SELECTION OF WELDING SELECTION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY

FABRICATIONFABRICATION

BYBY

SELECTION OF WELDIND SELECTION OF WELDIND CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY

FABRICATIONFABRICATION

SELECTION OF WELDIND SELECTION OF WELDIND CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY CONSUMABLES FOR HEAVY

FABRICATIONFABRICATION

R.D.PennathurR.D.PennathurMAILAM INDIA LIMITEDMAILAM INDIA LIMITED

EVALUTION OF WELDINGEVALUTION OF WELDING

HOW ?HOW ? WHEN ?WHEN ?

WHERE ?WHERE ?

TUBAL CAINFORGE WELD

KJELLBERGMETAL ARC

1910

BERNADO CORBON ARC

1885

BC

FUNCTION OF FLUX MATERIALSFUNCTION OF FLUX MATERIALS

Deoxidation of Scavengers- Helps to Deoxidation of Scavengers- Helps to Purify The Weld MetalPurify The Weld MetalSlag Formers -Slag Protects Weld Puddle Slag Formers -Slag Protects Weld Puddle From Atmosphere During SolidificationFrom Atmosphere During SolidificationArc Stabilisers - Produce a Smooth Arc & Arc Stabilisers - Produce a Smooth Arc & Help Reduce Spatter & SmokeHelp Reduce Spatter & SmokeAlloying Elements - Provide the Alloying Elements - Provide the Necessary mechanical PropertiesNecessary mechanical PropertiesGasifier - Provide a Shielding GasGasifier - Provide a Shielding Gas

CRITERIA FOR SELECTIONCRITERIA FOR SELECTION

METALLURGICALMETALLURGICAL

MECHANICALMECHANICAL

PROCESSPROCESS

METALLURGICALMETALLURGICALBASE MATERIALBASE MATERIALCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONMECHANICAL PROPERTIESMECHANICAL PROPERTIESCORROSION REQUIREMENTSCORROSION REQUIREMENTSPHYSICAL PROPERTIESPHYSICAL PROPERTIESSOUNDNESS &STRUCTURAL SOUNDNESS &STRUCTURAL STABILITYSTABILITYHEAT TREATMENTHEAT TREATMENT

MECHANICALMECHANICAL

THICKNESS OF MATERIALTHICKNESS OF MATERIAL

DIMENTION & NO. OF COMPONENTSDIMENTION & NO. OF COMPONENTS

PROCESSPROCESS

AVAILABLE FORM OF CONSUMABLESAVAILABLE FORM OF CONSUMABLES

ADAPTABILITY TO JOBADAPTABILITY TO JOB

WELDING PROCESS SELECTEDWELDING PROCESS SELECTED

SMAWSMAW AdvantagesAdvantages

Variety of electrodes with different featuresVariety of electrodes with different featuresMost versatile in use –all position joints Most versatile in use –all position joints /joints with limited access/joints with limited accessSuitable for most alloysSuitable for most alloysEquipment simple,inexpensive & portable.Equipment simple,inexpensive & portable.

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesFinite lengthFinite lengthHigh dependence on welder skillHigh dependence on welder skillNot amenable for automationNot amenable for automation

GAS METAL ARC WELDINGGAS METAL ARC WELDINGGMAW/MIG-MAG/CO2/SOLID WIREGMAW/MIG-MAG/CO2/SOLID WIRE

AdvantagesAdvantagesContinuous electrodeContinuous electrodeHigher currents possibleHigher currents possibleMinimal post weld cleaning requiredMinimal post weld cleaning requiredHighly amenable to automationHighly amenable to automation

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesEquipment more complex & Costlier than Equipment more complex & Costlier than SMAWSMAWWelder skill dependence still high,especially Welder skill dependence still high,especially for out-of position weldingfor out-of position weldingNot amenable for customisationNot amenable for customisation

SUBMERGED ARC SUBMERGED ARC WELDINGWELDING

SAWSAW AdvantagesAdvantages

Highest deposition rateHighest deposition rateMost suited for automationMost suited for automationConsumables can be customisedConsumables can be customisedLower operator fatigueLower operator fatigue

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesNot versatile-no positional capabilityNot versatile-no positional capabilityGenerally not used for thin sectionGenerally not used for thin sectionJoint fit-up very criticalJoint fit-up very criticalArc not visibleArc not visible

