KN:ebskkm#Gci+¿n-y +nRbeTskm>¨Ca RbcaMenAshRbCaCati · KN:ebskkm#Gci+Rn-y_+nRbeTskm¨>CaRbcaMshRbCaCati TMB&r 5 Gg`GvtaRBHvis=¨RTg'Kg'enAelIsIrsanaK+nsmuRTsaKr

KN:ebskkm#Gci+¿n-y_+nRbeTskm>¨Ca RbcaMenAshRbCaCati

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TMB&r 2 kMNt'GMBIbJ$aRBHvihar

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Publié par / Reproduced by ÉDITION APSARA

Montréal, Québec H1W 3G7 Téléphone : 514-596-0896 Télécopieur : 514-596-1423

Courriel / Email : [email protected]

erobcMdMkl'TukRtwmRtUvtamc?ab'enA

bN=al&yCatinigmNÎldMkl'Sksarekbik bN=al&yCatikaNada

RtImasTI3 K«s« 2001 B«s« 2545

Dépôt légal Bibliothèque et archives nationales Québec

Bibliothèque nationale du Canada 3è trimestre 2001

ISBN 2-9222202-11-9

All Rights Reserved rkßasiTÏiRKb'y"ag Tous droits réservés

KN:ebskkm#Gci+Rn-y_+nRbeTskm¨>CaRbcaMshRbCaCati TMB&r 3

KN:ebskkm#Gci+¿n-y_+nRbeTskm>¨Ca RbcaMGg`karshRbCaCati

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mu"gerGal'ñ ekbik kaNada

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dI;NËÎcinVraMgEdlmanelak KUrvrNIhßeNra"l GaRs&yenARkughaNUyCaRbmux .

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PM~RBHvihar

cMENkRbeTsVraMgk*VnRbKl'{!eTARbeTsesom nUvext-dan'say nigext-Rtat' RBmTaMgekaHTaMg Gs'Edlsi/tenAxagtÒËgeRCayELnlwg edayrab'cUlTaMgekaHkutpg . sniÏsJÔaVnEcgfa karkMNt'RBM Ednd*Cak'lak'+nEdndITaMgLayEdlRbKl'{!mkenHnwgRtUvKN:km#karcMruHmYyCaG~keFI¡k~¨gry:eBl4Extamkarsc(ab&n~+nsniÏsJÔa . BiFIkarEdldak'Pðab'mknwgsniÏsJÔabJðak'nUvcMNucd*FM@TaMgLay+nkarkMNt'RBMRbTl'EdnedImIÒ{!KN:

km#karkargarnwgeFI¡karenaH . cab'BIcMNucmYyEdlsi/tenAelIPM~dgErkeTAdl'Jk'kN-alp,ËvCacen,aHRck eQ#aHcugtaeka nigRckeQ#aHcugsaeft RBMRbTl'EdnRbRBwt-eTAtambnÊat'EbgEckTwkrvagTen,sab nigTen, emkugmYyEp~k ehIynigTen,NaMmYnmYyEp~k rYceTAdl'Ten,emkugCaxageRkamb"HmYn Rtg'mat'Jm+v"DU eday GnuelamtamtRmayEdlKN:km#karxagkarEckRBMEdnelIkmunkalBI+f©TI15mkra1907 VnGnum&tenaH . KMnUsRJgsegÓb+nRBMRbTl'EdndUcVnBNànaxagelIenHmandak'Cab'mknwgBiFIbc(¨bÒn~enH . 6á sniÏsJÔaxagmit-PaBxagJNiCðkm#nigkgnavacr cuH+f©TI14kum§:1925 Ý sniÏsJÔaenHbJðak'

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kic(RBmeRBogsMruHsMrYlNamYyenaH RtUvdak'CUneTA{!G~kGaCççakN-alm~ak'ÍeRcInnak' CYyvinic&<yÍebIK#anG~k GaCçakN-aleTRtUvdak'CUneTAsalatulakarGci+¿n-y_Gn-rCatiÈRbkarTI2É .

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sniÏsJÔa cuH+f©TI3tula1893 k~¨gGnus JÔacuH +f©TI13kum§:1904 nigk~¨gsniÏsJÔa

cuH+f©TI23mina1907 ehIynigBiFIkarrbs'x,ÁnEdlenACab'CamYyenaHecj . 7á GnusJÔacuH+f©TI25sIha1926 Ý GnusJÔaenH sMercnUvkarkMNt'RBMRbTl'EdnxagTen,emkug

rvagRbeTsesomnigRbeTs;NÎËcin ehIybegI}t{!manshRbtibti-karmYyrvagRbeTsTaMgBIr xagRkumRBH nKrVl nigxagsni-suxenAtamTen, .

