Sustav nacionalne sigurnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj

Razvoj obavještajne zajednice u RH

1991. - 2002.

Tijekom 90-ih godina prošlog stoljeća središnje tijelo za obavljanje poslova nacionalne sigurnosti bio je Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka (UZUP) koji je osnovan odlukom Predsjednika Republike 27. svibnja 1991. godine. UZUP je prestao s radom 21. ožujka 1993. godine kada se odlukom Predsjednika Republike osniva Ured za nacionalnu sigurnost (UNS). UNS je u zakonski okvir stavljen donošenjem Zakona o Uredu za nacionalnu sigurnost 17. svibnja 1995. godine.

Ciljeve i zadaće obavještajne zajednice određivao je Stožerni odbor nacionalne sigurnosti (SONS) i Koordinacijski odbor obavještajne zajednice (KOOZ). Zadaća SONS-a bila je usmjeravanje i usklađivanje rada državnih ministarstava u obavljanju poslova nacionalne sigurnosti, dok je KOOZ bio odgovoran za provedbu zadaća dobivenih od SONS-a.

Jezgru obavještajne zajednice činile su četiri službe koje su se bavile obavještajnim radom:

o Hrvatska izvještajna služba (HIS)

o Služba za zaštitu ustavnog poretka MUP-a RH (SZUP)

o Sigurnosno-informativna služba Ministarstva obrane RH (SIS)

o Obavještajna uprava Glavnog stožera Oružanih snaga RH (ObU GSOSRH)

National security system of the Republic of Croatia

Evolution of intelligence community in Croatia

1991 - 2002

During the 1990s, the central body responsible for conducting national security operations was the Office for the Protection of Constitutional Order (UZUP). The UZUP was founded on 27 May 1991 following the Croatian President’s decision. UZUP ceased to exist and function on 21 March 1993 when, by the decision of the President of the Republic, the National Security Office (UNS) was established. With the adoption of the National Security Office Act on 17 May 1995, UNS was included in the legislative framework.

The intelligence community goals and tasks were set by the Joint National Security Committee (SONS) and the Intelligence Community Coordination Committee (KOOZ). SONS was in charge of directing and coordinating state ministries in conducting national security operations, whereas KOOZ was responsible for the execution of tasks given by SONS.

The core of the intelligence community consisted of four intelligence agencies:

o Croatian Intelligence Service (HIS)

o Service for the Protection of the Constitutional Order (SZUP)

o Security Service of the Ministry of Defence (SIS)

o Directorate of Intelligence Affairs of the Croatian Army Headquarters (ObU GSOSRH)

Predsjednik RH davao je smjernice za rad UNS-u i obavještajnoj zajednici RH. Predstojnik UNS-a i državni ministri određivali su zadaće službama za koje su bili odgovorni. Godišnji plan rada obavještajne zajednice pripremao je KOOZ, a sastojao se od projekata i operativnih akcija u čijoj izvedbi moraju sudjelovati dvije ili više službi. SONS je odobravao godišnji plan rada obavještajne zajednice te nadzirao njegovu izvedbu.

Osim gore spomenutog UNS-a te službi, širi krug sigurnosnog sustava činile su i kriminalistička policija, vojna policija, carinska služba, financijska policija, čiji su se predstavnici mogli pozvati na sjednice KOOZ-a.

2002. - 2006.

Godine 2002. Hrvatski sabor je donio Zakon o sigurnosnim službama Republike Hrvatske te Strategiju nacionalne sigurnosti Republike Hrvatske. Tim zakonom osnovane su tri sigurnosne službe:

o Obavještajna agencija (OA)

o Protuobavještajna agencija (POA)

o Vojna sigurnosna agencija (VSA)

Radi ostvarivanja suradnje Predsjednika Republike i Vlade Republike Hrvatske u usmjeravanju rada sigurnosnih službi, osnovano je Vijeće za nacionalnu sigurnost, a radi operativnog usklađivanja rada sigurnosnih službi, Savjet za koordinaciju sigurnosnih službi.

Ured Vijeća za nacionalnu sigurnost osnovan je radi obavljanja stručnih i administrativnih poslova za Vijeće za nacionalnu sigurnost i Savjet za koordinaciju sigurnosnih službi.

Današnji sigurnosno-obavještajni sustav

Sigurnosno-obavještajni sustav u Republici Hrvatskoj reformiran je sredinom 2006. godine donošenjem Zakona o sigurnosno-obavještajnom sustavu. Tim zakonom ustrojene su dvije sigurnosne službe: Sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (SOA) te Vojna sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (VSOA).

