Upload
charles-villain
View
105
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Les systèmes et les moyens d’observation de la région Méditerranéenne
(air, terre, mer).
Stéphane Blain
Avec le concours de G. Bergametti, F. Dulac, P. Cochonnat, V. Ducrocq
OSU Banyuls/merUniversité Pierre et marie Curie
La région méditerranéenne ?
LAND
SEA
AIR
Coast line 46,000 km , surface 2.5 106 km2
LAND
SEA
AIR
La région méditerranéenne ?
LAND
SEA
AIR
La région méditerranéenne ?
.
….. formerly known as GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), is a European initiative for the implementation of information services dealing with environment and security
Kopernikus is based on observation data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground based information. These data will be coordinated, analysed and prepared for end-users.
Kopernikus is built up gradually: it starts with a pilot phase which targets the availability of a first set of operational GMES services by 2008 followed by the development of an extended range of services which meet user requirements.
KOPERNIKUS,….observing our planet for a safer word
LAND
SEA
AIR
EU-funded Integrated Projects developing pre-operational GMES services
GEOLAND , MERSEA,PREVIEW, GEMS, LIMES EU-Funded Projects supporting GMES Implementation
BOSS4GMES, HUMBOLDT –TANGO
Network of Excellence supporting security applications under GMES
GMOSS
ESA GMES Services Element FOREST, LAND, TERRAFIRMA, RIS-EOS, RESPOND
GMFS MARCOAST POLAR VIEW MARISS PROMOTE Other Projects in Support of GMES ActivitiesGIGAS, NESIS, OASIS, ORCHESTRA, OSIRIS, WIN
LAND
SEA
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
Mediterranean Sea SST as seen by the MFS 1/16° forecasting system
In situ observing systemFloatsTimes seriesVesselsGliders Data ManagmentArgoGOSUdOCEANSITESENACT/ENSEMBLEQuality control
LAND
SEA
AIR
MERSEA
What observations do we have ?What observations do we have ?
LAND
SEA
AIR
EURO GOOS
Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections
LAND
AIR
EURO GOOS
Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections
SEA
Toute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUSToute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUS
AMP, Natura 2000, CENSUS OF MARINE
LAND
AIR
SEA Also SESAME, EUROSITES
EUROCEANS …..
Towards an integrated system of Mediterranean marine observatories La Spezia (Italy), 16 - 19 January 2008, 144 p. (234 refs).
Mussel watch
Other EUprojects
The prototype atmospheric services of Kopernikus are currently provided by two cooperating consortia that operate
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
SEA
the PROMOTE GMES Service Element project funded by the European Space Agency,
and the GEMS project funded by the European Commission as part of the 6th Framework Programme for Research, Technical Development and Demonstration.
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
SEA
Global and regional Earth-system (Atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data (GEMS)
LAND
AIR
Mais aussi
SEA
ACCENT : Atmospheric composition change the european network of excellenceA number of research infrastructures (research
aircraft, laboratory facilities, advanced analytical instrumentation and/or monitoring stations) are currently operational in Europe for atmospheric studies. New methodologies for the investigation of atmospheric mechanisms, generation of original and high quality data for modelling purposes have emphasised the need for advanced facilities over Europe.
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS PREVIEW : Fires, Windstorms, floods, lanslides, Earthquake and vulcanoes, man made
SEA
Land Environmental Services operationally provide sound, reliable and affordable land related geo-information products on the regional, European and global scale.
By the combined analysis of data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground based measuring networks theses services provide wide-area and cross-boarder harmonized geo-information products for a multitude of thematic areas, like land use / land cover change, soil sealing, water quality and availability, spatial planning, forest management, carbon storage and global food security.
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
SEA
GEOLAND Observatories
The Regional Services focus on the implementation of newly established European Directives:
Nature protection observatories (ONP) addressing the Habitats and Bird Directive, the Ramsar Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity;
Spatial Planning Observatories (OSP) addressing the European Spatial Development Perspective, and the European Spatial Observatory Network.