8á sniÏsJÔamit-PaBxagJNiCðkm#nignavacr cuH+f©TI7F~Ë1937 Ý sniÏsJÔaenHbJðak'bEn/mCafI#


elIRBMRbTl'EdnEx#ráesom EdlVnkMNt'TukrYcehIyBIeBlmun RBmTaMgrkßaTuk{!enACaFrmany"agdac' xat cMeJHcMNucenHnUv GnusJÔa1904 nig GnusJÔa1907 ÈRbkarTI22É .

9á GnusJÔasni-PaBrvagRbeTsVraMgnigRbeTsesomÈ+f©TI9[sPa1940É Ý GnusJÔaenHVnTTYl karcuHht/elxaenARkugtUk¥ËtamGn-raKmn_+nRbeTsCb"unEdlVntMrUv{!manyuTÏsni-PaB edImIÒbJ]b'karRbTU s-rayEdlRbeTs+fVnRbRBwt-RbqaMgnwgRbeTskm>¨Ca KWfaRbqaMgnwgVraMgenHSg k~¨gExvici<ka1940 . tamGnusJÔaenH rd%aPiVlVraMgenARkugrIsI$ edaymankarbgMÓBIRbeTsCb"un VnRtUvlHbg'ecalnUvext-

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10á kic(RBmeRBogV"raMgáesomEdlTTYlkarcuHht/elxaenA+f©TI17vici<ka1942 naRkugva"sIunetan Ý kic(RBmeRBogenHrMlayecalnUvGnusJÔa cuH+f©TI9[sPa1940 Edlrd%aPiVlVraMgVnbdiesFecal

k~¨geBlmux ehIys/abnaCafI#eLIgvijnUvcÒab'cas'EdlekItmanmunGnusJÔaenH ÈRbkar2É . Rbkar2 bJðak'fa ehtudUec~H EdndI;NÎËcinCakm#vt/¨+nGnusJÔaenHRtUvepÊrmk{!raCkarVraMg . kic(

RBmeRBogbJðak'fakic(RVRs&yTak'TgxagkarTUtVnRtUvs/abnaeLIgvijehIykarTak'TgrvagRbeTsVraMgnig RbeTsesomk*RtUvmanCafI#eLIgvijtamsniÏsJÔacuH+f©TI7F~Ë1937 . kic(RBmeRBogVnbJðak'm"!ageTotfa xageRkaykarepÊrTwkdIEdlVnRbKl'{!k~¨geBlmunm-gehIyenaH manKN:km#karbRgYbbRgYmmYyVnTTYl karBinit!eRKOgsMGagxagCatiBinÏ¨xagPUmisaRs-nigxagesd%kic(+nKUvivaT edImIÒerIBinit!CafI# ÍbJðak'bEn/mnUv xTaMgLay+nsniÏsJÔacuH+f©TI1tula1993+nGnusJÔacuH+f©TI13kum§:1904 nig sniÏsJÔacuH+f©TI23mina 1907 EdlsniÏsJÔacuH+f©TI7F~Ë1937ÈRbkar3É VnrkßaTuk{!enACaFrman . KNkm#karenHVnrYmRb CMuK~aenAq~aM1947 . eRkaykarBinit!bJ$ad*sB¡RKb' KN:km#karVnsMerccit-fa mincaMVc'Binit!RBMRbTl' EdnCafI#eLIgvijeLIy . KN:km#karmanCaBiessnUvG~kdMNagEx#rá+f nigVraMgCasmaCik .

4á Rbvt-ierOgvivaT+nRBHvihar

enAxagedIm mancgÌ¨lRVb'fa GnusJÔacuH+f©TI13kum§:1904 VnbJðak'nUvbnÊat'RBMRbTl'EdnrvagRb eTs+fnigRbeTskm>¨Ca ehIyVnRJgbegI}tKN:km#karcMruH TTYlkarxagkMNt'bnÊat'RBMRbTl'EdnenH .

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k~¨gtMbn'RBHvihar bnÊat'RBMRbTl'EdnVnsMercrYcehIytamGnusJÔaq~aM1904 ehIyVnTaMgbJðak'k~¨g {kasRbtibti-GnusJÔaenaH eRJHtMbn'enHeTACatMbn'Ex#rrYcehIyCaeRsc munkarRtLb'RbKl'{!CafI#m-geTot enAq~aM1907enaH .


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dUec~H edayGnuelamtamGnusJÔacuH+f©13kum§:1904 KN:km#karcMruHTaMgLayVnRtUveKtaMg{!man eLIg edImIÒsMercbnÊat'RBMRbTl'Edn{!VneTogTat' . Rbkar3+nGnusJÔaVnEcgfa RbeTsVraMg nigRb eTsesom RtUvEtgtaMgnayTahanTaMgLayedImIÒ{!eF¡ICasmaCik+nKN:km#karxagelIenH ehIykargar+n KN:km#karnwgRtUvRbRBwt-eTAEtcMeJHRBMRbTl'EdnEdlVnsMercehIyk~¨gRbkar1 Rbkar2 +nsniÏsJÔaRBm TaMgRbRBwt-eTAcMeJHEtelItMbn'EdlmanenACacen,aHTen,sabnigsmuRT .

