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lPpk vt+knkj
ys[kd
ekSgEen “kqtkbZ
vuqokn
lS0 dkSlj eqtrck ud+oh
izdk”kd
[kku, Qjgax tewgjh blykeh bZjku
ubZ fnYyh
(2)
fdrkc dk uke & vt+knkjs gd+hd+h ¼Q+kjlh½ ys[kd & ekSgEEkn “kqtkbZ ¼bZjku½
vuqokn & lPpk vt+knkj ¼fgUnh½
vuqoknd & ekSykuk dkSlj eqtrck
dEi;wVj VkbZfiax & tkQ+jh dEi;wVlZ
izdk”kd
[kku, Qjgax tewgjh blykeh bZjku
ubZ fnYyh
(3)
Hkwfedk
csgn vge ekSt+wvkr esa ls ,d [k+kl ekSt+w eklwehu dh ikdht+k
d+cjksa o vkSy;k,nhu ds et+kjksa dh ft+;kjr gS ;k mudh “kgknr
dh rkjh[k+ksa esa lksxokjh vkSj mudh foyknr dh rkjh[k+ksa esa [+kq”kh o
egfQ+y vkSj tks Hkh fnu rkjh[k+ muls eulwc gS [k+kl rkSj ls
l¸;nq””kqgnk beke gqlSu dh fd ftudh vt+er bLykeh nk;js esa
gh vt+he ugha cfYd nqfu;k dh reke d+kSesa mudks bT+t+r dh vkyk
efUt+y ij tkurh gSaA vk;rksa o fjok;rksa ls irk pyrk gS fd
vYykg dh ut+j esa ekSgEen o vkys ekSgEen ls T+;knk egcwc u
dksbZ e[k+ywd Fkh vkSj u gksxhA og lc ,d gh uwj gSa ftudh ,d
gh gd+hdr gS mlds ckotwn gt+jrs bekes gqlSu dh ft+Eesnkjh ml
oD+r ds gkykr ds ,srckj ls dqN vyx rjhd+s ij Fkh [k+klrkSj ls
ftl ft+Eesnkjh dks vYykg us vkids lqiqnZ fd;k Fkk vkSj mlesa
[k+kl mtkyk o uwj j[kk mlh uwj dh otg ls lkjs bUlkuksa vkSj
[k+kldj eksesuhu ds fny jkS”ku gksrs gSaA
bUgh otgksa ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk [k+kl ejrck vkSj mudh
vt+knkjh ls yksxkas dks lh/ks jkLrs dh fgnk;r feyrh gSA vYykg us
pkgk fd d+;ker rd vkidh vkSj vkidh d+qjckuh dh ;kn ckd+h
jgs vkSj nqfu;k ds gj dksus esa gj d+kSe vkidh vt+knkjh cjik djsA
nqfu;k dh lkjh tkfr;ka viuh fHkUurk ds ckn Hkh beke gqlSu dh
“kf[+l;r dks lEekfur vkSj yksdfiz; ekurh gS vkSj bl gd+hd+r
lPpk vt+knkj
(4)
dks csgrj <ax ls le>us ds fy, eksgZje o lQ+j esa etfylksa ds
cs”kqekj izksxzke dks ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd ns”k fons”k cfYd nqfu;k
ds lHkh ns”kksa esa vyx vyx et+gc ds yksx fdl d+nj vt+knkjh
djrs gS D;wafd bUlkuksa esa beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ tSlh dksbZ nwljh
“kf[+l;r ut+j ugha vkrh fd ftldks reke d+kSeksa ds ekuus okys
;kn djrs gksa vkSj mudh vt+knkjh djrs gksaA
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh ls T+;knk et+gcs bLyke dh lqj{kk
vkSj mldks nq”euksa ds vkrad ls cpkus ;k mldks c<+kok nsus ds
fy, dksbZ nwljk dke Fkk u gS ;k nwljh rjg ;w¡ dgk tk, fd bu
etfylksa dks nhu ds ckd+h j[kus vkSj :gs nhu o nhunkjh dk cgqr
vge olhyk vkSj t+fj;k le>uk pkfg,A blhfy, vkx+k [+kqeSuh
lkgc us D;k vPNk dgk gS &
^^beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ us bLyke dks futkr nh vkSj gesa pkfg, fd
ml “k[+l ij jkst+kuk jks;sa fd ftlus bLyke dks futkr nh fd og
d+qckZu gks x;k fygkt+k gesa pkfg, fd ge jkst+kuk feEcj ij tkdj
bl fe”ku dh fgQ+kt+r djsa eksgjZe o lQ+j tks bLyke dks ft+Unk
j[ks gq, gSa ;s beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh fQ+nkdkjh gS fd ftldh otg
ls bLyke gekjs fy, ft+Unk gSA** ¼lghQ+, uwj] ftYn 8@ist 69½
bZjku vkSj nwljs eqYdksa esa gj lky djksM+ksa eqlyeku o xSj eqfLye
vius vjcksa :i;s vkSj vjcksa ?kaVs dsoy blh vt+knkjh ds fy;s [k+pZ
djrs gSa] ysfdu vQ+lksl dh ckr ;g gS fd vt+knkjh ,d yEcs
vjls ls viuh vgfe;r vkSj bLykeh rgt+hc ds ckotwn dqN
lPpk vt+knkj
(5)
[k+rjksa vkSj [k+jkfc;ksa ls nks pkj gks jgh gS ftlls mldk ed+ln
[+kRe gks jgk gSA
bUgh vkQ+rksa dh otg ls vt+knkjh dh rjD+d+h vkSj mldk vuks[kk
gksuk lkeus ugha vk jgk gS ;k nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;w¡ dgk tk, fd
etkfyl cjik djus okyksa dks og ikdht+k vljkr ut+j ugha vk
jgs tks vYykg vkSj vkSfy;k, [+kqnk us bu etfylksa ls gkfly gksus
ds fy, Q+jek, FksA l¸;nq””kqgnk ds d+;ke ds [k+kl ed+lnksa ds
eqrkfcd+ lgh vt+knkjh dh bLykgh d+qnjr bl d+nj T+;knk gS fd
vxj vt+knkjs gqlSuh bl dq+njreUn olhys ls lgh rjhd+s ij
Q+k;nk gkfly djrs vkSj bu reke [k+jkfc;ksa dks blesa “kkfey gksus
ls jksdrs rks bLykeh lekt] o nqfu;k, bLyke iwjh rjg dke;kch
ikrs tcfd vkt iLrh o ukdkeh ls nks pkj gSaA
vxj LkHkh f”k;k iSx+kekrs vk”kwjk ij [k+kl roTtks djrs vkSj mls
vPNh rjg vius fy;s vkbfM;y cukrs rks vkt og nqfu;koh vkSj
:gkuh ,rckj ls rjDdh okys lekt esa cny x, gksrs vkSj bu
lHkh eqf”dyksa vkSj eq[k+rfyQ+ ijs”kkfu;ksa ls bLykeh lekt nks pkj
u gksrkA
vxj vk”kwjk ds iSx+ke dks lgh rjhd+s ls gkfly fd;k tkrk
vkSj vt+knkjh o lksxokjh dk d+kQ+yk mlh flEr tkrk tks eklwehu
dh et+hZ ds eqrkfcd+ Fkk rks ge bUd+sykcs bLykeh ds brus vjls
ckn Hkh bu [k+jkfc;ksa] Q+lkn] Q+D+j o fiNM+siu ds f”kdkj u gksrsA
vxj lksxokjh esa njls djcyk ij /;ku fn;k tkrk rks gekjh
gqdwer dk [+kt+kuk eq[k+rfyQ+ cqjkbZ;ksa vkSj b[k+rsykQ+ esa [k+pZ u
lPpk vt+knkj
(6)
gksrk vkSj bLyke ds nq”euksa dks viuh rgt+hc ds jkbt djus esa
bl rjg dke;kch u feyrhA
nqfu;k dh fdlh d+kSe ;k et+gc ds ikl bUlkuh rjD+d+h o usdh
dk bruk et+cwr olhyk ugha gS exj vQ+lksl fd bLykeh lekt
brus vPNs olhys ls c[+kwch Q+k;nk gkfly u dj ldkA vQ+lksl
fd bruh vt+he iwath ls bLyke ds ulhc vkSj eqlyekuksa o beke
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds vly ed+lns d+;ke ¼tax½ dks cgqr de Q+k;nk
gks jgk gSA
nwljs yQ+tksa esa ;w¡ dgk tk;s fd ,gyscSr us ftu vge vkSj
vt+knkjh ds vlyh ed+kfln ds fy;s vt+k vkSj etkfyl dh
cqfu;kn j[kh blds fy;s /;ku fnyk;k vkSj rkdhn dh] vkt vjcksa
?kaVs vkSj vjcksa :i;s [k+pZ djus ds ckn Hkh mu ed+kfln dk ,d
ekewyh fgLlk gks jgk gSA
bLykeh lekt dks bl t+ekus ls T+;knk fdlh t+ekus esa Hkh bl
vt+he dq+njr ls Q+k;nk mBkuss vkSj etkfyl cjik djds eklwehu
ds njls fgnk;r vkSj vk”kwjk ds iSx+kekr ls Q+k;nk gkfly djus
dh EkkSgrkth ugha gqbZ ys[kd us 1990 ls vt+knkjh dk Q+ylQ+k
c;ku djus ds fy;s eq[k+rfyQ+ tylksa esa rd+jhjsa dh gSa vkSj
ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk dh “kjg Hkh c;ku dh blfy;s fd bLykeh lekt
vHkh rd Hkh bl vt+he olhys ls nhu ds eqd+n~nl ed+kfln ds
gkfly djus vkSj nq”euksa ls eqd+kcys esa dkQ+h vkSj t+:jh Q+k;nk
ugha gkfly dj ldk gS ftlls eq>s jat gksrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(7)
eSa ges”kk blh lksp esa jgrk Fkk fd “kk;n vt+knkjh dh vt+erks
eaft+yr ij ,d rQ+lhyh fdrkc fy[kh tk; rks og blds
blykgh] lekth vkSj [k+kl rkSj ls bjQ+kuh o rkSghnh vljkr esa
eqQ+hn lkfcr gks ysfdu esjh csiukg eL:fQ+;r bl dke esa ck/kk
cuh jgh gkaykafd ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk dh “kjg ij bl flyflys esa
cgqr gh de fy[kk x;k gSA vkSj eSa bl lksp esa jgk fd bl oD+r
bl cM+s vkSj rQ+lhyh dke ds fy, gkykr vkSj rkSQ+hdk+r ugha gSaA
fygkt+k csgrj gS fd ,d ekewyh fdrkc fy[kdj yksxksa vkSj
[k+kunkus ogh ds pkgus okyksa [k+kl rkSj ls lS ;nq””kqgnk ds pkgus
okyksa dks is”k dj nw¡ rkfd ,d ekewyh dke bl vPNss jkLrs ds fy,
rS;kj gks vkSj bu uwjkuh etfylksa ls csgrj ls csgrj Q+k;nk gks
vkSj eSa ekSyk vyh dh bl uwjkuh Q+jekb”k ij py ldwa& ^^tc og
u gks ftls rqe pkgrs gks rks tks gks mlh dks pkgks ^A
mEehn gS fd [+kqnk bldks Hkh iwjk djus dh rkSQ+hd+ vrk djsxkA
bl fdrkc esa ik¡p ejgys gSa ,d lPps vt+knkj ds fy, ,d olhyk
gksus dh rjg ls jksuk vkSj vt+knkjh ls mldk rkYyqd+] blh rjg
vt+knkjh ds fy, [k+rjs tks bl t+ekus esa iSnk gq, gSa bu lc ckrksa
ij FkksM+h FkksM+h jks”kuh Mkyh x;h gSA blh rjg rgd+hd+h rkSj ls
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh o etfyl ls csgrjhu Q+k;nksa dks
ns[kk x;k gS vkSj bu etkfyl ls vge ed+ln ds gkfly gksus ij
Hkh utj+ j[kh xbZ gSA
vkSj blh rjg ,sgyscSr dh eqlhcrksa dh ot+kgr vkSj muesa ls gekjh
ft+Eesnkfj;ka D;k gSa] crkbZ x;h gSa bU”kk vYykg [+kqnk dh ckjxkg
lPpk vt+knkj
(8)
vkSj ,sgyscSr ds ut+nhd ;s fdrkc ed+cwy gksxh vkSj i<+us okyksa ds
fy, Hkh Q+k;nseanA
vkf[k+j esa t+:jh le>rk gw¡ fd viuh tkSt+k ¼choh½ fd ftUgksaus esjh
nwljh fdrkcksa dh rjg bl fdrkc ds rS ;kj djus esa Hkh ijs”kkuh
mBkbZ vkSj esjs HkkbZ tukc jt+k d+jhch] esjh cguksa esa utek lknkr
e”kgnh] t+gjk cjkjh o ej;e tokfn;ku ftUgksaus esjh bl fdrkc
dks rS ;kj djus esa esjh enn dh eSa bu lHkh dk fny dh xgjkbZ ls
“kqfØ;k vnk djrk gw¡A
vk”kk gS fd ;s fdrkc fgUnh vuqokn ds ckn nqfu;k ds reke
eqlyekuksa vkSj eqfgCckus vgyscSr fo”ks’kr’kk cjsZ lxhj ls lac/k j[kus
okys vkys jlwy ¼l0½ ds vdhnreanksa ds fy, ykHknk;d gsxhA
blds fy, eSa fganh ds vuqoknd Jh lS;n dkSlj eqtrck udoh dks
/kU;okn nsrk gw¡A lkFk gh lkFk vknj.kh; Jh Mk0 djhe utQh
dYpjy dkmalyj] t&9] bZjku ¼ubZ fnYyh½ dk “kqdzxqtkj
gw¡ftudh dksf”k”kksa ls fganh dk laLdj.k izdkflr gqvkA
vYgenksfyYykgs jfCcy vkyehu
ekSgEen “kqtkbZ
d+qe bZjku
lPpk vt+knkj
(9)
Hkkx & 1
vt+knkjh D;k gS\ 10
vt+knkjh t+:jh gksus ij d+qjku dh nyhysa 10
[+k+qnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he ¼bT+Tk+r½ 13
,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr okftc gS 14
Ekklwehu dk vyx vyx vt+knkjh dk rjhd+k 16
“kgknr ls igys vt+knkjh 16
“kgknr ds ckn vt+knkjh 16
vt+knkjh ds fy;s iw¡th vyx djuk 17
vt+knkjh dk lokc crkdj mldks c<+kok nsuk 18
vt+knkjh dk lokc vYykek rckrckbZ dh ut+j es 28
,d x+yr lksp dk tokc
¼jksuk xqukgksa dh NwV ugha nsrk½ 28
¼v½ jksus ds urhts 29
¼c½ iSjoh vkSj [+kqnk dk Mj ekSgCcr ds fy, t+:jh 30
eqlhcrs vt+he ¼cM+h eqlhcr½ ds fy, bekes
t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk ut+j;k 38
lPpk vt+knkj
(10)
vt+knkjh D;k gS \
vt+knkjh ;kn djus vkSj crkus ls cuh ysfdu mldks ;kn
djuk tks fdlh eqlhcr eas f?kjk gks ;k ,Sls dks ;kn djuk tks
fdlh nq?kZVuk dk tkurs gq, ;k vutkuh dk f”kdkj gks x;k gks
tSls d+Ry vkfn vkSj nqfu;k ls pyk x;k gks blesa Hkh dksbZ “kd
ugha fd bUlku izkdfrd #Ik ls gh Hkwy pwd dk f”kdkj gksrk gS
;gk¡ rd fd tks mlds fy, Q+k;nk j[krh gS og mudks Hkh Hkqyk
nsrk gS ,Sls esa vxj mls mlh oD+r eas og pht+ ;kn fnyk nh tk;
rks og cjcknh vkSj eR;q ls cp ldrk gS vkSj mu Q+k;nk nsus okyh
pht+kas ij /;ku djds og Q+k;nk mBk ldrk gS nqfu;k cukus okys
dk ,d [k+kl d+kuwu ;g gS fd gj pht+ tks bUlku ds nqfu;k o
vk[k+jr esa usdh ds fy, Q+k;nseUn o t+#jh gS mlls csijokgh
nqfu;k vkSj vk[k+jr ds uqd+lku dk dkj.k curh gS blhfy, mldks
fdlh Hkh rjg ls ml [k+kl pht+ dh rjQ+ /;ku djkuk vkSj mldh
ykijokgh dks nwj djuk t+#jh gSA
vt+knkjh dk t+:jh gksuk dqjvkuh nyhyksa ls
vYykg ds fnuksa dh ;kn vkSj mlds ekuh & d+qjvkus djhe
us ckj ckj mupht+kas dks dgk gS fd ftudks /;ku esa j[kus
ls bUlku dke;kc gks tkrk gS og ckrsa ;g gaS % [+kqnk vkSj
mlds uke vkSj vPNkbZ;ka] [+kqnk dh usersa] iSnk gksus dk
dkj.k] vk[k+jr vkSj ges”kxh] ekSr] cjt+[k d+;ker] vius
lPpk vt+knkj
(11)
dkeks dh tk¡p] tUurks nkst+[k] okftcks gjke] ufc;ks vkSj
bekekas ds ckjs es gekjh tks ft+Eesnkjh gS “kSrku vkSj mlds
lkFkh mldk /kksdk vkSj blh rjg dh nwljh ckras fd ftuds
ckjs esa d+qjvkus djhe us ;kn fnyk;k gS fd bUlku bu
pht+ks ds ckjs eas cs[k+cjh dk f”kdkj gks ldrk gS blfy,
mls ;kn fnykus fd t+#jr gS D;w¡fd ;g [+kqnk dh lqUur gS
tks dHkh Hkh cny ugha ldrhA og dHkh rks vyx vyx
?kVukvks ls bUlku dks ;kn fnykrk gS rks dHkh vius ufc;kas
ls pkgrk gS fd og bUlku dks og ckrsa ;kn fnyk, vkSj
bUlkuks gh ls pkgrk gS fd og mu t+:jh ckrkas dks ;kn
djsa vkSj muls cs[k+cj u jgas cfYd bl ls Hkh T+;knk ;g gS
fd og ,d nwljs dks ;g t+#jh ckrsa ;kn fnykrs jgas tSls
[+kqnk us ufc;kas dks ,d ckr ds ;kn fnykus dk gqDe fn;k
**vYykg ds fnu** ;kfu [+kqnk ds [k+kl fnuA
**vkSj geus ewlk dks viuh fu”kkfu;kas ¼eksftt+kr½ ds lkFk Hkstk fd
¼, ewlk½ viuh d+kSe dks vU/ksjs ls uwj dh rjQ+ fudky dj ykvks
vkSj mUgs [+kqnk ds fnuksa dh ;kn fnykvks fd cs “kd bu lHkh lcz
djus vkSj “kqdz djus okyksa ds fy, cgqr lh fu”kkfu;k¡ ikbZ tkrh
gSaA** ¼d+qjku½
T+kkfgj gS fd [+kqnk ds fnukas fd ;kn fnykuk Hkh yksxksa dks vU/kssjs ls
fudkydj uwj dh rjQ+ ys tkus dk ,d rjhd+k gSA vYykek
rckrckbZ [+kqnk ds fnuksa ds ckjs esa bl rjg dgrs gSa &**blesa dksbZ
“kd ugha fd **[+kqnk ds fnuksa** ls dqN [k+kl fnu eqjkn gaS vkSj mu
lPpk vt+knkj
(12)
fnuksa dks [+kqnk dh ;kn ls tksM+uk tcfd lkjs fnu cfYd nqfu;k dk
iSnk djus okyk ogh gS ;g bl otg ls gS fd mu fnuksa esa bl
rjg dh ckrsa lkeus vkrh gS ftu ls [+kqnk dh ;kn rkt+k gksrh gS
vkSj nwljs fnuksa eas ;g ckrs ugha gksrha rks ;g lkfcr gS fd [+k+qnk ds
fnuksa ls og fnu eqjkn gSa fd ftuesa mldk ,d gksuk ;k mldh
vk;rsa vkSj gqdwer dk irk pyk ;k irk pyrk gS tSls ekSr dk
fnu fd ml fnu [+kqnk dh vk[k+jr dh gqdwer dk Hkh irk pyrk gS
vkSj nqfu;k dh lkjh phts+a ml fnu csdkj gks tkrh gSa ;k tSls
d+;ker dk fnu fd ml fnu dksbZ Hkh fdlh pht+ dk ekfyd ugha
jg tk;sxk vkSj dksbZ dke fdlh ds cl esa u gksxk lkjk b[+rs;kj
[+kqnk ds gkFk gksxk ;k blh rjg tSls uwg] vkn] vkSj lewn dh d+kSe
ij vt+kc vk;k blh rjg ds fnu og fnu gaS fd tc [+kqnk dk
vt+kc mldk d+gj t+kfgj gqvk vkSj [+kqnk dh bT+t+r lc us ns[khA
;g Hkh eqefdu gS fd [+kqnk dh jgerks user okys fnu Hkh mUgha
fnuksa esa “kkfey gksa pkgs bu fnuksa esa [+kqnk dh usersa bl rjg izdV
gqbZa fd bl rjg fdlh Hkh fnu ugha feyrha tSls og fnu fd tukcs
uwg vkSj muds lkFkh d”rh ls ckgj vk;s vkSj [+kqnk ds lyke vkSj
cjdrksa esa “kkfey gq, vkSj ftl fnu bczkghe dks vkx ls cpk;kA
D;w¡fd bu tSls nwljs fnuksa dk lEcU/k [+kqnk ds flok fdlh nwljs ls
ugha gS cfYd [+kqnk ds fnuksa ls gh ukrk gS ftl rjg gj mEer ds
fnuksa dks muls lEcfU/kr fd;k x;k Fkk tSls vjcks ds
fnu&**t+hfod+kj fnu** **uT+Tk+kj fnol** **cqx+kl fnol** vkfnA
lPpk vt+knkj
(13)
blds ckn mUgksaus ,d gnhls jlwy fy[kh fd gt+jr us [+kqnk ds
fnuksa ds ckjs esa Q+jek;k **[+kqnk ds fnu mldh usersa vkSj cyk,sa gSaA**
eklwehu dh iSnkbZ”k vkSj “kgknr dh rkjh[+ksa Hkh ;d+huu [+kqnk ds
fnuksa esa “kkfey gSa fd ftlesa mudks ;kn djus ls bUlku dh
dke;kch vkSj vU/ksjs ls fudydj uwj rd vkus esa enn feyrh gS
,Slh vt+knkjh Hkh [+kqnk ds fnuksa dh ;kn fnykus okyh gS fd tks
bUlku dks eklwehu dh ;kn ds lkFk muds vkns”k] muds fy,
gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa vkSj muds elkbZc rd igqpk,sA
[+k+qnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he ¼bT+Tk+r½
Ekklwehu dh foyknrks “kgknr ds ckjs esa ,d [+kkl ckr ;g gS fd
mudks ;kn djuk Hkh [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he esa “kkfey gS
ftldk gqDe gesa dq+jku us fn;k vkSj mldks rd+ok ¼[+kqnk ds vkns”kksa
dk ikyu djus½ dk urhtk crk;k gSA **tks Hkh [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa
dh rkt+he djsxk rks og mlds fny ls rd+ok djus dh fu”kkuh
gSA**
**[+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;k¡** ;kuh gj og fu”kkuh ;k pht+ fd ftlls
bUlku dks [+kqnk ;kn vk tk;s vkSj og pht+ mls [+kqnk dh rjQ+
cqyk;s vkSj ,gyscSr [+kqnk dh lcls cM+h fu”kkfu;ksa esa ls gSa vkSj
mudh rkt+he [+kqnk dh rkt+he gS tSlk fd vYykek rckrckbZ
Q+jekrs gSaA
[+kqnk ds nksLr] tSls iSx+Ecjs vdje vkSj pkSng eklwe] vkfye vkSj
nhu ds cM+s yksx] dq+jkuks gnhl ls nksLrh vkSj mudh iSjoh djuk
;kuh tks pht+s Hkh bUlku dks [+kqnk dk /;ku fnyk,as og gd+hd+r esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(14)
[+kqnk ls nksLrh vkSj mldks gh [+kqnk ekuuk gS vkSj ;g fdlh Hkh
rjg f”kdZ ugha gSA blhfy, bu ls d+jhc gksuk [+kqnk ls d+jhc gksus
ds cjkcj gS vkSj budh rkt+he djuk gh rd+ok gS D;w¡fd [+kqnk dh
fu”kkfu;k¡ og vykersa gSa tks [+kqnk dh bcknr dh rjQ+ cqykrh gS
vkSj vk;r esa fdlh rjg dh d+Sn ;k “krZ ugha cfYd og lkjh pht+s
tks [+kqnk dh fu”kkuh vkSj vyker gSa vkSj bUlku dks [+kqnk dh ;kn
fnykrh gS lc blesa “kkfey gSa fd ftudh rkt+he] rd+os dh nyhy
gSA blhfy, d+qjku esa tks vk;rsa Hkh yksxksa dks rd+os dh rjQ+ cqykrh
gSa muesa ;g Hkh “kkfey gaSA
vkSj dksbZ Hkh vd+yean bldk bUdkj ugha dj ldrk fd bu pht+ksa
dks [+kqnk ds eqd+kcys lnSo le>us vkSj budks ges”kk uQ+k o
uqd+lku vkSj ft+Unxh o ekSr dk ekfyd ekuus ls og [+kqnk dh
fu”kkfu;ksa vkSj vykerksa ls ckgj fudy tkrh gaSA D;¡wfd ,slk
vd+hnk [+kqnk ds cM+s njts vkSj rkSghn ds f[+kykQ+ vkSj f”kdZ gSA
blhfy, vt+knkjh [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;kas dh rkt+he vkSj rd+ok ds
urhtksa esa “kkfey gS D;w¡fd blls bUlku dks [k+qnk dh ;kn vkrh gS
vkSj [+kqnk ds oyh **nksLr** Hkh bUlku dks [+kqnk dh lcls cM+h
fu”kkfu;ksa dh ;kn fnykrs gSaA
etkfyls vt+k ls fnyks esa ,gyscSr vkSj muds jkLrs dh ;kn ckd+h
jgrh gSA
,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr okftc gS
vc rd geusa vt+knkjh ds t+#jh gksus ij dq+jku ls nks nyhysa
fy[kha tks [+kqnk ds fnuksa dh ;kn vkSj [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(15)
rkt+he ds t+fj, Fkha vc ge rhljh nyhy tks vt+knkjh ds t+#jh
gksus ds fy, fy[krs gaS vkSj og gS uch ds ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr
djukA d+qjku dh ftl vk;r es ,gyscSr dh ekSgCcr dks fjlkyr
dh d+her crk;k gS blhfy, ;g ekSgCcr gj eqlyeku ij okftc
gS **crk nks fd eSa rqe ls viuh fjlkyr dh d+her blds vykok
dqN ugha pkgrk fd rqe esjs ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr djks** ¼d+qjku½
t+kfgj gS fd ,gyscSr dh vt+knkjh mUkls ekSgCcr vkSj
muds nq”keuks ls uQ+jr djuk ekSgCcr dk lcls igyk njtk gS
ysfdu ,gyscSr] eqlyekuks dh ekSgCcr ;k vt+knkjh ds eksgrkt
ugha gSa cfYd bl ekSgCcr vkSj vt+knkjh dh t+#jr lkjs eqlyekuks
dks gS pkgs ;s ekSgCcr dk igyk njtk gh gS D;¡wfd [+kqnk us d+qjku
eas mudh ekSgCcr dks eqlyekuks ij tks okftc fd;k gS rks mls lkjs
eqlyekuks dh ft+Unxh dh t+#jr vkSj jx ¼ul½ dgk gSA **crknks
fd eSa tks rqe ls pkgrk gw¡ d+her ds #Ik eas ¼og flQ+Z ,gyscSr ls
ekSgCcr gS½ ftles rqEgkjk gh Q+k;nk gSA ¼d+qjku½
,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr lkjs eqlyekuks cfYd iwjh nqfu;k ds
fy, nqfu;k o vk[k+jr dh usfd;k¡ gkfly djus dh d¡qWth gS mUkls
ekSgCcr ;kfu eklweks ekgsjhus nhu dh gqdwer vkSj lj ijLrh dks
dqcwy djuk tks [+kqnk dh ckrks dks t+kfgj djrs gaS vkSj mlds Hksts
gq, gaS bl rjg mudh ekSgCcr dk eryc iwjh nqfu;k es gqdwer dks
ckd+h j[kus dh dksf”k”k djuk gS exj vQ+lksl fd T+;knk rj
eqlyekuks us igys Hkh vkSj vkt Hkh bl vk;r ds ckjs es /;ku ugh
fn;k gS vkSj dqN f”k;ks us Hkh T+;knk rj ekSgCcr ds lc ls de ntZs
lPpk vt+knkj
(16)
;kfu ekSgCcr dks mlds ekuh crk, gS vkSj ,gyscSr dh enn djus
es Hkh deh dh gS vkSj mudks nq”keuks ds chp vdsyk NksM+ fn;k
;gk rd fd mu es ls ,d ,d dks vdsyk djds et+yweks ijs”kku
djds “kghn dj fn;k x;k vkSj mudh vk[+kjh gqTtr ¼dM+h½ ,d
gt+kj ,d lks lkB lky ls T+;knk le; ls vdsyh gS vkSj muls
eqWg eksM+k tk jgk gS lkjs eqlyeku cfYd ekSyk ds dgus ds vuqlkj
lkjs bUlku muls nwjh dh otg ls cgqr T+;knk tq+Ye vkSj eqlhcrksa
eas f?kjs gq, gSa t+kfgj gS fd vt+knkjh gekjh ft+Eesnkjh;kas eas lcls
NksVh ft+Eesnkjh gS tks d+qjvku es ekSgCcr djus ds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+
vnk dh tkrh gS bl txg ;g fy[kuk cgqr t+:jh gS d+qjku ethn
dh ;g rhuks nyhysa flQ+Z vt+knkjh ds t+:jh gksus ds fy, gh ugha
cfYd ,gyscSr ls lEcfU/kr lHkh ckrsa mles “kkfey gSa pkgs iSnkb”k
dh egfQy ;k bekerks foyk;r dh [k+q”kh vkfnA
Ekklwehu dk vyx vyx vt+knkjh dk rjhd+k
bu ckrksa dh otg ls gh eklwehu us vius fy, vt+knkjh vkSj
etfylsa djus ds fy, gqDe fn;k Fkk vkSj [+kqn Hkh ,d nwljs ij
vt+knkjh djds yksxksa ds fy, mldh vgfe;r t+kfgj djrs Fks vkSj
eqlyekuksa ds fy, vt+knkjh lkfcr djrs jgs eklwehu ds vt+knkjh
djus ds vyx&vyx rjhd+s Fks ftuesa ls dqN ;gk¡ fy[k jgs gSaA
1-“kgknr ls igys vt+knkjh
dHkh rks fdlh eklwe dh “kgknr ls igys mudh ;k viuh
“kgknr dh txg ;k oD+r vkSj rjhds+ dks crkdj jks, vkSj nwljksa
lPpk vt+knkj
(17)
dks :yk;k rkfd f”k;ksa dks mldh vgfe;r vkSj viuh ft+Eesnkjh
dk irk pysA
iSx+Ecjs vdje beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh foyknr ds ckn
vyx&vyx ekSd+ksa ij muds elkbc ;kn djrs vkSj nwljksa dks
crkdj [+kqn Hkh jksrs nwljksa dks Hkh :ykrsA
veh#y eksesuhu vkSj tukcs t+gjk dk Hkh ;gh rjhd+k jgrk
Fkk jlwys [+kqnk us viuh csVh Q+krsek ls ;g dgk Fkk fd **, Q+krsek!
