izdj.k ifgys - gscen.shikshamandal.orggscen.shikshamandal.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Final_Sinchan...1 izdj.k ifgys izLrkouk] mn~ns’k o egRo izkLrkouk % Hkkjr gk d`”kh iz/kku

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izdj.k ifgys

izLrkouk] mn~ns’k o egRo

izkLrkouk %

Hkkjr gk d`”kh iz/kku ns’k vlqu 70 VDds turk d`”kh

O;olk;kr dk;Zjr vkgs- g;k ns’kkrhy tkLrhr tkLr yksdla[;k d`”kh

O;olk;kr dk;Zjr vlY;kus d`”kh O;oLFksr ‘ksrhps osxGs egRo fo”kn

dj.;kph vko’;drk ukgh- Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk d`”khiz/kku vlY;kus

HkkjRkkP;k vkSn;ksfxd vkfFkZd fodklkpk izeq[k L=ksr ‘ksrh gkp vkgs-

vkSn;ksfxdj.k vkf.k vkfFkZd fodkl ;k fodkl:ih jFkkP;k nksUgh

pkdkauk d`”kh:is vklkus lw=jFkkus cka/kwu Bsoys vkgs- g;k d`”kh:ih

vklkyk vkiY;k gkrkr /k:u Bso.kkjh turk xzkeh.k Hkkxkr vkgs-

nqlÚ;k ‘kCnkr Hkkjr gk [ksM;kpk ns’k vkgs- vkf.k d`”kh O;olk;

xzkeh.k O;olk; vlY;keqGs /kkuizfØ;k mn;ksxlq/nk xzkeh.k mn;ksx

vkgs- xzkeh.k {ks=kr /kkukps mRiknu ‘ksretqjkaph miyC/krk] xzkeh.k

ifjogukph lk/kus vkf.k mRiknukyk LFkkuhd ekx.kh vlY;kus gk

mn;ksx xzkeh.k mn;ksx Eg.kwu lacks/kY;k tkrks-

Ikk.kh gk ek.klkpk thoukpk vk/kkj vkgs- laiw.kZ jkT;kph]

ns’kkph vkfFkZd lkekftd le`/nh ik.;kP;k lkB;koj voyacqu vkgs-

ek.klkP;k ‘kk’or fodklklkBh ik.kh veqY; vkgs- ikolkOnkjs feG.kkjs

ik.kh /kj.kkP;k ik.kyksV{ks= fodkl dkekaP;k o HkwtykaP;k ek/;ekrwu

vMowu vko’;drsuqlkj R;kpkokij dj.;klkBh fofo/k ;kstuk vk[k.ks]

jkcfo.ks] R;klkBh fofo/k iz;ksx dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- vkt jkT;krhy

Hkwty okijkaiSdh 85 VDds okij flapuklkBh] 10 VDds okij

vkS|ksfxdrslkBh vkf.k fuOoG 5 VDds okij fi.;kP;k ik.;klkBh gksrks-

egkjk”Vª jkT;kph Hkwi`”Bh; fLFkrh ifgY;kl y{kkr ;srs dh ;kr 1@3

MksaxjkG] 1@3 vo”kZ.kizo.k o 1@3 vfritZU;kps {ks= vkgs- 97-72

VDds dBh.k ik”kk.kkph Hkw’kkL=h; jpuk vkgs- ;sFks itZU;kckcr

ygjhi.kk vlY;kus ikÅl iM.;kr cjhp fo”kerk vk<Grs- R;kr

ikolkps ik.kh tfeuhrwu eqjrs ¼T;kyk vki.k HkwtyL=ksr Eg.krks½

fdaok Hkwi`”Bko:u okgwu tkrks- Hkwi`”Bk[kkyhy tylaiRrhpk lap; o

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miyC/krk gh itZU;eku] Hkwi`”Bkph fLFkrh o HkwxHkkZph fLFkrh ;koj

voyacqu vlrs R;keqGsp ik.;kps fu;kstu o O;oLFkkiu xjtsps Bjrs-

nqnSokus vkt jkT;Hkj Hkwty ikrGh [kkykor pkyyh vkgs-

cksvjosYlph la[;k izpaM ok<Y;kus ik.;kpk milk izpaM eksB;k

izek.kkr gksr vkgs- ijarq R;k rqyusr Hkwtykps lao/kZu iquHkZj.k gksr

ukgh fg fparsph ckc vkgs-

Hkkjrkr ikolkph vfuf’prrk o vfu;feri.kkeqGs Hkkjrh;

‘ksrhyk ekUlwupk tqxkj EgVys vkgs- Eg.kwu HkkjrkP;k ckcrhr ik.;kps

egRo “Water is life without water all living things die”. vls vkgs- lthokauk

thou tx.;kdjhrk vUuis{kkgh ik.;kph xjt vkgs- Eg.kwu ik.;kyk

thou vls lacks/krkr- ik.kh Eg.kts ‘ksrhps thou o ik;k vkgs-

Hkkjrh; ‘ksrh ik.;koj txrs o ik.;kfouk u”V gksrs vls EgVys tkrs-

Hkkjrkr ik.khiqjoBk >kY;kl tehuhph mRikndrk lkr iVhus ok<rs

vkf.k iwohZ T;k tehuhr iqohZ dkghgh mRiUu dsys tkow ‘kdr uOgrs-

R;k tfeuhph mRikndrk eksB;k izek.kkr ok<rs- MkW- Ogk;ydkj ;kauh

rj vls EgVys vkgs dh] ‘ksrh dj.;kr fofo/k lalk/kukiSdh Hkkjrh;

‘ksrdÚ;kyk [kr vkf.k ik.kh i;kZIr izek.kkr feGkY;kl rks okGoaVkps

ns[khy uanuou d: ‘kdrks Eg.ktsp ‘ksrhph izxrh o fodkl

ik.khiqjoB;koj voyacqu vkgs vls Eg.krk ;sbZy-

Hkkjrkyk d`”kh iz/kku jk”Vª Eg.kwup vktgh vksG[kys tkrs-

dkj.k Hkkjrkrhy ,dw.k jk”Vªh; mRiUukr d`”khps ;ksxnku 25izfr’krP;k

toGikl vkgs ekxhy iUukl o”kkZP;k dkGkr jk”Vªh; mRiknukrhy

d`”khpk okVk deh >kysyk vlyk rjh vFkZO;oLFksr d`”khps egRo deh

>kysys ukgh- yksdla[;k ok<hcjkscj d`”kh mRiknu R;k izek.kkru

ok<Y;kus vUu/kkU;kph xaHkhj leL;k fuekZ.k gksrs- ;koj mik; Eg.kts

tyflapukOnkjs mRiknu ok<fo.ks gks;- flapu O;olk;keqGs mRiknu o

mRikndrk fdrh ok<rs\ vkf.k mRiUukr gks.kkjh ok< fdrh vkgs gk

vkfFkZd v/;;ukpk eqG fo”k; vkgs- ;k n`”Vhus izLrqr fo”k;kyk

vFkZ’kkL=kr vuU; lk/kkj.k egRo izkIr >kys vkgs-

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orZeku Hkkjrh; ‘ksrdjh vkf.k Hkkjr 2020 %&

ns’k vkfFkZd egklRRkk curks vkgs gs fo/kku fl/n dj.;klkBh

fofo/k iqjkos iq<s dsys tkrkr- vkfFkZd fodklkpk nj ok<yk vkgs] ,dk

cktwyk fodklkpk nj ok<r vkgs] Hkkjr egklRRkk curks vkgs- gs

eukyk xqnxqnY;k dj.kkjs fo/kku nqlÚ;k cktwyk r:.kke/khy ok<rh

csdkjh] vkfnoklhe/;s cky e`R;qps ok<ras izek.k] ok<rs dqiks”k.k]

ns’kkHkjkrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ok<R;k vkRegR;k gsgh okLro vkgs- gs

okLro ukdk:u êgkLkRrs* ph dYiuk ipk;yk vo?kM tkr vkgs-

fodklkpk nj ok<rks vkgs r’khp csdkjhgh ok<rs vkgs- v’kk fodklkyk

vFkZ’kkL=h vkrk ^ tkWcysl xzksFk* Eg.kw ykxys vkgsr- v’kk fodklkyk

[kjks[kjp fodkl Eg.kk;pk fdaok ukgh vlsgh iz’u eksB;k izek.kkoj

mHks dsys tkr vkgsr- vkfFkZd fodklkpk nj ok<r vkgs] i.k R;kpk

foLrkj mPp&e/;e oxkZiqjrk e;kZfnr vkgs- rks [kkyi;Zar iksgkspr

ukgh-

egkRek xka/kh ps ‘ksrhcn~ny fopkj %&

egkRek xka/khP;k usr`Rokr gk ns’k Lora= >kyk- dsoG jktdh;

Lokra™; R;kauk d/khp vfHkizsr uOgrs- xksjk tkÅu dsoG dkGk ;kok]

ijdk tkowu vkiyk ;kok vkf.k vkiY;kauh /kksj.ks ek= ?kjP;kphp

jkcokohr] R;klkBh R;kauh fuf’prp vkiyk nsg f>toyk ukgh- ^ykWLV

esu ‘ksoVpk ek.kwl gk R;kP;k Lokra™;kpk dsanzfcanq gksrk- ;k ‘ksoVP;k

ek.klkyk vkRegR;k d:u ‘ksoV djkok ykxr vlsy rj gh eksBh

‘kksdkafrdkp Eg.kkoh ykxsy- egkRek xka/khuh dks.khrjh R;kaP;k

vFkZ’kkL=kph ifjHkk”kk fopkjyh gksrh- R;koj ,dk vksGhr ^Vq dUOgVZ

osLV bu Vw osYFk bV bt n MsfQus’ku vkWQ ek; bdkWukWfeDl* gs

R;kps mRRkj gksrs- ts ts Eg.kwu ôk;k* tk.kkjs vkgs R;kps ^laiRRkh*

e/;s :ikarj.k dj.ks gh egkRE;kph vFkZuhfr gksrh- vkiY;k ns’kkr

r:.kkbZ ^laiRRkh* e/;s :ikarfjr djk;ph vlsy rj fryk jkstxkj

ns.ks xjtsps vkgs-

4

la’kks/ku leL;sps o.kZu %

tylaink foHkkxkyk ¼iwohZpk ikVca/kkjs foHkkx½ 150 o”kkZpk mToy

bfrgkl vkgs- egkjk”Vª jkT;kph fuehZrh 1960 lkyh iqohZP;k eqacbZ

jkT;kps foHkktu egkjk”Vª o xqtjkr e/;s >kY;kuarj >kyh- 1960

lkyh lkoZtfud cka/kdke foHkkxkps ikVca/kkjs foHkkx vkf.k bekjrh o

jLrs foHkkx vls foHkktu >kys- 26 vkWDVksacj 2004 iklwu ikVca/kkjs

foHkkxkps tylaink foHkkx Eg.kwu ukedj.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs-

egkjk”Vª jkT; LFkkiusiwohZ eqacbZ] iq.ks o ukf’kd ;k rhu foHkkxkadjhrk

rhu osxosxGs ikVca/kkjs vf/kfu;e vfLrRokr vkys gksrs- if’pe

egkjk”Vªkdjhrk eqacbZ flapu dk;nk 1931 rj fonHkZ foHkkxkdjhrk

lsaVªy izksfOgtu dk;nk vf/kfu;e 1931 rj ejkBokMk foHkkxkdjhrk

gSnzkckn flapu dk;nk 1848 ykxw gksrk- jkT; iwuZjpusuarj flapu

fodklkyk xrh vkyh- ijarq osxosxG;k izns’kkr osxosxGs dk;ns ykxw

vlY;kus ik.kh laca/kkrhy ;kstuk dk;kZUohr djrkuk vMp.kh fuekZ.k

gksow ykxY;k R;keqGs laiw.kZ egkjk”Vªkyk ykxw gks.kkjk dk;nk 5 vkWx”V

1676 jksth ikVca/kkjs vf/kfu;e r;kj dj.;kr vkyk-

egkjk”Vªkps] HkkSxksfyd {ks= 30-08 n’ky{k gsDVlZ vlwu]

ykxoMhyk;d {ks= 22-5 n’ky{k gsDVlZ vkgs- d`”kh fodklkdjhrk

tylaink foHkkx egRokph Hkwfedk ctkor vkgs- flapu {kerk

fufeZrhe/;s egkjk”Vªkus Hkjho dkefxjh dsyh vkgs- egkjk”Vª jkT;

LFkkiusosGh jkT;kph flapu {kerk 3-86 n’ky{k gsDVlZ ,o<h gksrh-

vkrk gh flapu {kerk 12-6 n’ky{k gsDVlZ i;Zar iksgkspyh vkgs-

;kiSdh 8-5 n’ky{k gsDVlZ flapu {kerk Hkwi`”Bh; tykeqGs o 4-1

n’ky{k gsDVlZ Hkwi`”Bk[kkyhy tykeqGs fuekZ.k >kyh vkgs- twu 2010

i;Zar Hkwi`”Bkojhy ik.;keqGs fuekZ.k >kysyh flapu {kerk 4-6 n’ky{k

gsDVlZ ,o<h vkgs- jkT;kP;k ,dw.k ik.kh okijkiSdh 80% ik.khokij

flapukdjhrk] 12% ik.khokij ?kjxqrh okijkdjhrk] 40% ik.khokij

vkS|ksfxd okijkdjhrk o moZjhr ik.khokij vkSf”ed] tyfo|qr mtkZ

fdaok brj dkj.kkalkBh gksr vkgs- egkjk”Vªkrhy cgqrka’k yksdkaps thou

‘ksrh fdaok ‘ksrhlaca/khr O;olk;koj voyacwu vkgs- jkT;kaP;k

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vFkZdkj.kke/;s ‘ksrh vkf.k ‘ksrhfo”k;d O;olk;kaps LFkku vR;ar

egRokps vkgs- ;keqGs d`”kh mRiknuok<hlkBh iqjsls] osGsoj o

[kk=h’khji.ks flapu gks.ks vR;ar egRokps o vko’;d vkgs-

egkjk”Vªkr ,dw.k 400 u|k vkgsr o ;kaph ,dw.k ykach toGikl

20]000 fd-eh- brdh vkgs- egkjk”Vª jkT;kps okf”kZd itZ.;eku

lk/kkj.ki.ks 400 feeh rs 6000 feeh P;k njE;ku vkgs- egkjk”Vªkps

ljkljh itZ.;eku 106 feeh brds vkgs- jkT;kr tkLrhrtkLr

ikÅl ikolkG;kr Eg.ktsp twu rs lIVsacj njE;ku iMrks- o ;krhy

cgqrka’kh ikÅl ;k dkyko/khr 40 rs 100 fnolkP;k njE;ku iMrks-

egkjk”Vªkyk flapukph tquh ijaijk vkgs- vkrklq/nk vfLrRokr vlysyh

flapukph i/nrh gh 300 rs 350 o”kkZiwohZph tquh flapu i/nr vkgs

o rh flapukph lokZr fdQk;r’khj flapu O;oLFkkiu i/nr vkgs-

egkjk”Vªke/;s dkyok i/nrhus flapu dj.;kP;k i/nrhe/;s lj ,e-

fo’os’ojS;k ;kapk flgkapk okVk vkgs- ;kauh ‘kkL= i/nrhus flapukpk

vH;kl dsyk- yksdlgHkkxkrwu flapu i/nrhps O;oLFkkiu ra=

loZizFke egkjk”Vª jkT;kus vaxhdkjys vkgs- [kjs rj ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k

lgHkkxkrwu ‘ksrh fdaok flapu gh ckc ns’kkyk fdaok jkT;kyk uohu

ukgh- vxnh lkrO;k ‘krdkr dkosjh unhP;k mxe Hkkxkr ik.kh okij

laLFkk dk;kZfUor vlY;kps nk[kys bfrgklkr vk<Gwu ;srkr- jkT;kP;k

fofo/k Hkkxke/;s ik.kh okij laLFkk ;’kLoh LFkkiuk >kY;k] vlwu

ifgyh ik.khokij laLFkk lu 1984 e/;s LFkkiu >kyh] R;k vk/kkjs

egkjk”Vª ‘kklukus] flapukpk ykHk ?ks.kkÚ;k ykHkkF;hZauk] ik.khokij laLFkk

LFkkiu dj.ks] ca/kudkjd dsysys vkgs- vkrki;Zar flapukdjhrk 86

eksBs izdYi] 258 e/;e izdYi o 3108 y?kw izdYi tylaink

foHkkxkus iw.kZ dsys vkgsr-

fonHkkZe/;s nksu ‘krdakiwohZ ekyxqtkjh rykokaps cka/kdke dj.;kr

vkys- [kMdoklyk] nkj.kk o HkaMkjnjk ;k /kj.kkaph dkes lu 1926

iwohZ >kysyh vkgs- dksYgkiwjps laLFkkfud Jhear N- ‘kkgw egkjkt ;kauh

jk/kkuxjh /kj.k cka/kys- /kj.kkrhy ik.kh unhe/;s lksMwu fofo/k fBdk.kh

NksVs ca/kkjs cka/kwu] rsFks ik.kh vMowu] R;kOnkjs flapu dj.;kr vkys- gs

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ca/kkjs R;k dkGkr vfr’k; yksdfiz; Bjys- ;k ca/kkÚ;kauk dksYgkiwj

i/nrhps ca/kkj Eg.kwu vksG[k.;kr ;srs- egkjk”Vª jkT;kP;k fuehZrhuarj

1962 lkyh] ifgyk flapu vk;ksx LFkkiu dj.;kr vkyk- ik.;kps

L=ksr rlsp miyC/k L=ksrkapk dkVdljhus okij dj.;klkBhps nwjxkeh

/kksj.k Bjfo.;klkBh] ;k vk;ksxkph LFkkiuk dj.;kr vkyh- rnuarj

tylaink foHkkxkekQZr eksB;k izek.kkoj izdYikaph cka/kdkes gkrh

?ks.;kr vkyh- tylaink foHkkxkus lu 2011 i;Zar xkBysys fodklkps

fofo/k VIis [kkyhy izek.ks vkgsr-

;kp dkyko/khe/;s] flapu O;oLFkkiukP;k lq/kkj.kslg /kj.kkaph

cka/kdkes o izdYike/;sgh lq/kkj.kk dj.;kr vkY;k- iw.kZ >kysY;k

izdYikaph ;ksX; ns[kHkky o nq:Lrh d:u] ik.;kpk viO;o Fkkacowu

vf/kdkf/kd ik.kh vckf/kr Bsowu] flapu dj.;kph ladYiuk gh ;kp

dkGkr :tyh xsyh-

Ekgkjk”Vª ‘kklukus] ikVca/kkjs izdYi tyn xrhus iw.kZ dj.;kdjhrk

ikp fodkl egkeaMGkaph LFkkiuk dsyh R;ke/;s egkjk”Vª d`”.kk [kksjs

fodkl egkeaMG] fonHkZ ikVca/kkjs fodkl egkeaMG] rkih ikVca/kkjs

fodkl egkeaMG] ejkBokMk ikVca/kkjs fodkl egkeaMG] dksd.k

ikVca/kkjs fodkl egkeaMG ;kapk lekos’k vkgs- ;k eaMGkps eq[;

vf/kdkjh gs ‘kklukP;k lfpo ntkZps vlqu R;kauk dk;Zdkjh lapkyd

vls inuke ns.;kr vkys vkgs- LFkkiusuarj lq:okrhP;k dkGke/;s] ;k

egkeaMGkauk [kqY;k cktkjkrwu] fu/kh mHkk dj.;kph] ijokuxh ns.;kr

vkyh gksrh- l/;k ;k loZ egkeaMGklkBh egkjk”Vª ikVca/kkjs foRr

egkeaMGkOnkjs ,df=r fu/kh mHkk dsyk tkrks- ts izdYi egkeaMGkP;k

v[kR;kfjr ;sr ukghr rs tylaink foHkkxkP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyh ;srkr-

l/;k vLrhRokr vlysY;k loZ ikVca/kkjs fodkl egkeaMGkaph iwuZjpuk

gh unh fodkl vfHkdj.kke/;s d:u] unh [kksÚ;kaP;k fu;kstu o

O;oLFkkiuke/;s cny d:u] jkT;kP;k flapu {kersl cGdVh

vk.k.;kP;k n`”Vhus ‘kklukus Bksl ikÅy mpyys vkgs- HkkSxksfydn`”V;k

jkT;kps 5 unh [kksÚ;ke/;s foHkktu dj.;kr vkys vkgs- ;ke/;s

d`”.kk] xksnkojh] rkih] ueZnk o dksd.k Hkkxkrhy if’peokghuh u|k

7

;kapk lekos’k vkgs- ;k 5 unh [kksÚ;kaP;k O;ofLFkr fu;kstuklkBh

R;kaps foHkktu iqUgk 25 mi [kksÚ;kar dj.;kr vkys vkgs-

flapu lqfo/kkaps fu;kstu o fodklkaph dkes ‘kklukus] tylaink

foHkkx] xkzeh.k fodkl o tyla/kkj.k foHkkx ;kapsdMs lkaioyh vkgsr-

T;k eksB;k] e/;e o y?kq ikVca/kkjs izdYikaps ykxoMh ;ksX; {ks=

250 gsDVj is{kk tkLr vkgs] R;ka izdYikaps losZ{k.k] fu;kstu o

ladYiu cka/kdke o tyO;oLFkkiukph dkes gs tylaink foHkkxkekQZr

dj.;kr ;srkr- T;k ikVca/kkjs izdYikaps ykxoMh ;ksX; {ks= gs 250

gsDVj is{kk deh vkgs R;kaps losZ{k.k] fu;kstu] cka/kdke o O;oLFkkiu

gs xzkeh.k fodkl o tyla/kkj.k foHkkxkdMs lksifo.;kr vkys vkgs- ;k

O;frfjDr dksYgkiwj i/nrhP;k ca/kkÚ;kps fu;kstu] cka/kdke o

O;oLFkkiu] milk flapu ;kstuk] oG.k ca/kkjs] ik>j ryko] xkorGh]

y?kq ikVca/kkjs ryko o 100 gsDVj is{kk deh ykxoMh ;ksX; {ks=

vlysys y?kq ikVca/kkjsph dkes ftYg;kP;k LFkkuhd ikrGhoj] ftYgk

ifj”knsP;k xzkeh.k fodkl foHkkxkdMs lksifo.;kr vkysyh vkgs-

‘ksrdÚ;kauk flapu O;oLFkkiuke/;s lgHkkxh d:u ?ks.;kph ‘kklukph

Hkwfedk vf/kd ewrZ Lo:ikr izR;{kkr vk.k.;klkBh flapu izdYi iw.kZ

>kY;kuarj R;kps izpkyu o O;oLFkkiu yksdkadMwu o yksdkalkBh gks.ks

ghp yksd’kkghph ewY;f/kf”Br ifjHkk”kk vkgs- ;kp rRokyk vuql:u]

fo/kheaMGkr lfoLrj ppkZ gksowu loZ ykHkkFk;hZuk leku U;k; ns.kkjk

o nqcZy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ik.;kpk vf/kdkj ns.kkjk egkjk”VªkP;k flapu

fodklkpk /;kl Bso.kkjk o iqPNHkkxkrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vfLersph dkl