The Croatian President provided guidelines for UNS and the Croatian intelligence community operations. The UNS director and state ministers assigned tasks to the services under their authority. The yearly operational plan of the intelligence community was prepared by KOOZ and it included projects and operative actions in which two or more services were required to take part. SONS approved the yearly operational plan of the intelligence community and supervised its implementation.

Aside from the above mentioned UNS and the agencies, a wider security-system circle also included the Criminal Police, the Military Police, the Customs Service, and the Financial Police, whose representatives could be invited to participate in the KOOZ sessions.

2002 - 2006

In 2002, the Croatian Parliament passed the Security Services of the Republic of Croatia Act, and the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Croatia. In accordance with this Act three security services were founded:

o Intelligence Agency (OA)

o Counterintelligence Agency (POA)

o Military Security Agency (VSA)

To facilitate the cooperation between the Croatian President and the Prime Minister in directing security services operations, the National Security Council was founded. Furthermore, in order for the operative coordination of the security services operations to be realized, the Council for Coordination of Security Agencies was founded.

The Office of the National Security Council was founded for the purpose of performing expert and administrative operations for the National Security Council and the Council for Coordination of Security Agencies.

The security and intelligence system today

In mid 2006, the security intelligence system in the Republic of Croatia was reformed by passing the Security Intelligence System of the Republic of Croatia Act. In accordance with this Act two security services were established – the Security and Intelligence Agency (SOA) and the Military Security and Intelligence Agency (VSOA).

Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka

Odlukom Predsjednika Republike, kao pomoćno i savjetodavno tijelo, osnovan je Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka Republike Hrvatske 27. svibnja 1991. godine.

Djelokrug i osnovne zadaće bile su pružanje savjetodavne i stručne pomoći ovlaštenim tijelima koja obavljaju poslove zaštite ustavnog poretka u Ministarstvu unutarnjih poslova, Ministarstvu obrane i Ministarstvu vanjskih poslova.

Ured je bio dio sustava zaštite ustavnog poretka Republike Hrvatske, odgovoran za usklađivanje i usmjeravanje djelatnosti sustava u cjelini.

Pratio je sveukupnu problematiku zaštite ustavnog poretka, u nadzoru provedbe republičkih zakona i drugih republičkih propisa i akata, u provedbi zadaća iz područja zaštite ustavnog poretka u mjerodavnim ministarstvima Republike Hrvatske. Obavljao je ili organizirao strateška istraživanja i analize, izrađivao sigurnosne prosudbe značajne za interese države i njezine sigurnosti.

Ured je obavljao stručni nadzor nad radom sigurnosnih službi u državi, a zadaća mu je bila uspostavljanje suradnje s protuobavještajnim, obavještajnim i drugim sigurnosnim institucijama od interesa za sigurnost Republike Hrvatske.

Služba za zaštitu ustavnog poretka u MUP-u, Sigurnosno-informativna služba MORH-a i Služba za istraživanje i dokumentaciju MVP–a bile su dužne, o svome radu i rezultatima rada, izvještavati Ured koji je o svojim djelatnostima izvještavao Predsjednika Republike i najviša državna tijela. Ta su tijela, odnosno službe u njima, bila temelj sustava zaštite ustavnog poretka.

UZUP

On 27 May 1991, pursuant to the decision of the President of the Republic, the Bureau for the Protection of the Constitutional Order was established as a supporting and an advisory body.

The scope of its work, and its primary task was providing advice and professional assistance, in the area of protection of the constitutional order, to competent authorities performing functions in the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

As a part of the system for the protection of constitutional order, the Bureau was responsible for coordinating and directing the system as a whole.

It was involved in matters relating to protection of constitutional order or, more specifically, it supervised the implementation of the national laws and other rules and regulations, and the execution of tasks that involved the protection of the constitutional order in the competent Ministries of the Republic of Croatia. The Bureau conducted strategic researches and analyses, drafted security assessments relevant for the national interests and the interests of the national security.

The Bureau performed oversight over the work of the state security services, and was tasked with the establishment of cooperation with the counterintelligence, intelligence and other security institutions that were of interest for the security of the Republic of Croatia.

The Service for the Protection of the Constitutional Order, in the framework of the MoI, the Security and Information Service in the MoD, and the Research and Documentation Service of the MFA were all obliged to report to the Bureau on their respective work and results. The Bureau reported to the President of the Republic and to the top state authorities. These authorities, i.e. their services, were the foundation of the system for the protection of the constitutional order.

Svojom je djelatnošću Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka također usmjeravao, usklađivao, nadzirao i pomagao u ostvarivanju svrhovite raspodjele poslova i međusobne suradnje radi što veće učinkovitosti njihova rada.

