IT Concept CH-01

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IT ConceptsIT ConceptsChapter: 01

Introduction to Computer System

Muhammad BabarMuhammad Babar


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Computer System

The word computer is derived from theLatin word compute which means tocompute or calculate

With this meaning a computer isconsidered to be a calculating devicethat can perform arithmetic operationsin less mount of time

Computer 80% were used for Mathematical Operations


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But todays computers perform a lot of jobs like

arithmetic operations, text based work, graphical work Videos Audio etc

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What Is a Computer?

Computer is a device that operates onData/Information

Computer is an electronic device whichtakes data (data may be numbers, lettersor both or even sounds) from input device(keyboard), processes it with a highelectronic speed and gives the result as

output 4


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A computer is an electronic device thatcan

accept data (input), process the data according to specified rulesor instructions,

produce results (output), and store the results (storage) for future use.

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All computers are electronic device andusing D.C (Direct current)

Data moves inside computer electrically

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Characteristics of a computer

System Almost everybody works on computer tosolve their problems

Computer is used that much because of its characteristics

Following are some of thecharacteristics due to which computer isconsidered to be so useful and helpful

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Speed Accuracy Diligence Power of remembering No feelings

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Speed: Computer is a very fast device It can perform the amount of work in few

seconds that a human being can do inwhole year

Accuracy: The accuracy of a computer is consistently

high and the degree of accuracy of aparticular computer depends on its design

Errors may occur in a computer, but theseare mainly due to human beings rather than

technological weakness, 11


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Diligence Human beings get bored from monotony

If they work on the same thing for a longtime, they get bored and also become tired Unlike human beings, a computer is free

from monotony, tiredness, etc. thus it can work for hours without creating

any error.

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Power of remembering: A computer can store and recall any

amount of information Every piece of information can be retained

as long as desired by the user and can berecalled as when required

No feelings: Computers are free of emotions They have no feelings because they are

machines they work for us day and night without any

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Elements/Components of Computer System

A computer system is the combination of the following five/six elements:

1. Hardware2. Software3. People

4. Procedures5. Data/Information6. Connectivity

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1. Hardware:

The machines in computer system areknown as hardware

The Physical and real components arecalled Hardware Hardware are divided into Four Groups:

Input Hardware Storage Hardware Processing Hardware Output Hardware

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Two types of Software System Software

Application Software

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3. People

Computer system is designed by the people,

Built by the people and Used by the people

People operate the computer Hardware aswell as develop computer software

Peoples are grouped as : System/ Software Developers System/ Software Administrators System/ Software Operators/users 19


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4. Procedures

Procedures means Rules, Policies,Methods, Techniques required to use theComputer system

These procedures are learn by the user and then applied on the computer tocomplete a task

If a user dont the method How to use thecomputer system he will not be able to dohis work using the computer system

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5. Data/Information

All facts and figures or instructions inraw form are called data

This raw material is processed intouseful information

In other words, information is theproduct of data processing (means aprocessed data is called information)

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datadataRaw facts, figures, andsymbols

Processes data intoinformationinformation

Data that is organized,meaningful, and useful

Produces and stores results


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Types of Data

Text/ Numeric data Graphical data Video data Audio data

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Connectivity

If two or more than two computer systemwants to share the data they needsConnectivity

Computers are connected by two ways: Wire/ Guided Media Wireless/ Unguided Media

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End of Chapter 01

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IT Concept CH-01