Upload
arslan
View
229
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
1/48
Introduction
Text book Code of conduct
Class discipline
Course outline Class activity
Zahid
Project Management
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
2/48
Project ManagementA Managerial Approach (th!dition"
by
Jack R. Meredith & Samuel J. Mantel, Jr.Available at: Stationary shop at XC block Bahria University,
MR OLD BOOKS shops in sla!aba" an"
Bahria University Library#
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
3/48
Project Management
#ahid Majeed
Assistant Professor
$ahria %niversity &ahidpn'gmailcom
Ph ) !xt *+, cell ,*,,-*.-/0-
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
4/48
Chapter +
Introduction
The 1orld of ProjectsZahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
5/48
2ecture Plan The structure of this text book
1hat is a Project3
Introduction 1hy Project Mgmt3
4ro5th of Project Mgmt
Project Management in Pakistan
PMP Certification
Assignment 6+Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
6/48
The 7tructure of this Text Follows the project life cycle
Some topics stand-alone
Other topics incorporated throughout
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
7/48
Part I8 Project InitiationIntroduction, The World of Projects
Strategic !anagement and Project Selection
The Project !anager "egotiation and the !anagement of #onflict
The Project in the Organi$ational Structure
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
8/48
Part II8 Project Planning Project %cti&ity Planning
'udgeting and #ost (stimation
Scheduling
)esource %llocation
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
9/48
Part III8 Project !xecution !onitoring and Information Systems
Project #ontrol
Project %uditing
Project Termination
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
10/48
19AT I7 A P:;
solution* J M Juran
Pro+lem- The gap +w where you are
where u want to +e, with an o+stacle that
pre&ents easy mo&ement to close the gap*
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
11/48
Additional =efinitions % project is a uni.ue &enture with a +eginningand an end, conducted +y people to meet
esta+lished goals within parameters of cost,schedule and .ualityperformance*
Buchanan & Boddy 92
Projects are goal-oriented, in&ol&e the
coordinated underta/ing of interrelated
acti&ities, are of finite duration, accomplished
within allocated +udget and are uni.ue to a
degree* Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
12/48
Project vs Process 1orkProject
Take place outside the
process world
Unique and separatefrom normal
organization work
Continually evolving
Process
Ongoing, day-to-day
activities
Use eisting systems,properties, and
capa!ilities
Typically repetitive
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to
create a unique product or service.
PMBoK 2000
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
13/48
Introduction !uch of project management de&eloped +y the military "a&y0s Polaris program "%S%0s space program
Strategic defense initiati&e Split the atom
Project management has found wide acceptance inindustry
(1amples of projects #hannel +etween (ngland and France
Introduce Windows 2ista
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
14/48
IntroductionContinued
!ain forces in dri&ing the acceptance ofproject and other forms of management34* The e1ponential growth of human /nowledge
5* The growing demand for a +road range ofcomple1 goods and ser&ices
6* Increased worldwide competition %ll of these contri+ute to the need for
organi$ations to do more and to do it faster Project management is one way to do more
faster
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
15/48
!xamples of Major Projects %ndertaken or
Planned in Pakistan 7Tar+ela and !angla dams 78ala+agh dam 9:;
7Indus )i&er +asin irrigation projects
78ara/orum ahore !otorway
7?innah International %irport at 8arachi
78ot %ddu power generation plant
78arachi "uclear Power Plant
78arachi Steel !ill 7Sainda/ copper mine
7Port @asim
7Shah Faisal !os.ue
7Shau/at 8hanum #ancer
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
16/48
Common !xamples of Major Projects
!nergy On-and off-shore oil and gas refineries, mineral oil
storage containers, national and transnational oil and gas
pipelines, hydro-, thermal and nuclear power stations and
power transmission infrastructure* 1ater :esources Irrigation projects, dams, flood protection
systems, desalination plants
Transport Infrastructure )oad, rail and canal networ/s,
+ridges, air-, ri&er-and seaports Public 1orks Sewage and sanitation, ur+an regeneration
schemes
Architecture
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
17/48
Projects Tend to be 2arge Projects tend to +e large
The #hannel Tunnel, or #hunnel Aen&er International %irport Panama #anal e1pansion project Three Borges Aam, #hina
Projects are getting larger o&er time
Flying3 +alloons
planes
jets
roc/ets
reusa+le roc/ets The more we can do, the more we try to do
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
18/48
Project Management Also 4etting 7maller4* !ore people are seeing the ad&antages
of project management techni.ues
5* The tools are +ecome cheaper
6* The techni.ues are +ecoming more
widely taught and written a+out
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
19/48
Main 4oals of Project Management
4* Time
5* #ost
6* Performance
. Time, cost, and performance are all related ona project
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
20/48
=irect Project 4oals8 Performance> Cost> Time
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
21/48
Project Management Institute (PMI"
The Project !anagement Institute is the majorproject management organi$ation
Founded in 4CDC Brew from E,GG mem+ers in 4CCG to o&er 5DG,GGG
in 5GGE TheProject Management JournalandPM Network
are the leading project management journals
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
22/48
figHG4HG5
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
23/48
Project Manager
Project manager is the /ey indi&idual on
a project
Project manager is li/e a mini-#(O While project manager always has