Na temelju Odluke Predsjednika Republike Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka Republike Hrvatske prestao je s radom 21. ožujka 1993. a kao pravni slijednik osniva se Ured za nacionalnu sigurnost.

Josip Manolić – predstojnik Ureda za zaštitu ustavnog poretka od 27.05.1991. do 26.03.1993.

In its work, the Bureau for the Protection of the Constitutional Order was also directing, coordinating, monitoring and assisting an efficient division of tasks and mutual cooperation in order to achieve the highest possible level of efficacy in their work.

Following the decision of the President of the Republic, the Bureau for the Protection of the Constitutional Order of the Republic of Croatia was dissolved on 21 March, 1993. The National Security Office was established as its legal successor.

Josip Manolić – UZUP Director from 27 May 1991 to 26 March 1993

Ured za nacionalnu sigurnost Ured za nacionalnu sigurnost (u daljnjem tekstu UNS) ustrojen je uredbom Predsjednika Republike u svibnju 1993. godine, čime je započelo stvaranje i razvoj koncepta obavještajne zajednice u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rad obavještajne zajednice normativno je reguliran Zakonom o Uredu za nacionalnu sigurnost iz svibnja 1995. godine.

Ured za nacionalnu sigurnost bio je državno izvršno tijelo koje usklađuje, usmjerava i nadzire rad tijela državne uprave koja se bave obavljanjem poslova nacionalne sigurnosti.

Djelokrug UNS-a određen je Zakonom o Uredu za nacionalnu sigurnost, a bio je definiran na sljedeći način:

o usklađivao je rad državnih ministarstava u obavljanju poslova nacionalne sigurnosti

o usmjeravao je i nadzirao rad obavještajnih i protuobavještajnih službi u obavještajnoj zajednici

o ujedinjavao, raščlanjivao i procjenjivao obavještajne podatke i izvješća potrebna za obavljanje ustavnih ovlasti Predsjednika Republike i Vlade RH

o skrbio za protuobavještajnu zaštitu i osiguranje Predsjednika Republike, Hrvatskog državnog sabora i Vlade RH i objekata kojima se oni koriste

National Security Office The National Security Office (hereinafter: UNS) was founded in May 1993 by the Croatian President’s decree, which marked the foundation and development of the intelligence community concept in the Republic of Croatia. The National Security Office Act, passed in May 1995, provided the normative regulation of the operations preformed by the intelligence community.

The National Security Office was an executive state authority which coordinated, directed, and supervised the work of government administration bodies performing operations relevant for the national security.

The UNS’s scope of operations was determined by the National Security Office Act, and was defined as follows:

o it coordinated the state ministries in matters of national security

o it directed and supervised the intelligence and counterintelligence agencies in their work in the intelligence community

o it combined, analyzed and evaluated intelligence and reports required to exercise constitutional privileges of the Croatian President and the Croatian Government

o it managed counterintelligence protection and security of the Croatian President, the Croatian Parliament, and the Croatian Government as well as the property in their use.

Radi ostvarivanja Zakonom utvrđenog djelokruga, unutar UNS-a osnovane su službe:

o Hrvatska izvještajna služba (HIS)

o Nadzorna služba

o Stožer osiguranja

Radi obavljanja stručnih poslova u UNS-u, ustrojene su i sljedeće stručne službe:

o Nacionalna služba elektroničkog izviđanja (NSEI)

o Obavještajna akademija

Radom UNS-a upravljao je predstojnik kojeg je imenovao i razrješavao Predsjednik Republike, a on je odgovarao Predsjedniku za svoj rad i rad UNS-a. Radom svake pojedine službe upravljao je ravnatelj kojeg je imenovao Predsjednik Republike na prijedlog predstojnika UNS-a.

Radi usmjeravanja i usklađivanja rada državnih ministarstava u obavljanju poslova nacionalne sigurnosti, pri UNS-u je osnovan Stožerni odbor za nacionalnu sigurnost (SONS).

Nadzor nad zakonitošću rada UNS-a obavljao je Zastupnički dom Hrvatskog državnog sabora putem Odbora za unutarnju politiku i nacionalnu sigurnost.

In order for the UNS’s scope of operations defined by law to be realized, three agencies were founded:

o Croatian Intelligence Service (HIS)

o Control and Supervision Service (NS)

o Security Headquarters (SO)

In order for the expert operations within UNS to be performed, the following expert services were also founded:

o National Service for Electronic Monitoring (NSEI)

o Intelligence Academy

UNS’s operations were managed by a director appointed and dismissed by the Croatian President, and the director accounted for his work and the work of UNS directly to the President. Operations of each service were managed by the respective service directors, appointed and dismissed by the Croatian President at the proposal of the UNS director.