d+;ker ds fnu gj vk¡[k jks,xh flok, mlds fd tks beke gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dh eqlhcr vkSj vt+knkjh esa jksbZ gks fd og vk¡[k d+;ker
ds fnu [+kq”kh vkSj tUur dh userksa dk buke ik,xhA**
2-“kgknr ds ckn vt+knkjh
dHkh dHkh eklwehu us etkfyls vt+k djds vt+knkjh dk rjhd+k
le>k;k gS bekes vyh jt+k ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k **tc eksgjZe dk
eghuk “kq: gksrk Fkk rks esjs okfyn ¼ewlk bCus tkQ+j½ ds gksUVks ij
eqLdku Hkh ns[kus dks ugha feyrh Fkh vkSj nl fnu blh rjg chr
tkrs Fks vkSj nloka fnu ¼vk”kwjk½ rks vkids jksus ihVus eqlhcr o
x+e dk fnu gksrk FkkA**
bekes tkQ+js lkfnd ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa fd beke tS+uqy vkcsnhu
¼vk”kwjk dks ;kn djds½ chl lky jks, vkids lkeus tc Hkh [kkuk
j[kk tkrk Fkk rks vki jksus yxrs FksA
3-vt+knkjh ds fy, iw¡th vyx djuk
dHkh dHkh eklwehu us vt+knkjh ds fy, ,d [+kkl ctV vyx
djds mldh vgeh;r crkbZ gS vkSj bl rjg vius pkgus okyksa ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(18)
fy, cTkV dks vyx djus dh vgeh;r dk rjhd+k vkSj uewuk Hkh
crk;k tSlk fd bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k esjs okfyn bekes
ckfd+j us eq>ls Q+jek;k , tkQ+j esjs eky esa ls bruk bruk eky
ukSgk i<+us okyksa ;kuh vt+knkjksa ds fy, vyx j[k nks rkfd og
gt ds nl fnuksa feuk esa eq> ij ukSgk i<+sa vkSj vt+knkjh djsaA
4-vt+knkjh dk lokc crkdj mldks c<+kok nsuk
dHkh dHkh eklwehu us vt+knkjh dk lokc crkdj yksxksa esa mldh
rjQ+ [k+kl roTtks vkSj /;ku fnyk;k vkSj mldks c<+kok fn;kA
d-jksuk :ykuk vkSj nq[kh gksuk
bekes jt+k ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa &**ftlds fy, Hkh vk”kwjk dk fnu
eqlhcr] rdyhQ+ vkSj jksus dk fnu gksxk rks [+kqnk d+;ker ds fnu
dks mlds fy, [+kq”kh vkSj vPNkbz dk fnu cuk,xkA**
bekes lTTkkn ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa&**ftl eksfeu dh vk¡[k ls bekes
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh “kgknr ds x+e esa ,d vklw¡ fudydj mlds psgjs
rd vktk;s rks [+kqnk mls tUur ds dejksa esa ls ,d dejk nsxkA**
bekes tkQ+js lkfnd+¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa&**ftlds lkeus gekjs elkbc
i<+s tk;sa vkSj mldh vk¡[k esa vk¡lw vk tk;s arks [+kqnk mlds psgjs
ij nkst+[+k dh vkx gjke dj nsrk gSA**
bekes lkfnd+ gh Q+jekrs gSa fd &**ftldh vk¡[ksa Hkh gekjs x+e dks
;kn djds jks,sa pkgs gekjk [k+wu uk gd+ cgkus ;k gekjk gd+ Nhus
tkus ;k gekjh vkSj gekjs fdlh f”k;k dh rkSghu fd;s tkus ds
vQ+lksl vkSj nq[k esa jks;s rks [+kqnk mls ges”kk&ges”kk ds fy, tUur
esa txg ns nsxkA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(19)
vki gh us ;g Hkh Q+jek;k fd &**gj pht+ ds fy, lokc gS] ysfdu
gekjs x+e esa cgus okys vk¡lqvksa ds lokc dh dksbZ gn gh ugha gSA**
vki gh us ;g Q+jek;k fd&**tks vk¡[k Hkh gekjs nq[k esa jks;sxh mls
**dkSlj** ns[kus dh user ulhc gksxh vkSj mls mlls lsjkc fd;k
tk;xk** vkSj ;g Hkh Q+jek;k fd **fd beke gqlSu ij jksus ds
vykok gj rjg dk jksuk ed:g gSA** ;g Hkh Q+jek;k&**vxj dksbZ
gekjh et+ywfe;r dh otg ls nq[kh gks rks ;g rLchg ds cjkcj
gSA**
bekes jt+k ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k **jksus okyksa dks gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij
blhfy, jksuk pkfg, fd muij jksus ls cM+s cM+s xqukg ekQ+ gks tkrs
gSa** vkius gh Q+jek;k fd **, bCus “kchc! vxj rw gqlSu ij bruk
jks;k fd rsjs vk¡lw rsjs psgjs rd vktk;sa rks [+kqnk rsjs lkjs xqukg
ekQ+ dj nsxk pkgs og NksVs gksa ;k cM+s] de gksa ;k T+;knkA**
[k-,gyscSr ds fy, ejfl;s] ukSgs] d+lhns] ;k eud+cr i<+uk
bekes lkfnd+¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa&**vxj dksbZ bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds
ckjs esa dksbZ “ksj i<+s ftlls [+kqn jks, vkSj nwljksa dks Hkh :yk,s arks
[+kqnk mldks ekQ+ djds tUur mlij okftc dj nsxkA**
blh rjg Q+jekrs gSa&**fd tks Hkh gekjs fy, “ksj dk ,d feljk
i<+rk gS [+kqnk tUur esa mlds fy, ,d ?kj cukrk gSA**
blh rjg fQj Q+jekrs gSa **, nsfcy] eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd esjs okLrs “ksj
dgks vkSj i<+ks D;w¡fd ;g fnu og nq[k vkSj x+e ds fnu ¼vk”kwjk ds
fnu½ gSa ftuesa gekjs ,gyscSr dks eqlhcrsa igq¡ph gSaaA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(20)
x-,gyscSr ds fy, etfylssa djus dk gqDe bekes jt+k¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs
gSa tks Hkh etfyls vt+k esa cSBk mlus gekjs fe”ku dks ft+Unk fd;k
fygkt+k ftl fnu lcds fny eqjnk gksaxs rks mldk fny ugha
ejsxkA
vkSj vcw gk:u ed+Q+wQ+ dgrs gSa fd **tc eSa bekes lkfnd v-l- ds
ikl x;k rks vkius eq>ls Q+jek;k esjs fy, dqN “ksj i<+ks rks eSaus
dqN “ksj i<+s Q+jek;k bl rjg ugha cfYd tSls rqe [+kqn ukSgk i<+rs
gks ;k tc bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh d+cz ds ikl gksrs gks vkSj ejfl;k
i<+rs gks** ftl rjg vkius ns[kk fd bekes lkfnd+¼v-l-½ dks jkbt
rjhd+s dk ukSgk lqUuk equkflc yxrk Fkk vkSj ;gh pht+ yksxksa dh
:g ds equkflc gSA
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us mu yksxksa ds fy, gqDe fn;k fd tks vk”kwj
ds fnu djcyk ugha tk ldrs fd og bl rjg vt+knkjh djsa
**bekes gqlSu ¼v-l½ ij jks,sa vt+knkjh djsa vkSj vius ?kj okyksa dks
Hkh bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ ij jksus dk gqDe nsa vkSj vius ?kj esa Hkh beke
gqlSu ¼v-l½ dh vt+knkjh vkSj jksus dk izksxzke djs vkSj ,d nwljs
dks lksx ds lkFk beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds x+e dk iqjlk nsaA**
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k **,d nwljs ls eqykd+kr ds fy,
tkvks vkSj vkil esa ckrphr ds fy, cSBks vkSj gekjs fe”ku ;kuh
gqdwerks jgcjh dks ft+Unk djks] c<+kok nksA**
bekesa lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us Q+qtSy ls iwNk D;k rqe yksxksa ds chp cSBrs
vkSj gekjh gnhlsa c;ku djrs gks\ eSaus dgk& th] Q+jek;k eSa bl
rjg dh cSB mB ilUn djrk gw¡ rkfd rqe gekjk beker dk fe”ku
lPpk vt+knkj
(21)
ft+Unk j[kksA tks Hkh gekjs fe”ku dks ft+Unk djs [+kqnk mlij jger
ukft+y djsA
fQj Q+jek;k fd vt+knkjh vkSj nhu ds oyh ¼uch o beke½
dh ;kn [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he djus ds cjkcj gS fd tks
d+qjku ds ,srckj ls Hkh fnyksa ds rd+os dh fu”kkuh gS & **tks Hkh
[+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he djrk gS rks og mlds fny ds rd+os
dh fUk”kkuh gS** ¼d+qjku½
vYykek rckrckbZ bl vk;r ds ckjs esa dgrs gSa fd [+kqnk
dh fu”kkfu;ksa dh rkt+he fnyksa ds rd+os dh fUk”kkuh fdl rjg
curh gS bl vk;r esa fnyksa ds rd+os ls mldh ml vlyh;r dh
rjQ+ b”kjk gS tks [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls cpus vkSj mldh gjke dh gqbZ
ckrksa ls ijgst+ djus ds fy, ,d vUn:uh pht+ dks mHkkjrh gS
ftl ij fny fuHkZj gksrs gSa vkSj ;gka fny ls eqjkn uQ+l gSA
fygkt+k rd+ok mu dkeksa ij fuHkZj ugha fd ftudks ftLe dh
gjdr vkSj lqdwu dgrs gSa D;wafd ftLe dk fgyuk] gjdr djuk
vkSj :duk [+kqnk dh iSjoh vkSj xqukg nksuksa esa gh “kkfey gksrs gSa
tSls gkFk yxkuk vkSj viksft+V lSDl dks Nwuk fudkg o ft+uk esa]
blh rjg tq+Ye ;k fd+lkl ¼[+kwu dk cnyk [+k+wu ls “kjvu½ esa tku
ls ekj Mkyuk] ;k uekt+ [+kqnk ds fy, ;k fj;k **fn[kkos** ds fy;s
vkSj cgqr lh blh rjg dh ckrsa gSa tks fd fcYdqy ,d lh gSa
fygkt+k buesa ls vxj ,d gyky nwljh gjke] ,d vPNh nwljh
[+kjkc gS rks og mlh vUn:uh otg vkSj :gkuh ckr dh otg ls
lPpk vt+knkj
(22)
gS tks fny dk rd+ok gSA ukfd gekjs dke vkSj u og urhts tks
gekjs dkeksa ls fudyrs gSa tSls ,glku o brkvr ¼iSjoh½ oxS+jkA
?k- ,gyscSr ds jkSt+ksa vkSj [+kqnk ds lkjs ofy;ksa ds et+kjksa dh
ft+;kjr dh QTk+hyr vkSj lokc
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa& vxj yksx bekes gqlSu¼v-
l-½ ds jkSt+s dh ft+;kjr dh QTk+hyr tkurs rks ft+;kjr ds “kkSd+ esa
ej ¼rd½ tkrsA
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa&og vkSd+kr ¼le;½ tks
ft+;kjr djus okys ft+;kjrs jkSt+, gqlSu esa [+kpZ djrs gSa mudh mez
ds bl fgLls dk dksbZ fglkc ugha gksxkA
bekesa lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ ls mlds ckjs esa iwNk x;k tks bekes
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds jkSts+ dh ft+;kjr dj ldrk Fkk fQj Hkh ugha dh
rks Q+jek;k **cs”kd ,sls vkneh us jlwys [+kqnk vkSj ge ,gyscSr dk
dgk ugha ekuk vkSj gekjs gqDe dks gYdk le>k tc fd og dj
ldrk FkkA**
bekes lkfnd+ gh Q+jekrs gSa cs”kd jlwy dh csVh Q+krsek ¼l-
v-½ vius csVs gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds jkSt+s dh fTk+;kjr djus okyksa ij
esgjckuh djrh gS vkSj muds fy; c[k+f”k”k dh nqvk djrha gSA
vki gh Q+jekrs gSa tks Hkh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds gd+ dks
igpkurs gq, mudh ft+;kjr dks tk;s rks [+kqnk mlds uke dks vkyk
bYyh;hu ¼lcls cM+s yksxksa½ esa “kkfey dj nsrk gSA bekes fjt+k ¼v-
l-½ Q+jekrs gSa tks Hkh Q+qjkr ds d+jhc beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds jkSts+
lPpk vt+knkj
(23)
dh ft+;kjr djs og ,slk gh gS tSls mlus vkleku ij [+kqnk dh
ft+;kjr dh gksA
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds
jkSts+ dh ft+;kjr djks vkSj tQ+k u djuk blfy, fd og tUur ds
tokuksa vkSj “kghnksa ds ljnkj gSaA
vki gh Q+jekrs gSa fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh feVV~h ¼[k+kds
f”kQ+k½ ij ltnk djuk lkr ijnksa dks gVk nsrk gSA
vki gh Q+jekrs gSa tks Hkh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds jkSts+ ij “kcs vk”kwj
lqcg rd jgs rks og d +;ker ds fnu [+kqnk ls bl rjg feysxk fd
og vius [+kwu esa vkywnk gksxk tSls og ftlus bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½
ds lkFk djcyk ds eSnku esa “kgknr ikbZ gksA
M- mu f”k;ksa ds gd+ esa nqvk fd tks ,gyscSr dh vt+knkjh vkSj
muds jkSt+ksa dh ft+;kjr dks vgeh;r nsrs FksA
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k rkjhQ+ ds d+kfcy gS og
[+kqnk fd ftlus bUlkuksa esa ,Sls yksx Hkh j[ks fd tks gekjh rjQ+
vkrs gSa vkSj gekjs gd+ dks igpkurs gq, gekjs d+lhns ;k ejfl;s
i<+rs gSaA
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us ,d vt+knkj tks bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½
ij jksrk vkSj lksx eukrk Fkk mlls Q+jek;k [+kqnk rsjs vk¡lw dks rsjs
fy;s jger dh otg cuk,A [+kcjnkj rw mu yksxksa esa ls gS fd tks
gekjh otg ls fny tys ¼nq[kh½ gSa vkSj muesa ls gS fd tks gekjh
[+kq”kh esa [+kq”k vkSj gekjs x+e esa nq[kh jgrs gSa tku ys fd rsjh ekSr
ds oD+r rsjs ljgkus gekjs ckck gksaxsA uekt+ ds ckn bekes lkfnd+
lPpk vt+knkj
(24)
¼v-l-½ viuh equktkr esa bl rjg Q+jekrs Fks , og [+kqnk fd
ftlus gesa viuh [k+kl djker nh vkSj “kQ+kvr dk oknk fd;k eq>s
esjs cjknjku vkSj mu t+kbjksa dks tks esjs ckck beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½
dh d+cz ij tkrs gSa mUgsa c[+“k nsA , [+kqnk gekjs nq”eu budk
ft+;kjr ds fy, tkus ij et+kd+ mM+krs gSa vkSj bl et+kd mM+kus ds
ckn Hkh nq”euksa dh et+hZ ds f[+kykQ mUgksaus gekjs ikl vkuk tkuk
mBuk cSBuk ugha NksM+k fygkt+k lwjt ls >qyls gq, bu psgjksa vkSj
tks gekjs ckck dh d+cz dh feVV~h esa vVs gq, vkSj og vka[ks ftuls
gekjs nq[k esa vk¡lw cgs vkSj og fny tks gekjh eqlhcr lqudj cspSu
o csd+jkj gq, vkSj og jksuk ihVuk tks gekjh otg ls gqvk bu lc
dks rw viuh [k+kl jger esa “kkfey Q+jekA , [+kqnk eSa bu ftLeksa
vkSj tkuksa dks rsjs lqiqnZ djrk gw¡ rkfd ml I;kl ds fnu bu yksxksa
dks gkSts+ dkSlj ls lsjkc djsA
vt+knkjh ds ckjs esa vc rd tks dqN dgk x;k mlls tks
urhts lkeus vk;s mudh FkksM+h&FkksM+h ot+kgr djsaxsA
1-tt+ckrksa ,glklkr vkSj ekjsQ+rks tkudkjh tks cM+h eqlhcr dk
urhtk gSa mls etfyls vt+k vkSj eklwehu dh foyknrks “kgknr ds
izksxzkeksa ls T+;knk vkSj fdlh pht+ ls et+cwrh o QSykvks ugha
feyrkA
nhus gd+ dh fuxjkuh vkSj yksxksa dk [+kqnk ds jgcjksa ls lEcU/k
ckd+h j[kus ds fy, vt+knkjh gh lcls vPNk] t+#jh vkSj et+cwr
olhyk gS vkSj og Hkh ,slk fd dksbZ Hkh pht+ pkgs [+kqnk dh ut+j esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(25)
fdruh gh vPNh D;w¡ u gks fQj Hkh og bldh txg ugha ys
ldrhA
blhfy, eklwehu viuh “kgknr ls igys mu ?kVukvksa dks crkrs tks
vkus okys le; esa ?kVus okyh Fkha ;k mu elkbc dks crkrs Fks tks
ckn esa muij gksrs bl rjg vt+knkjh dks d+k;e djrs rkfd bu
?kVukvksa ds ckn yksx vt+knkjh esa deh u djsa vkSj muds urhts esa
tt+ckrks ,glklkr vkSj ekjsQ+rks tkudkjh gksrh cfYd c<+kok gksrkA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls igys ds eklwehu dk bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds
elkbZc dks ;kn djuk] vt+knkjh ds fy, iwath dk vyx djuk vkSj
mudh “kgknr ds ckn jksuk] vkSj enhuk NksM+rs oD+r bjku tkus ds
fy, bekes fjt+k ¼v-l-½ dk vius Åij jksus ds fy, rkdhn djuk
;g lc blh ed+ln ls gqvk FkkA
2-eklwehu dk vius cki nknk dh et+ywfe;r vkSj “kgknr ij
vt+knkjh djuk gekjs fy, lcd+ Hkh gS vkSj vt+knkjh dks ft+Unk
j[kus dk rjhd+k Hkh] vkSj mlds cgqr vge urhts Hkh gSaA
3-etfyl ;k eklwehu dh foyknr “kgknr ij izksxzke djus ds fy,
ctV vyx djuk csgrjhu vkSj ckd+h jgus okys dkeksa esa ls gSA
4-vt+knkjh dh vt+er dk jkt+ vkSj mlds vuks[ks gksus dh otg
fd ftlus bls nhu dks ft+Unk djus dk ,d cs ut+hj olhyk cuk
fn;k gS blh esa tt+ckrks ,glklkr ds gksus dk vlj ik;k tkrk gS
vkSj eklwehu dh gnhlsa pkgs jksus] eqlhcr] jat] et+ywfe;r] x+e ;k
vt+knkjh ds fy, gksa og bUlku dh cqyUnh vkSj mlds fu[kkj ds
fy, gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(26)
tSlk fd bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us vcw gk:u ls Q+jek;k fd mlh
rjg ls “ksj i<+ks ;g bl ckr dh fu”kkuh gS fd nq[kh vkokt+] /kqu
vkSj jkx esa ,Slk vlj gksrk gS fd tks flQZ+ lh/ks lh/ks “ksj i<+us esa
ugha gksrk ;kuh flQZ+ “ksj dkQ+h ugha gSa cfYd mlds lkFk /kqu vkSj
nq[kh vkokt+ Hkh t+#jh gS vkSj og /kqUk vkSj nq[kh vkokt+ ,Slh gks tks
tt+ckrks ,glklkr dks mHkkjs rkfd bUlku ds fny ij mldk vlj
gksA
5-vkSj “ksj ds feljs og Hkh [k+kl /kqu vkSj jkx ds lkFk gksus ij gh
vt+knkjh fuHkZj ugha gS cfYd gj og equkflc vkSj vPNk rjhd+k
vt+knkjh esa “kkfey gS fd tks vt+knkjh dks yksxksa ds fnyksa rd
igqapk, vkSj ,gyscSr dh et+ywfe;r vkSj mudh vt+er dks vPNs
<ax ls igpuok,sA
6-D;w¡fd vt+knkjh nhu dks ft+Unk j[kus vkSj mldks c<+kok nsus esa
cqfu;knh enn djrh gS vkSj bl tSlh dksbZ vkSj pht+ Hkh ugha gS tks
bldh txg ysys vkSj bldk cnyk ¼flyk½ lksp vkSj fglkc yxkus
ls dgha T+;knk gksxk blhfy, mlds csgn lokc dk ft+Ø fd;k x;k
gS vkSj bl vt+knkjh ds t+fj;s bruk T+;knk lokc vkSj cnyk gSjr
dh ckr ugha gS cfYd cgqr equkflc] ekd +wy vkSj lkeus dh ckr gSA
bl ckr dh ot+kgr Hkh t+#jh gS fd ,d bUlku ds dke ¼bcknr½
dHkh rks #g vkSj vius cnu ds bUrst+ke ds lgh vljkr dh ogt
ls gksrs gSa ftlij lokc Hkh gS t+kfgj gS fd dke ¼bcknr½ ds lokc
dk es;kj vljkr ds es;kj ls tqM+k gksrk gS tks fdlh vkneh ls nks
pkj gksrs gSa vkSj ;g es;kj Hkh ,Slh rcnhyh gS tks vkneh ds vUnj
lPpk vt+knkj
(27)
iSnk gksrh gS vkSj dHkh lkekftd ;k lkjs bUlkuksa ds bUrst+ke esa tks
vljkr gksrs gSa mudh otg ls Hkh ftlij Hkh lokc feyrk gSA
vt+knkjh ,d bUlku dh bUlkfu;r ds ,rckj ls Hkh lokc dh
otg gS vkSj lkekftd rkSj ij Hkh tks vljkr iSnk gksrs gSa mlij
Hkh lokc dh otg gSA blh otg ls vxj ,d xS+j f”k;k ;k ,d
xS+j eqfLye Hkh vt+knkfj;s gqlSu ¼v-l-½ esa “kjhd gksrk gS ;k ekSyk
dh et+ywfer;r ij vk¡lw cgkrk gS rks ;s vk¡lw cgkuk vkSj etfyl
esa “kjhd gksuk D;w¡fd nhus gd+ dks ftUnxh nsus okys ¼beke gqlSu
v-l-½ dh enn djuk gS blfy, bl ij Hkh lokcgS vkSj bldk
cnyk nqfu;k esa mudh t+:jrksa dks iwjk djds fn;k tkrk gS vkSj
T+;knkrj jksus okyksa dks rkSck vkSj bZeku dh fgnk;r feyrh gSA
D;w¡fd ;g jksuk vkSj bl rjg dk yxkvks gd+hd+r esa bekes gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dh vt+er dks u tkuus dh otg ls gS ysfdu fny dk
>qdkvks gksrk gS fQj Hkh ;g rkSck djds dqÝ+ ls futkr vkSj bZeku
dh fgnk;r dh otg cu tkrk gS vkSj bldh [kqyh gqbZ fu”kkfu;ka
nqfu;k Hkj esa bZlkbZ vkSj ;gwnh gSa fd tks vt+knkjh djrs gSa vkSj
muds ,sls ejht+ Bhd gks tkrs gSa fd tks yk bykt gks tkrs Fks
ftldh otg ls og f”k;k gks tkrs gSa vkSj ge bZjku esa lSdM+ksa vius
eksgrje ;gwfn;ksa vkSj bZlkbZ;ksa ds [k+kunkuksa dks blh jfo”k ij
ns[krs gSa tks vkt Hkh gekjs chp ekStwn gSaA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk] bUlkfu;r dh gd+hd+r ij jksuk] [+kqnk
ds [kyhQ+k ij jksuk vkSj [+kqnk ds lkjs uke vkSj flQ+rksa dks t+kfgj
djus ds cjkcj gS ;g gd+hd+r esa vius [+kqnk vkSj viuh vlfy;r
lPpk vt+knkj
(28)
dh rjQ+ iyVuk gS bl fygkt+ ls ;g ,d cM+h rkSck ds cjkcj gS
fd ftlds vk¡lqvksa dk ,d d+rjk tgUue dh vkx ds lSykc dks
[+kkeks”k dj nsxk vkSj og bUlku dh futkr dh otg Hkh cusxkA
