Islam Ahmadiyya - w...Author :Allama Niyas Fatahpuri Translator: N.Hamid Sahib DTP & Layout :Mudassar Ahmad Published by: Nazarat Nashro Isha’at, Sadr Anjuman Ahamdiyya, Qadian -143516

AlvaZnøm PamAØv

Hcp kao]mhtemI\w

A√mam \nbmkv ^Xlv]qcn

hnh: F≥.lmanZv

]km-[-I¿

\kmdXv \ivtdm CimAØv

kZ¿ A©pa≥ AlvaZnøm ˛ JmZnbm≥

AlvaZnøm PamAØv Hcp kao]mhtemI\w2

AHMADIYYA JAMA’AT ORU SAMEEPAVALOKANAMAuthor :Allama Niyas Fatahpuri

Translator: N.Hamid Sahib

DTP & Layout :Mudassar Ahmad

Published by: Nazarat Nashro Isha’at,Sadr Anjuman Ahamdiyya, Qadian -143516

2nd Edition: 2016

Copies: 1000

Printed at: Orange Offset Printers,Calicut

3AlvaZnøm PamAØv Hcp kao]mhtemI\w

D¿Zp kmlnXyhpambn _‘ap≈h¿°dnbmw \nbmkv Xlv ]qcn BcmsW∂v. B[p

\nI D¿ZpkmlnXyØn¬ \nbmkn\p≈ ÿm\w AZznXobasX. A√ma Hcp henb aX

]finX\pambncp∂p. F¶nepw kmlnXy\t`mafieØn¬ Hcp Db¿∂ Xmcambn ]tim

`n®p XpSßnb Imew apX¬t° At±lw Hcp bp‡nhmZnbpw ùXnI Zm¿i\nI\pam

bn´mWv Adnbs∏´pt]m∂Xv. At±lØns‚ \nKm¿' ]ptcmKa\Nn¥I∑m¿°v F∂pw

Hcp lcambncp∂p. F∂m¬ Ckveman Iaqeyßsf At±lw Hcn°epw ssIhnńcp∂n√.

[m¿ΩnIXsbbpw I¿ΩWyPohnXsØbpw At±lw F∂pw hneaXn®ncp∂p.

]m°nkvXm≥ DSseSpØXn¬ ]ns∂ B cmPyØp \SamSnb t]°qØpIƒ temI

sØßpap≈ Nn¥mioe¿ t\m°n°mWpIbmbncp∂p. 1953¬, AhnsS DSseSpØ

AlvaZnømhncp≤]t£m`w AlvaZnøm ]ÿm\Øns‚ NcnXØn¬ Hcp IpXn®p

Nm´Øns‚ Bcwàmbn´mWv Iemin®Xv. B ]t£m`w Zb\obambn ]cmPbs∏SpIbpw

AlvaZnIƒ B cmPyØv \n¿WmbIamb kzm[o\w t\SpIbpw sNbvXp. AlvaZnøm

]ÿm\Øn\v e`n® A`qX]q¿hhpw AXnhn]pehpamb ]NmchnPbamWv B

]t£m`Øns‚ ]Xy£êw F∂p ]dbmw. _p≤nPohnIƒ°p ]ÿm\sØIpdn®p

]Tn°ms\mchkcw AXp \¬In. Cu ImeL´ØnemWv A√mam \nbmkv ^Xlv]qcn

AlvaZnøm ]ÿm\hpambn ASpØp ]cnNbs∏´pXpSßnbXv. lZvdØv AlvaZp¬

JmZnbm\nbpsS NcnXhpw IrXnIfpw At±lw t\cn´p ]Tn®p. AXn¬ A≤ymXvanI

XbpsS kuµcyw ]Imin°p∂Xmbn At±lw I≠p. AXv shńØpd∂p ]Jym]n°m≥

At±lw aSn®Xpan√. hna¿iIscsb√mw ]pNvOtØmsS X≈nam‰nsIm≠pXs∂!.

1959¬ Xs‚ BZysØ A`n]mb]IS\w \SØnb tijw A√ma JmZnbm\nse

AlvaZnøm tIµhpambn _‘s∏SpIbpw IØnS]mSpI fpsS Hcp ]cºc Xs∂ \S

ØpIbp≠mbn. lZvdØv an¿km hkow AlvaZv kmln_pambn At±lw \SØnb IØnS

]mSpIƒ kpc£nXambn kq£n°s∏ń´p≠v. JmZnbm≥ kµ¿in°pIbpap≠mbn.

A√mam \nbmkv Xs‚ "\nKm¿' amknIbn¬ ]eXhW FgpXnb Ipdn∏pIfpsS kam

lmcamWv Cu IrXn. At±lØns‚ GXp FgpØpw D¿Zp`mjsb kw_‘n®nStØmfw

"¢m n°v ' BWv. AXp aebmfØnem°pI Xptemw ZpjvIcw!. F¶nepw AXv ChnsS

CXm wKnbn¬ \n¿hln®ncn°p∂p. hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX Adp]Xp sIm√°mew Alva

Znøm kmlnXyØn¬ \o¥nØpSn® hµyhtbm[nI\pw ]finX hcy\pamb P\m_v F≥.

lmanZv kmln_v BWv. ]m¿kn ]Zssieo _lpeamb A√mam \nbmkns‚ enJnXßƒ

At±lw tIcfob¿°mbn CXm ImgvN sh®ncn°p∂p. A√mam AlvaZnøm ]ÿm\sØ

]‰n F¥p ]dbp∂p. F∂p a\ nem°m\pw ]ÿm\sØ Ipdn®v \njv]£ambn, BXv

am¿Yambn ]T\w \SØphm\pw kXymt\zjnIƒ°v Cu IrXn ]tbmP\s∏Ss´ F∂p

Rßƒ ]m¿Yn°p∂p. ˛ ]km[I¿

BapJw


C¥ybnse Hcp ]kn≤ ]finX\pw eIv\uhn¬ \n∂pw

]pds∏Sp∂ ‘\nKm¿' F∂ D¿Zp amknIbpsS ]Xm[n]cpam bncp∂

A√mam \nbmkv Xlv]qcn 1959 BKkvXv e°w ‘\nKmdn¬' Alva

Znøm PamAØv F∂ io¿jIØn¬ FgpXnb Ipdn∏mWnXv.

an¿km kmln_v Hcp I≈hmZnbmbncp∂n√ F∂v F\ns° Xbpw

ZrVhnizmktØmSpIqSn ]dbm≥ Ignbpw. At±lw bYm¿∞Øn¬

Xm≥ Xs∂bmWv hmKvZØ alvZn F∂v BXv am¿Yambn hnizkn®n

cp∂p. kapZmbØns‚ kwkvIcWØn\pw kwLmS\Øn\pw Hcp

am¿KZ¿iIt\m D]tZiIt\m FXbpw AXymhiyambncp∂ Hcp

ImeØv Xs∂bmWv At±lw B hmZw ]pds∏Sphn®ncp∂Xv. Hcm

fpsS kXysØ a\ nem°m\p≈ as‰mcp]m[n AbmfpsS ]h¿

Ø\êamWv. F∂m¬ C°mcyØnepw AlvaZnøm PamAØn\p

≠mbn´p≈ hnPbßƒ AhcpsS iXp°ƒ t]mepw \ntj[n°m≥

ss[cys∏SmØhn[w ]Xy£ambn´p≈XsX. AhcpsS ]NmcW

kwLw ]h¿Øn°mØ Hcp ]tZihpw temIØns√∂p ]dbmw.

AhnSßfn¬ Ah¿ ]tXyIamb _lpaXnbpw Io¿Ønbpw Icÿ

am°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. kXyhm\pw BXvam¿YXbp≈bmfpw

A√mXncns° Hcp am¿KZ¿iIt\m D]tZiIt\m CXbpw BXvam

¿YXbp≈ Hcp PamAØns\ krjvSn°m≥ km[yamtWm? GXmbm

epw an¿km kmln_v hfsc BXvam¿YXbp≈ Hcmfmbncp∂psh

∂Xv \ntj[n°mhX√. \njvInbamb apkvenw kapZmbØn¬ ]h

¿Ø\ssNX\yw krjvSam°pIbpw AsXmcp ÿm]nXbmYm¿Y

ambnØocpIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv At±lØns‚ BXvam¿Y

XbpsS êambn´p Xs∂bmWv.

˛ "\nKm¿', eIv\u. BKkvXv 1959.

AlvaZnøm PamAØv


Ckvemans‚ ]p\cp÷oh\w:

AlvaZnøm PamAØneqsS

1969 BKkv‰v e°w "\nKmdn¬' ]kn≤oIcn® Ipdn∏v A√mabpsS

]cnNnXhrØßfn¬ hnhn[ hnImcßƒ Dfhm°n. B Ipdn∏v Nne¿

CjvSs∏SpIbpw a‰p Nne¿°v AXp IpWvTnXhpw a\xt¢ihpw D≠m

°nØo¿°pIbpw sNbvXp. CXns\°pdn®v A√ma: ho≠pw k]v

Xw_¿ e°w "\nKmdn¬' ap¥es°ń¬ Xs∂ ho≠pw Hcp Ipdn

s∏gpXpIbp≠mbn. CsX√mw NnecpsS CSbn¬ Hcnf°ap≠m°n

Øo¿Øp. CXn\nSbn¬ Idm®nbn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ AlvaZnøm Pam

AØns‚ t\¿°p Bt£]amcn tImcns®mcn™psIm≠v, ]kv

XpX Ipdn∏ns\ kw_‘n®p A√ma \nbmkn\p Hcp IsØgpXn

Ab®p. A√ma: B IØpw AXns\°pdn®p X\n°p ]dbm\p≈

adp]Snbpw \hº¿ e°w "\nKmdn¬' ]kn≤w sNbvXncn°pIbmWv.

ssZ¿Ly`bØm¬ IØv ChnsS ]I¿°p∂n√. AXnse Bt£]

ßƒs°√mw A√ma \nbmkn adp]Sn ]d™n´p≠v. Cu adp]Snbn¬

\n∂v IØnse Bt£]ßsfs¥√mamsW∂v A\phmNI¿°v

A\mbmtk\ A`yqln°mhp∂XmWv.

adp]SnXm¶fpsS IØn\p≈ adp]Sn IØpaqew Xs∂ X∂v au\w

Zo£n°msa∂mWv Rm≥ hnNmcnNncp∂Xv. F∂m¬ Xm¶sf s∏mse

a‰p Nnecpw CØcw ktµlßƒ lrZbØn¬ sh®p ]pe¿Øp∂p

≠mbncn°msa∂pw IcpXn "\nKm¿' apJm¥cw Xs∂ Xm¶sf A`n

kwt_m[\ sNøp∂Xv \∂mbncn°psa∂v hnNmcn®p.

AlvaZnøm PamAØns\ Ipdn®v Rm≥ ]ISn∏n®n´p≈ A`n]m

bØn\v Fs‚ hnizmkhpambn´p bmsXmcp _‘hpans√∂ bmYm¿

∞yw BZyambnXs∂ ChnsS shfns∏SpØns°m≈s´. Fs¥

∂m¬ "Cuam≥' F∂ kmt¶XnIi–w sIm≠p hnh£nXamb

hnizmk]amWØns‚ khnkvXc hihpw hninjy AXnse ]Ir

XymXoXhnjbhpw (CXn¬ Dƒs∏´XmWv ]p\cp∞m\w, kz¿Kw,

\cIw, ae°pIfpsS AkvXnXzw, BXvamhns‚ \nXyX XpSßnbh

bv°p≈ PUcq]amb k¶¬]w) kw_‘n®nStØmfw Fs‚ am¿

§w hyXykvXambXmWv. C∏d™ H∂pw Xs∂ PUcq]Ønepw


_mtlyµnbßƒ°pw tKmNcamb \nebnepw ÿnXnsNøp∂Xmbn

Rm≥ hnizkn°p∂n√. Fs‚ Cu \ntj[w Chsbm∂pw CXp

hscbpw F\n°v Kmlyambncp∂ns√∂Xp sIm≠pamXamWv. CØ

cw PUnIamb [mcWbn¬ \n∂pw D]cnbmbn ssZhalØzw kw`m

h\ sNømXncn°pt∂StØmfw Ahs‚ alnamXnibsØ°pdn®p≈

icnbmb t_m[w D≠mbnØocpIbn√ F∂mWv Fs‚ A`n]mbw.

GXmbncp∂mepw Fs‚ Cu \ntj[w Jfi\mXvaIa√. AXm

bXv GsX¶nepsamcp PamAØv DXvIrjvSamb kz`mh kwkvIc

WØn\p ta¬ ]d™ kwKXnIsf√mw A∏Sn hnizkn°pI AXy

¥mt]£nXamsW∂v hnNmcn°p∂ps≠¶n¬ F\n°v AXns\

Ipdn®v FXnc`n]mban√. Cu hnizmkImcyßsf At]£n®v I¿a

ip≤n, kz`mhkwkvIcWw F∂nhIƒ°v ZznXobÿm\w I¬∏n

°mXncn°pIbpw Cu hnizmkImcyßfpw _mlyI¿amNmcßfpw

amXamWv aXØns‚ e£yw F∂p KWn°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂p

sh¶n¬ Ah¿ XßfpsS B hnizmkßfn¬ \ne\n∂psIm≈s´.

aXØns‚ s]mcpƒBenwIfpambn F\n°p≈ A`n]mbhyXymkßƒ°p ImcW

anXmWv. Ah¿ Ckvemw [¿asØ BNmcamXamb I¿am\pjvTm\

Øns‚ D]cnXeØn¬ \n∂v Db¿Øns°m≠p t]mtI≠p∂ Bh

iyIXsb ]cnKWn°p∂n√. Rm\mIs´ aXm\pjvTm\Øn\pw Bcm

[\mI¿aØn\pw c≠mw ÿm\w I¬]n®psIm≠v BXvakwkvImc

sØbpw I¿aip≤ntbbp amWv Ckvemans‚ bYm¿∞ e£yambn

IcpXp∂Xv. Rm\n∏dbp∂Xv Fs‚ k¶¬]hpw A`yqlhpw amX

amsW∂v ]s£ Xm¶ƒ hnNmcn°pambncn°mw. F∂m¬ CXp Hcp

]cam¿Yw amXamsW∂v Rm\pd∏n®p ]d™psIm≈s´. Hcn°¬

Rm≥ hnhn[I£n°mcmb BenwItfmSv tNmZyw sNøpIbp≠mbn:

Bcm[\mI¿aßfpsS A\pjvTm\tam D¬IrjvSkz `mhkwkv

IcWtam GsXm∂mWv km£m¬ hkvXp F∂v. CXn\v AlvaZo

BenwIsfmgnsI as‰√mhcpw DØcw \¬Inbncp∂Xv km£m¬

hkvXp CkvemanI Nnlv\ßsf A\pIcn°pIbmsW∂pw kz`mh

ip≤n amXw tam£Øn\p ImcWamIpIbns√∂pamWv.

F∂m¬, aXsØ CXbpw hn]peamb A¿YØn¬ ho£n°p∂

Hcmƒ GsX¶nepsamcp PamAØns\ Ipdn®p A`n]mbw ]ISn∏n


t°≠nhcptºmƒ AbmfpsS ZrjvSn]YØn¬ Bhn¿`hn°p∂Xv

B PamAØns‚ InbmXvaIamb PohnXsØ kw_‘n® ]iv\

a√msX AhcpsS hnizmk]amWßsfs¥√msat∂m AhcpsS

Bcm[\m\pjvTm\ßsfßs\sbt∂m D≈ ]iv\ambncn°pIbn√

F∂Xp ]Xy£amWv. Cu hkvXpX Xs∂bmWv AlvaZnøm Pam

AØns\ Ipdn®v ]iwkn®p]dbm≥ Fs∂ \n¿_‘nX\m°n

Øo¿ØXv. AXmbXv,

C°meØv Ckvemant\mSp kzbw kw_‘n∏n°p∂ F√m PamA

ØpIfnepw sh®p Cusbmcp PamAØp amXta Ckvemans‚ hnip

≤ÿm]Icm¬ \n¿ZnjvSamb PohnX]ŸmhnepsS ÿncNnØ

XtbmsS k©cn°p∂Xmbn p≈q. Cusbmcp t_m[w F\n°v amXa√

D≠mbncn°p∂Xv. AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ FXncmfnIƒ°pw D≠m

bnØo¿∂n´p≠v. F∂m¬ AhcXp XßfpsS Zpc`nam\Ømtem

A[aXzt_m[w sImt≠m G‰p]dbphm≥ apXncp∂n√. Rm\mIs´

F\n°p≈ A`n]mbw shńØpd∂ßp ]dbp∂p. Cusbmcp

hyXymkap≠v.

