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IoT Deployment and Challenges in

Rural Areas

Seminar on Future Network for Smart Digital Malaysia

Putrajaya Marriott Hotel

19th September 2017

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Team Members

MIMOS

Ir. Dr. Hafizal Mohamad

Ir. Dr. Nordin Ramli

Azrulmukmin Azmi

Ahmad Zaki Abu Bakar

Azmi Yaacob

University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Rosdiadee Nordin

Prof. Dr. Mahamod Ismail

Prof. Dato' Dr. Mushrifah Idris

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanudin Zakaria

Dr. Mehran Behjati

Dr. Anabi Hilary Kelechi

Dr. Khairul Azmi Abu Bakar

NICT, Japan

Dr. Kentaro Ishizu

Dr. Fumihide Kojima

Hoang Vinh Dien

Nobuyuki Asai

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Outline

Introduction

Tasik Chini

Deployment

Pusat Penyelidikan Tasik Chini (PPTC)

Water Quality Monitoring Stations

Challenges

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Introduction

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Tasik Chini

Tasik Chini is the second largest fresh water lake in Malaysia. The lakeshores are inhabited by the Jakun branch of the Orang Asli (indigenous people).

The 12,565 acres (5,026 hectares) lake is made up of a series of 12 lakes. Sungai Chini, which drains from the lake, flows into Sungai Pahang.

Tasik Chini is one of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve status sites in Malaysia.

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UNESCO Biosphere Reserve

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/malaysia/tasik-chini

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Tasik Chini

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9

10

Deployment

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Pusat Penyelidikan Tasik Chini (PPTC)

Research center facilities (belongs to UKM)

Command Control Centre and Monitoring Stations for data collection (water quality)

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12

Monitoring Lab (PPTC) (green) and

Monitoring Stations (yellow)

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14

Control Centre at PPTC

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Monitoring Station

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Current Setup

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Sample Measurements at Jemberau Station

Dissolved Oxygen (ODO) and Acidity (pH), Saturday, 15/10/2016 12:00 am

to 3:00 pm

GUIDELINE:

• 0-2 mg/L: not enough oxygen

to support life

• 2-4 mg/L: only a few fish and

aquatic insects can survive

• 4-7 mg/L: good for many

aquatic animals, low for cold

water fish

• 7-11 mg/L: very good for most

stream fish

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Challenges

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Current Setup: Network Connectivity

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Poor signal coverage from

the cellular telecom

operators

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Propagation EnvironmentS

g.

Ch

ini

St.

Jera

ng

kin

g S

t.

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Network Infrastructure & Connectivity

LoRa

WiSUN

Others – NB-IoT, Weightless, TVWS …

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Location of LoRa Gateway at PPTC

LoRa

Gateway

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PPTC, UKM

Note:

Pusat Penyelidikan Tasik Chini (PPTC) is

Tasik Chini Research Centre

1 km

3 km

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PPTC, UKM

Note:

Pusat Penyelidikan Tasik Chini (PPTC) is

Tasik Chini Research Centre

1 km

3 km

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RSS vs. Distance

• RSS for actual

measurement at Tasik

Chini and theoretical

propagation models is

given in this slide.

• NLoS propagation model

is based on Hata Model

for different gateway

(GW) and sensor node

(SN) height.

• Green diamond markers

and red square markers

represent the simulated

configuration for GW =

30m & SN = 10m, and

GW = 6m & SN = 2m,

respectively.

Comparison of LOS/NLOS models and measurement at Chini Lake (Freq = 922MHz)

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Summary

Ultimate aim

Provide IoT solution for environmental preservation (sensors, connectivity, middleware, analytics etc)

Challenges

Network Infrastructure & Connectivity – Propagation environment, vegetation effect, terrain, etc

Business Model– Community and environmental driven

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Thank You!

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Network Architecture (LTE and TVWS Network)

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Spectrum Measurement Results

Access in Band 450MHz (CDMA450) is also active. The CDMA 450 is characterized as having

Upper band: 462.090MHz to 466.360MHz and Lower band: 452.090MHz to 456.360MHz.

Furthermore, there is a need for MCMC to investigate why there is high power from 413MHz

to 422MHz. at 465 MHz. In the MCMC spectrum chart currently in use, the band 460—470

MHz is not allocated. However, a high signal was captured. Based on ITU regulations, this

band is reserved for Fixed Mobile or Meteorological-Satellite (Space-to-Earth). By this

information, we hope that MCMC is aware that satellite beams are transmitting using spectrum

band.

Figure 3. Measurement from 400MHz to 499MHz.

Figure 4. Measurement from 500MHz to 599MHz.

-102

-97

-92

-87

-82

400

404

409

413

418

422

427

431

436

440

445

449

454

458

463

467

471

476

480

485

489

494

498

Rec

eiv

ed P

ow

er (

dB

m)

Frequency (MHz)

PPTC

Jenbarau

Gumum

Chini

NoiseFloor

Level2(-97.5dBm)

Level1(-82.5dBm)

-102

-97

-92

-87

-82

500

504

509

513

518

522

527

531

536

540

545

549

554

558

563

567

571

576

580

585

589

594

598

Recei

ved

Po

wer

(d

Bm

)

Frequency (MHz)

PPTC

Jembarau

Gumum

Chini

NoiseFloor

Access in Band 450MHz (CDMA450) is also active. The CDMA 450 is characterized as having

Upper band: 462.090MHz to 466.360MHz and Lower band: 452.090MHz to 456.360MHz.

Furthermore, there is a need for MCMC to investigate why there is high power from 413MHz

to 422MHz. at 465 MHz. In the MCMC spectrum chart currently in use, the band 460—470

MHz is not allocated. However, a high signal was captured. Based on ITU regulations, this

band is reserved for Fixed Mobile or Meteorological-Satellite (Space-to-Earth). By this

information, we hope that MCMC is aware that satellite beams are transmitting using spectrum

band.

Figure 3. Measurement from 400MHz to 499MHz.

Figure 4. Measurement from 500MHz to 599MHz.

-102

-97

-92

-87

-82

400

404

409

413

418

422

427

431

436

440

445

449

454

458

463

467

471

476

480

485

489

494

498

Rec

eiv

ed P

ow

er (

dB

m)

Frequency (MHz)

PPTC

Jenbarau

Gumum

Chini

NoiseFloor

Level2(-97.5dBm)

Level1(-82.5dBm)

-102

-97

-92

-87

-82

500

504

509

513

518

522

527

531

536

540

545

549

554

558

563

567

571

576

580

585

589

594

598

Rece

ived

Po

wer

(dB

m)

Frequency (MHz)

PPTC

Jembarau

Gumum

Chini

NoiseFloor