vt+knkjh dk lokc vYykek rckrckbZ dh ut+j es
vYykek rckrckbZ tks fd [+kqn ,d cM+s vt+knkj vkSj cgqr
jksus okyksa esa ls Fks og bl loky ds tokc esa fd fdl rjg bekes
lkfnd+ ds Q+jeku ds eqrkfcd+ vt+knkjksa ds vk¡lqvkas dk ,d d+rjk
tgUue dh vkx dks cq>k nsxk\ bl rjg Q+jekrs gSa &**blesa D;k
gjt gS fd [+kqnk dh et+hZ vkSj btkt+r ls vk¡lqvksa dk ,d d+rjk
tgUUke dh vkx dks cq>k nsxk D;w¡fd vk¡lw dk d+rjk rkSck ds tSlk
gS tks xqukgksa ds c[+”ks tkus vkSj vt+kc ds [+kRe gksus dh otg
curh gS vkSj blh ds eqd+kfcys esa dqÝ+ dk og uqdrk gksrk gS fd
tks usfd;ksa vkSj tUur dh userksa dks [+kRe djds tgUue dh vkx
dks HkM+dkus dk dke djrk gSA
,d x+yr lksp dk tokc ¼jksuk xqukgksa dh NwV ugha nsrk½
bl ot+kgr ls bl x+yr lksp dk tokc Hkh lkfcr gks x;k
fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk xqukgksa dh btkt+r ;k lgkjk ugh
gS dqN yksx ;g lksprs gSa fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksus okyksa dks
fdlh Hkh usd dke ;k bcknrks rd+ok dh t+:jr ugha pkgs og dksbZ
Hkh x+yr dke vkSj cqjkbZ D;w¡ u djsa fQj Hkh dksbZ gjt ughaA cl
og bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dks jskus okys gksus pkfg;sa mudh futkr gks
tk;sxhAgesa bl ekSt+w ij nyhy nsus ds fy, bl ckjs esa nks ckrsa
lcls igys crkuk t+#jh gSa
lPpk vt+knkj
(29)
v&jksus ds urhts& bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksus ds dqN urhts gSa
fd bl lokc dk jkt+ mUgha urhtksa esa <wa<k tk;s vkSj ;g urhts
bl rjg gSaA
1-bekesa gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij bl ,rckj ls jksuk fd og beke gqlSu ¼v-
l-½ ls ekSgCcr dh fu”kkuh vkSj muij gksuss okys t+qYe ls uQ+jr
vkSj blh rjg vkids nq”euksa ls uQ+jr] bu lc ckrksa dh otg ls
vt+nkj ds vUnj ,d rjg bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls fnyh yxko iSnk
gks tkrk gS vkSj ;g yxko mudh ekSgCcr dks c<+kok nsrk jgrk gSA
2-blds ckn okys vkSj cqYkUn ntsZ esa bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk
t+qYe dh cqfu;kn] beke ds nq”eu vkSj t+kfyeksa ls uQ+jr djus dks
c<+kok nsrk gS vkSj vt+knkj dks mudh cqjh ckrksa o vknrksa vkSj
muds ekuus okyksa ds x+yr dkeksa ls nwjh cuk;s j[kus dh otg
curk gSA og [+kqn c[+kqn vUn#uh rkSj ls le>rk gS fd HkVds gqvksa
dh vknrsa vkSj ckrsa eklwehu dh et+hZ vkSj gqDe ls fcYdqy vyx gSa
vkSj tc og bl ckr dks tku ysrk gS fd t +qYe vkSj cqjh ckrksa vkSj
[+kjkc vknrksa dks [+kRe djus dh otg ls “kghn dj fn;s x;s rks
og vius vkidks HkVds gq, yksxksa ls nwj djds ,gyscSr ds v[+ykd+ks
vgknhl ls d+jhc gks tkrk gSA
3-bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk ,gyscSr ds v[+kykd+ vkSj muds tSls
vt+knkj gksus dh otg curk gS vkSj ;g vt+knkj [+kqnk o ,gyscSr
dh ut+j esa vPNk cu tkrk gS D;w¡fd ;g mudh ft+Unxh dks uewuk
cukrk gS vkSj bl e”kvys jkg ds lk;s esa og vius vkidks lq/kkjrk
vkSj viuh ft+Unxh dks dke;kc cukrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(30)
blfy, eklwehu ij jksuk flQZ+ ,d ekSgCcr ;k tt+ckrh dke ugha
gS cfYd tt+ckrksa ,glklkr vkSj tkudkjh o ekjsQ+r dk ,d ,Slk
<ax gS tks ,d ejgys ls nwljs ejgys vkSj ,d d+ne ls nwljs d+ne
rd vt+knkj dks ,d ntsZ ds ckn mlls vkxs ds ntsZ rd igqaprk
gS ;k nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;w¡ dgk tk;s fd vt+knkjh bUlku dks lq/kkjus
dk bafLVV~;wV gSA
¼c½ iSjoh vkSj [+kqnk dk Mj ekSgCcr ds fy, t+:jh ,gyscSr ij
jksuk oD+r dks dkjken djrk gS vkSj mldk urhtk ;g gksrk gS fd
bUlku dks futkr fey tkrh gS exj og fd tks vPNk gksus vkSj
ikd jgus dk bjknk j[krk gks vkSj nwljs ;s fd ckj ckj xqukg u
djrk gks vkSj [+kqnk ds gqDe dh eq[k+kyQ+r u djrk gks ysfdu vxj
og vPNk gksus ikdks ikdht+k jgus dk bjknk u j[krk gks] vkSj blh
rjg xqukgksa ls Hkh u cprk gks] [+kqnk dk dgk u ekurk gks rks flQZ+
jksuk ;k lkjh bcknrsa Hkh feydj mldks futkr ugha fnyk,axh
cfYd og iRFkj fny gks tk;sxk vkSj [+kqnk o ,gyscSr ls nwj gks
tk;sxk fygkt+k jlwys [kqnk¼l-v-½ us uekt+ ds fy, bl rjg
Q+jek;k gS tks fd d+qjkus djhe ds ,rckj ls bUlku dks csg;kbZ vkSj
cqjkbZ ls jksdrh gS **ftl fdlh dks Hkh mldh uekt+ csg;kbZ vkSj
cqjkbZ ls u jksd lds rks [+kqnk ls nwjh ds flok mldh fdlh pht+ esa
c<+kok ugha gksrkA**
d +qjku ds ,rckj ls [+kqnk ,Sls yksxksa dh rkSck dks d +qcwy djrk gS tks
vutkus esa dksbZ xqukg dj cSBsa u og fd tks tku cw>dj xqukg
djsa vkSj ckj ckj djrs jgsa ;k tkurs gq, djsa vkSj Q+kSju ,glkls
lPpk vt+knkj
(31)
xqukg djds dHkh Hkh u djus ds fy, rkSck dj ysaA **rkSck muds
fy, ugha gS tks igys cqjkbZ;ka djrs gSa fQj tc ekSr lkeus vk
tkrh gS rks dgrs gSa fd vc geus rkSck dj yh vkSj ukgh muds
fy, gS tks dqÝ+ dh gkyr esa ej tkrs gSa fd muds fy, rks geus
cM+k nnZukd vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS**¼d+qjku½A d +qjkus djhe [+kqnk
dh c[k+f”k”k esa ,sls yksxksa dks “kkfey djrk gS fd ftuls tc Hkh
dksbZ x+yrh vkSj [+krk gks ;k t + qYe gks rks og [kqnk dks ;kn djsa vkSj
mlls ekQ+h ekaxs rkSck djsa vkSj fQj dHkh u djus dk bjknk j[ksaA
**og ,Sls usd yksx gSa fd tc dksbZ [kqyk gqvk xqukg djrs gSa ;k
vius Åij t +qYe djrs gSa rks [+kqnk dks ;kn djds vius xqukgksa ls
rkSck djrs gSa [+kqnk ds vykok vkSj dkSu xqukgksa dks ekQ+ djus okyk
gS vkSj og vius fd;s dks tkucw>dj ckj ckj ugha djrs** d+++qjkuA
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ d +q+jku dh bl Q+jekbZ”k vkSj xqukg ds ckj ckj
djus ds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa& **ckj ckj xqukg dk eryc ;g gS fd
dksbZ vkneh xqukg djs fQj u ekQ+h ekaxs u rkSck djus ds fy;s
lksps** bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ bl ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa fd **xqukg ij
eqflj gksuk ¼ckj&ckj djuk½ veu ds ekuh esa vkrk gS ;kuh vius
vki dks [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls cpk gqvk tkuuk vkSj uqd+lku mBkus
okyksa ds flok dksbZ Hkh vius dks veku esa ugha le>rk** bekes vyh
¼v-l-½ Hkh blh rjg Q+jekrs gSa&** [+kqnk ds ut+nhd lcls cM+k
xqukg og gS fd ftldk djus okyk ml ij eqflj gks** ¼;kuh ckj
ckj djs½A
lPpk vt+knkj
(32)
fygkt+k ;s ,gyscSr ij jksuk gjfxt+ xqukgksa dh ;k mudks ckj ckj
djus dh btkt+r ugha nsrkA vkf[k+j ;s dSls gks ldrk gS D;w¡fd
bekes gqlSu us rks [+kqn xqukgksa vkSj cqjkbZ;ksa dks [k+Re djus ds fy,
tax dh FkhA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk vius lkjs lokcksa ds lkFk vkSj gj usd
dke o bcknrsa] ;g lc vxj bUlku ds ?keaMh gksus ;k xqukgksa ds
fy, lgkjs dh otg cusa rks mu lc dk Q+k;nk vkSj urhtk [+kRe
gks tk;sxkA blfy, fd jksuk] bcknr] usd dke ;g lc bUlku dks
ikdks ikdht+k cukdj [+kqnk ds d+jhc djus ds fy, gSa xqukgksa ;k
[+kqnk ds vkns”kksa dh eq[k+kysQ+r djus dk t+fj;k ughaA
jlwys [+kqnk Q+jekrs gSa , elÅn ds csVs [+kqnk ls ?keaM u dj vkSj
uk gh viuh ikdht+xh] bYe] vey ¼dke½ usdh o bcknr ij xoZ
;k ?keaM djA
veh#y eksesuhu Q+jekrs gSa fd [+kqnk ls ?keaM djus dk eryc ;g
gS fd cUnk xqukg ij eqflj gks ¼;kuh ckj ckj djs½ fQj Hkh [+kqnk ls
c[+“ks tkus dh reUuk djsA
vc tks Hkh flQZ+ vt+knkjh esa “kkfey gksus dh otg ls bekes gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dh “kQ+kvr ij ?keaM djs vkSj mudh ekSgCcr o “kQ+kvr
ij rd+;k djrs gq, [+kqnk ds okftckr esa lqLrh ;k mudh rjQ+
/;ku u ns vkSj blh [+;kyh ekSgCcr o “kQ+kvr dks lgkjk cukdj
uktkbT+k dke djs rks u mlus bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dks igpkuk gS
vkSj u ekSgCcr o “kQ+kvr dh vlfy;rksa gd+hd+r dksA D;w¡fd
vk[k+jr dh “kQ+kvr nqfu;k ds dkeksa vkSj “kQ+kvr ls vyx ;k
lPpk vt+knkj
(33)
csjCr ugha gS blfy, fd ftlds fy, nqfu;k esa mudh ekSgCcr
mldh “kQ+kvr dh otg ugha cuh vkSj mldks tgUue] xqukg vkSj
x+yr ckrksa ls u cpk ldh rks og gd+hd+r esa lPph ekSgCcr ugha
FkhA og ekSgCcr tks nqfu;k esa bUlku dks xqukgksa ls nwj j[kus dh
rkd+r ugha j[krh og vk[k+jr esa Hkh bUlku dks tgUue ls futkr
ugha fnyk ldrhA og ekSgCcr tks bUlku dks mlds ek”kwd+ ds
lkeus ykrh gS fQj og ml ek”kwd+ dh eq[k+kysQ+r vkSj dguk u
ekuus ij Hkh etcwj djs rks og ekSgCCr >wBh gSA
bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ viuh vt+erks vgfe;r flQZ+ [+kqnk dh cUnxh
vkSj mlds vkns”kksa ds izpkj gh esa le>rs gSa vkSj mudh tax dk
ed+ln Hkh usd ckrksa dh fgnk;r vkSj cqjkb;ksa dks jksdus ds fy;s
FkkA
bl rjg dh x+yr ckrsa vkSj izksiSxUMs de i<+s fy[ks eqcYysx+hu dh
rjQ+ ls gksrs gSa tks vt+knkjh vkSj mlds lokc dks cstk crkdj
voke dks cgdkus dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa ;g ,sls eqcfYyx+ gSa fd tks
voke ds v/khu gksrs gSa mudh okgokgh ds fy, bl rjg dh ckrsa
djrs gSa vkSj ,gyscSr us ,sls yksxksa dh et+Eer dh gS ,gyscSr us
ges”kk ,sls yksxksa dks dqN pht+ksa ls jksdk gS muesa ls dqN ;g gaS%&
bcknr dk mlls T+;knk lokc crkuk] ,gyscSr dh “kQ+kvr dk
x+yr <ax o rjhd+k crkuk] yksxksa dk ,gyscSr ij xoZ o ?keaM
djuk] ,gyscSr dh ekSgCcr o “kQ+kvr ds lgkjs xqukg ij fnysj
djukA bekes lTtkn¼v-l-½ bl ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa & yksxksa ls
mudh le> o tkudkjh ds vuqlkj ckr phr djks vkSj ftldks og
lPpk vt+knkj
(34)
uk le> lds og muij er ea<ks fd fQj og ge ij xoZ o ?keaM
djus yxsxsaA
bekes ckfd+j¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa& [+kqnk dh d+le geas [+kqnk dh rjQ+
ls dksbZ NwV ugha vkSj gekjs vkSj [+kqnk ds chp dksbZ ut+nhdh Hkh
ugha gS vkSj [+kqnk ij gekjh dksbZ gqTtr dksbZ gd+ Hkh ugha ge
mldh iSjoh o brkvr ds flok mlds d+jhc ugha gks ldrs fygkt+k
rqees ls tks Hkh mldh iSjoh djus okyk gksxk mldks gekjs ekSyk
gksus dk Q+k;nk feysxk vkSj rqees ls tks Hkh [+kqnk dh iSjoh ugha
djsxk mldks gekjs ekSyk gksus dk dksbZ Q+k;nk ugha igqaqpsxk]
vQ+lksl gS rqe ij] /kksdk er [kkvks vQ+lksl gS rqe ij /kksdk er
[kkvksA
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ vius f”k;ksa dks xqukgksa ls cpus ds fy, bl
rjg Q+jekrs gSa &**rqeesa ls gj ,d dks ,Sls dke djus pkfg;as fd
ftlls gekjh ekSgCcr o nksLrh esa vkSj ut+nhdh gks vkSj mu ckrksa
ls nwj jgks ftuls ge [+kq”k ugha gksrs ;k tks gekjs fy, rdyhQ+
vkSj x+qLls dh otg cus D;w¡fd gekjk gqDe ml txg igqaprk gS fd
tgk¡ rkSck mls dksbZ Q+k;nk ugha igqapkrh vkSj mldk xqukg ij
“kfeZUnk gksuk gekjs ,srckj ls futkr fnykus okyk ugha gksrkA
[+kqn bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ iSjoh fd;s cxS+j ekSgCcr dks d +qcwy ugha
Q+jekrs vkSj vius uwjkuh c;kuksa esa Q+jekrs gSa fd tks Hkh gesa nksLr
j[krk gS og ge ,gyscSr esa fxuk tk,xk ftUgksaus lquk mUgksaus gSjr
ls iwNk vki esa fxuk tk;sxk\ Q+jek;k gk¡ ge ,gyscSr esa mldk
“kqekj gksxkA vkSj rhu ckj blh tqEkys dks Q+jekrs jgsA mlds ckn
lPpk vt+knkj
(35)
Q+jek;k D;k rqeus d+++qjku eas tukcs bczkghe ds ;g y¶+t+ ugha lqus
&**tks Hkh esjh iSjoh djsxk rks og eq>ls gksxk** blfy, bekes gqlSu
¼v-l-½ ds ,srckj ls ekSgCcr ogh iSjoh gSA
nqfu;k esa lPph ekSgCcr djus okyk ,gyscSr dk iSjks vkSj x+qyke gS
vkSj vk[k+jr esa Hkh ogh ,gyscSr ds ihNs mudh iSjoh esa tUur esa
tk;sxk mlh rjg fd tSls bekeqy eqRrd+hu Q+jekrs gSa fd jlwys
[+kqnk ¼l-v-½ us eq>ls Q+jek;k fd& **lcls igys tUur esa tkus
okyksa esa eSa] Q+krsek ¼l-v-½] rqe] glu¼v-l-½ vkSj gqlSu¼v-l-½ gksaxs]
eSaus dgk ;k jlwys [+kqnk gekjs pkgus okyksa dk D;k gksxk\ Q+jek;k
og rqEgkjs ckn ;kuh rqEgkjs ihNs tUur esa tk;asxsA**
vkius ;g Hkh Q+jek;k eSa jlwys [+kqnk¼l-v-½ ds lkFk gw¡xk vkSj esjs
,gyscSr **[k+kunku** esjs lkFk gkSts+ dkSlj ij gksaxs fygkt+k tks eq>s
pkgrk gS mls pkfg, fd esjs gqDe dks ekus vkSj gekjs tSls dke
;kuh bcknr djsA
bl ,srckj ls NksVs cM+s xqukgksa dk c[+“kk tkuk vkSj vk¡lw ds
,d d+rjs ls tgUue dk cq> tkuk ml xqugxkj ds fy, ugha gS
fd tks xqukgksa dks ckj ckj djrk gks vkSj ikd jgus o rkSck djus
dk bjknk Hkh u djrk gksA blhfy, fjok;r ds fgLlksa esa ,Sls lokc
vkSj urhts flQZ+ eksfeuksa ds fy, crk;s x;s gSaA
tSlk fd bekes lTtkn ¼v-l-½ dh gnhl esa ;g ckr crkbZ xbZ
vkius Q+jek;k fd & **gj og eksfeu fd ftldh vk¡[k bekes
gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh “kgknr esa jks, vkSj mlds vk¡lw psgjs ij tkjh gks
tk;sa rks [+kqnk mldks tUurh dejksa esa txg nsxkA
lPpk vt+knkj
(36)
l&eqefdu gS fd dHkh dHkh lokc vkSj urhts vkus okys oD+r ds
fdlh vkneh ds ,rckj ls crk, tkrs gSa ;kuh ftl rjg ejgwe
vYykek rckrckbZ us Q+jek;k & gd+hd+r esa ;g vk¡lw dk d+rjk
rkSck tSlk gS fd tks xqukgksa ds ekQ+ vkSj vt+kc ds Vyus dh otg
gSA
nwljh rjg ;w¡ dgk tk, fd ;g jksuk lgh <ax ls rkSck djus ds
cjkcj gS ftldk urhtk xqukgksa dks NksM+us vkSj fiNyh dfe;ksa dks
iwjk djus vkSj bUlku dks xqukgksa ls nwj j[kus dh otg curk gSA
bldks ;w¡ le>k tk;s fd dHkh dHkh dqN usd dkeksa ds vlj t+kfgj
gks tkrs gSa rks vxj ,d xqukgxkj ml usd dke dks djs rks
fgnk;r dk uwj mlds fny dks jkS”ku dj nsxk ftldh otg ls og
/khjs /khjs fgnk;r ik tk;sxk vkSj lPph rkSck djus ds d+kfcy gks
tk;sxk vkSj lkjs xqukgksa dks NksM+dj viuh fiNyh dfe;ka nwj
djsxkA
mUgha usd dkeksa esa ls ,d dke uekt+ gS fd vxj xqukgxkj uekt+
i<+rk jgs rks ;gh uekt+ i<+uk mlds fny ij /khjs /khjs vlj djds
mlds fy, [+kqnk dh igpku vkSj tkx:drk ds jkLrs [kksy ldrh
gSA gees ls gj ,d us bl rjg ds cgqr ls yksx ns[ks gSaA jlwys
[+kqnk us ,Sls vkneh ds ckjs esa Q+jek;k fd tks vkids lkFk uekt+
i<+rk Fkk exj cqjkb;k¡ Hkh djrk Fkk &**mldh uekt+ mls ,d uk
,d fnu cqjkbZ;ksa ls jksd nsxh** dqN fnu ckn mlus rkSck dj yhA
lPpk vt+knkj
(37)
blh rjg ,Sls vkneh ds ckjs esa tks fnu esa rks uekt+ i<+rk vkSj
jkrksa dks pksjh djrk Fkk Q+jek;k &**mldh uekt+ mls bl dke ls
jksd nsxh ¼;kuh pksjh ls½A
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk mUgha usd dkeksa esa ls gS fd vxj dksbZ
xqukgxkj Hkh vki ij jks;s rks ;g jksuk mldks futkr fnyk nsxkA
bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh dh rkjh[k+ bl rjg ds yksxksa ls
Hkjh iM+h gS ftldh [kqyh gqbZ felky vkSj cM+k uewuk rqjd dk Hkstk
gqvk vkneh gS fd ftldh thouh dks i<+us ds fy, eSa lcdks
olh;r djrk gw¡A
geus cgqr T+;knk ns[kk vkSj lquk gS fd og yksx tks eklwehu ls
ekSgCcr djrs Fks vkSj xqukgxkj Hkh Fks cfYd cqjkb;ksa vkSj csg;kb;ksa
esa e”kgwj Hkh Fks mlh nkSj esa bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh etfyl dk Hkh
bUrst+ke djrs Fks vkSj etfyl ds fy, ijs”kkfu;ka Hkh lgu djrs
og dqN fnu ds ckn ,Sls cnys fd lPph rkSck djds lgh gks x;sA
blh rjg geus cgqr T+;knk ns[kk vkSj lquk gS fd xS+j eqlyeku rd
pkgs og gekjs ns”k esa gks ;k fons”k esa og bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij
jksus ;k olhyk cukus ;k fdlh Hkh rjg mudh f[k+ner djus ls
fgnk;r ik x, vkSj ,gyscSr ds et+gc ij vk x;sA gk¡ eklwehu
[k+kl rkSj ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksus ;k viuh vd+hnr dks
t+kfgj djus dh rkSQ+hd+ gj xS+j eqfLye dks ugha gksrh tksfd bUlku
dks [+kqn c [+kqn rkSck o fgnk;r rd igq¡pkrh gSA ;g rkSQ+hd+ flQZ+
mu yksxksa dks gksrh gS fd tks xS+j eqfLye gksus ds oD+r Hkh vius
fny dks x+yr ckrksa ls lkQ+ vkSj bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds jkLrs dks
lPpk vt+knkj
(38)
cqfu;kn vkSj viuk ed+ln tkurs gksaA blfy, T+;knk rj x+Sj
eqlyekuksa dks ;g rkSQ+hd+ ugha feyrh ;g bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh
vt+er rd igq¡pkrh gS fd bl de ls de f[+kner dk cgqr T+;knk
vkSj cM+k flyk ¼cnyk½ fn;k tkrk gSA gk¡&gk¡ vxj [+kqnk mlij
jksus dk cgqr cM+k ¼flyk½ cnyk ns fd ftldk ikd [+kwu nhu ds
ckd+h jgus dk ft+Eesnkj cuk rks blesa dksbZ gSjr dh ckr ugha gSA
veku lkekuh us bl jkt+ dks ,d ut+e esa c;ku fd;k gS ftldk
eQ+gwe ;g gS fd & **ftcjhy vk;s vkSj dgk fd , lqyrkus b”d+
eSnkus b”d+s [+kqnk esa vkius cM+h d++qjckuh nh fygkt+k , bekes vkyh
ejrck eSa vkids fy, nq:nks lyke vkSj [+kqnk dk iSx+ke yk;k gw¡
mlus ¼[+kqnk us½ dgk fd eSa vkids ftLeksa tku dks “kkck”kh nsrk gw¡
fd vki eq>ls vius okns esa iwjs mrjs gksA vki uwjkuh psgjs okys gks
ftuls eq>s b”d+ gS gekjs nks gksus ij lokykr [kM+s gksrs gSa tcfd
eSa rqe gw¡ vkSj rqe eSa gks pw¡fd rqeus esjs fy, vius vkidks fQ+nk dj
fn;k rks rqe esjk [+kwu gks rks eSa rqEgkjk [+kwu cgk gw¡ tks dqN rqEgkjs
ikl Fkk lc esjh [k+kfrj esjs fy;s yqVk fn;k rks eSa Hkh rqEgkjs fy;s
tks dqN esjs ikl gS og lc ns jgk gw¡A
eqlhcrs vt+he ¼cM+h eqlhcr½ ds fy, bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk
ut+fj;k
vc vkys ekSgEEkn ds ml vdsys jg tkus okys beke dks ns[ksa
tks [k+kreqy olh¸;hu gt+jr gqTtr bfCuy glfuy vldjh gSa tks
vius nknk gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys gSa fd ;g
vius nknk vkSj [k+kunku] muds enn djus okys] mu lc dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(39)
“kgknr ij D;k ,glkl o tt+ckr j[krs gSa bl ekSt+w+ ¼fo’k;½