In order to direct and coordinate state ministries in conducting national security operations the Joint National Security Committee (SONS) was founded within UNS.

The oversight of the legality of UNS’s operations was performed by the House of Representatives of the Croatian Parliament through the Committee for Internal Affairs and National Security.

Predstojnici UNS-a od 1994. do 2002.

Hrvoje Šarinić – predstojnik UNS-a od 3.4.1993. do 12.10.1994.

Krunislav Olujić - predstojnik UNS-a od 12.10.1994. do 18.5.1995.

Miroslav Tuđman – v.d. – predstojnik UNS-a od 14.6.1995. do 1.2.1996.

Luka Bebić – predstojnik UNS-a od 1.2.1996. do 15.12.1996.

Ivan Jarnjak – predstojnik UNS-a od 16.12. 1996. do 20.12.2000.

Tomislav Karamarko – predstojnik UNS-a od 21.02.2000. do 01.04.2002.

UNS Directors, from 1994 to 2002

Hrvoje Šarinić – UNS Director from 3 April 1993 to 12 October 1994

Krunislav Olujić – UNS Director from 12 October 1994 to 18 May 1995

Miroslav Tuđman – acting – UNS Director from 14 June 1995 to 1 February 1996

Luka Bebić – UNS Director from 1 February 1996 to 15 December 1996

Ivan Jarnjak – UNS Director from 16 December 1996 to 20 December 2000

Tomislav Karamarko – UNS Director from 21 February 2000 to 01 April 2002

Hrvatska izvještajna služba

Hrvatska izvještajna služba (HIS) bila je središnja služba UNS-a te i jedina vanjska obavještajna služba RH koja je:

o prikupljala obavještajne podatke od nacionalnog interesa u inozemstvu

o raščlanjivala, objedinjavala, procjenjivala i dostavljala obavještajne podatke i izvješće Predsjedniku Republike, predstojniku UNS-a, predsjedniku Vlade te državnim i resornim ministrima u Vladi RH

o surađivala sa stranim obavještajnim službama

o usmjeravala i usklađivala rad službi obavještajne zajednice RH kao i drugih sigurnosnih službi i državnih tijela kada su to zahtijevali interesi nacionalne sigurnosti.

HIS je provodio opću politiku i ciljeve djelovanja Ureda za nacionalnu sigurnost.

Croatian Intelligence Service

The Croatian Intelligence Service (HIS) was the central service of UNS and the only external intelligence service in Croatia which:

o collected intelligence data of national interest out-of-country

o separated, combined, evaluated and delivered intelligence data and reports to the Croatian President, the UNS director, the Prime Minister and state ministries of the Croatian Government

o cooperated with foreign intelligence services

o directed and coordinated the work of intelligence community services as well as other security services and government bodies when interests of national security were at stake.

HIS executed the general policy and goals of the National Security Office.

Ravnatelji HIS-a od1993. do 2000.

Miroslav Tuđman – ravnatelj HIS-a

od 21.3.1993. do 20.4.1998. od 2.7.1999. do 15.2.2000.

Miroslav Šeparović – ravnatelj HIS-a

od 20.4.1998. do 29.1.1999.

Tomislav Družak – ravnatelj HIS-a

od 29.1.1999. do 2.7.1999.

Ozren Žunec – ravnatelj HIS-a

od 15.2.2000. do 24.5.2000.

HIS Directors, from 1993 to 2000

Miroslav Tuđman – HIS Director

from 21 March 1993 to 20 April 1998 from 02 July 1999 to 15 February 2000

Miroslav Šeparović – HIS Director

from 20 April 1998 to 29 January 1999

Tomislav Družak – HIS Director

from 29 January 1999 to 02 July 1999

Ozren Žunec – HIS Director

from 15 February 2000 to 24 May 2000

Obavještajna agencija

Obavještajna agencija (OA) je donošenjem novog Zakona o sigurnosnim službama u travnju 2002. godine preuzela imovinu, djelatnike, najveći broj ovlasti i tekućih poslova dotadašnjeg UNS a, odnosno HIS-a.

Prema spomenutom Zakonu, OA je djelovanjem u inozemstvu analizirala, obrađivala i ocjenjivala podatke političke, gospodarske, sigurnosne i vojne prirode koji se odnose na strane države, međunarodne vladine i nevladine organizacije, političke, vojne i gospodarske saveze, skupine i osobe, osobito one koji upućuju na namjere, mogućnosti, prikrivene planove i tajna djelovanja koja su usmjerena na ugrožavanje nacionalne sigurnosti.

