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Title On the Gametophytes of Some Japanese Species Laminariales IV
Author(s) Kanda, Tiyoiti
Citation 北海道帝國大學理學部海藻研究所歐文報告, 2(2), 293-308
Issue Date 1941-02
Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/48071
Type bulletin (article)
File Information 2(2)_293-308.pdf
Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP
On the Gametophytes of Some Japanese Species of Laminariales IV.
B}-
TIyolTI KANDA
'XYith I'late IJIX.
.In the ])resena' papei' t'hei'e a]'e des(tribed tl)e results otf eujtutre experi-
mei)1's ivith t'1)e g'ametoph)Tt'es tmd i'lie yoinig spot'oph>'tes of two speeies o£
Japanese Ijamiiitu'iales, viz.. L・amiitai'ia a"gi{s'ta't(t I<-ii,ijL"・i. an(l .,l.g(o'tcm,
ct'ibi'osunt ]'}oR>r. Citlt'ures ivere mad.e at the. sea-side ]abo]ratoi`y o'{ii t}}e t'llnstitnt'e of Als.e]og"ictal Resetureli at iX'Iiiyo]'a]i, b.x.' the stune ]nelho(ls as
l/liose dese]'i}/)e(l in (/.he pireiviious iyork. rt"he mate.vials usecl .in the present
"'oi・k "'ei'e eb('ained at tlie eoast ot'. iX・/[m'eran. Tl}e <tu'ltu]'e sohition 'tva,s
]nade eti i]at/tiral sea-"'atc}i', 'fiitei'ed tiviee throiEg,l) a layer o{'. abso]'bent
eott'on. Small (luanti.t.ies o'li sodiinn nit]'at/e aHd i}al/yi.um l.)hos],)hate "tvere
adcle(.l at the. /i'atio o£ the 't'ollo"'itigr table ivhieh has been ire(tomme]ided b>'
SC,Ill-lI・1IBl£R (1.9:-lL)).
NaN():s,.......{).lg'r distil]edxyat'ert.)Oct(r
NaL,IIPO.L.....O.02.g'i' sp.a-iyater l,OOOecAIat'ei'.ials beai'h]g "'e]hnatiu'ed s{>]ri xvei'e e(}llec(/e(/l at' the sea-shove, b)'ous,'ht
to the ]aboratoi:v, xvashed eturefuH>' in sterMzed sea-watei'. 1"hen the b]a(les
wei'e put int{} a g,Iass vessel eo]itainingr a,bout eig.ht/ likres o/£ txviee fi]tere(l
sea-ivate/i,' and the vessel "'as ilkm}inated "v]lth an ele(rtric ]tt.mp, that
exerte(l a g'ood efTeet' 'ffor the libeiration. of zoospo,res. [Vhe zoospo]res ivere
set・t'led on tlie. slide-g,lasses, an(L euKtu'e(1 in tk (tultu're vessel. eontaining
about' 2;V)(}e(t o'fknedium. rl"he eriltiu'e vessels weire plaeed i,n a )room xvhet'e
tlte:v iye]'e ]]ever ex})osed te (l.ireet sunlig,'1it. rl"he (i.u]tmre,s iveire sub;ieete{'l
to the fiiietiititioii o'{'. d'lie temp{ii'ti.tm'e oll the 'i'oo]ii.
]Se'1'oi'e g.oing,' l'u]'t'hei' the writei' iyjshes ('o eNpyess his k)est thanks l/o
IP]'o'fessor Y. ¥.x]Ng',ND.y ltor ltis l<iii(l g'iti(lamte tn}(l. crit'i{eisms; in. the (rou'rse o£
t'']te pi'ese]i(' st'll(ILv.
XVL Laminaria angustata I(.)i・;Li.]M.