/kj.kkjk dk;nk vfLrRokr vkyk vkf.k rks Eg.kts egkjk”Vª flapu

i/nrhps ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu O;oLFkkkiu dk;nk 2005 gks;- egkjk”Vª

‘kklukus ik.kh okij laLFkkauk gk dk;nk ykxw dsyk vkgs- R;keqGs

tylaink foHkkxkdMwu ‘ksrdÚ;kayk oS;fDrdfjR;k ik.kh ns.;kr ;s.kkj

ukgh] rj foHkkx dsoG ik.kh okij laLFksykp ?kuekiu i/nrhus ik.kh

miyC/k d:u nsbZy o ‘kklu dsoG ik.kh okij laLFkk o ‘ksrdjh

;kae/khy nqok jkghy- ik.kh okij laLFkk LFkkiu d:u R;k flapu

O;oLFkkiuklkBh ‘ksrdÚ;akpsdMs gLrkarj d:u ‘kklukus ;ke/;s

8

lqyHkrk vk.kyh vkgs- gs tylaink O;oLFkkiukps Qkj eksBs lk/; vkgs

vlsp Eg.kkos ykxsy-

leL;k (Problem) %&

1½ /kkU; mRiknu dj.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauk R;kaP;k /kkU;kph ;ksX; fdaer

feGr ukgh-

2½ vfu;fer ikÅl iMr vlY;kus .kkU; mRikndkauk usgehp

uSlfxZd izdksikyk cGh iMkos ykxrs-

3½ HkkaMoykph [kqi eksBh leL;k vlY;kus ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu uohu

vkStkjkaph [kjsnh gksow ‘kdr ukgh-

4½ rka=hd Kkukpk ‘ksrdÚ;kae/;s vHkko vlY;kus mRiknukr ok,

fnlqu ;sr ukgh-

5½ fc&fc;k.kkaP;k o [krkaP;k ok<R;k fderheqGs R;k ekukus mRiknukr

ok< u >kY;kus ‘ksrdÚ;kaph fujk’kk gksrs-

la’kks/ku fo”k;kps egRo (Important of Research subject) %&

1½ ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k n`f”Vdks.kkrqu egRo %& Hkkjrh; ‘ksrdjh xjhc]

vf’kf{kr] deh f’kdysys] vkf.k vla?kfVr vkgs- R;kP;k d`”kh

mRiknukr ok< Ogkoh] R;kaph Qlo.kqd gksoq u;s] R;kaph lkSnk’kDrh

ok<koh] R;kaP;k ‘ksrekykyk ;ksX; Hkko feGqu ykHk feGkok] R;kaph

cpr fuekZ.k Ogkoh] cpr gs HkkaMoy fuehZrhps lk/ku vkgs- HkkaMoy

fuehZrheqGs ‘ksrh {ks=kr xqaro.kqd ok<hyk o vf/kd esgur dj.;kl

izksRlkgu feGkos Eg.kwu ‘ksrdÚ;kapk vkfFkZd o lkekftd fodkl

?kMowu ;kok- Eg.kqu izLrqr ‘kks/k fo”k;kps egRo vkgs-

2½ ns’kkP;k n`f”Vus egRo %& ns’kkrhy loZ ukxfjdkauk oktoh njkr

lgt vUu izkIr Ogkos gs izR;sd ljdkjps drZO; vlrs- jkstxkjkr

ok< Ogkoh] mRiknukr ok< Ogkoh] fu;kZrh e/;s ok< Ogkoh] vkS|ksxhd

{ks=kyk enr feGkoh] njMksbZ mRiUukr ok< Ogkoh] vkarjjk”Vªh; pyu

izkIr Ogkos] ekx.kh o iqjoB;kr larqyu fuekZ.k Ogkos- yksdkaph

9

Ø;’kDrh ok<koh- ns’kkpk vkfFkZd o lkekftd fodkl ?kMwu ;kok]

Eg.kqu izLrqr ‘kks/k fo”k;kps egRo vkgs-

3½ vkarjjk”Vªh; O;kikjkP;k n`f”Vus egRo %& egkjk”Vª ,;jiksVZ

MsOgYiesaV daiuh Onkjk ukxiwj ;sFks izLrkfor ^êYVh ekWMsy baVjuW’kuy

gc ,;jiksVZ ukxiwj (Multi Model International Hub Airport at Nagpur)

MIHAN** fg egRodka{kh ;kstuk lq: >kysyh vkgs- ukxiwj iklqu

xksafn;k ftYg;kps varj 169 fdyksehVj nqj vkgs- ukxiwjkr izLrkfor

^^dkxksZ gc** pk ykHk xksafn;k ftYg;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk izkIr gksbZy

dkj.k vkarjjk”Vªh; O;kikjkP;k n`f”Vus ukxiwjps egRo fnolsafnol ok<r

vkgs- o txkP;k udk’kkoj ukxiwjps LFkku izeq[krsus fnlqu ;sr vkgs-

R;keqGs g;k ;kstuspk ykHk QDr ukxiwjykp u feGrk vktqcktqP;k

{ks=kyk lq/nk feGsy- o fu;kZr O;kikjkvarxZr d`”kh eky fu;kZrhyk

pkaxys fnol izkIr gksrhy R;keqGs xksafn;k ftYg;krhy rlsp frjksMk

rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk d`”kh eky fu;kZrhpk Qk;nk feGsy Eg.kwu

izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kkps egRo vkgs-

la’kks/ku fo”k;kph fuoM %&

^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq&flapu izdYikaps d`”kh

fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukph vko’;d

Eg.kts frjksMk rkyqD;krhy d`”kh mRiknu ‘ksrdjh gksr- frjksMk

rkyqD;kr flaphr ‘ksrhph mRikndrk o vflaphr ‘ksrhph mRikndrk

g;kapk rqyukRed flapukph d`”kh foHkkxkr ;ksxnku vkgs gs ‘kks/kwu

dk<.ks gks;- tls ik.;kf’kok; ek’;kaP;k ¼ekls½ thoari.kkph dYiuk

djrk ;sr ukgh rls flapukf’kok; mRre ‘ksrhph dYiuk dj.ks pwdhph

vkgs- y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs d`”khpk fodkl >kyk fdaok ukgh ‘kks/kwu

dk<.ks] vk.k[kh flapukph fdrh xjt vkgs gs ‘kks/kwu dk<.ks rlsp ‘ksrh

O;rhfjDr brj fofo/k {ks=krhy vkS|ksxhd ?kVdkaps eqY;ekiu lrr

pkyw vlrs- R;kiklwup ufou fopkj izokg ufou dk;Zi/nrhpk ‘kks/k

?ksryk tkrks- lq/kkj.kk lqpfoY;k tkrkr] R;kapk fud”k ykoyk tkrks

10

vkf.k R;kaph vaeyctko.kh dsyh tkrs rlsp d`”kh m|ksxkckcr tk.kho

gks.ks vko’;d vkgs gs y{kkr ?ksowu lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYikpk vH;kl

dsyk vkgs-

la’kks/kukph mfn”V;s % ^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq&flapu

izdYikaps d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukps

mfn”Vs [kkyhy izek.ks vkgs-

1 flapu O;oLFkkiukeqGs LFkk;h] gaxkeh o ,dw.k jkstxkj

fuferhZoj dk; ifj.kke >kyk ;kpk vH;kl dj.ks-

1 flapu izdYikeqGs ‘ksrhP;k mRikndrsr fdrh iVhus ok< >kyk R;kpk

vH;kl dj.ks-

2 flapu O;oLFkseqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkfFkZd o lkekftd fLFkrhrhy

cnykaps v/;;u dj.ks-

3 flapu izdYikpk iqjsiqj okij dj.;kr ;sr vkgs dk;] ;kps

v/;;u dj.ks-

4 /kkU; mRiknuklaca/kh ;s.kkÚ;k leL;kaps v/;;u dj.ks-

5 ‘ksrdÚ;kauk feG.kkÚ;k fofo/k lks;hpk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks o R;k fdriV

‘ksrdÚ;kauk feGkY;k R;kpk izR;{kkr fdrh Qk;nk >kyk ;kpsgh

v/;;u dj.ks-

6 /kkU; mRikndkaP;k mRiUu o [kpkZps R;kaP;k mRiUu xVkuqlkj

v/;;u dj.ks o fo’ys”k.k dj.ks-

7 ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fidkiklwu gks.kkÚ;k ykHk o rksVk ;kapk vH;kl dj.ks-

8 frjksMk rkyqD;krhy tyflapu {kersps v/;;.k dj.ks-

9 ugj cka/kuh dP;k Lo:ikph vlY;keqGs okjaokj ik.;kpk viO;;

gksr jkgrks- R;kdfjrk ;s.kkjk [kpZ vkf.k ik.;kpk viO;; gksr

jkgrks- R;kdjhrk ;s.kkjk [kpZ vkf.k ik.;kpk viO;;kP;k izek.kkps

v/;;u dj.ks-

11

izdj.k nqljs

la’kks/ku i/nrh

nSo funZ’ku i/nrhus fuoM %&

‘ksrh dj.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaps o R;kaP;k leL;sckcr vpwd fu”d”kZ

dk<rk ;kok ;klkBh frjksMk rkyqD;krhy vH;kl dj.;kps Bjowu

uequk fuoM dj.;kr vkyk- ;ke/;s flafpr ‘ksrdjh o vflafpr

‘ksrdjh ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k leL;kaps fo’ys”k.kkRed vH;kl d:u R;kaP;k

dqVwackph vkfFkZd o lkekftd ckchpk ns[khy vH;kl dj.;kr vkyk

;klkBh lexz vuqlalk/ku i/nrhpk voyac dj.;kr vkysyk vkgs-

uequk fuoMrakuk osG] Je vkf.k iSlk R;kapk fopkj fo”k;k’kh laca/khr

loZ O;Drhph laidZ ‘kD; ulrs R;kpk fopkj d:u uequk fuoM.;kr

vkysyk vkgs- uequk fuoM djrkauk] la’kks/kdkauk oSKkfud i/nrhpk

voyac djkok ykxrks- R;keqGs la’kks/kukP;k v/;;ukr fo’olfu;rk

rj jkgrsp rlsp lektkP;k la’kks/kukrwu dk<ysys fu”d”kZ o

ueqU;ko:u dk<ysys fu”d”kZ toGikl lkj[ksp vlrs- ‘kkL=h;

i/nrhus gs fl/n dj.;kr vkys vkgs- uequk fuoM i/nrhr eqyHkwr

rRokaps ikyu djkos ykxrs- R;keqGs uequk gk ;ksX; o izfrfuf/kd

Lo:ikpk Bjrks-


fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukps vH;kl

dj.;klkBh loZizFke frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu izdYikP;k vf/kuLr

;s.kkjs ‘ksrdjh o vflaphr ‘ksrdjh v’kh nksu Hkkxkr foHkkx.kh

dj.;kr vkyh o laiw.kZ frjksMk rkyqD;krhy 150 ‘ksrdÚ;kaph nso

funZ’ku i/nrhus fuoM dj.;kr vkyh gs 150 d`”kh mRiknd ‘ksrdjh

fofo/k foHkkxkrhy] fofo/k tkrhrhy] fofo/k ‘kS{kf.kd xVkrhy rlsp

deh&tkLr tehu /kkj.k dsysY;k ‘ksrdÚ;kapk lekos’k gksbZy ;kph

[kcjnkjh ?ks.;kr vkyh vkgs-

12

rF; ladyu i/nrh %&

la’kks/ku izfØ;sP;k fofHkUu iSywoj izdk’k Vkdwu la’kks/kukpk

vkjk[kMk r;kj djrkuk o.kZukRed o funkukRed vkjk[kM;kph fuoM

dsyh- fu;ksthr v/;;uklkBh v/;;u fo”k; Eg.kwu fuoM.;kr

vkysY;k O;Drhph fuoM uequk pkp.khus dsyh- izR;{k Hkkrkph ‘ksrh

dj.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k dqVwackrhy 150 dqVwac izeq[kkaph rF;

ladyuklkBh fuoM dsyh o R;kph izR;{k eqyk[kr ?ksowu ekfgrh

ladyhr dsyh- R;kuqlkj miyC/k ekfgrhP;k vk/kkjs lkaf[;dh;

Li”Vhdj.kkP;k lgk¸;kus gs dk;Z dsys- ;kOnkjs fo”k;kps lexz o

vFkZiw.kZ Kku izkIr gksowu leL;k v/;;ukl dkeh vkY;k rF;

ladyuklkBh [kkyhy i/nrhpk okij dj.;kr vkyk-

rF; ladyukP;k nksu i/nrh vkgs R;k [kkyhyizek.ks

1½ izkFkfed i/nrh %&

la’kks/kdkus izFkr iz;Rukrwu fdaok v/;;ukrwu izkIr dsysY;k

rF;kauk izkFkfed i/nrh e/;s [kkyhy ckchapk lekos’k gksrks-

v½ eqyk[kr %&


fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukP;k v/;;uklkBh

nSo funZ’ku i/nrhus fuoM.;kr vkysY;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph fuoM dj.;kr

vkyh- rlsp d`”kh O;olk;krhy lacaf/kr vf/kdkÚ;kaphgh eqyk[kr

?ks.;kr vkyh o izkIr ekfgrhph lR;rk iMrkG.;kr vkyh-

c½ iz’ukoyh %& ^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq&flapu

izdYikaps d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr y?kq‘kks/k

izdYikpk vH;kl dj.;klkBh eqyk[krh lkscrp lksis o lqVlqVhr iz’u

vlysys iz’ukoyh r;kj d:u ?ksryh o nSo funZ’ku i/nrhus

fuoM.;kr vkysY;k 150 ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu Hk:.k ?ks.;kr vkyh o

R;kP;k vk/kkjkoj vko’;d rh oLrwfu”V ekfgrh izkIr dsyh-

13

d½ losZ{k.k %& ^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq&flapu

izdYikaps d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukps

vH;kl djrkauk la’kks/ku dR;kZus frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flaphr o

vflaphr d`”khps Lor% izR;{k tkowu rsFkhy ‘ksrh o ‘ksrdÚ;kaps losZ{k.k

d:u vko’;d rh ekfgrh izkIr dsyh vkgs o d`”kh mRiknukiklwu

d`”kh mRiknu foØhi;Zarpk izR;sd izØh;sps Lor% losZ{k.k dsysys vkgs o

ekfgrh izkIr dsyh vkgs-

M½ fujh{k.k %& ^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq&flapu

izdYikaps d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** lnj y?kq‘kks/k

izdYikpk vH;kl dj.;klkBh la’kks/ku dR;kZus ‘ksrdjh leL;kaps

fujh{k.k Lor% dsys vkgs o vko’;d rh ekfgrh izkIr dsyh vkgs-

dkj.k la’kks/ku drkZ Lor% ,dk ‘ksrdjh dqVawckrhy lnL; vlY;keqGs

R;kyk d`”kh laca/khr leL;kaph o vMp.khaph laiw.kZ ekfgrh vkgs-

2½ nq¸;e i/nrh %&

la’kks/kd tsOgk brj O;Drh laLFkk] ‘kklu] mPpLrjh; vf/kdkj]

lRrk fofo/k izdkjps vgoky o nLrkost Eg.kwu rF; ladfyr djrks

rsOgk R;kl nq¸;e i/nrh vls Eg.krkr- R;ke/;s [kkyhy ckchapk

lekos’k gksrks-

v½ orZekui=s

c½ ekflds

d½ fu;rdkfyds

M½ vU; iqLrds

izLrqr la’kks/kukdjhrk nksUgh i/nrhpk voyac dj.;kr vkyk

R;ke/;s izkFkfed i/nrh varxZr izkeq[;kus eqyk[kr] vuqlwph]

fujh{k.k ;kpk mi;ksx dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- nq¸;e i/nrh varxZr

fo”k;k’kh lacaf/kr lkghR;] vgoky] ekflds bR;knhapk mi;ksx dj.;kr

vkyk-

14


fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr fo”k;kps v/;;u djrkauk

frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu izdYikph ekfgrh] lkaf[;dh; ekfgrh rlsp

d`”kh fodklklkBh ‘kkL=ksDr ekfgrh ?ks.;klkBh dkgh xzaFkkapk vH;kl

dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- d`”kh fodklklkBh gksr vlysyh la’kks/ku]

ykxoMhph i/nr] jksx fu;a=.k] [krkaph ek=k bR;knh ekfgrh fofo/k

iqLrdkrwu ?ks.;kr vkyh R;klkscrp ekflds] orZekui=] osclkbZV

e/kqu izdk’khr ekfgrh xksGk d:u R;kpk mi;ksx izR;qr izca/kuklkBh

dj.;kr vkyk-

la’kks/kukps {ks= %

frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq flapu izdYikaps ^^d`”kh

fodklkr ;ksxnku &,d vH;kl** ;k fo”k;kP;k v/;;ukph O;kIrh

frjksMk rkyqD;kiqjrh e;kZfnr vkgs-

la’kks/ku dkyko/kh %


fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukpk dkyko/kh 2

¼nksu½ o”ksZ fu/kkZjhr dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- ¼fn- ,fizy 2017 iklqu

ekpZ 2019 i;Zr½

la’kks/kukph ifjdYiuk ¼x`fgrds½ %

ifjdYiusf’kok; la’kks/ku gs vfuf’pr fopkjghu HkVd.;klkj[ks

vkgs- ifjdYiuk gh la’kks/ku dk;kZr fuf’pr fn’kk nk[kfo.;kps dk;Z

djhr vlrs- la’kks/kukl v’kh fn’kk feGkY;kf’kok; dks.krsgh rF;

voyksdu djrk ;sr ukghr- ifjdYiuk vkiY;k fopkj dYiusyk

rdZlaxr cufors- ifjdYiusps fu/kkZj.k vkiY;k la’kks/ku izfØ;se/;s

Li”Vrk o ‘kq/nrk ;srs- R;keqGs ifjdYiusyk la’kks/kukps MksGs vls

EgVY;k tkrs-

15


fodklkr ;ksxnku&,d vH;kl** izLrqr ‘kks/k izca/kukph ifjdYiuk

iq<hyizek.ks izLrqr dj.;kr vkyh vkgs-

1- flapu izdYikeqGs frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkfFkZd

lkekftd o ‘kS{kf.kd Lrj mapko.k vkgs-

2- flapu izdYikeqGs gaxkeh o LFkk;h jkstxkj fuehZrhr ok< >kyh

vkgs-

3- ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkf’kok; d`”khps HkforO; vk’kknk;h ukgh-

4- d`”kh {ks=klkBh vtwugh laj{k.kkps /kksj.k dk;e Bso.ks mfpr vkgs-

5- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy izdYikeqGs d`”kh mRiknukoj vuqdwy ifj.kke

?kMwu vkyk vkgs-

16

izdj.k frljs

lkfgR;kps iqujkoyksdu

izLrkouk

la’kks/kdkus tks fo”k; fuoMysyk vlrks- R;k fo”k;kph R;kus

fuoMysY;k lkfgR; [kjks[kjp fo”k;k’kh layXuhr vkgs dk;\ ;kph

[kk=h d:u n;koh ykxrs- R;kpizek.ks rs egRoiw.kZ vlY;kl v’kk

lkfgR;kpk la’kks/kdkus ijke’kZ dsyk vkgs dk; \ ;kph [kk=h d:u

?ks.ks vko’;d vlrs- ijke’kZ dsY;koj vFkok ifj{k.k dsY;koj rs

lkfgR; la’kks/ku leL;ka’kh [kjks[kjp lacaf/kr vkgs- dke R;kpizek.ks

ln;kfLFkrhr R;kps egRo vkgs dh ukgh ;kphi.k ‘kgkfu’kk djkoh

ykxrs- laca/khr lkfgR;kps ifj{k.k djrkauk R;k fo”k;k’kh toGhd

lk/k.kkjk vkgs dh ukgh ;kfo”k;h R;klkBh rikl.kh dj.ks vko’;d

vlrs-

rlsp laca/khr lkfgR;kps ifj{k.k djrkuk R;kr ljG ekxkZpk

voyac dj.ks lksbZps vlrs vU;Fkk R;kr lqlw=i.kkpk vHkko vlY;kl

laca/khr lkfgR;kps ifj{k.k cjkscj gksr ukgh-

O;k[;k %&

^^la’kks/ku dj.;klkBh fuoMysys lkfgR; ;ksX; vl.ks vko’;d

vkgs R;kpizek.ks rs fo”k;k’kh fuxMhr vkgsr dk \ rlsp ln;fLFkrhr

egRo dk; vkgs \ ;kph ikg.kh dj.ks Eg.kts lkfgR;kps iqujkoyksdu

gks;**

izLrqr v/;;u djrsosGh frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu lqfo/kkaph

orZeku dk;ZfLFkrh ikg.ks vko’;d gksrs dkj.k dk;ZfLFkrhpk ifj.kke

gk vkFkhZd vkf.k vkFkhZdsRrj xks”Vhoj voyacwu vlrs- Eg.kwu

dk;n;kr [kkyhyizek.ks fnysY;k ekfgrhuqlkj vko’;d R;k xks”Vhoj

la’kks/kudR;kZus izdk’k Vkdyk vkgs- dk;ZfLFkrhfo”k;h fuekZ.kh

vf/kfu;e 1948 gk [kkyhyizek.ks vkgs-

17

lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk vk<kok %&

egkjk”Vª flapu i/nrhps ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu fu;e 2006

lg;ksxh flapu O;oLFkkiu i/nrh gh frP;k dk;Z{kerk] lkekU;rk

vkf.k flapu {kerspk ‘kk’or okij bR;knh oSf’k”V;kaeqGs ns’kkr

loZekU; >kyh vkgs- xsY;k dkgh o”kkZr ns’kHkjkrhy vusd jkT;kauh

lg;ksxh flapu O;oLFkkiu i/nrhl mUur dj.;klkBh R;kaP;k

fof/keaMGkr lacaf/kr dk;ns vf/kfu;fer d:u ?ksrys- egkjk”Vª

flapui/nrhps ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu O;oLFkkiu gk dk;nk egkjk”Vª ljdkjus

lu 2005 lkyh ykxw dsyk vkf.k R;kps fu;e 2006 lkyh r;kj

dj.;kr vkys-

fu;kstu djk tyla/kkj.;kps % &

dksjMokgw ‘ksrhe/;s tfeuhoj iM.kkÚ;k ikolkpk izR;sd Fksc tsFk s

tsFks iMrks] frFksp rs eqjfoY;kl vksykok fn?kZdkG fVdw.k Bso.;kl

enr gksrs-

deh [kpkZl ca/kkjk %&

ukys&vksgksGkoj ?kMhpk ca/kkjk lq;ksX; tkxk fuoMwu cka/kkok- ;k

ca/kkÚ;klkBh xkokrp miyC/k vlysys lkfgR; ;ksX; i/nrhus vk[k.kh

d:u okijrk ;srs-

/kksj.kkaph vaeyctko.kh %&

ns’kkaP;k vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrhe/;s lq/kkj.kk gksr vlrkukp

tyL=ksrkaoj izpaM rk.k fuekZ.k gksr vkgs-

tyla/kkj.;kP;k mik;;kstuk %&

e`n~ o tyla/kkj.;kP;k i/nrhpk okij djrkuk ikÅleku]

tfeuhpk izdkj] mrkj] tferhph [kksyh vkf.k tfeuhojhy vkPNknu

;k ckch y{kkr ?;kO;kr-

18

ik.kyksV fodkl vko’;d %&

d’;i _”khauh rykokP;k cka/kdkekps vR;ar ‘kkL=’kq/n i/nrhus

foospu dsys vkgs- ryko cka/kr vlrkuk f’kYi’kkL=kr ikjaxr

vlysY;k rK O;DrhdMwu jktkus vkjk[kMk djkok-

flapu O;oLFkk %

flapu Eg.kts ‘ksrhl] tfeuhl ok ,[kk|k vkslkM LFkGkl]