Također je suradnjom s odgovarajućim službama Ministarstva vanjskih poslova skrbila o protuobavještajnoj sigurnosti državljana i institucija RH u inozemstvu.

OA je surađivala sa stranim sigurnosnim i drugim odgovarajućim službama razmjenom podataka i informacija, a provođenjem poslova iz svog djelokruga koordinirala suradnju ostalih sigurnosnih službi RH sa stranim partnerskim službama.

Ravnatelji OA-e od 2002. do 2006.

Damir Lončarić - ravnatelj HIS-a od 24.05.2000. do 28.03.2002., od 29.03.2002. do 04.05.2003.v.d. ravnatelja OA-e, a

od 05.05.2003. do 20.09.2004. ravnatelj OA-e

Veselko Grubišić - ravnatelj OA-e od 20.09.2004. do 15.08.2006.

Intelligence Agency

By passing a new Security Services Act in April 2002, the Intelligence Agency (OA) took over the property, the employees, the majority of authorities and the ongoing operations of the former UNS, i.e. HIS.

In accordance with the above mentioned Act, through its out-of-country operations, OA analyzed, processed and evaluated data of political, economic, security and military nature relating to foreign countries, international governmental and non-governmental organizations, political, military and economic alliances, groups and persons, especially those which suggest intentions, opportunities, hidden agendas and secret operations aimed at threatening national security.

Also, by cooperating with the relevant services of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it provided counterintelligence security to Croatian citizens and institutions out of the country.

In addition to that, OA cooperated with foreign security services and other corresponding services by exchanging data and information and performing operations defined by its scope of operations, as well as coordinated the cooperation of other Croatian security services with their foreign partners.

OA Directors, from 2002 to 2006

Damir Lončarić - HIS Director from 24 May 2000 to 28 March 2002, from 29 March 2002 to 04 May 2003 OA Acting Director, and from 05 May 2003 to 20 September 2004 OA Director

Veselko Grubišić - OA Director from 20 September 2004 to 15 August 2006

Služba za zaštitu ustavnog poretka

Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o unutarnjim poslovima od 18. travnja 1991. godine u područje sigurnosnog djelovanja unutarnjih poslova uveo je zaštitu Ustavom utvrđenog poretka, odnosno definirao poslove Službe za zaštitu ustavnog poretka (u daljnjem tekstu SZUP) uz druge redarstvene službe ustrojene u tadašnjem Ministarstvu unutarnjih poslova RH.

Spomenuti Zakon propisuje kako poslove SDS-a preuzima SZUP, čiju zakonitost rada nadzire Komisija za nadzor zakonitosti rada SZUP-a, osobito u ostvarivanju Ustavom i zakonom utvrđenih prava i sloboda čovjeka i građanina, pravnih osoba, državnih i drugih tijela te prava i sloboda utvrđenih normama međunarodnog prava.

Pored osnovne zadaće zaštite ustavnog poretka i protuobavještajne zaštite na cjelokupnom teritoriju Republike Hrvatske, SZUP je bio zadužen i za sprečavanje djelovanja i namjera nasilnog ugrožavanja i rušenja uređenja države, terorizma i organiziranog kriminala bez obzira na to jesu li osobe državljani Republike Hrvatske ili stranci.

SZUP nije mogao primjenjivati svoja sredstva i metode rada te djelovati izvan teritorija Republike Hrvatske, osim prema državljanima Republike Hrvatske.

Utemeljenje samostalne i neovisne Republike Hrvatske te Domovinski rat ključni su trenuci u kojima SZUP izrasta u suvremenu službu koja ni legislativno, a ni praktično, svoje zadaće više ne provodi praćenjem građana suprotnoga političkog mišljenja, već štiti Ustavom utvrđeni poredak cjelokupne RH od protuustavne i protuzakonite djelatnosti.

Područje rada SZUP-a ukratko se može opisati kao prikupljanje svih relevantnih podataka o protuustavnoj, odnosno protuzakonitoj djelatnosti koja se odvija radi rušenja Ustavom utvrđenog poretka RH.

Kao dio Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova RH, djelatnici SZUP-a imali su i dio policijskih ovlasti, što im je omogućilo i aktivno sudjelovanje u pojedinim operativnim akcijama presijecanja protuustavnih, odnosno protuzakonitih djelatnosti na teritoriju RH.

Service for the Protection of the Constitutional Order

The Amendment to Internal Affairs Act passed on April 18, 1991 introduced the protection of Constitutional Order in the area of security operations of internal affairs, and defined the activities of the Service for the Protection of the Constitutional Order (hereinafter: SZUP) among other police services organized within the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Croatia.