IVI}e p]'esent speeie$ is o'ne o'f' t'he most' eomtnon alfL.ae oi} the eeast of
)Iurora]i. It, gi・o"'s oii roeks in the Io"Ter littoral aiid sub]ittoral belt,
assoeiated with A.larict erctss・ifolict KJELLM. The zoosporangia appeai" in
autumn and winter oll the eoast of Muroran. After the zoospores have
been ]iberated, the g,'reater part of the blade is gradually worn away, and
onl:r t・1]e stipe bea]iiig)' a eer'taill portion of the blade remains attaehed to
the substratum. The b].ade praetieally eeases to develop further during
autumn and ear]y w・illter; then in the earls months of the next >.rear, the
seeond year blade begins its sudden growth at the transition regio]i, pushing
up the first sear blade. The seeond year blade inereases in ]ength and
,1
/14
jll
Sk
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・1
t
'
1・l,'
"- ' ' t.
Ivii,'g・
L・'i'
r
'
,i qg"S,,E xhl,
`'`' -'x.- 1・Cit'
+ ./. .i,Si'
' ' ' A r,.., ' IBiig. 1. Laoniota?'ia angustata KJEIjLM.
at Muroran in May.
gradual]s eorda,te; eollected in August.
g,,es
ll
't 1/
J
"?evi,s
e!iii
fny
el" t
tteb
¥・ 1-"
aj
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ff
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}r
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)}
w
' ;t . -L B A. Habit of youllg plant, eolleetedB. Habit of an adult plant; the base of the b]ade ])eeomes
l Li
'f '
lgl"
le`
iti
On t,lie Gametopliytes of Some Japa]iese Speeies of ]ljaminariales IV 295
thiekness to attai]i its £ull s.rowth i}) Aug?ust and Septembey and then
beeomes sori£erous. On the coast o£ MlureraB, the embryena} fyoAds appear
£vom January to Mareh and attain thely adult stage in August. s The zoosporangia are pyodrieed at first on one side o£ the blade, tl}e
£afieia on t・hat slde being projeeted, 2i} two parallel rows, Ieaving the £aseia
and both margins sterile. Later, h.owever, these two payallel rows join
into one in seveyal plaees, espeeially in the lower poytioll o£ the blade.Fully matuyed sori are dark olive in eoloar.
Caltuyes have been made t・hree times, hitherto, and.the same results
were obtained in eveyy ease.
Zoospores alld their Germination
[i]he zoospores aye pea"shaped when they aMe aetive, pointed at one
eiLd aiiLd rovindeCt at the other, measuring aborLt 8-9.2,u in length, 4-4.5sL
in byeadth; t・hey h.ave two latera}Iy plaeed eilia, ene pointin.ew £orwayd, as
A
.:1;zde. t,'
.・:t・. t.t・.・
1.'3 tl・
(
fff
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Pgff
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",iiii)L'X.k
S) 8
Feeeo'.
,. eol "・g ,oeS・
,.Pe':{
M
H l{lklee,
s$c$
h S...
'
I・,"G"・v'
90geS'
,rzNo.
x
O" ・6 M,
to.,,oi,' s
,・ ,} p"
J :'e' 'e`e"ee
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l
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>
pt.,. K
":Oe ,,
e ...ege
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t
1
ig
・"
IEi'ig. 2. Laon・i・n(ti"・ia an.y・ustata KJELLA[. Zoospores a.na tl]elr germinatien.
×1250. A. Zoospores in motile sta・te. B. Embr>rospore. C-D. Germinationo£ tlie embryospores. E-G・. Deyelopment of the germination tube; the eontents
of the embryospere migrate inte t,his tube; £rom 2 day eulture. K-K. Sporel-h}gs Sroni 4 day eult.ure, showing the first transverse wall. I[j-O. Early stages
of the male gametephytes, from 7-9 day eulture. P-T. Ear]y stages ef tlie
fe}nale gametophytes, eonsistiiig of only one ee]l; £rom 7-9 da}r e"lture.
296 g]. KANDAlong as 18-20@, and the other pointing baekwords, as long as about 6-8st.
The zoospbres have one eui'ved ehromatophore whieh oeeupies the posterior
part, one nueleus and some granular substanees, but always laek an eye-
spot (Fig. 2, A). The zoospores swim aetively at first, but sooner or later
beeome motionless. They lose their ellia be£ore loRg, beeome spheriea} inshape, invested with a membrane and Easten themselves t・o the slide-glass
(Fig. 2,B). A gemnination tube grows out of the embryospore (Fig. 2,
C-D). The germination tube inereases its lekgth more and meye, as the
eulture progyesses, and within 2 days it yeaehes about 20pa in Iength (?ig.
