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1IBM _
Liberty – Right Fit for MicroProfile
Alasdair Nottingham, IBM, STSM, WebSphere Runtime ArchitectKevin Sutter, IBM, STSM, Java EE ArchitectJavaOne Sept 2016
JavaOne 2016
Who Are We?
Kevin SutterWebSphere Java EE [email protected]
Alasdair NottinghamWebSphere Liberty [email protected]
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What is MicroProfile?
• http://microprofile.io/
• Optimizing Enterprise Java for a Microservices Architecture
• Complements Java EE – not a replacement for Java EE
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A long time ago in a country far, far away…
• Our development team has a lot of recurring meetings:– Design issues– Iteration demos
• Everyone dials in ok, but we tend to have a lot of confusion about the e-meeting at the start of every call:
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Who’s hosting this call anyway?Are we on the primary or
secondary e-meeting today?
Is it lunchtime yet?Has anyone seen Erin today? She’s not online
– Release planning– …
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But then, we had an idea!
• What if we had one URL for everyrecurring meeting?– e.g. http://w3.liberty/meetings/designIssues
• Meeting owner can configure their e-meeting
• Participants notified if it hasn’t started yet, or automatically redirected to the e-meeting
• Anyone can take over the meeting if the owner doesn’t show up
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What happens when we’re away…
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…and again…
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…and again…
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…and again…
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So where do we start?
• Well, we need an app server…
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We want something very simple now…
• Start small, fast, and simple
• Pay only for what your application needs
Feature Manager HTTP Transport Application Manager
servlet jsp
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…that will scale with the needs of our app…
Application ManagerHTTP TransportFeature Manager
jpaservlet
jsp
jsf
jndi jdbc
sessionDatabasemonitor
wab
blueprint
jaxrs
json
restConnector
osgi.jpa
appSecurity
ssl
localConnector beanValidation
ejbLite cdi managedBeans
oauth collectiveMember ldapRegistry webCache
wasJmsClient wasJmsServer
wasJmsSecurityjmsMdb
jaxws
clusterMember
concurrent
wmqJmsClientwsSecurity
mongodb jaxb
collectiveControllerzosSecurity zosTransaction
zosWlm
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… that supports rapid development…• Sparse configuration – intelligent defaults, configure only what you need
• Automating reloading of configuration and applications
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…so we decide to use Liberty
• Java EE Web profile support in ~50 Mb archive• Starts in a couple second and only uses 50 Mb RAM• From lightweight development to the largest production app, Liberty
scales with the requirements of your application
• First 2Gb RAM in production free!
Tomcat 7.0.12 JBoss 7.0 Web Profile
GlassFish 3.1 Web Profile
Liberty Profile0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1.7
5.3
7.8
2.334
93104
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Startup & Footprint Comparison of various lightweight servers
Startup timeFootprint
Star
tup
time
in s
econ
ds (L
ower
is B
ette
r)
Foot
prin
t in
MB
(Low
er is
Bet
ter)
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Meeting App
Ok, let’s get started!
Database
• Great! … but how do we start building it?• We’re going to need a REST service … some kind of singleton…
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Solution: MicroProfile 1.0
• JAX-RS is the Java EE API for creating RESTful web services– We’ll use JAX-RS to expose REST services for the list of meetings, a
particular meeting’s details, and updating both
• CDI (Context and Dependency Injection) provides for simple POJO managed beans– We’ll use CDI managed beans to ensure that we only have a single list of
meetings and users (which can then be injected into other beans)
• JSON-P provides for parsing JSON documents– We’ll use JSON-P for processing the JSON arguments on the JAX-RS
services
microProfile-1.0
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Solution: CDI
• CDI (Context and Dependency Injection) provides for simple POJO managed beans
• Included in the Java EE web profile (and microProfile-1.0!)
• We’ll create a managed bean to ensure that we only have a single list of meetings and users (which can then be injected into other beans)
cdi-1.2
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Time to code!
• Install the WebSphere Developer Tools from the Eclipse Marketplace
• Supports WAS v7, v8, v8.5, and v9, including Liberty
• Could also use the extended set of tools available in Rational Application Developer or Rational Software Architect
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DemoBuilding a MicroProfile application
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Ok, we have a MicroProfile service!
• … or do we? How do we test it?
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Meeting App
• How do we tell someone how to build the front end?
?
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Solution: API Discovery
• Swagger is the defacto standard for documenting REST services
• API Discovery feature adds Swagger support to Liberty
• Merges Swagger from annotations or separate Swagger docs– Documentation!
