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Seminar Nasional IENACO 2014 ISSN: 2337-4349

SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MITIGATION USING SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT

(SCRM) APPROACH

Didik Achmadi1, Trii!a N"#ia$!i

%, &i!ri A'!i$a

1,2,3 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Jl. aya Telang, !o"#o$ 2 %amal, #ang&alan '(1'2 Email) a*isprd+gmail.om

A*!rac!

Supply chain is an imporan !acor in "omesic an" inernaional ra"es# $hich "eermines he e%en o! he

e!!iciency an" e!!eci&eness o! he or"er# he pro"ucion process unil "isri'uion o! (oo"s !rom pro"ucion

ceners or impor o he consumer le&el) *+) ,araa In"onesia *ersero. uses /ae +o Or"er pro"ucion

srae(ies ha has e%perience" pro'lems in he supply o! ra$ maerials# especially non- accepance 'y he

ar(e "ae) +his research uses Supply Chain is /ana(emen SC/. approach# $hich i"eni!ies he

impac o! he ris e&en an" pro'a'iliy o! ris a(ens on he ris o! supply# operaional an" "eman") or

i"eni!yin( he riss# ouse o! is O. $as use"# $hich consiss o! $o phases) +he resuls o! he !irs

phase o! ris assessmen: here $ere 23 ris e&ens an" 17 ris a(ens co&erin( 4 supply ris# 1 operaional

ris an" 3 "eman" ris) rom hese resuls# he se5uence o! a((re(ae ris poenial A*. is o'aine"# !romhe lar(es o he smalles) In secon" phase# he selece" ris a(ens $ere correlae" $ih he propose" o!

mii(aion srae(ies# here $ere 9 supply chain ris mii(aion srae(ies ha $ere assesse" le&el o!

relaionship 'oh o! hem# so mii(aion srae(y $ere selece")

Key word : SC/# O# A*# ris mii(aion

INTRODUCTION

-upply /ain is t/e life0lood of international and domesti trades, /i/ determines t/e

e$tent of t/e effiieny and effetiveness of t/e 0oo&ing value, t/e prodution proess to

distri0ution of goods from enters of prodution or import to t/e onsumer level. -upply /ain t/at

is effetive and effiient allos t/e amount of prourement of goods, time, plae, and t/e rig/t

uality and loest ost.

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!T. #arata Indonesia !ersero4 is a ompany t/at uses Ma&e To 5rder prodution strategies t/at /as

e$periened pro0lems in supply of ra materials, espeially non" aeptane 0y t/e target date. T/e

delay is aused 0y several fators, i.e. material sto&out, payment systems and inappropriate

speifiation orders. In addition, t/e prodution proess also enounters some pro0lems su/ as

la0or does not implement -tandard 5perational !roedure -5!4 and euipment ma/ine4 t/at are

old and /ave an impat on t/e ne$t prodution proess.

T/e result of deviations in arrival of ra materials ill /ave an impat on t/e ne$t prodution

proesses. It is ertainly very detrimental to t/e ompany in terms of time and ost. -upply /ain

ris& management is essential to 0e applied in any given ompany t/at does not rule out t/e

possi0ility of ris& event in t/e ourse of supply /ain ompanies. T/e appliation of -M system

needs team or& in every line. In t/e proess of /andling disruption or ris&, it is neessary to

determine t/e priority of ris&s to 0e /andled 0y varying amount of ris&. Manuj and Ment*er 26674

in 8lo0al -upply /ain is& Management e$plained t/at t/e only ay to a/ive ma$imum profits

in t/e supply /ain is 0ysee&ing a 0alane 0eteen produtivity effiieny4 and profit

effetiveness4.

T/e purpose of t/is resear/ is to identify ris& events and to propose mitigation strategies of supply

/ain using supply /ain ris& management -M4 approa/ for #olster produt. 9fter identifying

supply ris&, operational and demand, it also neessary to define t/e aggregate ris& potential 9!4

using /ouse of ris& :54 tool.T/is met/od is an e$tension to t/e failure mode and effet analysis

;ME94 so t/at e ill get t/e order of ris&, soures of ris& t/at needs mitigation and proative

ations.