2,E). The distal end lllereases in diametei', and a wall is £ormed so as
to separate the distal end £rom t・he tube. When t・he p}ants are about 7-9
days old, £wo types of gametophytes may be distinguished. [I]hose belongingto one t>rpe eonsist of q number of cel}s as figured iR Fi.rv. 2,L-O. They
are ma}e gametophytes. The others eonsist of only one cell at this stas,e,
the diamet,er of the eell, however, being mueh Iayger than that of the
£ormerJ t,hey. are Semaie gametophytes (lpsigi. 2, P-T).
Male Garnetophytes and Male Gametes
The male gametophytes of the present speeies eonsist of a fairly }arge
numbey of eells, the diameter of eaeh eell measux'lllg alNNTays less than 9,u.
When the male gametophytes approaeh t・o mat・urity the antheridia} eells
are produeed at the tips o£ t・he brallehlets. The ehromatophores o£ these
eells beeome pale in eolor. The eonteRts o£ the ant・heyidium is entirely
used £or the foymation of a single antherozoid. At maturity the wall of
the alttheridium bursts open at the apex, £oyming a beak through whieh "a matured antherozoid swims out (Fig. 3). The male gamete is ovate oy
sometimes rather round in shape, measuring about 6,tt ln IeRgth, and 2.5-
3.5pa !n breadth. Two cElia of almost equal length measuring about 20,u
arise fyom the lateral side of the body. It has generally olie or two pale
eoloyed ehromatophores, but a}ways laeks an eye-spot (Fig. 3,ixi). The
]iberat!on of the male gamete £rorn the opening o£ the aBtheyidium was
observed fyom time to time, but the actual proeess of £ertilization with
the egg eell has not been observed. The durat2on o£ life o£ the malegametophytes is generally short, and in the 60 day eultuye the g'reater part
of them have disappeared.
Female Gametopbytes and Eggs
The shape and size of the £emale gametophytes of this plaBt show
some resemblai,iee to those o£ Laminaria Yeozdoaoza MiyABE (?ig. 4). Some
On the Ga・metopl)ytes o£ Some Japanese Speeies o£ Laminariales IV 297
eo
b"
A b 'o e
b
ooo o
"g℃"
J
e oOvnO ;.
K
o
mp
・' oo・
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8・
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・ ." ,b
se: ・
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eo
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sl, F
bOo・
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".. b;'
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H tttt t.:. kotS}
ttt ttt e ... o Oo
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eo
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1[i'ig. 3. Laminar・ia angustata KJELL)i. Va・rious forms of the maie gamet,o-
phytes and male gametes, froin 15-2e aay eulture. x980. ni. Male gametes himotile sta.te, bearhig two ailia of almest equal leiigt.li, ],neasurea up to 18pt ixi
length.
conslst oE only one eell (I]"lg'. 4, A-I), otheys eoRsist o£ txNro or more eells
(Fig. 4, JLN). In some eases, a unieellular £emale gametophyte showlngeuyious appearanee was observect (F2g. 4,F--I). Wheii they eome tomaturity the whole vegetative eell ehanges into an oogoniam (Fig. 4, O-G).
At matr{rity the chyomat・ephores in the oogonium beeome ero"Tded togethey
298 T・. KANDA
xxTit・h tl}elr long axes pax'allel to that of the oogonium (IIiig. 4, D-G).
ebntent・s o£ the oogonium is then pressed out through the opening atapex, where lt xemains attaehed (Ii'ig. 5, A).
Thethe
b-(sO is"
!
.7
JB ,%E
gtsVi
,Aoge
't
'ha//l-tt- k'gi
wwop
K
eso
YS
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gpa-
Iiig. 4.
,
%e
.lllllsssgf-" //tlil・lilz
z'"ias I2t
wwH
%tttw
mawh
' g(ldi・・''
ttttttt
G., fll)
a.ew.ISIIes
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r
・ii
i
Gas
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E
as
'bsuee
e
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f;ill],
ffllS.
g bS.