FgpØp \o≠pt]mhpIbmWv. F¶nepw Hcp kwKXn IqSn XpS¿∂p

]kvXmhn°p∂Xv Aÿm\ØmIpIbn√. AXmbXv Ign™ Ac

\q‰m≠pImeambn√, Rm\[nIhpw auehnamcpambp≈ t]mcm´

Øn¬ hym]rX\mbncns° AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ t\¿°v Fs‚

i≤ XncnbmXncp∂sX¥psIm≠msW∂pw Ct∏mƒ s]s´∂pw

AhcpsS t\¿°p Xncnbphm≥ ]pXpXmbn Fs¥mcp ImcyamWv

D≠mbncn°p∂sX∂pap≈ hkvXpX ChnsS hy‡amt°≠nbn

cn°p∂p.

]cnh¿Ø\w alnXhy‡nIƒ apJm¥ncwC°meaXbpw Rm≥ apkvenw kapZmbØns‚ timNyÿnXn

sb°pdn®p Nn¥n®psIm≠ncn°pIbmbncp∂p. Ah¿ F¥psIm

≠mWv kmºØnIcwKØpw [m¿ΩnI\nebnepw CXbpw Zb

\obamwhÆw A[x]Xn®p t]mbncn°p∂sX∂p Rm≥ Bcmbp

Ibmbncp∂p. klm_Øns‚ ImeØp≠mbncp∂ AtX Jp¿B≥

A∏Sn C∂pw ÿnXn sNøp∂p≠v. ssIk¿ Inkm NIh¿Ønam

cpsS almkmamPy`cWßsf ASnta¬adn®nSphm≥ Atd_ybn

se aWemcWyhmknIsf sI¬]p‰hcm°nØo¿Ø CkvemanIm


[ym]\ßƒ C∂pw \n¿_m[w \nesIm≈p∂pap≠v. F∂m¬ B

]gb ImesØ apkvenwIf√ C∂p≈Xv. Cu ]Xntemamhÿ

\ΩpsS kapZmbØn¬ amXw ZriyamIp∂X√. CXcaXm\pbmbn

IfpsS NcnXØnepw CXpXs∂ \ap°v ImWpamdmIp∂p. AhcpsS

DXvI¿jm ]I¿jßƒ°p≠mb ImcWßƒ Bcmbp∂Xmbm¬

temIØv GXpImeØpw alØmb ]cnh¿Ø\w hcpØnØo¿

ØXp KŸßf√ Nne alnXhy‡nIƒ amXamWv F∂ Htc \nK

a\Ønembncn°pw \mw FØnt®cpI. AXmbXv, kapZmtbmtØ

PI\mb Hcp ]tXyIhy‡n D≠mbncp∂nStØmfw Imew kap

Zmbw A`nhr[ns∏´psIm≠pt]mIbpw B hy‡n aäd™tXmsS

B P\XbpsS D¬KXn \ne®p t]mhpIbpw A\¥cw Ah¿ kmh

[m\Øn¬ ]pdtIm´p amdn amdn HSphn¬ apºsØ ]XnXmhÿbn¬

FØnt®cpIbpw sNbvXXmbn´p \ap°v ImWmw.

BIbm¬ C∂pw apkvenwIƒ Xmdpamdmbn \mtim∑pJcmbn´v

ImWs∏Sp∂ps≠¶n¬ AXn\p≈ Htc ImcWw Ahsc I¿tam∑p

Jcm°n hnip≤Jp¿Bs‚ A[ym]\Øn\p hnt[bcm°nØo¿

°m≥ t]mcp∂ Hcp hy‡n Cs√∂XmIp∂p. Cu alØmb Imcy

Øn\p \ap°v BenwIfnepw t\Xm°fnepw \n∂p Bsc¶nepw

DZv_p≤\mbn Fgpt∂¬t°≠Xmbncp∂p; F∂m¬ Bcpw AXn\p

apt∂m´ph∂n√.

Cu A\p`hw Fs∂ kw_‘n®nStØmfw G‰hpw thZ\mP\

Iambncp∂p. GsX¶nepw `mKØv \n∂p≈ D¬t_m[\w \ΩpsS

]finXhrØØn\pw Hcp \hssNX\ytaInsb¶ntem F∂p Icp

Xn Rm≥ Nne I¿a ]cn]mSnIsf√mw Ah cpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n®p.

F∂m¬ lm, IjvSw! kzm¿Ytemep]cpw kptJNvOp°fpamb

A°q´¿ AXns\ Xosc Ku\n®n√. Ahsc kw_‘n®nStØmfw

Rm≥ Xosc \ncmis∏SpIbpw kapZmbØnse a‰p hn`mKßfpsS

ÿnXnKXnIƒ Bcmbp∂Xn¬ G¿s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp. Ahkm\

Øn¬ Fs‚ ZrjvSnsN∂p]Xn®Xv AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ t\sc

bmWv. BKkv‰v e°w "\nKmdn¬' Rm≥ kphy‡w ]kvXmhn®n

´p≈Xp t]mse F\n°v Cu PamAØns\°pdn®p \√ A`n]m

bambncp∂n√. F∂m¬ AXns‚ ÿm]Is‚ PohnXhpw A[ym]\

ßfpw AXns‚ kwLS\mhyhÿbpw kw_‘n®p kq£va ]T\w

\SØnbt∏mƒ bYm¿Y Cuam≥ (hnizmkw) tIhew A[cÿamb


it–m®mcWa√ ]hrØn cq]amb km£oIcWamWv F∂

XØzw a\ nem°nbn´p≈ Htc Hcp PamAØv AlvaZnøm PamA

Øv amXamWv F∂v kΩXn°phm≥ Rm≥ \n¿_‘nX\mbnØo

¿∂p. Cu PamAØv AhcpsS i‡amb kwLS\bpw I¿a\ncX

Xzhpw injvSmNmchpw aptJ\ PohnX]≤XnIsf am‰nØo¿°p

Ibpw am\knIi‡nIsf DtØPn∏n°pIbpw ho£WKXn°v

henb am‰w hcpØpIbpw apkvenwIsf ho≠pw Ckvemw aXÿm]

I¿(k) \n¿tZin®ncp∂ B am¿KØnte°v Xncn°pIbpw sNbvXncn

°pIbmWv.

AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ ASnÿm\wXm¶fpsS PohnXhpw AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ PohnXhpw XΩn¬

FX ]ISamb A¥caps≠∂p kzbw Nn¥n®p t\m°pI. CXp

X¿° imkvX\ymtb\ t_m[nt°≠ hnjba√. ]Xy£amb

hkvXpXbmWv. Xm¶fpsS ASp°¬ PohnXsa∂p ]d™m¬ NnXdn

°nS°p∂ hy‡nIfpsS hy‡nKXamb Ncym\n¿WbamIp∂p.

F∂m¬ AlvaZnIfpsS ]°emIs´ PohnXsa∂Xp tIµtØmSv

A\p_‘n® hy‡nIfpsS kajvSnKXamb Ncym\nb¥WØn

\p≈ t]cmWv. Xm¶fpsS ASp°¬ kajvSnXzw hy‡nIfn¬ hn`

‡ambn NnXdnb [qfnt]mse Xmdpamdmbncn°pIbmWv. AhcpsS

ASp°emsW¶n¬ hy‡nIsf√mw H∂p tN¿∂p _ehØmsbmcp

]mitØmSp _‘n®v H‰sI´mbn \n¬°p∂p. Xm¶fpsS ASp°¬

hy‡nIsf _‘n∏n®p \ndpØp∂ sI v A‰pt]mbncn°p∂p. Alv

aZnIfmIs´ Xp∂gn™ KŸØnse XmfpIƒ t]mse NnXdnt∏mb

hy‡nIsf kamlcn®p kwLSn∏n®p sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.

AhcpsS kcfamb hyhlmc A\mUw_cPohnXw BXvam¿YX,

\oXnt_m[w, kXy\njvT, BXvaXymKw, hmKvZØ ]me\w, [¿am

\pjvTm\w, k¿thm]cn AhcpsS tkh\u¬ kpIyw, I¿a\ncXXzw,

B]¬L´Ønse kl\ioew BXv akwba\w˛Chsb√mamWv

AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ ASnÿm`qXamb hkvXp°ƒ. AhcpsS

kajvSnXzku[w Cu kZvKpWßfpsS ASnÿm\ØnemWv \n¿

ΩnXambncn°p∂Xv. Cu KpWßsf AhKWn®Xv sIm≠pXs∂

bmWv CXc apkvenw PamAØpIƒ XßfpsS AkvXnXzw If™p

Ipfn®ncn°p∂Xpw.


F∂m¬ Xm¶ƒ Cu hkvXpXIsfm∂pw t\m°n°mWmsX hnizm

k]amWØnse A][m\amb hnhmZhnjbßsf kw_‘n®

hmZßfn¬ Fs∂ AIs∏SpØphm≥ ian°pIbmWv.

ðZ>ZiŠy&4-ê EGE

ÂZiW>Šy|

XpAkv BXniv ZpJm(≥) _o\o,

a≥ BXiv AkvZpJm(≥) _o\w

""Xm¶ƒ°v B AKv\nbn¬ [qaw amXw ImWs∏Sp∂p;

Rm\mIs´ AXns‚ [qaØn¬t]mepw AKv\n Xs∂ ImWp∂p.''

AlvaZnøm ÿm]Is‚ hy‡namlmXvaywAlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ P\bnXmhmb an¿km kmln_ns\

Ipdn®p≈ Fs‚ ]T\w C\nbpw A]q¿Wamb \nebn¬ Ccn

°p∂tXbp≈q. At±lØns‚ NcnXhpw A[ym]\ßfpw ]cn

jvIctWmZyahpw ZuXyhpw At±lØns‚ Jp¿ B\nI⁄m\hpw

hnizmkkn≤m¥ßfpw At±lØns‚ A]Zm\ßfpsa√mw a\

nem°p∂Xn\v FX Imew ]nSn °psa∂v F\n°v ]dbm\mhn√.

F¥p sIms≠∂m¬ Ahsb kw_‘n®v Iqe¶jamb ]T\Øn\p

Hcp `KocY ]bXv\w Xs∂ th≠nbncn°p∂p. CXp ]t£ Fs‚

Ignhn¬ s]´Xmbncn°bn√. F∂ncp∂mepw, CXphscbp≈ Fs‚

A\p`h ⁄m\sØ kwt£]n®v ]dbphm≥ \n¿_‘nX\mIp∂

]£w Rm≥ Iehd IqSmsX ]dbp∂p: an¿km kmln_v Akm[m

cW a\°cpØpw ÿncNnØXbpw A¥¿ZrjvSnbpw Imcy⁄m\

hpap≈ Hcp ]K¬`mXvamhmbncp∂p. alm[njWmimenbmb

At±lw khntijamb BXva`mhtØmSp IqSnbmWv BKX\m

bXv. Xm≥ apP±nZpw alvZnbpamsW∂p≈ At±lØns‚ hmZw

ASnÿm\clnXamb H∂mbncp∂n√.

CXns\ kw_‘n®pw AsXßs\? F¥p sIm≠v? F∂nß

s\bp≈ tNmZyßƒ Ft∂mSv tNmZn°pI. Fs¥∂m¬ AØ

cØnep≈ N¿®bv°v kpZo¿Lhpw khnkvXchpamb Hcp \ncq]Ww

Bhiyambn hcpw. ]IrXhnjbw as‰m∂mWt√m. F¶nepw Xm¶

fpsS IØns\ ap≥\ndpØn Hcp kwKXn ChnsS ]kvXmhn°m

Xncn°m≥ \n¿hmlan√. AXmbXv Xm¶ƒ ]kvXpX PamAØns‚


t]cn¬ D∂bn®ncn°p∂ an°hmdpw F√m Bt£]ßfpw tIhew

A¿YclnXhpw A_≤PSnehpamsW∂p Xs∂. amXa√ Ahbn¬

NneXv XnI®pw Xm¶fpsS Dulßsf ASnÿm\s∏SpØnbp≈

hbpamWv. Ahbv°v bmYm¿Yyhpambn bmsXmcp _‘hpan√.

Bt£]ßfpsS \nc¿YIX1. AlvaZnøm PamAØv AhcpsS km£m¬ hnizmkkn≤m¥

ßƒ CkvemanI cmPyßfn¬ ]kn≤s∏SpØp∂ns√∂mWv Xm¶ƒ

]dbp∂Xv. CXp icnb√. H∂maXv Ah¿ hntZißfn¬ ]Ncn∏n

°p∂Xp apkvenw P\kmam\yØn\p≈ AtX hnizmkmibßfmbn

cp∂psh¶n¬ Ah¿ Xo¿®bmbpw AXns\°pdn®p tNmZyw sNø

s∏Spambncp∂p. \nßfpsS hnizmkßƒ `qcn]£ apkvenwI

fptSXp Xs∂bmbncns° \nßƒ ]tXyIw PamAØmbn ]ncn™p

\n¬t°≠p∂ Bhiysa¥v? F∂ tNmZyØn\p Ah¿ DØcw

]dtb≠nhcp ambncp∂p. F∂m¬ Bcpw CtXhsc AhtcmSp Cu

tNmZyw D∂bn°pIbp≠mbnń√. Xs∂bpa√, A\y`mjIfn¬

]kn ≤w sNøs∏Sp∂ AhcpsS hI ]Xßfpw amknIIfpw eLp

teJIfpw hmbn®p t\m°p∂Xmbmepw XßfpsS hnizmk

]amWßfpw Bibm`n]mbßfpw Ah¿ ad®psh°p∂ns√∂p

ImWmhp∂XmWv. Xßƒ kXysa∂p hnizkn°p∂h Xs∂bmWv

Ah¿ ]ckyambn ]t_m[\w sNøp∂Xpw. Ctßb‰w an¿km

kmln_ns‚ IrXnIƒ CXc`mjIfn¬ X¿÷a sNøs∏ń´pap≠v.

AlvaZnøØns‚ bYm¿Y ZuXyw temIsØ Adnbn°p∂Xn\mbn

´sX Ah¿ B X¿÷aIƒ A®Sn®nd°nbncp∂Xv. A^vKm\nkv

Xm\n¬ sh®p AhcpsS ap_√nKv (anjy\dn) AlvaZnøm hnizmkw

]Ncn∏n°p∂Xn¬ G¿s∏´psh∂ Htc Ip‰Øn\p h[n°s∏ńcp

∂Xp Xm¶fdn™nńs√? AhcpsS as‰mcp ap_√nKv ZnaivIv (Uam

kv°kv)¬ sh®v CtX ImcWØn\v amcIamb \nebn¬ IpØn

apdnth¬∏n°s∏SpIbp≠mbn´pap≠v. 1924¬ AlvaZnøm t\Xmhv

hnwªnbnse k¿haXalmktΩf\Øn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂Xn\p th≠n

e≠\nte°pw t]mIp∂ hgn°v ZnaivIn¬ Cdßn Xmakn°pIbpw

AhnSsØ BenwIfpambn AlvaZnøm hnizmkmibßsf A[nI

cn®p hmZ]XnhmZw \SØpIbpw sNbvXn´p≈Xp ]kn≤amb kwK

XnbmWv. Cu \ne°v A\ycmPyßfn¬ AhcpsS ]NmcW kº

Zmbw thsdm∂msW∂p≈ Xm¶fpsS k¶¬]w Xo¿®bmbpw A_


≤amWv. e≠\n¬ \n∂p ]kn≤amIp∂ "CkvemanIv dnhyp' F∂

amknI I≠n´mbncn°mw Xm¶ƒ Cßs\ A`n]mbs∏´Xv. B ]X

KŸØn\p AlvaZnøm PamAØpambn bmsXmcp _‘hp ans√∂

hkvXpX Xm¶ƒ°v Adn™pIqSmbncn°mw.

2. Xm¶fpsS as‰mcmt£]w IAv_mbn¬ \n∂p lPdp¬ AkvhZn

(IdpØ I√n) s‚ Hcp IjvWw tamjvSn®p sIm≠p hcm≥ AlvaZn

Iƒ DZyan®n´ps≠∂XmWs√m. Xm¶fpsS Cu ip≤KXnsb°pdn®v

Rms\¥p ]dbm\mWv? BivNcyw! Xm¶ ƒ Fßs\bmWv CXn¬

hnizmkw sIm≠Xv? Ahsc¥n\p Aßs\ sNøWw Fs∂m∂p

Xm¶ƒ BtemNn°cptXm! JmZnbm≥ as‰mcp IAv_bm°n Xo¿°p

hm\mbn´mtWm? AYhm B I√v kz¿Kobm\pKlßfpsS BI¿

jWtIµamsW∂p IcpXnbXn\mtem? F∂m¬ a°m aZo\ F∂

]pWyÿeßfpsS t]cn¬ Ah¿°p≈ _lpam\mZcßfpsS B

\nehmcw apkvenwIfn¬ at‰sX¶nepw I£nbv°p≈Xmbn ImWp

I ]bmkamsW∂ hkvXpX Xm¶ƒ°v Adn™pIqSmbncn °mw.