¼bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh d+qckZuh ij bekes t+ekuk ds ut+j;s½ ij ,d
cM+h fdrkc fy[kh tk ldrh gS ge ;gka flQZ+ mlesa ls [k+kl [k+kl
ckrsa fy[ksaxsA ge dgrs gSa fd flQZ+ ft+;kjrs ukfg;k gh ls le>k
tk ldrk gS fd mldh “kjg vkSj ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk dh rQ+lhj okys
fgLls fd ftlds fy, bekes t+ekuk us cgqr t+ksj fn;k gSA bl
ft+;kjr dks /;ku ls i<+sa rks irk pyrk gS fd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½
ls T+;knk dksbZ Hkh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk vt+knkj ugha gS vkSj
vkils T+;knk fdlh us Hkh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh u dh gS
u dj ldrk gSA
og tks [+kqn [+kqnk dk et+gj] [+kqnk dh gqTtr vkSj bekes gqlSu ¼v-
l-½ dh vkSykn gaS og bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj djcyk dks gj fdlh
ls T+;knk igpkurs gSa muds tSlk rks bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij dksbZ
Hkh ejfl;k ugha i<+rk og [+kqnk ds bYe dk [+ktkuk gaS vkSj muds
fy, oD+r ;k txg #dkoV ugha gSA muds fy, chrk gqvk] orZeku
vkSj Hkfo’; lc ,d leku gSA mudh tkudkjh izkphu vkSj Hkfo’;
ds ckjs esa orZeku ds leku gS mUgsa djcyk ds ckjs esa ,d ,d ckr
irk gS vkSj gj txg dks mUgksaus ns[kk] ejfl;k i<+k vkSj vt+knkjh
dh gS mUgksaus viuh ek¡ vkSj vius cki nknkvksa] [k+kunku] mudh
enn djus okyksa] [k+kl rkSj ls vius nknk bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij
gksus okyh eqlhcrksa dks vius xks”r] [+kwu] ftLeksa tku ds gj fgLls
ls eglwl fd;k gSaA D;w¡fd og ,d gh uwj vkSj ,d gh :g gSA
mUgksaus ,d ckj rks jlwys [+kqnk ds cnu ds lkFk tku nh] ,d ckj
lPpk vt+knkj
(40)
viuh ek¡ ds lkFk njokt+s vkSj nhokj ds chp fils vkSj cuh gkf”ke
dh rUx xfy;ksa esa rekaps [kk;s vkSj nwljh ckj gkFk cU/ks xys esa
jLlh] cSvr ds fy;s efLtn rd [ksaps x;sA mlds ckn viuh ek¡ ds
lkFk cssnnhZ vkSj et+ywfe;r ls “kghn gq, vkSj vius nknk vyh ¼v-
l-½ ds lkFk iPPkhl lky bl rjg xqt+kjs fd rUgkbZ o et+ywfe;r]
tSls vk¡[k esa dkaVk ;k gyd+ dh gMMh gks ;gk¡ rd fd bekes glus
eqtrck ¼v-l-½ dks ckj ckj t+gj fn;k x;k vkSj muds tukts+ ij
rhj cjlk;s x;s vkSj bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ tukcs vCckl o tukcs
t+Suc ds lkFk nq”euksa ds gln dks bLyke vkSj eqlyekuksa dh
[k+kfrj vius lhus esa nQ+u j[kk vkSj bu rhuksa egku cqt+qxksZa ds lkFk
djcyk vk x;s vkSj djcyk esa ,d ds ckn ,d eqtkfgn ds lkFk
rhj] ust+s vkSj ryokj ds t+[+e [kk;s vkSj I;kls jgs vkSj d+Snks can
ds lkFk rkt+;kus vkSj rekps [kk;s] dwfQ+;ksa o “kkfe;ksa ds t+cku o
iRFkj ds t+[+e vkSj bCus T+;kn o ;t+hn dh uk equkflc ckrksa dks
cjnk”r fd;kA bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk ejfl;k ,Slk gS fd dksbZ
Hkh bl rjg dk ejfl;k tc rd ugha dg ldrk tc rd fd lkjs
ok+d,s djcyk ds ,d ,d fgLls dks mlus [+kqn ls u ns[kk gksA
ysfdu og vkils nq”euh vkSj tax ds fy, mB [kM+s gq, blfy,
vkius Hkh mudks [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls Mjkus vkSj [+kqnk dh gqTtr dh
Rkkdhn ds ckn muls tax dh mUgksus vki ls okns vkSj cSvr dks
rksM+dj [+kqnk vkSj vkids ukuk dks Ukkjkt+ fd;k vki ust+s o
ryokj dh pksV ekjus dss fy, mBs vkSj cndkj y”kdj okykas dks
gykd dj fn;k vkSj ekSyk vyh dh rjg vkius Hkh t+qYQ+s+d+kj ls
lPpk vt+knkj
(41)
eSnku dh xnksZ x+qckj dks lkQ+ dj fn;k tc mUgksaus vki dks usd
vkSj et+cwr fny fuMj o cs [+kkSQ ns[kk rks viuh eDdkfj;kas ds
tky vkids jkLrs es fcNk fn;s vkSj viuh pky ckft+;ksa ds lkFk
vkils tax ds fy, [kMs+ gks x;s vkSj ml eyÅu us vius y”kdj
okyksa dks gqDe fn;k fd vki dks ikuh rd igqapus u nsa vkSj vki
ls tax ds fy, tYnh djsa vksSj tax es m¡Vksa ls mrjdj ?kksM+ka s ij
lokj jgas vkSj vki ls vkeus lkeus dh tax ds fy, tYnh djsa
mUgksus vki ij rhj vkSj iRFkj rd cjlk;s vkSj vkidh rjQ+
yjt+k iSnk djus okys cqjh cyk dh rjg muds gkFk c<+s vkSj vkids
nksLr o tkfulkjkas dks d+Ry djus vkSj ywVus es u rks vkidh
bT+t+r vkSj ,grsjke dk [+;ky j[kk vkSj u vki ij t++q+Ye ds gjke
;k xqukg gksus ls Mjs vkSj vki eSnku ds xnksZ x+qckj es blh rjg
c<+rs jgs vkSj eq”kfdyksa dks lgu djrs jgs ;gk¡ rd fd vklekukas
ds Q+fj”krksa us vkids lcz ij gSjr dh fQj nq”keukas us vki dks
pkjks rjQ+ ls ?ksj fy;k vkSj cgqr T+;knk t+[eh fd;k veku ds
jkLrs cUn dj fn;s fd vc vkidk dksbZ enn djus okyk Hkh ugh
cpk Fkk vki gj ckr dks [+kqnk ds lqiqnZ djds lcz dj jgs Fks vkSj
vius vkSj vius ,gyscSr vkSj vkSjrksa csVkas dh rjQ+ ls mudks jksd
jgs Fks ;gk¡ rd fd vkidks ?kksM+s ls fxjk fn;k x;k og Hkh ,Sls fd
vki ds ftLe dks lj ls iSj rd t+[eh djds t+ehu ij fxjk;k
vkSj ?kksM+ka s ls ikeky fd;k vkSj t+kfyeks us ryokj ls geyk fd;k
tc vki dk ne ?kqVus yxk rks vki us [k+sekas dh rjQ+ ns[kk tks
dqN vki ij chrk mls vkius vius ,gyscSr ls Nqikuk pkgk exj
lPpk vt+knkj
(42)
vkidk gksf”k;kj ?kksM+k ¼nqynqy½ vki ls nwj gksdj x+e dh gkyr eas
nq[kh [+kseks dh rjQ+ x;k tSls gh chfc;kas us mls nq[kh vkSj t+hu
<yk ik;k [+ksekas esa dksgjke ep x;k cky fc[ksj dj psgjs dks ihVus
yxha vkSj m/kj f”kez eyÅu vkids ljs vd+nl dks cnu ls vyx
dj jgk Fkk rc gh vkidk lj uksds ust+k ij p<+k;k x;k vkSj
vkids [+kkunku dks d+Snh cuk fy;k x;k lwjt dh xjeh ls psgjs
>qyl jgs Fks exj mudks taxyks c;kckukas es fQjk;k Xk;k muds
gkFkkas dks mudh xjnukas ls ck¡/k j[kk Fkk vkSj blh rjg ckt+kjks es
fQjk;k x;k th gk¡ og ;kfu bekes t+ekuk vius “kghn nknk muds
[k+kunku vkSj enn djus okyksa dh et+ywfe;r vkSj eqlhcr ds
gjgj iy dks tkurs gSa vkSj mlds xokg gS blhfy, mu yksxkas dks
bl rjg lyke dgk djrs gSa mu ij lyke fd ftu ds [+kseks dh
rkt+he [+kRe dj nh x;h x+jhcqy x+qjck ;kfu ijnsfl;ksa dks lyke]
“kghnq””kqgnk dks lyke] mu ij lyke tks uktk;t+ uLyks ds
t+fj, “kghn gq, mu ij lyke fd ftu dks vkleku ds Q+fj”krs
jksrs gaS mu ij lyke fd ftudk fxjscku QVk gqvk Fkk lw[ks gksaBksa
dks lyke] ml eqlhcr dks cjnk”kr djus okykas dks lyke cs
fyckl jg tkus okys ftLe dks lyke ml cg tkus okys [+kwu dks
Hkh lyke] VqdM+s VqdM+s gksus okys cnu ds VqdM+ks dks lyke uksds
ust+k ij p<+k;s tkus okys ljksa dks lyke vkSj mu nw/k ihrs cPpksa
dks Hkh lykeA
yqVs gq, cnu dks lyke taxykas dh [+kkd ij fxjus okykssa dks
lyke oru ls nwj jgus okykas dks lyke cs dQ+u nQ+u gksus okykas
lPpk vt+knkj
(43)
dks lyke ,Sls ljkas dks lyke tks cnu ls vyx dj fn;s x;s mu
et+ywekas ij lyke tks cs ;kjks ennxkj Fks mu ij lyke fd ftu
ij ftcjhy Hkh xoZ ¼Q+[+j½ djrs Fks mu ij lyke fd ehdkbZy
ftuls muds >wys eas ckrsa djrs Fks mu ij lyke fd ftu ls oknk
djdss rksM+ fn;k x;k mu ij lyke fd ftu dh rkt+he ugha dh
xbZ mu ij lyke fd ftudk [+kwu csnnhZ ls cgk;k x;k mu ij
lyke ds ftuds t+[+ekas ds [+kwu ls mudk x+qLy gqvk mu ij lyke
fd ftudh I;kl ust+ks ls cq>kbZ x;h mu ij lyke fd ftudk
[+kwu eqcWkg dj fn;k x;k mu ij lyke dh ftu ds lj dks ihNs
ls dkVk x;k mu ij lyke fd tks nhu dh fgek;r es vdsys jg
x;s mu ij lyke ds ftu ds cnu dks [k+kuk cnks”kksa us nQ+u fd;k
mu ij lyke dh ftu dh nk<+h [+kwu ls f[+kt+kc dh xbZ mu ij
lyke dh ftudh “kgjx dks dkV fn;k x;k mu ij lyke fd tks
feVVh es vkywnk gks x;s ml cnu ij Hkh lyke dh ftl ds diMs+
ywV fy, x;s mu nk¡rkas dks lyke ftu dh csgqjerh dh xbZ mldks
lyke ftldk fny vkidh eqlhcr dh otg ls nq[kh gS vkSj
vkidh ;kn es mldh vkW[kksa es vk¡lw gaS nq[kksa eqlhcr vkSj ijs”kkuh
es f?kjs gq, dk Hkh lyke th gkW bl eSnku ds ,d ,d tkuysok
eUt+j dks bekes t+ekuk us ns[kk ftl beke dk fny t+[eh gks x;k
;gkW rd fd vius dks nq[kh vkSj eqlhcrksa es f?kjk gqvk dgus yxs
blls beke gqlSu dh l[+r vkSj csgn eqlhcrkas dk irk pyrk gSA
vkSj vxj mudh ,d eqlhcr ij ft+Unxh Hkj Hkh jks,as vkSj
beke t+ekuk dh rjg ls nq[kh vkSj eqlhcrkas es f?kjs jgsa vkSj blh
lPpk vt+knkj
(44)
gkyr esa ,d gh eqlhcr ij jksrs jksrs ej tk;sa rc Hkh gd+ vnk
ugha gksxk vkSj bruh l[+r vkSj cM+h eqlhcrksa eas ej tkuk lgh dSls
u gksxk tc fd bekes t+ekuk et+ywe nknk ls eq[+kkfrc gksdj bl
rjg Q+jekrs gSa &**eS vki dks lqCkg “kke jksrk gw¡ vkSj vk¡lqvkas ds
cnys [+kwu ds vk¡lw cgkrk g¡w vki dh eqlhcrksa ij cgqr T+;knk
vQ+lksl vkSj mu ij Hkh vQ+lksl fd ftUgkus vkidks bu eqlhcrksa
esa ?ksjk eaS vkidh eqlhcrkas ls cgqr nq[kh g¡w vkSj bu eqlhcrkas vkSj
rdyhQ+ks gh dh otg ls eaS bl nqfu;k ls Hkh pyk tkšxk
blhfy, eqlhcrss vt+he **cM+h eqlhcr** vkSj ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen
ij fd;s tkus okys t+qYe dks ;kn djrs oD+r gekjh ft+Eesnkjh ogh
gS tks gekjs bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ us crkbZ gS ;kfu jksuk :ykuk
eqlhcrksa eas le>uk nq[kh gksuk ijs”kku vkSj blh gkyr eas ej tkuk]
ysfdu D;k bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh l[+r vkSj tku ysok eqlhcr esa
ej tkuk lgh gS\ rks tukcs t+Suc tks csgn nq[kh Fkha vkSj bekes
t+Suqy vkcsnhu bekes ckfd+j vkSj gj og fd tks buds [+kkunku ls
djcyk es ekStwn Fks vkSj mUgksaus eqlhcrkas dks ns[kk rks og D;ksa ugha
ejs vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk jksuk cfYd [+kwu ds vk¡lw jksuk ;gk¡
rd fd blh gkyr es nqfu;k ls pys tkus dks lgh ekurs gSa vkf[+kj
og nqfu;k ls D;ksa ugha pys x;s ge bl ij ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½
dh cgl es fy[ksaxs vkSj bl cM+s jkt+ dks [kksysaxs vkSj vt+knkjh ds
ckjhd uqd+rkas dks le>saxs rkfd lPps vt+knkjksa es ge Hkh ekusa tk;saA
(45)
Hkkx & 2
vt+k vkSj vt+knkjksa ds ejrcs 46
vt+knkjh dk igyk ejrck 46
vt+knkjh dk nwljk ejrck 49
vt+knkjh dk rhljk ejrck 50
vt+knkjh vkSj mlds fy;s [k+rjs ¼eqlhcrsa½ 51
,d vPNs vkSj lq/kkjd dke dh “krsZa 53
reke [k+jkfc;ksa ¼vkQ+rksa½ dh ek¡ ¼tM+½ 54
dke esa vkus okyksa dh det+ksfj;k¡ 56
tc dksbZ vey ¼usd dke½ vknr esa cny tk, 56
[k+jkfc;ksa dh ekStwnxh fdlh dke dks
NksM+us dk lcc ugha gksrh 59
rhljs ejrcs esa vt+knkjh dks vkQrsa ¼[+krjs½ 60
nq”eu dk etkfyls vt+k dh eq[k+kyQ+r dks
ekuuk 64
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh ut+j esa vOOkys oD+r uekt
i<+us dh vgfe;r vkSj vt+knkjksa dh mlls ykijokgh 71
bLyke esa gj og eqLrgc ftlls okftc dks
uqd+lku igqaps og gjke gS 73
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk iSx+ke vius reke pkgus
okyksa ds fy;s 74
lPpk vt+knkj
(46)
vt+k vkSj vt+knkjksa ds ejrcs
vt+knkjksa ds Hkh vyx&vyx ntsZ gSa tks bUlkfu;r ds ukrs vt+knkj
ds ejrcs] ed+ke vkSj eafty vkSj vYykg ds utnhd vgfe;r o
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls d+jhch gksus dk irk nsrs gSaA
tcfd vt+knkjh ds lHkh njts bykgh lokc ds gd+nkj gSa vkSj
vt+knkj pkgs ftl ejrcs ij D;ksa u gksa mldks lokc t:j
feysxkA vkerkSj ls vt+knkjksa dh 6 fd+Lesa gSa ftuesa ls bl fdrkc
esa ik¡p gh dks fy[k jgk gw¡ vkSj NBh fd+Le dks fdlh nwljh fdrkc
esa fy[kw¡xk tksfd bjQ+ku o v[+kykd+ ds lcaU/k eas gSA
vt+knkjh dk igyk ejrck
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij chrh eqlhcrksa
ij vius fny esa nq[kh vkSj uk[+kq”k jgrk gS vkSj vius x+e o xq+Lls
dks FkksM+k lk Hkh t+kfgj ugha djrk ;g ejrck vt+knkjh dk lcls
de njtk gS D;wafd bldss ckn okyk njtk beke ds nq”euksa dk
njtk gS ;kuh ,slk ejrck fd dksbZ vkneh elkbZcs gqlSuh dks tkuus
ds ckn Hkh nq[kh u gks cfYd bl ij jkt+h jgsA ge blh fxjksg ds
fy;s ft+;kjrs okfjlk eas bl rjg i<+rs gSa %&
[k+qnk ml dkSe ij ykur djs fd ftlus vkidks d+Ry fd;k
vkSj [k+qnk ml d+kSe ij Hkh ykur djs fd ftlus bl gknls dks
lquk fQj Hkh blls jkt+h gks xbZA
og yksx tks dh vt+knkjh ds igys ejrcs ij gSa pkgs og
fdlh Hkh nhu o et+gc ij D;ksa u gksa exj vYykg ds ut+nhd
lPpk vt+knkj
(47)
eqlhcrs beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij fnyh jathnxh ds lcc muds vd+hns
dh equkflcr ls lokc vkSj cnyk feysxk A
ge bl ckjs esa vk;rqYyk cSgtr dk ,d okd+svk uD+y
djrs gSaA
^^utQ+s v”kjQ+ ds d+jhc tgka nks nj;k] Qqjkr o ntyk
feyrs gSa ,d vkcknh cuke ^^eql¸;c** gS ogk¡ dk ,d f”k;k enZ gj
“kcs tqek ft+;kjrs ekSyk, eqRrfd+;ku ¼v-l-½ dks utQ+ tkrk FkkA
mlds jkLrs esa ,d lqUuh dk edku Fkk pwafd og tkurk Fkk fd ;g
ft+;kjr ds fy, utQ+ tkrk gS fygkt+k og mldks jkLrk xqt+jrs
NsM+rk vkSj et+kd mM+krk ;gka rd fd ,d ejrck mlus gt+jr
vyh ¼v-l-½ dh “kku esa x+qLrk[kh djus dh tlkjr dh ftl ij
f”k;k cgqr ukjkt+ gqvk tc og vkd+k dh f[k+ner esa igqapk rks cM+h
csrkch ds lkFk Q+fj;kn dh fd vki rks tkurs gh gSa fd og nq”eu
D;k djrk gS \
fQj mlh jkr dks mlus vkd+k dks [+okc esa ns[kk vkSj
f”kdk;r dh rc vkd+k us Q+jek;k gekjs Åij mldk ,d gd+ gS
blfy, og tks dqN Hkh djsxk ge mldh lt+k mls nqfu;k esa ugha
ns ldrsA f”k;k us dgk gkW og bruh tlkjrs djrk gS D;k blh dk
vki ij gd+ curk gS\ rks gt+jr us Q+jek;k ugha cfYd og ,dfnu
Qqjkr o ntyk ds feyus dh txg cSBk gqvk Q+qjkr dks ns[k jgk
Fkk fd vpkud mls djcyk vkSj beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij ikuh cUn
gksus dk [k+;ky vk x;k rks mlus vius vkils dgk fd ^^mejs lkn
us ;s dke vPNk ugha fd;k fd mu lc dks I;klk d+Ry fd;k
lPpk vt+knkj
(48)
fdruk vPNk gksrk fd mudks d+Ry djus ls igys ikuh ns nsrk**
fQj mls jat gqvk vkSj mldh vk¡[k ls ,d vk¡lw fudyk bl otg
ls mldk ge ij ,d gd+ gS fd ge mls lt+k ugha ns ldrsA rks
ml f”k;k us dgk fd eSa [+okc ls csnkj gqvk vkSj ?kj dh rjQ+ pyk
okilh ij fQj mlh lqUuh ls eqykd+kr gqbZ rks mlus NsM+us ds
vUnkt+ esa dgk fd ft+;kjr dj yh vius vkd+k dh vkSj esjk iSx+ke
Hkh igqapk fn;k vius vkd+k rd ;k ugha\ mlus dgk D;w¡ ugha cfYd
mudk iSx+ke Hkh yk;k gw¡ og galk vkSj dgk fd dgks D;k iSx+ke gS\
rks f”k;k us vki chrh lqukbZ tc og beke dk og Q+jeku crk jgk
Fkk fd mlus ikuh dks ns[kk rks djcyk dks ;kn djds nq[kh gqvk rks
ml lqUuh us lquk vkSj lj >qdk dj dqN lksp esa iM+ x;k fQj
cksyk fd , [k+qnk ml oD+r rks ogk¡ dksbZ Hkh ugha Fkk vkSj uk gh eSaus
;g ckr fdlh dks crkbZ vkd+k dks dSls ekywe gqvkA fQj Q+kSju
mlus dgk ^^v”kgnks vuykbykgk bYyYykg o vUuk
eqgEenjjlwyqYyk o vUuk vfy;u veh:y eksesuhu oyh;qYykg o
olh;ks jlwfyYykg ¼l0v0½ vkSj og f”k;k gks x;k**
,sgyscSr dh efUt+yr bruh vt+he gS fd vxj muds fy,
dksbZ NksVs ls NksVk dke Hkh fd;k tk;s rks mudh rjQ+ ls mldk
cgqr T+;knk cnyk feyrk gS fygkt+k vxj dksbZ dkfQ+j Hkh mudh
dksbZ f[+kner djs ;k mudh “kku ds eqrkfcd+ vnc ls is”k vk, rks
nqfu;k gh esa mldks cnyk fey tkrk gSA D;¡wfd dkfQ+j dh vk[+kjr
esa futkr ugha gksxh vkSj vxj fdlh esa FkksM+h lh Hkh ik;nkjh vkSj
vkeknxh gks rks vdlj ,gyscSr dh rjQ ls cnyk mldh fgnk;r
lPpk vt+knkj
(49)
dh otg cu tkrh gSA pkgs dkfQ+jkas ds dqN usd dke ;k f[+knekr
tks nhu ;k ,gyscSr ds fy, gksrs gSa rks vxj og dkfQ+j fgnk;r
ikus ds d+kfcy ugha gksrs rks vk[+kjr esa muds vt+kc esa deh gh
mudh usfd;ksa dh tt+k¼cnyk½ gks tkrh gSA
vt+knkjh dk nwljk ejrck
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj vius nq[k vkSj ukjkt+xh dks eq[+krfyQ+
“kDyksa ls tkfgj djrk gS tSls psgjs ls nq[kh gksuk] jksuk] :ykuk]
vt+k ds diM+s iguuk] ekre djuk vkSj bu dkeksa dks dHkh og
vdsys rks dHkh nwljksa ds lkFk feydj vt+knkjh djrk gSA bl
ejrcs esa vt+knkj dks vius vUnj ,d vthc lk ,glkl gksrk gS
tks mlds vkSj beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds chp ,d [+kkl ukrk iSnk djrk
gS vkSj vt+knkj bl ejrcs esa mfUl;rksa eksgCcr ds lkFk yxko vkSj
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls okLrk ukrk Hkh iSnk djrk gS vkSj ;gh
vUn:uh fuLcrksa eksgCcr mldks beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ij jksus vkSj
mudh vt+knkjh esa f”kjdr djus ds fy, rS;kj djrh gSA
vt+knkjh esa ;gwnh o bZlkb cfYd gj et+gc dk vkneh tks beke
gqlSu ¼v-l-½dks jksrk gS vkSj beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ls vd+hnr Hkh j[krk
gS ;g lc bl gd+hd+r dh fu”kkuh gS fd beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ mu
lcds fy, ,d ^^tkus igpkus eqlkfQj** gSaa vkSj gd+hd+r Hkh ;gh gS
fd reke eklwehu [k+kl rkSj ls lS ;nq””kqgnk lHkh bUlkuksa ds vUnj
,d [+kkl vlj j[krssssss ssssss sssss ssssss ssssss ssssss sssss sssgS ftlds ckjs esa geus vt+knkjh ds pkSFks
ejrcs esa dkQ+h ot+kgr dh gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(50)
vke rkSj ls tc vt+knkj ds fny esa beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh ekSgCcr
vkSj mldh vt+er tks”k ekjrh gS rks og /khjs /khjs vt+knkjh ds
rhljs ejrcs dh rjQ f[kap vkrk gSA
vt++knkjh dk rhljk ejrck
bl ejrcs esa f”k;k gt+jkr vkrs gSa fd oks ,ss ssssls vt+knkj gSa fd tks
mu t+kfyeksa ls uQ+jr ds lkFk mudks cqjk dgrs gSa fd ftUgksaus
lS ;nq””kqgnk vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa cfYd reke ,gyscSr ij t+qYe
fd;s vkSj eqlhcrksa esa eqCryk fd;k vkSj ;gh otg gS fd tc