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Rsots{twlt IItsf.ilgD.
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,igeoX
ewx tt
/.
ffg$tt t℃9,,
Rli>
ee・ew
La7}}iotao'ia aoiyztstata I<Ji£L-M. Various £orms of the fema.le
ga,inetophytes, from l5-20 day eultzire. ×867. A-II. One ee]led female gameto-phytes. D-G. One celled female gametophytes with mature oogonia; the eell
is deeidedly elongatea and the eliTomatophores in the oogonium eell are erowdea
toget,her at the apex. J-Adi. [Vwo eeliea female ganietophytes. N. [Vlaree eelled
female gametephytes.
Development of youRg Sporephytes
Wheii the egg is £eytilized the cell divls!on takes plaee (Fig. 5,B).
[Vhe ne"vxT spor'ophytes grow rapidly, and in the 30-50 day eultuye many o£
them develop oiie or more rhizoids (Fig. 5, C-D). Furthey deve}opment
is entirely similay to that o£ other Laminayiaeeous plants, and theye a.re nospeeial remarks to be offered.
i・tf,'stg.
S3'
On the Gan}etoph}'tes
?EOtli1rs
B
A
k,XSs,b,
of Sonle
ewow
vLrw
&g c'..
J'apnneseSr)ec・ie$oEIJ:uuim"tria]eslV 299
J' ./:/:..1.1-".'g.
II(,]td]v.LA[. A. An ogg :iust discl:n'ge(t out- of
S.mn]l :tmoi}nt of vhismii, :tn(! cr]iro]ii:tto-
×6L'L'. IB. IIL'ftrll}r st}tge of the spoi'ophyte,
spQ]'opl}Lyte (Eeyeloping :t i'hizoi(l. fi{i t'he
II). I:'ni'thei' deye]ovnient o£ tlie $poi'oph:'te,
cribrosum l3oi{,y
"',idel,x, distrib'utted in this (rotm,t/ir,vi
' to as /Ear sout/'h. as Omt}, .EILomoi'i
oi'. IIokl<aid(')', an(I o,n, tlie {l'apan Sea,
to as £a]' sout}'i as the no.i,'th-eastei."n coast
sublitt/o/ral. belt, assoeiated with Pltylo-
l'l'ie coasl/ o'f', A・krro/irtm its g,]rowing zo.ne is
at a depth o£ sevei'al l'.atl](nns "r'he'ire t'he
.' ])ab.ito£t'hi.spla,ntis'veyye'harae- Laininarja(teous plants in this d'is,l/]riek
from late iii xv.ipte'r to eEuily in spying.
,a ",,
IMg. ;5. .La・mina)'ia a・nyit,ytttta
the oog'oi]ium, from iL)O clnLy eulhu'o.
pho];es :n'e le£t・ i.n the oogonimn eell.
ti]'om 20 da.v eu]tu]'e. ×6L)Lt. (t. '>rotmg
base, tfiro]n 50 du:' eu]ture. × !L);7iO.
f]'om L' moi]t'1i cult'ure. × 160.
XVIIII. Agarum
Jly(.oii"it・ ci'iL}i'ostfijt Boi{y /is rat/he±'
li; i$ /liound gro"'i]}gr !'}.'om the I)'Luri.]es
I.'rell'ectttre, alo.ngr t]ae I'a(ri:fie (roast
si(le it. ,is foiin(t fvo]n, Sas,halien
o'ii Ko]rea. It・ s,]]roxvs on ]'oeks in t}]e
spa(7i:it, a l<i])a ()/ff sea g,rass. On
limit'e(l onlx' iR the stiblittora] be]t/ -.ivtite].' js i,'at}ieir (li.iiet. Ai]. eeo]oo'ieal
tei.'isti(r, when eompa'i.'ed "'ith oti}ei.'
1]hese plants become so]ilierous
3oe {I], KAND.k
as・;・
tl
i-".if
sc't'
' '
Ei'"s'$iige
Y..
xif
,)t);r.'