FLUX CORED WIRE- FCAWFLUX CORED WIRE- FCAW

FCAW Consumable is Often known as FCAW Consumable is Often known as “Inside Out “ as flux is inside & metal is “Inside Out “ as flux is inside & metal is outside .outside .Modern Technology of Manufacture of Modern Technology of Manufacture of FCAW wire involves Strip & Dry Premixed FCAW wire involves Strip & Dry Premixed Flux as Basic Raw Materials Flux as Basic Raw Materials The Quantum of Flux Addition & Flux Fill The Quantum of Flux Addition & Flux Fill Ratio are Continuously Monitored to Ratio are Continuously Monitored to deliver Consistent Quality Products.deliver Consistent Quality Products.

`̀ FCAW -CORED WIREFCAW -CORED WIREADVANTAGESADVANTAGESHigh productivity of Continuous Wire WeldingHigh productivity of Continuous Wire WeldingMetallurgical Benefit of FluxMetallurgical Benefit of FluxHigher Current than Solid WireHigher Current than Solid WireVersatile Use-All Positional ,Wide Thickness RangeVersatile Use-All Positional ,Wide Thickness RangeVisible Arc -Easy to UseVisible Arc -Easy to Use

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESEquipment more complex & Costlier than SMAWEquipment more complex & Costlier than SMAWFCAW Wires more Expensive on Weight Basis but FCAW Wires more Expensive on Weight Basis but compensated by higher Productivitycompensated by higher Productivity

`̀TYPES OF CORED WIRESTYPES OF CORED WIRES CS/LAS SSCS/LAS SS

Gasless (Self Shielded) A 5. 20 5.22 Gasless (Self Shielded) A 5. 20 5.22

Gas Shielded Flux Cored A 5.20 5.22Gas Shielded Flux Cored A 5.20 5.22

Composite Submerged ArcComposite Submerged Arc

Gas Shielded Metal Cored A5.18 Gas Shielded Metal Cored A5.18

GASLESS (SELF SHIELDED)GASLESS (SELF SHIELDED)

Generates its Own Protective Shielding Generates its Own Protective Shielding Gas. Normally used in Flat & Horizontal Gas. Normally used in Flat & Horizontal Positions only .Positions only .For CS most commonly used for Out For CS most commonly used for Out Door Fabrication & also extensively used Door Fabrication & also extensively used for Repair & Maintenance application for Repair & Maintenance application For SS Mainly used for Joining & Overlay For SS Mainly used for Joining & Overlay Welding ApplicationWelding Application

GAS SHIELDED FLUX CORED WIRESGAS SHIELDED FLUX CORED WIRES

For CS/LAS Currently Available in Two For CS/LAS Currently Available in Two TypesTypes

Positional Welding type - Rutile SlagPositional Welding type - Rutile Slag Flat/ Horizontal type - Basic SlagFlat/ Horizontal type - Basic Slag

Both Types Typically Run with Ar-25%Co2 Both Types Typically Run with Ar-25%Co2 or 100% CO2or 100% CO2Diameter Down to 0.9 mm AvailableDiameter Down to 0.9 mm AvailableFor SS Positional Welding Type available in For SS Positional Welding Type available in all grades suitable for CO2 Shielding all grades suitable for CO2 Shielding

CLASSIFICATION OF FCAW CLASSIFICATION OF FCAW CONSUMABLESCONSUMABLES

For Metal Cored Wires as per AWS A 5.18For Metal Cored Wires as per AWS A 5.18 E 70 C –X Y N HZE 70 C –X Y N HZFor FCAW Wires as per AWS A 5.20For FCAW Wires as per AWS A 5.20 E XXT –XMJ HZE XXT –XMJ HZ For SS FCAW Wires as per A 5.22For SS FCAW Wires as per A 5.22 E XXX T X-X E XXX T X-X

COMPOSIT SUBMERGED ARCCOMPOSIT SUBMERGED ARCFCAW Consumables used mainly with Neutral Flux FCAW Consumables used mainly with Neutral Flux to give desired Weld metal Chemistryto give desired Weld metal ChemistryTypical Application include High Alloy Steel Typical Application include High Alloy Steel Compositions with special TDC Required in Small Compositions with special TDC Required in Small Quantity.(Tailor Made Product)Quantity.(Tailor Made Product)

GAS SHIELDED METAL COREDGAS SHIELDED METAL COREDComposit or Metal Cored FCAW consumables Composit or Metal Cored FCAW consumables most commonly used for robotic application in most commonly used for robotic application in view of view of Higher Deposition Efficiency Higher Deposition Efficiency Bead on Bead Welding (NO Slag )Bead on Bead Welding (NO Slag )Better Wire Feeding.Better Wire Feeding.