Hkwizns’kkl d`f=efjR;k ik.khiqjoBk dj.;kps foKku gks;- tsFks ikolkps

izek.k vko’;drsis{kk deh vlrs ok ux.; vlrs rsFks v’kh O;oLFkk

dj.;kr ;srs] T;kOnkjs rsFks ouLirhph ok< gksÅ ‘kdsy-

jkT;kr flapukpk vuq’ks”k lokZr tkLr fonHkkZr vkgs-

flapukvHkkoh fonHkkZP;k dkG;k tehuhph vR;qPp mRikndrk vlwugh

‘ksrdjh izfr gsDVjh mRikndrk ok<fo.;kr deh iMr vkgs- flapu

ulY;keqGs o”kkZr dsoG [kjhi gaxkekrhy ihdkaojp ‘ksrdjh fonHkkZrhy

‘kk’or flapuklkBh l?ku flapu fodkl dk;ZØe voyacwu jkgr vkgs-

fonHkkZrhy flapukps izek.k ok<wu tkLrhr tkLr la[;sus ‘ksrdjh

ckxk;rnkj Ogkos] ;k mÌs’kkus ‘kklukus fonHkkZP;k ‘kk’or flapuklkBh

fonHkZ l?ku flapu fodkl dk;ZØe vk.kyk vkgs- ;k dk;ZØekr

fonHkkZrhy cqyMk.kk] vdksyk] o/kkZ] okf’ke] ;orekG] ukxiwj]

xMfpjksyh] HkaMkjk] xksasfn;k o panziwj ;k 11 ftYg;kapk lekos’k vkgs-

dsanz ‘kklukus ?kkywu fnysY;k ekxZn’kZd rRokuqlkj fonHkZ l?ku flapu

fodkl dk;ZØe l/;k lq: vlqu jk”Vªh; d`”kh fodkl ;kstuk o

tyla/kkj.k ;kstukaP;k vaeyctko.khpkp Hkkx Eg.kwu ;k dk;ZØekpk

dkyko/kh ‘kklukus ikp o”kkZpk Bsoyk vkgs- gk dk;ZØe jkcfo.;klkBh

tyla/kkj.k foHkkxkP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyh eq[; vfHk;ark y?kw ikVca/kkjs

foHkkx] ;sjoMk] iq.ks ;kapsdMs 250 gsDVj {kerk vlysY;k y?kq

ikVca/kkjs ;kstuk dk;kZfUor dj.ks o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu dj.ks vknh

tckcnkjh lksifoyh vkgs-

19

y?kq ikVca/kkjs ;kstuk %

y?kq ikVca/kkjs ;kstukaps eqY;o/kZu dj.ks] uohu 250 gsDVj flapu

{kersph dkes gkrh ?ks.ks] HkqxZHkkrhy ik.kh ikrGhr ojP;k Lrjki;Zr

vk.kwu flapu {kerk ok<fo.ks] ekyxqtkjh fdaok f’kodkyhu ryko]

dksYgkiwjh i/nrhpk ca/kkj~;kph tylap; {kerk ok<fo.ks] 250 gsDVj

ikrGh ,o<h flapu {kerk vlysY;k y?kqflapu ;kstukaph LFkkfudkaP;k

ekx.khuqlkj nq:Lrh dj.ks] ‘ksrrG;kaps LFkkfud xjtsuqlkj o

ekx.khuqlkj ‘kk’or lajf{kr flapu O;oLFkk fuekZ.k dj.ks vknh

mÌs’kkaph iwrhZ ;k dk;ZØekP;k ek/;ekrwu dj.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs-

R;kpizek.ks dkes iw.kZ >kysY;k y?kq ikVca/kkjs o dksYgkiwjh ca/kkÚ;kps

ns’kHkkyhlkBh vkf.k flapuklkBh gLrkarj.k dsysY;k ik.kh okVi laLFkkauk

‘kklukP;k /kksj.kkuqlkj vuqnku ns.ks] rlsp uohu iw.kZ gksr vlysY;k

y?kq ikVca/kkjs ;kstukaps flapu {ks= O;oLFkkiu gLrkarj.kklkBh uohu

ik.kh okVi laLFkk lq: dj.ks vknh mÌs’kgh ;k dk;ZØekr Bso.;kr

vkys vkgsr-

lnj dk;ZØe 2019 i;Zar pky.kkj vlwu R;klkBh vkfFkZd

ekinaMgh Bso.;kr vkys vkgsr- 250 gsDVj flapu {kersph

izxrhiFkkoj dke vlysyh y?kq ikVca/kkjs ;kstuk dk;kZfUor

dj.;klkBh izfr gsDVjh vMhp yk[k :i;kaph rjrwn dj.;kr vkyh

vkgs- izxrhiFkkoj 450 ;kstukaps mfÌ”V Bso.;kr vkys vlwu 13

gtkj 105 gsDVj flapu dj.;kps izLrkfod vkgs- rlsp 250 gsDVj

flapu {kerk vlysY;k uohu 525 ;kstukaps mfÌ”V vlwu R;keqGs

26 gtkj 470 gsDVj flapukaph iwrhZ dj.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs-

‘kWyksV;wc osy 1000 dj.;kr ;s.kkj vlwu ;k osyo:u ikp

gtkj gsDVj flapukps mfÌ”V Bso.;kr vkys vkgs- ‘kWyks V;wcosyyk 25

ehVj [kksyhlkBh 8 yk[k 943 :] 40 ehVj [kksyhlkBh 8 yk[k 26

gtkj 743 :- vkf.k 60 ehVj [kksyhlkBh 12 yk[k 23 gtkj 49

:i;kapk fu/kh izLrfor dsyk vkgs-

R;kpizek.ks ;k dk;ZØekvarxZr flapu {kerk iquZLFkkfir

dj.;klkBh 700 ;kstukaP;k mfÌ”VkekQZr 26 gtkj 22 gsDVj {ks=

20

flaphr dsY;k tk.kkj vkgs- R;klkBh 70 gtkj :i;s izfr gsDVjizek.ks

fu/kh izLrkfor dsyk vkgs- rlsp vfLrRokr vlysyh o uohu ‘ksrrGh

milk flapu ;kstusOnkjs Hkj.;klkBh 2645 ‘ksrrG~;kaps /;s; Bsoys

vlwu R;klkBh 52 dksVh 1 yk[k 50 gtkjkpk fu/kh jk[kwu Bsoyk

vkgs-

21

izdj.k pkSFks

^^ ty fodklkpk izkphy bfrgkl**

izLrkouk %&

Hkkjrkrhy ‘ksrh eksleh ikolkP;k ygjhi.kkoj voyacwu vkgs-

R;koj ekr dj.;klkBh ‘ksrhyk ik.kh iqjoB;kph lks; dj.kkÚ;k fofo/k

;kstuk vxnh izkphu dkGkiklwu dk;kZfUor gksR;k- rkih [kksÚ;kr

lkoGnk] izdk’ks o HkhesP;k [kksÚ;kr bukexko gh dsanzs fla/kqlaLd`rh

dkyhu vkgsr- buke xkoP;k mR[kuuke/;s rRdkyhu d`”kh i/nrhoj

izdk’k Vkd.kkjs dkgh iqjkos gkrh vkys vkgsr- R;kr unhP;k ik=kr

,d ca/kkjk ?kkywu ‘ksrhyk ik.kh iqjo.;kph O;oLFkk dsyh gksrh vls

fnlrs- osnojP;k fu?kaVw ;k Vhdse/;s 14 izdkjP;k fofgjhapk ri’khy

fnyk vkgs- ;tqosZnke/;s dkyok o /kj.ks ;kapk mYys[k ;srks- Le`rh

okMe;ke/;s ljksoj o ryko ;kpk mYys[k vkysyk vkgs- fofgjh

[kksn.ks] ljksoj fuekZ.k dj.ks] dkyok dk<.ks ;k lkj[ks yksdksi;qDr

vls b”ViwrZ dk;Z ekuokus fuR; djkos vls loZ Le`rhdkjkauh

vkokgu dsys vkgs-

c`gLirh ;k Le`rhdkjkus /kj.kkph nq:Lrh dj.ks o uohu /kj.ks

cka/k.ks ;kyk vuU; lk/kkj.k egRo nsowu jkT;krhy Js”Bhauh v’;k

izdkjph iq.;desZ Lor% djkohr vls izfriknu dsysys vkgs- Le`rh

izek.ksp lw= okMe;ke/;sgh dkyO;kP;k ik.;koj vlysY;k ‘ksrhph

iz’kalk dsysyh vkgs- dkSf’kd lw=ke/;s dkyok fufeZrhP;k izlaxh

djko;kP;k ,dk euksjatd lekjksgkps o.kZu dsys vkgs- /kEeikn ;k

xzaFkph fuehZrh ekS;Z dky[kaMk iwohZph vlwu R;ke/;s fHkUu izdkjP;k

flapu i/nrhpk fopkj dsyk vkgs- panzxqIrkP;k izkarh; izfrfu/khuh

lqn’kZu ukokpk ,d lqanj ryko fxjukj ;sFks cka/kyk o panzxqIrkpk

flapu foHkkx dkyos o /kj.k ;kaps cka/kdke vkf.k ns[kHkky o flapu

O;oLFkkiu djhr vls vls mYys[k ledkyhu iqjkfHkys[kkr lkiMrkr-

jkT;krhy d`f”k{ks= dsoG itZU;koj voyacwu u jkgrk R;kyk

flapukpk vk/kkj vlkok vls dkSfVY;kpsgh er gksrs- ,[kk|k lqjkT;kps

mnkgj.k nsrkauk dkSfVY;kus vls EgVys vkgs dh] ts jkT; vkiY;k

22

d`”kh mRiknuklkBh ikolkoj voyacwu u jkgrk vf/kdkf/kd flapukoj

voyacwu vlrs rs jkT; vf/kd le`/n vlrs- rykokrwu fdaok unharwu

iou’kDdh fdaok cSykpk okij d:u] fdaok ty;a=kP;k lgk¸;kus

lq/nk ik.kh mpyys tkr vls- uohu olkgrh fuekZ.k djrkauk tylsrw

lkewfgdi.ks cka/kkos o R;kr lokZapk lgHkkx vlkok- vlgdkj

dj.kkÚ;kl] tykiO;; dj.kkÚ;kl fdaok dkyO;kP;k cka/kdkekps

uqdlku dj.kkÚ;kl naM dsyk tkok] v’kk lwpuk dkSfVY;kP;k

vFkZ’kkL=kr dsysY;k vk<Grkr-

ik.kh lkBo.;klkBh /kj.ks ¼iky½ cka/k.;kpk vkxzg] flapukP;k

uqruhdj.kkojrh lkrR;kus Hkj] /kj.kkpk cka/k dks.kR;k dkj.kkeqGs

dedqor gksow ‘kdrks o R;kyk le``/n dls djko;kps] ;kpk ri’khy]

dkyO;kP;k uSlfxZd vkiRrheqGs fuekZ.k >kysY;k vMp.kh d’kk nwj

djko;kP;k ;kph ppkZ] tyk’k;kps cka/k ‘krkuq’krds dls fVdok;ps]

LFkkfud miHkksx ?ks.kkÚ;k ?kVdkauk ;ke/;s dls lekfo”V d:u

?;ko;kps] ns[kHkky dj.;klkBh lfeR;k d’kk LFkkiu djko;kP;k]

jkT;krhy Jhear o /kekZnk; dk;Z dj.kkÚ;k laLFkk o jktk ;kaP;krhy

;k ckchrhy ijLij lgdk;kZph vko’;drk] ;kps ri’khyokj foospu

izkphu okMe;kr osxosxG;k lanHkkZr tkxkstkxh vk<Grs-

ekyxqtkjh ryko %&

fonHkkZr rykokaph ‘kà[kyk xksaM jkT;kP;k dkyko/khr fuekZ.k

>kyh- oSuxaxsP;k [kksÚ;kr panziwj] xMfpjksyh] HkaMkjk] xksafn;k ;sFkhy

dksgGh o iksokj ;k tkrhP;k o ukxiwj ;k ftYgkr lqekjs 300&350

o”kkZiwohZ toG toG 10 gtkj ryko dksgGh ;k tkrhP;k yksdkauh

laiw.kZr% [kktxh miØekrwu Eg.ktsp Lor%pk iSlk o Je oki:u

cka/kys vlY;kps letrs- ;k rykokaP;k [kkyh ckxM;k¼foghjh½ i.k

cka/kY;k xsY;k gksR;k- rykokP;k ‘kà[kysph fufeZrh djrkauk xkokP;k

pkjgh cktwauh ryko fuekZ.k dsysys vkgsr- rykokrhy iwjkps ik.kh

lkaMO;ko:u okg.;kph th ikrGh vlrs rh xkokP;k [kkyh jkghy

;kph i.k R;kauh dkGth ?ksrY;kps fnlrs- ;keqGs iqjkO;k ik.;kpk /kksdk

xkokyk iksgpr ukgh- ,dk rykokrhy ik.kh nqlÚ;k o R;kps frlÚ;k

23

rykokr v’kh ‘kà[kyk fuekZ.k d:u ik.;kpk uk’k u gksrk R;k

ik.;kpk iqUgk iqUgk okij dj.;kps ra= okij.;kr vkysys vkgs-

Hkwi`”Bkoj ik.;kps lkBs fuekz.k d:u Hkkr ;k fidklkBh ikÅl osGsoj

u vkY;kl iwjd O;oLFkk Eg.kwu ik.kh ns.;klkBh o Ålkps fid

dk<wu xqGkps mRiknu dj.;klkBh gs ryko cka/kys xsys gksrs vls

fnlrs- Hkkr o ÅlkP;k ‘ksrhcjkscjp eRL;ikyukph lks;gh R;k

rykokaP;k vkJ;kus dsyh xsyh gksrh-

HkaMkjk o xksafn;k gs ftYgs rykokaps ftYgs vkf.k ^vUu/kkU;kps

HkkaMkj* Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkr gksrs- xksaM jkT;kP;k dkjfdnhZr jktkJ;

feGkY;keqGs rykokapk fodkl >ikV;kus >kyk- ;k jkT;kus dksgGh o

iksokj terhP;k yksdkauk mRrj Hkkjrkrwu ¼cukjl½ o Hkksiky ;sFkhy

/kkV ;sFkwu vk.kys gksrs- vls letrs dh] panziwjpk jktk gjs’kgk ;kauh

rj tkfgj dsys gksrs dh] ^^tks dks.kh taxy lkQ d:u ‘ksrh djsy

R;kyk rh cgky dsyh tkbZy o tks dks.kh ryko cka/ksy R;kyk R;k

rykok[kkyh ftrdh tehu vksyhr djrk ;sbZy frrdh tehu

[kqndkLrdkj Eg.kwu c{khl fnyh tkbZy-**

Ik.khokViklkBh ykHk/kkjdkaph ,d lferh vlsgh lferh

rykokrhy ik.;kph miyC/krk ikgwu izR;sdkyk fdrh ik.kh ?;ko;kps gs

Bjfor vls- rykokP;k ns[kHkky o nq:Lrhph dkes ;klferhekQZr

ykHk/kkjdkaP;k lgdk;kZrwu gksr vlr- lferhpk fu.kZ; vaeykr

vk.k.;klkBh ikudjhph ¼ikVdjh½ use.ksd dj.;kr ;sr vls- gk

ikudjh Hkwfeghu yksdkaiSdh vls- rykokrhy xkG T;kyk xjt vlsy

R;kyk vkiY;k ‘ksrkr usÅu Vkd.;kph ijokuxh gksrh- ryko vkf.k

;klaca/khP;k O;oLFksoj ;k lferhps y{k vls o fg lferh jkT;kyk

njo”khZ ik.;kP;k miyC/krsuqlkj lkjk nsr vls-

ns’kkr tsOgk baxztkaps jkT; vkys ¼19 os ‘krd½ rsOgk ;k

rykokaph ekyxqtkjh olqyh dj.;kph ekydh R;k Hkkxkrhy dkgh

izfrf”Br ukxfjdkadMs ns.;kr vkyh o R;kyk ekyxqtkj vls lacks/kys

xsys- gs ekyxqtkj ykHk/kkjdkadMwu olwy dsysY;k jdesrwu Bjkohd

jDde ljdkjdMs tek djr vlr- ik.;kps okVi] ns[kjs[k] nq:Lrh]

24

xkG dk<.ks gh dkes ek= ykHk/kkjdp djr vlr- lkjk olwyh

dj.;kP;k lks;hlkBh Eg.kwu baxztkaP;k dkGkr ;k rykokph ekydh

ekyxqtkjkadMs xsyh Eg.kwu R;kauk ekyxqtkjh ryko vls lacks/k.;kl

;sÅ ykxys-

lu 1950 uarj ek= rRdkyhu e/;izns’k ljdkjP;k

dk;|kUo;s ekyxqtkjh laiq”Vkr vkyh vkf.k gs ryko ‘kklukus rkC;kr

?ksrys- ‘kklukps fu;a=.k ;k O;oLFksoj vkY;keqGs yksdkauk lgHkkx

deh >kyk- nq:Lrh o ns[kHkky O;oLFksP;k vHkkoh dkgh ryko vkrk

ukghls >kY;kpsgh fnlrs- l|%fLFkrhr toG toG 7 gtkj ryko

vfLrRokr vlwu R;kiklwu flapuk[kkyh vlysys {ks= toG toG lOok

y{k gsDVj vkgs vls fnlwu ;srs- yksdkapk lgHkkx deh gks.ks o

i;kZ;kus ‘kklukoj voyacwu jkg.ks ;keqGs yksdlgHkkxkrwu pkyw

vlysyh ,d mRre O;oLFkk vkrk eksMdGhl vkY;kps fnlrs- l/;k

;k lxG;k rykokapk mi;ksx dsoG [kjhikrhy Hkkr ;k fidkyk

lajf{kr ik.kh ns.;klkBh dsyk tkrks- jCche/;s nqljs ihd rlsp

Ålklkj[ks ckjekgh ihds ukgh’kh >kysyh vkgsr-

[ktkuk foghj %&

flapukph vk.k[kh ,d tquh mRre O;oLFkk ejkBokM;ke/;s chM

;k ‘kgjktoG vkt lq/nk [ktkuk foghje/kwu dk;kZfUor vlysyh

fnlrs- gh O;oLFkk 1572 lkyh 212 gsDVj ‘ksrh vksyhrk[kkyh

vk.k.;klkBh fuekZ.k dj.;kr vkyh gksrh- chM ‘kgjkP;k n{kh.ksdMs

lk/kkj.kr% 6&7 fdeh- varjkoj fcanqljk unhP;k mtO;k dkBkoj vkf.k

ckyk?kkV ;k MksaxjkP;k ik;F;kph gh foghj [kksnysyh vkgs- ;k

foghjhpj O;kl lk/kkj.kr% 20 ehVj vlwu pkSdksuh fpÚ;kP;k nxMkauh

cka/kysyh vkgs- fcanqljk ik=kdMwu HkwxHkkZr nksu v/;kZ fdeh ykachps

cksxns [kksnwu Hkwty fofgjhr ?ksÅu foekspdkaOnkjs ekrhP;k uGkae/kwu

fcanqljk unhps ik= tehuhP;k iksVkrwu vksykaMwu unhP;k MkO;k

fdukÚ;kojhy chM ‘kgjki;Zrps {ks= dkyO;kOnkj s flapuk[kkyh vk.kys

vkgs- vfydMP;k dkGkr chM ‘kgjkP;k ok<heqGs ;k [ktkuk

25

foghjh[kkyhy flapu{ks= vkdqapu ikor vlY;kps fnlrs- dkyO;krhy

vdjk Onkjs o forfjdkaP;k enrhus flapu dsys tkr gksrs vls letrs-

dkyO;kaph@forfjdkaph ns[kHkky- nq:Lrh ykHk/kkjd Lor%p djr vlr-

ik.khiV~Vh dk;r/kkjk i/nrhizek.ks eglwy [kkR;kdMwu olwy dj.;kr

;sr vls- ;k vdjk Onkjkrwu ik.kh Bjkohd dkGklkBh o [kkyP;k

HkkxkdMwu ojP;k HkkxkdMs lksMys tkr vls- ;k forfjdkauk okjkaph

lkseokj] eaxGokj ukos fnyh gksrh o izR;sd fodfjdk vkBoM;krwu

Bjkofd fno’kh pkyw vls fg dGrs- iw<s gh O;oLFkkgh ‘kklukus

Lor%P;k v[kR;kjhr ?ksryh o ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k lgHkkxkrwu jkcfoyh tkr

vlysyh ,d pkaxyh O;oLFkk eksMdGhl vkyh-

njMksbZ ftYgk mRiUu %&

a jkT; mRiUukr izkFkfed {ks=kiklwu feG.kkÚ;k mRiUukP;k

izek.kkis{kk njMksbZ ftYgk mRiUukr izkFkfed {ks=kkiklwu feG.kkÚ;k

mRiUukps tkLr izek.k vlysY;k moZjhr 25 ftYgkiSdh jRukfxjh]

fla/kqnqxZ] HkaMkjk] xksafn;k] panziwj o xMfpjksyh gh lgk ftYgs oxGrk

brj 19 ftYgkr izkFkfed {ks=kiklwu feG.kkÚ;k ;k ftYgk mRiUukr

d`f”k o layXu ;k mi{ks=kiklwu feG.kkÚ;k ftYgk mRiUukps izek.k

toG toG 90 VD;kis{kk tkLr vkgs- rj jRukfxjh] fla/kqnqxZ] HkaMkjk]

xksafn;k] panziwj o xMfpjksyh ;k ikp ftYgkr izkFkfed {ks=kkiklwu

feG.kkÚ;k ftYgk mRiUukr] d`f”k mi{ks=kiklwu feG.kkÚ;k ftYgk

mRiUukps izek.k vuqØes- 91 VDds] 95 VDds] 83 VDds] 85 VDds]