.1・.e
aslllisi;si"
IEig. 6. Aga)'tt・m eJ'ibi'ostt・m BoRy. Hnbit of [tn old pl:mt beftri]ig zoosporangia;
eo]leeted at )・Iuroran in )'11:'iv. tt
[I]he zoosp()rai]gia are produced at. first in the hollow・s surirounding the
perforations, or in the depressions on both surfaees of t・he b].ade, alNva.v, s
Ieaving narrois' borders a]oiig the perforations and both margins sterile.
The sporophlrte of Agai'ion c・r`ibiiosum BoRy is perennial, but the length
.
OntheGametophytesofSomeJapai}eseSpeeiesofLaminarialesIV 301
of time that it may live has not been observed exaetly. A defuiite seasonal
vayiatio]k of the vegetative £rond ii}ay not be reeog'nized ilt this speeies.
In ear}y spring, fyoin lpsebruary to Maych, ho"Tever, the seeond yeay b}ade
begins its growth at the transition region bet"reen blade and stipe. Tke
zoospoi'angia are pyodueed on. t・his newl.y developed part, while the oi{l
'partremainssterile. ' . The material £ey tl'].e preseiit iiives£igat,ion was eollecte(i on the eottst
o£ Muroyan. Cultures were made twiee, in Februar.xr 1935 and in Ap]ril1939.
I.f the material is £ully matured, t}}e zoospores are libeyated wlthinan hour, but the }iberation of zoospores is veyy pooy whei} eompaxed wlth
DX..i・l,isFF.;.,o'I・i・ '.i,,.'・・・ ',,i.,・,
AB-c ''O.E.'''OgE"MO"}I 1111/,,(Slj ,igl.,1
Kgag@Qii,gMst,,:,. Iliiie xee Pg
(li) .e""i'
o es o9
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L
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o;
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ig o ,.i'
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t.
tt.t tttt
ejS./・
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/r
' e ;・i !,,e. ' t/t 1/tt;/ e: O },../i, ・s'i.il':.
.di illg63
o q,O,e,a
o ・,kr eEie,g',,/・.
ttltt ttt
Zoospoi'e andllesting Zoospore.
G-H.
li'ig. 7. Agar・um cribroszt・nz BoBy.
A. Zoospe]'e iii moti]e state. B.
Germinatioii of the zoospore, from 6 day eulture.
eu]tttre; the eontents o£ the oi'iginal eell niigrateI.-K. Sporelings from 24 day e,ult・ure, shGwing
Three ee]lea gametopl)ytes £rom 24 day cultm'e.day eultui-e .
'f' ;.. -//
o io 11
' /・
, r.e・" -:;:ex
S,. g{s
1'1''6illi.
-;'e.. 2・11/,
Q ljlil・ilil・
t,r.glliilf ,,,
-. ・.tk.・/tz・・
C). 'i'e""e kge@"' tslil.fl・ IIIII.llil..ll・:・.
its gennination ×970. C. Embryospore. ID-F. Sporelings from 12 day into distal part of the tube.
the fixst cell division. L-N.
O-Q. Gametopliytes from 30
302 T. KANbA
'that of othey Ilaminariaeeous p].ants. The thalli were removed as quiekly
・as possible, because the zoospores are liable to deeay if they we℃e ]e£t
'standing' too long, on aeeount of the brown j'uiee oozed out of £he thal}i..As was. observed in Eisenia and Eekloitia the zoospores of Agaru・]n
e' O'
o9'
g・,ke・S .
.ooObC'
iiiliigti
C
t
T ・. e. e, O tl "e 'I
t/ 'e"t'ee
tl2
,i ・e
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ell) s
tt
・ e.'X;"e'
ts 9・'・gS
.tsttes..,
ase o' tt '
pm e-tq
'
A 41ie:Z
''k'eo{f.i'5ilSi''
Oe"olitl3,iOO
h'.・
.e xe
fi o ri
l}l.-
1' e 1
.oo
'dix
gl!li
9k・. o", ., .G.e3'abg$
,;W
E);0・0
.e ]Eii,i・・
83'e
eE ,odkWS?fiwN.g,
I. ' .O 'Zilab trp.kog2>Oo .paajl.:. e. " D ',1
(spi ewef$eq"l'.s/t
oO
oi'fit --ee
-oX
o''o'
c
e
A"
g}ii
1,e'OJ
loo
o .'./
g'di," '3.Ce'
・8'ditr[leagss・E
';<':)' ,' a'
Cf).ge.g.・
':" go.: s・'
ts, g{es
pt-di'eDV"o ab
" E" %.,ers
,th di
E,",ss.ct'
o
o
o.