responsi+ility, may not ha&e necessary
authority
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
24/48
Trends in Project Management
%chie&ing strategic goals
%chie&ing routine goals
Impro&ing project effecti&eness 2irtual projects
@uasi-projects
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
25/48
:ecent Changes in Managing ;rgani&ations
4* #onsensual management
5* Systems approach
6* Projects as preferred way to accomplish
goals
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
26/48
The =efinition of a ?Project@
!odern project management +egan with the!anhattan Project
In the early days, project management was used
mainly for &ery comple1 projects %s the tools +ecame +etter understood, they +egan to
tric/le down to smaller projects It has also mo&ed out of just manufacturing to
ser&ices
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
27/48
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
28/48
Major Characteristics of a Project
Importance
Performance
>ife cycle with a finite due date Interdependencies
ni.ueness
)esources
#onflict
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
29/48
1hy Project Management3
The main purpose for initiating a project is to
accomplish some goal
Project management increases the li/elihood of
accomplishing that goal
Project management gi&es us someone 9the project
manager; to spearhead the project and to hold
accounta+le for its completion
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
30/48
egative 7ide to Project Management
Breater organi$ational comple1ity
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
31/48
Project 2ife Cycles
#onceptuali$ation - the de&elopment of the initial
goal and technical specifications*
Planning = all detailed specifications, schedules,
schematics, and plans are de&eloped
(1ecution = the actual wor/ of the project is
performed
Termination= project is transferred to the customer,resources reassigned, project is closed out*
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
32/48
Time =istribution of Project !ffort
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
33/48
Project 2ife Cycles"an #ours
Conceptualization $lanning %ecution Termination
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
34/48
Project 2ife Cycles and Their !ffects
Conceptualization $lanning %ecution Termination
Uncertainty
Client &nterest
$ro'ect (take
Creativity
)esources
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
35/48
Managerial Actions
in the Project 2ife6Cycle Phases
Conceptual Phase Aetermine that a project is needed
(sta+lish goals
(stimate the resources that the organi$ation is willing to commit
JSell the organi$ation on the need for a project approach !a/e /ey personnel %ppointments
Planning Phase Aefine the project organi$ation
Aefine the project targets
Prepare the schedule for the e1ecution Phase
Aefine and allocate tas/s and resources
'uild the project team
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
36/48
The Project 2ife Cycle
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
37/48
Another Possible Project 2ife Cycle
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
38/48
:isk =uring at the 7tart of the 2ife Cycle
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
39/48
:isk =uring the 2ife Cycle
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
40/48
P:;< M4MT I PABI7TA
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
41/48
Proj Mgmt in Pakistan )ole of Planning #ommission
Plans, Programmes and Projects
Types of Plans, Pgms and Proj Idea generation and selection =
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
42/48
P:;< M4MT6 1A D;:1A:=
Feasi+ility studies Pilot Proj
Formulation
%ppraisal %ppro&al
Implementation
(&aluation Termination
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
43/48
D!A7I$I2IT 7T%=I!7 E PI2;T P:;
le&els of the go&ernment, a feasi+ility or pre-feasi+ility study 9A
formal survey to determine worthiness of the roosed roject; is ordered
depending upon the si$e of the Plan or Programme to +eunderta/en* The Feasi+ility Studies report +ac/ the following3
The si$e and nature of the demand
%&aila+le alternati&es with costs
%&aila+ility of needed manpower
#osts estimates
Financial outlay with +enefits
!ajor constraints 9Technological social administrati&e;
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
44/48
'ased on the feasi+ility study, the Proj formulation
ta/es place +y filling up P#-4* ac/ of data places
immense +urden on the Proj !anager to unearth
rele&ant data and endea&or to pro&e to his +osses of
the correctness of the Proj*
P:;< D;:M%2ATI;
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
45/48
P:;< APP:AI7A2
It is a comple1 jo+ to +e done +y professionals* The purpose of the
appraisal 9P#-4; is to facilitate the decision regarding the appro&al of a
plan for implementation particularly the in&estment decisions* The
appraisal includes among others3
"ecessary modifications to original ideas to ma/e them loo/ attracti&e to
foreign donors
%dministrati&e, managerial and technical capa+ility of the Org*
Proj costs 9#apital, Operational, !aintenance, )ecurring, (sta+lishment
e1penditures, etc;
Schedule of Wor/
Financial phasing
)e&iew of the Proj for reasons of O+jecti&es, #osts, and Time
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
46/48
P:;
The most lethargic and at times most speedier
action consists of admin %ppro&al and
Financial %ppro&al* !ost of the good Projectsne&er see the day light due a+sence of
financial appro&al* %t times Projects are
started on the wrong demise that finances
would +e made a&aila+le in due course* In
fact, they ne&er +ecome a&aila+le*
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
47/48
IMP2!M!TATI;
The Projects are implemented +y a specially
selected team designated as Proj Team that
wor/s under the guidance of Proj !gr*
Zahid
7/23/2019 Lec 1 PM ch01-1
48/48
% specially designated team chosen and
authori$ed +y the higher organi$ation usually
inspects and e&aluates the Proj as per Proj%ppraisal criteria* This may happen on
completion or during different stages of the
Proj*
P:;
Zahid