Artificial

Selection

That’s all for now folks.