o
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e.
e 1.
o
gas)
t
,gSat・A
oBgg
beoooe
t- di
's[li
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e・,
't ' x.
e.Vse
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Ro・'IE
n・ c) E・・
.o o
, ge gee ・o'"' ge
o giy
d..., gO
£
.℃ ,k・・
aEi'・(iS,,,'
tsil・ "
o ・・x - t .tt tt
,gtt.1・ U '1'/
-as o
oe
'eo
F .-,g%8
o'e13iv
t. @ t..
ttttttagt
e
H
'.e oc2,R,
w
/1'' o
0i7"`iP
e
S
,Q
etw-.・. ,
tttt
o :・
e ・・r・i・・・
11;,1・ge
g%
" ・1'・1
g.
5dt tt'Oe
o.G
o"e・g
"o'
k・
o'
. Il}il
-.
p
0(・y
a
E3ize,
W.ge %
o. %g
Fig. 8. Agarum eribros2tm Borey. Developmellt・ o£ the gametophytes fyom20-42 day eulture. A. Fiiamentous gametophyte with irregular braiiehlets.
×44e. B. Irregularly })ranehea gametophyte from 30 day eult・ure. x665. C.
Ditto, frem 42 da,y eulimre. ×440. D. Filamentous gametophyte fi'om 20 day
eulture. ×665. E-Y'. Dit・to, £rom 30 day eulture. ×665. G-H. Ditto, filioin 20
day eulture. × 665.
OntheGametophytesoESomeJ'apftneseSx}eeieso£IJaminarialesIV 3e3
ci'ibros2em IBeRy aye easily poisoned by this byown juiee, so that the
k/'eatment oRght to be eayrled out・ as quiekly as possible.
So fay as the "Tritey is aware, iio eultural. expeyimen.ts of the zoospores
o£ the ge]],us Ayao'・iem have been made hitherto.
N<iiiii
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Wig. 9. 2fl.garu?n cribrosu7it BoR¥. Variotts forms ef the male g'ameto-
phytes, with elttsters ef niature tuitheridia a]id empty bealgs at the t,ips o£ tliebranches, from 30-40 day eult・ure. in. A'Ittle gfamete in motile stat,e. x ttt44,.
304
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Fig. .1.0. Agarum cribrosum Bony. phytes. A-B. Four eelled stage of tlie eulture. xrt54. C-D. Well nourished
eells, from 4e day eulture. ×554. eoils/isting of niiie eells, from 34 day
gametophyte with branehes. ×554. G-H. frcm 65 day eulture. x334.
Zoospores and th
p}aeed ellia, one curved
substaltees, but always laek an
g-,rw
rcgei"'t/
・l'E'ee.
asuei
Various ・ female female E. Iryegularly brmxelied £emale gametophyte eulture. Well developed female .crametophytes
eir Germination
The zoospoyes aye peay-shaped, about 8-9sc in length, have two laterally
ehyomatophore, one nueieus and some graBulay eye-spot (Fig'. 7,A). They swim aetively
..・e. as, di .e.1 kt,
ffll!l ' ' s. '
foyms o£ gametopliytes,
gametophytes
×554. M
A eo
Ql fflk gi y
'vss..gede・,,l{.tY"'re
B E・ff・Sffi,lili,,,.,g,,,,L.l/・''"i}si:iiiii'
l¥klbdi'
-fa. ggmetaj
asglg
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ee/, Setiy-
the female gameto-
from 28 da}reonsisting of many
Filamentous female
On tlie Gametopl)ytes ef Some [l'ap:/tnese Sp. eaies o£ I]amina'riales IV 305
at fiyst, but soonei' or iater they beeome motion}ess. Whey lose their eilia
be£ox'e loxig, beeome spherieal i]i shape, invested wi£h a, membrane and
£asten themselves to the s}ide-glass (l]"ig. 7,IB-C). Within 6 days aftey
they have se£tled, a germinatioll tttbe gyows oat from the spore (Fis.. 7,
D-F). The dlstal end of the tube swells np, aBd a £ransverse xvall is
£ormed so as to separate it from the tube (Flg. 7, G-II). As the eu}tureprog]resses, t}]is enlarged distal end gradua}1>r liiereases lts }engthJ wlt}]in
it
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sctt'g"ag13,sgilliSr E3SJ..,.f
eqt2}EIEIa-t".r.y',".e.,enh'bl
Agaraon・ cj'・ib7'osum Boiiy. Female
oogoi]ia and egg-eells, and the
va -e&uorJ$iiE?{lp
.eeox""tYE
ge
',e' ,.'