61 VDds o 67 VDds gksrs-

moZfjr feG.kkjs ftYgk mRiUu jRukfxjh o fla/kqnqxZ ftYg;kr

eRL;ksRiknukiklwu rj HkaMkjk o xksafn;k ftYg;kr eRL;ksRiknukiklwu

10 VDds o ou o [kk.kh bR;knhiklwu 7 VDds feGrs- panzwij ftYgkr

36 VDds ftYgk mRiUu ou o [kk.kh bR;knh iklwu] 3 VDds ftYgk

mRiUu eRL;ksRiknukpk iklwu feGrs- xMfpjksyh ftYgkr 29 VDds

ftYgk mRiUu ou [kk.kh bR;knhiklwu rj 4 VDds ftYgk mRiUu

eL;ksRinkiklwu feGrs-

26

fonHkkZrhy ekyxqtkjh ryko] ejkBokM;krhy ukansM ;k Hkkxkrhy

tqus ekyxqtkjh ryko o [ktkuk foghj o ckjo fojhjhps tkGs] nf{k.k

dksd.kkrhy >Ú;kojhy flapu o mRrj dksd.kkrhy rGh o iapxaxk

[kksÚ;krhy ca/kkÚ;ko:u milk flapu v’kh fg flapukph yksdlgHkkxkph

iznh|Zijaijk & fczfV’kdkGkrhy ‘kklufu;af=r dk;Zi/nrhis{kk vxnh

osxGh v’kh egkjk”VªkP;k fofo/k Hkkxkae/;s osxosxG;k izdkjkauh izkphu

dkGkiklwu :tysyh vkgs- fulxkZP;k nksyk;ekursoj mik;

‘kks/k.;klkBh o ygjhi.kkoj ekr dj.;klkBh i`”BHkkxkoj rykokaph

ekfydk fuekZ.k d:u ik.;kph lkBo.kwd dj.ks vkf.k R;k lkBfoysY;k

ik.;kpk mi;ksx moZjhr dkGke/;s flapuk[kkBh o fi.;kP;k ik.;klkBh

vusd mnkgj.ks egkjk”Vªkrhy vusd fBdk.kh izkphu dkGkiklwu

vki.kkl igko;kl feGrkr- rykokr ik.kh lkBowu ;k foghjhOnkjs

Hkwty milwu R;koj nqckj o ckjekgh fids ?ksÅu le`/nhdMs tk.;kph

izfØ;k gtkjks o”kkZiklwu ;k Hkqehr :tysyh vkgs- flaphr ‘ksrh

egkjk”Vªkyk ufou ukgh- ;kps cht gtkjks o”kkZiwohZ dkSfVY;kP;k dkGkP;k

ikBhekxsgh lkiMrs- foKku o ra=KkukP;k fodklkcjkscj vfydMP;k

dkGkrhy vkrk ;kpsp vk/kqfud fodlhr >kysys :I Eg.kts eksBs

tyk’k; R;kiklwu dkyos vkf.k forjhdkaps tkGs] iaikus mapkoj ik.kh

mpy.ks] bR;knh i/nrh gksr-

ekth ekyxqtkjh rykokaph Qsjjpuk %&

a iwohZ fonHkkZrhy HkaMkjk] xksafn;k] panziwj] xMfpjksyh o ukxiwj

ftYgkrhy jkeVsd rglhy e/;s ‘ksrdÚ;kauh Lor%pk iSlk o Je

oki:u gs ryko xksaM jkT;kP;k dkjfdnhZr cka/kys- ;k ftYgke/;s

ljkljh 1200 rs 1600 feeh itZU;eku vkgs- ;kHkkxkr [kjhike/;s

fof’k”V HkkSxksfyd ifjfLFkrheqGs Hkkr ihd ?ksrkr- ;k fidkl lIVsacjP;k

‘ksoVh fdaok vkWDVksacj e/;s ikÅl >kyk ukgh rj Hkkr ihd mRiknukr

Qkj eksBh ?kV gksrs fdaok dkgh osGsl nk.ks ¼ihd½ Hkjr ukghr-

/kkU;kP;k ihd mRiknukr lkrR; o ‘kk’orh jkgkoh Eg.kwu R;k

dkGkrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauh vkf.k dksgGh o iksokj lektkrhy yksdkauh

27

laiw.kZr% [kktxh miØekus v’kk rykokaph ‘k``[kyk fuekZ.k dsyh-

R;kdkGh ryko ok cksM;k cka/k.;kP;k ckcrhr dksgGh o iksokj

lektkrhy yksd mRd`”V vfHk;ars Eg.kwu izfl/n >kys- ryko ,o<;k

eksB;k izek.kkr [kktxhjhR;k fuekZ.k dj.;kps dnkfpr gs txkrhy

,deso mnkgj.k vlkos- iwjd flapuklkBh ;k rykokapk mi;ksx gksrks-

fufeZrhuarj ;k rykokaps O;oLFkkiu ‘ksrdjh vkikilkarhy

lg;ksxkus igkr vlr vls fnlrs- R;kckcrpk dk;Zi/nrhpk fuf’pr

ri’khy dkGkP;k vks?kkr vkrk miyC/k jkfgysyk ukgh- i.k R;k

O;oLFksrhy uarjps eksBs fLFkR;arj Eg.kts baxztkaP;k jktoVhr vaeykr

vk.k.;kr vkysyh ekyxqtkjh i/nrh R;keqGs ;k rykokaph olwyh

e/;LFk ;k ukR;kus ekyxqtkjkadMs vkyh-

ekyxqtkjh rykokaph flapu {kerk o O;oLFkk%&

a iwoZ fonHkkZrhy oSuxaxsP;k fuEe o e/; [kksÚ;kar tqU;k

ri’khykizek.ks ¼fooj.ki= 7-6-1½ ekyxqtkjhdMs vlysY;k rykokaph

la[;k 7340 o flapu {kerk 113035 gsDVj gksrh-

ihdjpuk %&

a egkjk”Vªkr HkaMkjk o xksafn;k ftYg;krhy flafpr {ks=kkph VDdsokjh

lokZr tkLr vlyh rjh nj gsDVjh mRiknu Qkj deh vkgs- rlsp

HkaMkjk o xksafn;k ftYgkrhy d`f”k izkFkfed o vkfFkZd mRiUukph nq¸;e

vkf.k r`fr; Lrj feGwu ns[khy ljkljh njMksbZ mRiUu ,d xMfpjksyh

ftYgk oxGrk lokZr deh vkgs- Eg.kts flapukps vkSipkfjd {ks=

vlwu ns[khy nkfjnz dk;e vkgs- ;kps ,d izeq[k dkj.k rsFkhy ihd

jpuk o flapu ladYiusrhy o forj.k O;oLFkkiukrhy foLdGhr ;kr

vkgs- ;k xksaMdkyhu rykokrhy toG&toG loZ ik.kh vyhdMs dsoG

/kku ‘ksrhP;k flapuklkBh vfr vYi dkGkr Eg.kts laIV sacjP;k

e/;kuarj vkWDVksacj ‘ksoVk i;Zr okijys tkrs- nj gsDVjh mRikndrk 1-

8 Vu ,o<hp vkgs- tqU;k dkxni=ko:u vls Li”V fnlrs dh iwohZ

;k Hkkxkr Ålkph ykxoM gksrh- R;kiklwu xqG r;kj gkasbZ- xqGkpk

iSlk gkrkr ;sbZ- R;keqGsp lu 1911 lkyh flansokbZyk Ål la’kks/ku

28

dsanzgh lq: dsys xsys gksrs- flapukeqGs Ål mRiknukr Hkjho ok< gksÅu

vkfFkZd fLFkrh vk.k[kh lq/kkjyh tkbZy v’kh vis{kk gksrh- ;k

rykokrhy ik.kh ckjekgh uxnh fidklkBh jk[kys tkbZ vls Li”V

fnlrs- rsOgk ;k {ks=kP;k vkfFkZd mUurh lkBh l/;kph ,d fidh jpuk

o foLdGhr ik.kh forj.k O;oLFkk ;kapk Qsj fopkj gksowu uoh ihd

jpuk o uoh forj.k O;oLFkk vfLrRokr ;s.ks funku 100 gsDVjojhy

rykokalkBh rjh rkRdkG vko’;d vkgs- ihdjpusr d`f”k fo|kihBkP;k

lY;kus dkgh izek.kkr xgw] lw;ZQwy o [kjhikr lks;kchu ;kauh

ykxoM mi;qDr Bj.;klkBh vkgs- gjHkjk] eksgjh o HkqbZewx i.k ?ksrk

;sbZy vls fnlrs- ckjekgh fidkapkgh vo’; fopkj Ogkok- cgqfo/k

fidkauk izksRlkgu nsÅup ;k flapu {ks=kph vkfFkZd o lkekthd

mUurh gksbZy vls fnlrs-

izfØ;k m|ksx %&

a ‘ksrekykP;k izØh;k m|ksxkl flafpr ‘ksrhe/;s oko vkgs- ;k

Hkkxkr Ål mRiknu d:u R;kiklwu lk[kj o xqG gs inkFkZ r;kj

dj.;kps fu;kstu Ogkos- lk[kjspk mrkjk deh ;srks- rks dlk ok<fork

;sbZy ;klkBh Ålkps b”V ok.k fuekZ.k dj.;klkBh la’kks/kukph xjt

vkgs- tSfod ra=Kkukpk okij d:u dkgh mfÌ”aVs lk/; djrk ;srhy-

R;klkBh d`f”k fo|kihBkus dk;ZØe gkrh ?;kok- rlsp jcj jksyj

ra=Kkukf/kf”Br fxj.;k vlkO;kr- rlsp Hkkr fxj.;ke/kwu feG.kkÚ;k

czWu iklwu rsy dk<rk ;srs- R;klkBh iz;Ru >kys ikghtsr- rlsp

;kiklwu dqDdqV ikyuklkBh [kk| dj.ks ‘kD; vkgs- ;kpk ikBiqjkok

dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- lks;kchu uO;kus foLrkfjr gksr vkgs] R;koj

izfØ;k dsanzs lq: Ogkohr- rsy] lks;kehy] lks;knw/k vls fofo/k inkFkZ

r;kj dj.ks ‘kD; vkgs- lgdkjh rRokoj lk[kj dkj[kkus pkyrkr]

ex lks;kchu vk/kkfjr m|ksx lgdkjkr vk.kkosr- /kksj.kkRed cny

t:j vlY;kl rs fu;kstukOnkjs djkosr-

29

vk/kqfud flapu i/nrheqGs gks.;kph ik.;kph cpr%&

a fBacd rq”kkj v’kk vk/kqfud lq{e flapu i/nrhoj (Micro

Irigation) vusd fBdk.kh] vusd fidkaoj l’kks/ku >kys vkgs- ;k

i/nrhr ik.khdeh ykxrs- fBacd flapukeqGs lk/kkj.ki.ks 50 VDds

ik.;kph cpr vkf.k rq”kkj i/nrhr 30 rs 35 VDds ik.;kph cpr

gksrs- R;keqGs flapuk[kkyhy {ks=k ok<fo.ks ‘kD; gksrs- QG>kMs] Ål]

dkiwl] HkkT;k bR;knh fidkaph ykxoM d:u fBacd i/nrhus ik.kh

fnY;kl flafpr {ks=kr gks.kkjh ok< nk[kfoyh vkgs- i.k lpZp fidkauk

fBacd flapu okijrk ;sr ukgh-

tyk’k;kiklwu brj mRiUu%&

a egkjk”Vªkrhy flapu {ks= HkDde ik;koj mHks dj.;klkBh

ikVca/kkjs tyk’k;kiklwu fo|qr fuehZrh] eRL;ksRiknu o i;ZVuLFkG

fodkl ;k lkj[;k vuq”kafxr ckchiklwu feG.kkÚ;k mRiUukrgh lrr

ok< dj.;kpk fopkj gks.ks vko’;d vkgs- cgqmÌs’kh; tyk’k;

O;oLFkkiuseqGs [kkyhy izek.ks ,dkposGh vusd xks”Vh lk/; djrk

;srkr-

1- tyflapu] 2- oht mRiknu] 3- iqjfu;a=.k] 4- ty okgrwd]

5- ?kjxqrh okijklkBh ik.kh iqjoBk] 6- vkS|ksfxd okijklkBh ik.kh

iqjoBk] 7- eRL;ksRiknu] 8- tyfØMk lqfo/kslg i;ZVu dsanzkpk fodkl-

l/;k tyokgrwd Qkjp ux.; vkgs- ikVca/kkjs tyk’k;kiklwu

l/;k eq[;Ros tyflapu] ?kjxqrh okij o vkS|ksfxd okijklkBh iqjoBk

dsysY;k ik.;koj vkdkjysyh ik.khiV`Vh o fotfufeZrh ;k iklwu

mRiUu feGrs- tyk’k;kiklwu vU; ekxkZus feG.kkÚ;k mRiUukr

eRL;ksRiknu o i;ZVu dsanz fodkl ;kiklwu feG.kkÚ;k mRiUukpk

fo’ks”k ikBiqjkok >kysyk ukgh- R;k lxG;k foospukpk ,df=r fopkj

djrk dsoG ^^flapukP;k ik.khiV~Vhoj** vkfFkZd LFkS;klkBh flapu

O;oLFkk voyacwu u Bsork ik.;kP;k O;kid okijkpk ,df=r fopkj

gksÅu R;kpk vf/kdre ykHk ?ks.;kP;k n`f”Vus Øe’k% mRiUukps ekxZ

ok<okos ykxrhy-

30

izdj.k ikpos

^^ frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ik’oHkweh o tyflapu**

Xkksafn;k ftYg;kph ik’oZHkqeh %&

1 es 1999 jksth HkaMkjk ftYg;kps foHktu d:u uofufeZr

xksafn;k ftYgk vfLrRokr vkyk- izkphu dkGkiklwu xksafn;k {ks=

xksaMjktkP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyh gksrs- R;kosGh ?kunkV taxys gksrh-

xksaMlekt ;sfkhy eqG fuoklh gksrs- xksan o yk[k xksGk d:u

xkoke/;s fod.ks fk R;kapk eq[; O;olk; gksrk- ;k O;olk;ko:up

^^xksafn;k** gs uko iMys vlk baxzt jktoVhe/khy vkj-Ogh- jlys Onkjk

fyf[kr iqLrdke/;s mYys[k vk<Gyk- xksafn;k ftYg;kP;k iqosZl

jktukanxko ftYgk ¼e-iz-½] if’pesl HkaMkjk] mRrjsl ckyk?kkV ftYgk

¼e-iz-½ o nf{k.ksl xMfpjksyh ftYgk vkgs- xksafn;k ftYg;kps {ks=QG

5641 pkS-fd-eh- vlwu rs jkT;kP;k ,dq.k {ks=QGkP;k 1-83 VDds

,o<s vkgs-

Xkksafn;k ftYg;krhy flapu O;oLFkk %&

Ik.kh gs ‘ksrhps thou gks; Hkkjrkr ekSleh okÚ;kiklqu

o”kkZlkBh lqekjs 40 bap ikÅl iMrks- rFkkfi xsY;k dkgh o”kkZr fdaok

ekUlqu okÚ;kiklqu iM.kkjk ikÅl gk vfu;ehr o ygjh >kyk vkgs-

lqekjs 30 VDds tfeuhyk d`f=e ik.kh iqjoBk gksrks vkf.k moZfjr 70

VDds tfeu uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacqu vlrs- ik.kh iqjoB;kP;k

iqjs’kk lks;h ulY;keqGs ,dkp ‘ksrh e/kqu nksu fdaok vf/kd ihd ?ksrk

;sr ukghr R;keqGs ‘ksrhph mRikndrk deh vlrs- flapu O;oLFkk

;ksX; izdkjph vlY;kl ,dkp tfeuhrqu nksu fdaok R;kis{kk vf/kd

fids dk<rk ;srkr- Eg.ktsp tfeuhph mRikndrk ok<fork ;srs- flapu

O;oLFkspk ;ksX; izdkjs fodkl gks.;kdjhrk dkyos [kksn.ks] miyC/k ty

lk/kukapk egRre okij uO;k ;kstukaph vaeyctko.kh] foiqyik.kh

iqjoBk vlysY;k izns’kkrqu deh ik.kh vlysY;k izns’kkr ik.;kpk

izokg oGfo.ks bR;knh /kksj.kkpk ikB iqjkok dj.;kph xjt vkgs-

xksafn;k ftYg;krhy lu 1998&99 lkyh vksyhrk[kkyhy fuOoG {ks=

31

96 gtkj 613 gsDVj vlqu R;kiSdh i`”BkHkkxh; [ks= 88 gtkj

932 gsDVj gksrh- vksyh[kkyhy Fkqy {ks=kkaph VDdsokjh 46-08 gksrh-

32

frjksMk rkyqD;kphph ik’oZHkqeh %&

egkuqHkko iaFkkps izorZd Jh- pdz/kj Lokeh P;k pj.kkafdr

rhFkZ lqdGh ¼Mkdjke½ vkf.k oSuxaxk ufnps iq.; ykHkys vkgs- frjksMk

rgfly izkphu vlY;kps vk,Gwu ;srs- 1881 I;Zar frjksMk gs

rkyqD;kps fBdk.k gksrs- R;kuarj frjksMk rkyqdk can d:u ^xksafn;k*

rkyqdk eq[;ky; LFkkiu dj.;kr vkys- frjksMk leqnz likVhiklwu

299-620 eh- maphoj clysyk vkgs- frjksMk rkyqD;kP;k iwosZyk

xksafn;k rgfly] if’pesl rqelj rkyqdk ¼HkaMkjk ftYgk½] mRrjsl

ckyk?kkv ftygk ¼e-iz-½] nf{k.ksl lkdksyh rkyqdk ¼HkaMkjk ftYgk½]

vkgs- frjksMk toGhy dkpsokuh o eqaMhdksVk gh jsYosLVs’ku vkgsr-

frjksMk ‘kgj eqacbZ&gkoMk jsYos ekxkZoj rFkk xksafn;k rqelj lMd

ekxkZoj vkgs- frjksMk xksafn;k ps varj 34 fd-eh- vkgs-

33

frjksMk rkyqdk lkaf[;dh; ekfgrh 2001 P;k tux.kusuqlkj %&

HkkSxksfyd {ks=QG %& 617-10 oxZ fd-eh

iMhr tehu %& 2974 oxZ gsDVj

d`”kh tehu %& 35346 oxZ gsDVj

,dw.k yksdla[;k %& 165238

iq:”k yksdla[;k %& 82097

fL=;k %& 83141

,dw.k xko %& 118

‘kgj %& 1

Xkzke iapk;r %& 97

lgdkjh laLFkk %& 179

:X.kky; %& 1

nok[kkuk %& 4

izkFkfed lkLFk dsanz %& 4

i’kq nok[kkuk %& 3

i’kq izFkkseksipkj dsanz %& 4

d`”kh mRiUu cktkj lferh %& 1

micktkj dsanzs %& 4

foJke x`g %& 4

eq[; O;olk; %& ‘ksrh

eq[; ihd %& /kku izØh;k m|ksx] fcMh m|ksx

eq[; m|ksx %& ‘ksrh m|ksx] chMh m|ksx

frjksMk rkyqD;kr ikVca/kkjs foHkkxkph fLFkrh

v-

Ø-

Ckkc izdYikps uko

cksnydlk pksj[kekjk [kSjcank laxzkeiwj fjlkyk

1 ik.;kpk

izR;{k lkBk

¼n-y-?k-eh-½

0-863 1-001 2-224 0-038 6-359

2 ,dq.k ykHk

{ks= ¼gsDVj½ 19138 24556 12446 2969 &

3 ykxoMh

yk;d {ks=

¼gsDVj½

5101 5267 5186 1094 &

4 vksyhrk[kkyh 5371 5712 5130 1094 &

34

;s.kkjs {ks=

¼gsDVj½ 5 maph ¼ehVj½ 19-2

¼63 QhV½

21-05

¼69 QhV½

18-16

¼59-5 QhV½

14-18

¼46-5 QhV½

19-2 ¼63

QhV½

6 foLrkj

mRrj

iwoZ

21-354938

80-0251007

21-289854

80-0667715

21-482503

80-0667715

21-4218026

80-0303364

21-2624608

79-8958826

7 unh ¼ca/kkjk½ Ckk/knso?kksVh Lklank Qrsiwj dqaHkkjh fllkyk

8 Ckka/kdke

o”kZ

1917 1923 1903 1970 1967

9 cka/kdke

dj.kkjs

ljdkj

egkjk”Vª

‘kklu egkjk”Vª

‘kklu egkjk”Vª

‘kklu egkjk”Vª

‘kklu egkjk”Vª

‘kklu

10 rykokph

fo’ks”krk

fiduhd

LikWd

fiduhd

LikWd

fiduhd

LikWd

fiduhd

LikWd

fiduhd

LikWd

11 vkarjflek

ykach

ehVj

QhV

510

1673

1178

3865

2448

8032

451-21

1480

205

762-5

L=ksr %& vf/k{kd vfHk;ark ikVca/kkjs foHkkx

flapu fodkl dk;ZØe %

R;kpizek.ks dk;ZdzekvarxZr 1200 Mksgkaps dksYgkiwjh ca/kkÚ;kP;k

cqMhr {ks=kr [kksndke dsys tk.kkj vkgs- R;klkBh 60 dksVhapk

fu;rO;; izLrkfor vkgs- rlsp 1000 ik.kh okij laLFkkaph LFkkiukgh

fonHkkZP;k 11 ftYg;kr dj.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs-

;kstuspk ykHk lkeqfgd rlsp oS;fDrd Lrjkoj Ogkok ;k mÌs’kkus

;kstusph vaeyctko.kh dj.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs- R;klkBh d`”kh

foHkkxkdMwu lqekjs 1 gtkj gsDVj lyx {ks= ik;kHkwr ekuqu izR;sd

rkyqD;kr ,dk leqgkph fuoM dsyh tk.kkj vkgs- ;k dk;ZØekP;k

vaeyctko.khlkBh vf/k{kd vfHk;ark] y?kq ikVca/kkjs] vejkorh o

ukxiwj ;kaP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyhy y?kq ikVca/kkjs foHkkx o vejkorh]

ukxiwj eglwy foHkkxkrhy y?kq flapu foHkkx] ftYgk ifj”kn vkfn

;a=.kk tckcnkj jkg.kkj vkgs-

‘kWyksV;wc osy cka/k.;kpk dk;ZØe Hkwty losZ{k.k o fodkl ;a=.ksps

rkf=d ekxZn’kZd ?ksmu jkcfo.;kr ;s.kkj vlwu R;klkBh LFkG

fuf’prhgh Hkwty losZ{k.k foHkkx dj.kkj vkgs- lacaf/kr LFkGh iqjsls

ik.kh miyC/k vlY;kps izek.ki= vkY;kuarjp lnj fBdk.kh ‘kWyksV;wc

osy ?ks.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs-

35

fonHkZ flapu fodkl dk;ZØekvarxZr dksYgkiwjh ca/kkÚ;kP;k cqMhr

{ks=kr Mksg [kksn.;klkBh [kkjik.kiV;kr izk/kkU; ns.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs-