Cu ÿeßtfmSp≈ AhcpsS _‘w lPdp¬ Akv hZv inebpsS

ImcWØmtem IAv_ aqSp∂ "Knem v' (Xnc »oe) tlXphmbnt´m

D≈X√. ]ns∂tbm? Cu ÿeßƒ°v temIØp sh®v G‰hpw

tijvT\mb Xncp\_nbpsS P∑tZihpw hnlmccwKhpw Bbn

cn°m\p≈ ku`mKyw kn≤n®ncn°p∂psh∂Xn\memWv Ah¿°v

Ahbpambn Cu Aùaamb _‘ap≈Xv. CXp tamjWw aptJ\

A]lcn°s∏Smhp∂ Hcp _‘a√t√m!

AlvaZnøm PamAØpw AhcpsS t\Xm°fpw Fßs\bp≈hcm

bncp∂mepw CØcw tNjvSnXßfm¬ XßfpsS kz¥w ZuXyØn\p

lm\n hcpØphm≥ amXw Ah¿ AX h¶∑mc√ Xs∂.

3. "d_vhbn¬' (]m°nÿm\nse AlvaZnøm tIµØn¬) "Iksd

\p_p∆Øv' Ft∂m "Ikvsd DΩp AJvZkv ' Ft∂m t]cmbn bm

sXmcp sIńShpan√. Aßns\ D≈Xmbn Xm¶ƒ°v e`n® hm¿Ø

tIhew t`mjv°mWv. F∂m¬ Jeo^bpsS hkXn°p Ah¿ "Ikv

sd Jnem^Øv ' (Jnem^Øv `h\w) F∂p \maIcWw sNbvXn´p

s≠∂Xv icnbmWv. Ah¿ Hcmsf Jeo^bpw Camapambn´p kzoI

cn®ncn°ptºmƒ At±lØns‚ XmakÿesØ Jnem^Øpambn

kw_‘n∏n®v B \maØn¬ AXns\ A\pkcn°p∂Xp DNnXw


amXambncn °pw. Xm¶ƒ°p≈ Bt£]w Hcp ]t£ "Ik¿' F∂

hm°ns\°pdn®mbncn°mw. AXmbXv. B i–Øn\v sFizcyØn

s‚bpw ]Xm]Øns‚bpw ]XoXnbps≠∂Xn\membncn°mw B

t£]w. F∂m¬ Ad_nbn¬ Ikv¿ F∂Xp tIhew hkXn F

t∂m h\w Ft∂m A¿∞Øn¬ D]tbmKn°p∂XmIp∂p. Ctß

b‰w Iptd I√pIƒ AS°nsh®p≠m°nb Hcp apdnbv°pw "Ik¿'

F∂p ]dbmhp∂XmWv.

JmZnbm\nepw d_vhbnepw AhcpsS hnizmkØn¬ khntij

_‘tØmSp IqSnb BfpIƒ°mbn ]tXyIsamcp ivaim\ap≠v.

AXn\p aJv_d _lnivØo F∂p ]dbp∂p. Cu \mat[bØns‚

t\sc s\‰n Npfnt°≠p∂ Bhiyan√. Xm¶ƒ apX¬ t]cv ]tc

XmXvam°fpsS t]tcmsSm∂n®p "a¿lqw' F∂pw "aKv^q¿" F∂pw

Nne ]Zßƒ Iqńt®¿Øp ]dbmdp≠s√m. AtX]Imcw AlvaZn

IfpsS arXkwkvImcØn\p≈ aJv_dbv°v kz¿Kob ivaim\w

Ft∂m as‰m t]cp ]dbp∂XpsIm≠p hntcm[sa¥p≠v? a¿lqw

Ft∂m aKv^q¿ Ft∂m ]dbp∂Xp Hcp ]Xymitbm ]m¿Y\tbm

Bbn´p IW°m°p∂ps≠¶n¬ AXpt]msebp≈ Hcp kwKXn

Xs∂ bmWv Hcp ivaim\Øn\p kz¿Kob k¶¬]w sNøp∂Xpw.

]ns∂ AlvaZnøm tIµw kpJtemep]XbpsSbpw hnjb kpJØn

s‚bpw tKlamsW∂p ]dbpIbmsW¶n¬ AXp AlvaZnøm

]ÿm\Øns\Xncn¬ sNøs∏Sp∂ Hcp \oNmIaWambncn°pw.

Aßs\ Ah¿s°Xncn¬ \nIrjvSmbp[w ]tbmKn°p∂XpNnX

as√∂pw ]dbmsX Ignbn√. AXpaqew AlvaZnIƒ°v bmsXmcp

lm\nbpw hcm\n√. adn®v AXphgn Xm¶fpsS A[aXzt_m[am

bncn°pw shfns∏SpamdmIp∂Xv.

4. AlvaZnøm ]ÿm\w "IdmanØ' cpsSbpw "_mØn\n' IfpsS

bpw t]mep≈ Hcp AIamXvaI]ÿm\amsW∂p IqSnbpw Xm¶ƒ

HcnSØp ]kvXmhn®n´p≠v. CXp hmbn®p Rm≥ A‘mfn®p t]mbn!

IdmanØcpsS NcnXtam AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ PohnXtam Xm

¶ƒ ]T\w sNbvXnńs√∂mWv CXn¬ \n∂v a\ nemIp∂Xv. sIme

c‡s®mcn®n¬ XpSßnb AIaØnt∑¬ ASnbpd∏n°s∏ńcp∂

Hcp c≠v ]ÿm\Øns‚ Bƒ°mcmb IdmanØcpw* _mØn\nI

* C°q´¿ Ckvemw kmamPyØn¬ `b¶c \miw hcpØn sh®hcmbncp∂p.


fpw FhnsS? Ft∏mgpw AIaØn\pw lnwkbv°pw e£oIcn°

s∏´p t]m∂ AlvaZnIsfhnsS? AlvaZnIfmIs´ XßfpsS hnizm

kamIp∂ [¿ahr£Øn\p Ft∏mgpw kz¥w NpSpc‡w sIm≠v

tkN\w sNbvXph∂hcmWv. ASpØ ImeØmWt√m Ah¿s°Xn

cmbn ]m°nÿm\n¬ \S∂v Hcp I≈]Nmc thebpsS eambn˛

dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k)sb JmØap∂_nøo≥ F∂p hnizkn°p∂n

s√∂ hymtP\ Ah¿ Atßb‰w \n¿Zm£nWyambn sImebv°pw

sIm≈bv°pw e£yambXv. CØcw AIaßsf√mw Ah¿ £a

tbmSpw s]mdpatbmSpw kln®p. Ahkm\w XßfpsS tNmc sNmcn

bpamdmb B D]`qJfiØn¬ Ah¿ "d_vh' Fs∂mcp \h\Kcw

]WnXv AhnsS tIµÿm]\ßƒ sIńbpd∏n®p sIm≠v [¿a

t]aØns‚ XymK]camb AXv`pXi‡n temIØn\p shfns∏Sp

Øns°mSpØp.

5. CubnsSbmbn an¿km kmln_ns‚ enJnXßƒ alØmb Hcp

XØz⁄m\kwlnXbpsS \nebn¬ ]Z¿in∏n°s∏SpIbmsW

∂p Xm¶ƒ km›cyw ]kvXmhn°p∂phs√m! CXns‚ A¿Yw CXn

\papºv an¿km kmln_ns‚ IrXnIƒ Cu \nebv°v ]IminXam

bncp∂ns√∂mWv. hmkvXhØn¬ an¿km kmln_ns‚Xmbn GsX

√mw enJnXßƒ C∂p ]kn≤ambns°m≠ncn°p∂pthm Ahsb

√mw apºpw A]Imcw Xs∂ ]kn≤oIrXambncp∂hbmWv. B

IrXnIfn¬ C∂v XØz⁄m\w shfns∏´pImWp∂psh¶n¬ AXp

apºpw Ahbn¬ Aßs\Xs∂ D≠mbncp∂p. BIbm¬ Xm¶fpsS

Cu Bt£]w F\n°v Xosc a\ nembn√!

6. an¿km kmln_v dkq¬ Xncpta\nsb JmØap∂_nøos\∂p

hnizkn°p∂ns√∂p ]kvXmhn®psIm≠v AXnte°v sXfnsht∂m

Ww Xm¶ƒ ]q¿h]£hpw DØc]£hpw D∂bn®ncn°p∂Xpw

F\n°v Zp¿Klambncn°pIbmWv. dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k) JmØap

∂_nøo\msW∂p an¿km kmln_v hnizkn°p∂Xmbn´v Xm¶ƒ

Hcp `mKØp kΩXn°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. F∂m¬ an¿km

kmln_v hmZn®ncp∂Xp Xm≥ "kns√ \_n' ( ¾ØùÞfo )dkq¬ Xncp

"lioio≥' AYh "A mkn≥kv ' F∂ Ip\maØn¬ Adnbs∏ńcp∂ Cu

\ioIcW]ÿm\°mcpsS IpsNbvXnIfpw Ip\jvSpIfpw NcnX]TnXm°ƒ°v

A⁄mXßf√. alm AIaImcnIfpw Zp¿Ωm¿KnIfpw \njvTqccpw Bbncp∂p

sh∂p≈Xv AhcpsS Hcp ]tXyIXbmbncp∂p. (]cn`mjI≥)


ta\nbpsS ]Xn_nw_ amb \nebn¬ ]hmNIXzw kn≤n®bmƒ˛

AYhm hmKvZØ alvZn BsW∂tX. At±lØns‚ Cu hmZw

dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k) JmØap∂_nøo≥ BsW∂ XØzØn∂p

hncp≤a√. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ an¿km kmln_v GsXmcp ]hmN

IXz]ZsØbmtWm A¥na]hmNIXzsa∂v hnizkn®ncp∂Xv B

]hmNIXzw X\n°p≈Xmbn At±lw Hcn°epw hmZn®ncp∂n√.

At±lw ]Xn_nw_mXvaIamb ]hmNIXzsØbmWv kzbw hmZn

®ncp∂Xv, AsXmcp \hhmZambn ]cnKWn°m\n√. dkq¬ Xncpta\n

Xs∂ Xs‚ A\pbmbnIfn¬s]´ ]finX`hy∑msc Ckmbo¬

tKmXØnse ]hmNI∑mtcmSp kmZriys∏SpØn ]d™ncn°pI

bmWs√m*. an¿km kmln_v BIs´ "DΩØv ' aplΩZnøbn¬

s]´bmfpamWv.

an¿km kmln_ns‚ hmZßfn¬ G‰hpw ][m\ambXp Xm≥ Ckv

eman¬ hmKvZm\w sNøs∏´ apP±nZmsW∂p≈XsX. as‰mcp]Im

cØn¬ ]dbp∂Xmbm¬ Xncp\_nbpsS ]Xn_nw_amb hmKvZØ

alvZnbmbn´p≈ BfmsW∂mIp∂p. Cu hmZßfpsSsb√mw Xmev

]cyw H∂p Xs∂ AXmbXv Xm≥ Ckvemw [¿ΩØns‚ ]p\cp÷o

h\m¿∞w \nbp‡\mbncn°p∂p F∂mWv At±lØns‚ hmZw.

Xo¿®bmbpw At±lw CkvemanI KpWI¿akz`mhßsf ]p\cp

÷ohn∏n°pIbpw Xncp]hmNI amXrIbpsS ]Xn`mkamsW∂pw

\n wibw ]dbmhp∂ XcØnep≈ PohnXtØmSp IqSnb Hcp Pam

AØns\ ÿm]n°pIbpw sNbvXncn°pw. CXv AX¿°nXamb Hcp

hkvXpXbmWv. At±lw X\n°v hlvbpw C¬lmapw (ssZht_m

[\w) kn≤n®ncn°p∂Xmbpw hmZn®n´p≠v. ]Ya ZrjvSnbn¬ Cu

hlvbv C¬lmw hmZw A]ISIcamb H∂mbn´v tXm∂ntb°mw.

Cu hnjbsØ A[nIcn®v Rm≥ "\nKmdn¬' FgpXnbn´p≈ Hcp

]tXyI teJ\Øn¬ hlvbpw C¬lmapw ]hmNI∑m¿°v amXa√

]hmNtIXc¿°pw e`n°p∂XmsW∂v Jp¿B≥ hmIyßsf B[m

cam°n khnkvXcambpw kphniZambpw ]Xn]mZn®n´p≠v. Xs∂

bpa√, CXc PohnIƒ°p≈ ]IrXnt_m[\ßƒ°q IqSnbpw hnip

≤Jp¿B\n¬ hlvbv i–w ]bp‡ambn°mWmw. CXn\p ]pdsa

Fs‚ A\pbmbnIfmb ]finX∑m¿ Ckmbo¬ tKmXØnse ]hmNI

∑msct∏msebp≈hcmIp∂p. (lZokv) ˛ ]cn`mjI≥

Â×Û«ð]ÚùjoÒ^Þfn«ðeßo]‰†ñnØ


`‡n ]tNmZ\ßsf∂ t]mse tZmj]hWXIfpw C¬lmw F∂

]Zw sIm≠v Jp¿B\n¬ hyhlcn°s∏ń´pap≠v.

Ê^ÖãÛã^Êrç…â^æiÏçFâ^

C\nbp≈Xv an¿km kmln_v hmkvXhØn¬ C¬lmw F∂ ssZ

ht_m[\w sIm≠v A\pKrloX\mbn´pt≠m F∂pw At±lØn

\p≠mb C¬lmapIƒ Fßs\bp≈hbmsW∂pap≈ kwKXn

bmWv. CsXmcp ]tXyI hnjbamIp∂p. CXns\Ipdn®v Rm≥ C\n

sbmchkcØn¬ khnkvXcw ]Xn ]mZn®psIm≈mw.

]ns∂ \mknJv ˛ a≥kqJv * Cukm \_nbpsS acWw CXymZn

hnjbßsf°pdn®v an¿km kmln_v ]ISn∏n® A`n]mbßsf

* Jp¿B\nse Nne BbØpIfm¬ a‰p Nne BbØpIfnse hn[n hne°pIƒ

Zp¿_es∏´pt]mbncn°p∂p F∂p apkvenw qcn]£w hnizkn®phcp∂p. as‰mcp

]ImcØn¬ ]dbp∂Xmbm¬ Jp¿B\n¬ Zp¿_es∏´pt]mb At\Iw Bb

ØpIƒ Ds≠∂pw Ah \mw HmXns°m≠ncn°p∂hbpw HmXns°m≠ncnt°≠

hbpamsW∂pw AhbneSßnb hn[nhne°pIƒ Zp¿_es∏´pt]mbXpsIm≠v

Ahsb A\pkcnt°≠Xns√∂pw Ah¿ hnizkn°p∂p. Aßs\ Zp¿_

es∏´pt]mb a≥kqJv Bb BbØpIfmsW∂pw AXpIsf Zp¿_es∏SpØn

bh \mknJmb BbØpIfmsW∂pw ]dbs∏Sp∂p. C]Imcw ssZhhN\amb

hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ \mknJpw a≥kqJpamb ]ckv]chncp≤amb hmIyßfSßn

bn´ps≠∂mWv apkvenw ]finX∑mcpw Ahsc XpS¿∂p kmam\ycpw s]mXpsh

hnizkn®p h∂ncn°p∂Xv. Zp¿_es∏´ps]mb BbØpIƒ A©p apX¬

A™qtdmfamsW∂p aX]finX∑m¿ IW°m°pIbpw Jp¿B\n¬ \kvJv

Cs√∂p ]dbp∂Xp alm A]cm[amsW∂pw X∑qew Aßs\ ]dbp∂h¿

ssZhØn¶¬ \n∂p AI∂hcmsW∂pw hn[n°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v. Cßs\

Cu hnizmkw apkvenwIfn¬ cqVaqeambXn\p tijw lnPvd ]Xn\memw \q‰m

≠nse apP±nZpw hmKvZØ alvZoakolpambn Bhn¿`hn® lZvdØv AlvaZv

(A) X\n°p e`n® Znhy⁄m\a\pkcn®p hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ amlmXvayw shfn

s∏Spamdv FXbpw at\m⁄amb \nebn¬ B hnip≤KŸsØ hymJym\n

°pIbpw A°q´Øn¬ AXn¬ bmsXmcp ssh]coXyhpw hnI¬]hpans√∂pw

sXfnbn°pIbpw sNbvIbp≠mbn. Xt∂bpa√ ]ckv]chncp≤ßfmsW∂p aX

]finX∑m¿ ]cnKWn®n´p≈ B BbØpIƒ B almXvamhns‚ hninjvS

hymJym\Øns‚ shfn®Øn¬ ]ckv]cw FXbpw s]mcpØap≈hbmsW∂pw

shfns∏SpIbpw sNbvXp. CXv At±lw Ckveman\p sNbvXn´p≈ alØmb

tkh\ßfn¬ H∂mIp ∂p. Cu hnjbw ]q¿hImesØ hµycmb CamapIƒ°v

t]mepw ]cnlmcw ImWm≥ IgnbmXncn°pamdv AX hnjaIcamb ]iv\ambn

t∏mbn´p≠mbncp∂p. (]cn`mjI≥)


kw_‘n®p ]dbpIbmsW¶n¬, At±lØns‚ AØcw A`n]m

bßtfmSv \ΩpsS ]q¿∆]finX∑mcn¬ Nne¿°p A\pIqeap≠m

bncp∂Xmbn ImWm\p≠v. F∂m¬ hyXymkanXmWv. an¿km km

ln_v C∂sØ ImemÿnXnsb ap≥\n¿Øn GsX√mw hnjbß

sf°pdn®v Xs‚ Bibßƒ IqSpX¬ \njvIrjvSambpw i‡nbp

‡ambpw temIka£w ]Xy£oIcn®ncn°p∂p.