vt+knkj nwljs ls rhljs ejrcs ij igqaprk gS rks mls beke gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dh “kf[+l;r dh tkudkjh o ekjsQr gkfly gks tkrh gS
vkSj vki vkSj vkids mlwy ij iwjk ,rd+kn gks tkrk gSA
beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds fy;s vPNh tkudkjh iDdk ,rd+kn vkSj
vkids cqyUn njts dh tkudkjh] vkids ulc ds lkFk ;t+hn o
;t+hfn;ksa ls tax ds fy;s mBuk ox+Sjk ds ekywe gksus ij vt+knkj
vt+knkjh ds nwljs ejrcs ls rhljs ejrcs ij igqaprk gS blh rjg
ftu ckrksa dks crk;k tk pqdk muds vykok tc vt+knkj dks beke
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls [+kkl yxko vkSj ekSgCcr gks tkrh gS rks mldh
Hkkouk vkSj ,glkl dh otg ls mldh vka[kksa esa vkalw Hkj vkrs gSa
;gka rd fd og vt+knkj vius vUnj ,d rjg ls beke gqlSu ¼v-
l-½ ds dje vkSj nwljs ,rckj ls jksus o nq[kh gksus ds lkFk bl
ckr ij etcwj gks tkrk gS fd og dk+fryksa ij ykur djs vkSj bl
ckr dks t+kfgj djus dk eksgrkt gks tkrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(51)
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkjh] lokc gkfly djus] viuh nqvk ds d+qcwy
gksus ;k vknkc ctk ykus dh fu;r ls dh tkrh gS bu rhuksa ejrcksa
dks fy[kus ls vPNh rjg le>k tk ldrk gS fd bu rhuksa ejrcksa
esa ls vly flQZ+ eksgCcr vkSj ,glkl gh dh eaft+y gS QUu o
rgd+hd+ ds :i ls Hkh bu ukSgksa vkSj vk”kwj ls lEcfU/kr “ksjksa ls
;gh irk pyrk gS fd vt+knkjh bu rhuksa ejgyksa esa flZQ+ ekSgCcr
o ,glkl dk uke gS vkSj vt+knkj dks blls cqyUn ejrck gkfly
ugha gks ldk gSA
vt+knkjh vkSj mlds fy, [k+rjs ¼eqlhcrsa½
bl ekSd+s ij ;g ekuuk gksxk fd vt+knkjh dh tkudkjh dk fgLLkk
[k+Re gks x;k vkSj Hkkoukvksa dks gh lj dk rkt cuk fn;k vkSj
t+kfgjnkjh ij rd;k djrs gq, vt+knkjh vkSj mldh vgfe;r dh
fgd+er vkSj Q+ylQ+s dks NksM+ fn;k gS vkSj jksus o lksxokjh djus
dks cny fn;k ,d vPNs o dkjken olhys ls ,d vlyh ed+ln
dksA ftldh otg ls bl rjg dh etfylksa dh [k+kfl;r vkSj
mldk ckd+k,nk vlj [k+Re gks x;k fygkt+k ;g ,d] ckj&ckj dh
tkus okyh lqUur vkSj ,d et+gch vknr esa cny xbZ vkSj tc
dksbZ Hkh usd dke vkSj et+gc dks ftUnk j[kus okyh bcknr vxj
vknr cu tk, pkgs vtknkjh gks uekt+ks jkst+k] frykors d+qjku ;k
gt ox+Sjk vkSj muds vlyh ed+ln ls ykijokgh cjrh tk, rks
;g ,d bUlku ls ysdj iwjs lekt ds fy, [k+rjukd gSA
cs”kd [+kqnk vkSj eklwehu ds gekjs fy;s ftrus Hkh gqDe gSa og lc
gekjs gh Q+k;ns ds fy;s gSa vkSj og Hkh blfy, gSa fd vxj ge mu
lPpk vt+knkj
(52)
vgdke dk fygkt+ j[krs gq, mu ij vey djsa rks [+kqn gekjs
vUnj fu[kkj iSnk gksxk vkSj ge fgnk;r ikus okys cu tk,saxs exj
bl rjQ+ ls Hkh gesa fcYdqy cs/;ku ugha gksuk pkfg, fd gj vPNs
dke dks djus esa dqN ,slh eqlhcrsa vkSj ijs”kkfu;ka t+:j vkrh gSa
fd tks vxj bl vPNs dke esa “kkfey o nkf[ky gks tk,sa rks flQZ
vPNs dke gh dks ugha fcxkM+rha cfYd ijs”kku djus vkSj uqd+lku
nsus okyh pht+ksa esa cny tkrh gSaA
veh:y eksesuhu us bl vge vkSj [k+kl uqdrs ls lcdks [k+cjnkj
fd;k gS fd gj pht+ ds fy, ,d u ,d ijs”kkuh gSA cs”kd gesa
vPNkb;ksa vkSj usd dkeksa dk bjknk j[kuk pkfg;s ysfdu bl vge
psrkouh ls Hkh geas cs[k+cj ugha gksuk pkfg, fd vxj ge fdlh Hkh
vPNh] Q+k;nsean ;k d+herh pht+ dks gkfly djsa rks gesa mldks
eqlhcrksa vkSj ijs”kkfu;ksa ls cpkus ds fy;s rS;kj jguk pkfg, ojuk
ge vius ed+ln esa dke;kch gkfly ugha dj ldsaxs vkSj mldk
urhtk mYVk gksxkA
,d vPNs vkSj lq/kkjd dke dh “krsZa %&
1- gj dke dks djus ds fy, dqN [kkl vkSj t+:jh “krsZa
gksrh gSa t+kfgj gS fd flQ+Z [+kqnk ¼[k+kfyd o ekfyd
gksus ds ,rckj ls½ vkSj eklwehu] vYykg ds uqekbUns
vkSj [k+kl yksx gksus ds ,rckj ls ;s gh gt+jkr fdlh
usd vkSj Q+k;nsean dke dks vkf[k+j rd igqapkus dh iwjh
iwjh “krsZa tkurs vkSj c;ku dj ldrs gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(53)
[k+kl mlwy vkSj “krksZa ls eqjkn lkjs d+kuwu vkSj og
ckrsa gSa tks ml dke ds vlj djus vkSj et+cwr
gksus ds ft+Eesnkj gksaA
2- ;g mlwy vkSj “krsZa bl rjg dh gksa tks ml vPNs dke
ls igys ;k mlds chp vkus okyh ijs”kkfu;ksa vkSj
[k+jkfc;ksa dks nwj dj ldsa bLyke dh ut+j esa ,d dke
dks vPNh rjg ls djuk gh dkQ+h ugha gS D;ksafd ,d
vPNk dke vius lHkh d+k;ns d+kuwu ds eqrkfcd+ gks
tk;s vkSj mldk ,d vPNk vlj Hkh t+kfgj gks ysfdu
lcls t+:jh ckr ;g gS fd ;g vPNk vlj ges”kk ds
fy; et+cwr vkSj ckd+h jgus okyk gksA eqefdu gS fd
ge ,d vPNs dke ds t+fj;s ,d vPNk vkSj Q+k;snean
urhtk gkfly dj ysa ysfdu dqN le; ckn dqN
[k+jkfc;k¡ vkSj nq”okfj;k¡ ml vPNs vkSj Q+k;nsean vlj
dks [k+Re dj nsa vkSj mls ,d d+herh pht+ ds eq[k+kfyQ+
;k [k+jkc djus okyh pht+ksa eas ls cuk nsa blfy, flQ+Z
,d vPNkbZ dks gkfly djuk ;k usd gksuk] ,d vPNs
dke dk djuk] ,d :gkuh d+qnjr ;k user okyk gksuk
gh dkQ+h ugha gS cfYd lcls T+;knk t+:jh ;g gS fd
ge mldh fgQ+kt+r mu [k+jkfc;ksa vkSj eqlhcrksa ls djsa
fd tks mldks vius ls mYVk vlj fn[kkus ds fy,
etcwj dj jgh gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(54)
bl ckr ls gesa ;g urhtk feyrk gS fd gj vPNh o
Q+k;nsean pht+ksa dks rhu rjg dh [k+jkfc;ka [k+Re
dj ldrh gSaA
1- “kq: esa [kjkch 2- lkFk esa [k+jkch 3- vkSj ckn esa gks
tkus okyh [k+jkchA
[k+jkch igpkuus dh cgl cM+h vkSj yEch gS ftldh bl
NksVh lh fdrkc esa lekbZ ugha gSA ysfdu tks t+:jh gS og ;g fd
gesa ;g ekywe gksuk pkfg, fd lkjs okftckr vkSj eqLrgCckr dh
rjg vt+knkjh dks Hkh [k+jkc djus okyh dqN [k+jkfc;ka t+:j ekStwn
gSa fd vxj og blesa nkf[k+y gks xbZa rks flQ+Z mlds vPNs vkSj
Q+k;nsean urhts gh ge rd ugha igqapsxsa cfYd mlds mYVs urhts
gksaxs ftudh mEehn ge vt+knkjh ds ckn djrs gSa rks fQj gesa ,d
[k+jkch vkSj [k+rjukd gkyr ls nks pkj gksuk iM+sxk ;k de ls de
ge ml jger ls rks eg:e gks gh tk,saxs tks eklwehu dh ut+j esa
vt+knkjh ls lekt ;k fdlh ,d ds fy, gks fQj gekjh vt+knkjh
viuh Å¡ph lhek rd ugha igqap ik;sxhA
bl txg vt+knkjh ;k reke bcknrksa dks [k+jkc djus okyh
[k+jkfc;ksa dks rQ+lhy ls fy[kus dk bjknk ugha j[krs ysfdu ,d
,slh cqfu;knh [k+jkch dks eq[k+rlj b”kkjs dh “kDy esa c;ku djsaxs
fd tks lkjh [k+jkfc;ksa vkSj ijs”kkfu;kas dh tM+ gSA
reke [k+jkfc;ksa ¼vkQ+rksa½ dh ek¡ ¼tM+½
fdlh Hkh dke ds Q+k;nsean gksus dh [k+kl “krZ ;g gS fd ml dke
ds reke mlwy vkSj d+kuwu dk fygkt+ j[kk tk; tks mlds vPNs
lPpk vt+knkj
(55)
vkSj Q+k;nsean urhtksa ds ft+Eesnkj gSaA blh fcuk ij lcls cM+h
x+yrh vkSj vlyh [k+jkch tks reke [k+jkfc;ksa dh tM+ gS og ;g fd
ge fdlh Hkh dke dks “kq: djus ls igys mlds vknkc vkSj mlwyks
dokuhu ij x+kSj ugha djrs vkSj ml dke dks dkQ+h le; rd
djrs jgrs gSaA gesa bl ckr ij roTtks j[kuh gksxh fd vt+knkjh ;k
reke okftckrks eqLrgCckr gh gekjk vlyh ed+ln ugha gSa cfYd
;g lc rks bUlkuh fgnk;r vkSj rjD+d+h ds fy;s ,d olhyk gS
vkSj ;g t+kfgj gS fd flQ+Z gj olhyk viuh “krksZa vkSj mlwyks
d+kuwu ds lkFk gesa ed+ln rd igqapk ldrk gS fd ftldss vPNs
vkSj Q+k;nsean urhts gksaA
vkSj ;g Hkh ugha gS fd gj vPNk o usd dke gj ,rckj ls gekjh
fgnk;r dk lcc cus pkgs og okftc ;k eqLrgc gh esa ls D;ksa u
gksA eqd+nnl “kjhvr vkSj dksbZ vd+yean Hkh bl rjg dk Q+Slyk
ugha djsxk vkSj ,Sls fdlh nkos dks d+cwy Hkh ugha djsxkA vius
eryc dks vkSj T+;knk jkS”ku djus vkSj bl ckr dks okt+sg djus ds
fy;s fd dksbZ dke Hkh mlds mlwyks d+kuwu dks igpkus cx+Sj
Q+k;nsean ugha gks ldrkA ge bl fjok;r dks is”k djrs gSaA
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v0l0½ us Q+jek;k& **[+kqnk ekjsQ+r ¼tkudkjh½ ds
cx+Sj vUtke ikus okys vey dks d+cwy ugha djrk** blh rjg geus
Hkh dgk gS fd fdlh Hkh dke dks mlds urhts ;k lgh mlwy dks
igpkus cx+Sj vUtke nsuk mlesa eq[k+rfyQ+ [k+jkfc;ksa ds “kkfey
djus dk lcc cu tk;sxkA
lPpk vt+knkj
(56)
dke esa vkus okyksa dh det+ksfj;k¡ vt+knkjh D;ksafd nhu dh cd+k
vkSj ,gyscSr ds iSx+ke dk et+cwr o csgrjhu olhyk vkSj t+fj;k gS
fygkt+k blls og Q+k;ns ftudk ,gyscSr dks bUrst+kj gS ml oD+r
fey ldrs gSa fd tc oks vius reke mlwyks “kjkbZr ds lkFk
vUtke ik;s vkSj vxj vt+knkj ;k bu dkeksa dks vUtke nsus okys]
mu [kkl “krksZa ls vutku gksaxs rks fQj og vt+knkjh ls viuk lgh
urhtk ugha ys ldrs vkSj vxj mldk urhtk uk erywc ;k
[krjukd uk Hkh gks rc Hkh de ls de og vt+knkjh dks ,d
det+ksj ;k csurhtk dke esa rcnhy dj ysaxs] beke vyh ¼v0l0½
us fdlh dke ds djus okyksa dh det+ksfj;ksa dks ml dke dh
[+kjkch vkSj cjcknh ds cjkcj ekuk gSA tSlk fd vki dk Q+jeku gS
&**fdlh dke dh [+kjkch ml dke ds ft+Eesnkjksa dh uk ykbdh dk
lcc gSA**
tc dksbZ vey ¼usd dke½ vknr esa cny tk,
fdlh dke ds djus okyksa dh det+ksfj;ksa ds vykok tks fd mudh
ftgkyr vkSj d+k;ns ls vUtku gksus dh otg ls [k+jkch otwn esa
vkbZ vkSj ,d vPNs dke ds menk urhts vkSj vge Q+k;ns [+kRe gks
x,] ,d nwljh vkSj cM+h [+kjkch ;g iSnk gqbZ fd og dke vknr esa
cny tk, vkSj tc rd og ft+Eesnkjku ml dke ds mlwy vkSj
[kkl “krksZa ls c[+kwch okfd+Q+ u gksaxs ml oDr rd og uk ,gy vkSj
csdkj gh jgsaxs vkSj mudh ;g uk ,gyh vkSj csdkjh ml dke dks
cx+Sj bl ckr ij roTtks fd;s vUtke nsus dk lcc cusxh fd
mlds fy, D;k gksuk pkfg, vkSj D;k ugha gksuk pkfg, vkSj ;g
lPpk vt+knkj
(57)
flQZ ,d jle] vknr ;k lqUur ¼de Q+k;snk ;k cs Q+k;snk½ ;k
[+kqnk uk [k+kLrk ,d [k+rjukd vkSj uqd+lku nsus okyh vknr esa
rcnhy u gks tk;s A
veh:y eksesuhu dh ut+j esa fdlh dke dh [k+kl [k+jkfc;ksa esa ls
,d [k+jkch tks ftgkyr dh otg ls iSnk gksrh gS og fdlh dke
dks vknr ds x+kfyc vkus dh otg ls vUtke nsuk gSAvxj
vt+knkjh vt+knkjksa ;k mlesa fdlh Hkh rjg f”kjdr djus okyksa ds
fy;s ,d vknr esa cny xbZ rks fQj fdlh dks Hkh ;g fQ+Ø u
gksxh fd og vt+knkjh ds ed+kfln rd igq¡ps ;k ;g le>s fd
,gyscSr us fdl rjg vt+knkjh djus dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj
vt+knkjh dh D;k [+kkl ckrsa ;k Q+k;ns gSaA
bl ckr ls ;g urhtk fudyrk gS fd vt+knkjh ls vPNh rgjhd
vkSj fgnk;r ;kQ+rk “krksZa ds ctk; vkSj dkfgyh iSnk gksrh gS vkSj
olhyk gksus ds cnys ed+ln esa rcnhy gks tkrh gS vkSj tc
vt+knkjh vly ed+ln cu tk, rks eklwehu ds eqrkfcd urhtksa
vkSj Q+k;nksa ls nwj gks tk,xh vkSj [kqn ,d eqLrfd+y pht+ esa cx+Sj
mu [+kkfl;rksa vkSj urhtksa ds rcnhy gks tk;xh ,sls ekSds ij
vt+knkj ;g [+;ky djrs gSa fd flQZ vt+knkjh Hkh reke vkeky ds
eqdkfcy uekt+ tSlh ,d eqlrfd+y bcknr gS vc vxj uekt+ ;k
fdlh Hkh okftc bcknr dks bldh otg ls uqd+lku igqaps rks dksbZ
gjt ugha gS vkSj vxj ;g eq[+krfyQ [k+jkfc;ksa ls Hkh nks pkj gks
tk;s ysfdu vt+knkjh dh “kDy ckd+h jg tk;s rc Hkh dkQ+h gS vkSj
,slh lwjr esa vt+knkjh dks ,d lokcks bcknr vkSj ,d vge
lPpk vt+knkj
(58)
ed+ln le>k tkrk gS pkgs mlesa >wB] rgjhQkr] xqukg vkSj
b[+rsykQ+kr Hkh D;wa u “kkfey gksaA
bl rjg dh vt+knkjh ls vt+knkj vYykg vkSj ,gyscSr ls lokc
ds rkfyc cfYd cgqr T+;knk mEehnokj cu tkrs gSa ;kuh ctk;
blds fd [+kqnk o ,gyscSr ds “kqØx+qt+kj gksa fd mUgksaus budks ,slh
etfyls vt+k djus vkSj mlesa “kjhd gksus dh rkSQhd nh gS cfYd
[kqnk o ,gyscSr ij ,glku trkus yxrs gSa bl rjg ds yksx ;g
Hkh lksprs gSa fd vxj reke okftc dke pkgs vYykg ds gqdwd+ gksa
;k cUnksa ds mUgsa vnk uk Hkh djsa rks Hkh dksbZ gjt blfy, ugha fd
og beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½dh vt+knkjh esa e”kx+wy gSa cl ;gh muds
fy;s dkQ+h gS vkSj ,gyscSr dh ckjxkg esa dke djuk pkgs muds
ed+kfln ls esy u [kkrk gks fQj Hkh reke okftckr esa deha djus
dh bUlku dks btktr nsrs gSa vkSj mldks reke okftckr esa
dksrkgh djus ij MkaV QVdkj ;k lTkk ls ekQ]le>rs gSaA
gkykafd fdlh dke dk vknr esa cny tkuk ;k edln o urhts ls
[k+kyh gksuk ;g flQZ vt+knkjh gh ls e[+klwl ugha gS cfYd gj
okftc o eqLrgc dke fd tks mlds vlyh ed+kfln dh rjQ
roTtks fd;s fcuk ;k mlds [+kqlwlh dkuwu vkSj “krksZa dk ikyu
fd;s cxS+j vUtke fn;k tk; rks u flQZ mlds otwnh QylQ+s dks
[kks nsaxs vkSj u dksbZ Qk+;nk gh gkfly gksxk cfYd mlds [kjkc
vkSj uqdlku nsus okys urhts iSnk gksaxs tSlk fd iSx+Ecjs vdje us
Hkh Q+jek;k gS& ^^ftldh uekt mls cqjs vkSj uk ilan dkeksa ls ugha
jksdrh mldks vYykg ls nwjh ds flok dqN ugha feyrkA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(59)
[k+jkfc;ksa dh ekStwnxh fdlh dke dks NksM+us dk lcc ugha gksrh
bl rjg dk [+;ky gjfxt+ ugha gksuk pkfg; fd vt+knkjh
;k fdlh Hkh usd dke esa dksbZ cqjkbZ ;k [+kjkch dk “kkfey ;k
nkf[ky gksuk eqEkfdu gS ;k ge ml cqjkbZ o [k+jkch dks ugha tkurs
fygkt+k ml dke dks NksM+ nsa ;s QSlyk ,d “kSrkuh lksp vkSj csgn
[k+rjukd gS eqefdu gS fd “kSrku ;k og yksx vt+knkjh ;k nwljh
bcknrkas ds eq[+kkfyQ+ gSa og bl ckr dks cgkus ds rkSj ij bLrseky
djsa vkSj dgsa fd ¼ekt+Yyk½ vt+knkjh csdkj gSA
cqfu;knh rkSj ls fdlh dke dh [+kjkfc;ksa] :dkoVksa vkSj muds
vyx djus ds rjhd+ksa dh igpku mlh oD+r eqEkfdu gS fd tc og
dke vUtke fn;k tk, ;k mldks vUtke nsrs gq, dqN oD+r chr
x;k gksA tSlk fd ge blh fdrkc esa fy[ksxs fd vt+knkj dh
rjD+d+h o vt+knkjh dh cqyUnh dk lQj /khjs /khjs pUn ejgyksa esa
gksrk gSA tc rd dksbZ dke “kq: u gks ml oD+r rd u rks mldh
[k+jkfc;ksa dks igpkuk tk ldrk gS u gh mUgsa nwj fd;k tk ldrk
gSA bLykeh lekt dks cPPkksa] NksVksa] xfy;ksa] lM+dksa] eqfLye o xSj
eqfLyeksa ;gka rd fd vt+knkjh ds ikapos ejrcs ;k mlls Hkh vkxs
rd ;kuh gj fdLe dh vt+knkjh dh t+:jr gSA
vt+++knkjh ds cqyUn ejrcs Hkh blh rjg otwn esa vkrs gSa fd tSls
gj vPNs dke ;k gj bcknr vius fupys ejrcksa ij eqUgflj gksrh
gS nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa bl rjg dgk tk;s fd fupys ejrcksa ls xqt+js
cx+Sj cqyUn vkSj Åaps ejrcs gkfly ugha gks ldrsA
lPpk vt+knkj
(60)
rhljs ejrcs esa vt+knkjh dks vkQrsa ¼[+krjs½ vQ+lksl fd rhljs
ejrcs esa og rgjhQ+sa] x+yr jLesa vkSj [+krjukd fcnvrsa iSnk gks xbZa
fd tks vt+knkjh ds Q+ylQs vkSj ft+gkns gqlSuh dh :g ds fcYdqy
f[k+ykQ+ gS tSls eu?kM+r ;k x+yr okd+svkr dks i<+uk] ,sls
dkfQ+jkuk “ksj o ukSgs i<+uk fd ftudks vk;rqYyk ;k vksyek us
jksdk gks ;k ,sls “ksj o ukSgs tksa beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh “kf[+l;r o
ftgkn ds fy;s uk equkflc gksa ;k ,Slh fxjh gqbZ gjdrsa djuk
ftuls rcyhx+ ds cnys bLyke dks uqd+lku igq¡ps vkSj “kh;r ;k
bLyke ds nq”euksa dks x+yr Q+k;nk mBkus dk ekSdk feys bl rjg
dh reke jLesa vkSj ckrs [k+rjukd gSaA
lcls T+;knk vQ+lksl rks bl ckr ij gS fd x+yr vkSj :gs nhu ds
eq[+kkfyQ+ ckrksa dks beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds uke ls vUtke fn;k
tkrk gS og Hkh bl nyhy ds lkFk fd ;g beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh
jkg ;k mUgh ds fy;s gS blfy, mlesa lokc Hkh gS vkSj mudh
[kq+”kuwnh dk lcc Hkh] bl rjg dh [k+jkc ckrsa gj txg ns[kh tk
ldrh gSa tSls Hkkjh&Hkkjh eq[k+rfyQ+ fd+Le ds vye mBkuk vkSj
fQj Q+[+kzZ djuk fd fdldk vye Åapk] vPNk ;k T;+knk gkj Qwy
okyk Fkk ;k nwljh jleksa esa Q+[k+Z djuk tathj o d+ek ds ckn ,d
nwljs ij cjrjh gkfly djus dh dksf”k”k djuk oxS+jkA
lcls vge loky ;g gS fd “kghns jkgs gd dh lksxokjh esa bu
[k+jkfc;ksa vkSj cqjkbZ;ksa dks “kkfey djus okyk dkSu gS\ ¼ys[kd½ dks
;d+hu gS fd bl ckr ds tokc esa menk vkSj lgh nyhyksa esa ls
,d nyhy ;g gS fd vt+knkjh esa x+yr jlesa ]fcnvrsa vkSj rgjhQs+a
lPpk vt+knkj
(61)
flQ+Z blfy, nkf[+ky gks xbZa fd geus vt+knkjh dks flQZ ,glklkr]
ekSgCcr vkSj jksus :ykus rd egnwn dj fn;k gSA
bl ejrcs esa jksus :ykus ds vykok fdlh nwljh pht+ dks vlyh
gSfl;r gkfly ugha vkSj ogh vt+knkjh dk vlyh tT+ck Hkh gS vkSj
blds ftgknh vkSj ekjsQ+rh igyw ;k rks fcYdqy gSfl;r ugha j[krs
;k cgqr de ls de j[krs gS D;ksafd bl ejrcs esa T+;knkrj
okds+vk, djcyk ds rtft+;s dks vgfe;r nh tkrh gS mlds lcd++
vkSj iSx+kekr dks ugha] vkSj ;g t+kfgj gS fd tc vt+knkjh dk vLy
ed+ln jksuk vkSj :ykuk gh gksxk rks “kSrku vkSj cgdkus okyk
uQ+l] >wB vkSj rgjhQ] ubZ btknkr uk ilUn jLeksa] v”vkj] tks
gd+hd+rs nhu vkSj ed+lns bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls xSj ejcwr gks mu
ij mdlk,xk vkSj tc jksuk ,d vPNs vkSj dkjken olhys ds
ctk, **ed+ln esa rcnhy gks tk;xk rks vt+knkjh esa rcnhyh vkSj
mlds vlyh ed+ln ls nwjh ds vlckc Qjkge gks tk,saxsA
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkjksa vkSj lHkh ckfu;ku o eqUrt+sehus et+fyls
vt+k ds ut+nhd bl ckr dh dksbZ vgfe;r ugha gksrh fd eklwehu
us vt+knkjh djus ;k bu jLeks dks vnk djus] ;k lHkh eqd+nnl
equkflcrksa ij ft+Øs djcyk dh rkd+hn D;wa QjekbZ gSA
nwljs y¶t+ksa esa ;wa dgk tk;s fd bl fd+Le dh etkfyl esa beke
gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds d+;ke ds vLy ed+ln] muds fy;s vt+knkjh ds
ed+ln] cfYd reke ,gyscSr ls eqrkfYyd+ x+Q+yr dh tk jgh gSA
bl ejrcs ds vt+knkj beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksus vkSj mudh
vt+knkjh dh vgfe;r ds ckjs esa tkjh o lkjh gnhlksa ij rd;k
lPpk vt+knkj
(62)
djrs gq, vt+knkjh dks ,d eqLrfd+y dke le>rs gSa fd tks flQ]Z
vt+knkjh dk ed+ln gkfly fd;s cx+Sj vkSj gjke ls ijgst+ o
oktsckr dks vUtke fn;s cx+Sj gh bUlku dks tks futkr fnykus