The above mentioned Act determines that SDS passes over its activities to SZUP, the legality of which is under the oversight of the Commission for the Oversight of the Legality of SZUP’s operations, especially regarding the realization of civil rights and liberties, rights and liberties of legal persons, government and other bodies as determined by the Constitution and Law, as well as rights and liberties as determined by international laws.

In addition to its basic task of protecting the Constitutional order and providing counterintelligence protection on the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia, SZUP was also in charge of preventing actions and intentions of violent threats and acts against the state, which included terrorism and organized crime, regardless of whether the persons involved were Croatian or foreign citizens.

SZUP had no authority to exercise its means and methods of work or to act outside the territory of the Republic of Croatia, with the exception of matters involving Croatian citizens.

The establishment of sovereign, independent Republic of Croatia and the War for Independence represent key moments in which SZUP developed into a modern service which did not target citizens of opposite political views, either in regulations or in practice, but rather protected the Constitutional order on the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia against unconstitutional and illegal acts.

In short, SZUP’s area of operations can be described as collection of all relevant data on any unconstitutional or illegal activity directed against the Constitutional Order of the Republic of Croatia. As a part of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Croatia, SZUP’s employees also assumed some police powers which enabled them to actively participate in certain operative actions of thwarting unconstitutional or illegal activities on the territory of the Republic of Croatia.

Ravnatelji SZUP–a od 1990. do 2000.

Perica Jurič - zamjenik ministra unutarnjih poslova od 20.08.1990. do 04.03.1991.

Jerko Vukas - pomoćnik ministra unutarnjih poslova / ravnatelj SZUP-a od 05.03.1991. do 23.06.1992.

Smiljan Reljić - pomoćnik ministra unutarnjih poslova / ravnatelj SZUP-a od 24.06.1992. do 27.01.1997.

Ivan Brzović - pomoćnik ministra unutarnjih poslova / ravnatelj SZUP-a od 27.01.1997. do 10.02.2000.

SZUP Directors, from 1990 to 2000

Perica Jurič - Deputy Minister of Interior from 20 August 1990 to 04 March 1991

Jerko Vukas - Assistant Minister of Interior / SZUP Director from 05 March 1991 to 23 June 1992

Smiljan Reljić - Assistant Minister of Interior / SZUP Director from 24 June 1992 to 27 January 1997

Ivan Brzović - Assistant Minister of Interior / SZUP Director from 27 January 1997 to 10 February 2000

Protuobavještajna agencija

Daljnjim razvojem parlamentarne demokracije u RH, nastavljene su i reforme u sigurnosnom sustavu. Tako je 2002. donesen Zakon o sigurnosnim službama (u daljnjem tekstu ZOSS) kojim su u RH definirane tri službe – Protuobavještajna agencija (nekadašnji SZUP), Obavještajna agencija (nekadašnji HIS) te Vojno-sigurnosna agencija (nekadašnji SIS).

Protuobavještajna agencija (u daljnjem tekstu POA) planirala je i provodila protuobavještajno djelovanje u zemlji te prikupljala, analizirala, obrađivala i ocjenjivala podatke o djelovanju stranih obavještajnih službi kao i o djelovanju pojedinih osoba, skupina i organizacija na teritoriju Republike Hrvatske koja su usmjerena protiv nacionalne sigurnosti.

POA je sudjelovala u protuobavještajnoj zaštiti i skrbila za sigurnost zaštićenih osoba, objekata i prostora određenih odlukom Vlade, te važnijih skupova i sastanaka kada je to zatražila Vlada Republike Hrvatske.

Radi ostvarivanja protuobavještajne zaštite, POA je izrađivala sigurnosne provjere osoba kojima se povjeravaju tajni podaci i predmeti posebnog interesa, osoba koje takvim podacima i predmetima imaju pristup i osoba koje su zaposlene ili će se zaposliti u državnoj upravi i stručnim službama tijela državne vlasti te pravnih osoba na poslovima značajnim za nacionalnu sigurnost.

Counterintelligence Agency

As parliamentary democracy developed in the Republic of Croatia, reforms in security system were continued. As a result, a Security Services Act was passed in 2002 (hereinafter: ZOSS) which defined three new services – the Counter-Intelligence Agency (formerly SZUP), the Intelligence Agency (formerly HIS) and the Military Security Agency (formerly SIS).

The Counter-Intelligence Agency (hereinafter: POA) planned and performed counter-intelligence operations in the country, as well as collected, analyzed, processed and evaluated data on foreign intelligence activities and activities of particular persons, groups and organizations on the territory of the Republic of Croatia aimed at threatening the national security.