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TI18 nigTI19mkra1907 cuH+f©TI2tula1907 . mancgÌ¨lRVb'k~¨gesckI-kt'ehtuTaMgenaHfa k~¨gtMbn'PM~dgErk bnÊat'RBMRbTl'EdnrlaycUlCamYy

bnÊat'EbgEckTwk . KN:km#karEdlVnrYmRbCMuedImIÒGnuvt-n_sniÏsJÔaq~aM1907 ÈeBlRbCMucugeRkaybgÌs' enA+f©TI6mifuna

1908É VnEcgfakareVHeKalVneFI¡rYcehIysMrab'RBMRbTl'EdnTaMgGs' rvag;NÎËcin nigRbeTsesom . manesckI-bJðak'CaBiessfa eKalsJÔaRBMRbTl'EdnCasIum"g' CaEdkÍCaeQI mantaMgenARtg'cMNuc

FM@x,H+nRBMRbTl'Edn . bJIðraynamEdlmandak'Pðab'mknwgesckI-kt'ehtucuH+f©TI6mifuna1908 eJlrab'cMNucTaMgenaHb"uEn-

;tmaneXIjrab'RBHviharpgeLIy . minEtb"ueN=aHesat kal:eTs:EdlKYr{!s-ayenHVnTaMgeFI¡{!eXIj fa kardaMeKal;tmanVneFI¡k~¨gtMbn'enaHeLIy .

m"!ageTot KN:km#karVnTaMgRJgeFI¡EpnTImYyEdlmanRBMRbTl'EdnTaMgGs'rvag;NÎËcinnigRbeTs

RBMEdnEx#ráesomenadMbn'RBHviharÈGnusJÔa1904É

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esom edayeRbISksarkargarxageFI¡EdnTI karRtayp,Ëvf~l' Btàmanepßg@TaMgGs' . EpnTIRtUvEtbJðak'{!eXIjedayKMnUsnUvesckI-sMerccit-+nKN:km#karcMruH edaycuHk~¨gbJIðy"agd*Rtwm

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sI-BIkMNt'RBMRbTl'Edn . SksarenHmanRVMsnw,k 1Ü200«000 Edlmandak'sarVnfa ÅEpnTI+nKN: km#karkMNt'RBMRbTl'Ednrvag;NËÎcinnigRbeTsesomÇ . EpnTIenHVns/abnaeLIgCaBIreBl Ý

1á EpnTIelIkdMbUg Vns/abnaeLIgedayGnuvt-n_GnusJÔacuH+f©TI13kum§:1904 ehIyEdlsi/tenA eRkamkardwknaM+nelak lIyWutWNg'kULËENlEb^rNa . EpnTIenHmanRBMRbTl'EdnfI#TaMgGs' BIsmuRTeTA Ten,emkug edayGnuelamtamBiBNàna enAk~¨gRbkar1á2 nig3 +nGnusJÔaenaH .

2á EpnTITIBIr VnRtUvKN:ebskkm#m"ugh&`r ÈMission montguersÉ CaG~ks/abnaeLIg tamsniÏsJÔa cuH+f©TI23mina1907 ehIyk~¨gsniÏsJÔaenH RbeTsesomVnRbKl'dl'RbeTsVraMg nUvTwkdId*sMxan'@Ca eRcInEdlenAEp~kxaglic+nRbeTskm>¨Ca . EpnTITI2enH eTAcb'RtwmCYrPM~dgErkRtg'cMNucEdltRmayfI# ÈenAq~aM1907É yktamRBMRbTl'Edncas'ÈenAq~aM1904É rhUtdl'Ten,emkug ;tmanEkERbGI¡eLIy .

GMBIRBHvihar

sniÏsJÔa1907 minVneFI¡esckI-EkERbGI¡mYycMeJHTIkEn,genaHeT KWfaRtUvsi/tenAdEdltamesckI-sM erc+nGnusJÔa1904 . dUec~H RtUvriHrkTIkEn,gRBHviharenHk~¨gSksarTI1 dUcVneJlxagelI ehIyCaBi essRtUvemIlk~¨gsnw,k 1Ü200«000 Edlmandak'sarVnfa ÅdgErkÇ Èmandak'Cab'mkenHÉ .

SkarBinit!snw,kenH bg$ajPs-¨tagy"agCak'cÒas'fa tMbn'RBHviharsi/tenAk~¨gEdndIEx#r . m"!ageTot manEpnTIesommYy 1Ü200«000 EdlRkumPUmisaRs-esomVns/abnaeLIg . BitEmnEt

EpnTIenaHeFI¡edaysegÓb k*snw,kelx44+nEpnTIenaH EdlsI-BIRBMRbTl'EdnenAdgErk cuHnieTÊsd*BitRV kdfa TIkEn,gRVsaTRBHvihar si/tenABÏd*xagk~¨gEdndIEx#r .