Ahkm\ambn tijn® Hcp kwKXn Xm≥ hmKvZØ alvZnbmsW

∂p≈ At±lØns‚ hmZamWv. AXns\°pdn®v Xm¶ƒ°pw F\n

°pw Nn¥n®pt\mt°≠p∂ Bhiyan√. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ bYm

¿YØn¬ Cu hmZw alvZnbpsS Bhn¿`mhsØ lZoYpIfmepw cn

hmbØpIfmepw sXfnbn°p∂ A\lvaZn]finXtemIØn\p≈

Hcp sh√phnfnbmIp∂p. AtX lZoYpIfpw cnhmbØpIfpw B[m

cam°nbmWv lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v Xm≥ hmKvZØ alvZnbpw

akolpamsW∂p hmZn°pIbpw sXfnbn°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv.

Cu hnjbsØ°pdn®pw F\n°v khnkvXcw ]Xn]mZn°m\p≠v.

CXbpw Xm¶fpsS Bt£]ßƒ°p≈ adp]Snbmbn. CXn\p

]pdsa F\n°p NneXp ]dbm\p≈Xv CXmWv. Xm¶ƒ kz¥ambn´p

Xs∂ C°mcyØn¬ ]tcyjWw \StØ≠nbncn°p∂p. a‰p≈h¿

]dbp∂Xn¬ Bibn°msX kz¥w \nebn¬ ]tcyjWw XpScp∂

]£w Xm¶fpw Cu kwKXn kΩXn°phm≥ \n¿_‘nX\mbnØo

cpsa∂mWv Rm≥ hnizkn°p∂Xv. AXmbXv AlvaZnøØns‚ ÿm

]I≥ Akmam\yNn¥mi‡nbpw AhtemI\_p≤nbpap≈ Hcmfpw

]IrXnbm¬ ]tXyI XcØn¬ A\pKrloX\mb Hcp [njWmim

enbpambncp∂p. ]Zm\p]Zw am¿KZ¿i\w kn≤n®psIm≠ncp∂ At±

lw X\n°v ]pdsI k¬KpWßfpsSbpw injvSmNcßfpsSbpw Hcp

_rl¬kvamcIw hn´psh®pt]mbncn°pIbmWv. “ta tKmbw h _

AvZkva≥ tKmbZv _ZkvXm≥lm' Fs∂mcp ]m¿kn IhnXmiI

eØn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂Xn≥ hÆw Cu ]ÿm\sØ°pdn®v C\n

bpw At\I¿ ]iwkn®p ]dbpamdmIpw (1959 k]v Xw_¿).

Bt£]Øns\mcp adp]Snklmdw]q¿ (DØc]tZiv) Imc\mb kønZv \ko¿ lpssk≥ km

ln_v Fs∂mcmƒ AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ t]cn¬ Nne B

t£]ßƒ D∂bn®psIm≠v FgpXnb Hcp IØpw AXn\p≈ Xs‚


adp]Snbpw A√ma: \nbmkv kmln_v 1959 HIvtSm_¿ e°w "\nKm¿'

amknIbn¬ ]kn≤w sNbvXn´p≈XmWnXv.

Bt£]w: Ipd®p Imeambn Xm¶ƒ AlvaZnøm PamAØn

∂\pIqeambn A`n]mb]IS\w sNbvXphcpIbmWs√m, AXp

hmbn°ptºmƒ KmlyamIp∂Xv Xm¶ƒ ChcpsS ]`mhØn\v hf

scsbsd hiK\mbncn°p∂psh∂mWv. C°q´¿ A\lvaZoapkv

enwIsf FØcØnemWv IcpXnt∏m∂ncp∂Xv F∂p Hcp]s£

Xm¶ƒ°dn™pIqSmbncn°mw. km[mcW apkvenwIfpambn´v ssh

hmlnI_‘Øn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂Xp t]mepw AhnlnXsa∂v IcpXp

amdv Ch¿ AXtbsd ]£ ]mX_p≤nIfmWv. a‰p apkvenwIsf

\akvImcØn¬ XpScmØhcpamWv. Xßsfmgn®v as‰√mhtcbpw

Ch¿ Im^nsd∂p ]dbpIbpw shdpt∏msS ho£n°pIbpw sNøp

∂p. ]ns∂bp≈ ]iv\w an¿km kmln_ns‚ hmZsØ kw_‘n

®mWv. Xm≥ alvZnbpw akolpw \_nbpamsW∂ hmZw. CXns\

kw_‘n®v Rms\m∂p ]d™psIm≈s´. Ceymkv _¿\nbpsS

"^nX\sb JmZnbm\nøØv ' F∂ ]pkvXIw Xm¶ƒ hmbn®p t\m

°nbmepw! an¿km kmln_ns‚ hmZßƒ FX I≠v \nc¿YIhpw

kXyhncp≤hpamsW∂p AXp hmbn®m¬ Xm¶ƒ°dnbm\mIpw.

adp]Sn:Rm≥ AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ ]`mhØn\p [mcmfw hiK\m

bnØo¿∂ncn°pIbmsW∂p \n wibw ]dbmw. CXn\p≈ ImcWw

Ct∏mƒ apkvensa∂p ]d™psIm≈p∂ kwLßfn¬ sh®v

AlvaZnøm PamAØv H∂p amXta icnbmb A¿YØn¬ Ckvem

Z£nWm]YØn¬ AlvaZnøØns‚ hensbmcp iXphmb C¬bmkv _¿\o

kmln_v FgpXnbn´p≈ Hcp ]pkvXIw ]tXyIn®pw hmbn®p t\m°phm≥ Bt£

]Imc≥ A√matbmSv ip]m¿i sNbvXn´p≈Xn∂p At±lw ]d™ncn°p∂p adp]Sn

it≤bamWv. B ]pkvXIØns‚ Dt±iw X¬_okpw IXvamt\ lJoJØp

amXamsW∂tX At±lw A`n]mbs∏ńcn°p∂Xv. AXmbXv Imcyw am‰nadn®p

sX‰n[cn∏n°pIbpw bmYm¿∞yw ad®psh°pIbpw sNøp∂ h©\mXvaIamb

Hcp IrXnbmsW∂p Xs∂. CusbmcShmWv kXyØns‚ hntcm[nIƒ Ft∏mgpw

Ft√Shpw kzoIcn®pt]m∂Xv. AtX ]Imcw AlvaZnøØns\Xncn¬ h°o¬

_¿\n kmln_pw AtX Ip\bw Xs∂ Ahew_n®ncn°pIbmWv. hna¿i]

Sphmb A√ma \nbmkv kmln_v B Jfi\IrXn hmbn®v Cu bmYm¿Yyw

Kln®p h®ncn°p∂psh∂Xv NmcnXm¿YyP\Iw Xs∂. (]cn`mjI¿)


ans‚ bmYm¿Yyw Kln®ncn°p∂p≈q F∂XpXs∂. F∂m¬ Xm¶

sf∂√ apkvenw temIamIam\w Ckvemw [¿asØ Nne ]tXyI

hnizmkImcyßfn¬ koanXam°n \ndpØpIbpw AXn¬ \n∂p

hyXnc‡ambn Nn¥n°phm≥ Iq´m°mØ a\:ÿnXn ]pe¿Ønt∏m

cpIbpw sNbvXncn°pIbmWv. Ckvemans‚ A`nhr≤nbpw apkv

enwIfpsS D∂a\hpw hnizmk]amWßfpambn´p amXa√, kZm

Nmck¬kz`mh]Ne\I¿aambn´pw _‘s∏´XmsW∂ hkvXpX

Nn¥mhnjbam°phm≥ apkvenwIƒ A¬]w t]mepw t¢in°p

∂n√. CXmWv henb sshjayw!

A√mlp GIamX\pw dkq¬ kXyhm\pamsW∂p≈ hnizmkw

\ΩpsS kmaqlyPohnXsØ ]`mhnXam°nØo¿°p∂ns√¶n¬

AXp A¿YclnXamb tIhehnizmkambncn°p∂XmWv. CtX

]Imcw \n¿WnXkabßfn¬ ]tXyI coXnbn¬ sNøs∏Sp∂

Bcm[\mI¿aw \ΩpsS kajvSnbmb PohnXkzcq]Øn¬ kzm[o

\w sNepØphm≥ ka¿YamIp∂ns√¶n¬ AXpw \njv]tbmP\am

bnØocp∂p. CXmWv NcnXØns‚bpw hnthI_p≤nbpsSbpw Xocp

am\w. BIbm¬ PohnXØnse I¿ahisØ amXw Ckvemw [¿aw

F∂p [cn°pIbpw tIheamb hnizmksØ [¿aØns‚ A[njvTm

\ambn ]cnKWn°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xmbn C∂v AlvaZnøm

PamAØv A√msX thtdsXmcp PamAØmWv apkvenwIfnep ≈Xv

F∂p Nn¥n®p t\m°nbmepw!

IÆp Xpd∂p t\m°phm≥ XpSßnb Imew apX¬°v Rm≥ I≠p

h∂ncn°p∂Xv apkvenwIƒ ]ckv]cw IgpØn\p ]nSn°p∂Xmbn

´mWv. kp∂o, inbm, Alvep Jp¿B≥, Alvep lZokv, hlvlm_n,

_nZvAØo F∂nßs\ apkvenwIƒ FX sbX I£nIfmbn ]ncn

™ncn°p∂p! Chcn¬ F√m I£nIfpw At\ym\yw Im^nsd∂p

hn[n°pIbpw A]Imcw ]d™p hcpIbpw sNbvXp. GXmInep

samcph≥ apkvenamsW∂Xns\°pdn®p F√mhcpw tbmPn®ncn°p

∂Xnte°v Hcp DZmlcWw FhnsSbpw ImWs∏ńń√. Cßs\

apkvenwIfpsS CSbn¬ FXbpw timNyamb \nebnep≈ `n∂X

bpw OnZhpw Hcp `mKØv \SamSns°m≠ncp∂t∏mƒ, adp`mKØv

BcykamPhpw ssIkvXhkwLßfpw Ckvemw kmlnXyØns‚

bpw CkvemanI t\XrXzØns‚bpw t\sc Bt£]icamcn sNmcn

™psIm≠ncp∂p. Cu hn]¬L´ØnemWv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv


kmln_v Ckvemans‚ kwc£°mbn apt∂m´p h∂Xv. At±lw

kIehn[ A`n]mbssh]coXyßfnepw n∂XIfnepw \n∂v AXo

X\mbn h¿Øn°pIbpw temIw hnkvacn®p IfbpItbm sX‰n[cn®v

t]mhpItbm sNbvXncp∂Xmb Ckvemw [¿aØns‚ icnbmb cq]

sØ temIka£w AhXcn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp. ChnsS A_q_

°dns\bpw Aensbbpw sNm√nbp≈ iWvTtbm \akvImcØn¬

ssIbpb¿Øp∂Xpw D®Øn¬ Bao≥ sNm√p∂Xpw kw_‘n®

X¿°tam C√mbncp∂p. A]Imcw Xs∂ Jp¿B\\pkcn®v amXw

I¿an°pI F∂Xns\°pdnt®m lZokns‚ ]mamWysØ∏‰ntbm

bmsXmcp hnhmZhpap≠mbncp∂n√. Hcp kn≤m¥w amXsa ZrjvSn

]YØnep≠mbncp∂p≈q. AXmbXv Ckvemw F∂p ]d™m¬

dkq¬ Xncpta\nbpsS amXrImPohnXsØ A\pkcn°pI F∂Xp

Xs∂. At∏mƒ Xncp\_nbpsS B I¿aWyPohnXØns‚ BXva

]cnXymKØns‚bpw kmtlmZcyØns‚bpw klm\p`qXnbpsSbpw

Ne\mXvaIXzØns‚bpw IWniamb XcØnep≈ A\pIcWam

Ip∂p Ckvemw F∂Xv. Xncp\_nbpsS ZmNcWØns‚ khntij

Xbpw Ckvemans‚ A[njvTm\amb I¿amXvaIXzØns‚ ]tXyI

Xbpw CXpXs∂bmWv.

an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_v FXn¿i‡nItfmSv sNdpØp

sIm≠p Ckvemans\ kwc£n°p∂Xn¬ DtZymKn®p XpSßnb Ime

Øv henb henb BenwIƒ t]mepw ]XntbmKnIfpsS FXncn¬

apt∂m´p hcm≥ ss[cys∏ńcp∂n√. Aßs\bp≈ Hcp L´Øn¬

At±lw apt∂m´v h∂v kpjp]vXnbn¬ InS∂ apkvenwIsf DW¿

ØpIbpw Fgpt∂¬∏n°pIbpw \S°pamdm°pIbpw sNbvXp.

Ah¿ Ft√Shpw k©cn®p. C∂v AhcpsS ]mZapZ ]Xn™nń√m

ØtXm Ah≥ Ckvemw [¿aØns‚ icnbmb A[ym]\w FØn

°mØtXm Bb bmsXmcp cmPytImWpw qtemIØv tijn°mXm

Ipamdp≈ XcØn¬ B DXvYnXP\w k©cn®p h∂ncn°p∂p!

Cu ÿnXnsb√mw I≠n´pw Xm¶ƒ°p bmsXmcp `mht`Zhpw

D≠mIp∂n√mbncn°mw. F∂m¬ Rm\mIs´ Cu hkvXpÿnXn

Ifm¬ At±lw Xo¿®bmbpw hensbmcp almXvamhmbncp∂psh∂v

[cn°phm\pw A]Imcw G‰p ]dbphm\pw \n¿_‘nX\mbncn

°p∂p. F¥p sIms≠∂m¬ At±lamWv ]kvXpX B]¬L´

Øn¬ XymK]c\mbn apt∂m´ph∂v Ckvemans\ c£n°pIbpw tem


Iw Xosc hnkvacn®p If™ncp∂Xmb BZy \q‰m≠pIfnse B

]hnXm[ym]\sØ kPoham°nØo¿°pIbpw sNbvXXv.

]ns∂ an¿km kmln_v X∂Øm≥ FØcØn¬ ]Z¿in∏n®p

F∂ kwKXnbmWv. AXX KWyamb Imcya√. bYm¿Y ]iv\w

At±lw Xs∂]‰n F¥p]d™p F∂X√. At±lw F¥p ]h¿

Øn®p ImWn®p F∂XmWv. At±lØns‚ A]Zm\w FXbpw

alØcambn´p≈XmIp∂p. AXns\ ap≥\ndpØn t\m°ptºmƒ

]mcºcyßtfbpw kmt¶XnIßsfbpw AhKWn®psIm≠v At±l

Øn\p Aßs\sb√mw ]dbp∂Xn\p AhImiaps≠∂p kΩXn

t°≠nbncn°p∂p. Xm≥ alvZn am¿KZ¿i\w kn≤n®h≥ BsW

∂p AhImis∏Sphm≥ At±lØn\p A[nImcap≠mbncp∂p. F

s¥∂m¬ At±lw am¿KZ¿i\w e`n®bmfmbncp∂p. Xm≥ ako

lv BXvaob `njKzc≥ BsW∂v hmZn°m\pw At±lØn\p Ah

Imiap≠mbncp∂p. ImcWw At±lw BXvaob tcmKßƒ°p≈

NnIn’I\mbncp∂Xp Xs∂. AtX]Imcw kns√ \_n AYhm

Xncp\_nbpsS ]Xn_nw_amsW∂v Xm≥ F∂p At±lw ]d™p

sh¶n¬ AXn\p At±lØn\p AhImiap≠mbncp∂p. Fs¥

∂m¬ At±lw \_n]hcs‚ ]XnNvOmbsb t∂mWw B kap∂

XamXrI]pcpjs\ A\p]Zw A\pIcn®p \S∂bmfmbncp∂p.