Similarly, POA was involved in counter-intelligence protection and provided safety for protected persons, property and space defined by government decrees, as well as major gatherings and meetings at the request of the Government of the Republic of Croatia.

In order to secure counter-intelligence protection POA performed security vettings of persons entrusted with classified data or objects of special interest, persons with access to such data and objects, persons employed, or to be employed, in state administration and special state authority services, as well as legal persons performing operations relevant for the national security.

Ravnatelji POA-e od 2003. do 2006.

Franjo Turek - pomoćnik ministra unutarnjih poslova / ravnatelj SZUP-a od 11.02.2000. do 04.05.2003., a od 05.05.2003. do 14.03.2004. ravnatelj POA-e

Joško Podbevšek - ravnatelj POA-e od 15.03.2004. do 11.12.2004.

Tomislav Karamarko - ravnatelj POA-e od 11.12.2004. do 13.09.2006.

POA Directors, from 2003 to 2006

Franjo Turek - Assistant Minister of Interior / SZUP Director from 11 February 2000 to 04 May 2003, and from 05 May 2003 to 14 March 2004, POA Director

Joško Podbevšek - POA Director from 15 March 2004 to 11 December 2004

Tomislav Karamarko - POA Director from 11 December 2004 to 13 September 2006

Sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija

Sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (SOA) osnovana je 2006. godine donošenjem Zakona o sigurnosno-obavještajnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske (Narodne novine 79/06, 105/06), odnosno ujedinjenjem bivše Protuobavještajne agencije (POA) i Obavještajne agencije (OA) koje su prestale s radom.

Ravnatelj SOA-e od 2006. do 2008. godine

Tomislav Karamarko - ravnatelj SOA-e od 13.09.2006. do 09.10.2008.

Security and Intelligence Agency

The Security and Intelligence Agency (SOA) was founded in 2006 upon the passing of the Security and Intelligence System of the Republic of Croatia Act (Official Gazette 79/06, 105/06) and by combining the former Counterintelligence Agency (POA), and the Intelligence Agency (OA) which both ceased to operate.

SOA Director, from 2006 to 2008

Tomislav Karamarko - SOA Director from 13 September 2006 to 09 October 2008

O Sigurnosno-obavještajnoj agenciji

Sigurnosno-obavještajna agencija (SOA) je središnje državno tijelo Republike Hrvatske odgovorno za prikupljanje, analizu, obradu i ocjenu podataka koji su od značaja za nacionalnu sigurnost, sa svrhom otkrivanja i sprječavanja radnji pojedinaca ili skupina koje su usmjerene protiv opstojnosti, neovisnosti, jedinstvenosti i suvereniteta Republike Hrvatske, nasilnom rušenju ustroja državne vlasti, ugrožavanju Ustavom Republike Hrvatske i zakonima utvrđenih ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda te osnova gospodarskog sustava Republike Hrvatske.

Poslove iz svog djelokruga SOA obavlja na temelju Strategije nacionalne sigurnosti, Strategije obrane, Godišnjih smjernica za rad sigurnosno-obavještajnih agencija, zakona, zahtjeva zakonom određenih državnih tijela, odnosno zahtjeva korisnika rezultata rada.

Ravnatelja SOA-e imenuju supotpisom Predsjednik RH i predsjednik Vlade.

Ravnatelj SOA-e je Josip Buljević.

Josip Buljević

- ravnatelj SOA-e od 10.10.2008.

About Security and Intelligence Agency

The Security and Intelligence Agency (SOA) is the central state body of the Republic of Croatia, responsible for gathering, analyzing, processing and evaluating data which is significant for national security, and has the goal of detecting and preventing the activities of individuals or groups, which are directed against the integrity, independence, indivisibility and sovereignty of the Republic of Croatia, which aim to forcefully destroy the organization of state government and endanger the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, legally specified human rights and basic freedoms and the fundamental economic system of the Republic of Croatia.

Operations within SOA's jurisdiction are conducted based on the National Security Strategy, Defence Strategy, Annual Guidelines for Security and Intelligence Agencies’ Operations, legislation, requests by legally authorized state bodies, or requests by the users of the results of the agencies’ work.

The Director of SOA is appointed with the consent of the President of the Republic of Croatia and the Prime Minister.

The Director of SOA is Josip Buljević.

Josip Buljević

- SOA Director from 10 October 2008

Opis službenog znaka SOA-e

Službeni znak SOA-e komponirana je, unutar zarotiranog kvadrata, dijagonala 65x65 mm po načelima zlatnog reza.