okyh gS vdljks cs”rj bl rjg dh etfylksa ds fy;s gj rjg ds
olhys ;gka rd fd gjke olhyksa ls Q+k;nk gkfly fd;k tkrk gS
cfYd vxj okftckr dks Hkh NksM+ nsa rks dksbZ cM+h ckr ughaA
eqQ+fDdjs f”k;k vk;rqYyk “kghn eqrggjh ¼j0v0½ bl ckjs esa bl
rjg Q+jekrs gSa fd **beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk ,d usd dke gS
vkSj gesa pkfg;s fd [+++k+++wc jks,sa] ysfdu fdl olhys ls :yk,sa\ pkgs
dksbZ Hkh t+fj;k gks\ ed+ln rks cM+k ikdht+k gS rks D;k olhyk dqN
Hkh gks ldrk gS\ vxj ,d ewrhZ VkbZi LVspw cuk,sa og Hkh rkSghu
vkest+ LVspw\ D;k fdlh Hkh rjg vk¡lw dk cgkuk dkQh gS\ [+kq”kh ds
ckts ;k <ksy ctk,sa\ enksZa dks vkSjrksa ds diM+s iguk, tk,sa] tukcs
d+kfle dh “kknh vkSj ckjkr dh jle vnk dh tk;s vkSj tks fny
pkgs og djsa\ rgjhQ+ dj-sa bldk urhtk ;g gqvk fd dqN yksx
viuh cukbZ gqbZ rgjhQks+ esa bruk vkxs c<+ x, fd bUlku
rkvTtqc esa iM+ tk,A** bl ejrcs esa ,glklks eksgCcr] fxj;k o
lksxokjh us ftgkn] vey vkSj ekjsQ+r dh txg ys yh gS blfy,
bl rjg dh etfylksa ls beke gqlSu¼v-l-½vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-
½ds nq”euksa dks Hkh fdlh [k+rjs dk Mj ugha gS ;gh otg gS fd
rkjh[+k eas ugha feyrk fd dHkh Hkh “kSrku o flrExj yksx bu
etfylksa ls ?kcjk, gksa cfYd bu etfylksa dks cjik djrs gSa rkfd
blls voke dks /kksds esa j[kk tk, vkSj vius f?kUkkSus ckfru vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(63)
et+kfye ij eqdnnl vt+knkjh; lkykjs “kqgnk dh iq”r iukgh gks
tk;sA nqfu;k dh rkjh[+k Hkjh gqbZ gS fd tgka nq”eusa nhu o bLyke
cM+h&cM+h etfylsa djrs vkSj mlesa eksVh jde [+kpZ djrs gSa vkSj
[+kqn dks f”k;k vkSj ,gyscSr dk pkgus okyk Hkh crkrs gSaA
bu nks fd+Le ds vt+knkjksa] ,d Hkksys&Hkkys f”k;k nwljs
t+kfyeks&tkfcj gkfde tks eksgCcrs ,gyscSr dk nkok djrs gSa buds
vykok ,d fd+Le vkSj Hkh gS vkSj og rhljh fd+Le bl rjg dh
de Q+k;nk vkSj cnyh gqbZ etfylksa ls Q+k;nk mBkrh gS vkSj og
dkfQ+jksa] ?ke.M+h yksxksa dk fxjksg gS tks flQ+Z nhus gd+ ;k “kh;r ds
gh nq”eu ugha cfYd bl gqdwer ds Hkh nq”eu gSaA
;gh rks Hkksykiu gS fd vxj ge ;g lkspas fd mudks vt+knkjh vkSj
,gyscSr dh jLekas dh lgh d+qnjr ekywe ugha gS D;wafd rkjh[+k esa
dgha&dgha ,sls okds+vkr Hkh ns[ks x,s gSa fd gd+hd+h etkfyls vt+k
vkSj lPps vt+knkjksa ls mu yksxksa dks tkuh o ekyh pksVsa [kkuh iM+h
gSa ftu etfylksa dks cjik djus okys lS ;nq””kqgnk ds Q+ylQ,
d+;ke vkSj vt+knkjh;s beke ds Q+ylQs dks tkurs Fks vkSj mUgksaus
viuh etfylksa dks lgh vkSj [k+kl igpku o ekjsQ+r ds ckn cjik
fd;k rks og etfylksa dh iwjh d+qnjr o urhtksa ds lkFk dqQ+jks
f”kjdks t+qYe ls yM+us dks rS;kj jgrs gSaA
gk¡ gk¡ nq”eukus vt+k dh gd+hd+h etfyls vt+k ds cjik gksus ds
cgqr rY[k+ rtjcs gSa vkSj bu etfylksa dk csgrjhu vkSj et+cwr
uewuk 1977&78 ds 9&10 eksgjZe esa ns[kus dks feyk fd bu nks
fnuksa esa yk[kksa vt+knkj vt+knkjh djus ds fy;s lM+dksa ij fc[kj
lPpk vt+knkj
(64)
x, vkSj t+ekus ds ;t+hnksa vkSj [+k+w[+kkaj igyoh gqdwer ls uQ+jr
vkSj ykur dk bt+gkj vkSj ukbcs bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh fgek;r
dk ,syku dj jgs Fks bl gd+hd+h vt+knkjh dk ud+”k bjku ls
“kSrkuh gqdwer ds [k+kRes vkSj igyoh gqdwer ds lj >qdkus dk lcc
cuk tks fdlh Hkh “k[+l ls Nqik gqvk ugha gSA
bu etfylksa dk nwljk exj vPNk vkSj dkfey uewuk bjku esa ml
oD+r ut+j vk;k fd tc bjkd ls djcyk ds fnQkvk esa tax dh
tk jgh Fkh ,d rjQ rks x+e] jksuk lksx+okjh vkSj nwljh rjQ+
d++qjckuh] bZjku o bLyke nq”euksa ls ftgkn gks jgk Fkk xks;k fd
jksuk vkSj x+et+nk gksuk ;s gj ,rckj ls d+qckZuh vkSj ftgkn dks
et+cwr cuk jgk Fkk vkSj oD+r ds ;t+hfn;ksa dks gqlSuh :g ls pksV
igq¡pk jgk FkkA
t+kfgj gS fd ftl nq”eu us Hkh gd+hd+h etfyls beke ls bl d+nj
uqd+lku mBk;k gksxk og gjfxt+ [k+keks”k ugha cSBsxk cfYd og rks
blds Q+k;nsean urhtksa dks [k+Re djus dh ukdke dksf”k”k djrk
jgsxk bl rjg ds nq”euksa us vt+knkjh ds ,glklkr vkSj t+kfgjh
igyqvksa dks vge vkSj cM+k fn[kkus vkSj blds bud+sykch :[k+ vkSj
ekjsQ+r ds tt+cs dks [k+Re djus dh dksf”k”k dh gS vkSj dj jgs gSaA
nq”eu dk etkfyls vt+k dh eq[k+kyQ+r dks ekuuk
Mk0 ekbZdy czkaV & tks fd lh0vkbZ0,0 dk feEkcj gS mlus viuh
,d fdrkc **[k+qnkbZ et+gcksa esa tqnkbZ Mkyus dk uD+”kk** esa f”k;r ds
f[kykQ+ nqfu;k dh cM+h rkd+rksa dh lkft+”kksa ls ijnk mBk;k gSA
mlus fy[kk gS fd **lh0vkbZ0,0 ds [+kkl feEcjksa dh ,d ehfVax gqbZ
lPpk vt+knkj
(65)
vkSj mlesa baXySaM dh bUVsyhtsUl dk ,d uqekbZUnk bLyke ds ckjs
esa cgqr T+;knk rt+jcsdkj gksus dh otg ls “kjhd Fkk mlesa urhtk
;g fudyk fd bLyke ds nwljs et+gcksa ds eqd+kcys esa f”k;k et+gc
T+;knk gksf”k;kj vkSj [kkst chu djus okyk gSA**
mlus blh fdrkc esa ;g Hkh fy[kk ** fd mlh ehfVax esa ;g Hkh r;
gqvk fd bl et+gc ds ckjs esa T+;knk rgd+hd+kr dh tk;sa vkSj
muds eqrkfcd+ Iyku cuk;k tk;s ftlds [k+psZ ds fy;s 40 fey;u
Mkyj dk ,yku fd;kA mlus mu gh rgd+hd+kr ij r+d;k djrs
gq, ,d rjhd+k ¼gy½ fy[kk fd bu rgd+hd+kr ls eSa bl urhts ij
igqapk fd ge et+gcs f”k;k ds lkFk vkeus lkeus gksdj muij
dke;kch gkfly ugha dj ldrs muij dke;kch gkfly djuk cgqr
l[+r gS fygkt+k fdlh vkM+ vkSj insZ ds ihNs ls muij dke;kch
gkfly gks ldrh gSA
blh txg lh0vkbZ0,0 ds mlh feEcj us fy[kk fd ge us ,d yEcs
le; okys izksxzke ds rgr mlds fy;s ,d jkLrk cuk;k gS] fd
yksxksa esa ejktsfdjke dh ed+cwfy;r dks [k+Re djus ds fy;s cM+s
iSekus ij izksisxUMs] eQ+kn ijLr vkSj is”ksoj t+kfdjksa vkSj [k+rhcksa dh
fgek;rks rkbZn] f”k;r dks [kq+jkQ+krh et+gc e”kgwj djuk vkSj
vkf[k+j esa gekjs bl Iyku dk fgLlk ;g fd bl et+gc dks tM+ ls
m[kkM+ QsdsaA
blh fdrkc esa mlus ;g Hkh fy[kk fd gesa ,d vkSj cgqr [+kkl
ekS+t+w ij dk;Z djuk pkfg, vkSj og gS vk”kwjk vkSj “kgknr dk
tT+ck] ftls f”k;k gj lky vt+k dh jlesa vnk djds ft+ank vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(66)
ckd+h j[krs gSaA geus iq[+rk bjknk fd;k gS fd dqN is”ksoj vkSj
eQ+kn ijLr t+kfdjksa ;k bu jleksa dks cjik djkus okys ,sls yksxksa
dh ekyh enn dh tk, fd tks eQ+kn ijLr vkSj “kksgjr ryc gSa
vkSj f”k;r ds cqfu;knh vd+kbn ds lkFk tt+c,s “kgknr dks
det+ksj vkSj mlesa bUgsjkQ+ o rcnhfy;ka iSnk dh tk,saA
,d vejhdh eqQ+fDdj lkeksby gkurhuxrwu us Qzkal ds v[k+ckj
ywioku ds bUVjfo;ks esa dgk&
**vkt ds nkSj esa bLyke lcls vge ut+j;krh Cykd ¼fxjksg½ gS tks
ex+fjch rgt+hc ds fy;s :dkoV cuk gqvk gS vkSj bl us ex+fjch
rennqu dks nqfu;k ij d+Ct+k djus ds Iyku dks NksM+us ds fy;s
etcwj dj fn;k gSA
vkf[+kjh nks fxjksg ;kuh t+kfyeksa tkfcj gkfde tks ct+kfgj
eqlyeku gS vkSj dkfQ+j tks nq”eusa bLyke gSa budk ed+lns
vt+knkjh dk rks irk py x;k ysfdu igys fxjksg ;kuh tks eqfgCcs
,gyscSr gSa mudk ed+ln D;k gS\
bl fxjksg ds ckjs esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd muesa Hkh lcdk ,d
ed+ln ugha gS eq[+krlj rkSj ij mudh Hkh nks fd+Lesa gSaA igyh
fd+Le ,sls lh/ks lk/ks vkSj Hkksys o uknku f”k;ksa fd gS tks [+kqywlks
ekSgCcr dh otg ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh “kgknr ij jksus vkSj
mu ls ekSgCcr djus ds flok fdlh nwljs igyw ls okfd+Q+ ugha
ftldh otg ls og Hkh blh rjg dh [k+jkfc;ksa ls nks pkj gks tkrs
gSa bl fxjksg dks rkjh[sk bLyke vkSj ftgkns gqlSuh dh rQ+lhyh
tkudkjh ugha gksrh budks ed+lns d+;kes gqlSuh vkSj Q+ylQ,
lPpk vt+knkj
(67)
vt+knkjh dk Hkh irk ugha gksrk ;k rks vtk+nkjh dks ,d jle
le>dj vnk djrs gSa ;k vius cki nknk dk rjhd+k vkSj jfo”k
le>djA
nwljh fd+Le ,sls yksx tks igyh fd+Le ds lh/ks vkSj cs[k+cj yksxksa ls
uktkbt+ Q+k;nk mBkrs gSaa vkSj ;s og yksx gSa fd tks bu etfylksa
dks viuh vkenuh dk csgrjhu t+fj;k ekurs gSaA
igyh fd+Le ds yksxksa dk lh/kkiu vkSj ftgkyr vkSj nwljh fd+Le
ds yksxksa dh “kSrkfu;r o pkykdh bl ckr dk lcc cuh fd ;g
yksx vt+knkjksa dks T+;knk ls T+;knk :ykus vkSj beke dh
et+ywfe;r ds ,glkl o djcyk ds x+eukd okd+;s cfYd ,gyscSr
ls eqrkfYyd reke jleksa esa e”kx+w++y djus dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa vkSj
;s t+kfgj gS fd bl rjg ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds d+;ke dk
vlyh ed+ln vkSj lgh vt+knkjh dk Q+ylQ+k vt+knkjksa dh
fuxkgksa ls Nqik jgsxk vkSj lHkh x+Q+yr dk f”dkj cu tk,xsaA
vt+knkjksa dh ;g fd+Le [+k+w+c tkurh gS fd tks Hkh yksxksa dks ftruk
T+;knk :yk ldsxk mldh bruh gh ed+cwfy;r vkSj ut+jkuk c<+
tk,xk bl fcuk ij vkbZUnk Hkh “kksgjr o nkSyr dekus ds nwljs
ekSd+s e;Llj gksaxsA
muesa ls dqN rks ,sls Hkh gSa fd tks nkSyr dks u pkgrs gq, flQ+Z
“kksgjr vkSj ed+cwfy;r dks ed+ln cukrs gSa ;gka rd fd og bl
ckr ds fy, vius ikl ls [+kpkZ Hkh djrs gSa rkfd yksxksa dh t+cku
ij mudk uke vk;sA ckt+ txg ds dqN t+kdsjhu ;k blls csgrj
;¡w dgw¡ fd vius Q+u ls dekus okys ,d&,d etfyl ds ,d&,d
lPpk vt+knkj
(68)
yk[k ¼rweku½ :i;s ysrs gSa vkSj eSaus [+k+qn Hkh ns[kk gS fd dqN t+kfdj
o “kkbZj ftUgksaus d+kfQ+jkuk ;k rkSghu okys v”vkj i<+s vkSj mUgksaus
gh vt+knkjh esa [+krjukd jlesa “kkfey dha og dkQ+h iSls [+kpZ djds
viuh etfylksa dh vkfM;ks o ohfM;ks dSlsV vkSj lhMh cuokdj
yksxksa esa eq¶+r rd+lhe djrs gSaAvkSj gd+hd+r ;g gS fd bl rjg ds
yksx lgh etkfyls vt+k ds fy;s gh eqlhcr o [k+jkch ugha gSa cfYd
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½vkSj mudh etfylksa dks et+ywe djus dk cgqr
cM+k t+fj;k Hkh gSaA
;s eqlhcr ml oD+r vkSj T+;knk gks tkrh gS fd tc bl rjg ds
yksx T+;knk ls T;knk nkSyr ;k “kksgjr ds fy, vkil esa ,d nwljs
ls nq”euh ij mrk: gks tkrs gSa vkSj gj ,d nwljs ls x+yr
okds+vkrks fjok;r ;k ftgkns gqlSuh ds f[k+ykQ+ lcd+r djrk ut+j
vkrk gS , dk”k ;s eqlhcr ;gha [k+Re gks tkrh ysfdu blls cM+h
eqlhcr ;s gS fd muesa ls gj ,d vius eqd+kfcy dks eSnku ls ckgj
djus dh dksf”k”k esa yxk jgrk gS vkSj lh/ks lk/ks o vd+hnrean
vt+knkjksa ds t+t+cksa ls vklkuh ds lkFk f[k+yokM+ djrk gS vkSj
lcls cqjh ckr ;g gS fd ;s yksx vius dks eqroYyh ¼nhu dk
ft+Eesnkj vkSj yksxksa dk nhuh ljijLr½ Hkh le>rs gSa vkSj cM+h
uknkuh dh ckr ;g gS fd vklkuh ls vius vki dks mu elyksa ds
gy djus okyk le>rs gSa fd tks vkfyeksa ls gy gksrs gSa vkSj yksxksa
dks cx+Sj tkudkjh ds x+yr elys crkrs gSa ;g fxjksg bLyke ds
lPps vkfyeksa vkSj jgcjksa dks dksbZ ,gfe;r ugha nsrk vkSj vkfyeksa
o ejkts ds ut+fj;kr dks flQ+Z mlh gn rd d+qcwy djrs gSa fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(69)
ftl gn rd muds eQ+kn vkSj eryc tqM+s jgrs gSaA vt+knkjh dh
rkjh[k+ bl rjg ds okd+svkr ;kn fnykrh gS fd tc bl fd+Le ds
yksxksa us ejkts o nhu ds jgcjksa ls ukdke eqd+kcyk djus dh
dksf”k”k dh gSA mu yksxksa ds fy, dksbZ vge ckr ugha gS fd ftls
og i<+rs ;k ftldks og c<+kok nsrs gSa mldk gd+hd+r ls dksbZ
rkYyqd+ gS ;k ugha cfYd vxj og yksxksa dh vka[kksa ls vkalw
fudkyus esa dke;kc vkSj yksxksa ds fnyksa vkSj ckfu;kus etfyl vkSj
iSls [k+pZ djus okyksa dks vius gkFk esa ys ysa rks ;gh dkQ+h gS fd
fdlh Hkh >wBs eryc ;k t+bZQ+ o rgjhQ+ “kqnk fjok;r dks t+cku
ij ys vk,sa vkSj mldks eklwehu ;k muds pkgus okyksa ls eUlwc djsa
vc ;s fuLcr dHkh rks cjkgs jkLr gksrh gS dHkh fdlh ghys vkSj
cgkus ds t+fj;s gksrh gSA
,sls yksx u rks bLyke dh eLysgrksa ;k eqlyekuksa dh eLysgrksa dks
dksbZ vgfe;r nsrs gSa vkSj u gh ejkt+s o nhuh jgcjksa ls dksbZ dke
j[krs gSa muds fy;s ;g ckr Hkh vge ugha gksrh fd mudh xqQ+rqxw
;k dke bLyke ;k eqlyekuksa ds gd+ esa Q+k;nsean gS ;k ugha muds
fy;s bldh Hkh dksbZ vgfe;r ugha gksrh fd mudh ckrsa ;k dke
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh “kf[+l;r vkSj muds d+;ke ds eqrkfcd+ Hkh
gS fd ugah mudks vt+knkjh vkSj mlds ejkfle ds vly iSx+ke
igqapkus ls dksbZ ljksdkj ughaA mudks ,gyscSr dh etfylksa dh
vPNkbZ ;k viuh ft+Eesnkjh vkSj bu etfylksa ds urhts ls bLykeh
gqdwer vkSj fnQ+k, bLyke ds Q+k;ns ls dksbZ ljksdkj ugha og
,gyscSr dh etkfyl dks ,d iSx+ke ;k Q+jhts ls T+;knk u le>s
lPpk vt+knkj
(70)
vkSj u le>us dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa vkSj og yksxksa dks :ykuk vkSj
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds ftgkn ds ed+ln dks ut+j esa j[ks cx+Sj fd
vkt bUlkuksa ds fy;s djcyk dk D;k iSx+ke gSAflQ+Z ml ftgkn
dh eqlhcrksa vkSj rdyhQksa dks C;ku djuk gh dkQh+ tkurs gS
vk;rqYyk “kghn eqrggjh dh ,d vkSj Q+j;kn gS tks rgjhQ+ ds
f[+kykQ ftgkn djrs gq, “kghn dj fn;s x;s **vxj ge vt+knkjh;
gqlSuh dks vgfe;r nsuk pkgrs gSa rks gesa pkfg;s fd vxj beke
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkt gksrs vkSj [+kqn ;s Q+jekrs fd esjs fy;s vt+knkjh
djks rks og ;g Hkh Q+jekrs fd rqe us dkSulk rjhd+k bf[+r;kj
fd;k gS\ D;k og Q+jekrs fd esjs ukStoku vdcj] ;k esjh ijh”kku
t+Suc vyfonk vyfonk dk ukSgk i<+ks \ beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ us
gfjxt+ viuh ft+Unxh esa og ckrsa ugha dha tks iLr] x+yr vkSj
rkSghu vkest+ gSaA D;k beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ft+Unk gksrs rks og ;g
dgrs fd f”kEj pkSng lkS lky igys ej x;k rqe vkt ds f”kEj dks
igpkuks**A
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj vyx&vyx vUnkt+ vkSj eq[+rfyQ vksgnsnkj
flQ+Z bl ckr dh dksf”k”k esa jgrs gSa fd beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ muds
fj”rsnkj o vUlkj dh et+ywfe;r dks mtkxj fd;k tk;sA ysfdu
uknkuh ls mudh eqlhcr o et+ywfe;r esa vkSj bt+kQk dj nsrs gSaA
D;ksafd og vt+knkjh ds lh/ks vkSj vlyh jkLrs dks cny ds yksxksa
dks vt+knkjh ds vlyh ed+ln ls nwj dj nsrs gSa ,sls ekSds+ ij rks
flQ+Z ogh t+kfdj o [k+rhc dke;kc gS fd tks yksxksa dks T+;knk ls
T+;knk :yk lds vkSj vk¡lw cgkus ij etcwj dj ldsaaA blh rjg
lPpk vt+knkj
(71)
og vUtqeusa vkSj vt+k[kkusa dke;kc gS fd tgka T+;knk ls T+;knk
vk¡lw cgk, tk,saA fygkt+k vt+knkjh ds bl ejrcs dh nwljh
[k+jkfc;ksa ¼vkQ+rksa½ esa ls ftuds t+kfgjh igyqvksa ij rd;k dj j[kk
gS ;g gS vt+knkjksa dh rknkn] ekreh vUtqeuksa dh yEckbZ] uT+j
¼gkt+jh½ [kkuksa esa nsxksa dh rknkn] vyeksa dh rknkn vkSj mudh
vyker o dSfQ+;r] ykMLihdj] ewoh] cktksa dh rknkn] [kkus dh
fd+Lesa o t+k,ds] vt+knkjh esa oD+r dh fed+nkj ¼;kuh gekjk ekre
;k etfyl ;k “kCcsnkjh fdrus oD+r rd pyh½ xfy;ksa vkSj ckt+kjksa
esa tqywl dk tkuk vkSj tqywl ;k ekre dks ns[kusa okyksa dh rknkn]
vUtqeu ds lkFk pyus okyksa dh rknknA
;g ,slh [kjkfc;ka ¼vkQrsa½ gSa fd tks vt+knkj ;k vUtqeuksa dks
gjke dkeksa ;k xqukgkus dchjk esa Hkh eqcryk dj nsrh gSaA
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh ut+j esa vOOkys oD+r uekt i<+us dh
vgfe;r vkSj vt+knkjksa dh mlls ykijokgh
vcw leke, lSnkoh us vk”kwj dss fnu tc beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ls ;g
dgk **eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd ijojfnxkj ls bl rjg eqykd+kr d:¡ fd
;g uekt+ ftldk oD+r gks pqdk gS mls i<+ yw¡** rks beke us
Q+jek;k **rqeus uekt+ dks ;kn j[kk rks [k+qnk rqEgsa ,sls uekft+;ksa esa
d+jkj ns tks mls ;kn j[krs gSa ;t+hfn;ksa ls dgks fd t+jk tax ls
:d tk,sa fd ge uekt+ i<+ ysa tc nq”eu tax ij rqys jgs rks vki
us Q+jek;k **, mejs lkn ykur gks rq>ij D;k rwus bLyke ds
d+kuwu dks Hkqyk fn;k\ vjs tax D;¡w ugha jksdrk fd ge vkSj rw o
rsjs lkFkh uekt+ i<+ ysa mlds ckn fQj tax gks\**
lPpk vt+knkj
(72)
th gk¡ beke us uekt+ ds fy, tax dks jksd fn;k D;w¡fd
uekt+ nhu dk lqrwu gS vkSj vOoys oD+r mldks vnk fd;k tcfd
cgqr ls vt+knkj uekt+ ds fy, t+jk lh nsj dks Hkh vt+knkjh dks
ugha jksdrs cfYd dHkh rks ,slk Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gS fd vkt+ku
ds ckotwn ?kUVksa vt+knkjh dk flyflyk pyrk jgrk gS vkSj blls
Hkh cM+h ckr ;g fd vxj uekt+ i<+us okys vt+knkj tks gj pht+
dh gSfl;r vkSj vgfe;r mlds ed+ke ij le>rs gSa og vxj
budks ulhgr djrs gSa rks og mudh ulhgr ij dksbZ roTtks ugha
nsrs cfYd bl ulhgr ls ukjkt gksrs gSa D;wafd muds ut+nhd ,d
oD+r rs; gS fd bruh nsj ekre ;k fxj;k vkSj brus ukSgs o v”vkj
;k bruk okoSyk djuk okftc gS vkSj okftc Hkh ,Slk fd mlesa t+jk
Hkh nsj djuk eqefdu u gks ftldh otg ls etfyl esa dksbZ j[k+uk
iM+s usd yksxksa dh ulhgr u lquus ds fy;s viuh vka[k vkSj dku
cUn dj ysrs gSa vkSj vYykg ds bl vge okftc dks fdlh u
fdlh cscqfu;kn cgkus ls gYdk le>rs gSa vxj ge bl t+yhy
dke dh iLrh dk vUnkt+k djuk pkgsa rks mlds fy;s iSx+Ecj dh
nks gnhlsa eqykgst+k djsa %&
1- esjh “kQ+kvr xqukgs dchjk djus okyksa ds fy;s gS exj
eq”kfjd vkSj t+kfyeksa ds fy; ughaA
2- tks Hkh uekt+ dks gYdk le>sxk og esjh “kQ+kvr ugha
ik ldrk vkSj [+k+qnk dh d+le og esjs ikl gkSts+ dkSlj
ij ugha igqap ldrkA
lPpk vt+knkj
(73)
iSx+Ecj ds bl rjhd+s ls fd og xqukgs dchjk djus okys dh
rks “kQ+kvr djsaxs exj uekt+ dks gYdk vkSj gd+hj le>us okys dh
ugha blls irk pyrk gS fd uekt+ dks gYdk le>uk reke
xqukgkus dchjk fd ftudh f”kQ+kvr ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen djsaxs