C\nbp≈Xv AlvaZnIƒ A\lvaZnIfpambn sshhmlnI _‘

Øn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂ns√∂pw Ah¿ a‰p≈hcpsS ]n∂n¬ XpS¿∂p

\akvIcn°p∂ns√∂pap≈ Bt£]amWv. CXns\ kw_‘n®p

B¿s°¶nepw BhemXns∏Sms\¥p≠v? Xm¶fpsS hnizmkam¿K

Øn\p FXncp ]h¿Øn°p∂ hyIvXnIƒ DƒsIm≠ GsX¶nepw

IpSpw_Øn¬ hnhmlw sNøphm≥ Xm¶ƒ CjvSs∏Sptam? kz¥w

]hrØnbm¬ t\XrXzØn\p A¿lcs√∂p ImWn®n´p≈hsc

Xm¶ƒ ]n≥]‰ptam?

AlvaZnøm PamAØn\p Hcp ]tXyI PohnXhyhkvYnXnbp≠v.

AX\pkcn®p AhcpsS ]pcpj∑mcpw AhcpsS IpńIfpw AhcpsS

kvXoIfpsa√mw ]h¿Øn®p t]mcp∂p. AXn\m¬ Ah¿ GsX¶n

epsamcp A\lvaZo ]pcpjt\m kvXotbm Bbn v sshhmlnI_‘w

kvYm]n°p∂ ]£w AhcpsS kajvSnXzw AXn\m¬ _m[nXambn

Øocpw. At∏mƒ Cu PamAØns‚ ]tXyI khntijXbmIp∂

sFIcq]yhpw sFIaXyhpw Aet¶mes∏´pt]mIpw. Cu \ne]mSn\p


Xm¶ƒ ]£]mXat\m `mhw F∂p ]dbp∂psh¶n¬ Rm\Xn\p

sFIy]miKlWw F∂pw _p≤n]q¿hamb \bmh ew_\w

F∂pamWv ]dbpI.

C\n _¿\okmln_ns‚ ]pkvXIsØ∏‰nbmWv. AXns\°pdn

®p CXne[nIw Rm≥ F¥p ]dbWw? AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚

kvYm]IcpsS PohnXhpw A[ym]\hpw kw_‘n®nStØmfw B

]pkvXIw X¬_okpw (h©\bpw) InXvams\ lJoJØpw (bmYm

¿Yyw ad®p sh°epw) A√msX as‰m∂pa√. an¿km kmln_v Hcn

°epw ]d™nń√mØ hfsctbsd kwKXnIƒ At±lØns‚

t]cn¬ AlvaZnøØns‚ hntcm[nIƒ Btcm]n®p ImWptºmƒ

Atlm! ZpxJap≠mIp∂p hntijn®pw ]hmNIXzkam]vXnsb JX

ap∂p_p∆Øns\ kw_‘n®p s]mXpsh P\ßƒ [cn°p∂Xv

dkq¬ Xncpta\n JmXap∂_nøo\msW∂p an¿km kmln_v hniz

kn®ncp∂ns√∂mWv. CXp hmkvXha√. adn®p \nbaimkvX]c

amb (idbo) ]hmNIXzw dkq¬ Xncpta\n°v tijw Ft∂bv°p

ambn \ndpØembnt∏mbncn°p∂p F∂p Xs∂bmWv At±lw iIv

Xnbmbn hmZn°pIbpw hnizkn°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. Ckvemw

icoAØv temIØn\p≈ Ahkm\sØ [¿aimkvXamsW∂p

At±lw IWniambpw hnizkn®ncp∂p. \nKm¿ (HIvtSm_¿ 1960).

Rm\pw AlvaZnøm PamAØpwAlvaZnøm PamAØns\°pdn®p A`n]mb]IS\w sNbvXp XpS

ßnb B \mƒapX¬ Rm≥ Dd∏n®p Ign™XmWv Fs‚ Cu A`n

]mbam‰sØ°pdn®p P\ßƒ Bcm™p XpSßpsa∂v. hnizmk

]cambn ]IrXnhmZntbm \n¿aXt\m Bb Cu a\pjy≥ F¥n

\mWv AlvaZnøØnt\mSv B\pIqeyw ]Z¿in∏n°p∂Xv? an¿km

Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_ns\ CXb[nIw ]pIgvØp∂Xv? Fs∂m

s° Ah¿ tNmZyw sNbvXp XpSßpsa∂v. Fs¥√mtam XcØnep≈

Zpcqlßfpw Btcm]Wßfpw Bcw`n°psa∂pw Rm≥ hnNmcn

°mXncp∂n√. A]Imcw Xs∂ CønsS C¥ybpsSbpw ]m°nkv

Xms‚bpw hnhn[ tImWpIfn¬ \n∂v F\n°p Inńs°m≠ncn°p∂

FgpØpIƒ Fs‚ Cu A`yqlsØ km£m¬Icn°pIbpw sN

bvXp. DZmlcWm¿∞w Hcp IØv Rm\nhnsS D≤cn®psIm≈mw:

Na≥ \nhmknbmb ssiJv A_vZp√mlv Fs∂mcmfpsSXmWXv.


At±lw FgpXpIbmWv.

]X°m¿ AhcpsS ]XØn\p ]Nmcw h¿≤n∏n°p∂Xn\p ]cym

]vXamb hnjbw ssIhcm≥ Ahkcw t\m°n \n¬°p∂hcmW

t√m. AXn\m¬, Xm¶fpsS Ct∏mgsØ ae°w adn®nens\ Ipdn®v

BivNcys∏Sms\m∂pan√. apºv Nnesc√mw hnNmcn®ncp∂Xv Xm¶ƒ

ùXnIhmZntbm ]IrXnhmZntbm BsW∂mWsX. F∂m¬

Ct∏mƒ Xm¶ƒ an¿kmbo JmZnbm\o BbnØo¿∂ncn°pIbmsW

t∂m, AhcpsS ]°¬ \n∂p h≥XpI ssI°qen]‰nbncn°pIbm

sWt∂m BWv A`n]mb s∏Sp∂Xv. BIbm¬ Jp¿B\n¬ \n∂pw

lZoYn¬ \n∂pap≈ ]amWßƒ sXfnhpIfmbn D≤cn∏n°s∏Sm

Xncn°pt∂StØmfw Xm¶fpsS ]kvXmh\Iƒ Kucha¿ln°p∂

hbmIbn√. taen¬ \nKm¿ hgn JmZnbm\naXsØ ]n¥mßphm≥

Dt±in°p∂ ]£w Jp¿B\pw lZoYpamIp∂ ]amWßfm¬

]cnthjvSnX\mbn´pthWw cwKØndßphm≥.

Cu IØn¬ aq∂]cm[ßfmWv Fs‚ t]cn¬ NpaØs∏ńcn°p

∂Xv. H∂v Rm≥ AlvaZnøØn∂\pIqeambn teJ\ßsfgpXnb

Xns‚ Dt±iyw \nKm¿ amknIbpsS ]Nmcw h¿≤n∏n°pIbmsW

∂mIp∂p. c≠v Rm≥ AlvaZnbmbnØo¿∂ncn°p∂psh¶nepw

ZpjvIo¿Ønsb `b∂v Rm\Xp shfns∏SpØp∂ns√∂mWv. aq∂v

AlvaZnøm ]NmcWØn\mbn F\n°v AlvaZnøm PamAØn¬

\n∂v Hcp h≥XpI ssI°qenbmbn e`n®ncn°p∂psh∂pamWv.

Cu ]d™ Bt£]ßfn¬ H∂pw Xs∂ Akm[mcWambn´p

≈X√. ]XtemIØpw ]NmcWcwKØnepw CØcw ZrjvSm¥ß

ƒ FXtbm ImWmw. AXmbXv tIhew kzm¿Yem`Øn\mbn Bfp

Iƒ AhcpsS kz¥w hnizmkm`n]mbßƒ am‰pItbm aX]cnh¿

Ø\w sNbvItbm kz¥w tZiobXbpw cmjvS_‘hpw Dt]£n

°pItbm sNbvXn´p≠v. F∂m¬ \nKm¿ amknIsbbpw Fs‚ kz

¥w \nesbbpw kw_‘nt®StØmfw NphsS D≤cn°p∂ ]ZyØn

se kmcØn¬ IqSpXemsbm∂pw ]dbm≥ Rm≥ Dt±in°p∂n√.

&1Š~!igtZ0+zÛd$Z0+z

Ä~WV–zpaÂÛâðb


A¿∞w:˛ F√mw X¥hpw h©\bpw adnambhpamWv F∂v \nß

ƒ ]d™pht√m! F∂m¬ kAZo AØc°mc\√; Xs∂sb∂mWv

\nßƒ ]dbp∂sX¶n¬ Aßs\ Bbns°m≈s´.*

F√mh¿°pw Adnbmw \nKmdn\p Hcp ]tXyI A`n⁄ hrØ

aps≠∂v kmlnXyw cmjvSobw CXymXnhnjbßfnse√mw kzX

¥Nn¥sbbpw kzX¥m`n]mbsØbpw ]n¥mßp∂ Hcp hrØw.

AXpsIm≠pXs∂bmWv C¥ybnemsI F\n°pw \nKm¿ amknI

bv°pw FXncmbn \ncoizc ]mjfi hnimkmtcm]WØns‚ sIm

Sp¶m‰v ASn®phoinbt∏mƒ \nKmdns‚ ]NmcØn\p bmsXmcp _m

[bpta¬°mXncp∂Xv. Xs∂bpa√ [mcmfamfpIƒ F\n°\pIqe

ambp≠mbnØocpIbpw sNbvXp.

BIbm¬ Cu \ne°v AlvaZnøØn\\pIqeambn Rms\s¥¶n

epw FgpXpIsb∂Xp \nKm¿ amknIbv°v \jvSImcWambnØocp

∂X√msX emÌcamIp∂Xs√∂Xv ]Xy£amWv. F¥psIms≠

∂m¬ Fs‚ B FgpØpsIm≠p Rm≥ aXhnjbØn¬ ]Xntem

a°mc\mbnØo¿∂ncn°pIbmsW∂p BfpIƒ°v t_m[yw hcm\m

WnSbp≠mbncp∂ncn°pI. Aßs\ Ah¿ \nKmdns\ ssIsbm

gn°phm≥ CSbmhpIbpw sNbvXncn°pambncp∂p. C°mcWØm¬

Rm\nsX√mw sNøp∂Xv \nKmdns‚ ]NmchrØsb em°m°ns°m

≠msW∂p A\pam\n°p∂Xv Hcp hn[Ønepw icnbmbncn°mhX√.

]ns∂ Fs‚ Cu \bw aqew AlvaZnøm PamAØn\nSbn¬ \nKmdn\p

A[nIw hcn°mcp≠mbnØocpsa∂p Rm\pt±in°p∂p F∂ ]£

amsW¶n¬ AXpw hfsc Zp¿_eamb Hcp hiamsW∂p thWw ]d

bm≥. Rmt\m a‰msc¶neptam AlvaZnøm PamAØn\p th≠n ]Nm

cthe sNtø≠p∂ Bhiyw Ah¿°n√ Xs∂. c≠maXp h√t∏m

* AXmbXv, ]mcknI IvXalmIhn kAvZo Xs‚ t]cn¬ FXncmfnIƒ IpX

¥hpw h©\bpw Btcm]n®t∏mƒ Xm≥ AØc°mcs\m∂pas√∂p Dss®

kvXcw ]kvXmhn®p. F∂n´pw Ah¿ At±lØns‚ t]cn¬ Cu Ip‰mtcm]Ww

XpS¿∂t∏mƒ F∂m¬ ]ns∂ \nßƒ ]dbp∂Xpt]mse Bbns°m≈s´ F∂

ßp kΩXn®psImSpØp. CXmWv kAvZn Xs‚ ]kvXpX ]ZyØn¬ FSpØp

]d™ncn°p∂Xv. AXv t]mse Xs∂ \ΩpsS A√mam \nbmkv Xs‚ t]cnep≈

ta¬ ]Sn Ip‰mtcm]WsØ Ipdn®p F∂m¬ ]ns∂ Aßs\ Bbns°m≈s´!

F∂p ]d™ncn°pIbmWv. arVa¿Øy¿ AhcpsS adpXen∏o¬ iTn°ptºmƒ

kemw ]d™p hgnamdpIbmWt√m kmXznI ∑m¿°p≈ Htc t]mwhgn


sg¶nepw Rm≥ AlvaZnbmbnØo¿t∂°psa∂v AlvaZnøm PamA

Øn\p t_m[yamhpI F∂Xv hfsc ]bmkambn´p≈ Hcp ImcyamWv.

Fs¥∂m¬ hnizmkImcyßsf kw_‘nt®StØmfw F\n°pw

Ah¿°panSbn¬ [mcmfw `n∂m`n]mbßfmWp≈Xv.

aq∂masØ Btcm]Ww Rm≥ hensbmcp XpI AlvaZnøm Pam

AØn¬ \n∂pw tImgbmbn ssI]‰nbncn°p∂psh∂XmWt√m.

CXp kw_‘n®p ]Yahpw ][m\hpambn s]m¥nhcp∂ Hcp

]iv\w AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ kIe ]h¿Ø\ßfpw bmsXm

cp ssI°qenbpw IqSmsX Xs∂ DØaamb \nebn¬ \S∂psIm≠n

cn°sh Cßs\ B¿s°¶nepw tImg sImSpt°≠p∂ Bhiyw

Ah¿s°¥v F∂XmIp∂p. ImcyØns‚ bmYm¿Yyw t\m°p∂Xm

bmepw Cu Btcm]Ww tIhew ASnkvYm\clnXamsW∂p Im

Wmw. Rm\n∏dbp∂Xv AhmkvXhambncn°mhX√, F¥psIms≠

∂m¬ Rm≥ Ahcn¬ \n∂v ssI°qen hmßnbXnt\mSpIqSnbmWv

AXns\ \ntj[n®p ]dbp∂sX¶n¬ Ipd™ ]£w AlvaZnøm

PamAØns\¶nepw ZrVt_m[yambncn°pw Rm≥ FXbpw hen

b hymP°mc\msW∂v! AhcpsS ZrjvSnbn¬ Rm≥ Fs∂ Øs∂

Aßs\ Ffnabnem°phm≥ CjvSs∏Spambncp∂n√ Xs∂.

GXmbmepw CØcØnep≈ Zpcqlßsfbpw tZmjmtcm]W

ßsfbpw KWyam°msX Rm≥ ho≠psamcn°¬ kXyt_m[tØm

SpIqSn ]Jym]n°m≥ BKln°p∂p. Rm≥ AlvaZnIfpsS I¿a

WyPohnXsØ Xo¿®bmbpw ]iwkn°p∂h\mWv. AlvaZnøm

PamAØns‚ kvYm]Is\°pdn®p Rm≥ ]iwkn®p ]dbp∂p

sh¶n¬ AXpw At±lw apkvenwIsf icnbmb ]Ÿmhnte°v hen

®psIm≠phcnIbpw kwLS\mt_m[Øns‚ ]_eamsbmcmth

iw Xs‚ PamAØn¬ D≠m°nØo¿°pIbpw sNbvXpsh∂Xp

sIm≠mWv. CXn\p Xpeyamb Hcp \ne apkvenwIfnep≈ a‰p bm

sXmcp PamAØnepw Imäm\n√ Xs∂.

]ns∂ Rm≥ Cu PamAØns‚ hnizmkImcyßsf°pdn®v ]Xn

]mZn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AXp Jp¿Bs‚bpw lZokns‚bpw shfn

®Ønembncns°Wsa∂ BhiysØ°pdn®mWv ]dbm\p≈Xv. C

ßs\ Hcmhiyw D∂bn®p ImWp∂Xn¬ BivNcys∏tS≠nbncn

°p∂p. Fs¥∂m¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØv Jp¿Bs‚bpw lZoYn


s‚bpw A[ym]\Øn¬ \n∂p apJw Xncn®ncn°p∂hcmsW∂p sX

fnbn°mXncn°pt∂StØmfw Imew Jp¿B\nepw lZoYnepw \n∂v

]amWw ImWnt°≠p∂ ]iv\ta DZv hn°p∂n√. Xs∂bpa√ Cu

Bt£]Øn∂p t\sc hn]coXamb Hcp \nebmWv F\n°p ImWp

amdmbncn°p∂Xv. AXmbXv, Jp¿Bs‚bpw lZoYns‚ ]mTßf\p

kcn®p h¿Øn°phm\p≈ A`nhmRvObpw Bthihpw FXI≠v

AlvaZnIfpsS CSbn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂pthm AXI≠v Bthihpw

Hu’pIyhpw CXc apkvenw PamAØpIfn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂n√.