lpaptf:3SSI;
i g.'ti)".mpS
J. .".''.eocwr
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puig. ll. g'ametopliytes, showing theformation of developmeiit o£ the }roung sporo-phytes. ×312. A. Well (lexrelepea female gametopl}Jrtes with oogonia anC{ egg-eells, Erom 4e day eulhire. B-C. iE'enia]e gnmetopl]ytes eonsisting of irregulaxly
brttnehea filamen,{,. D. Fem:/tle gfimei'ophste wvith >'oung sporopliyte.,
306 ll]. KANDA
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"・xl'
IE"i,g. I2. Aga・ruon ci'ibros・u7n BoR,y. Il]iemale
sporophytes. ×320. A. An egg resting at the openmgshape of tlae female gametophyte is vei'y eha・raeteristie.
phytes and au egg cell deve]oped from single female
B'urthei' developmellt o£ young sporop}iytes, from 40 day eulture.
., %ee"`'#tiftititttlill.c'(o,¥o
p "
o oi t"g er .di.
trS/ I}I{;ji.d',t・;'i .v/;; e.reE.o:s.t.f'{k;ge6Ifl.iiglttg'"./i.t/[..ir'v
gametophytes and young
' o£theoogonittm. The B. Two young sporo- gamotophyte. (FD.
OntheGametophyteso£SomeJapaneseSpeeiesof:"aminarialesIXT 307
24 days, t,he plants are divided into £zzr・o or moye eells by transveyse wa].ls,
to give a filamentous appeara}iee, t・he ],eRgth o£ t・he single eel} measmrii]sr
up to 22,Lt, whi}e £he breadth o£ a eell does not exeeed 8,u (Fig. 7, I-N).[l]he geiiera} appearance o.f the gametophytes at t・his stag'e is ver>' e}'tayae-
t,eristie, and shows a styong yesemblanee to that o£ Clostaf'ia- costa・ta・ ([VuR,/N.)
SAUND.
After £his, the byeadth o£ eaeh eel} gradually in,eyeases, and in tke30 da>r eu}tuwe, the plants shoxxr loosely branehed filaments eonsistiug o/ff
seveural eells (Fig. 7, O-Q, IJ'ig'. 8). {l]he differentiation of the two types of
gametophytes may be reeogn.!zed at this st,age.
Male Gametophytes aRd Male Game£es ' As the aceompanying figuyes show, tl,ie shape aiid general appeaya]iee
of the ma}e gametopliytes of 'this plant are ve]ry eharae-
teristie, and exeeedingl>r
diffevenl] £i'orn those of La?n・i-
na・ria, E21senilct, Ecklonila, e£e.
They £orm a}i iryegularlybranched filaineiit eon.sisth}o' oof a lars.e iimnber o£ eells(Flg`. 9). 'When the malegametop}'iytes appyoach tomaturity small eells ax'e eut
of at t}'ie apex of the braiiehes,
£orm2ng a eluster of antheyi-
dia (Ii'ig. 9). At maturity
the antherozoids are pressed
out £rom £he opening at thetips of the antheridia. They
aye pear-shapea, measurlngabout <F5,ce in length, have
two lateral}y plaeect e!lia of
almost equal lellgth, blit
neither ehromatophore n.oyeye-spot is observed.