‘kWyksV;wc osy fuekZ.k dj.;klkBh nkfjnz; js”ks[kkyhy] vuqlwfpr tkrh

o tekrhe/khy Hkw/kkjdkauk izk/kkU; ns.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs- rlsp

vkfFkZdn`”V;k ekxkloxhZ; dqVwac vkf.k vkfFkZdn`”V;k loZlk/kkj.k

dedqor dqVwac ;kaukgh izk/kkU; jkghy- v’kkizdkjs fonHkZ l?ku flapu

dk;ZØe fonHkkZr ‘kk’or flapu fuekZ.k dj.;klkBh mi;ksxh Bj.kkj

vkgs-

fBacd flapu %

‘kk’or ‘ksrhlkBh ik.;kph miyC/krk d:u ns.;klkBh ‘kklukus

gkrh ?ksrysY;k ty;qDr f’kokj vfHk;ku gkrh ?ksryk vkgs- ‘ksrhlkBh

miyC/k ik.;kpk dk;Z{ke okij dj.;kl izksRlkgu ns.ks o tutkx`rh

dj.ks gk ;k vfHk;kukP;k vusd mÌs’kkiSdh ,d mÌs’k vkgs- gs lk/;

dj.;klkBh ftYg;kr tkLrhr tkLr ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fBacd lap clfo.;kr

m|qDr dj.ks o izksRlkfgr dj.;kps dke d`”kh foHkkx djhr vkgs-

lokZalkBh ik.kh&VapkbZeqDr egkjk”Vª &2019 varxZr ik.kh V apkbZ

ifjfLFkrhoj ekr dj.;klkBh jkT;Hkjkr ty;qDr f’kokj vfHk;ku

jkcfo.;kpk egRokdka{kh fu.kZ; ‘kklukus ?ksryk- lkrkjk ftYg;kr

;kiwohZ lk[kGh i/nrhus flesaV ca/kkÚ;kaP;k fufeZrhpk dk;ZØe eksB;k

izek.kkoj tyla/kkj.k foHkkx] oufoHkkx] lkekftd ouhdj.k]

tylaink] ftYgk ifj”kn] ik.khiqjoBk] Hkwty losZ{k.k vknh fofo/k

foHkkxkaP;k leUo;krqu tyla/kkj.kkph fofo/k dkes gkrh ?ks.;kr vkyh

vkgsr- ty;qDr f’kokj vfHk;kukarxZr izR;sd ftYg;kae/;s eksB;k

izek.kkr e`nk o tyla/kkj.kkph dkes gkrh ?ks.;kr vkyh vkgsr-

;keqGs HkwxHkkZrhy ik.khikrGh ok<.;klg VapkbZ ifjfLFkrhr

ldkjkRed cny gks.;kl fuf’prp enr gks.kkj vkgs- ijarq] miyC/k

ik.;kpk fidkalkBh vfu;af=r o cslqekj okij gksr vlY;kps fnlwu

vkys vkgs- R;keqGs ;k vfHk;kukrp ‘ksrhlkBh miyC/k ik.;kpk

dk;ZØe okij dj.;kl izksRlkgu ns.;kvarxZr lw{e flapukyk xrh

36

ns.;kpk fu.kZ; ?ks.;kr vkyk vkgs- loZ xkokae/;s fBacd fnukfufeR;

d`”kh foHkkxkus dk;ZØe ?ksÅu fBacd lap forjd rlsp lw{e

flapuke/khy rTKkaekQZr ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ekxZn’kZu dj.;kr vkys- fBacd

flapu] rq”kkj flapukeqGs gks.kkjs Qk;ns] ik.kh o [krkph gks.kkjh cpr

;kckcr ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ekxZn’kZu dj.;kr vkys- ;keqGs fBacd flapu

clfo.;klkBh ‘ksrdjh izksRlkghr gks.kkj vlwu tkLrhr tkLr {ks=

fBacd o rq”kkj flapuk[kkyh ;sbZy o ty;qDr f’kokj vfHk;kukpk n`’;

ifj.kke ;k xkokae/;s fnlsy-

ftYg;ke/;s x sY;k ngk o”kkZr 38 gtkj 817 brD;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauk

23 gtkj 953 gsDVj {ks=kdjhrk 42 dksVh 31 yk[kkgwu vf/kd

jDdespk fBacd flapu vuqnku ;kstuspk ykHk ns.;kr vkyk vkgs-

2014&15 e/;s 5 gtkj 210 ykHkkF;kZauk 3 gtkj 135 gs-

{ks=kkdjhrk 11 dksVh 45 yk[kkps vuqnku okVi dj.;kr vkys-

2015&16 pk 19 dksVh 50 yk[kkpk fu;ksftr vkjk[kMk vlwu

R;krwu 8 gtkj 650 gs- {ks=koj lap clrhy-

fBacd flapukps Qk;ns %

fBacd lapkP;k okijkeqGs ik.;kph eksB;k izek.kkr cpr gksr

vlY;keqGs {ks= vksyhrk[kkyh vk.krk ;srs- mRiknukr 30 rs 35 VDds

ok< gksrs- r.kkP;k fu;a=.kkojhy [kpkZr cpr gksrs- lapkrwu

nzO;Lo:ikr jklk;fud [krkpk okij djrk ;srks- R;keqGs [krkP;k

[kpkZe/;s 20 rs 25 cpr gksrs- fBacd o rq”kkj flapukeqGs tfeuhe/;s

lrr okQlk ifjLFkrh fVdwu jkgrs- R;keqGs fidkph ok< mRre gksrs-

‘ksrdÚ;kauk feG.kkjs ‘kkldh; vuqnku %

frjksMk rkyqD;krhy vR;Yi o vYiHkq/kkjd ¼2 gsDVj is{kk deh

/kkj.kk {ks=½ ‘ksrdÚ;kauk 60 VDds vuqnku moZfjr brj 2 gsDVj is{kk

tkLr /kkj.kk {ks= vlysY;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauk 45 VDds vuqnku] lkrkjk]

djkM] ikV.k] QyV.k] okbZ] tkoyh o egkcGs’oj rkyqD;krhy vR;Yi

o vYiHkq/kkjd ¼2 gsDVj is{kk deh {ks=½ ‘ksrdÚ;kauk 45 VDds

vuqnku o moZfjr brj 2 gsDVj is{kk tkLr /kkj.kk {ks= vl.kkÚ;k

37

35 VDds vuqnku vuqnkukph jDde fidke/khy varj o [kpZ

izek.kdkaP;k e;kZnsoj voyacwu vlrs-

vuqnku ;kstuspk ykHk ?ks.;klkBh vko’;d dkxni=s %

7@12] 8v] cWad iklcqdkP;k ifgY;k ikukph Nk;kafdr izr] ‘ksrh

lkewfgd vlY;kl laerh i=] ik.kh o e`nk rikl.kh vgoky]

prqZflek udk’kk] flapu lapkpk vkys[k isijojhy vkjk[kMk] mRiknd

o ‘ksrdÚ;kapk djkjukek] chy buOgkbZl] ;k iwrhZ vuqnku u

?ksrY;kpk nk[kyk] ‘ksrdÚ;kaps flapu lapklg Nk;kfp=] pkyw o”kkZiklwu

bZ&fBcadoj vkWuykbu uksan.kh d:u lu 2015&16 ;k o”kkZe/;s

fBacd o rq”kkj flapu lap clfo.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauh ‘kkldh; vuqnku

ykHk ?ks.;kdjhrk d`”kh foHkkxkP;k vkWuykbZu lkW¶Vosvj ¼bZ&fBacd½ ;k

lax.kd vkKkoyhe/;s uksan.kh dj.;kdfjrk vkiY;k rkyqdk d`”kh

vf/kdkjh dk;kZy;k’h laidZ lk/kkok- ;k ;kstuspk ykHk ?ks.;klkBh

vuqnkuklkBh vtZ ;k lnjk[kkyh ‘ksrdjh vtZ d: ‘kdrks-

ftYg;klkBh ykxw gks.kkjs flapu izdYi] uksan.khd`r daiU;k o forj.k

¼fMyj½] vu qnkuklkBh ik= ?kVd o R;kaps nj] fBacd o rq”kkj lap

clfo.;kpk ekxZn’kZd [kpZ rlsp d`”kh vf/kdkÚ;kaps laidZ vknh

rif’kykph ekfgrh ladsrLFkGkoj miyC/k vkgs- ;k ladsrLFkGkoj

‘ksrdÚ;kauk vkiY;k izLrkokojhy dk;Zokghph o vuqnkukckcrph

v|kor ekfgrh feGsy-

ty;qDr xko fo’ks”k vfHk;ku Eg.kwu fBacd o rq”kkj flapukP;k

;kstukapk ‘ksrdÚ;kauh tkLrhr tkLr ykHk ?ksÅu vkiys xko ik.;kP;k

ckcrhr Lo;aiw.kZ dj.;kl gkrHkkj ykokok- Ålklkscrp QGckxk o

brj fidkaukgh fBacd flapu o rq”kkj flapukpk voyac dsY;kl

fuf’prp ik.;kpk dk;Z{ke okij gksÅu tkLrhr tkLr {ks=

flapuk[kkyh ;s.;klg ik.;kP;k miyC/krsP;k dkyko/khe/;sgh ok< gksÅ

‘kdsy- xjt vkgs rh QDr ‘ksrdjh cka/kokauh iq<kdkj ?ks.;kph-

38

izdj.k lgkoss

^^ y?kqflapu izdYikaP;k ykHk/kkjdkapk vH;kl**

fo’ys”k.k %&

Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFksr ‘ksrhyk izeq[k LFkku vkgs- ‘ksrdjh gk

Hkkjrh; d`”kh vFkZO;oLFkspk vkf.k xzkeh.k foHkkxkrhy vkfFkZd o

lkekftd thoukpk ,d fofHkUu o egRoiw.kZ ?kVd vkgs- ekxhy

;kstuk dkGkr d`”kh {ks=kkr eksB;k izek.kkr HkkaMoykps fofu;kstu

dsY;kuarj gh ‘ksrdÚ;kaph fLFkrh lrr <klGr vkgs- gh ,d

fparktud ckc vkgs- Hkkjrh; ‘ksrdjh vkfFkZd o lkekftd thoukapk

gk ,d nqcGk o vla?kfVr ?kVd vkgs-

y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k mRiUukr ok< >kyh dk; \

lkj.kh Ø- 6-1

‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k mRiUukr ok< n’kZd lkj.kh

vfHkizk; ‘ksrdÚ;kaph

la[;k

‘ksdMk izek.k

v½ mRiUukr ok< >kyh- 125 83.33%

Ck½ mRiUukr ok< ukgh- 15 10.00%

d½ dkgh lkaxrk ;sr ukgh- 010 6.67%

,dw.k 150 100.00%

¼L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krh Onkjk ladyhr ekfgrh½

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Category A Category B Category C

Series 1

Series 2

Column1

39

ojhy lkj.kh o:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] frjksMk rkyqD;krhy y?kq

flapu izdYikP;k miyC/krseqGs 83.33% ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k mRiUukr ok< >kyh

vls lkax.;kr vkys rj 10.00% ‘ksrdÚ;kauh udkjkRed mRrjs fnyh

vkf.k 6.67% ‘ksrdÚ;kauh ldkjkRed fdaok udkjkRed ;kiSdh dqBysgh

er O;Dr dsys ukgh-

fu”d”kZ %& 83.33% yksdkaP;k ers y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k

mRiUukr ok< >kyh gh ‘ksrdÚ;kalkBh] lektklkBh vkf.k jk”VªlkBh

tesph cktw vkgs- ;ko:u vki.k ?ksrysyh izFke ifjdYiuk fl/n

>kysyh vkgs-

6-2 y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k mRiUUkkr ok< >kyh R;keqGs

R;kaP;k ‘kS{kf.kd ik=rsr ok< >kyh dk\ vkf.k R;kapk ‘kS{kf.kd Lrj

mapkoyk vkgs dk;\ vlk iz’u ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fopkj.;kr vkyk ;ko:u

iq<hy izek.ks ekfgrh izkIr >kyh-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-2

‘ksrdÚ;kaps f’k{k.k n’kZd lkj.kh

v-Ø- vfHkizk; ‘ksrdÚ;kaph

la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 vf'kf{kr ‘ksrdjh 05 3.33%

2 izkFkfed f’k{k.k 21 14.00%

3 Ekk/;fed f’k{k.k ¼oxZ 10½ 70 46.67%

4 mPp ek/;fed f’k{k.k 29 19.33%

5 inoh/kj f’kf{kr 20 13.33%

6 inO;wrj f’kf{kr ‘ksrdjh 05 3.34%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


40

ojhy lkj.kh Ø- 6-2 o:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] ueqU;klkBh

fuoMysY;k 150 ‘ksrdÚ;kaiSdh 3.33% ‘ksrdjh vf’k{khr] 14.00%

‘ksrdjh izkFkfed f’k{k.k ?ksrysys] 46.67% ‘ksrdjh gs ek/;fed f’k{k.k

¼oxZ 10 i;Zar½ ?ksrysys] 19.33% mPp ek/kfed f’k{k.k ?ksrysys]

13.33% inoh/kj i;Zar f’k{k.k ?ksrysys rj 3.34% inO;wRrj f’k{k.k izkIr

dsysys ‘ksrdjh vk<Gys vkgs-

fu”d”kZ %& lnj ‘ksrdÚ;kauh y?kqflapu izdYikpk ykHk izkIr gksr

vlY;keqGs vkeP;k mRiUukr ok< >kyh o vkEgh vkiY;k eqykckGkauk

mPp f’k{k.k nsÅ vls dGfoys vlwu y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs vkeph

vkfFkZd fLFkrh cÚ;kiSdh pkaxyh vkgs vls lqpfoys-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-3

flapu L=ksrkeqGs jkstxkj n’kZd lkj.kh


la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

v½ jkstxkj fufeZrhr ok< >kyh- 128 85.33%

Ck½ jkstxkj fufeZrhr ok< ukgh- 16 10.67%

d½ dkgh lkaxrk ;s.kkj ukgh- 06 4.00%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


Series 1

Series 2Column10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Sr. No.1

Sr. No.2

Sr. No.3

Sr. No.4

Sr. No.5

Sr. No.6

Series 1

Series 2

Column1

41

mijksDr lkj.khps voyksdu dsY;koj vls fnlwu ;srs dh] frjksMk

rkyqD;kr T;k&T;k fBdk.kh flapu lks;h miyC/k vkgsr R;k fBdk.kh

jkstxkj fuehZrh >kyh- ojhy lkj.kho:u vls Eg.krk ;sbZy dh]

85.33% ‘ksrdÚ;kauh flapu lks;heqGs jkstxkj fuehZrhr ok< >kyh vls

lkaxhrys rlsp 10.67% yksdkauh udkjkRed mRrj fnys rj 4.00%

yksdkauh dks.kfrgh izfrfØ;k fnyh ukgh-

fu”d”kZ %& lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYike/;s ifjdYiuk Ø- 2 gh [kjh Bjyh

vkgs- dkj.k dh 85.33% ‘ksrdÚ;kauh lkaxhrys dh y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs

jkstxkj fuehZrhr ok< ok< >kyh vls lkaxhrys- ;ko:u jkstxkjkP;k

n`”Vhus flapu lks;hps egRo ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k n`f”Vus] lektkP;k n`f”Vus

vkf.k ns’kkP;k n`f”Vus vuU;lk/kkj.k egRo vkgs-gs fuohZokn fl/n >kys-

6-4 ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkf’kok; ‘ksrhP;k fodklkps egRo dk;\ vlk

iz’u ‘ksrdÚ;kauk dsY;kuarj iq<hyizek.ks vfHkizk; izkIr >kyk- Hkkjrh;

‘ksrdjh dckM d”V djrks i.k d”V d:ugh R;kph fLFkrh gh nSfu;

vkgs- vkf.k T;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph vkfFkZd fLFkrhe/;s lq/kkj.kk >kyh R;kl

‘kkldh; vk/kkj fnlqu ;srks-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-4

‘kkldh; vk/kkjkf’kok; d`”khps HkforO; dk;\


la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

v½d`”khyk ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkph

xjt vkgs

148 98.67%

Ck½ d`”khyk ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkph

xjt ukgh

00 00%

d½ dkghgh lkaxrk ;sr ukgh- 02 1.33%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


ojhy lkj.kh Ø- 6-4 o:u vls fnlqu ;srs dh d`”khyk ‘kkldh;

vk/kkjkph xjt vkgs vls Eg.k.kkjs 98.67% ‘ksrdjh vkgsr] d`”khyk

‘kkldh; vk/kkjkph xjt ukgh vls Eg.k.kkjs ,dgh ‘ksrdjh ukghr-

42

rlsp dkghgh lkaxrk ;sr ukgh vls Eg.k.kkjs 1.33% ‘ksrdjhps Eg.k.ks

vkgsr-

fu”d”kZ %& ojhy lkj.kh o:u vls fu”d”kZ dk<rk ;sbZy d`”khP;k

mToy HkforO;klkBh ‘ksrhyk ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkph xjt vkgs- ‘ksrhyk

‘ksrdÚ;kauk ‘kkldh; vk/kkj u feGkY;kl ‘ksrdÚ;kae/;s uSjk;kph

Hkkouk fuekZ.k gksbZy o ‘ksrdjh fnolsafnol d`”kh iklwu nwj gksr

tkbZy o gs fp= ns’kkP;k fgrkps ukgh- Eg.ktsp vls Eg.krk ;sbZy dh]

‘kkldh; vk/kkjkf’kok; d`”khps HkforO; vk’kknk;h ukgh-

6-5 d`”kh {ks=klkBh vtwugh laj{k.kkps /kksj.k dk;e Bso.ks mfpr vkgs

dk\ lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYikps v/;;u djrkuk uequk fuoMhrhy

‘ksrdÚ;kauk vlk iz’u fopkjyk dh d`”kh {ks=klkBh vtwugh laj{k.kkps

/kksj.k dk;e Bso.ks mfpr vkgs dk\ R;koj lnj ‘ksrdÚ;kauh [kkyhy

izek.ks vfHkizk;@vfHkizk; fnyk-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-5

d`”kh {ks=klkBh laj{k.kkps /kksj.kkph xjt

d`”kh {ks=klkBh vtwugh

laj{k.kkps /kksj.k dk;e Bso.ks

mfpr vkgs dk\

vfHkizk;

mRrjnkrs ‘ksdMk izek.k

gks; 146 97.33%

ukgh 04 2.67%

,dw.k 350 100.00%

¼L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krh Onkjs izkIr ekfgrh½

Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy lkj.kho:u vls fnlqu ;srs dh d`”khyk

laj{k.kkph xjt vkgs vls Eg.k.kkjs 97.33% ‘ksrdjh@mRrjnkrs vkgsr]

rj d`”khyk laj{k.kkph xjt ukgh vls er ns.kkjs QDr 2.67%

mRrjnkrs ¼‘ksrdjh½ vkgsr- ;ko:u vls fnlqu ;srs dh

Lokra=izkIrhuarj vkt 70&71 o”kkZuarjgh ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkfFkZd

fLFkrhe/;s fo’ks”k ldkjkRed ifjorZu fnlqu vkysyk ukgh- R;kph

43

nSfu; voLFkk vtwugh t’khph r’khp vkgs- rks vtwugh ijkoyach

voLFksrp vkgs- R;kyk Lokoyach gks.;klkBh ljdkjyk vtwugh cjsp

dkgh djk;ps vkgs-

d`”khyk laj{k.kkph xjt dk; vlk izfriz’u dsY;koj R;kauh

[kkyhy ckch lkaxhrY;kl nj rhu o”kkZr 1 o”k Z gk dksjM;k fdaok

vksY;k n`”dkGkpk vlrks- vkf.k ,dk o”kkZpk n`”dkGgh ijriQsM

dj.;klkBh rhu o”kkZpk dkyko/kh ykxrks- ifgY;k n`”dkGkph ijrQsM

gksr ukgh rj nqljk n`”dkGkr lkeksjs tkos ykxrs- R;keqGs fc&fc;k.ks]

‘ksrhph votkjs] [kr] vkS”k/kh] lkodkjkps dtZ] ‘ksrhph e’kkxr] flapu

‘ksrh vknh O;oLFkslkBh ‘ksrdÚ;kauk lrjk nqlÚ;koj voyacqu jkgkos

ykxrs- Eg.kwu d`”kh {ks=klkBh vtwugh laj{k.kkps /kksj.k dk;e Bso.ks

mfpr vkgs-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-6

‘ksrdÚ;kaps lkekftd n`f”Vdksu n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh

v-Ø- fooj.k mRrjnkrs ‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 izzfrf”Br 14 9.33%