`̀ FCAW -CORED WIREFCAW -CORED WIREADVANTAGESADVANTAGESHigh productivity of Continuous Wire WeldingHigh productivity of Continuous Wire WeldingMetallurgical Benefit of FluxMetallurgical Benefit of FluxHigher Current than Solid WireHigher Current than Solid WireVersatile Use-All Positional ,Wide Thickness RangeVersatile Use-All Positional ,Wide Thickness RangeVisible Arc -Easy to UseVisible Arc -Easy to Use

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESEquipment more complex & Costlier than SMAWEquipment more complex & Costlier than SMAWFCAW Wires more Expensive on Weight Basis but FCAW Wires more Expensive on Weight Basis but compensated by higher Productivitycompensated by higher Productivity

COMMOMLY AVAILABLE FCAW COMMOMLY AVAILABLE FCAW PRODUCTSPRODUCTS

FCAW Product for Positional Welding FCAW Product for Positional Welding of CS / LAS With Gas Shielding.of CS / LAS With Gas Shielding.Self Shielded FCAW Product for CSSelf Shielded FCAW Product for CSSelf Shielded for HF ProductsSelf Shielded for HF ProductsGas Shielded SS Small Dia.Cored Gas Shielded SS Small Dia.Cored Wire Product for FabricationWire Product for FabricationSelf shielded SS Cored Wire for SS Self shielded SS Cored Wire for SS Overlay /Cladding Overlay /Cladding

WHY FCAWWHY FCAWFCAW AS PROCESS HAS GREAT ADVANTAGE FCAW AS PROCESS HAS GREAT ADVANTAGE OVER OTHER CONVENTIONAL PROCESSOVER OTHER CONVENTIONAL PROCESS

FCAW IS THE FUTURE PROCESS WITH TECHNO FCAW IS THE FUTURE PROCESS WITH TECHNO COMMERCIAL EDGE OVER OTHER EXSISTING COMMERCIAL EDGE OVER OTHER EXSISTING PROCESSESPROCESSES

FCAW HAS WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCTFCAW HAS WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCT TO MEET INDUSTRIAL NEEDS & ALSO EASE OF TO MEET INDUSTRIAL NEEDS & ALSO EASE OF

APPLICATION MAKES IT USER FRIENDLY. APPLICATION MAKES IT USER FRIENDLY.

SELECTION CRITERIASELECTION CRITERIA Chemical & Mechanical PropertiesChemical & Mechanical Properties Commercial Availability of ProductCommercial Availability of Product Suitability for Restraint Welds -Hydrogen Suitability for Restraint Welds -Hydrogen

Level in Weld MetalLevel in Weld Metal Type of Gas Shielding to be usedType of Gas Shielding to be used Feasibility of ApplicationFeasibility of Application Cost FactorCost Factor

ACID vs BASIC vs METAL CORED vs ACID vs BASIC vs METAL CORED vs RUTILE BASICRUTILE BASIC

E70T-1 vs E70T-5 vs E70C-6M vs E70T-1E70T-1 vs E70T-5 vs E70C-6M vs E70T-1

ACID BASIC METALCORED RUTILE BASIC

UTS,MpaYS Mpa%E

58551823

53545028

57551727

58549727

IMPACT J-18 DeG C-29 Deg C

40-6520-45

110-16080-135

75-10025-55

80-12565-100

HYDROGENMl/100 GMS

5-10 2-5 3-8 2-5

OPE.CHARAC.BEAD SHAPE

FLAT CONVEX FLAT FLAT

WETTINGACTION

VERY GOOD FAIR GOOD VERY GOOD

STORAGE & RECONDITIONING STORAGE & RECONDITIONING FOR SMAW /FCAWFOR SMAW /FCAW

SMAWSMAWLow Hydrogen Store 100-150 Deg CLow Hydrogen Store 100-150 Deg C

Recondition at 400 Deg C- 1Hr Recondition at 400 Deg C- 1Hr Stainless Recondition at 200 Deg C- 1Hr Stainless Recondition at 200 Deg C- 1Hr