• Provides API Explorer to browse and test REST services– Testing!
apiDiscovery-1.0
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DemoUsing Swagger to define our API
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Ok, now on to the client!
• Trouble is, neither of us are great at web UI
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Time to call Erin!
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But I only do microservices now!
Hey Erin, could you throw together a UI for us?
Ok, ok. Try this out…
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DemoThe New UI
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Architect intervention
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Hey, don’t take all the glory! Share the project so I can code too!
I hear you got promoted. Sure you still know how?
L
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DemoSharing code via Git
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Going beyond MicroProfile 1.0…
• The first release of MicroProfile is limited (by design)…
• But, that doesn’t stop us from using additional features available in Liberty...
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Problem: Old data lying around…
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Hey, I just tried the app and it joined me to last week’s e-meeting! It should really clean things up
Well, I guess I *did* say I wanted to code…
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Solution: Concurrency Utilities
• Concurrency Utilities is the Java EE API for concurrency and background tasks
• Builds on Java SE concurrency, but supports running within a container/managed thread environment. Context is propagated from the main thread
• We’ll use concurrency utilities to kick off a background task and clean up the meeting URL
concurrent-1.0
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DemoBackground tasks with Concurrency Utilities
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Problem: Persisting meeting data
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While you’re at it, it would be nice if we didn’t have to recreate the meetings every time we restart the server …
‘Nuf said…
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Solution: MongoDB
• There are lots of options for persistence: JDBC, JPA, CouchDB, MongoDB, … in this case we just want something simple and pick MongoDB
• We’ll use MongoDB to persist meeting details
mongodb-2.0
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DemoUsing MongoDB for Persistence
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Performance concerns
• After some initial use, we notice an awful lot of traffic on the server
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Solution: WebSockets
• The WebSocket protocol is a standard for efficient, bi-directional communication
• Standardized for Java via WebSocket API and part of the Java EE 7 spec
• We’ll use WebSockets to notify clients when a meeting is started to avoid polling (and, thus, improve performance)
websocket-1.1
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DemoUsing WebSockets
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Great, the app is finally complete!
• But where do we want to host the app?
?
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Option 1: Liberty server package
• We could use a Liberty server package for deployment
• server package creates archive of config + app + runtime (optional) for redistribution– minify option creates a completely custom server
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Option 2: SoftLayer
• VMWare on IBM Cloud
• We could host WAS Liberty VMs in the cloud
on
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Option 3: Bluemix
• Bluemix is an open-standards, cloud-based platform for building, managing, and running apps of all types
• Deploy an application artifact (e.g. .war) with minimal direction (e.g. # of instances, memory required) and Bluemix does the rest:– Sets up infrastructure, deploys runtime & artifact, binds services, routes
traffic, …
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DemoProduction on Bluemix
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Yay! We’re done!
• Everyone open your phones and go to:
http://meetings.mybluemix.net
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A look back at the hour…
Application, configuration, and even feature changes happen
automatically!
Minimal restarts
Consistent, simple experience for each new feature
mongodbmicroProfile …
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Configurability of Liberty
<!-- Enable features --><featureManager>
<feature>microProfile-1.0</feature> <!–- cdi, jaxrs, jsonp -->
<feature>concurrent-1.0</feature> <!–- background tasks --><feature>mongodb-2.0</feature> <!–- persistence --><feature>webSocket-1.1</feature> <!–- performance -->
<!–- make it real... --><feature>appSecurity-2.0</feature> <!–- basic app security --><feature>ssl-1.0</feature> <!–- ssl support -->
</featureManager>
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WebSphere Liberty: The Right Fit for MicroProfile and Java EE
http://microprofile.io
http://wasdev.net/accelerate
JavaOne 2016
MicroProfile 1.0 Released!
Microservice Collaboration and Innovation in the Java Community
microprofilelunch.com, Thursday 11:30am - 2:00pm
Learn more at microprofile.io
MicroProfile BOF, Tuesday 10:30 - 11:30, Hilton Lombard Room(3rd tower, 6th floor)
48IBM _
Thank You!
Alasdair Nottingham | [email protected] | @notatibmKevin Sutter | [email protected] | @kwsutter
JavaOne 2016
What we didn’t cover
• Cool things you can do with the config, including variables, references, config dropins, …
• Cool things in the latest release, including the Bluemix service utility, …
• Liberty’s clean API and classloader visibility ensure your applications are portable
• Zero migration ensures our app and configuration will run for years to come
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Visit WASdev.net for all things Liberty!
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Demos
• JAX-RS & CDI Managed Bean• API-Discovery• Client UI• Git• JSR-236 Concurrency• MongoDB• WebSockets• Publish to Bluemix
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