Water and Soil Observatory (OWS) addressing the Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, and the Water Framework Directive; this observatory is subdivided into the thematic areas OWS-Water and OWS-Soil;
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
SEA The Global Services are directed towards the support of policies addressing Global
Change and Sustainable Development:
Natural carbon Fluxes Observatories addressing the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change;
Global land Cover and Forest Change Observatory (OLF) addressing the UN Forum on Forest, and the Forest and Development Communication of the Commission, Support of Environmental Measure in Developing Countries;
LAND
AIR
KOPERNIKUS
SEA
http://www.gmes-forest.info/pages/service_ghg.htm
LAND
AIR
SEA
KOPERNICUS PREVIEW
Turquie
Grèce
ESONET European Sea Observatory Network of Excellence
LAND
AIR
SEA
EMSO European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory (listedIn the European strategy forum on Research Infrastructure ESFRI)
LIGURIAN SITE
Mais aussi
LAND
SEA
AIR
ET EN FRANCE ?
Services d’Observation de l’INSU
LAND
AIR
SEA
Observatoires de Recherche en Environnement (ORE)
Atmosphere : 9 SO
Ocean : 5 SO
SIC : 6 SO
Terre : 8 SO
+ 2 sites nationaux d’observation
ET EN FRANCE ?
LAND
AIR
SEA
BEAM : Biophysicochimie de l'Eau Atmosphérique et Modifications anthropiques
CESOA : Cycle atmosphérique du soufre en relation avec le climat aux moyennes et hautes latitudes Sud
GLACIOCLIM : Les glaciers un observateur du climat
NDSC France : Réseau d'observation des changements de la stratosphère et notamment de l'ozone
IDAF: Les glaciers un observateur du climat
MOZAIC : Measurements of OZone and water vapour by in-service AIrbus airCraft
ORA/photon : Observatoire de Recherche sur les AérosolsPAES: Pollution Atmosphérique à l'Echelle Synoptique
RAMCES: Réseau Atmosphérique de Mesure des Composés à Effet de Serre
ET EN FRANCE ?
LAND
AIR
SEA
French Observatories
OISO : Océan Indien Service d'Observation / CARbon AUStral
SOMLIT : Service d’observation du milieu littoral
ROSAME : Réseau d'Observation Sub-antarctique et Antarctique du niveau de la MEr
SSS: Service d'observation de la salinité des océans, Sea Surface Salinity
PIRATA : PIlot Research moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic
Réseaux de surveillance de l’IFREMER
RNO, REPHY, REMI, RSL, RINBIO, surveillance malaïgue
MOOSE : Mediterranean Ocean Observation multi-Sites on Environment
LAND
AIR
SEA
French Observatories
AMMA-CATCH : Observatoire de la variabilité climatique Tropicale et de son impact hydrologique en Afrique de l'OuestBVET : Fonctionnement hydrogéochimique de Bassins Versants Expérimentaux en milieu granitique Tropical
OHMCV : Observatoire Hydro-Météorologique méditerranéen Cévennes-Vivarais
H+: Réseau national de sites hydrogéologiques
HYBAM : HYdrologie et Biogéochimie de l'AMazone
OSR : Observatoire régional sur les surfaces et interfaces continentales
+ ….
LAND
AIR
SEA
French Observatories
RAP : Réseau accélérométrique permanent
Renag : Réseau national des stations GPS permanentes
Renass: réseau national de surveillance sismique
+ site ligure de EMSO, …
SO en Géodésie Gravimétrie
SO magnétisme
SO sismologie
SO volcanologie
LAND
AIR
SEA
QUESTIONS?
Quel est le degré exact de l’implication des observatoires francais pertinent pour l’observation de la région méditerranéenne dans le dispositif Européen actuel.
Forte Dissymétrie Europe – Afrique Moyen Orient de la densité des Observations de terrain Air Terre Mer
Quels efforts sont à fournir pour faire mieux.
Quel est le degré d’intégration air/terre/mer et air-terre-merpour les observations françaises de la région méditerranéenne
Niveau national
Niveau européen
Niveau pan-méditerranéen
en liaison avec les chantiers: ce dispositif est il suffisant, à modifierà compléter dans une perspective post-chantier?