FCAWFCAW Plastic Recondition at 50 Deg C- 48Hr MinPlastic Recondition at 50 Deg C- 48Hr MinCoils Store 100-125 Deg CCoils Store 100-125 Deg C

Recondition at 150 Deg C- 6-8HrsRecondition at 150 Deg C- 6-8HrsWire Spool Store 150 Deg CWire Spool Store 150 Deg C

Basket Recondition at 250 Deg C- 2-3Hrs Basket Recondition at 250 Deg C- 2-3Hrs Higher Rebake Temperature , Faster ReconditioningHigher Rebake Temperature , Faster Reconditioning

SHIELDING GASES

Arc Characteristics Penetration Profile Mode Of Transfer Spatter Level Alloy Recovery Material Types

SHIELDING GAS COMPARISONSHIELDING GAS COMPARISONE 81T-1-Ni1 VERTICAL UP @21 KJ/CME 81T-1-Ni1 VERTICAL UP @21 KJ/CM

95Ar/5CO2 75Ar/25CO2 50Ar/50CO2 100CO2TYPICALCHEMICALANALYSIS

CMnSi

.0591.29..44

.0551.29.44

.0421.24.39

.0411.16.31

TYPICALMECH.PROP(Mpa)

YS

UTS

540

603

531

586

502

568

457

565TYPICALIMPACTPROP(J)

0 Deg C

-40Deg C

123

91

125

84

109

48

104

40

BEADSHAPE

FLAT FLAT CONVEX CONVEX

PROCESS SHARE FOR VARIOUS PROCESS SHARE FOR VARIOUS COUNTRIESCOUNTRIES

INDIA USA

SMAW80%

SMAW35%

GMAW55%

SAW8%

GTAW2%

SAW 8%GMAW10%

GTAW 2%

GTAW

SMAW

SAW

GMAW

GTAW

SMAW

SAW

GMAW

EUROPE JAPAN

GMAW60%

SMAW30%

SAW8%

GTAW 2%

SMAW20%

GTAW 2%

SAW8%GMAW

70%

GLOBAL PROCESS SHARE GLOBAL PROCESS SHARE OF WELD METAL OF WELD METAL

JAPANJAPAN EUROPEEUROPE USAUSA INDIAINDIA

SMAWSMAW 20%20% 30%30% 35%35% 80%80%

SAWSAW 8%8% 8%8% 8%8% 8%8%

GTAWGTAW 2%2% 2%2% 2%2% 2%2%

GMAWGMAW 70%70% 60%60% 55%55% 10%10%

PROCESS SHARE IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

Steady Increase in Solid & Core Wire Consumption

Covered Electrode Consumption will Decline & Stabilise around 30%

In Developed Countries, CO2 Welding Accounts for more than 50%

In Developing Countries like China & Korea CO2 Process Share is already around 15%

ESTIMATING WELD METALESTIMATING WELD METAL DEPOSITION COSTS DEPOSITION COSTS

MATERIAL COSTMATERIAL COST

ELECTRODEELECTRODE

SHIELDING GAS SHIELDING GAS

FIXED COSTFIXED COST

Joint PreparationJoint Preparation

FixturingFixturing

TackingTacking

PreheatingPreheating

CleaningCleaning

InspectionInspectionRs

COSTINGCOSTING

Power & 2-5% Power & 2-5% EquipmentEquipmentElectrode Electrode

Cost 8-15 Cost 8-15 %%

Labour & 80-85 Labour & 80-85 %%

Overhead CostOverhead Cost

LABOUR &OVERHEAD

ELECTRODECOST

POWER &EQUIP.