muls Hkh cnrj xqukg gS vkSj mlds vljkr bUlku dh :g ij cqjs
vkSj [k+rjukd gksaxsA
bLyke esa gj og eqLrgc ftlls okftc dks uqd+lku igqaps gjke gS
bl nyhy ls vt+knkjh ml oD+r rd ilUnhnk gS tc rd
mlls uekt+ dks uqd+lku u igqaps vkSj beke gqlSu gjfxt+ bl ckr
ij jkt+h ugha gksaxs fd mudh vt+knkjh ds fy;s fdlh Hkh ,sls vge
okftc dks NksM+k tk;s tks nhu dk lqrwu gksA ,slh vt+knkjh o
etfyl fd ftlls uekt+ ;k [k+qnk ds reke oktsckr dks uqd+lku
igqaps og ,slh bcknr gS tks “kSrku ds b”kkjksa vkSj viuh euekuh ls
dh tkrh gS gqDes [+k+qnk ls ughaA
tSlk fd geus iSx+Ecjs vdje ds Q+jeku ds eqr+kfcd dgk
tks fd jgerqy vkyehu gSa fd uekt+ dks gYdk le>us okyk
bUlku ekSgEEnks vkys ekSgEen dh “kQ+kvr ls eg:e jgsxk] gkaykfd
xqukgs dchjk djus okys dks mudh “kQ+kvr ulhc gksxh bldk
eryc ;g gqvk fd uekt+ dks gYdk le>uk lcls cM+k xqukg gqvk
fd ftlls ges jksdk x;k gSA
vc ge dgrs gSa fd vt+knkjh esa ,glkl vkSj ekSgCcr ds
igyw ij rd;k djuk vkSj viuh vlyh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa vkSj Q+jhtksa
ls xQ+yr **fd tks vt+knkjh dk lgh Q+ylQ+k gS** bl ckr dk
lPpk vt+knkj
(74)
lcc curh gS fd bUlku cgqr ls xqukgksa dk f”kdkj gks tk; ;kuh
fcYdqy ogh pht+sa fd ftudks jksdus vkSj euk djus dh otg ls
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dks “kghn dj fn;k mUgksaus [k++ qn vius d+;ke dk
ed+ln usdh dh fgnk;r] cqjkbZ ls jksduk] vgdkes nhu dks ckd+h
j[kuk vkSj lp ij vey vkSj xyr ij jksd yxkus dks gh crk;k
gS bl fd+Le dh vt+knkjh ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds gd+ esa [kqyk
gqvk vkSj l[+r t+qYe gS tks muds fy;s eqlhcr o vt+h;r dk lcc
gSA
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds d+;ke dk vly ed+ln nhus [k+qnk
dks ckd+h j[kuk] vkSj nhuhsa bLykeh eqvk”kjs esa tks fcnvr vkSj
dtjoh iSnk gks xbZ gS muds f[k+ykQ tax djuk Fkk reke vfEc;k,
[k+qnk vkSj pkSng eklwehu ds ut+nhd lcls cM+h eqlhcr eqvk”kjs esa
nhuh det+ksjh vkSj nhu dks le>us ls yksxksa dh eg:fe;r gSA D;k
vt+knkjksa dks beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ us fd ftUgksaus gd+ dks ckd+h j[kus
vkSj ckfry ls yM+us dks d+k;e fd;k Fkk bl ckr dh btkt+r ns
j[kh gS fd og vt+knkjh esa gd+ vkSj ,gdkesa nhu dks ikeky dj nsa
vkSj x+yr ckrksa dks jkbt+ djsa beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh etfyl esa
fd tks gd+ ds fy;s “kghn gq, xyr v”kvkj o ukSgs csgwnk ckts
vkSj x+yr jLesa fdl fy;s gksrh gSa\
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk iSx+ke vius reke pkgus okyksa ds fy;s
beke us ml rdyhQ+ nsus okyh ijs”kkuh ls ijnk gVk;k gS fd
ftlls vki dks :gkuh vt+h;r Fkh vkSj ogh rdyhQ+ vkids d+;ke
dk lcc gqbZ vkius Q+jek;k **D;k rqe ugha ns[krs gks fd gd+ ij
lPpk vt+knkj
(75)
vey ugha gks jgk cfYd xqukgksa ls Hkh dksbZ ijgst+ ugha gS\** ,sls
gkykr esa bUlkus eksfeu dks ekSr vkSj [+kqnk ls eqykd+kr dh vkjtw
djuh pkfg;] **blhfy, eSa ,sls vQ+lkslukd gkykr essa** ekSr dks
usdh ds flok vkSj t+kfyeksa ds lkFk ft+Unxh dks eyky o iNrkos
ds flok dqN ugha le>rkA
gesa ;gka bl ckr ij Hkh /;ku nsuk t+:jh gS fd D;k beke gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dk ;g Q+jeku flQZ+ muds t+ekus ds yksxksa ds fy;s Fkk vkSj
D;k vkius ;g nnsZ fny mUgha yksxksa ds fy;s c;ku fd;k Fkk vkSj
muls dgk Fkk fd rst+h ls vkxs c<+sa vkSj gd+ ij vey djrs gq,
xqukgksa ls cpsa\ ;k ;g gqDe gekjs fy;s Hkh gS ,slk yxrk gS fd og
vHkh Hkh gekjs lkeus cgqr T+;knk nq[kh vkSj ijs”kku gky [+kM+s gq,
dg jgs gSa ,s eq>ls ekSgCcr djus okyksa vxj rqe vius nkos esa lPps
gks vkSj gd+hd+r esa eq>ls ekSgCcr djrs gks rks esjs nnZs fny dks
igpkuksa vkSj mldh vkokt+ ij yCcSd dgks **D;k rqe ugha ns[krs gks
fd gd+ ij rks vey ugha gks jgk cfYd xqukgksa ls Hkh ugha cpk tk
jgk\** esjk nnsZ fny ;gh rks gS fd vkf[k+j rqe yksxksa dk D;k gky
gS\ vkSj gd+ o ckfry ij fdl rjg vey djrs gks\ ,Slk u gks
fd rqe bl gky esa eq> ij ekre djks fd viuh ft+Unxh ds reke
gd+hd+h dkuwu iSjksas ds uhps gksa vkSj ckfry rqEgkjs lj ij lokj gks
ftldh otg ls rqe [k+qnk dh gjkeks gyky dh gqbZ ckrksa dk Hkh
[+;ky u j[kksA
gd+hd+r esa gesa pkfg;s fd ge viuh jQ+rkja xqQ+rkj ds fuxsgcku
cusa---- vkSj de ls de viuh usfd;ksa dks cqjkbZ;ksa esa cnyus ls cpk,sa
lPpk vt+knkj
(76)
gesa gksf”k;kj jguk gS fd beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh tks fd
gekjh ,d vt+he bcknr gS mls xqukgksa ls ikd lkQ+ j[ksaA gesa
tkuuk pkfg, fd gj bcknr ds fy;s ,d [k+jkch ¼vkQ+r½ gS tks
mldks cs vlj dj nsrh gSA uekt+] jkst+k vkSj gt dh Hkh vkQ+rsa gSa
fd vxj fj;kdkjh ¼fn[kkos½ ds lkFk dh tk;sa rks u flQZ ckfry ;k
cs vlj jgsa cfYd mudks vUtke nsus okyk f”kjd vkSj xqukg ls nks
pkj gks tk;xkA blh rjg ekre] etfyl vkSj t+kdjh oxS+jk ds
fy;s Hkh cgqr lh [k+jkfc;ka ¼vkQ+rsa½ gSa vxj ge mlds mlwy dk
fygkt+ u j[ksa rks mlds :gkuh Q+k;nksa vkSj urhtksa ls eg:e gks
tk;saxs vkSj jkst+s eg”kj vQlksl o “kfeZanxh dh vkx ds lkFk
vYykg ds x+t+c dh vkx eas tysaxsA tSlk fd [k+qnk Q+jekrk gS
&**vkSj mu yksxksa dks ml gljr ¼d+;ker½ ds fnu ls Mjkb;s tc
greh Q+Slyk gks tk;sxk gkykafd ;g yksx x+Q+yr ds vkye esa gSa
vkSj bZeku ugha yk jgs gSaA**
og cqt+qjxku fd tks yksxksa dh fgnk;r o usdh ds fy;s et+gch
rd+jhjksa ;k ,gyscSr dh engk djrs gSa muds fy;s t+:jh gS fd og
vius bl usd dke dh vt+er dks igpkusa vkSj bl vt+he bcknr
dh vkQ+rksa ¼[+kjkfc;ksa½ dks igpkurs gq, mlds l[+r fuxsgcku cusa
rkfd fdlh Hkh rjg ,gyscSr dh “kku esa dksbZ x+yrh ;k cs vnch u
gksus ik;sA
lPpk vt+knkj
(77)
Hkkx & 3
eklwehu dh ¼ekjsQ+r½ igpku vkSj mudh eqlhcrksa dh fd+Lesa 78 rhljs ejrcs ls vkxs c<+us ds fy;s vt+knkj dks fdl rjg vt+knkjh djuh gksxh 78 eklwehu dh ¼ekjsQ+r½ igpku ds lcls
vge t+fj;s 80
eqlhcr dh nks fd+Le 83
bUlkuh ft+Unxh esa nhu dh vgfe;r 85
fQ++rjh ft+Unxh ds ¼pkj ejrcs½ 85
bUlkuh ;k fQ+rjh ft+Unxh 86
eklwe o e[k+lwl jgcj dh vgfe;r bUlkuh ft+Unxh esa 89 ¼ekfgj½ e[k+lwl dh vlyh gSfl;r 89 ekfgj ¼fo”ks’kK½ dkSu 92
gesa ,gyscSr dks igpkuuk D;w¡ t+:jh gS\ 95
eklwehu bYe esa jkfl[k vkSj fdrkcs [+k+qnk dh
rkohy ds Hkh vkfye gSa 102
eklwehu dk lhuk gh d+qjku dh vlyh txg gS 102
eklwehu [+k+qnk dh t+kfgjh o Nqih gqbZ user gSa 103
gekjk ,gyscSr ls [k+kl ukrk 105
nhu vkSj “kh;r dh :g dk fQ+rjh ¼LoHkkfod½ gksuk 106
gekjs gd+hdh cki rks ,gyscSr gh gSa 108
,gyscSr gekjs lcls d+jhch fj”rsnkj gSa 110 lcls cM+k tq+Ye cgqr cM+h [+;kur 110 nksuksa eqlhcrksa esa gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;k¡ 114
lPpk vt+knkj
(78)
pkSFkk ejrck eklwehu dh ¼ekjsQ+r½ igpku vkSj mudh eqlhcrksa dh
fd+Lesa
cqfu;knh rkSj ij og pht+ tks vt+knkj dks ml rhljs
ejrcs ls fd ftlesa eqlyeku vkSj x+Sj eqlyeku lc “kkfey gSa
mlls cqyUn djds ,sls vt+knkjksa esa “kkfey djrh gSa tks eklwehu ds
gd+hd+h pkgus okys ¼f”k;k½ gSa og flQ+Z ckfru dh ikdht+xh vkSj
nqfu;k dh reke gd+hd+rksa ls T+;knk mldh ekSgCcr vkSj ekjsQ+r dh
eafty gSA
rhljs ejrcs ls vkxs c<+us ds fy;s vt+knkj dks fdl rjg vt+knkjh
djuh gksxh %&
rhljs ejrcs esa vt+knkj dks beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ muds
,gyscSr vkSj vlgkc dh vt+er dh tkudkjh vyx&vyx vUnkt+
ls gks tkrh gS blh gkyr esa mls ;g ,glkl gksrk gS fd rhljs
ejrcs esa mldk jguk dkQ+h ugha gS blh otg ls og bl ejrcs esa
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen [kkl+dj beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh vt+er dks
igpkuus ds fy;s csrkch ls vius vUnj ,glkl djrk gSA ftldh
otg ls t+kdsjhu o eqdfjZj vkSj dqN eqlUusQhu dh rd+jhjks rgjhj
ls og eqrebZu ugha gksrk D;wafd og [+k+qn Hkh rhljs ejrcs esa gh
gksrk gSa vkSj viuh le> ds eqrkfcd+ beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ cfYd
reke eklwehu ds ckjs esa i<+rk vkSj rd+jhj djrk gSa ysfdu
vt+knkj dks vPNh rjg gd+hd+h ,glkl gks tkrk gS fd gd+hd+r
mlls Hkh dgha T;knk vkSj cqyUn gS tks ;g c;ku dj jgs gSa ,sls esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(79)
og lgh tkudkjh vkSj xgjh ekywekr ds fy;s dksf”k”k “kq: dj
nsrk gS vkSj ekjsQ+r ds t+fj;s viuh ftgkyr dks nwj djus vkSj
gd+hd+h vt+knkjh ls lsjkc gksus ds fy;s vkeknk gks tkrk gSA
fQj og viuh lkspks fQ+Ø vkSj nwljksa dh enn ls bl
urhts ij igq¡p tkrk gS fd fdlh us Hkh ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen
[k+kldj beke gqlSu ¼v-l½-vkSj muds ftgkn ds ckjs esa dqN Hkh
dgk gks ;k og dgrk gks rks og [k+qn mlh dh lksp vkSj le> dk
urhtk gS vkSj t+kfdjksa] [krhcksa vkSj eqlfUuQksa dh lksp o le>
egnwn gh gksrh gS rks fQj og bu vUokjs ikdht+k dh vt+er vkSj
mudh “kku ds eqrkfcd fdl rjg dqN i<+ ;k fy[k ldrs gSa ;g
dke rks [k+qnk ds flok dksbZ “k[+l Hkh ugha dj ldrk fd eklwehu
dh vt+er ds eqrkfcd mudh rkjhQ+ vkSj Q+t+hyr c;ku dj ldsA
blh fcuk ij vt+knkj ml eqnnr ds ckn ftlls rhljs ejrcs esa
nks pkj jgk vkSj dqN iwNxN vkSj lokykr tc T;knk gq, rks
muds ncko esa vkdj og [k+qnk dh ekjsQ+r (fd tks ekSgEenks vkys
ekSgEen dk [kk+fyd gS% [k+qn ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen dh Hkh ekjsQ+r
dh dksf”k”k djus yxrk gS vkSj muls enn pkgrk gS fd og mudh
lgh ekjsQ+r gkfly dj lds vkSj muds gd+ ls lSjkc gks lds
rkfd gd+hd+h ryk”k ;kuh cx+Sj dkfgyh vkSj dksrkgh ds og mu
:gkuh mysek ls ekjsQ+r ds rjhds vkSj [+kkl fu”kkfu;ka ekywe
djlds fd tks vYykg ds usd cUnksa] nhus [+qknk vkSj eklwehu dh
vt+er dh tkudkjh j[krs gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(80)
eklwehu dh ¼ekjsQ+r½ igpku ds lcls vge t+fj;s
1-d+qjkus djhe %& d+qjkus djhe og vklekuh fdrkc gS fd tks [k+qnk
dh rjQ ls ukfty gqbZ gS fd ftlus eklwehu ds uwj vkSj nqfu;k o
vk[+kjr dks iSnk fd;k gS ogh [k+qnk fd ftlus reke vklekuksa
tehu dks iSnk fd;k vkSj bUlku dks rks viuh [k+kl jger vkSj
ft+Unxh ds vge ed+ln ds fy; iSnk fd;k rkfd og [+kqnk ds uke
vkSj [kwfc;ksa dks t+kfgj djus okyk ;k vYykg dh f[k+ykQ+r vkSj
mldh foyk;r dk gd+nkj cu ldsA
gkW&gkW d+qjku mlh [k+qnk dk dyke gS vkSj blh vt+he ed+ln ds
fy;s ukft+y gqvk gS vkSj og ,Slh fdrkc gS fd ftlds eqd+kfcy
dksbZ fdrkc ugha vk ldrhA jlwys vdje us mlds ckjs esa Q+jek;k
gS fd ftudks gj bUlku ,d ikdks ikdht+k fny vkSj d+qjku ds
mrjus dh lgh txg] vkSj [k+qnk dh vt+er ds lkFk bl fdrkc dks
gkfly djus vkSj d+qjku dks gj “k[+l ls csgrj igpkuus okyk
ekurk gSA
**d+qjku dks reke fdrkcksa ij blh rjg cjrjh vkSj Qt+hyr gkfly
gS fd ftl rjg [k+qnk dks viuh e[k+ywd ij** bl fdrkc ¼d+qjku½
esa dbZ ckj [k+qnk ds bYe dk ft+Ø bl rjg ls fd;k gS fd dksbZ
“k[+l Hkh f[+kyd+r vkSj bUlku ds mlwyks d+okuhu dks [k+qnk ls
csgrj ugha tkurk D;ksafd bl fdrkc esa bUlku o nqfu;k ds iSnk
gksus ds mlwy ds lkFk mldh [k+qnk ls ut+nhdh vkSj deky ds
ejrcs ij igqapus ds rjhd+s Hkh c;ku fd;s gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(81)
og lwj,s vljk esa Q+jekrk gS &**rqEgkjk [k+qnk rqEgkjs gh ckjs esa
rqels T+;knk tkudkj gS** nwljh txg Q+jekrk gS & **fd [k+qnk
csgrj tkurk gS fd viuh fjlkyr ds vksgns dks fdls ns** bl
fcuk ij vxj dksbZ pkgs fd eklwehu dh vt+er dks igpkus rks
cs”kd og d+qjku vkSj [k+qnk dh enn ds cxS+j ml eqjkn dks ugha ik
ldrkA
beke ekSgEen ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us bl ckjs esa Q+jek;k fd **d+qjku pkj
fd+Leksa esa ukft+y gqvk gS ,d fgLlk mldk gekjs ckjs esa gS ,d
gekjs nq”euksa ds ckjs esa vkSj ,d lqUurks vkSj felkyksa esa vkSj ,d
okftckr vkSj ,gdkekr ds ckjs esa gSA
2-ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk %& vkSfy;k, [k+qnk vkSj myek ds njfe;ku
ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk ds fy;s ;g e”kgwj gS fd ;g gnhls dqnlh gS vkSj
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ o djcyk ds okd+,s dh vt+er dh lgh igpku
vkSj bl ckjs esa vYykg ds cUnksa dks muds Q+jht+ksa ls tkudkj
cukus ds ckjs esa [k+qnk dh rjQ ls jlwys [k+qnk ij ukft+y gqbZ Fkh
ftcjhy ogh ds t+fj;s yk;s Fks fQj djcyk ds ckn bekes ekSgEens
¼v-l-½ ckfdj ds t+fj;s muds pkgus okyksa rd igqaphA
,d lPps f”k;k o vt+knkj vkSj eksfeu ds fy;s ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk
ft+Unxh xqt+kjus dk mlwy vkSj d+k;nk gSA bl ft+;kjr esa ekjsQ+rs
[k+qnk] eklwehu [k+klrkSj ls bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+er dks
igpkuus ds csgrjhu t+fj;s gSa blh rjg eklwehu ls yksxksa ds jkcrs
dk rjhd+k] bUlku dks igpkuus] bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj djcyk ds
ckjs esa ,d lgh vt+knkj vkSj lPps f”k;k dh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dk Hkh
lPpk vt+knkj
(82)
irk feyrk gSA bl ft+;kjr dh tks [+kqlwfl;r gS og mlds vge
gksus dk irk nsrh gS vkSj mlds et+ewu dh cqfu;kn crkrh gS fd
gj bUlku dk bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj vkidh vkSykn ¼bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ vkSj vkids ftgkn ls dSlk jkcsrk gksuk pkfg;s bl
ft+;kjr dh bl d+nj T+;knk vgfe;r gS fd eklwehu ds t+ekus ls
bl oD+r rd u flQZ+ ;s fd eklwehu vkSj myek ikcUnh ls bldks
i<+rs gSa cfYd mldh vgfe;r vkSj ikcUnh esa jkst+kuk c<+kssRkjh gks
jgh gSA
3-ft+;kjrs tkesvk %& ;g ft+;kjr Hkh cM+h eksrcj fTk+;kjrksa esa ls
,d gSA blesa beke dh vt+er dks igpkuus ds mEnk vkSj vPNs
t+fj;s gS fd tks nlosa beke ds t+fj;s f”k;ksa rd igqaph gSA
“ks[k+ vCckl d+qEeh us viuh fdrkc eQ+krhgqy ftuku esa ft+;kjrs
tkesvk ds ckn ,d ulhgr o lcd+ gkfly djus okyk fd+Llk
**lS ;n fj”rh ds okdvs** ds uke ls fy[kk gS ftlls ft+;kjrs
vk”kwjk vkSj ft+;kjrs tkesvk dh vgfe;r bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds
,rckj ls ekywe gks tkrh gSA
4-ft+;kjrs ukfg;k %& ;g ft+;kjr flQ+Z okfjls vkys ekSgEen vkSj
muds [+k+wu dk cnyk ysus okys ;kuh bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk lksx
vkSj ejfl;k gS tks mUgksaus vius et+ywe tn vkSj djcyk ds
“kghnksa ds fy;s dgk FkkA bl ft+;kjr ls gesa ,gyscSr ds eq[+krfyQ
elkbc dk irk pyrk gS gd+hd+r esa ;g ft+;kjr djcyk dh tax
dh ,d cM+h fdrkc gS vkSj ,d rjg ls bls ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(83)
“kjgk Hkh dgk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd blls gesa djcyk dh [+kkl vkSj
vge ckrs ekywe gksrh gSaA
bu pkjksa xqt+js gq, vge t+fj;ksa vkSj eklwehu dh lkjh gnhlksa ls
Q+k;nk gkfly djsa rks vius ejrcs ls c<+dj ml txg igqap ldrs
gaS fd tgka eklwehu ls mudk equkflc vkSj lgh jkcsrk gks ldrk gS
vkSj blh ekywekr ds lgkjs ekSgEen o vkys ekSgEen dh eqlhcrksa
vkSj muij lgh <ax ls vt+knkjh djus dk rjhd+k Hkh ekywe gksrk
gSA
eqlhcr dh nks fd+Lesa
,d lPps vt+knkj dks bLyke ds vly t+fj;ksa vkSj gd+hdh vkfyeksa
dh fgnk;r ls tks lgh tkudkjh feyrh gS mlds t+fj;s og
eklwehu [+kklrkSj ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij gksus okyh nksuks rjg
dh eqlhcrksa dks Hkh tku ysrk gS gkykafd nksuksa eqlhcrsa gh cM+h gSaA
ysfdu ,d ds eqd+kfcy nwljh vkSj T+;knk cM+h yxrh gS ,d
eqlhcr ;kuh d+jhc djus okyh nwljh ;kuh nwj djus okyh ge bl
txg bu nksuksa eqlhcrksa dh rQ+lhy dks eqlhcrs vt+he o eqlhcrs
vkt+e ds uke ls fy[k jgs gSaA
¼v½eqlhcrs vt+he ¼cM+h eqlhcr½ ;s og elkbc gSa tks mu gt+jkr
ds uwjkuh vkSj ikdht+k otwn dks igqaps ;kuh t+qYe vkSj og Hkh ,slk
fd ftlus mudks vkSj muds ,gyscSr dks “kghn dj fn;kA og
elkbc tks jlwys vdje ij mudh ft+Unxh ;k oQ+kr ds oD+r gq,
og nnZukd elkbc tks veh:y eksesuhu vkSj gt+jrs Q+krsek ij
lPpk vt+knkj
(84)
jlwy dh ft+Unxh vkSj mudh oQ+kr ds ckn ;k mu gt+jkr dh
“kgknr ds oD+r gq,A
beke glu ¼v-l-½ dks dbZ ckj t+gj nsus dh eqlhcr vkSj mudh
“kgknr ds ckn muds tukt+s ij rhjksa dh ckfj”k vkSj buesa ls lHkh
gt+jkr ds lkFk tq+Ye [k+kl rkSj ls beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh lcls
cM+h eqlhcr fd muds lkFk muds [k+kunku vkSj pkgus okyksa dks
djcyk esa “kghn fd;k x;k vkSj muds ckn eklwehu dks tqYeks tkSj
dk fu”kkuk cuk;k tkrk jgk ;g lcdh lc cM+h eqlhcrksa esa ls gh
gSaA
ysfdu bu cM+h eqlhcrksa ds ckn ,d lPps f”k;k vkSj vt+knkj dk
D;k rjhd+k gksuk pkfg;s\ D;k rhljs ejrcs okys vt+knkj dh rjg
fd tks flQ+Z ,glklks ekSgCcr esa jksrk jgrk gS vkSj og Hkh bu
reke vkQ+rksa vkSj Q+jlwnk jleksa fjokt ds lkFk\ ;k gesa fdlh vkSj
rjhd+s ls dqN djuk gksxk\
ge equkflc le>rs gSa fd bldk tokc **lcls cM+h eqlhcr** dh
cgl ds ckn nsaA
¼c½eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ og eqlhcr tks gj t+ekus ds
bUlkuksa ij gd+hd+rs nhu ls eg:e djds ;k vYykg ds [k+kl cUnksa
ls eg:e djds [k+kl rkSj ls vkbEek, eklwehu ls mUgsa nwj djds
igqapkbZ xbZ ;g eqlhcr blfy;s Hkh cM+h gS fd eklwehu dks [k+qnk us
tks [k+kl ejrck bUlkuksa dh fgnk;r o jgcjh dk fn;k Fkk og