2 vizfrf”Br 121 80.67%

3 lkaxrk ;sr ukgh 15 10.00%

,dw.k 150 100.00%

¼L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krh Onkjs ekfgrh½

Social status

14

121

15

44

ojhy lkj.kho:u ‘ksrdÚ;kaps vls Lo:i y{kkr ;srkr dh] ‘ksrdÚ;kaps

lkekftd n`f”Vdksu n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh r;kj dj.;kr vkysyh vkgsr-

izfrf”Br mRrjnkR;kaph la[;k 14 Eg.kts 9-33 VDds vkgs- ‘ksrdÚ;kaph

lkekftd izfr”Bk lkaxrk ;sr ukgh R;kaph la[;k 15 Eg.kts 10-00

VDds vkgsr- rj ‘ksrdÚ;kauk izfr”Bk ukgh ¼vizfr”Bhr½ vls Eg.kkjs

80-67 VDds ‘ksrdjh vkgsr-

ojhy lkj.kho:u fnl.kkjs fp= gs Hk;kor vkgs o ns’kkP;k fgrkps

ukgh-

6-7 y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs ihd lajpusr cny >kyk vkgs dk\ vlk

iz’u lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYikps v/;;u djrkuk ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fopkj.;kr

vkys rsOgk uequk fuoMhrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauh iq<hyizek.ks mRrjs fnyh-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-7

flapu izdYikeqGs ihd laj{k.kkph cny

Y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs frjksMk

rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ihd

lajpuscny >kyk dk \

mRrjnkrs “ksdMk izek.k

gks; 42 28.00%

ukgh 108 72.00%

,dw.k 150 100.00%

¼L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krh Onkjs ladyhr ekfgrh½

Li”Vhdj.k %& frjksMk rkyqD;krhy eq[; ihd gs /kku vkgs o ?kkukyk

ik.;kph tkLr xjt vlrs- ojhy lkj.kho:u vls fnlqu ;srs dh]

y?kq flapu izdYikP;k miyC/krseqGs ihd lajpusr cny >kyk vlk

vfHkizk; ns.kkjs 28-00 VDds mRrjnkrs vkgs- rj y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs

ihd lajpusr dqBY;kgh izdkjpk cny dj.;kr vkysyk ukgh- vls

vfHkizk; ns.kkjs 72-00 VDds mrrjnkrs vkgsr- dkj.k dh y?kqflapu

izdYikph lks; tjh vlyh rjh g;k izdYikeqGs ckjkekgh vksyhrkph

lks; miyC/k ukgh r;keqGs ihd lajpusr cny dj.;kr vkysyk ukgh-

45

lkj.kh Ø- 6-8

Hkkr mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaps lkekftd dk;ZØeke/;s Hkkx ?ksr vlysY;k

‘ksrdÚ;kaph fLFkrh lkj.kh

v-Ø- fooj.k mRrjnkrs ‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 gks; 118 78.67%

2 ukgh 32 21.33%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy lkj.khe/kwu vls fnlwu ;srs dh] Hkkr mRiknd

‘ksrdjh oxkZe/;s lkekftd dk;ZØeke/;s Hkkx ?ks.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph

la[;k 118 vkgs- vkf.k R;kaps ‘ksdMk izek.k 78.67% vkgs- rlsp

lkekftd dk;kZr lgHkkxh u ?ks.kkÚ;kaph la[;k 32 vkgs vkf.k R;kps

‘ksdMk izek.k 21.33% vkgs- ;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] frjksMk

rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaph lkekftd dk;kZr vkoM fnlwu ;srs-

6-9 frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu izdYikeqGs d`”kh mRiUukoj vuqdqy

ifj.kke ?kMwu vkyk vkgs dk\ vlk iz’u fopkjys vlrk

mRrjnkR;kadMwu iq<hy izek.ks vfHkizk; izkIr >kyk-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-9

flapu izdYikeqG s d`”kh mRiknukoj gks.kkjk ifj.kke

v-Ø- flapu izdYikeqGs d`”kh mRiknukoj

dlk ifj.kke >kyk-

mRrjnkrs ‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 vuqdqy ifj.kke >kyk 144 96%

2 izfrdqy ifj.kke >kyk 00 00

3 lkaxrk ;s.kkj ukgh- 06 4%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


46

Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy 6-9 lkj.khps voyksdu dsY;kuarj vls fnlqu

;srs dh] y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs frjksMk rkyqD;krhy d`”kh mRiknukoj

vuqdqy ifj.kke fnlwu vkyk vlk vfHkizk; ns.kkjs mRrjnkrs vkgs- rj

izfrdqy ifj.kke >kyk vls lkax.kkjs 00 ¼’kqU;½ VDds mRrjnkrs vkgsr

vkf.k flapu izdYikeqGs dk; ifj.kke >kyk gs lkaxrk ;s.kkj ukgh

vlk vfHkizk; ns.kkjs mRrjnkrs feGkys- ;ko:u gs fu”d”kZ dk<rk

;sbZy dh ‘ksrh O;olk;kr flapu izdYikauk vuU;lk/kkj.k egRo vkys-

flapu lks;h&lqfo/kkf’kok; ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k] lektkP;k o ns’kkP;k

fodklkph dYiuk dj.ks v’kD; vkgs- Eg.kts flapukf’kok; ‘ksrhph

dYiuk dj.ks gosr /kuq”;ck.k lksMY;klkj[ks vkgs-

vkfFkZd ekfgrh %&

ekuokP;k vUu] oL=] fuokjk] f’k{k.k vkf.k vkjksX; ;k eqyHkwr

xjtk vkgsr- R;k xjtkaph iwrhZ dj.;kdjhrk ekuokyk iSlk feGokok

ykxrks- dkj.k iS’kkeqGsp ;k loZ xks”Vh [kjsnh dsY;k tkÅ ‘kdrkr

vkf.k ;kojp ek.klkph vkfFkZd fLFkrh voyacwu vlrs- Hkkr mRiknd

‘ksrdÚ;kaps vkfFkZd fLFkrh tk.kwu ?ks.;klkBh [kkyhy lkj.kh r;kj

dj.;kr vkyh-

Effect On Agriclucture Produce from Irrigation Project

144

0

6

47

lkj.kh Ø- 6-10

‘ksrdÚ;kaps okf”kZd mRiUu n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh

v-Ø- Okkf”kZd mRiUu ¼:i;ke/;s½

mRrjnkR;kaph

la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 25000 i;Zr 30 20.00%

2 26000&50000 i;Zr 28 18.67%

3 51000&100000i;Zr 58 38.67%

4 100000&500000i;Zr 22 14.66%

5 500000 ps oj 12 8.00%

,dw.k 150 100%

¼L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krhOnkjs izkIr ekfgrh½

Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy 6-10 lkj.kho:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh :-

25000 i;Zr okf”kZd mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k 30 Eg.kts

20-00 VDds vlY;kps vk<Gwu vkys- :- 26000&50000 i;Zr

okf”kZd mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k 28 Eg.kts 18-67 VDds

vkgs- :- 51000&100000 i;Zr okf”kZd mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k

‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k 58 vkgs- Eg.kts 38-67 VDds vkgs- :-

101000&500000 i;Zr okf”kZd mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph

Yearly Income

25000

26000 -50000

51000-100000

100000-500000

above 500000

48

la[;k 22 vkgs Eg.kts 14-66 VDds vkgs- vkf.k :- 500000 ps

oj okf”kZd mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k 12 vkgs Eg.kts 8-

00 VDds vkgs- vls ojhy lkj.kho:u fnlqu ;srs-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-11

‘ksrdÚ;kaps okf”kZd mRiUu lek/kk.kdkjd n’kZd forj.k

v-Ø- vfHkizk; dqVwackph

la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 vlek/kkudkjd 92 61.33%

2 lek/kkudkjd 36 24.00%

3 dkgh lkaxrk ;sr ukgh 22 14.67%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy 6-11 lkj.kho:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] Hkkr

mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaph eqyk[kr ?ksrysY;k ,dw.k 150 ’ksrdjh oxkZiSdh

92 ‘ksrdjh vlek/kkuh vkgs] Eg.ktsp 61-33 VDds ‘ksrdjh

vlek/kkuh vkgs- rj 36 ‘ksrdjh Eg.kts 24 VDds ‘ksrdjh oxZ gk

lek/kkuh vlY;kps vk<Gwu vkys ukgh- vkf.k 22 ‘ksrdÚ;kauh

Eg.ktsp 14-67 ‘ksrdÚ;kauh dkghgh lkaxrk ;sr ukgh vls lkaxhrys-

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3

Column1

Series 2

Series 1

49

lkj.kh Ø- 6-12

‘ksrdÚ;kaps LFkk;h laiRrh vkgs fdaok ukgh n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh


la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 gks; 115 76.67%

2 ukgh 35 23.33%

,dw.k 150 100.00%



mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kadMs vl.kkjh LFkk;h lairhps izek.k 76-67 VDds

Eg.kts 115 ‘ksrdjh oxkZdMs LFkk;h laiRrh vkgs- rj LFkk;h laiRrh

ul.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdjh oxkZph la[;k 35 Eg.kts 23-33 VDds ‘ksrdjh

oxkZdMs LFkk;h ukgh ;ko:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh tkLr ‘ksrdÚ;katoG

LFkk;h lairh vkgs-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-13

‘ksrdÚ;kauk feG.kkjs vfrfjDr mRiUu n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh


la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 gks; 39 26.00%

2 ukgh 111 74.00%

,dw.k 150 100.00%



mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk vfrfjDr mRiUu lq/nk feGrs] ;kr mRiUu

feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k 39 vlwu R;kps ‘ksdMk izek.k 26 VDds

vkgs- vfrfjDr lk/kukiklwu mRiUu u feG.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaph la[;k

111 vkgs] Eg.ktsp R;kps ‘ksdMk izek.k 74 VDds vkgs-

50

lkj.kh Ø- 6-14

‘ksrdÚ;kauk vfrfjDr mRiknu feG.kkjs L=ksr n’kZfo.kkjh lkj.kh

v-Ø- mRrjnkR;kps Lo:i dqVwackph

la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 uksdjh 26 17.33%

2 O;olk; 15 10.00%

3 ofMykaps isU’ku 25 16.67%

4 tksM/kaMk 65 43.33%

5 vU; L=ksr 19 12.67%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


Li”Vhdj.k %& ojhy 6-14 lkj.kho:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] Hkkr

mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk vfrfjDr mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k mRrjnkR;kaph ifjfLFkrh

[kkyhy izek.ks vkgs- uksdjh d:u vfrfjDr mRiUu feG.kkÚ;k

yksdkaph la[;k 26 Eg.kts 17-33 VDds mRrjnkrs vkgsr- rj ofMykaps

isU’ku Eg.kwu mfrfjDr mRiUu defo.kkÚ;kaph la[;k 25 Eg.kts 16-

67 VDds vkgs- O;olk;kiklqu vfrfjDr mRiUu feGfo.kkjs 15

mRrjnkrs Eg.ktsp ,dw.k 10 VDds mRrjnkrs vkgsr- ‘ksrhiqjd tksM/kank

dj.kkjs 65 mRrjnkrs Eg.ktsp 43-33 VDds mRrjnkrs vkgsr rj vU;

L=ksrkiklwu mRiUu@mRiknu feGfo.kkjs 19 mRrjnkrs vkgsr Eg.ktsp

Extra Income from Other Sources

26

15

25

65

19

51

12-67 VDds mRrjnkrs vkgsr- ;ko:u vls Eg.krk ;sbZy dh ‘ksrhyk

lkFk vU; tksM/kan;kph furkar xjt vkgs-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-15

frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdjh flapu O;oLFkscn~ny lek/kkuh vkgsr

dk;\


la[;k

‘ksdMk

izek.k

1 gks; 36 24.00%

2 ukgh 114 76.00%

,dw.k 150 100.00%


Li”Vhdj.k %& mijksDr 6-15 lkj.kho:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ,dw.k

150 mRrjnkR;kaiSdh 36 mRrjnkrs gs rkyqD;krhy flapuO;oLFkseqGs

lek/kkuh vkgsr rj 114 mRrjnkrs gs rkyqD;krhy flapuO;oLFkseqGs

lek/kkuh ukghr- ;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] frjksMk rkyqD;krhy

flapuO;oLFkk mRre ntkZph ukgh- lek/kkuh flapu O;oLFksP;k n`f”Vus

vtwugh cjsp dkgh dj.ks ‘ks”k vkgs-

lkj.kh Ø- 6-16

frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flaphr o vflaphr ‘ksrhiklwu izrh gsDVjh /kkukps

mRiknu

/kkukps ok.k@ /kkukps tkrh izfr gsDVjh mRiknu ¼fDoaVy e/;s½

flaphr ‘ksrh vflaphr ‘ksrh

vfrmRre ¼, xzsM½ 25&35 20&28

mRre ¼ch xzsM½ 28&40 22&32

e/;e ¼lh xzsM½ 28&40 25&35

Lkk/kkj.k ¼Mh xzsM½ 30&40 27&38


52

Li”Vhdj.k %& lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYikps v/;;u djrkauk frjksMk

rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk eqyk[krhP;k osGh iz’u fopkjyk dh] flaphr

‘ksrh vkf.k vflaphr ‘ksrhiklwu vki.kkl gsDVjh fdrh mRiknu feGrs\

rsOgk R;kapsdMwu ts mRrj feGkys rs ojhy 6-16 lkj.khe/;s ueqn

vkgs- ojhy lkj.khps voyksdu dsys vlrk vls fnlwu ;sr dh

flaphr ‘ksr tehuhe/;s izfr gsDVjh vfrmRre /kkU;¼, xzsM½] mRre

¼ch xzsM½] e/;e ¼lh xzsM½] Lkk/kkj.k ¼Mh xzsM½ Øe’k% 25&35 fDoaVy]

28&40 fDoaVy] 28&40 fDoaVy] vkf.k 30&40 fDoaVy mRiknu

gksrs-

;kmyV vflaphr ‘ksr tehuhr ¼uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacqu

vlysyh½ izfr gsDVjh vfrmRre /kkU;¼, xzsM½] mRre ¼ch xzsM½] e/;e

¼lh xzsM½] Lkk/kkj.k ¼Mh xzsM½ Øe’k% 20&28 fDoaVy] 22&32 fDoaVy]

25&35 fDoaVy] vkf.k 27&38 fDoaVy izfr gsDVjh mRiknu gksr

vlY;kps fnlrs-

Eg.ktsp ‘ksr tehuhrhy mRiknu gs dsOgkgh vflaphr

‘ksrtehuhrhy /kkU; mRiknukis{kk vf/kd vlrs ;kps dkj.k flaphr

‘ksrtehuhP;k ‘ksr ekydkyk ‘ksrtehu flapuk[kkyh vlY;keqGs d`”kh

mRiknukph iw.kZ ‘kk’orh vlrs R;keqGs rks flaphr ‘ksrtehuhoj laiw.kZ

mRiknu ?kVdkapk iwjsiwj okij djrks o vf/kdkvf/kd d`”kh mRiknu

dk<.;kpk iz;Ru djrks ;kmyV vflaphr tfeuhpk ‘ksrekydkph tehu

gh uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacqu vlY;keqGs R;kyk d`”kh mRiknukph iw.kZ

‘kk’orh ulrs R;keqG s rks vkiY;k vflaphr tfeuhoj mRiknu ?kVdkapk

iwjsiwj okij djhr ukgh R;keqGs R;kP;k ‘ksrtehuhrhu d`”kh mRiknu gs

usgeh deh vlrs-

53

izdj.k lkros

^^ /kku mRiknu [kpkZps fo’ys”k.k**

vkiY;k ns’kkrhy tursyk vUu/kkU; miyC/k Ogkos Eg.kwu vgks&

jk= dkckMd”V dj.kkjk /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdjh vR;ar nkfjnz;ke/;s

thou txr vkgs- R;kaP;k g;k nkfjnz;kyk izkeq[;kus ‘kklu tckcnkj

vkgs] frrdkp fulxZ tckcnkj vkgs] frrdkp Lor% /kku mRiknd

‘ksrdjhgh tckcnkj vkgs! ‘kkldh; ;a=.kk] pqdhph ‘kkldh; /kksj.ks]

‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k fgrkdjhrk LFkkiu dsysY;k vkgsr ijarq O;kikjh oxkZpsp

fgr tksikl.kkÚ;k d`”kh mRiUUk cktkj lfeR;k] mRiknu [kpkZis{kk deh

vlysyh /kkukph vk/kkj fdaer] lkrR;kus v/kwu e/kwu gtsjh yko.kkjk

vksyk fdaok lqdk nq”dkG] Qlysyh ihd foek ;kstuk] dtZckjhi.kk]

jklk;fud [krs o fc;k.ks g;kaP;k ok<R;k fdaerh g;k loZ ckch /kku

mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k nkfjnz;kyk dkj.khHkqr vkgsr-

d`”kh iz/kku vlysY;k vkiY;k ns’kke/;s ‘ksrhpk d.kk

vlysYkk ‘ksrdjh vR;ar nkfjnz;kr thou txrks vkgs- gh ckc vkiY;k

ns’kkyk Hkw”k.kklg ukgh- ,dhdMs ns’kkrhy dkj[kkunkjkps gtkjks dksVh

:- ljdkjOnkjs ekQ d:u cqMhr dtkZlkBh le>ksrk dsyk tkrks-

rsFksp ‘ksrdÚ;kauh ukfidheqGs dtZ Fkfdr Bsoys vlrkr- R;kaP;k ?kjph

HkkaMhdqaMh tIr dsyh tkrs- gh ckc d`”kh iz/kku ns’kke/;s fodklkyk

ck/kk Bj.kkjh vkgs- ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k xfjchph lokZ aukp dYiuk vkgs- rsOgk

R;kauk nkfjnz;kaP;k nq”V pdzkrqu ckgsj dk<.;klkBh izkekf.kd iz;Ru

dj.;kph xjt ns[khy vkgs- jkT; ljdkj o dsanz ljdkj o d`”kh

mRiknu ewY; fu/kkZj.k vk;ksxkus] mRiknu [kpZ Hk:u fu?ksy- rso<h

U;wure fdaer /kkukdfjrk fu/kkZfjr djkoh- vkS|ksfxd {ks=kP;k ckcrhr

mRiknu [kpkZoj vk/kkfjr Hkko Bjfo.;kl ekU;rk ns.kkÚ;k ljdkjus

d`”kh {ks=kP;k ckcrhr ns[khy jkLRk /kksj.k fLodkjkos- dtZckjh

‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ikfjokjhd xjtk ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkRegR;k bR;knh ckcrhpk

fopkj d:u R;kaP;k jkg.khekukr lq/kkj.kk gksow ‘kdsy ;k n`”Vhus

/kkukP;k fdaerh fu/kkZjhr Ogko;kl ikghts-

54

Hkkr ‘ksrhP;k i/nrh %&

1-½ uSlfxZd ikolkoj vaoyacqu vlysyh /kku ‘ksrh

2-½ flapu lk/kus vlysyh /kku ‘ksrh

izLrqr izdj.kke/;s ,d gsDVj ¼lqekjs 2-5 ,dj ½ /kkukph ‘ksrh

x`fgr /k:u rh vksyhrkP;k lk/kukapk okij d:u dlyh tkrs o loZ

mRiknukph lk/kus ‘ksrekydkph Lo&ekydhph vkgs vls x`fgr

/k:u],dw.k ;s.kkjk mRiknu [kpZ fu/kkZfjr dsyk tk.kkj vkgs- lkscrp

‘ksrdÚ;kauk cktkjisBsr feGkysY;k /kkukP;k fdaerhpk rqyukRed

vH;kl d:u /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaps gks.kkjs vkfFkZd uqdlku Li”V

dj.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk vkgs-

dks.kR;kgh mRiknu {ks=ke/;s] ex rs vkS|ksfxd {ks= vlks dh]

d`”khps {ks=] oLrwP;k mRiknu [kpkZis{kk R;k oLrqph fodzh fdaer deh

jkgwp ‘kdr ukgh- g;k rRokuqlkj vkiY;kyk [kkyhy ckch fopkjkr

?ksÅu R;kps foLr`r fo’ys”k.k djkos ykxsy-

1½ /kkukpk izfr fDoaVy o izfr gsDVjh mRiknu [kpZ

¼vksyhrkph ‘ksrh o Loekyfdph lk/kus x`fgr /k:u½

2½ /kkukph ljdkjus tkghj dsysyh vk/kkj fdaer

3½ /kkukyk [kwY;k cktkj isBsr ekxhy ngk o”kkZr feGkysyh fdaer

4½ ‘ksrdÚ;kaps izR;sd fDoaVyekxs gks.kkjs vkfFkZd uqdlku

ofjy pkj ckchaP;k vk/kkjs /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaps vkfFkZd

‘kks”k.k dls dsys tkrs o g;keqGs rks vkfFkZd n`”V;k dlk ekxklysyk

vkgs] g;kckcrps fp= Li”V gksÅ ‘kdsy-

1½ /kkukpk izfrfDoaVy o izfr gsDVjh ;s.kkjk mRiknu [kpZ %&

¼vskyhrkps {ks= o Lo&ekyfdph mRiknukph lk/kus x`fgr /k:u½

‘kklfd; ikrGhoj] /kkukpk fdaok dks.kR;kgh d`”kh mRiknhr [kpZ]

izfr gsDVj e/;s fdrh ;srks] g;k izek.ks eksteki dsys tkrs- ,d

gsDVj {ks=QG Eg.kts lwekjs 2-50 ,dj ,so<s /kkj.k {ks= vlrs- ,d

gsDVj /kkukph ‘ksrh vksyhrkph lk/kus mi;ksxkr vk.kwu o Lo &

55

ekydhph mRiknukph loZ lk/kus ¼mnk- cSytksMh] dk;e ukSdj ]

vkStkjs oxSjs½ oki:u dlY;kl [kkyhy izek.ks [kpZ ;srks-

lkj.kh dz- 7-1

flapukph lk/kus vlysyh /kku ‘ksrh

izfr gsDVj /kkukP;k ‘ksrhdfjrk ;s.kkjk mRiknu [kpZ

¼vk/kkj o”kZ 2015&16 ps vkdMs x`ghr /kj.;kr vkys vkgsr-½

[kpkZP;k ckchaps fooj.k ,d gsDVjekxs ;s.kkjk

mRiknu [kpZ

izR;{k [kpkZP;k ckch

1½ fc;k.ks

2½ iÚgs [kksn.ks o isa<;k cka/khe/;s iljfo.ks-

3½ jkso.;kpk [kpZ

4½ iÚgs fuan.ks

5½ ikGh rkl.ks

6½ fuan.k [kpZ

7½ [kr

8½ fdM uk’kd vkS”k/kh o Qokj.kh [kpZ

9½ /kku dki.kh o cka/k.khojhy [kpZ

10½ eG.kh [kpZ

11½ /kkukpk okgrwd [kpZ

v½ ‘ksrkrwu ?kjki;Zar & 300 :-

c½ ?kjkiklwu cktkjki;Zar & 700 :-

12½ laiw.kZ gaxkekrhy fo|qr [kpZ vlY;kl

13½ fo|qr iai o ik.;kP;k ikbZojhy

ns[kjs[k [kpZ

14½ ukaxj.kh] fp[ky.kh o brj dkekdfjrk

lkynkjkoj ¼dk;e okf”kZd ukSdj½ gks.kkjk

[kpZ

¼gk [kpZ [kfji gaxke o jCch gaxke vlk

foHkkxyk tkrks- Eg.kwu dsoG /kkukofjy [kpZ

2000@&

600@&

7000@&

500@&

500@&

3000@&

7000@&

1500@&

3500@&

2000@&

1000@&

1500@&

1000@&

10000@&

41100@&

56

x`fgr /kjysyk vkgs- ½

vizR;{k [kpkZP;k ckch &

1½ cSykapk pkjk&oSj.k o ns[kjs[khojhy [kpZ

&

2½ ‘ksrhph vkStkjs o lk/kus g;kaP;k ojhy

?klkjk o nq:Lrh oxSjs ojhy [kpZ &

3½ ‘ksrhe/;s xwarfoysY;k HkkaMoykojhy O;kt

&

¼g;k ifjljkr 3 yk[k :- gsDVj izek.ksa

/kkukP;k tfeuhpk ljkljhHkko vkgs- Eg.kwu

3 yk[k :- oj U;qure 6% njkuas½

4½ mRiknu dkGkr dqaVwc izeq[k o

dqaVwckrhy brj lnL;kauh dsysys Je]

ns[kjs[k] laj{k.k] jkf=yk taxyh ‘okink

iklwu ihdkps laj{k.k dj.;kdfjrk dsysyh

jk[k.k ¼tkxy½ g;kojhy ,dww.kljkljh [kpZ

& ¼mRiknu dkG 5 efgus½

/kkukpk izrh gsDVjh ,dw.k mRiknu [kpZ &

5000@&

700@&

18000@&

10000@&

33700@&

74800@&

L=ksr %& ewyk[krhOnkjs ladyhr

lanHkZ ¼mRiknu [kpkZps izk:i½ ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k leL;k vkf.k lek/kku izk- ,u- ch-

oS| iku- ua- 84 o 85

d`”kh laokfnuh %& iatkcjko ns’keq[k d`”kh fo|kfi< vdksyk iku- ua 276] 277]