EpnTIesomenH EdlpßaymkBIRkumkargar+nKN:km#karxagkMNt'RBMEdn bg$ajP&s-¨tag{!eXIjfa raCkaresomVnTTYlsàl'Cap,ËvkarnUvdMbn'RBHvihar faCadMbn'manlkÓN:CaEx#r . Ep~kTaMgBIr+nEpnTIVraMg nigEpnTIesomBitCamansPaBminRsbK~aeT b"uEn-bg$aj{!eXIjfa mankarRbhak'RbEhlK~aCaeRcIn . eRJH RVsaTRBHviharmankMNt'y"agCak'cÒas'k~¨gEpnTITaMgBIrenaH .

RBMRbTl'EdnenACaxageCIgdac'Nat'BIRVsaTRBHvihar cm©ayRbEhl500Em"Rt . karRbEhlK~a+n SksarTaMgBIrxagelIbJðak'{!eXIjd*BitRVkdfa KUrTaMgsgxagÈesomnigVraMgÉVnRBmeRBogCamYyK~aTuk


RBHviha{!si/tenAEdndIEx#r . sUmCMrabfa EpnTI+nsn!anuPaB 1Ü100«000 EdlCakars/abnarbs'GaCIvkm#xagftrUb xagGakas

1Ü50«000 nwgCakars/abna+nkarBRgIkEpnTI 1Ü200«000 rbs'KN:km#karxagkMNt'RBMEdn kMNt' tRmayRBMEdntamdMeNIrEdlfaRVsaTRBHviharsi/tenAk~¨gEdndIEx#renaH .


CaTIbMput edImIÒbJðak'karBinit!xagEpnTIenH eKsUmrMlwk{!dwgfa EpnTI bÛrma"m"aLayaMGg';NÎËsI$Na EdlRkum ÅefehßGURhàhI¡kal'GaMgsIÊTuteGDInbÛk1953Ç VneVHBum>pßay enAcRkPBGg'eK,s bg$aj{! eXIjy"agCak'cÒas'fa RBHviharenAk~¨gEdndIEx#r .

sUmCMrabCaGvsanfa tamesckI-RbkaseRcInelIk Cap,Ëvkar rd%aPiVl+fk*VnRbkasy"agCak'cÒas' fa RVsaTRBHviharsi/tenAk~¨gEdndIEx#rEdr .

kÉá enA+f©TI14mkra1954 rd%aPiVlRbeTs+f VneqI,ytbtamlkÓx&NÎdUcteTA cMeJHG~ksYredj edalepßg@EdlCasmaCik+nrd%sPa .

dMNagra¿s-CaG~ksYredjedalTaMgLayVndNw-gsYrfa etIkarEdlRbeTs+fTTYlsàl'RbeTskm>¨ Ca tMrUv{!RbeTs+fQb'kYckan'Cas/aBrnUvsiTÏirbs'x,ÁnelIext-TaMgLayEdlRtLb'RbKl'{!CafI#m-geTotenA q~aM1947Í .

RBHGg`m(as'GFib Card%m¿nI-RksYgkarbreTs+f VnmanRBHbnÊËlbJðak'fa RTg'Kitdl't+m,SkraC!+n RbeTskm>¨Ca CagkarVnext-TaMgLayEdlRtUvRbKl'{!eTARbeTskm>¨CavijenAq~aM1946eTAeTot . RTg'Vn manRBHbnÊËlEfmeTotfa rd%aPiVl+fminRbRBwt-neyaVyBRgIkEdndIeT ehIyRbeTs+fmanesckI-eBjcit-


edayeXIjmankarEktRmUvRBMRbTl'Ednx,H EdlmanRbeyaCn_bn-icbn-Ác dUcCabJ$aPM~xaváRBHvihar . rd%a PiVl+feBjcit-tamcMNucTaMgenaH k~¨gkic(crcasMruHsMrYlCamYyRbeTskm>¨Ca edayGnuelamtamcÒab'Gn-r Cati . ehtudUec~H KWfaRbeTs+fTTYlsàl'd*BitRVkdfa RBHviharCarbs'RbeTskm>¨Ca .

xÉá BIrábI ExeRkaymk enA+f©TI13F~Ë1955 esnaRbmuxPWnKunhaev" Card%m¿nI-TI1+fsI-TI k~¨gesc kI-RbkascMeJHTIP~ak'garsarBtàmanVraMg VnRbkasGMBIerOgbJ$aRBMRbTl'Ednfa rd%aPiVl+fmanbMNgnwg cat'taMgKN:km#karmYyedImIÒkMNt'RBMRbTl'EdnrvagRbeTs+f RbeTslav nigRbeTskm>¨Ca ehIyfaCa Biess KYrKbIÒEtedaHRsaybJ$aPM~RBHviharEdlenATIenaH RBHecAraCaFiraCEx#rmYyRBHGg` VnRTg'ksagRV saTmYyEdleKGacnwgGeJIðjeTAdl' EtedayRtac'tamEdndI+fenaH ÈsarBtàmanevotNamelx1764cuH +f©TI14F~Ë1955É .