U sredini znaka je grb RH što podrazumjeva državnu razinu Agencije.

Grb je na srebrnoj podlozi.

Oko grba su dvije koncentrične kružnice između kojih je upisan puni naziv:

REPUBLIKA HRVATSKA, SIGURNOSNO-OBAVJEŠTAJNA AGENCIJA zlatno žute boje na tamno plavoj podlozi.

Središnji dio znaka uokviren je stiliziranim starohrvatskim okruglim pleterom koji je isprepleten sa križnim pleterom i znaku daje dinamičnu formu, a ujedno sugerira četiri glavne strane svijeta. Oba stilizirana pleterna ornamenta čine skladnu oblikovnu cjelinu. Pleteri su srebrne boje.

Na pleternoj podlozi, a ispod središnjeg dijela znaka, postavljen je mač zlatno žute boje sa oštricom okrenutom prema gore.

Idejna koncepcija oblikovanja znaka postavljena je sukladno djelatnosti SOA-e, dakle djelovanje u Republici Hrvatskoj i u inozemstvu.

To u simbolima znači: država - simbol krug, svijet - simbol strane svijeta.

Država – zaokružena cjelina, simbol zatvoreni krug na kojem je državni grb. Krug je uokviren stiliziranim okruglim pleterom iz vremena nastanka hrvatske države. Pentagram na kojem je okrugli pleter potječe iz Solina (11. st.) iz krunidbene crkve narodnih vladara, kolijevke hrvatske državnosti. Smatra se pravim remek djelom svog vremena. U ovom dijelu znaka jasna je oblikovna poveznica hrvatskog povijesnog kontinuiteta.

The description of the official SOA emblem

The official SOA emblem is placed on a rotated square, the size of 65x65 mm diagonally, made on the principles of gold carving.

In the middle of the emblem is the coat of arms of the Republic of Croatia, signifying the Agency’s importance at the state level.

The coat of arms is placed on a silver background.

Around the coat of arms there are two concentric circles surrounding the Agency’s full name - REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, SECURITY AND INTELLIGENCE AGENCY - written in golden yellow on a dark blue background.

The central part of the emblem is surrounded by early Croatian round interlacing-ribbon pattern, interwoven with a cross-shape pattern, giving the emblem a dynamic form and symbolizing the four corners of the world. Both stylized pattern ornaments create a well-proportioned shape. The patterns are silver.

Below the centre of the emblem, on an interlaced-ribbon pattern background, there is a golden yellow sword pointed upwards.

The conceptual basis of the emblem form corresponds to the SOA scope of work: acting in the Republic of Croatia and abroad.

The circle symbolizes the state, while the four corners of the world symbolize the world.

The state – a single entity, symbolized by a closed circle, with the state coat of arms in the middle. The circle is rounded by a stylized circular pattern dating back to the birth of the Croatian state. The pentagram under the circular pattern originates from Solin (11th century), from the coronation church of the nation’s rulers, the cradle of Croatia’s statehood. It is considered a real masterpiece of its time. In terms of shape, this part of the emblem clearly represents the continuity of Croatia’s history.

Inozemstvo (svijet) – u znaku je predstavljen univerzalnim simbolom - stranama svijeta. To nisu obične strane svijeta, to su stilizirane izvedenice iz pluteja Sv. Nikole, Dubrovnik 11. stoljeće. Zašto iz Dubrovnika? Dubrovačka Republika je imala najjaču i najuspješniju diplomaciju u dugoj hrvatskoj povijesti. Takoder je iznimno uspješno prikupljala informacije bitne za vlastitu sigurnost i višestoljetnu neovisnost.

Mač – simbolizira oružje (snagu) koja se može primijeniti u skladu sa zakonom. Stilizirani mač oblikovan je po uzoru na starohrvatske mačeve pronađene u grobovima hrvatskih ratnika (iz 10. i 11. st.).

Boje – koje se koriste u znaku sukladne su bojama iz grba RH.

The world (abroad) – is presented by a universal symbol – corners of the world. These are not just the ‘ordinary’ corners of the world; they are a stylized derivative of St. Nicholas’ pluteum, Dubrovnik, 11th century. Why Dubrovnik? The Dubrovnik Republic had the strongest and most successful diplomacy in the long history of Croatia. It was also very successful in collecting information essential for its own security and centuries-long independence.

The sword – symbolizes a weapon (strength) which can be used in accordance with the law. The stylized sword is shaped like the early Croatian swords found in the graves of the Croatian warriors (10th and 11th century).

Colours – used in the emblem correspond to those in the Croatian coat of arms.

www.soa.hr