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Seminar Nasional IENACO - 2014 ISSN: 2337-4349

METHODS

T/is stage is divided into several steps /i/ onsist of field o0servations, formulation of t/e

pro0lem, determination of resear/ and literatures. In t/is resear/ met/ods t/e frameor& of

previous studies is used. T/e data olleted in t/is resear/ inlude t/e form of supply /ain

ativities, prodution proesses, euipment or ma/ine, materials used, type of or&, /istorial data

on t/e ris&s t/at /ave ourred and all data related to t/e resear/. -everal stages of olletion and

proessing data are as follos)

;irst p/ase< is& Identifiation is to identify t/e symptoms of ris& events. T/is stage is t/e proess

of identifying ris& events 0ased on to t/ings, namely ris& event and ris& agent.

To p/ase< is& 9ssessment is to measure t/e impat t/at ould ause ris&. #efore proessing ris&,

t/e result of ris& identifiation proess reuires validation of a uestionnaire or ris& assessment

form.

T/ird !/ase< -eleting t/e appropriate ris& management 0y onduting ris& analysis t/en

performing a ris& priority /i/ s/os t/e order of /andling t/e ris& .

;ourt/ stage< Eliminate ris& it/ mitigation strategies and monitor t/e e$isting o0jets.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In t/is stage, t/e results t/at are o0tained from t/is resear/ are e$plained. T/e result of

identifiation of ris& events it/ degree of impat severity4 an 0e seen in Ta0le 1 .

Ta*+ 1- Id$!i.ica!i"$ ". Rik E#$!

Risk

Kode

Kejadian Risiko

Severity

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E1

Supplier tidak dapat memenuhi order

5

Supply Risk

E2

Harga material tidak sesuai kontrak

1

E3

Barang tidak sesuai waktu pengiriman

8

E4

Spesifkasi barang tidak sesuai

7

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E5

aterial !bahan baku utama dan pembantu" di

5

gudang habis

E#

$emadatan pasir sili%a &ang tidak rata

4

E7

$elapisan %airan %etakan !coating " &ang tak

7

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rata

E8

'e%a%atan pada produk

8

E(

'etidaksingkronan dimensi model Bolster

8

E1)

'esalahan dalam proses %etak

8

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E11

esin mengalami kerusakan !trouble"

7

Operational Risk

E12

$enumpukan elemen pada salah satu stasiun

4

ker*a

E13

'ela&akan alat angkut dan transportasi

4

E14

$enuangan %airan !%or" tumpah ke lantai

7

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E15

'esalahan dalam pembuatan mould dan melt

8

E1#

$erulangan Shout Blast

3

E17

'esalahan dalam proses assembling base

#

%etak

E18

$roduk berkarat +'orosi

3

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E1(

'eterbatasan mesin+alat angkut

3

E2)

,istrik padam

1

E21

$erubahan mendadak dalam Master Schedule

5

Demand Risk

E22

olorn&a pen*adwalan produksi

#

E23

'esalahan persepsi kontrak

2

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9fter identifiying t/e ris& event, t/en t/e ne$t step is to determine ris& agents t/at ause ris& events.

T/e identified ris& agents an 0e seen in Ta0le 2.

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Ta*+ %- Id$!i.ica!i"$ ". Rik A'$!

Kode

Agen Risiko (Risk Agent)

Occurance

-1

'elangkaan aterial+ Bahan Baku

7

-2

.sia $eralatan+esin

5

-3

'eterlambatan Barang

8

-4

$eker*a+ kar&awan ban&ak &ang kurang

3

berkompeten

-5

'urangn&a 'oordinasi setiap di/isi stasiun

#

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-#

$asokan listrik terhenti

4

-7

'esalahan $rosedur

5

-8

0angguan alam+ ben%ana alam kebakaran

2

-(

'urangn&a perawatan mesin dan peralatan lain

3

-1)

$erubahan ren%ana produksi

#

-11

-lat angkut+ transporter+ %rane rusak

3

-12

'ualitas barang dari supplier tidak sesuai dengan

4

standar

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-13

eerensi harga material tidak akurat

5

-14

'esalahan dalam memilih Supplier

2

-15

erifkasi permintaan barang kurang tepat

4

-1#

$ermintaan &ang mendadak

3

-17

'elemahan dalam nota kesepakatan dengan

3

supplier

&ir! Pha ". H" ". Rik

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Identifiation results of severity -4 from ris& event and ourane 54 of ris& agent ould

0e t/e input of t/e first p/ase of /ouse of ris& :54. 9t t/is p/ase it ill 0e found t/e orrelations

0eteen ris& events and ris& agents, t/us t/e value of aggeragate ris& potential 9!4 is o0tained.