Rtg'enHeTot KWCakarTTYlsàl'd*BitRVkdfa RBHviharCarbs'RbeTskm>¨CaEmn@ .

KÉá esovePA+fmYymanlkÓN:Cap,Ëvkar ehIydak'eQ#aHfa Å+f+Nsm&ysagqatÇ eVHBum>pßay enABuTÏskraC2484 ÈRKws-skraC1941É manGt/bT+nGnusJÔaRkugtUk¥Ë cuH+f©TI9[sPa1941 EdlVn RbKl'dl'RbeTs+f nUvGtItEdndI;NÎËcinVraMgmYycMENkxagRbeTslavnigRbeTskm>¨Ca ehIybJðak' edaymanTaMgrUbftCaCMnYypgfa RVsaTRBHvihar nig vt-pU ÈRBMRbTl'EdnlavÉ VncUlmkCarbs'RbeTs +f bnÊab'BImankarEkERbRBMRbTl'Edn tamGnusJÔaenH .

Rtg'TIenHeTot KWTTYlsàl'fa RBHvihar munq~aM1941 BitCarbs'Ex#r .

sniÏsJÔanaRkugva"sIuntun cuH+f©TI17[sPa1946 EdlVns/abnaeLIgvij nUvcÒab'edImTaMgGs' sI-GMBIEdndITaMgLay+nGtIt;NÎËcinVraMg minRtwmEtVnTukGnusJÔa1941 CaemaX:b"ueN=aHeT SKN:km#kar bRgYbbRgYmEdlVnRtUveKtaMgeLIgedImIÒGnuvt-n_sniÏsJÔaenH k*VnTaMgTTYlsàl'eTotfa minVneFI¡esckI-EkERbfI#GI¡mYyxagRBMRbTl'EdnEdlTak'TgeTAnwgs/ankarN_munq~aM1941eLIy . raCkar+nRbeTs+fVn RbKl'{!eTARbeTslavvij nUvRVsaTvt-pU b"uEn-;tmanRbKl'RVsaTRBHvihardl'RbeTskm>¨CaeLIy .


5á edImkMeNIt+nkarvivaT rvagRbeTskm>¨CanigRbeTs+f

eTaHbImanbTbJÔti-d*y"agcÒas'las'+nsniÏsJÔaTaMgLay eTaHbImankarbMPW,BISksarxageFI¡EpnTIEdl s/abnaeLIgedayGnusJÔaTaMgenaH eTaHbImanesckI-RbkasCap,Ëvkarx,H+nrd%aPiVl+fEdlelIkykmkeJl rMlwk{!dwgRtg'kfax&NÎTI4 k~¨gbc(¨bÒn~esckI-CUndMNwgenHk*eday raCkarRbeTs+fk*enAEtminRBmQb'eFI¡ Vtukm#edaysJÔaepßg@ fax,ÁnenAEtcUlcit-TukRVsaTRBHviharCaRVsaTtaMgenAk~¨gEdndI+fdEdleTot .

KYr{!FujRTan'nwgeJlerobrab'erOgehtuTaMgGs'EdlbJðak'{!eXIjBitRVkdnUvqnÊ:+nraCkarRbeTs +f edImIÒsMKal'faRVsaTRBHviharsi/tenAk~¨gdI+fenaHCaBn'eBk .

sUmeJlrMlwkEtkarb-ËrlixitxagkarTUtd*FM@ EdlVnekItmaneLIgk~¨gerOgenH .

kÉá munSkraC!RbeTskm>¨Ca s/anSkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTsVraMg RbcaMRkugVgkk Vntva"CaeRcIn elIk RbqaMgnwgkarRbRBwt-iraCkar+f Ý

1Ü lixitkt'ehtuelx29Ü49ÜC cuH+f©TI10kum§:1949 tva"RbqaMgnwgehtufa raCkarRbeTs+fVn bJðËnq#aMm~ak' nigkUnKUlI3nak' {!eTAkab'q}a+RBecjBIRVsaTRBHvihar . KWlixitkt'ehtuRbqaMgnwgkarCiHCan' TwkdIxuscÒab'enHehIyEdlbJðak'fa RVsaTRBHviharsi/tenAk~¨gEdndIEx#reT .