AlvaZnIfpsS t]cn¬ Btcm]n°s∏Sp∂ G‰hpw henb Bt£

]w Ah¿ JXap∂p_p∆Øn¬ hnizkn°p∂ns√∂XmWv. F∂m¬

CXns\°mƒ \nc¿∞hpw A_≤hpamb thsdmcp Btcm]Ww

D≠mImhX√. an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_v dkq¬ Xncpta\nsb

JmØap∂_nøo≥ F∂p hnizkn®pt]m∂psh∂p amXa√ Xncp

\_nbpsS icoAØv Ahkm\sØ \nbaimkvXamsW∂p ssI

sIm≈pIfpw sNbvXn´p≠v. F∂ncns°, At±lsØ kw_‘n®v

Cßs\ Hcp sX‰n[mcW P\ßfn¬ ]c°pIbpw At±lØns‚

IrXnIƒ hmbn®p t\m°msX A\ycpsS FXn¿ ]kvXmh\Isf

C]Imcw BfpIƒ hnizkn°pamdmIbpw sNbvXXp BivNcymh

lambncn°p∂p.!

CXnt\mSv A\p_‘n®v N¿®mhnjbambnXocp∂ as‰mcp kwK

Xn, Xm≥ hmKvZØ alvZo akolmsW∂p At±lw hmZn®Xv FX

tØmfw kzoImcyamsW∂p≈XsX. CXn\mIs´ Rm≥ A[nIw

]m[m\yw I¬]n°p∂n√. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ hmKvZØalvZnbpsS

BKa\sØbpw Z÷mens‚ ]pd∏mSns\bpw kw_‘n®p ]kvXm

hn°p∂ lZoYv \nthZ\ßƒ icnbs√∂p Rm≥ hnizkn°p∂p.

F∂ncp∂mepw an¿km kmln_v Ckveman\p hneXocmØ tkh\

ßƒ sNbvXn´p≈bmfmsW∂ bmYm¿Yyw A∏Sn \n¿_m[w \ne

\n¬°pI Xs∂ sNøp∂p. CXpXs∂bmWv kmchØmbn´p≈Xv.

hnizmkImcyßsf kw_‘nt®StØmfamsW¶n¬ AlvaZnI

ƒ°pw kmam\y apkvenwIƒ°pw CSbn¬ bmsXmcp n∂Xbpw Cs√

∂p thWw ]dbphm≥. CcpIqćpw ssZhØns‚ GIXmkn≤m¥

Øn¬ hnizkn°p∂p. Ccphcpw Xncp\_n (k) JmØap∂_nøo≥

BsW∂p hnizkn°p∂p. Jp¿B≥ ssZhhN\amsW∂p Ccp Iq´


cpw t_m[n°p∂p. AXpt]mse Ccp]£°mcpw lZokns\ B[mc

am°n ]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. BXvamhns‚ A\izcX acWm

\¥cPohnXw ]p\cp∞m\w in£mc£, kz¿§\cIßƒ AZv`pX

ZrjvSm¥w CXymZn kwKXnIsf°pdns®√mw c≠pIqćpw hnizkn

°p∂p≠v. AXn\m¬ apkvenwIƒ°v s]mXpsh an¿km kmln_n

s∂Xncn¬ bmsXm∂pw DcnbnSm≥ AhImian√.

C\n At±lw apP±nZpw hmKvZØvalvZnbpw akolpamsW∂p F

¥n\p hnizkn°Ww F∂p \nßƒ tNmZn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AXn\p

aXhpambn´p bmsXmcp _‘hpans√∂mbncn°pw Rm≥ ]dbpI.

AYhm _‘aps≠¶n¬ Xs∂ At±lØns‚ B hmZsØ \ntj

[n°phm≥ \nßfpsS ]°¬ bmsXmcp \ymboIcWhpan√. A]

Imcw hnizkn°phm≥ Rßƒ°p a\ phcp∂n√ F∂p ]dbpIb

√msX \nßƒ°v F¥msWmcp \n¿∆mlw! CXn\phn]coXambn A

t±lw Xs‚ hmZØn\p sXfnhmbn hfsctbsd lZoYp\nthZ\

ßƒ AhbpsS hnizmkyXsb \nßfpw \ntj[n°p∂n√. D∂bn

°p∂p≠v. AØcw sXfnhpItfm t]mIs´ an¿km kmln_ns‚

kz¥w PohnXhpw At±lØns‚ injvSmNmchpw awKf kz`mhhpw

Xs∂ At±lØns‚ hmZØns‚ kXyXbnte°v ]_eamb sXfn

hmbncn°p∂p≠v. F∂m¬ sshjayßsf√mw F\n°mWv Fs‚

]°emIs´ ssZhw, dkq¬, Jp¿B≥, AZv`pXZrjvSm¥w (apAv

Pnk) BXvamhv, acWm\¥c PohnXw ssZht_m[w, shfn∏mSv apX

emb hnjbßfpsSsb√mw s]mcpsfm∂p thsdbmWv. AXp Xo¿®

bmbpw AlvaZnIfpw A\lvaZnIfpamb CcpIqćpsSbpw hnizmk

Øn¬ \n∂p tIhew hn`n∂atX. \nßfmIs´, an¿km kmln_n

s\ Zpjn°phmt\m Bt£]n°phmt\m \nßfpsS ]°¬ bmsXm

cp sXfnhpan√mXncns° At±lØn\v FXncmbn ]h¿Øn°p∂p.

Rmt\m At±lØns‚ Ht´sd hnizmkImcyßfpambn XmØznI \n

ebn¬ FXnc`n]mbap≈tXmSp IqSn At±lsØ kvt\ln°pIbpw

a\ m hfsctbsd BZcn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. At±lsØ hensbmcp

almXvamhmbn v kΩXn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. CsX¥p sIm≠mWv? Hcp

]s£ CXmbncn°mw ImcWw: \nßƒ bmYm¿Yyw Xnc™p \S°p

∂Xp KŸßfnembncn°ptºmƒ Rm\Xns\ Xncbp∂Xp lrZb

ßfnemWv. Aßs\ an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_ns‚ lrZb

Øn¬ B bmYm¿Yyw km£m¬Icn®p ImWpIbp≠mbn.


Fs∂ ]mcºcy\nthZ\Øn¬ IpSp°nbnSmXncp∂mepw! AXn¬

s]SpIbmsW¶n¬ ]ns∂ Rm≥ \nc¿YIhpw AbpIvXnIhpamb

Imcyßsf°pdn®p≈ ]Xn]mZ\w Xt∂ Bcw`nt°≠nhcpw. \m¬

]XpsIm√°mew AtX ]cniaØn¬ BaKv\\mbncp∂n´pw AXn\v

Fs∂ a\pjy\m°nØo¿°phm≥ Ign™n√; a‰mtcbpw a\pjy

\m°nØo¿°m\pw AXp ka¿Yambn√, F∂m¬ an¿km kmln

_mIs´ a\ nem°m≥ IgnbmØ At\Iw kwKXnItfmSpIqSn

Øt∂ FXtbsd P¥p kam\sc Blm! a\pjycm°n am‰n! (\nKm

¿, Unkw_¿ 1960)

AlvaZnøm PamAØv

Hcp kao]mhtemI\w1961 sabv amkw HºXn\p A√mam \nbmkv ]m°nkvXm\nte°v

t]mIp∂ hgn°v AarXk¿ (]q¿h]©m_v) kvt‰j \n¬ sh®v

JmZnbm\n¬ \n∂p≈ GXm\pw anXßƒ At±lhpambn A`napJ

kw`mjWw \SØpIbpw At±lsØ JmZnbm\nte°v £Wn°p

Ibpw sNbvXn´p≠mbncp∂p. Xs‚ aS°bmXbn¬ JmZnbm≥ kµ

¿in°msa∂p At±lw ]d™ncp∂psh¶nepw Nne AkuIcyß

fm¬ At±lØn\p hmKvZm\a\pkcn®p ]h¿Øn°phm≥ km[n ®n√.

]m°nkvXm\n¬ Hcp amktØmfw Xmakn®Xn\p tijw At±lw

t\sc eIv\uhnte°v t]mIbmWp≠mbXv. AXn\ptijw Pqembv

e°w \nKmdn¬ “AlvaZoPamAØv Im Ico_vX¿ apXme” F∂

io¿jIØn¬ At±lw Hcp teJ\w FgpXn ]kn≤w sNbvI

bp≠mbn. AXns‚ X¿÷abmWv ChnsS tN¿°p∂Xv. Cu teJ\w

]kn≤s∏SpØnbXn\p tijw A√max \nbmkv Pqembv amkw A¥y

hmcØn¬ JmZnbm≥ kµ¿in°pIbpw Hcp Znhkw AhnsS Xmakn®p

Xncn®pt]mhpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu kµ¿i\sØ ]cma¿in®pw

At±lw Hcp teJ\w FgpXnbn´ps≠∂Xp A\pkvacWobamWv.

eIv\uhn¬ \n∂p ]pds∏Sp∂ kabw a\ n¬ hnNmcn® ]cn]m

Snbn¬ Hcn\w JmZnbm≥ As√¶n¬ d_vh Xo¿®bmbpw kµ¿in

°Wsa∂p≈Xpambncp∂p. Fs¥∂m¬ d_vh apºv bmsXmcp ]®

bpw apf°mØ ]mgv`qanbmbncp∂p F∂pw ]bXv\imenIfmb

AlvaZnIƒ B acpkvYew Hcp ]cnjvIrX\Kcam°nØo¿Øncn


°pIbmsW∂pw Rm≥ tIń´p≠v. JmZnbm≥ kµ¿i\Imcyw

At∏mƒ Fs‚ ZrjvSn]YØn¬ hcmXncp∂Xp IqsS IpSpw_w

apgph\pw D≠mbncp∂Xn\memWv. d_vhbnte°mIs´ Idm®nbn¬

\n∂pw H‰bv°v t]mImambncp∂p. F∂m¬ hyk\w! F\n°v Cu

Dt±iyw \ndth‰m≥ Ign™n√. CXn\v Hcp ImcWw Fs‚ hnkm

bn¬ d_vh bpsS t]cp sIm≈n®ncp∂ns√∂XmWv. c≠maXv Kojv

aImeØv acp]tZibmX°v kmlks∏Sphm≥ amXw Fs‚ Btcm

Kyw ]cym]vXhpambncp∂n√. F∂m¬ Fs‚ Cu Ass[cyØn\pw

Dt]£°pw as‰mcphn[Øn¬ A¬]amsb¶nepw ]cnlmcw Im¨

am≥ km[n®p. AXmbXv Nne AlvaZnanXßfpambn AarXk¿

kvt‰j\n¬ sh®v ImWphm\pw a‰p Nnecpambn emtlmdn¬ sh®v

]cnNbs∏Sphm\pw kwKXnbmbn. AXn¬ ]ns∂ Idm®nbn¬ sh®v

H∂ne[nIw XhW Alv aZnIsf hfsc ASpØp ]cnNbn°phm\pw

a\ nem°phm \pw Ahkcw e`n®p.

k¿h][m\ambn Fs∂ ]`mhnX\m°nØo¿ØXv AhcpsS

A¥t mSpIqSnb s]cpam‰hpw ]p©ncn XqIp∂ apJhpw ]k∂hZ

\hpw D√mk`mhhpambncp∂p. Fs∂ kzm[o\n® as‰mcp ][m\

kwKXn, kw`mjWat[y Ah¿ Ft∂mSp X_veoKv]cambn kwkm

cn°pItbm AlvaZnøm A[ym]\sØ kv]¿in°pItbm D≠mbn

s√∂XmWv. AXv F\n°v CjvSamhpIbpan√mbncp∂p. Fs¥

∂m¬ Fs‚ Dt±iyw au\ ]q¿hw a\ximkvX]camb Hcp ]T\w

\SØpIbmbncp∂p. c≠p XhWbp≠mb kmbmlv\ k¬°mc

thfIfnepw Ah¿ CØcsamcp kq£va]T\Øn\p F\n°v [mcmfw

Ahkcap≠m°nØ∂p. Imcyw ZrjvSn]YØn¬ \n∂pw sX‰n

PnlvqBKlØn¬ hcpamdmIbpw Fs‚ ho£WKXn amdn

t∏mIbpw sNøpambncp∂ bmsXmcp kwKXnbpw Ah¿ Inf¿

Ønbn√. CXv AhcpsS HuNnXyt_m[sØbmWv ImWn°p∂Xv.

AlvaZnøm PamAØv InbmXvaIamb Hcp kwLS\bmsW∂v

F\n°dnbmambncp∂p. Cu Adnhv Gdnb Iqdpw ipXn kvYhpw

KŸ]cnanXhpambncp∂p. AhcpsS PohnXmSnkvYm\w Xs∂ ]b

Xv\ioeØnepw a¿a\ncXXzØnepw Dd∏n°s∏´XmsW∂pw ]cn

iakz`mhw AhcpsS ]cnj Nnlv\ambnØo¿∂ncn°pIbmsW

∂pap≈Xv F\n°v Duln°m≥ t]mepw Ign™nń√mØXmWv.


AlvaZnøm PamAØv Hcp t_m[I kwLS\ (anjy\dn Pam

AØv) BsW∂p≈Xp k¿∆ hnZnXamWs√m? Ah¿ APøamb

a\°cptØmSpw s\©pdt∏mSpw IqSn Hcp ]tXyI e£ysØ em

°m°n apt∂dns°m≠p s]mIp∂p. AXn\p≈ ZrjvSm¥w Ckvemw

NcnXØn¬ BZy\q‰m≠pIƒ°v tijw Fßpw Imäm\n√.

Idm®nbn¬ ]mhs∏´h¿ A[nhkn°p∂ c≠p kvYeØv Alva

ZnIƒ kvYm]n®p \SØnt∏mcp∂ c≠v [¿auj[imeIƒ D≠v.

Ah GXm\pw AlvaZnbphP\Øns‚ ]cnia êßfmsW∂dn

™t∏mƒ Rm≥ kvX_v[\mbnt∏mbn! Cu NnIn’msIńSßƒ

°p≈ Ipgnbm´ IodnbXpw `nØnIƒ sIńs∏m°nbXpw ta¬°qSv

icns∏SpØnbXpw Ahbv°p th≠ ^¿Æn®¿ Xømdm°nbXpsa

√mw B bphP\ßfpsS ssI∏WnbmsW∂p≈Xp Gsd BivNcy

Icambncn°p∂p. Cu Huj[imeIfn¬ \n∂p Znhkhpw \qdp IW

°mb ]mhßƒ°p kuP\yambn acp∂p amXa√ ]Yymlmchpw

\¬Is∏Sp∂p F∂Xpw ]kvXmhyamWv. IqSmsX P\kmam\y

Øns‚ a\xkwkvImcm`nh¿≤\Øn∂mbn Ah¿ hmb\ime Ifpw

KŸmebßfpw \SØnt∏mcpIbpw sNøp∂p.

Znse inIkvX Zdm≥ IqN aoIp\µv ZpdpkvXv

Np\m≥sI JpZv \in\mko sI AkvIpPm _inIpkvXv

A¿Yw:˛ DS™ lrZbsØ B sXcphn¬ sh®p Ah¿

icns∏SpØp∂p; DShp FhnsSbmsW∂p ]n∂oSv Xncn®dnbm ≥

km[n°mØ XcØn¬.

Idm®nbnepw emtlmdnepw Cu PamAØnse AKßƒ Aømbncw

hoXw hcpw. F∂m¬ AhcpsS D¬IrjvS`mhnsb kw_‘n

t®StØmfw Ah¿ kpiIvXamb ASnkvYm\Øn¬ Dd∏n°s∏´

ZrVhpw `Zhpamb Hcp kvYm]\amWv; Cf°w ]‰mØXpw Pbn

°m\mhmØXpamb BbkZp¿KamWv. ]≈nbnse hnip≤Iam\

Ønepw ]kwK]oTØnepw sh®p ]et∏mgpw ]d™ptIƒ°mdp

≈Xpw F∂m¬ Fßpw Imäm≥ IgnbmØXpamb B D¬IrjvS

amXrIbpsS ]Xy£ Nnlv\ßfmWh¿.

Ah¿°v Cu hnthN\w ]Zm\w sNbvXXv GsXmcp ImcyamWv?