T/e alulation of t/e first p/ase of :5 an 0e seen in Ta0le 3.

Ta*+ - &ir! /ha ". House Of Risk (HOR)

Risk Agent (Aj)

Risk

Kode

Risk Event (Ei)

A1

A2

A3

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A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

A16

A17

Severity of

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Risk

E1

Supplier tidak dapat memenuhi order

(

(

(

3

5

Supply Risk

E2

Harga material tidak sesuai kontrak

3

1

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(

(

3

1

E3

Barang tidak sesuai waktu pengiriman

(

(

(

1

3

8

E4

Spesifkasi barang tidak sesuai

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(

3

(

7

E5

aterial !bahan baku utama dan pembantu" di

(

3

3

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5

gudang habis

E#

$emadatan pasir sili%a &ang tidak rata

(

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(

4

E7

$elapisan %airan %etakan !coating " &ang tak rata

3

(

(

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7

E8

'e%a%atan pada produk

(

3

(

1

(

8

E(

'etidaksesuaian dimensi model Bolster

(

(

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8

E1)

'esalahan dalam proses %etak

3

(

3

8

E11

esin mengalami kerusakan !trouble"

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(

3

3

(

7

Operational Risk

E12

$enumpukan elemen pada salah satu stasiun ker*a

(

3

3

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3

4

E13

'ela&akan alat angkut dan transportasi

(

(

4

E14

$enuangan %airan !%or" tumpah ke lantai

(

3

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(

7

E15

'esalahan dalam pembuatan mould dan melt

(

(

(

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8

E1#

$erulangan Shout Blast

1

3

3

3

E17

'esalahan dalam proses assembling base %etak

(

(

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#

E18

$roduk berkarat +'orosi

3

(

3

E1(

'eterbatasan mesin+alat angkut

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(

3

(

3

3

E2)

,istrik padam

(

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1

E21

$erubahan mendadak dalam Master Schedule

3

(

(

5

Demand Risk

E22

olorn&a pen*adwalan produksi

(

(

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3

1

3

1

3

#

E23

'esalahan persepsi kontrak

1

1

(

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2

Occurrence o Agen! j

7

5

8

3

6

4

5

2

3

6

3

4

5

2

4

3

3

Aggrega!e Risk "o!en!ia#

1547

750

1136

1458

972

108

2730

42

321

228

153

648

135

396

476

324

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99

"riori!$ Rank o

2

6

4

3

5

15

1

17

11

12

13

7

14

9

8

10

16

T/e folloing stages of solution of t/e first p/ase of t/e /ouse of ris& are)

Identify ris&s t/at may our Ei ris& events4 on ea/ proess. It is onduted 0y mapping ris& into

supply ris&, operational ris& and demand ris&.

8ive assessment sore it/ a sale of 1 to 16 to t/e severity -i severity4 as a result of ris& event.

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Identify t/e ris& agents and give an assessment on t/e li&eli/ood of t/e ourrene. 9j ris& agents4

indiates ris& agents and 5j ourrene4 demonstrates t/e possi0ility.

;ind t/e matri$ relations/ip orrelation4 0eteen ea/ of ris& agents and ea/ ris&. ij

relations/ip4 =6,1,3,(> it/ a value of 6 indiates no orrelation and a value of 1, 3 and ( s/os a

lo orrelation, moderate and /ig/, respetively.

alulate t/e 9ggregate is& !otential 5f 9gent J 9!j4 /i/ is t/e result of pro0a0ility of

agent j.

reate priority of ris& agents 0ased on t/e potential ris& it/ greater value.