INCREASED WELDING PRODUCTIVITYINCREASED WELDING PRODUCTIVITY

REDUCED WELDING COSTREDUCED WELDING COST

ELECTRODE EFFICIENCYELECTRODE EFFICIENCY & STUB END LOSS & STUB END LOSS

DATA ON EFFECT OF STUB END LOSSESDATA ON EFFECT OF STUB END LOSSESTYPE -E7018 ELECTRODESTYPE -E7018 ELECTRODES

EFFICIENATY AT 50 mm STUB LOSS -70 %EFFICIENATY AT 50 mm STUB LOSS -70 %EFFICIENATY AT 75 mm STUB LOSS -64.5%EFFICIENATY AT 75 mm STUB LOSS -64.5%EFFICIENATY AT 100 mm STUB LOSS -59.1%EFFICIENATY AT 100 mm STUB LOSS -59.1%EFFICIENATY AT 125 mm STUB LOSS -54.5%EFFICIENATY AT 125 mm STUB LOSS -54.5%EFFICIENATY AT 150 mm STUB LOSS -49.1%EFFICIENATY AT 150 mm STUB LOSS -49.1%

450mm

WELD METAL COST FORMULAS1 Labour & Labour & Overhead Cost/Hr

Overhead = ---------------------------------------- Deposition Operating Rate (Kg/Hr) X Factor

Electrode Cost / Kg2 Electrode: = ---------------------------------

Deposition Efficiency

Gas Flow Rate Cu.Meters/ Hr. X Gas Cost / litre

3 Gas = ------------------------------------ Deposition Rate (Kg/Hr)

Flux Cost/kg X 1.44 Flux = -------------------------------------

Deposition Efficiency

Cost Rs/KWH x Volts x Amps5 Power Cost = ----------------------------------

1000 X Deposition Rate (kg/Hr)

Total Cost per kg = Sum of 1-5 , Aboveof Deposited Weld Metal

WELD METAL COST WORKSHEET

FCAW AS COMPARED TO SMAW - WELDING POSITION - FLAT CALCULATING COST CAL. COST CAL FCAWCOST PER KG FCAW SMAW Vs. DEP. WELD E 71T-1 / 1.6 DIA. E 7018 / 5mm SMAW

AT 300 A/28 V AT 250 A/28 V * COST RED.-

Labour & Overhead 150/5X0.45 66.67 150/2.5 X0.30 200 -133.33

Electrode: 150/0.87 172.4 60 /0.65 92.3 80.4

Gas 990 x 0.04 /5 7.92 NA 7.92

Power Cost 4 x 300 x 28 / 4 x 250 x 28 / 1000 x 5 6.72 1000 x 2.5 11.2 -4.48

Sum of Total Variable 253.7 Total Variable 304 -49.29the Above cost/kgDeposite Cost/kg Deposite :

Rework at 3% at 15%COST 253.72 /0.97 261.56 303.51 /0.85 357 -95.54

Basic Cost Saving per Kg with FCAW =49.29Actual Cost Saving pr Kg with FCAW =95.54

ONE MINUTE WELD VERTICAL UP POSITION-6MM FILLET

One Minute Welds made using SMAW 3.2mm –70mm, GMAW-0.9mm –105 mm FCAW 1.2mm –300 mm

Cost aspect based on above productivity.

FCAW SMAWGMAW

9001300

2900

DEP. COST PER KG

CO

ST IN

RS.

LABOUR &OVERHEAD-RS.500

SMAW

FCAW

GMAW

FCAW CONSUMABLES AVILABILITYWITH AWS SPECIFICATION

E70T-1 FOR E71T-1 BOILER

E70T5 QUALITY E81T1-W WHEATHERING

E80T1-A1 FOR E80T1-B2 LOW ALLOY E80-T1-B3 STEEL E80T5-G FOR E90T5-K2 HSLA E100T5K3 STEELS E110T5-K4

E308TX-X FOR SS E316TX-X POSITIONAL E312TX-X WELDING E309TX-X E308.T0-3 FOR E309T0-3 CLADDING

APPLICATIONAPPLICATION

FABRICATION INDUSTRIESFABRICATION INDUSTRIES

CORROSION RESISTANCE OVERLAYSCORROSION RESISTANCE OVERLAYS

HARD FACING/REPAIR & HARD FACING/REPAIR & MAINTAINANCEMAINTAINANCE

PROCESS INDUSTRIESPROCESS INDUSTRIESBOILER &PRESSURE VESSELS HEAVY BOILER &PRESSURE VESSELS HEAVY STRUCTURALSTRUCTURALOFFSHORE FABRICATIONOFFSHORE FABRICATIONRAIL &ROAD BRIDGESRAIL &ROAD BRIDGESSHIP BUILDINGSHIP BUILDINGROAD TANKERSROAD TANKERSRAIL WAGONSRAIL WAGONSTRANPORTATIONTRANPORTATIONREPAIR &MAINTAINANCEREPAIR &MAINTAINANCESUPER CONDITIONINGSUPER CONDITIONING