Cu sshinjvSyw Ah¿°p GsXm∂n\m¬ e_v[]mbambn? F

s∂mcp tNmZyw ChnsS D≠mImw. CXn\p≈ DØcw A`yp∂Xkap


ZmbßfpsS NcnXØn¬\n∂v \ap°v e`n°pamdmIp∂p. AXnsXm

∂p amXamWv. kZmNmc amlmXvayw! kwkvImcu¬IrjvSyw!

Ahsc Im^ndpIsf∂pw \n¿aXkvYsc∂pw ]d™mt£]n°p

∂h¿ Ct∏mgpw apkvenwIfn¬ [mcmfap≠v. F∂m¬ Ckvemw hmZn

Ifmb a‰p hn`mKßfnsem∂pw Xs∂ PohnX ]cnip≤nbnepw Ckv

emanI in£WØnepw kl\w, £a, kvssYcyw XpSßnb

KpWßfnepw AlvaZo PamAØns‚ ]mZ]mwkphns\ t]mepw

kao]n°m≥ A¿lamIp∂n√.

Z,Z>.8-:ÎiŠ!ŸZ

Cu(≥) BXsi t\dwKv \ tkmkZv la Ikvdm

A¿Yw:˛ Cu AXv`pXIcamb AKv\n F√mhtcbpw Pzen∏n°p

∂n√. (AXmbXv, Gh¿ injvSmNmcØnepw k¬tkh\Ønepw

apt∂dns°m≠pt]mIbpw im¥n, ]cnXymKw apXemb D¬IrjvS

KpWßfm¿÷n°pIbpw sNøp∂pthm Ah¿ amXamWv F√mhcp

a√ ssZht]aamIp∂ AKv\nbm¬ ]pS ]mIw ]m]n®p kzbw t]a

]mXambnØocp∂Xp F∂p hywKw˛ ]cn`mjI≥)

AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ NcnXw 1889 ¬ kamc_v[amsW∂Xv

Hcp Kp]vXhnjba√. hmNIm¥tcW ]dbp∂Xmbm¬ AXns‚ kvYm

]\w apX¬ Ct∏mtg°v Fgp]XpsIm√w Ign™tXbp≈q. F∂m¬

CXbpw Npcpßnb ImeØn\Iw e£°W°n\v BfpIƒ AXn

t\mSp A\p_‘n®ncn°pamdp≈ XcØn¬ AXXtbsd hnkvXrXn

]m]n®ncn°pIbmWv. Cu Znhy`SP\w (a¿Zms\ JpZm) Ckveman

s‚ bYm¿Ym[ym]\Øns‚ a\pjyXz]cnt]mjWkn≤m¥ Øn

s‚ ˛ ]NmcWhpw ]km[\hpw \n¿hln°p∂Xn¬ hym]rXcm

bn ImWs∏SmØ bmsXmcp cmPytImWpw temIØn√ Xs∂!

PamAØns‚ kvYm]IcpsS hntbmKm\¥cw Ipsd Ign™Xn¬

]ns∂, 1934 ¬ BWv AXns‚ Ct∏mgsØ t\Xmhv, XlvcosI

PZoZv F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp \hy]NcW]≤Xn Bcw`n°pIbp≠m

bXv. A∂v AXns‚ hm¿jnI _P‰v 27,000 cq]bmbncp∂p. F∂m¬

Ccp]Ø©psIm√ambt∏mtg°pw AXp 20,80,000 (Ccp]Xp e£

Øn F¨]Xn\mbncw) cq]bmbn h¿[n®ncn°pIbmsW∂Xp Biv


NcyIcambncn°p∂p. Cu kwJy FXbpw kq£vaXtbmSpIqSn

hyhkvYnXamb \nebn¬ CkvemanIm[ym]\Øns‚ ]NmcWØn

\pw ]cn]me\Øn\pambn sNehgn°s∏Sp∂p. JmZnbm\nepw d_vh

bnepw \n∂v A√mlp AIv_¿ F∂ ]cn]qXi_vZw Db¿Øs∏Sp

tºmƒ bqtdm∏v B^n° Gjy Cu qJfißfnse hnZqcÿhpw

A‘ImcmhrXhpamb tZitImWpIfnse ]≈nIfn¬ \n∂pw B

XIv_o¿ [z\n s]mßpamdmIp∂p. AhnSßfnse√mw \qdpIW

°mb AlvaZnIƒ ]ctZinIfmbn ssZham¿§Øn¬ tkh\a\p

jvTn®psIm≠v kp[ocw apt∂dp∂p.

A\mhiyImcyßfn¬ XebnSmsX \oXn]q¿hw h¿Øn°pIbpw

alØmb tkh\a\pjv‰n°pIbpw sNøp∂ Cu PamAØns\

CXc¿ Bt£]n°p∂Xp ImWptºmƒ F\n°v hfsc ZpxJap

≠mhpIbpw apkvenwIfpsS Cu ZrjvSnssh]coXyØn¬ Rm≥

BivNcys∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p.

a_o≥ lIo¿ KZmbms\ CivIvdm sI Cu≥ Iuw

imlms\ t_Kpl¿ h Jpkvdphms\ t_ Ie A≥Zv

A¿Yw:˛ t]a`n£pIcmb ÌvXsshcmKnIsf \nßƒ \nµn

°mbvhn≥; Fs¥∂m¬ C°q´¿ JPm\bn√mØ cmPm°∑mcpw

IncoSan√mØ NIh¿ØnamcpasX.

Rm≥ AlvaZnøm ]kvYm\sØ°pdn®p A`n]mb]IS\w

sNbvXpXpSßnbXpapX¬ BivNcyIchpw IuXpImhlhpamb

]e tNmZyßfpw Ft∂mSv sNøs∏´phcnIbmWv. Nne a\pjy∑m¿

Cu PamAØns‚ hnizmk]amWßsf Ipdn®p tNmZyw sNøp∂p.

a‰p Nne¿ t\scbßv AlvaZnømkvYm]Is‚ alvZnXz\_nXzhm

Zßsf kw_‘n®mWv tNmZn°p∂Xv. thsd Nne¿ At±lØns‚

kZmNmc\nesb If¶nXam°n ImWn°m≥ ian®psIm≠v F\n°v

At±lØns‚ t]cn¬ shdp∏p≠m°nØo¿°m≥ Dt±in°p∂p.

C\nsbmcp Iq´¿ Rm≥ AlvaZnbmbncn°p∂pthm F∂p hyIvX

ambn´v tNmZn®p XpSßnbncn°bmWv. Rm\nsX√mw ihn°pIbpw

au\w Zo£n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Fs¥∂m¬ Ah¿ Ft∂mSv Cu

tNmZyßsf√mw sNøp∂Xv Fs∂bpw Xßsft∏mep≈ Hcp apk

¬am\mbn IcpXp∂XpsIm≠pw Hcp bYm¿Yyw Adnbm ØXp

sIm≠paX. AXmbXv:


lw IAv_ H lw _pXvISkw sKdsK am_qZv

d^vtXw H k\w _¿ksc salvdm_v intIkvXw.

A¿Yw:˛ IAv_bpw t£Xhpw c≠pw Fs‚ am¿§Øn¬ hneß

Sn®p \n¬°p∂ ]mdIƒ t]msebmWv. AXpsIm≠v Rm≥ sN∂p

hnip≤Iam\Øn\p apºn¬ sh®p Xs∂ _nw_ßƒ DS®p If™p.

aXhpw kZmNmchpw bYm¿∞Øn¬ H∂p Xs∂bmWv. Cu

t_m[Ønt∑¬ A[njvTnXambn´p≈XmWv AlvaZnøm PamAØv

F∂mWv Rm≥ a\ nem°p∂Xv. AXpsIm≠p Xs∂bmWv Ah¿

aX]camb h¿KobXbn¬ \n∂p FXtbm ImXw hnZqcs∏´hcm

bncn°p∂Xpw. Ah¿ F√m kmwkvImcnI aXßsfbpw _lp

am\n°p∂p. kakrjvSntkh\w kw_‘n t®StØmfw h¿Æw,

PmXn, am¿Kw, apXemb hn`mKobt`Zw AhcpsS ]°¬ Imcya√.

Ah¿ kmam\y\nebnep≈ Blmcw Ign°pIbpw kmZm hkvXw

[cn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠p BUw_cclnXcmbn Pohn°p∂p.

knKc‰v, elcn]m\w, XpSßnb Zp»oeßsf h¿÷n°p∂hcpamWv.

\mSIimebpw kn\namKrlhpambn Ah¿°v Imcyan√. hnt\mZß

fn¬ BkIvXnbpan√. Ah¿ XßfpsS PohnXØn\p Hcp t\¿]mX

shń sXfnbn®n´p≠v. AXneqsS Ah¿ A¥t mSpw `ZXtbmSpw

Ncn°pIbmWv. CXp Xs∂bmWv AhcpsS kvXoP\Øns‚bpw

kmlNcyw. CtX A¥co£ØnemWv AhcpsS _mehrµßfpw

hf¿∂phcp∂Xv. AhcpsS hnizmkImcyßsfs¥√msa∂Xns\

kw_‘n®p F\n°v bmsXmcp Imcyhpan√. Rm≥ Ahsc tIhew

a\pjysc∂ \ne°v ho£n°p∂p. amXrIma\pjysc∂ \nebn¬

Ahsc°pdn®p≈ _lpam\w Fs‚ lrZbØn¬ kvYew ]nSn®ncn

°pIbmWv. CtXhsc AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ kvYm]Is\ ]Tn

°phm≥ iant®StØmfw Rm≥ F∂√ At±lØns‚ PohnXhpw

Ncybpw BXvam¿YXtbmSpw kXyt_m[tØmSpw IqSn ]T\w sNøp

∂ Bcpw At±lw icn°pw \_n Xncpta\n(k)tbmSp≈ t]am

XntcIØm¬ \naKv\\pw Ckvemans\ Ipdn®p \njvIf¶amb kvt\

lhpw klXm]hpap≈bmfpambncp∂p F∂p kΩXn°phm≥ \n¿

_‘nX\mIp∂p. At±lw ]d™Xpw ]h¿Øn®Xpsa√mw kzX

thbp≈ Xs‚ BXvam¿YhnImcßfpsSbpw kZznNmtcmt±ißfp

sSbpw êambncp∂p. AXpsIm≠p At±lØns‚ hnNmc hnip

≤nsb Ipdn®p bmsXmcp tNmZyØn\pw AhImian√. F∂m¬ At±


lw GXp hnizmkßfnte°mWv P\ßsf £Wn°pIbp≠m bXv

F∂Xns\°pdn®p thWsa¶n¬ kwhmZw \SØmw. AXns\ ]‰n

NcnX]cambpw bpIvXn]cambpw \ap°v \ncq]Ww sNømhp∂

XmWv. F¶nepw AXpsIm≠v bmsXmcp ]tbmP\hpan√. F¥psIm

s≠∂m¬ AXmIs´ At±lØns‚ kz¥w ]cnWmaêßfpam

bn´p _‘s∏´XmIp∂p. At±lØns‚ A]Zm\hpw k®cnXhpam

bn´p _‘s∏´X√. bYm¿Yamb Imcyw A]Zm\hpw k®cnXhpw

Xs∂bmWv.

C\nbp≈ ]iv\w Rm≥ AlvaZnbmbncn°pt∂m F∂p≈XmIp

∂p. CXns\ kw_‘n®p Rms\¥p ]dbm\mWv. Rm≥ AlvaZn

bmhp∂tXm Ccn°s´, Rm≥ apkvenamsW∂Xp Xs∂ kwibK

kvXamb kwKXnbmWv. AlvaZnøØnemIs´ bYm¿YImcyw ]hr

ØnbmWp Xm\pw. Cu \nehmcØn¬ Rm≥ Fs∂ IqSpX¬ A\

¿l\mbn´mWv ImWp∂Xv.

',aò”x¤/Z,Šgi**gò+

_lva≥ aoiqZw K¿ Cu≥ IZ¿ kp∂m¿ ao_kvXw

A¿Yw:˛ Rm≥ _mlvaW\mbnØocps∂¶n¬ AXn∂\pkcn®

hn[w ]q¨\qepw [cn®ncn°pambncp∂p.

BIbm¬ Ft∂mSv CØcw ]cpj]camb bmsXmcp hnjbhpw

tNmZn°mXncn°pIbmWv \∂v. AXp tIhew \njv eamb Imcy

amsW∂XpsIm≠p amXa√ C°mcWØmepw Xs∂.

ZntcKm B_qsb ssSK¿ K¿ Kmen_v apk¬am≥ iqZv

A¿Yw:˛ Kmen_v apk¬am\mbnt∏msb¶n¬ t£XØns‚ (]m\

afieØns‚) am\w Atlm IjvSØnembn!

(AXmbXv, almIhn Kmen_v aZy]m\mbncp∂psh∂pw a‰pw ]dbs∏Sp∂p.

At±lw ]ivNmØ]n®p Xs‚ Zp»oesØ Dt]£n®ncp∂psh¶n¬ At±lØn

s‚ kl]m\nIƒ tJZn°pIbpw AXp ]m\afieØn\p am\lm\nbmbn Ah¿

IcpXpIbpw sNøpambncp∂p. AXps]mse Xs‚ apk¬am\Xzw Xs∂ kwib

KkvXamsW∂p ]dbp∂ ]finXteJI≥ Xs‚ ]kvXpXamb kmlNcysØ

Dt]£n®p AlvaZnbmbnØocp∂ ]£w Xs‚ klNmcnIƒ°pw klhnizmkn

Iƒ°pw B ]cnh¿Ø\w tIm]Xm]ßƒ°v ImcWambnØocpsa∂p≈XmWv

D≤rX]m¿kn ]ZyiIeØns‚ hywKm¿∞w ˛ ]cn`mjI≥)


CXp kw_‘n®v F\n°p as‰mcp kwKXn IqSn ]dbphm\p≈Xv

CXmWv, Rm≥ AlvaZnøm kmlnXyw kkq£vaw ]cntim[n®p

am‰p \n¿Wbn°p∂ Imew C∂s√¶n¬ \msf Xo¿®bmbpw hcp

∂Xmbncn°pw. hs√mcp kwKXnbpw \√ t]mse Kln°msX hniz

kn°pIsb∂Xp Fs‚ ]IrXn°p H°mØXmIp∂p. F\n°nXp

hsc a\ nembnń√mØ NneXv AlvaZnøØns‚ hnizmkImcy

ßfnepw Dƒs∏´pImWp∂p ≠v. F∂m¬ AXv Fs‚ kz¥w hyIvXn

]camb \ntj[tam kzoImcytam Bbn´pamXw _‘s∏´Xmbn

cn°pw. AX√msX AXn∂p AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ kmaqly

k¬`mhhpambn´p bmsXmcp _‘hpan√. AXns‚ ]tcm]Imc]c

amb k¬`mhsØ \ntj[n°pIsb∂m¬ ]Iens\ cmsh∂p ]d

bpw t]msebmWv. Rms\mcn°epw ]Iens\ cmsh∂p ]d™n

t´bn√. (Pqembn 1961)

JmZnbm\n¬ GXm\pw aWn°qdpIƒ

Pqembn 28,29 XnøXnIfn¬ Rm≥ JmZnbm\n¬ Ign®p Iqńb

GXm\pw aWn°qdpIƒ Fs‚ PohnXØnse Hcn°epw ad

°m\mhmØ LSnIIfmIp∂p.

a\pjyPohnXsa∂Xv izmtkmNvOzmkØns‚ t]cp amXa√.

IÆpXpd∂p t\m°n ImWpIbpw a\ nem°pIbpw sNøp∂ Xns‚

t]cpIqSnbmWv F¶n¬ PohnXØnse F√m \nanjhpw Hmtcm \hy

]mTØm¬ Hmtcm ]pXnb A\p`hØm¬ A\pKXambncn°p∂

XmWv. F∂m¬ B GXm\pw aWn°qdpIƒ°nSbn¬ Cu kvYeØp

Rm≥ I≠sX√mw Fs‚ PohnXØnse AXtbsd at\mlchpw

lrZbmh¿÷Ihpamb A\p`qXnbmbncp∂p. Fs‚ Ignhn¬ s]´

Xmbncp∂psh¶n¬ AºXp sIm√w ]nt∂m°w amdns®∂p JmZnbm

\nse AlvaZnøm PamAØn¬ ImWpamdmb AsX PohnXw Rm≥

Bcw`n°pambncp∂p. F∂m¬,

ssl^v kZv ssl^v sI amtZ¿ J_¿Zm¿ iqtZw

A¿Yw:˛ Atlm IjvSw! alm IjvSw! F\n°p hnhcw e`n®Xp

hfsc sshInbmbnt∏mbn!

hyIvXnKXamb \ne°v Rm≥ Ft∏mgpw I¿aclnX\mbn´mWncp

∂Xv. F¶nepw PohnX]iv\ßsf ˛ Ahbn¬ aXhpw Dƒs∏Spw ˛


Rm≥ F∂pw t\m°n°mWmdp≈Xv kmaqly ho£WtImWn¬

IqSnbmWv. Cu ho£WtIm¨ Fs‚ ]°¬ Ne\mXvaIXzhpw

I¿a]cXbpw A√msX as‰m∂pa√.

