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Ufficio:

Nazione:

I profili di responsabilità legati alle nuove tecnologie

La responsabilità civile dell’aeromobile a pilotaggio remoto:alcuni aspetti assicurativi tra criticità e nuove opportunità

Andrea Lanzaro

Global Corporate & Commercial Italia Underwriting - Aviation

Italia

Milano, 29 Aprile 2014

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Milano, 29 Aprile 2014

As a minimum, a typical RPAS is composed of:

Aerial Vehicle (aircraft)

Payload(s)

Data Link Systems

Control Station (Ground Control Station + Launch & Recovery System)

Remotely Piloted Aircraft System Components

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AVIATION

• Remotely Piloted Aircraft TP Liability (including War and Terrorism)• Aviation Product Legal Liability

• Aircraft Hull A.R. / W.R.• Spare Parts

• Pilot Loss of Licence• Personal Accident (?)

AND... “NOT AVIATION”

• Property / Transit • Model Aircraft TP Liability

Insurance

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Milano, 29 Aprile 2014

Third Party Liability Covers liability to third parties arising out of a loss event causing bodily injury and/or property damage to third parties as a consequence of RPAS failure.*

Physical loss or damage to RPASPhysical loss or damage to RPAS (airframe, payload) whilst in use/operation/testing

Spare Parts Physical loss or damage to Spares (parts not attached to the RPAS)

* Cyber Liability, privacy and data implications are not covered under the AVN policy

Insurance

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Milano, 29 Aprile 2014

RPAS Operators

RPAS Operator’s clients

RPAS Manufacturers

RPAS Distributors

Maintenance Operators

RPAS Pilots

Insured

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Risk Assessment - 1

Certifications, Registrations and Authorisations (RPA, Operator, Pilot)MTOM – airframe and payloadRPAS type and model Use and operating environmentMode and area of operation (controlled, restricted or segregated airspace)Flight profile / hoursSafety systems Pilot’s experience and Licence Loss historyLegal framework (liability, contract, air navigation)

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Risk Assessment - 2

RPA TYPE

Make & ModelFixed Wing or Rotor WingFleet Total Time Number of Air Vehicles per GCSMaximum Take Off Mass (MTOM) Wingspan or Rotor DiameterMaximum Operating Altitude

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Risk Assessment

Maximum Range

Maximum Endurance

Single Engine or Multi Engine

Engine type

Automatic deployment of any recovery parachute in case of malfunction during the flight

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Risk Assessment – 3

Operating Environment Segregated / Not SegregatedCongested / Not CongestedUrban / Semi-UrbanIndustrial / RuralArchaeological Coastal (inshore) / Maritime (offshore)Mixed

OperationsSpecialised / Non Specialised(remunerated or not)Critical / Non criticalCivil / Government / MilitaryNon-hazardous / Hazardous

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Risk Assessment - 4

USE (an extremely versatile, flexible and cheap tool)“Aerial Work” (Video, photo, data collection, “drone journalism”, etc…) Scientific research (environmental, atmospheric and meteorological sensing)Agricultural (e.g. crop/forest survey, monitoring, spray etc.)Law enforcement (e.g. border patrol, peacekeeping, crowd control etc.)Disaster/emergency monitoring (e.g. fire/hazard survey)Maritime / coastal surveillance (homeland security)Telecommunications / satellite relay / digital divideUtilities inspection (e.g. powerline monitoring)

And many others .................

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Risk Assessment - 5

PAYLOAD

Make & Model

Simultaneously on Board and Function Value(s)

Hazardous materials or components (e.g. chemical or radioactive)

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Risk Assessment - 6

LAUNCH & RECOVERY

Take-off (area, conventional undercarriage, launch rail, rocket assisted)

Recover/land (area, parachute, conventional landing on undercarriage)

Manoeuvres fully autonomous or external pilot?GCS MANAGEMENT & OPERATORS

Number of operators per GCS

Qualification of Operators (“Commander” and “Pilot(s)”)

Total RPAS type hours

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Loss & Claims Handling

• Analysis of legal framework / liability • Hold Harmless Agreements and Waiver of Subrogation

• Operator / Client responsibilities agreements

• ATC (integration of RPA’s within non – segregated airspace and within the Air Traffic Control System)

• Value Assessment

• Accident Investigation / Survey

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Liability scenario

Manufacturer

Operator / Owner / (and Client)

Datalink (Cyber liability)

Airport / landowner

Pilot in command

C.A.A. and Air Traffic Control

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Insurance / Liability

ENAC Regulation “Remotely Piloted Aerial Vehicles”Insurance General Provisions for RPAS Art. 20: “A RPAS cannot be operated without valid, adequate third party insurance, not less than the minimum insurance coverage of the table in Article 7 of Reg. (EC) No 785/2004”

Liability • Operator• Pilot Art. 17 : “Pursuant to the Code of Navigation, the pilot of the RPAS is responsible for the safe operation of the flight”

• Client Art. 6: “ ..in case of specialised operations carried out for third parties, an agreement must be signed between the RPAS operator and the client by which the parties define their respective responsibilities and agree on the suitability of RPAS for the planned operations...”

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Some insurance consequences

Not easy Risk Assessment / Risk quotation

Higher Hull Rates

Higher Hull Deductibles / Liability Deductibles

Hull Deductibles applicable also to Total Loss

Higher liability premium

Difficult and expensive claims handling

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Milano, 29 Aprile 2014

QUESTIONS ?

THANK YOU !