HOW WELDING SMARTER SAVED 120,000 HOW WELDING SMARTER SAVED 120,000 MAN-HOURSMAN-HOURS

Walking Dragline - 12,000 MT WeightWalking Dragline - 12,000 MT WeightBoom Height : 95 MBoom Height : 95 M

Hoist Depth : 55 MHoist Depth : 55 M Bucket Load :325 MTBucket Load :325 MT

Cylindrical Steel BaseCylindrical Steel Base 32 M Dia. 2.5 M Wide & 140 MT Weight32 M Dia. 2.5 M Wide & 140 MT Weight

Replacement of the BaseReplacement of the Base Estimated 160,000 Man- Hour with SMAW(80 Estimated 160,000 Man- Hour with SMAW(80

Months)Months) Estimated 40,000 Man- Hour with FCAW (20 Estimated 40,000 Man- Hour with FCAW (20

Months)Months)

32M

2.5M

Wedge Shaped Segments Make Up Dragon Base

150 mm

SS FCAW TO RESCUE OF ASPRIN MAKER’S HEAD ACHE

SS Half Coil Reactor Found Leaking.

Leak Spots Identified as likely restart points in OH Position.

Small Dia. SS FCAW made it possible to reduce restart points

Better approach made improved Fusion Possible.

HALF COIL

REFINARYREFINARY

““Oil is King!”Oil is King!”Tosco, Martinez oil refinery

OFF SHORE APPLICATION

PRESENT STATUSPRESENT STATUSFCAW ACCEPTED AS FABRICATION PROCESSFCAW ACCEPTED AS FABRICATION PROCESSAVAILABILITY,COSISTANT QUALITY,EASE OF APPLICATION AVAILABILITY,COSISTANT QUALITY,EASE OF APPLICATION WILL HELP IN INCRESING PROCESS SHAREWILL HELP IN INCRESING PROCESS SHAREPRESENT MARKET SHARE OF 12%(GMAW+FCAW) PRESENT MARKET SHARE OF 12%(GMAW+FCAW) EXPECTED TO INCESE RAPIDLY TO 20% BY 2010 AS EXPECTED TO INCESE RAPIDLY TO 20% BY 2010 AS AGAINST 50% OF ADVANCED COUNTRIES.AGAINST 50% OF ADVANCED COUNTRIES.INDIAN MANUFACTURES GEARING UPTO CHALLENGE OF INDIAN MANUFACTURES GEARING UPTO CHALLENGE OF OFFERING IMPROVED QUALITY & QUANTITY AT MOST OFFERING IMPROVED QUALITY & QUANTITY AT MOST COMPETATIVE PRICE.COMPETATIVE PRICE.FCAW PROCESS TO BE CLASSIFIED AS PROCESS CAPABLE FCAW PROCESS TO BE CLASSIFIED AS PROCESS CAPABLE OF PROVIDING HIGHER OF PROVIDING HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY,QUALITY,CONSISTANT PRODUCTIVITY,QUALITY,CONSISTANT CHEMISTRY,POSITIONAL CAPABILITY & EASE OF CHEMISTRY,POSITIONAL CAPABILITY & EASE OF APPLICATION.APPLICATION.

CONCLUTIONCONCLUTION

Industries are adopting FCAW as production process which Industries are adopting FCAW as production process which can give desired quality.can give desired quality.The availability of CS/LAS,SS & HF consumables in India has The availability of CS/LAS,SS & HF consumables in India has improved.improved.The present share of GMAW +FCAW which is at present 12% The present share of GMAW +FCAW which is at present 12% is expected to reach 20% by 2010 is expected to reach 20% by 2010 As industrial application of SAW has reached 100% utilisation As industrial application of SAW has reached 100% utilisation level ,the FCAW application will have rapid growth.level ,the FCAW application will have rapid growth.The improved availability of FCAW product to AWS The improved availability of FCAW product to AWS specification &as well as Custom built products will ensure specification &as well as Custom built products will ensure adoption of FCAW as process where in productivity & adoption of FCAW as process where in productivity & consistant quality are basic requirementconsistant quality are basic requirement

THANK YOUTHANK YOU