2Ü lixitkt'ehtuelx69Ü49ÜC cuH+f©TI21mina1949 bJðak'bEn/melIesckI-tva"elIkmun ehIy sMucMeJHrd%m¿nI-+nxagRksYgkarbreTs {!bMVt'kMu{!mans/ankarN_RbkbedayesckI-sg&ßyEdlpßaymk BIkarRbRBwt-irbs'rd%aPiVlelak ehIyCaBiesssMu{!bn/yq#aMCati+fTaMgLayEdltaMgenAEkÒrRVsaTenaH cakecj .

3Ü kalBI+f©TI28kk}da1949 tamlixitelx197 elakeLGugm"arsal' CaSkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTs VraMgRbcaMRkugVgkk VnCUndMNwgdl'G~ks~gkarCan'x>s'+nRbeTsVraMgRbcaMRbeTs;NÎËcinfa P~ak'gar raCkarm~ak'+ns/anSkGK`raCTUtrbs'elak Vnbg$ajEpnTIkMNt'RBMRbTl'Edn 1Ü200«000 cMeJHGK`na yk+nmnIÊrxagbUJàTis enAmnIÊrrd%m¿nI-+fxagRksYgkarbreTs . P~ak'garraCkarenHEdlTTYlsàl'Tukkar tva"TamTar+nRbeTskm>¨CafaCamansPaBd*RtwmRtUvenaH VnbJðak'faEpnTITaMgLayEdlVnepIçmk VnRtUv eKdak'{!KN:rd%m¿nI-Binit!ehIy ehIyfas/anSkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTsVraMgnwgVnnUvesckI-eBjcit-k~¨geBl eRkayCaminxan . ScemI,yEdlVnpßayecjenH minEdleXIjVnmkdl's/anSkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTsV raMgesaH .


4Ü lixitkt'ehtuelx1180 cuH+f©TI3kk}da1950 +ns/anSkGK`raCTUtRbeTsVraMg RbcaMVgkk VnepIçCUneTArd%aPiVl+f edImIÒrMlwkGMBIlixitEdlx,ÁnVnepIçeTAk~¨geBlmun .

xá lixitTaMgLayGMBIerOgRVsaTRBHvihar VnRtUveKepIçb-ËrK~aeTAvijeTAmkCafI#enAeBleRkaySkraC! +nRbeTskm>¨Ca rvags/anSkGK`raCTUtEx#rEdleTIbnwgtaMgfI#enAnaRkugVgkk nigrd%aPiVlRbeTs+f .

lTÏplCaviCðman;tVnekItmanbni-cesaHeLIy .

karRbRBwti-+nraCkarRbeTs+fenAEtdEdl rd%aPiVlEx#rk*RtUvEteFI¡esckI-tva"dUcK~anwgesckI-tva"Edl G~kdMNagTaMgLay+nrd%aPiVlVraMgVnepIçCUneTArd%aPiVl+fenaHEdr .

1«á dUec~H tamlixitelx14-DGP-X cuH+f©TI22mkra1954 SkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTskm>¨CaRbcaM RkugVgkk Vntva"cMeJHrd%m¿nI-RksYgkarbreTs+f RbqaMgnwgesckI-bgàb'EdlraCkarext-m"mGanÈRbeTs +fÉ KWfaraCkarext-enHVnbgàb'{!KUlIEx#r3nak'EdlraCkarEx#rVneRCIsykmk{!enAEfrkßaRVsaTenaH {!Qb'bMeBjmuxkarrbs'x,Án nig{!fyecjBITIenaHpg .

2«á tamlixitkt'ehtueFI¡ ÈX,aenHrlb'Vt'BIsMeNAedImÉ 1954 EdlCacemI,yTI1rbs'rd%aPiVl+f k~¨gerOgenHrd%m¿nI-+fRksYgkarbreTsVnRVb'faVnTTYllixit+nKN:ebskkm#xagkarTUtrbs'eyIgehIy edaybJðak'fa elaknwgBinit!lixitenHedaykarykcit-Tukdak' .



3«á kalBI+f©TI13mina1954 SkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTskm>¨Ca VnCYbCamYyGnurd%elxaFikarRksYg karbreTs+nrd%aPiVl+f ehIyelakenHVnRVb'fa bJ$aRBHvihartMrUv{!rd%aPiVlelakBinit!edayh#t'ct' ehIyfa elakmuxnwgeFI¡CUn{!RtwmRtUvtamJk!sMu+nrd%aPiVlEx#r .

b"uEn-raCkarRbeTs+f enAEt{!Tahan+femIlEfrkßaRVsaTRBHviharenaHteTAeTotdEdl .

