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Intercomparaison du CO mesuré par MOPITT en visée au nadir et par ACE en occultation solaire: complémentarités pour l’étude du transport de la pollution Solène Turquety, Cathy Clerbaux, Kathy Law, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro Service d'Aéronomie, IPSL, Paris, France. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Intercomparaison du CO mesuré par MOPITT en visée au nadir et par ACE en occultation solaire: complémentarités pour l’étude du transport de la pollution
Solène Turquety, Cathy Clerbaux, Kathy Law, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro Service d'Aéronomie, IPSL, Paris, France.
Pierre-François Coheur, Daniel Hurtmans, Catherine Wespes, Ariane Razavi, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles.
Didier Hauglustaine, Anne Cozic, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, IPSL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Christopher D. Boone, Peter F. BernathDepartment of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
IPCC : CO emissions × 3 for East Asia and India between 2000 and 2100 (scenario A2p) NOx emissions × 4
→ Long-range transport has important implication for air quality in downwind regions
→ Reaches a maximum in spring due to active anticyclone and strong westerly winds
→ Transport mainly in the middle troposphere
→ Trans-Pacific transport of pollution in 5-10 days
Richter et al., Nature, 2005
2001
2001
Heald et al., JGR, 2006
East central ChinaHong Kong
X 106
MOPITT
Clerbaux et al., 2006
Importance of the long-range transport of pollution from Asia
Is there information on Asian pollution in the ACE solar occultation measurements in the middle and upper troposphere?
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
[Clerbaux et al., GRL, 2005]
ACE – Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment
• ACE-SCISAT-1 is a Canadian mission launched on August 13th, 2003
• Primary instrument : ACE-FTS, high resolution IR spectrometer
• Solar occultation : measurement of atmospheric profiles of temperature, pressure and a series of trace gases during sunrise and sunset
• Modified global fit (Levenberg-Marquardt) [Boone et al., 2005]
• Retrieval of key species for tropospheric studies: O3, H2O, H2O2, CO, CH4, C2H6, C2H2, HCN, CH3Cl, SF6, OCS, HNO3, PAN,…
• Vertical resolution ~4km in the middle and upper troposphere
http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca/mission.htm
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Exploiting the complementarities for the study of long range transport
Focus on March-April 2005, a time period with ACE observations at mid-latitudes
1. Intercomparison of CO observations : MOZAIC (in situ), MOPITT (nadir), ACE (solar occultation)
2. Study transport event in March-April 2005 with the global model LMDz-INCA
ACE occultations March–April–May 2005 (+)w/ ATSR hotspots (.)
CO @ 500 hPa (ppbv)
40 100 160
MOPITT @ 500hPa – April 2005
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
ACE solar occultation measurements vs. MOZAIC in situ data
Comparisons for March-April-May 2004: +/- 2.5° , +/- 1 day MOZAIC + ACE @ 12km (April, 2005)
20050405(26°N, 54°E)ACE
MOZAIC
500
20050504(46°N, 72°W)ACE
MOZAIC
200
20050506(48°N, 15°E)
250
ACE
MOZAIC
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Intercomparison of remote sensing CO measurements
Rodgers and Connor, 2003:Apply retrieval characteristics of lower resolution measurement (e.g. MOPITT) to higher resolution measurement (e.g. in situ data, model simulations)
Intercomparison of Level 2 retrievals from different instruments: Need to account for characteristics of the retrievals.
ACE CO retrievalAveraging Kernels[Clerbaux et al., 2005]
High vertical resolution~ 4 km
MOPITT CO retrievalAveraging kernelsLow vertical resolution~ 7 km
lowahighlowlowasmoothed ,, xxAxx Smoothed profile using low resolution measurement characteristics
Low resolutiona priori profile
Low resolutionAveraging kernels
High resolution: original retrieval
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
MOPITT nadir vs. ACE occultation measurements
MOPITT – April 4, 2005
* ACE occultations- - ss8848.asc
Intercomparison +/- 1° , same day
MOPITTMOPITT a priori profileACE high resolutionACE/MOPITT (smoothed)
• Good agreement : Δ ≤ 18% • MOPITT tends to give larger mixing ratios in the upper troposphere• ACE observations allows complementary measurement of plume vertical structure
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
DOFs=0.7
Intercomparison +/- 1° , same day
MOPITTMOPITT a priori profileACE high resolutionACE/MOPITT (smoothed)MOZAIC high resolutionMOZAIC/MOPITT (smoothed)ACE+MOZAIC/MOPITT (smoothed)
DOFs ~ 2: information haute troposphère dans MOPITT
DOFs ~ 1: biais ACE / MOPITT dans la haute troposphère, liée à la contribution de la basse troposphère dans MOPITT
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
LMDz-INCA global model simulation
• Global GCM LMDz (Laboratoire de meteorologie Dynamique, zoom), version 4 (http://www.lmd.jussieu.fr/~lmdz)• Chemistry module INCA (Interaction of Chemistry and Aerosols) NMHC version 2: 85 chemical species; over 300 reactions (Hauglustaine et al., 2005, http://www-lsceinca.cea.fr/)• Simulation using the nudged version, driven by ECMWF meteorological fields • Resolution 3.75° longitude x 2.5° latitude, 19 vertical levels (surface – 3hPa)• Anthropogenic emissions from EDGAR v.2; biogenic emissions from GEIA• Biomass burning emissions (1st approximation) : Climatology (average 1995-2003 from Van der Werf et al.) redistributed according to MODIS fire detection for 2005 (monthly emissions)
INCA x MOPITT AK
MOPITT CO @ 700hPa – April 2005 SCIAMACHY tropospheric NO2 (KNMI) – April 2005
INCA tropospheric NO2
Underestimate anthropogenic emissions (Asia) ; Need more accurate biomass burning
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Long-range transport from Asia in March-April 2005
INCA x MOPITT AK
MOPITT @ 500hPa – 20050327-20050404
20050329 20050330
20050331 20050401
20050402 20050403
ACE observations
ECMWF winds
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Comparison of CO from ACE and the LMDz-INCA model
INCA @ 400 hPa20050327-20050404
Average INCA distribution for the days of ACE comparisons
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
ACE occultation
tropopause
Comparison of CO from ACE and the LMDz-INCA model
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
ACE occultation
Comparison of CO from ACE and the LMDz-INCA model
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
INCA @ 400 hPa20050327-20050404
Average INCA distribution for the days of ACE comparisons
Comparison of O3 from ACE and the LMDz-INCA model
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
ACE occultation
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
Comparison of O3 from ACE and the LMDz-INCA model
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
ACE occultation
Stratospheric intrusion?
O3 net production
Fraction of stratospheric O3
CO
NOx
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
ACE occultation
120° 150° 180° -150° -120°
Stratospheric intrusion?
O3 net production
Fraction of stratospheric O3
CO
NOx
Solène Turquety – ADOMOCA, 14 Novembre 2006
Conclusions
Future work
• Comparisons to TES/Aura observations
• Improve emissions in the LMDz-INCA simulation using results from inverse modeling analyses
• Analysis of ozone production during the long range transport
• Assimilation: complementary constraint from different observation geometry? Vertical resolution vs. number of observations intergrated?
• ACE occultation measurements provide information on a series of trace gases with good vertical resolution in the upper troposphere
• CO measurements consistent with MOZAIC in situ and MOPITT satellite measurements
• Combined analysis with nadir measurements (better spatio-temporal resolution, lower vertical resolution) and global model provides information on the global context and transport pathways
• ACE gives detailed information on the chemical composition of air masses in the upper troposphere
• Interesting tool for the study of the long range transport