9fter employing t/e first p/ase of /ouse of ris& :54, t/e results an 0e seen in ;igure 1.

"are!o %&ar! o Risk Agen!

(ARP)

12)))

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1))

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1))))

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8)

Risk Potential

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8)))

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#)

Percent

#)))

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4)

Aggregate

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4)))

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2)))

2)

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)

7

1 4

3 5

2

2

5 4 #

(

)

)

isk -gent

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r

-

-

- - -

-

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1 1

1

1

-

1

e

- -

-

-

- th

-ggregate isk $otential !-$"

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273)15471458113#(7275)#4847#3(#324321228537

$er%ent

24

13

13 1)

8

7

#

4

3

3

3

2

5

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6um

24 37 5) #) #8 75 8) 84 88 (1 (3 (51))

&i'r 1- Par!" Dia'ram ". +c!d rik a'$!

#ased on t/e seleted ris& agents, t/en t/e strategies t/at are a0le to mitigate t/e ris& soures

aording to t/e a0ility of t/e ompany are proposed. T/e seleted ris& agents are ris& fators it//ig/est value of aggregate ris& potential 9!4. T/e seleted ris& agents ill orrelate it/

mitigation strategies t/at are needed. In lin&ing ris& agents it/ ris& mitigation ations t/e same

proedure as in t/e first p/ase of identifiation is used. T/e sale of orrelation (, 3 and 1 indiates

strong orrelation, medium orrelation and ea& orrelation, respetively. T/e proposed strategies

for ris& mitigation an 0e seen in Ta0le ?.

Ta*+ 0- Mi!i'a!i"$ S!ra!'i

'i!iga!ion !ra!eg$ ('k)

'1

$elatihan bagi peker*a &ang kurang berkompeten

'2

E/aluasi harian Work Sheet

'3

engembangkan S$ serta mengawasi

pelaksanaann&a

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'4

enentukan Supplier &ang lebih terper%a&a

'5

elakukan maintenan%e pada mesin dan peralatan

lainn&a se%ara berkala

'6

$engadaan mesin dan peralatan baru

'7

engatur ren%ana produksi !ork 9low" &ang tepat

se%ara berkala berdasarkan demand

'8

en*adikan lingkungan ker*a &ang kondusi

'9

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$erbaikan kebi*akan perusahaan terkait risiko &ang

ter*adi

In seleting t/e strategies, it s/ould also onsider t/e ompany@s a0ility to apply t/em in t/e supply

/ain proess. T/e proposed strategies to 0e implemented for mitigating t/e ris& are alulated

0ased on t/e total effetiveness of t/e proposal. Effetive suggestions ould onsider

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t/e diffiulty level of t/e assessed ompany. T/erefore, grading sale levels of diffiulty in t/e

implementation of t/e proposal using a Ai&ert sale an 0e used as a measure.

Sc"$d Pha ". H" ". Rik (HOR)

T/e seleted ris& agents are t/e /ig/est value of t/e aggregate ris& potential 9!4. T/e

/ig/est aggregate sore ill 0e t/e input of t/e seond p/ase of /ouse of ris& :54 namely t/e

treatment p/aseT/e seond p/ase of :ouse of ris& :54 an 0e seen in Ta0le B.

Ta*+ - Sc"$d Pha ". H" ". Rik (HOR)

'i!iga!ion !ra!eg$ ('k)

o *e !rea!ed risk

'1

'2

'3

'4

'5

'6

'7

'8

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'9

Aggrega!e Risk

agen! (Aj)

"o!en!ia#s (AR"j)

-7

'esalahan $rosedur

(

(

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(

3

273)

-1

'elangkaan aterial+ Bahan Baku

(

(

1547

-4

$eker*a+ kar&awan ban&ak &ang kurang

(

3

3

1458

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berkompeten

-3

'eterlambatan Barang

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(

(

113#

-5

'urangn&a 'oordinasi setiap di/isi stasiun

3

(

3

3

(72

-2

.sia $eralatan+esin

3

(

(

75)

-12

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'ualitas barang dari supplier tidak sesuai