278

[kpkZps fo’ys”k.k %&

v½ izR;{k ckchojhy [kpZ & 41100 :-

c½ vizR;{k ckachojhy [kpZ & 33700 :-

izrh gsDVjh ldy mRiknu [kpZ & 74800 :-

m.ks ¼&½ mimRiknukph fdaer ¼r.kl½ 2000 :-

izrh gsDVjh ,dw.k fuOoG mRiknu [kpZ & 72800 :-

57

Li”Vhdj.k %&

/kkukP;k mRiknukojhy laiw.kZ gaxkekrhy ,d gsDVj e/khy ;s.kkjk

izR;{k [kpZ :- 40100 @& vkgs rj vizR;{k ckchaoj gks.kkjk ,d

gsDVj e/khy ljkljh [kpZ 33700@& vkgs vlk ,dw.k izrh gsDVjh

mRiknu [kpZ :- 72800@& vkgs-

izR;{k [kpZ ‘ksrdÚ;kyk iS’kkP;k Lo:ikr Hkkxokok ykxr

vlY;kewGs /kku mRikndkyk g;k [kpkZph tk.kho vlrs- ijarq vizR;{k

[kpZ izR;{kkr Hkkxokok ykxr ulY;kewGs g;k [kpkZph tk.kho

‘ksrdÚ;kyk izR;{kkr gksr ukgh- ek= gk [kpZ vizR;{kfjR;k lq:p

vlrks-

izfr gsDVjh /kkukps gks.kkjs mRiknu %&

ftYg;ke/;s mRre o vfrmRre ok.kkps mRiknu lwekjs 75%

{ks=QGkr ?ksrys tkrs- Eg.kwu fo’ys”k.kdfjrk mRre /kkukpsp mRiknu

x`fgr /kjys vkgs- g;k Ogsjk;VhP;k uarj ^lk/kkj.k* g;k ok.kkps mRiknu

?ksrys tkrs- mRre o lk/kkj.k feGwu 90% /kkukps {ks=QG g;kp

tkrahuh O;kiysys vkgs- moZfjr vfrmRre ok.kkps mRiknu ?ks.;kps

izek.k lqekjs 10% vkgs- g;k izek.kkr njo”khZ FkksMk Qkj Qjd iMrks-

[kkyhy vkdMsokjhuqlkj izfr gsDVjh /kkukP;k mRiknukph dYiuk ;sÅ

‘kdsy-

lkj.kh dz- 7-2

izrh gsDVjh /kkukps n’kZfo.kkjs dks”Vd

/kkukps ok.k izfr gsDVjh mRiknu

1½ vfrmRre

2½ mRre

3½ e/;e

4½ lk/kkj.k

25 rs 35 fDoaVy

28 rs 40 fDoaVy

28 rs 40 fDoaVy

28 rs 40 fDoaVy

L=ksr %& izR;{k eqyk[krhOnkjs ladyhr

58

Li”Vhdj.k %&

Lkq/kkfjr ‘ksrh dj.kkÚ;k vusd mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k izR;{k

eqyk[krh ?ksrY;k o /kkukP;k izfr gsDVjh mRiknukckcr R;kaph ers

tk.kwu ?ksryh- iz’ukoyh e/;s oj mRiknu o foi.kuk’kh lac/khr iz’u

g;k lnjk varxZr ^,dk ,djkr /kkukps fdrh fDoaVy mRiUu feGrs-

\ vlk iz’u mifLFkr dsyk gksrk- iz’ukoyhP;k ek/;ekrwuo vusd

/kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k izR;{k eqyk[krhOnkjs ,dk gsDVje/;s

vfrmRre g;k ok.kkps ljkljh 25 rs 35 fDoaVy rj lk/kkj.k g;k

ok.kkps 28 rs 40 fDoaVy gsDVjh mRiknu feGw ‘kdrs- g;kr 5 rs

10 fDoaVy i;Zar deh tkLr ljkljh Qjd iMw ‘kdrks- dkj.k /kkukps

fdaok dks.kR;kgh ‘ksrekykps mRiknu gs ykxoM i/nrhoj o fulxkZj

voaycwu vlrs-

lnj izdj.kkr 35 fDoaVy ,o<s ljkljh izfr gsDVj mRiUu

/kj.;kr vkys vkgs-

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpkZps vkx.ku %&

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpkZps vkx.ku dj.;kdfjrk [kkyhy lq=kpk

mi;ksx djkok ykxsy-

,dw.k mRiknu [kpZ

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ = ------------------------- ,dw.k mRiknu

72800 ¼mRiknu [kpZ½

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ = ------------------------- 35 fDoaVy ¼mRiknu½

72800 @&

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ = ------------------------- 35

izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ = 2080 @&

59

Li”Vhdj.k %&

/kkukP;k ykxoMhpk ,d gsDVj e/khy mRiknu [kpZ :-

72800@& vkgs g;k [kpkZ e/;s ,d gsDVj ‘ksrhe/kwup lwekjs 35

fDoaVy /kkukps mRiknu gksrs- vls x`fgr /kjys vkgs- Eg.kwu mRiknu

[kpkZyk :- 72800@& yk 35 fDoaVy mRiknukus Hkkxhys vlrk izrh

fDaoVy 2080 :- mRiknu [kpZ feGkyk vkgs-

izfr fDoaVy /kkukP;k fdaerhps fu/kkZj.k %&

/kkukpk izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ :- 2080 @& vkgs- jkT;

eqY; fu/kkZj.k mRiknu [kpkZoj 15 VDds u¶;kph f’kQkjl dsysyh

vkgs- dks.krkgh mRiknd mRiknu [kpkZoj u¶;kph vkdkj.kh d:up

fodzh ewY; fuf’pr djrks- Eg.kwup /kkukP;k mRiknu [kpkZoj lq/nk

15% uQk vkdk:u izfr fDoaVy /kkukph fdaer fu/kkZfjr djkoh

ykxsy- Eg.kwu &

/kkukpk izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ = 2080

2080 @& :- oj 15 U;qure uQk = 312

&&&&&&&&&&&&

/kkukps U;wure fodzh ewY;] izfr fDoa = 2392 @&

&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Li”Vhdj.k %&

vksfyrkP;k ‘ksrhe/khy /kkukpk ,dk fDoaVyekxs 2080@& :-

,o<k mRiknu [kpZ ;srks- mRiknu [kpkOZkj 15 VDds U;wure u¶;kph

vkdkj.kh d:u /kkukps izfr fDoaVYk fodzh ewY; fu/kkZfjr djkos ykxsy-

2080 :- oj 15 VDds jk’kh :- 312 ,o<h ;sr vkgs- Eg.kwu

2080 + 2012 = 2392@& ,o<h ,d fDoaVy /kkukph fodzh fdaer

fu/kkZfjr djkoh ykxsy-

60

uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacwu vl.kkjh /kkukph ‘ksrh o vksyhrkph

/kkukph

‘ksrh g;kaP;k mRiknu [kpkZps rqyukRed fo’ys”k.k %&

vksfyrkP;k /kku ‘ksrhofjy izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ :-

2080@& ,o<k fuf’pr >kysyk vkgs- R;koj 15 VDds uQk vkdk:u

fodzh fdaer 2392@& v’kh fu/kkZfjr djkoh ykxsy- Eg.ktsp

vksyhrkP;k ‘ksrhe/kwu feG.kkÚ;k /kkukph fodhz fdaer 2392@& ,o<h

fnY;k f’kok; ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ;ksX; fdaer feG.kkj ukgh-

uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacwu vl.kkÚ;k ‘ksrhdjhrk ;s.kkjk mRiknu

[kpZ izfr fDoaVy 2680 @&,so<k fuf’pr >kysyk vkgs- g;k mRiknu

[kpkZe/;s ‘ksrhe/;s xqarfoysY;k HkkaMoykojhy O;kt o mRiknu [kpkZoj

15 VDds U;qure uQk lekfo”V vkgs-

vksfyrkP;k ‘ksrhuqlkj /kkukpk izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ 2392

:- ;srks rj uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacwu vl.kkjh o mRiknukph lk/kus

HkkM;kus ?ksÅu dlysY;k ‘ksrh e/kwu feG.kkÚ;k mRiknukpk Eg.ktsp

/kkukpk izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ fDaoVy mRiknu [kpZ 2680@& :-

,o<k ;srks- nksUgh ykxoM i/nrhe/;s ,dk fDoaVyekxs :- 288 pk

Qjd vk<Gwu ;srks-

Qjdkph dkj.ks %&

nksUgh ykxoM i/nrhpk rqyukREkd vH;kl d:u izrh fDoaVy

mRiknu [kpkZr dk Qjd iMrks g;kpk l[kksy vH;kl dsyk vlrk

vlsa vk<Gys dh]

1- uSlfxZd ikolkoj voyacwu vl.kkjh ‘ksrh gh iw.kZrk mRiknukph

lk/kus HkkM;kus ?ksÅu dl.;kr vkysyh vkgs- Eg.kwu g;k

ykxoM i/nrhe/;s mRiknu [kpZ tkLr vkysyk vkgs- f’kok; g;k

ykxoM i/nrhe/;s ‘ksrh e/;s xqarfoysY;k HkkaMoyk ojhy O;kt

7 VDds x`fgr /kjysys vkgs-

61

2- vksyhrkaP;k lk/kukapk okij d:u dj.;kr ;s.kkÚ;k ykxoM

i/nrh e/;s mRiknukph loZ lk/kus mRikndkP;k ekydhph vkgs-

vls x`fgr /kjys vkgs-

ojhy loZ foospuko:u vki.k g;k fu”d”kkZizr Bkei.ks vkyks

vkgskr dh] /kkukyk izfr fDoaVy ¼o”kZ 2015&16½ U;qure Hkko :-

2392 ,so<k fnykp ikghts-

62

izdj.k vkBoss

^^ fu”d”kZ o f’kQkjlh **

fu”d”kZ %&

^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼xksafn;k ftYgk½ y?kq flapu izdYikaps d`”kh

fodklkr ;ksxnku & ,d vH;kl** lnj fo”k;kps vH;kl djrkauk

vls fnlwu vkys dh ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkfFkZd fodklkr nksu ckchaps

egRokps LFkku vkgs rs Eg.kts] 1- ‘ksrhlkBh flapu O;oLFkk o 2-

‘ksrhmRiknukyk ;ksX; fdaer i.k g;k nksUgh xks”Vh ‘ksrdÚ;kauk feGr

ukgh- fdaok g;k nksUgh ckch R;kP;k vf/kdkjkr ukghr Eg.kwup ‘ksrdjh

gk vkRegR;k djrks-

lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYikP;k vH;klko:u iq<hy izek.ks fu”d”kZ izkIr

>kys vkgsr-

1- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy 83-33 VDds yksdkaP;k ers y?kqflapu

izdYikeqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k mRiUukr ok< >kyh vlqu R;kpk fodkl

>kyk vkgs- lnj y?kq’kks/k izdYiklkBh ?ksrysyh izFke ifjdyiuk

gh [kjh Bjyh vkgs-

2- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy y?kq flapu izdYi /kkjdkpk ykHk R;k

‘ksrdÚ;akuk ‘kS{kf.kd ik=rsr fuf’prp ok< >kyh vlqu R;kpk

lkekftd ntkZ lq/kkjyk vkgs- flapu lks;h pk ykHk izkIr

dj.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauh Lor%pss o Lor%P;k dqVwackP;k f’k{k.kkdMs

fo’ks”k y{k iqjfoY;kps fnlqu ;srs-

3- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu lks;heqGs T;k Hkkxkr flapu lks;hph

miyC/krk vkgs R;k ifjljkr jkstxkjkP;k la/kh vf/kd miy/n

vkgsr vls 85-33 VDds ‘ksrdÚ;kauh lkaxhrys- Eg.ktsp lnj

y?kq’kks/kizca/kuklkBh x`ghr /kjysyh nqljh ifjdYiuk lR; Bjysyh

vkgs- Eg.ktsp ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ns’kkP;k vkfFkZd fodkl ?kMowu

vk.kko;kpk vlsy rj flapulks;hph furkar xjt vkgs-

4- d`”khyk ‘kkldh; vk/kkjkph xjt vkgs vls Eg.k.kkjs 98-67 VDds

‘ksrdjh vkgsr- dkj.k dh ‘ksrh gh fulxkZoj voyacqu vkgs vkf.k

fulxZ usgehp ‘ksrdÚ;kauk nxk nsr vkyk vkgs-

63

5- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksdMk 97-33 VDds yksdkauh lkaxhrys dh

‘ksrhlkBh vtwugh laj{k.kkps /kksj.k lq: Bso.ks xjtsps vkgs-

R;kf’kok; ‘ksrdÚ;kaph voLFkk cny.kkj ukgh- dkj.k dh nj rhu

o”kkZe/;s ,d o”kZ gk nq”dkGkpk Bjysykp vlrks- vkf.k ,dk

o”kkZP;k nq”dkGkph ijrQsM dj.;klkBh toG&toG rhu o”kkZpk

dkyko/kh ykxrks- ifgY;k nq”dkGkph ijrQsM gksr ukgh rj nqlÚ;k

n`”dkGkyk lkeksjs tkos ykxrs Eg.kwu ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ‘kkldh;

laj{k.kkph xjt vkgs vls Eg.k.kkjs 97-33 VDds ‘ksrdjh vkgsr-

6- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksdMk 80-67 VDds ‘ksrdÚ;kaps vl s Eg.kus

vkgs dh ‘ksrdÚ;kaph lkekftd izfr”Bk ukgh- R;keqGs dks.khgh ‘ksrh

dj.;kl r;kj ukgh- fg xks”V ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k lektkP;k o ns’kkP;k

ghrkph ukgh- ‘ksrdÚ;kauk lkekftd izfr”Bk feGowu ns.ks fg

lektkph o ljdkjph tokcnkjh vkgs vU;Fkk vUunkrk

‘ksrhO;olk;kiklwu vk.k[kh nwj tkbZy-

7- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksdMk 72-00 VDds ‘ksrdÚ;kaps vls Eg.k.ks

vkgs dh T;k fBdk.kh flapu lks;h miyC/k vkgsr R;k fBdk.kh

‘ksrh e/;s uohu&uohu iz;ksx djrk ;srkr- Eg.ktsp ihd

lajpusr cny djrk ;srkr- fg ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k o ljdkjP;k n`f”Vus

pkaxyh ckc vkgs-

8- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy 78-67 VDds yksdkaps erkizek.ks rs lkekftd

dk;kZr lØh; lgHkkxh gksrkr- Eg.ktsp ;sFkhy yksdkae/;s

lkekftd dk;kZph vkoM vkgs- gh ckc lq/nk ‘ksrdÚ;kalkBh o

ns’kklkBh tesph cktw vkgs-

9- y?kqflapu izdYikeqGs d`”kh mRiknukr vuqdqy izHkko fnlqu ;srks

vls Eg.k.kkjs 96 VDds yksdkaps Eg.k.ks vkgs Eg.kwu vk.k[kh viw.kZ

flapu izdYi yodjkr yodj iw.kZ dj.;kr ;kosr-

10- y?kqflapu izdYikP;k lks;h&lqfo/kkeqGs ¼38-67$14-66$8=½61-

33 VDds yksdkaps okf”kZd mRiUu :- 50]000@& rs 5]00]000@&

i;Zr vkgs-

64

11- y?kq flapu izdYikeqGs frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu lks;hpk ykHk

?ks.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaiSdh 61-33 VDds yksdkaps erkuqlkj R;kph

vkfFkZd fLFkrh lek/kkudkjd vkgs-

12- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy flapu lks;hps ykHk ?ks.kkÚ;k ‘ksrdÚ;kaiSdh

‘ksdMk 76-67 VDds yksdkaP;k erkuqlkj R;kapsdMs LFkk;h laIirh

vkgs vls lkaxhrys-

13- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ‘ksdMk 74-00 VDds ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k erkuqlkj

‘ksrh O;frfjDr yksdkauk vfrfjDr mRiUu izkIr gksrs-

14- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy 53-33 VDds yksdkaP;k erkuqlkj vfrfjDr

mRiUu izkIr gks.;kps L=ksr Eg.kts lgk¸;d O;olk; ¼tksM/kaMk½

gks; vls lkaxhrys- Eg.kwu ljdkjus ‘ksrdÚ;kauk tksM/kaMk

¼lgk¸;d O;olk;½ dj.;kr izksRlkghr djkos o vko’;d R;k

fBdk.kh R;kauk ;ksX; rh vkfFkZd enr djkoh-

15- frjksMk rkyqD;krhy 76-00 VDds yksd ¼’ksrdjh½ ;sFkhy flapu

O;oLFkscn~ny lek/kkuh vkgsr vls dGfoys-

16- xksafn;k ftYg;kr vksyhrk[kkyhy {ks= 46-08 VDds vkgs-

17- lu 1999&2000 ;k o”khZP;k vkdMsokjhuqlkj flapu foghjhph

la[;k 6651 brdh gksrh-

18- 85 VDds /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kaps jkg.kheku fud`”B ntkZps

vkgs- gs ‘ksrdjh vR;ar nkfjnz;kr thou txr vkgs- iz;Rukauh

g;k /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk nkfjnz;kaP;k nq”Vpdzkrqu ckgsj

dk<.ks ‘kD; vkgs- ek= R;kdfjrk Lor% ‘ksrdjh o ‘kklukP;k

izkekf.kd iz;Rukpah xjt vkgs-

19- mRiknukph loZ lk/kus ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ekydhph vlY;kl o

flapukph lks; vlY;kl izfr gsDVjh mRiknu [kpZ :Ik;s

72]800 ,so<k ;srks- gsDVjh ljkljh 35 fDaoVy mRiknu x`fgr

/kjY;kl /kkukpk izfr fDoaVy mRiknu [kpZ :-

2080@& ,o<k ;srks- g;kr 15 U;qure uQk feGfoY;kl izfr

fDoaVy /kkukpk mRiknu [kpZ :Ik;s 2392@& ,o<k ;srks-

65

izR;{kkr ,o<h fdaer ekxhy n’kdkr /kku mRikndkyk d/khgh

feGkyh ukgh-

20- tfeuhph mRiknu ‘kDrh dk;e Bso.;kdfjrk diksLV [kr fdaok

fgjoGhps [kr vko’;d vkgs- gYyh diksLV [krkph nqfeZGrk

fuekZ.k >kysyh vlY;keqGs fgjoGhps [kr okij.ks vko’;d >kys

vkgs- ijarq 90 VDds ‘ksrdjh fgjoGhps [kr okijr ukgh] vls

funZ’kukl vkys vkgs-

Lak’kks/kukP;k f’kQkjlh

1- flapu lks;haph miyC/krk iw.kZ djkoh- %&

^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼xksafn;k ftYgk½ y?kq flapu izdYikaps

d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku & ,d vH;kl** lnj fo”k;kps vH;kl

djrkauk vls funZ’kukl vkys dh flaphr ‘ksrtfeuhrhy d`”kh mRiknu

tkLr vlrs o R;ke/;s cgq mRiknu ?ksrk ;srs R;keqGs jkstxkjkP;k

vusd la/kh miyC/k vlrkr g;kmyV vflaphr ‘ksrtehu uSlfxZd

ikolkoj voyacqu vlY;keqGs ‘ksrekyd ;k ‘ksrtehuhoj iw.kZ

mRiknu ?kVdkapk okij djhr ukgh R;keqGs vflaphr ‘ksrh deh d`”kh

mRiknu gksrs o jkstxkjkP;k la/kh miyC/k gksr ukgh Eg.kwu ‘kklukus

‘ksrtehu iw.kZ flapuk[kkyh fg vls iz;Ru rkrMhus djkos- jM[kMysys

fdaok v/kZoV fdaok izLrkfor flapu izdYi yodjkr yodj iw.kZ

djkos ts.ksd:u laiw.kZ ‘ksrtehu flapuk[kkyh ;sbZy ;keqGs d`”kh

mRiUu ok< gksbZy] jkstxkjkP;k la/kh ok<rhy] yksdkaph Ø;’kDrh

ok<sy] vkfFkZd fodkl gksbZy vkf.k vkS|ksfxd fodklkyk pkyuk

feGsy vkf.k ns’kkps vkfFkZd mRiUu ok<sy-

2- fdlku dkWy lsaVjph LFkkiuk %& ns’kkarxZr loZ ‘ksrdÚ;kauk ‘ksrh

laca/kh vko’;d ekghrh ns.ks] ekxZn’kZu dj.;kP;k gsrqu s 21 tkusokjh

2004 iklqu fdlku dkWy lsaVj uked ;kstuk lq: dsY;k xsyh

vkgs- ;k varxZr ns’kkrhy 28 dkWy lsaVj e/kqu 1551 ;k Vksy fQz

66

dzekadko:u ldkGh 6 rs jk=h 10 i;Zar baxzth] fgUnh vkf.k

LFkkfud Hkk”kk e/kqu vko’;d ekfgrh o ekxZn’kZu miyC/k dsY;k

tkrs-

fdlku dkWy lsaVj izek.ksp xksafn;k ftYg;krhy d`”kh mRiUu

cktkj lferhuk lq/nk ftYgk Lrjkoj ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k ekxZn’kZuklkBh

fdlku dkWy lsaVjph LFkkiuk djkoh-

3- dk;Z{ke iz’kklu gos %&

flapu foHkkxkr mPp vf/kdkÚ;kauh lferhP;k iz’kklukr lqn`<rk

vk.kkoh- R;kauh dfu”B deZpkÚ;kaoj R;kpizek.ks ik.khokVi lferhe/khy

vU; lacf/kr i{kkaoj ;ksX; fu;a=.k Bsoys ikfgts-

4- jktdh; gLr{ksi ulkok %&

flapu foHkkxkr dk;Z dj.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk jktdkj.kkiklwu nwj