4«á enA+f©TI9mifuna1954 elakSkGK`raCTUt+nRbeTskm>CaRbcaMVgkk VnepIçlixitfI#mYy eTA mnIÊrrd%m¿nI-RksYgkarbreTs+f sMu{!eFI¡Gn-raKmn_cMeJHraCkarmansmt/PaB+nRbeTsrbs'x,Án edImIÒ{!Ta hanfyecjBItMbn'RBHvihar Edlx,ÁnVnkan'kab'enaH .

eTaHbIeFI¡sMeNIrKitKUry"agdUcem-ck*eday k*;tVnlTÏplGI¡eLIy rd%aPiVlEx#rVneJlrMlwkerOg xagelIenHCajwkjy ehtuTaMgenHehIyEdlbg$aj{!eXIjfa rd%aPiVlEx#rminEmnbeN-ayTukerOgenH {!sabrlayeLIy RBmTaMgbN-al{!eXIjkarykcit-Tukdak'Cax,aMg+nrd%aPiVlEx#rcMeJHbJ$aenH .

eTaHbImankarKitKUCajwkjy;tlMEh dUcVneJlxagenHk*eday rd%aPiVlRbeTs+f k*enAEtrwg TTwgrkßaTuknUvTahanTaMgLayenATIkEn,genaH {!CaG~kEfrkßanigGnurkßRVsaTRBHvihar EdlCaRBHRVsaT si/tenAk~¨gdIEx#renaH .

Vtukm#xagkarCiHCan'rbs'raCkarRbeTs+f;tVnQb'm-gesaH ehIyVneFI¡{!eXIjCaTRmg'epßg@ .

5«á dUec~HRBHraCrd%aPiVlVndwg Ý enAk~¨gExmkra1955 faraCkarRbeTs+fVnykpÊaMgmYy carikCaGkßrEx#rnigGkßr +feTAeVHenASRBHvihar hamXat'CnbreTsTaMgGs' min{!Rtac'eTAtamRVsaTenH . enAk~¨gExkum§:1955 famanq#aMCati+fm~ak' VncuHk~¨gbJIðmYy edImIÒCaRbeyaCn_raCkar RbeTs+f nUvnam KuNsmÒti-nigGasyd%an+nG~kTsßnacrN_TaMgLay .

6«á eTaHbImankarKitKUCaeRcIndUcVneJlxagelIenH mankarEktRmUv mankartva"BIrd%aPiVlEx#r nigBIG~kdMNagrbs'x,ÁnRbcaMRkugVgkkk*eday raCkarRbeTs+fk*enAEtB!ayamRbkan'GakbÒkiriyarwgrUs rbs'x,ÁndEdl . dUcCak~¨geBlfI#@enH raCkarEx#rVnseg}teXIjfa Ý

kÉ mankglÒat+ntRmYt+fVnenAGnurkßnigRtYtBinit!RVsaTenaHCaGci+¿n-y_ . xÉ manTg'Cati+fVnbk'revcenABIxagmuxRVsaT enARtg'mat'x>g'rabEp~kxagEx#r . GMBIerOgenHeK

seg}teXIjfa raCkarRbeTs+fCYnkalbg$ËtTg'CatienASRBHvihar CYnkalTMlak'cuHmkvij tamcit-Edlx,Án RVf~a cg'sMEdg{!cÒas'nUvKMnitxagsMruHsMrYl Ík*nUvKMnitxagkartva"TamTar .

KÉ ral'+f©RkumtRmYtmYykg EdltaMgenAcm©ayRbEhl200Em"Rt CaxageCIgRckcUl KWfaenAk~¨gRb eTs+f VnbJðËnBYkyamlÒat{!eTASRBHvihar . karRtiHriHGMBITg'Cati cMeJHerOgenH k*mansPaBdUcK~a Edr . maneBlx,H raCkarRbeTs+fdkTahannigtRmYtecj maneBlx,HeTot +frkßaBYkenHTuk{!enAnwg


kEn,g . XÉ manRkumtRmYtRbkbedayGavuFRbEhl100nak' EdlsMctenAcm©ay8KILËEm"RtBIRBHvihar sMrab'

p,as'b-ËrRkumtRmYtk~¨gry:eBl15+f© . gÉ enAtamp,ËvlMmkBIÚsIß cm©ayRbEhl500Em"RTxagmuxT¡arcUleTAk~¨gRVsaT mancarikCaGkßr+f

labf~aMs enARtg's~ab'eCIg+nsresr ÍenARtg'RTnab'eCIgrUb . BYkEx#rEdlRtUvkareTAhYsBIRVsaTenH RtUvsMuesckI-GnuJÔatBItRmYt+f . dUec~H raCkar+nRbeTs+fVnkMNt'kEn,gRBMRbTl'EdnEtm~ak'Sg ehIy GnurkßRBMRbTl'EdnenHTukCay"agmwugm"at' .

cÉ manG~keTscrN_ Í;sßrCnCnCaeRcInmkTsßnaRVsaTRBHviharCajwkjy tam[TÏm§aKcRkk* man tamrfyn-k*man .