]ns∂ Cu IY hfsc \o≠ H∂mWv. Ign™ Ac\q‰m≠n\nS

bn¬ FX hfsc Z¿thivaTßfpw Ipeo\ IpSpw_ßfpw FXtb

sd kvYm]\ßfpw hnZymebßfpw FXsbX ]kwKa©ßfpw

Ae¶rXIam\ßfpw Fs‚ ZrjvSn]YØn eqsS IS∂pt]mbn´p≠v!

Rms\ßs\ Ahsb√mw AhKWn®v IS∂pt]mbn! H∂pw Fs∂

BI¿jn°pIbp≠mbn√. F∂m¬ PohnXØn¬ Ct∏mƒ BZyam

bn´mWv AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ kPohhpw kpPmKhpambn I≠

kwLS\ ImWpIbm¬ Rm≥ HcnSØp kvX_v[\mbn \n∂p

t]mbXv. Fs‚ PohnXØnse ]pXpXmb Cu A\p`hhpw t_m[

hpw Rmt\Xp hm°pIfmemWv shfns∏SptØ≠sX∂p F\n°v

a\ nemIp∂n√!

apkvenwIfpsS timNymhkvYbpw Ckvemanse ]finX hrµß

fpsS I¿ΩcmlnXyhpw \nanØw C\n Ft∏msg¶nepw Ahcn¬ Poh

e£Ww ImWmbvhcpsa∂v hnNmcn°m≥ t]mepw km[ya√mØ

XcØn¬ AXb[nIw Rm≥ `Kv\mi\mbnØo¿∂p. F∂m¬ C

t∏mƒ AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ Pohkp‰ I¿ahyhkvYnXn ImWp

Ibm¬ F\n°nßs\ A\p`qXamIp∂p.

Kp© ^n¿ eKm Jn¬t\, BPv lws\ A]v\m

Zn¬ Jq≥ Inbm lphm tZJm KpwInbm lphm ]mb

A¿Yw:˛ Rm\n∂p Fs‚ lrZbw hWnXambn I≠p; ]ns∂ ]q

sam´ hnScm≥ XpSßn. Cßs\ If™pt]mbXp Rm≥ Is≠Øn.

AsXs¥∂m¬ Ckvemw temIØv C∂v Cusbmcp ÿm]\w

(AlvaZnøm PamAØv) amXta BXvaob£Whpw ]t_m[\hpw

\SØnt∏mcp∂Xmbn´p≈q. Fs‚ ]°¬ Ckv emans‚ Imcykmcw

Cu £Whpw ]t_m[\hpw A√msX as‰m∂pa√.

temI¿ e£y]m]vXn°mbn hgnIƒ Xncbp∂p; sIm√ßtfmfw

Np‰nØncnbp∂p. Ahcn¬ A¬]w t]¿ amXta e£yw ]m]n°p

∂p≈q, Cu A¬]w Nnecn¬ Hcmfmbncp∂p an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv

JmZnbm\n F∂mWv Rm≥ a\ nem°p∂Xv. BIbm¬ At±lw

GsX√mw hgnIfneqsS IS∂psN∂n´mWv D±njvSkvYm\Øn¬


FØnt®¿∂sX∂p At\zjn°pIbpw BcmbpIbpw sNøp∂Xv

C\n ]tbmP\clnXambncn°pw. kØmb Imcyw am¿Kss]amin

\SØpIb√. e£y]m]vXnbmIp∂p. Rm≥ AlvaZnøm PamAØn

s\ CjvSs]Sp∂psh¶n¬ AXv Ah¿ e£yw ]m]n®ncn°p∂p

F∂XpsIm≠p amXamWv. Cu e£yw AYhm D±njvSw Ckvem

ans‚ hnip≤ kvYm]I¿ ASbmfs∏SpØnØ∂n´p≈Xp Xs∂bm

Wv. AXn¬ \n∂pw n∂amb bmsXm∂ns\bpw Rm≥ ]cnKWn°p

∂n√; ]cnKWnt°≠p∂ Bhiyhpan√.

JmZnbm\nte°p≈ Fs‚ BKa\hpw CtX ImcyirwJetbmSp

A\p_‘n® Hcp IÆnbmbncp∂p. AXmbXv, GhcpsS I¿aWy

PohnXsØ Ipdn®p Rm≥ tI´pt]m∂ncp∂pthm AsXm∂p IÆm¬

ImtWWsa∂p Rm≥ A`nejn®ncp∂p.

hfsc Ipd™ kabw IcpXnbmWv Rm≥ ChnsS h∂Xv. F∂m¬

Hcp Xocpam\w ImWp∂Xn\v Cu A¬]kabhpw t]mcmØXmbncp

∂n√. ImcWw Cu PamAØns‚ PohnX kzcq]w Xpd∂ Hcp KŸw

t]msebmWv. AXns‚ ]T\Øn \v A[nIt\cw Bhiyan√. Fß

s\? F¥n\v? F∂o hn[ tNmZyNnlv\ßfpsSbpw Bhiyan√. CXp

t]mseXs∂ AhcpsS Bôkv cWhpw kzNvOkv SnIw t]mse

kv]vjSambXmWv. AXn\p ta¬ I¬ajw Atijhpan√. B]mZ

NqUw BXvam¿∞Xbpw injvSmNmchpw; XnI®pw Ne\mXvaIXz

hpw I¿Ω]cXbpw.

JmZnbm\nse AlvaZnøm PamAØnep≈ Z¿thivam¿ F∂p ]d

bs∏Sp∂ hyIvXnIƒ Ccp\qdne[nIan√. Ch¿ Cu sNdp\KcØn

s‚ Hcp tImWn¬ im¥kpµchpw au\`Zhpamb A¥co£Øn¬

kzI¿Øhy \n¿hlWØn¬ hym]rXcmbncn°p∂p. Ahsc°

≠m¬ Cßs\tXm∂pw:

bIv NndmKkvØv Zco≥ Jm\x Akv]¿Xu B≥

l¿ IPm ao \Kvco A©pas\ kmJvX Aµv

A¿Yw:˛ Cu KrlØn¬ Hcp Zo]ap≠v. AXns‚ Zo]vXn]`mh

Øm¬ FhnsS t\m°nbmepw Hmtcm kwLw Aew¶rXambncn°p

∂Xmbn ImWmw.

ChctX 1947se c£]fbL´Øn¬ AdpsImebv°p apºn¬

XßsfXs∂ A¿∏n®psIm≠v \n¿`bcmbn XßfpsS [¿a]YZ¿


iI\mb BXvaKpcphns‚ P∑kvYm\Øn¬ ]‰n \n¬°pIbpw Hcp

\nanjt\ctØ°pt]mepw AhnSw hn´p t]mIm≥ Iq´m°mXncn°p

Ibpw sNbvX B sNdp kwLw!

ausP Jq≥ k¿sk Kpk¿ Iyq(≥) \ Pmsb

BkvXms\ bm¿tk DTv Pmtb≥ Iym?

A¿Yw:˛ \nWXcwKameIƒ intcm`mKØpIqSn IS∂p t]mIp∂

Xmbmepw kvt\l]mXØns‚ B kvYm\Øn¬ \n∂p Fgpt∂‰p

t]mhpItbm?

Cu PamAØv injvSmNcWw aptJ\ amXw Bbnc°W°nep≈

iXp°sf XßfpsS anXßfpw t]anIfpam°n am‰nØo¿°pIbpw

Ahscs°m≠p JmZnbm≥ \Kcw Zmdp¬ Aam≥ im¥n \ntIX\w

AYhm c£mtKlw BsW∂p kΩXn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p

∂p. C¥ybnemsIbp≈ AlvaZnøm kvYm]\ßƒ°pw imJm

kwLßƒ°pw t\XrXzw \¬In Ahsb√mw \nb¥n°p∂Xv CtX

PamAØp Xs∂bmWv. hnZqckvYamb Cu kvYeØp \n∂mWv

C¥ybpsS \m\m`mKßfnepw Ckveman\pw a\pjyXzØn\pap≈

alØmb tkh\w \n¿hln°s∏´phcp∂Xv.

C\nbpw NneXp tIƒ°ptºmƒ \nßƒ°v BivNcyw tXm∂pw:

Ign™ aq∂psIm√Øn\Iw Ch¿ Ckvemans‚ A[ym]\w, \_n

NcnXw, aXØns‚ BhiyIX, Jp¿Bs‚ sshinjvSyw CXymZn

hnhn[ hnjbßsf A[nIcn®p≈ \m¬]Øn aq∂v ]pkvXIßƒ

lnµn, DdpZp, Cw•ojv, Kp¿ΩpJo F∂o `mjIfn¬ ]kn≤w sNbv

Xn´p≠v. Cu ]pkvXIßfpsS 4,40,500 ]XnIƒ an°hmdpw kuP\y

ambn Cu cmPy°mcpsS CSbn¬ hnXcWw sNøs∏ńcn°pIbmWv.

CtX ]Imcw apkvenwIƒ°pw AapkvenwIƒ°pw PmXn hyXymk

at\y hnZym`ymkthX\w \¬Ip∂Xn\p 1950 apX¬ 60 hsc 31,000

cq] Cu PamAØv Nnehgn®ncn°p∂p. JmZnbm\n¬ Xs∂ aq∂p

hnZymebßƒ \SØs∏Sp∂p≠v. BÏpńIƒ°pw s]ÏpńIƒ

°pap≈ c≠p anUn¬ kvIqfpIfpw auehn ^mkn¬ (F®v. G)

]co£mtIm¿kv hscbp≈ as‰mcp hnZymebhpw C¥ybpsS CXc

`mKßfn¬ ]Xnaq∂p kvIq fpIfpap≠v. Chs°√mw IqSn PamAØv

Bbnc°W°nep≈ cq] Nnehgn®p hcp∂p.

Chs°√mw ]pdsa, PamAØns‚ as‰mcp henb tkh\w ]Nen


Xamb Hcp [¿akvYm]\cq]Øn¬ \SØs∏Sp∂ JmZnbm\nse

Bip]XnbmWv. ChnsS \n∂p 1948 apX¬ CXp hsc 3,46,000 tcm

KnIƒ NnIn’n°s∏ń´p≠v. Chcn¬ 30 iXam\w t]¿ apkv

enwIfpw 70 iXam\w AapkvenwIfpambncp∂psh∂Xv ]kvXmhm¿

lamWv.

CXtX JmZnbm\nse AlvaZnøm PamAØv sNbvXv t]mcp∂

tkh\ßfn¬ NneXv. AhcpsS Cu P\ipiqjIfm¬ BIrjv

Scmbn 1948 apX¬ CXphsc GItZiw Hcp e£w BfpIƒ ]pdsa

\n∂v h∂p ChnSsØ kvYnXnhntijßƒ ]Tn°phm≥ ]Wns∏Sp

Ibp≠mbn´p≠v.

AlvaZnøm ]kvYm\Øns‚ P\bnXmhv hfsc i≤m]q¿hw

Xøm¿ sNøn®ncp∂ kvYm]\ßfmb ChnSsØ tImtfPv t_m¿

Unßv lukv ChbpsS hºn® sIńSßfpw Rm≥ ImWpIbp

≠mbn. Cu sIńSßƒ hn`P\Øn\p tijw Dt]£n°s∏´

A`bm¿YnkzØp°ƒ F∂ \ne°p Kh¨sa‚ v ssIhis∏SpØn

h®ncn°pIbmbncp∂p. F¶nepw Ah Ct∏mƒ AlvaZnøm PamA

Øn\p Xs∂ hn´psImSpØncn°pIbmWv.

lZvdØv an¿km kmln_ns‚ ss_Øp¬ nIv¿ ss_Øp ±pB,

ss_Øp¿cnbmkØv, akvPnZv \q¿, akvPnZv AJvkm, an\mcØp¬

akolv apXembhbpw Rm≥ kµ¿in®p. At∏mƒ At±lw Ckv

emans‚ kwc£°mbn \nc¶piambn sNbvXpt]m∂ ]bXv\ßtfm

sSm∏w Bbncambncw B]ØpIfpw IjvS∏mSpIfpw kln®p sIm

≠v \n¿hln® F√m tkh\ßfpw Fs‚ apºn¬ ]Xy£o`qXambn.

Cu tkh\ßfpsS A\pKlêßƒ temIØns‚ hnZqctImWp

Ifn¬ Ct∏mgpw A\p`hs∏´psIm≠ncn°p∂p.

Rm≥ JmZnbm\n¬ sN∂ AhkcØn¬ AhnsS Hcp P¿Ω≥

Imc≥ AlvaZn an. hn¬slw \mkndpw D≠mbncp∂p. Hcp Z¿thiva´p

Imc\mb At±lw FXtbm amkßfmbn AlvaZnøm PamA

Øns‚ hnhn[ tIµßfpw kvYm]\ßfpw Hcp k©mcnsbt∏mse

kµ¿in®p ]T\w \SØp∂Xn¬ G¿s∏ńcn°pIbmWv. At±l

sØ I≠t∏mƒ P¿Ω\nsbt∏m ep≈ Hcp ioXcmPyØnse \nhm

kn C¥ybnse AXypjvWw Fßs\bmWv kln°p∂Xv F∂p

Rm≥ BivNcys∏´p. F∂m¬ Rm≥ At±lhpambn kwkmcn®


t∏mgmIs´ Cu bmXt¢ißƒ At±lØn¬ bmsXmcp `mht`Z

hpap≠m°nbnńs√∂p a\ nembn.

CivIv l¿Pm ao_¿Zv amdm kmam≥ _¿Zv

A¿Yw:˛ t]aw \sΩ F√mbnSØpw FØn°p∂p. F√m km[\

kmaKnItfmSpw IqSn hln®psIm≠pt]mIp∂p.

InkvXpaXw Dt]£n®p Ckvemw aXw kzoIcn®Xp F¥p sIm

≠msW∂p Rm≥ tNmZn®t∏mƒ an: \mkn¿ adp]Sn ]d™Xv, Ckv

emanse kZmNmc]mTØns‚ sshinjvSyw ImcWambn´msW∂m

bncp∂p. CXns\°pdn®p≈ Adnhpw At±lØn\p BZyambn e`n

®Xp P¿Ω\nbnse AlvaZnøm PamAØns\ \nco£Ww sNbvX

t∏mgmWsX. AlvaZnøm PamAØv ]mivNmXytZißfnepw B^n

°bnepw FXbpw Bthi]q¿hw CkvemanI tkh\Øn¬ G¿

s∏ńcn°bmWv. AXns‚ Hcp FItZi cq]w Ah¿ hnhn[ `mj

Ifn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ ]cn`mjIƒ FXbpw i≤tbmSpw kq£v

aXtbmSpw IqSn ]kn≤w sNbvXpsIm≠ncnIp∂Xn¬ \n∂p \ap°v

Duln®dnbmhp∂XmWv. Cw•ojv, P¿Ω\n, U®v, kzmlnen F∂o

`mjIfnep≈ X¿÷aIƒ Rm≥ Xs∂ ImWpIbp≠mbn. Ahcp

sS alma\kvIXbpw Hu’pIyhpw I≠n´v Rm≥ hnkvab`cnX

\mbnØo¿∂ncn°bmWv.

Rm≥ ChnsS \n∂v hnShmßn ]ncnbp∂ AhkcØn¬ lZvdØv

an¿km kmln_v A¥yhniaw sIm≈p∂ kvYehpw ImWpIbp≠m

bn. At∏mƒ At±lØns‚ ]cnXymK]camb PohnXhpw ]bXv\

]cºcbpw Fs‚ apºn¬ AWn\nc∂p B alt’h\Øn\pXpey

amb as‰mcp ZrjvSm¥w Cu ImeØp as‰ßpw Is≠Øp∂n√.

1WV'.©øEGI

$pî GIgZâ0+ Hœ/ÃÒÛ;Š¶KV!*iŠ@

A¿Yw:˛ ¿lmZns‚ DfnbpsS ]mSv ]mdta¬ Ahtijn®ncn°p

∂sXmgnsI, ¿lmZv sNbvXp Iqńb B ]bXv\]cºcbpsS cq]

tcJ ImWn®p Xcm\mcp≈q? (\nKm¿, k]vXw_¿ 61)

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Islam Ahmadiyya - w...Author :Allama Niyas Fatahpuri Translator: N.Hamid Sahib DTP & Layout :Mudassar Ahmad Published by: Nazarat Nashro Isha’at, Sadr Anjuman Ahamdiyya, Qadian -143516