Bsokos- R;kuqlkj ljdkjus vko’;d O;oLFkk dsyh ikfgts- vls dsY;kl

deZpkjh oxZ vkiys dk;Z i{kikrhi.kkus dj.kkj ukgh-

flafpr {ks= ok<.;kps mik;%&

a miyC/k ik.;kOnkjs flafpar {ks= ok<fo.;klkBh lgk ekxZ vkgs-

1- Hkwi`”Bkojhy okgwu tk.kkjs ikolkps tkLrhr tkLr ik.kh vMowu

flapuklkBh ik.;kpk lkBk dj.ks-

2- tfeuhr eqjysys ik.kh ;ksX; fBdk.kh foghjh [kksnwu flapuklkBh

miyC/k dj.ks-

3- flapuklkBh miyC/k >kysys ik.kh dkVdljhus okijkos-

4- flapu fdaok fcxj flapuklkBh okijysys ik.kh vko’;d rh

izfØ;k d:u iqu’p flapuklkBh okijkos-

5- deh ik.kh okij.kkÚ;k o tkLr mRiknu ns.kkÚ;k ck.kkaph fuoM

dj.ks-

6- ck”ihHkou deh d:u rso<;kp ik.;kr flafpr {ks= ok<fo.ks-

67

flapuklkBh miyC/k >kysys ik.kh dkVdljhus okij.;k ckcr

[kkl iz;Ru djkos ykxrhy- rls djrkuk [kkrsnkjkaP;k O;fDrxr

ykHkkpk fud”k u ykork tkLrhr tkLr yksdkauk ykHk Ogkok gk mÌs’k

MksG;kleksj Bsokok ykxsy-

‘ksrdÚ;kaph vkfFkZd fLFkrh lq/kkj.;klkBh brj f’kQkjlh %&

1½ vR;Yi o vYi Hkw&/kkjd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk 75 VDds vuqnkukoj o

brj /kku mRiknd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk 50 VDds vuqnkukoj ‘ksrhdfjrk

fo|qr iqjoBk djkok-

2½ vR;Yi o vYiHkq/kkjd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk d`”kh;a=s o fc;k.ks 75 VDds

vuqnkukoj iqjfo.;kr ;kos-

3½ vkS”k/kkP;k fdaerh fu;a=hr vlkO;k vkf.k vR;Yi o vYi &

Hkq&/kkjdkauk vkS”k/kkpk eksQr iqjoBk dj.;kr ;kok-

4½ ‘ksrdÚ;kalkBh fuo`RRkh HkR;kaph O;oLFkk djkoh-

5½ fo’ks”k vkfFkZd {ks=kizek.ks d`”kh vkfFkZd {ks=kaph fuehZrh djkoh-

6½ /kkukP;k ladfjr fc;k.;kaph fdaer U;wure vlkoh-

7½ flapukP;k lks;h ok<owu R;k foukewY; fdaok lgdkjh rRokoj

miyC/k d:u |kO;k-

8½ vR;Yi o vYiHkw/kkjd ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fo|qr eksVkjh 75 VDds

vuqnkukoj iqjokO;k-

9½ tqusryko [kksy d:u ik.;kph lkBo.kwd {kerk ok<okoh-

68

10½ vR;Yi o vYiHkw/kkjdkauk R;kaP;k ‘ksrki;Zr eksQr fo|qr ykbZu

Vkdwu fnyh ikfgts] dkj.k gs ‘ksrdjh nkjhnz;keqGs fo|qr eaMGkpk

vkdkj Hk: ‘kdr ukghr-

11½ xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy fo|qr iqjoBk lrr lq: Bsokok-

12½ flapukP;k lks;he/;s ok< dj.;kr ;koh ‘kD; gksbZy rsFks ^milk

flapu ;kstuk* jkcfo.;kr ;koh-

egkjk"Vª ty flapu vk;ksxkP;k egRokP;k f'kQkjlh

1- Ikk.;kP;k fofo/k iz;kstukFkZ gks.kkÚ;k okijke/;s leUo; Bso.;kph

tckcnkjh Li”Vi.ks ,dk ¼ikVca/kkjs½ [kkR;kdMs vlkoh-

2- tylaiRrhP;k fodklkps fu;kstu o ;oLFkkiu djkos-

3- uSlfxZd vuqdwyrsuqlkj deh [kpkZr ts fidsy rsp fidokos-

ik.;kph miyC/krk o gokeku ;kuqlkj vuqdwy fidkaP;k

fu;kstyukckcrpk ri’khy Bjokok-

4- tfeuhP;k vk/kqfud ‘kkL=h; oxhZdj.kkuqlkj xkofugk; udk’ks

r;kj dj.;kpk dk;ZØe yodj jkcfoyk tkok-

5- tfeuhP;k ‘kkL=h; oxhZdj.kkpk mi;ksx d:u flapukP;k

ik.;kps {ksf=; fu;kstu o fu;eu djkos ykxsy-

6- tyk’k;krhy miyC/krsr o”kZfugk; 20 VDds i;Zr cny >kyk

rjh flapu {ks=kr cny d: u;s] ladYihr loZ {ks=kl ik.kh

deh d:u ?;kos-

7- flapu {ks=krhy ‘ksrhekykP;k lkBo.kqdhaiSdh dksBkjs o f’krx`gs

;kaph mHkkj.kh mRiknu {ks=ktoG ykHk{ks= fodkl dk;ZØekpk

,d Hkkx Eg.kwu ^lgdkjh ladqykr* dsyh tkoh-

8- flapu izdYikP;k ykHks{ks=krhy d`f”k mRiUu cktkj lferhoj

ikVca/kkjs o d`f”k [kkR;kaps izfrfu/kh vlkosr] ;klkBh egkjk”Vª

[kjsnh foØh fu;ekar ;ksX; rks cny djkok-

69

9- ^flapu {ks=* gs ihd jpusuqlkj cnyrs vlY;keqGs] R;k ,soth

îzdYikpk ik.khlkBh* gk fud”k ykowu ik.kh okij izdYikaps

lq/kkjhr oxhZdj.k [kkyhyizek.ks :< djkos-

d½ eksBs izdYi & 100 n-y-?k-eh- is{kk vf/kd mi;qDr lkBo.k

dj.kkjs

[k½ e/;e izdYi & 10 n-y-?k-eh- is{kk vf/kd o 100 n-y-?k-eh-

i;Zar mi;qDr lkBo.k dj.kkjs

x½ y?kq izdYi & 1 n-y-?k-eh- is{kk vf/kd o 10 n-y-?k-eh-

i;Zar mi;qDr lkBo.k dj.kkjs

?k½ LFkkfud ¼xzkeLrj½&1 n-y-?k-eh- i;Zarpk mi;qDr lkBk dj.kkjs

izdYi-

16- dsanzh; ou o i;kZoj.k lYykxkj lferhps fodanzhdj.k gks.ks

vko’;d vkgs- f’kok; î;kZoj.k lferh* o ôu [kkR;kdMhy

tfeuhph lferh* ;k nksUgh osxosxG;k lfeR;ke/;s jk”Vªh;

fodklkP;k ,danj xjtkaps Hkku vl.kkÚ;k rKkaph mifLFkrh

vR;ar vko’;d vkgs- v’;k lfeR;k izns’k fugk; djkO;kr-

17- okVk?kkVhus fdaer Bjfo.;klkBh xkookj lferh vlkoh] T;ke/;s

‘ksrekydkaps izfrfu/kh] ikVca/kkjs [kkrs] eglwy [kkrs] o ‘ksrh

[kkrs ;krhy vf/kdkjh o LFkkuhd lsokHkkoh laLFkkaP;k izfrfu/khapk

lekos’k vlkok- R;k Hkkxkrhy vuqHkoh o rK v’;k v’kkldh;

o vjktdh; O;Drhl v’kk lehrhpk v/;{k Eg.kwu usekos- ;k

lferhus Bjfoysys nj vafre jkgkosr- ;k fo:/n vihy mPp

U;k;ky;krp nk[ky djrk ;kos-

18- izdYi iw.kZ dj.;kph tckcnkjh vl.kkÚ;k ikVca/kkjs ;a=.ksojp

iw.kZr% iquolZUkkP;k dkekphgh tckcnkjh lksiokoh-

19- iquolZukP;k dkekoj ns[kjs[k o ekxZn’kZu dj.;klkBh lqtk.k o

lkekftd cka/khydhph tk.k vl.kkÚ;k] lsokHkkoh o`Rrhus dkes

dj.kkÚ;k izdYi ijhljkrhy vjktdh;] v’kkldh;] eaMGhaph

,d lYYkxkj lferh vlkoh-

70

20- T;k fud”kkoj izdYi eatwj >kyk rh l adfYir mfÌ”Vs iw.kkZ’kkus

lk/; >kyh rjp izdYi iw.kZ >kyk v’kh O;kid O;k[;k

fLodkjkoh- dsoG cka/kdkekph iwrZrk gs mfÌ”V u Bsork ladfYir

flapu{kerk] ykHks{ks=krhy dkes o izdYi fu;kstukr x`ghr

/kjysyh lkekftd o vkfFkZd] rkaf=d o d`f”k mRiknu fo”k;d

mfÌ”Vs lk/; >kyh vlrhy rjp rks iw.kZ >kysyk izdYi

letkok- rkaf=d] lkekftd] vkfFkZd v’kk frUgh xjtkaph lkaxM

?kkywu R;kyk vuq:i v’kh la?kVukRed Qsjjpuk izdYi O;oLFksr

vaeaykr vk.kkoh-

21- dkyO;krhy ogu O;; ekst.;klkBh ,d Lora= ;a=.kk e/;orhZ

laLFksdMs vl.ks vko’;d vkgs- v’kk laLFksus fdeku ngk o”kkZrwu

,dnk izR;sd eksB;k o e/;e izdYikP;k dkyO;kpk ogu O;;

Bjowu ?;kok-

22- ik.;kP;k viO;; o ck”ihHkou VkG.ks vkf.k rq”kkj o fBacd

lkj[;k flapu i/nrhl pkyuk ns.ks ;klkBh uyhdkaOnkjs ik.kh

forj.k i/nrh clfo.ks mi;qDr jkg.kkj vkgs- ;kdjhrk ykx.kkjk

HkkaMoyh [kpZ ik.kh okij laLFkkauh djkok o R;kyk va’kr%

vuqnku nsowu gh i/nrh ‘kklukus izksRlkghr djkoh-

23- tyk’k;kP;k ik.;kph xq.koRrk fVdfo.;klkBh xkGisj {ks=kr

ykxoMhl ijokuxh nsrkauk rsFks jklk;fud [krkaP;k o fdVd

uk’kdkaP;k okijkl iw.kZi.ks canh ?kkykoh-

24- flapuklkBh ik.kh QDr YkkHk/kkjdkaP;k lgdkjh ik.kh okij

laLFkkaukp |kos- dks.kR;kgh Lokra= [kkrsnkjkl ik.kh eatwj dsys

tkÅ u;s- ;klkBh flapu dk;|kr t:j rh nq:Lr djkoh-

25- Hkwtykojhy flapukP;k okf”kZd ekst.khph vf/kd O;ogk;Z o

leqfpr v’kh i/nr Hkwty losZ{k.k ;a=.kk] eglwy [kkrs o

ikVca/kkjs [kkrs ;kP;k la;qDr lgerhus yodj :< djkoh-

26- eksB;k o e/;e izdYikaP;k ykHk{ks=krhy rykokapk tylarqyu o

lkBo.k Eg.kwu mi;ksx djkok R;klkBh vls ryko laca/khr

izdYikaP;k O;oLFkkiu ;a=.ksdMs gLrkarjhr djkosr-

71

27- T;k Hkkxkr flapu izdYi vkfFkZd n`”V;k l{ke gksr ulrhy o

ik.kyksV {ks= fodkl dk;ZØe ?ks.;klkBh gh oko ulsy] v’;k

Hkkxkr flapu izdYi vkfFkZd n`”V;k l{ke gks.;klkBh flapu

izdYike/;s ;s.kkÚ;k vkfFkZd rqVhalaca/kh rsFkhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk dYiuk

nsowu rs tj fg rqV ik.khokij laLFkkaP;k xqaro.kwdhP;k ek/;ekrwu

Hk:.k dk<.;kl r;kj gksrhy rj] r’kk izdkjP;k xaqro.kwdhph

rjrwn o O;oLFkk d:u flapu izdYi gkrh ?ks.;kr ;kosr- rlsp

;keqGs ‘ksrdÚ;kadMwu tkLr njkus ik.khiV~Vh olwy djkoh ykxsy-

;kckcrph iwoZ dYiuk loZ ykHk/kkjdkauk ns.;kr ;koh-

28- T;k Hkkxkr flapukpk okij deh vkgs- R;k Hkkxkr okij

ok<fo.;kP;k n`”Vhus ‘ksrdÚ;kae/;s tkx:drk fuekZ.k dj.;klkBh

iwoZ izf’k{k.kkoj Hkj ns.;kr ;kok- R;klkBh vko’;d rh

vk/kkjHkwr lajpuk izdYikP;kp iwoZ r;kjhpk Hkkx Eg.kwu fuekz.k

djkoh-

29- y?kq ikVca/kkjs izdYi fuoMrkauk T;k izns’kkr flapukpk vuq’ks”k

vf/kd vkgs] v’kk fonHkZ] ejkBokMk o dksd.k ;k izns’kkrhy

izdYikauk vkf.k vo”kZ.kizo.k {ks= o vkfnoklh {ks=kauk izk/kkU;

|kos-

30- izdYikaP;k ns[kHkkyhlkBh ykx.kkjs vuqnku Bjfo.;klkBh dks.krs

fud”k okijkosr] rlsp izdYikph O;kIrh] izdYi {ks=krhy

gokeku bR;knh ?kVdkaP;k ns[kHkkyhoj dk; ifj.kke gksrks ;kP;k

vH;klklkBh ,d vH;klxV usekok o /kj.k] eq[; dkyos]

forj.k O;oLFkk bR;knhaP;k ns[kHkkyhlkBh osxosxGs fud”k Bjokosr-

31- ik.khiV~Vh olwyhP;k laca/kh eglwy [kkR;krhy vf/kdkÚ;kauk

olqyh laca/kh vlysys vf/kdkj ikVca/kkjs [kkR;krhy vf/kdkÚ;kauk

iq.kZr% ns.;kr ;kosr-

32- ik.khiV~Vhph Fkdckdh gh tfeu eglwyhph Fkdckdh Eg.kwu

let.;kr ;koh] o R;k izek.ks olwyh dj.;kP;k dk;Zokghps

vf/kdkj ikVca/kkjs [kkR;krhy vf/kdkÚ;kauk ns.;kr ;kosr-

72

lekjksi %& ^^frjksMk rkyqD;krhy ¼ft- xksafn;k½ y?kq flapu izdYiakps

d`”kh fodklkr ;ksxnku & ,d vH;kl**] lnj y?kq ‘kks/k izca/kukpk

vH;kl djrkauk vls y{kkr vkys dh] leL;k d/khp lair ulrkr-

orZZeku ifjfLFkrh o izpfyr leL;k y{kkr ?ksrk izLrqr y?kq’kks/k

izca/k iw.kZ dj.;kpk iz;Ru dsysyk vkgs- rjhi.k viw.kZrk jkg.kkjp]

dkj.k dh viw.kZrse/kwup uohu la’kks/ku dk;Z djrk ;srs- izLrqr

fo”k;kpk ojhy izek.ks laiw.kZ vH;kl dsY;kuarj la’kks/kudrkZ ;k

fu”d”kkZoj iksgpyk vkgs dh] tj flapufoHkkx] ljdkj o lacaf/kr

foHkkxkrhy vf/kdkjh ;kauh ojhy f’kQkj’kh dk;kZUohr dsY;kl orZeku

leL;k vMp.kh o vfu;ferrk nwj gksÅ ‘kdrhy- o frjksMk

rkyqD;krhy ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vf/kd fodkl lk/krk ;sbZy- R;keqGs

lektkP;k o jk”VªkP;k fodklkyk pkyuk feGsy-

‘ksoVh la’kks/ku dR;kZyk gsp Li”V djk;ps vkgs dh] ns’kkrhy

fofo/k flapu lks;h e/;s ok< dsY;kl o R;kaps ;ksX; O;oLFkkiu

dsY;kl ‘ksrdÚ;kaP;k vkfFkZd fodklkr egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku iznku

dj.;klkBh flapu lks;he/;s >ikV;kus ok< dj.ks gh dkGkph xjt

vkgs- rlsp ns’kkrhy izyachr v/kZoV vlysY;k flapu lks;haph rkrMhus

iw.kZr% dj.;kr ;koh ts.ksd:u ns’kkr ^^lqtyke lqQyke** fnol

yodj fnlwu ;srhy- ‘ksrdÚ;kaph vkfFkZd o lkekftd izfr”Bk ok<owu]

‘ksrdjh ‘ksrh dj.;kl iqUgk Lo[kq’khus r;kj gksbZy fg ckc

‘ksrdÚ;kalkBh] lektklkBh o ns’kklkBh Hkw”k.kh; vkgs- ‘ksoVh ghp

vis{kk djrks dh ns’kkrhy izR;sd ‘ksrdÚ;kyk yodjkr yodj flapu

lks;hpk iw.kZ ykHk izkIr gksbZy o R;kaP;k d`”kh mRiknukyk ;ksX; Hkko

izkIr gksbZy-

73

lanHkZ xzaFk lwph

v-dz- iqLrd dk uke ys[kd@ izdk'ku

1 xksafn;k ftYgk xkSjo fnus’k u[kkrs] Jh eaxs’k izdk’ku

2 fonHkkZph vFkZO;oLFkk izk- ,e- ch- oS|] Jh eaxs’k

izdk’ku ukxiwj & 400010

3 Ekgkjk”Vª 2004 MkW- larks”k nkLrkus] nkLrkus jkepanz

vkf.k da- iw.ks & 30

4 Hkkr’ksrh MkW- oklqnso cGoar jkgqMdj]

iatkcjko d`”kh fo|kihB] vdksyk

5 d`f”klaokfnuh 2010 iatkcjko d`”kh fo|kihB] vdksyk

6 d`f”k izca/k vkSj d`f”k

cktkjhdj.k

MkW- jkts’k eksguyky pkaMd lk;cj

VSad ifCyds’kUl 4264@3]

nfj;kxat ubZ fnYyh 110002

7 xzkeh.k fodkl ,oa

fo|qr eaMy

MkW- lat; frokjh] MkW- ‘kSyizHkk

dks”Vk] dju isij cSDl] ubZ fnYyh

110002

8 i;kZoj.kh; vFkZ’kkL=&

fl/nkar vkf.k

mi;kstu

dVj flag] vfuy f’k’kksfn;k

cqDl lsYl] eFkqjk jksM] iksLVckDl

7] ubZ fnYyh&110044

9 xzkeh.k fodkl

rRos/kksj.ks vkf.k

O;oLFkkiu

dVj flag] vfuy f’k’kksfn;k

cqDl lsYl] eFkqjk jksM] iksLVckDl

7] ubZ fnYyh&110044

10 Lkkekftd vuqla/kku

rFkk losZ{k.k

MkW- ,l- vkj- oktis;h fdrkc ?kj]

vkpk;Z uxj dkuiqj&03

11 ‘kk’or fodklkps

iap?kVd

MkW- dSykl ujgjh coys

m”kk&vfuy izdk’ku lsukirh ckiV

jksM] iq.ks&16

12 Irrigated Agriculture and social change

Bishnu C. Barik

Vikash Publishing House Put.ltd.

E-28, sector-8, Noida-201301

13 Global History of Dams & Rivers

N.K. Sinha

ALP Books, 7/33, Ansari Rood, Daryaganj- New Delhi -110002

74

14 Analy of Irrigation water & Soil

Bharat B. Garara,

Cyber Tech. Publications, 4264/3, Daryaganj– New Delhi – 110002

15 Hkkjrh; vFkZ’kkL= :nz nRr ds- ih- ,e- lqUnje]

,l- panz ifCyds’ku d- yh- fnYyh

16 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk iwjh] fgeky;k ifCyds’ku gkÅl

ubZ fnYyh

17 Hkkjrh; vFkZ’kkL= MkW- nslkbZ] MkW- lkS- Hkkysjko] fujkyh

izdk’ku iq.ks

18 Jekps vFkZ’kkL= MkW- izHkkdj ns’keq[k] fo|k izdk’ku

ukxiwj

19 Hkkjrh; vFkZ’kkL= MkW- Jh/kj ns’kikaMs] MkW- fouk;d

ns’kikaMs] fgeky;k ifCyds’ku gkÅl

ukxiqj

20 d`f”k vFkZ’kkL= MkW- ihds xqIRkk] oànk ifCyds’ku

izk- fy- e;qj fogkj Qst fnYyh

21 Je vFkZ’kkL= ,oa

vkS|ksfxd lca/k

MkW- Vh- ,u- Hkxksyhoky] izseyrk

Hkxksyhoky] lkfgR; Hkou] fnYyh

22 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk ch-,y- vks>k] jes'k cqd Msiks

fnYyh@vkxjk

23 lkekftd la’kks/ku

i/nrh

MkW- iznhi vkxykos] Jh lkbZukFk

izdk’ku] ukxiwj

24 la'kks/ku i/nrh MkW- xaxk/kj fo- dk;ns ikVhy]

pSrU; ifCyds’ku] xaxkiqj jksM

ukf’kd

25 la'kks/ku i/nrh MkW- ok- Hkk- ikfVy] iz'kkar

ifCyds’ku] tGxkao

26 Cost Accounting V.S.P.Rao, Vrinda Publication, Delhi

27 Cost Accounting M.Y. Khan, P.K. Jain,Tata MC Graw Hill

Education Private Limited

75

28 fodklkps vFkZ’kkL=

vkf.k fu;kstu

izk- ds- ,e- Hkkslys] izk-ds- ch-

dkVs] QMds izdk’ku] iq.ks

29 flapu vgoky egkjk”Vª ‘kklu

30 d`”kh i.ku fe=

;kstuk] vFkZeaFku]

‘ksrdjh] yksdeaFku

31 www.msamb.com

www.agri.costand price

commition.com

http://www.msamb.com/

http://www.agri.costand/

Documents

izdj.k ifgys - gscen.shikshamandal.orggscen.shikshamandal.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Final_Sinchan...1 izdj.k ifgys izLrkouk] mn~ns’k o egRo izkLrkouk % Hkkjr gk d`”kh iz/kku