qÉ k~¨gExkJÔa1956 raCkarRbeTs+fVntRmUvcMeJHG~kRsukk~¨gPUmiEx#rmYy EdlenACitTIenaH ÈPUmi ÚsIßÉ {!eFI¡CaKUlICYsCulf~l'EdlmkBINam{mk~¨gEdndI+f .

rd%aPiVlEx#rk*VnKwtnwg{!mnusßeTAkan'kab'tMbn'RBHvihar edImIÒjMaugsiTiÏd*BitRVkdrbs'x,Án{!man rUbrageLIgEdr kalEdlx,ÁnVnTTYlkan'kab'GMNac+nRbeTsbn-BIraCkarVraMgmkenaH . m"¥ageTot eBl eRkaySkraC! rd%aPiVlEx#rk*Vncat'EcgerOgenHmYyrMeBc b"uEn-edayehtumankarBiVknwgcUleTAdl'tMbn' enaH rd%aPiVlEx#rk*RtUvEtQb'bgÌg'sin . b"uEn-k~¨gb"un#aneBleRkaymk edayGakbÒkiriya+nraCkar+fVn eFI¡{!mankarrMePIbenaH rd%aPiVlEx#rk*VnKitfa nwgeTAkan'kab'kEn,genaHCafI#m-geTot . bu"En-rd%aPiVlEx#r eTACaminVneTAkan'kab'vijeRJHraCkarRbeTs+fVneTAkan'kab'munx,ÁnrYceTAehIy . KWedImIÒeCosvag[bÒti- ehtux,H EdlnwgeFI¡{!xUckarRbRs&yTak'TgrvagRbTsTaMgBIrEtb"ueN=aH VnCard%aPiVlEx#rminVnb"unb"g{! eTAkan'kab'RBHvihar ehIyeBjcit-ykerOgenHdak'eFI¡kic(crcaeT¡PaKIvij ebIkalNaminsMerc dUcesckI-RVf~a nwgRtUveFI¡Jk!mYybw-geTAtulakarGn-rCati eRJH;LËvkarbraC&yekItmancÒas'ehIy .

d+TBIkarCiHCan'dUcVnEf,gCUnenAxagelIenH sUmerobrab'EfmeTotnUvesovePAnigkarpßayx,H man kMeNItBIRbeTs+f Edl;tekatjejItk~¨gkarPðab'tMbn'RBHvihareTAk~¨gEdndI+fenaH .

1á esckI-raykarN_RbcaMq~aMk~¨gB«s«2497 +nmnIÊrrd%m¿nI-+f xagRksYgKmnaKmn_ mYyGenI, nig EpnTImYy+nRbeTs+f VncuHnieTÊsbJ(ËlRBHvihareTAk~¨gEpnTI+f .

2á karpßayeQ#aH ÅxavRBHviharÇ ÈP~MRBHviharÉ pßayecjBIkariyal&yvbÒFmàviciRtsilÒ: Edl enAk~¨g{vaTviCðas/anCatixagvbÒFmà . k~¨gesckI-bJ(b' karpßayenaHcgÌ¨lRVb'fa ÅenAkMBUlx>g'rab Tg' Cati+fbk'rvikedayx!l' . ehIyerOgenH bg$aj{!eXIjdl'eyIgCaCati+f nUvmenasJ(tnaRbkbedayesc kI-rIkray;t[bma nigRbkbedaysni-sux kalNaVneXIjTg'CatieyIgbk'enAelIkMBUlPM~ Edlsi/tenABI elIRBMRbTl'Edn+nRbeTsd+TmYyÇ .


6á sPaB+nvivaTfI#@ÈmkTl'q~aM1958óÉ

kalBI+f©TI12emsa1956 SkGK`SkTUt+nRbeTs+fRbcaMRbeTskm>¨Ca VnRbKl'dl'mnIÊrrd%m¿nI-Ex#r xagRksYgkarbreTs nUvCMnYysrNamYy mankarCUneyabl'Edlrd%aPiVlRbeTs+fEf,gcMeJHrd%aPiVl RbeTskm>¨Ca edImIÒsMruHsMrYlbJ$aTaMgLayenAminTan'dac'eRsc rvagKUTaMgsgxag CaRbeyaCn_eTAvijeTA mk+nRbeTsTaMgBIr .

rd%aPiVl+nRbeTskm>¨CaVncUlcit-fa karCUneyabl'+nCMnYysrNaenH mansPaBd*RtwmRtUv nig RbkbedayRbeyaCn_ ehIyk*VneqI,ytbedayeBjcit- tRmUvtamCMnYysrNaenH . k~¨gerOgsI-BIbJ$aRBM RBTl'Edn ehIyCaGaT¢k~¨gerOgsI-BIRBHvihar cemI,y+nrd%aPiVlRbeTskm>¨Ca manesckI-dUcteTA Ý

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sUmemt-aGanfa : minaq~aM1970 .

eyIgsUmGP&yeTascMeJHkMhusedayGectnaenH .

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