, '
Female
The shape and size o.£ t・he
BA
,x
er ,
Fig.13. Agar・ztmeribrosumBoRy. Develop-
ment e£ the young sporopliyt・es. A-B. Yom}g,
sporophytes wit・h numerous i'h'izolds. ×].20. C.
Ditto, fi'om 40 da}r eulture. × 23e.
Gametophytes aMd Eggs
feiT}aie gametophytes as wel.1 as t.he diameter
3e8 C:. KANDAo£ eaeh eell o£ this plant is wide}y vax'iabie. Soixie eonsist of a ratbey
smali nmnber of cells (Fig. 10, F-[E[, Fig. 11). When the female gameto-
phyte ls between 40-50 days old, some cells o£ t}xe gametophyte metamor-
phose !nto an oogonium (Fi.cr. 11). The ehromatophores o£ the oogoniumee}I beeome small ii} size, and the eolltei}ts beeome more liquefied, exerting
strong inteynal pressure. At matuyity t}}e egg is pressed out tlirough the
opening', and remains attael}ed there (Flg. 11).
Deyelopment of young Sporo})hy£e
[[)he first eell Clivisioi} oE t・he £ertilizedt egg'-eell may be observe(! i.n the
40 days cRlture. (8'ig. Il,D). The rliizoids ma}<e their appearanee at the
base o£ t}}e sporophyte. A dise-shaped expa・nsion develops at t・he base o£
t.he blade as in o£her eases. Tkeye are i}o spee2a} remax'I<s to be offeyect on
the Clevelepmeiit o£ t,he yomig sperophytes (I]"ig. 13).
Discussion and Summaary
l. Most of the £emale gametophytes o£ La7ninar・ia ao'tg・zestata KJELLM'.
are ullieellular, aiid show some x'esembiance to those o£ .l)aminarict YencZoa7zce
MIyABE.
2. Theye are no speeia} eliaraeterlsties to be yemai'1{ed oii the shape
and habit o£ the male gametophytes o£ tZ)a7nina・ria angustata KJEilanM., when
eompareCtNsTiththoseoieotherlllJaminarlaeeousplant・s. '
3. In Laoniozaria aotgiestata KJELL]M[. the iength o£ time necessary £oi'
the matuyation o£ both types o£ gametophytes is rat・her short3 wkhin 7-9
days a£ter t・he liberation o£ zoospores, two types oS game£ophytes ayedist,inguished, a,nd wit・hin 24 days t・hey reaeli maturity.
4. So £ar as t}}e proeess o£ germination o£ zoospore, t・he shape ai}dgene]ral appearanee of tl]e gametophytes aye eoneeyned, there exists a
remarkab}e yesemblaiiee between Agaruin cr・ibrosuon IBoRy and Uosta7"・ia
costa-ta ([I]vRN.) SAvND., espeeially the shape o£ t,}}e male gametophytes,
havins,' Ioosely branehed fiIamentous strReture gives a s£rikii}g eharaeteristie.
5. In Agaruon cribrost"n BoRy, the diffeerentiation o£ tNNro types o£g`ametoph,ytes was ebserved ln plants of 28 day euiture.
6. Tl}e zoospores, as xxrell as the male gametes of both speeies stttdied
i],i the Present woyk always laek an eye-spot.
.
PLAT:E LIX
l.-
L>.
3.
4.
5.
ll)LATE 59
xtstcu'uni cr'ibj'osu・nt Boliy.
II"oux yeung svorophytes an(l two oogoniti, devclc)ped fyom sins.le female
gmnetopli}rte.
IYemale gametopliytes with /filan}entous appeariui{;e, bearillg oogo3iia.
Yotuig spei'ophytes an(l inatiu'ea oogo]iia.
We]l developed femal,e gtunetop}]yte with mature oogoi}itt, anCl an egg,
just diseha]'ged out of the oogollium.
Well aeve'!oped male gttmetophyte wit,}i profusel}' l)rtu}e}ieCt filament・.
CI]lic habit an(l gellcra'i aspect of the male giunetophytes tu'e very
eharaeteristie,
.
[KANDA]PLATE 59
バ ヒ
4鍵騨臨監… ’、 し
1 ’・ 、∴ ・ノ
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4
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