(

(

#48

dengan standar

-15

erifkasi permintaan barang kurang tepat

(

(

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(

47#

-14

'esalahan dalam memilih supplier

(

(

3(#

-1#

$ermintaan &ang mendadak

(

324

-(

'urangn&a perawatan mesin dan peralatan lain

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(

3

321

-1)

$erubahan ren%ana produksi

(

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3

228

o!a# e+ec!i,eness o ac!ion k

4)#)8

45#84

2748#

37827

(#3(

7713

2(115

4374

24)12

-egree o di.cu#!$

4

4

4

3

4

2

5

4

3

E+ec!i,eness !o

1)152

11421

#871:5

12#)(

24)(:75

385#:5

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5823

1)(3:5

8))4

Rank o /riori!$

3

2

5

1

8

7

#

(

4

T/e stages of seletion in t/e treatment p/ase of :ouse of is& :54 are)

-ort ris& agents it/ t/e /ig/est aggregate sore using pareto diagram 9!j4 /i/ ill 0e

folloed up on :52.

Identify any possi0le strategies to prevent t/e emergene of ris& Mitigation -trategy M&4.

Determine t/e orrelation 0eteen preventive ation and ea/ of ris& agents Ej&4. Ej& =6,1,3,(>

it/ a value of 6 indiates no orrelation and value of 1,3 and ( s/o lo, medium and /ig/

orrelations. Ej&4 also demonstrates t/e effetiveness of mitigation ations to redue t/e li&eli/ood

of ris& agents.

alulate t/e Total Effetiveness TE%4 of ea/ ation using t/e formula)

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8ive assessment of t/e degree of diffiulty in performing mitigation ations Diffiulty D&4 using a

Ai&ert sale or ot/er sales t/at desri0e funds or ot/er resoures reuired for mitigation ations.

alulate t/e ratio of Total Effetiveness TE%4 it/ Diffiulty Diffiulty D&4 using t/e formula)

Determine t/e priority rating of ea/ ation &4, t/e first ran& s/os ation it/ /ig/est ETD.

T/e seond p/ase of /ouse of t/e ris& :54 demonstrates t/e seuene of mitigation proess t/at

ill 0e done first. T/e seuene proess is arried out as a proposal to ompany and ill 0e

preventive measures t/at effetive and effiient. Effetiveness of strategy an 0e seen during

mitigation ations. T/e stages of mitigation strategies 0ased on t/e level of ease or diffiulty level

t/at is determined 0y ompany. T/e ompany may terminate or redue t/e ris& 0ased on referene

of t/is resear/.

'1B

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CONCLUSION

#ased on 0rainstorming proess, forum group disussion ;8D4, o0servation and

uestionnaires, t/e results of t/is resear/ are< from supply /ain ris& identifiation 0ased on t/ree

ategories namely supply ris&, operational ris& and demand ris& it is found t/at t/ere are 23 ris&

events and 1C ris& agents t/at overing ? supply ris&, 1' operational ris& and 3 demand ris&. ;rom

t/e first p/ase, it is revealed t/at several ris& events an 0e aused 0y a single ageny.

#ased on t/e proposals t/at are proessed in t/e seond p/ase of /ouse of ris&, it an 0e stated t/at

ompany must implement ris& avoidane to mitigate t/e potential ris&s. Mitigation strategies

proposed in t/is study are (, t/ey are onduting training for or&ers /o are less ompetent, preparing or& s/eets, developing standard operational proedure -5!4 as ell as overseeing in

implementation, developing relia0le suppliers, maintaining t/e ma/ines, improving t/e

prourement of ma/inery, organi*ing t/e or& flo, reating t/e or& environments t/at are

onduive and omforta0le and improving t/e ompany poliies.

RECOMMENDATION

-ome suggestions t/at an 0e onsidered in t/is study for ne$t resear/ is to alulate t/e

pro0a0ility of ea/ ris& events and agents to redue t/e supply /ain ris& in ompany. is&

assessment an 0e developed aording to t/e needs and a0ility of ompany in reduing t/e supply

/ain ris&.

RE&ERENCES

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Documents

IENACO-079