Nhu fy;k x;kA bu elk,c ds chp esa jkcsrk vkSj mldh rQ+lhy
lPpk vt+knkj
(85)
vkSj blh rjg ,d vt+knkj vkSj iDds f”k;k ds Q+jhts+ dks dqN
ckrksa ds lkFk is”k djsaxsA
bUlkuh ft+Unxh esa nhu dh vgfe;r
og [+kqnk fd tks bUlku o tgku dk iSnk djus okyk gS vkSj
vkyehu dk ikyus okyk o ekfyd vkSj nqfu;k dks <ax ls pykus
okyk Hkh gS vkSj gj ,d ls T+;knk tkuus okyk vkSj bUlku dks
bUlkuksa ls T+;knk igpkurk gS og d+qjku esa bUlkuh ft+Unxh dh nks
fdLesa c;ku djrk gSA
¼v½fQ+rjh ft+Unxh %& uhps fn;s x;s pkj ejgyksa dks “kkfey gS %&
1- dqN bUlkuksa dh ft+Unxh bZaV iRFkj ds tSlh gS **fQj
rqEgkjs fny blds ckn l[+r gks x, tSls og iRFkj gks
x,sA**
2- vkSj dqN bUlkuksa dh ft+Unxh rks bZaV iRFkj ls Hkh fxjh
gqbZ gS **rqEgkjs fny iRFkj ls Hkh T+;knk l[+r gks x;s
gSaA**
3- dqN bUlkuksa dh ftUnxh tkuojksa dh rjg gS **og
pkSikk;ksa tSls gSaA**
4- dqN bUlku pkSik;ksa vkSj tkuojksa ls Hkh cnrj gSa **cfYd
og rks pkSik;ksa ls Hkh iLr vkSj cnrj gSaA**
budks vxj nwljs ,rckj ls rd+lhe fd;k tk; rks
bu pkjksa ejgyksa dks iRFkjksa ls iLr ft+Unxh] iRFkjksa dh
ft+Unxh] ?kkl Qwl dh vkSj tkuojksa dh ft+Unxh esa rd+lhe
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(86)
¼c½bUlkuh ;k fQ+rjh ft+Unxh %& bUlku ds vUnj tkuojksa dh
[+kwfc;ksa ds vykok :gkuh o bykgh iSgyw Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA tSlk
fd [+kqnk us bUlku ds vUnj :g Qw¡drs oD+r bldk ft+Ø fd;k Fkk
vkSj ml oD+r Q+fj”rksa ls dgk Fkk fd **tc eSa bldks ¼ftlekuh
,rckj ls cjkcj ;kuh½ lgh dj yw¡ vkSj mlesa viuh :g Q¡wad nw¡
rks rqe lcds lc mldks ltnk djuk** nhu dh t+cku esa bl :gs
bykgh dks **fQ+rjr** ds ,rckj ls ;kn fd;k gS vkSj bUlku dk
blh [+kqlwfl;r dh otg ls bUlku uke j[kk x;k vkSj Q+fj”rksa ls
csgrj cuk dj muds fy;s bls yk,d+s ltnk Hkh cuk;k bUlku ds
otwn esa bl ckr dh mlh oD+r c<+ksRjh gksrh gS fd tc mls [k+qnkbZ
rjfc;r o fgnk;r gkfly gks tk;s [k+qnk us Hkh vius nhu dks
bUlku dh fQ+rjr vkSj mldh ft+Unxh ds eqrkfcd+ gh cuk;k gS
mlus d+qjku esa dgk fd **¼, jlwy½ vki vius :[+k dks nhu dh
rjQ+ j[ksa vkSj ckfry ls cpsa jgsa D;ksafd ;g nhu og bykgh fQ+rjr
gS ftlij mlus bUlkuksa dks iSnk fd;k vkSj vYykg dh f[k+Yd+r esa
dksbZ rcnhyh ugha gks ldrh gS ;d+huu ;gh lh/kk vkSj et+cwr nhu
gS exj T+;knkrj yksx blls cs [k+cj gSaA**
vEkfc;k tksfd bUlkus dkfey gSa og nhus [k+qnk dh rcyhx+ vkSj
bUlkuksa dks deky dh eaft+y dh fgnk;r djus ds fy;s vk;s FksA
ufc;ksa vkSj [k+qnk ds nhu ds flok fdlh esa Hkh bUlkuksa dh fQ+rjh
lykfg;rksa dh bykgh rjfc;r vkSj mldh fQ+rjr dks cqyUnh nsus
dh rkd+r ugha gS vkSj mldh otg flQZ+ ;g gS fd [kqnk gh mldk
iSnk djus okyk gS rks mldks bUlkuh ft+Unxh flZQ+ vkSj flZQ+ mlds
lPpk vt+knkj
(87)
lkeus lj >qdkus vkSj ufc;ksa ds gqDe ij vey djus ls gh gkfly
gks ldrh gSA tSlk fd mlus dgk **vYykg o jlwy dh vkokt+ ij
yCcSd dgks tc og rqEgs fdlh ckr ds fy, cqyk,sa ftlesa rqEgkjh
ft+Unxh gSA**
nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;wa dgk tk;s fd **nhus gd+** gh bUlku dks ft+Unxh
nsus okyh mu [k+kl pht+ksa esa gS fd ftls [k+qnk o jlwy bUlku dks
crkrs gSa fygkt+k bUlku [k+qnk ds cuk;s gq, dkuwu ij py dj gh
ikdks ikdht+k ft+Unxh xqt+kj ldrk gS vkSj nhu dh ikcUnh fd;s
cxS+j bl ikdht+k ft+Unxh dks gkfly ugha fd;k tk ldrk tSlk
fd gt+jr vyh us Qjek;k fd **bUlku ds fy;s cxS+j nhu ds
ft+Unxh csdkj gSA**
t+kfgj gS fd bl ft+Unxh ls bUlkuh ft+Unxh gh eqjkn gSA
nhus [+kqnk ds Hkh dqN mlwy vkSj dqN Q+q:v gSa fd ftu mlwy ij
og fny ls ;d+hu j[krk gS vkSj muds eqrkfcd+ vey Hkh djrk gS
vkSj nhu ds reke v[k+ykd+h vkSj veyh gqDe dks ekurk gS ftlls
mls ges”kk ds fy;s ikdks ikdht+k ft+Unxh fey tkrh gSA
blhfy, bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds fy;s lcls T+;knk t+:jr vius [k+qnk o
iSnk djus okys ls jkcsrk gS vkSj mlwyks Qq+:, nhu ls gkfly gksus
okyh fgnk;r ls Q+k;nk gkfly djuk gSA
ge vc rd dh ckrksa ls bl urhts dks igqaps fd bUlkuksa ds fy;s
lcls cM+h eqlhcr [k+qnk ds nhu ls eg:e gksuk gS D;ksafd [k+qnk ds
nhu ds cxS+j dksbZ bUlku Hkh bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds ekewyh ejgys ls
fQ+rjh vkSj bUlkuh ejgys rd ugha igq¡p ldrkA bUlku [k+qnk ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(88)
nhu dh ikcUnh vkSj vYykg dh fgnk;r ls Q+k;nk mBkdj gh
nqfu;k o vk[k+jr dh usdh dks gkfly dj ldrk gSA lh/ks jkLrs
vkSj vYykg ds ft+Unxh c[+”kus okys dkuwu ds vykok dksbZ jkLrk
bUlku dks mldh iSnkb”k ds ed+ln ;k mldks deky rd ugha
igqapk ldrkA
blhfy, ufc;ksa vkSj vklekuh fdrkcksa ds vkus dk ed+ln nhus
[k+qnk vkSj lh/ks jkLrs dh rjQ+ yksxksa dh fgnk;r djuk vkSj reke
nhuksa ij vYykg ds nhu dk gkfde gks tkuk FkkA jlwys vdje Hkh
yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds lkFk reke bUlkuksa ij nhus [+kqnk dh
gkdfe;r ds flok dqN ugha pkgrs Fks og ed+ln ftlds fy, lkjs
bUlku] nqfu;k dh reke pht+sa] t+ehuks vkleku mlhds fy, iSnk
gq, gSa og ed+ln bruk cM+k gS fd gt+kjksa uch] pkSnk eklwehu
mlds fy;s “kghn gksus dks rS;kj jgsA
yk[kksa usd balku] “kjhQ+ enZ o vkSjrs] toku ;gka rd fd cPps Hkh
nhus [k+qnk dh gkdfe;r ds fy; “kghn ;k vlhj gq, vkSj dS+n dh
l[+rh ftyk oru] Hkwds I;kls] o Q+kd+ksa dh eqlhcrsa >syhaA
blh otg ls balkuksa dh fgnk;r] [+kqnk ds nhu dh gkdfe;r] vkSj
mldk lh/kk jkLrk tks balkuh eqvk”kjs ij gd+hdh balkuksa ds ikyu
iks’k.k dh otg cuk og ft+Unxh ds ed+ln ds cqyUn] vYykg ds
jgcjksa vkSj mldh vrkvr djus okyksa dh ryk”kks dksf”k”k gS vkSj
ml cqyUnh ds fy, eqlhcrs vt+he ,d rjg ls “kq:vkrh eaftysa gSaA
blh otg ls ge ;g dg ldrs gSa eqlhcrs vkte ¼lcls cM+h
eqlhcr½ ;g gS fd vYykg ds jgcjksa dh nqfu;k ij gqdwer djus esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(89)
ukdkeh ;k nqfu;k dk [+kqnk ds nhu dh gkdeh;r ls eg:e gksuk
gSA
eklwe o e[k+lwl jgcj dh vgfe;r bUlkuh ft+Unxh esa
Ckx+Sj fdlh e[k+lwlks eklwe jgcj ds nhunkjh] fgnk;r o futkr
,d lksp gS D;ksafd cx+Sj eklwe ds nhunkjh ,slh gh gS fd tSls
cxS+j Vhpj ds i<+kbZ vkSj rUn:Lrh o bykt cxS+j MkDVj ds gksA
eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ dks vPNh rjg le>us ds fy;s
nhu ls eklwe jgcj vkSj eklwe jgcj ls reke bUlkuksa ds jkcrs
vkSj rkYyqd+ dks crkuk t+:jh gSA
¼ekfgj½ e[k+lwl dh vlyh gSfl;r ;g ,d fQ+rjh o vdyh
d+k;nk gS fd tks gesa ;g crkrk gS fd bUlku fdlh Hkh pht+ ;k
fut+ke esa pkj ejgyksa ls xqt+jrk gSA jkLrk cukuk] Q+k;nk gkfly
djuk] mldh bLykg vkSj [k+jkch ds ckn mldks Bhd djuk] igys
ejrcs esa rks Bhd vkSj lgh djus okys gknh vkSj nwljs ejgys esa
,d e[k+lwl ¼ekfgj½ dh t+:jr gksrh gS t+kfgj gS fd tks pht+ ;k
fut+ke ftruk my>k gqvk ;k ukt+qd gksxk mls rS;kj djus vkSj
cukus ds fy, ,sls gh ekfgj vkSj e[k+lwl balku dh t+:jr gksxhA
cqfu;knh rkSj ij lkjs balkuksa esa gj dke ds ekfgj dks cx+Sj fdlh
ghy gqTtr ds vgfe;r gkfly gS vYykg ds bl dkuwu ij reke
balku ikcUn gSa fd ftl dke esa oks [k+qn ekfgj ugha gksrs mlds
fy; ml dke ds ekfgj dks <wa<rs gSa chekjh ds bykt ds fy,
vPNk MkDVj cfYd ml ejt+ dk fo”ks’kK] dkj[kkuk cukus ;k
mldh ejrEer ds fy, ,sls vPNs feL=h dks <wa<rs gSa fd tks vPNk
lPpk vt+knkj
(90)
tkudkj gks edku dks cukus ds fy, ubZ ubZ [kkst ds fy,
bUthfu;jksa dks ryk”k djrs gSa oxS+jk] D;ksafd bUlku cx+Sj ekfgj
¼fo”ks’kK½ ds fdlh Hkh dke dks ugha dj ldrk vkSj vxj fdlh
otg ls ;k fdlh xyrh ls ;k fdlh ds cgdkus esa vkdj fdlh
ekfgj ds cnys vukM+h dks cqyk Hkh ysa vkSj ckn esa irk pysa fd
x+yrh ls bls cqyk fy;k gS rks Q+kSju mls okil djrs gSa vkSSj fdlh
lgh ekfgj dh ryk”k dh tkrh gSA vc vxj dksbZ bl vd+yh
d+kuwu dks NksM+dj tc fd oks fdlh ekfgj dks tkurk Hkh gks vkSj
cqyk Hkh ldrk gks ysfdu fQj Hkh fdlh vukM+h dks cqyk, rks lHkh
yksx mlds bl dke dks cqjk dgsaxs vkSj mldh fuUnk djsaxsA
blfy, fd bl rjg ds dke ls bUlku us vius dks lgh vkSj lh/ks
jkLrs ls HkVdk fy;k gS vkSj ,sls x+yr jkLrs dks pquk gS fd tks uk
rks [k+qn ed+ln rd igqaprk gS vkSj u fdlh dks igqapk ldrk gS
bl rjg dk vkneh vius vki ds fy;s Hkh vijk/kh gS vkSj vxj
mlls iwNk tk;s fd rw us ekfgj vkSj Q+udkj dks NksM+dj vukM+h
dks D;w¡ cqyk;k rks mlds ikl u iwNus okyksa ds fy, dksbZ tokc gS
u vius fy,A
blh rjg balkuh ft+Unxh esa usdh vkSj vPNkbZ;ka vk[k+jr esa
dke;kch gkfly djus ds fy, ,d [k+kl ekfgj ls enn ysus dh
t+:jr gS D;ksafd nqfu;k esa ft+Unxh dks vD+y vkSj cqfu;knh mlwyksa
ij xqt+kjk tk;s blh dk loky vk[k+jr esa Hkh gksxk fd bl nqfu;k
esa ,sls jguk fd nksuksa tgku ds fy, dke;kch dh otg cu tk;s
bldh tkudkjh fdlh ,d balku dks Hkh ugha gS flok, vYykg ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(91)
[k+kl cUnksa ds] dksbZ Hkh nqfu;k dh dke;kc ft+Unxh ds jkt+ dks ugha
tkurk vkSj uk gh mldk ekfgj gS ftlls og nqfu;k vkSj vk[k+jr
dh usfd;ka gkfly dj ldsA
fygkt+k lh/ks jkLrs vkSj lgh ekfgj dks uk igpkuuk balku ds fy,
ejus vkSj cqjs gksus dk lcc gS rks fQj gj jkLrs ij pyuk x+yr
vkSj ftgkyr dk lcc cusxk flok, mu jkLrksa vkSj ckrksa ds fd tks
[+kqnk us vius [k+kl eklwe gkfn;ksa ds t+fj;s gesa crk;s gSa fygkt+k
og csodwQ+h vkSj x+yrh dk jkLrk vkSj ftgkyr dk d+kuwu gksxkA
;gh rks otg gS fd d+qjku us mu d+kuwuksa ds vykok fd tks vYykg
us vius cUnksa ds fy, cuk, gSa lcdks x+yr vkSj ftgkyr dk
et+gc o dkuwu dgk gS& **D;k ;g yksx tkgsfy¸;r dk gqDe
¼d+kuwu½ pkgrs gSa tcfd vYykg ls csgrj fdldk gqDe gks ldrk
gSA**
fygkt+k lh/ks jkLrs vkSj lgh ekfgj dks uk igpkUuk bUlku ds fy,
ejus vkSj cqjs gksus dk lcc gS rks fQj gj jkLrs ij pyuk x+yr
vkSj ftgkyr dk lcc cusxk flok, mu jkLrksa vkSj ckrksa ds fd tks
[+kqnk us vius [+kkl eklwe gkfn;ksa ds t+fj;s gesa crk;s gSa fygkt+k
og csod+wQ+h vkSj x+yrh dk jkLrk vkSj ftgkyr dk d+kuwu gksxkA
;gh rks otg gS fd d+qjku us mu d+kuwuksa ds vykok fd tks vYYkkg
us vius cUnksa ds fy, cuk, gSa lcdks x+yr vkSj ftgkyr dk
et+gc o d+kuwu dgk gS& **D;k ;g yksx tkgsfy;r dk gqDe
¼d+kuwu½ pkgrs gSa tcfd vYykg ls csgrj fdldk gqDe gks ldrk
gSA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(92)
blh rjg flQZ+ vYYkkg dh fgnk;r vkSj d+kuwu gh bUlku dh
dke;kch vkSj cqyUnh ds fy, equkflc gS & **dg nks fd lgh
fgnk;r rks flQZ+ vYykg dh gh gSA**
bl otg ls vYykg ds flok dksbZ Hkh bUlku dks mldh dke;kch
dh rjQ+ fgnk;r ugha dj ldrkA
ekfgj ¼fo”ks’kK½ dkSu gSa\
vc gesa ns[kuk pkfg, fd [k+qnk us bUlku dks fdl rjg fgnk;r dh
vkSj nqfu;k ls vk[k+jr dk lQ+j r; djus ds fy, D;k tkudkjh
mls nh gS\ [+kqnk us ,Sls egku bUlkuksa dks gknh cuk;k fd ftudks
[+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls fgnk;r djus dk rjhd+k vkSj eklwe gksus dk
“kjQ+ fn;k x;k gS vkSj bYe o bLer ¼eklwe gksuk½ ;s ogh nks pht+sa
gSa fd ftudh t+:jr [+kqnk ds gj [k+kl cUns ¼oyh½ dks jgh vkSj
vD+y Hkh bUgha nksuksa dh t+:jr dk gqDe nsrh gS D;w¡fd bUlku cgqr
mY>k gqvk] ,glkl djus okyk vkSj egku gS fd ftlds ikl tkus
ds fy, ;k mldks lgh <ax nsus vkSj mldh t+:jrksa dks iwjk djus
ds fy, [+kqnk ds bYe vkSj ekfgj o rtjcsdkj dh t+:jr gksrh gS
vkSj nwljh rjQ+ bl bYe dks reke bUlkuksa rd igqapkus vkSj yksxksa
dks fgnk;r djus esa FkksM+h lh Hkh x+yrh ugha gkssuh pkfg, ugha rks
fgnk;r dk urhtk csdkj jgsxkA fygkt+k bUlkuksa dh fgnk;r rks
flQZ+ vkSj flQZ+ [+kqnk ds gkFk gS vkSj eklwehu bl fgnk;r ds
igqapkus okys gSa D;w¡fd [+kqnkbZ fgnk;r gh lgh fgnk;r gS fygkt+k
bl fgnk;r dh ft+Eesnkjh [+kqnkbZ jgcjksa dks nh tk;s rkfd og [+kqnk
ds uqekbZank cudj yksxksa ls lh/kk lEidZ djsa rks mu jgcjksa dk
lPpk vt+knkj
(93)
bYe o bcknr bl d+nj gks fd yksxksa dks mudh fgnk;r ij ;d+hu
gks fd ;g [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls gSa rkfd og viuk fnyks tku muds
gokys dj nsa vkSj cx+Sj fdlh ,rjkt+ vkSj loky fd;s mudk dgk
ekusaA fygkt+k [+kqnkbZ jgcjksa dks [+kqnk ds bYeh [kt+kus ls tkudkjh
j[kuk gksxh vkSj eklweh;r dh eaft+y dks Hkh gkfly djuk gksxk
rkfd yksxksa dks fgnk;r djus esa fdlh Hkh fd+Le dh dksbZ Hkh x+yrh
u gksus ik;s ¼;gka vfEc;k o vkbZEek eqjkn gSa½
ftl rjg Åij Hkh xqt+jk gS bl uqDrs ds lkFk fd bUlku
ckb[+rs;kj gS vkSj vius jkLrs dks viuh bPNk vkSj b[+rs;kj ls
pqudj mls r; dj ldrk gSA fQj Hkh [+kqnk dh ft+Eesnkjh gS fd
bUlku dks jkLrk fn[kk;s vkSj bUlku dks ml jkLrs ij pyus dh
rkd+r ns [+kqnk us bldks dqN dkeksa esa bl rjg ls ckaVk gS tSlk fd
ge uhps fy[ksaxsA
1-[+kqnk us bUlku dks viuh :g dk ekfyd cuk;k ogh :g fd tks
bUlku dks mldh vLy vkSj gd+hd+r dh fgnk;r djrh gS blds
vykok gd+ o ckfry vPNs cqjs esa Q+dZ+ djus dh rkd+r Hkh nh gS
rkfd bl [+kqnk ds uwj ls mu [k+rjksa vkSj :dkoVksa dks igpku ldsa
tks usdh ds jkLrs esa :dkoV curs gSa rkfd mles eqcryk u gksus
ik;sa vkSj tks mlds fy, usdh gS mldks igpku dj mlls tqM+
tk;sa bl ckjs es d+qjku esa gS &**bUlku ds u¶+l dh d+le vkSj
ftlus mls lgh iSnk fd;k fQj mlds fny esa mldh usdh vkSj
cqjkbZ MkyhA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(94)
2-vklekuh fdrkcksa ds Hkstus ds lkFk et+gcs gd+ ls tksM+uk tks
bUlku dh fQ+rjr vkSj mlds otwn ds eqrkfcd+ gS rkfd bUlku
vklkuh ls mldks d+qcwy djds fgnk;r ds jkLrs ij py ldsA
3- [+kqnk ds eklwe jgcjksa dk eqv¸;u gksuk & tks [+kqnk ds bYeh
[k+t+kus vkSj mldh vPNkbZ;ksa o v[k+ykd+ ls okcLrk vkSj [+kqnkbZ
rjfc;r ik;s gq, gksrs gSa rkfd yksxksa dks lh/ks jkLrs dh fgn;r
djsaA
bUlku dh vt+er vkSj cqt+qxhZ] [+kqnk o ges”kxh dh rjQ+ mldh lSj
dk ,glkl vkSj mlds reke igyqvksa ds cU/kuksa dks bl ,srckj ls
fd oks [+kqnk dh iwjh vkSj egku e[k+ywd+ gS vkSj mldks viuh cqyUn
efUt+y vkSj lPph usdh dh rjQ+ fgnk;r djus okys fdlh [k+kl
ekfgj dh t+:jr gS bu reke ckrksa ij /;ku j[krs gq, urhtk ;g
fudyrk gS fd [+kqnk ij bUlku dk ;g ekuk gqvk gd+ gS fd og
mlds fy, ,d [+kkl ekfgj gknh tks eklwe gks vkSj ,Slk et+gcks
d+kuwu eqv¸;u djds crk,s tks Hkjksls ds d+kfcy gks rkfd mldh
fgnk;r iwjh rjg lgh gks vkSj vius vkids lgh ed+ln o cqyUnh
vkSj usdh rd [+kqn dks igqapk ldsA ekfgjks eklwe jgcjksa dk u gksuk
vkSj lgh o Hkjkslsean nhu dk u gksuk [+kqnk dh ejt+h vkSj bUlkuksa
ds iSnk gksus ds ed+ln ds f[+kykQ gS ;kuh cxS+j gknh vkSj Hkjkslsean
nhu ds cx+Sj bUlkuksa ds iSnk gksus dk fut+ke ljklj x+yr vkSj
csdkj gS vkSj [+kqnk dk bl rjg dh e[k+ywd+ vkSj ,Sls dkeksa ls dksbZ
okLrk ughaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(95)
bUlkuksa ds bl ekus gq, gd+ dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, t+ehu ij jgus
okys gj bUlku ds bfrgkl esa ges”kk eklwe jgcj vkSj ekfgjs nhu
muds bf[+r;kj esa j[ks rkfd fdlh dks Hkh [+kqnk ls f”kdk;r djus
dk ekSd+k u feysA
D;w¡fd gj bUlku vkSj gj d+kSe dks ,d vPNs gknh dh t+:jr gksrh
gS vkSj ;g t+:jr flQZ+ vkSj flQZ+ [+kqn gh iwjh dj ldrk gS rks
blds ckjs esa d+qjku esa bl rjg feyrk gS &**cs”kd rqe rks flQZ+
¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okys gks vkSj gj d+kSe ds fy, ,d gknh gSA**
ik¡pos beke bl vk;r ds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa &**jlwys [+kqnk Mjkus
okys gSa vkSj gj t+ekus esa ge esa ls ,d gknh gksrk gS tks yksxksa dks
iSXk+Ecj dh ckrksa dh ulhgr djrk gSA fygkt+k uch ds ckn vyh
mu jgcjksa esa gSa muds ckn muds olh vkSj ;g lc ,d nwljs ds
ckn vkrs jgsaxsA**
vkSj gknh dks eqfUt+j ;kuh Mjkus okys ds uke ls ;kn djus dh
otg ;g gS fd og [+kqnk ds gqDe dks u ekuus okyksa tks gqDe
nqfu;k vkSj bUlkuksa dh igpku djkrk vkSj bUlku dks usdh ds
jkLrs rd ys tkrk gS mu yksxksa ds lkFk eklwe vkSj ekfgjs nhu
gkfn;ksa dh brkvr u djus okyksa dks [k+rjksa vkSj lt+kvksa ls
gksf”k;kj o [k+cjnkj djrk jgrk gSA
gesa ,gyscSr dks igpkuuk D;w¡ t+:jh gS\
,gyscSr dh vt+er dks igpkus cx+Sj gekjs vkSj muds chp dklgh
jkcsrk ckd+h jguk eqEkfdu gh ugha gS vkSj tc rd muls gekjk
lPpk vt+knkj
(96)
lgh jkcsrk u jgs ml oD+r rd ge gjfxt+ lgh vkSj lh/ks jkLrs
dks ugha ik ldrs ftldks ge ryk”k djrs jgrs gSaA
;g eqefdu gh ugha fd dksbZ Hkh ,gyscSr dks vPNh rjg ls
igpkudj fdlh nwljs dks viuk gknh eku ys vxj ge /;ku ls
ns[ksa rks cgqr ls yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks vHkh rd Hkh ,gyscSr dh ml
dM+h dks ugha tkurs tks ekStwn gS D;w¡fd ,gyscSr vkSj mudh
vPNkbZ;ksa dks lgh <ax ls ugha tkursA bekes jt+k ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa
&**fd vxj yksx gekjh ckrksa dh vPNkbZ;ksa dh tkudkjh j[krs rks
;d+huu gekjs iSjksdkj ¼vuq;k;h½ gks tkrsA**
blh otg ls viuh ft+Unxh dk lgh jkLrk vkSj mlds fy, dksbZ
uewuk <wa<us esa csgn ijs”kkuh eglwl gks jgh gS vkSj ges”kk ,sls yksxksa
ds gkFkksa uqd+lku mBk jgs gSa fd tks bUlku ds otwn vkSj mldh
t+:jrksa dks ugha tkurs dHkh fdlh ys[kd dks vius fy, uewuk
le>rs gSa rks dHkh fdlh igyoku rks dHkh fdlh gqujckt+ rks dHkh
fdlh [k+kjth “kf[+l;r dks vkSj dHkh fdlh lkbZfUVLV dks vius
fy, uewu,s vey cukrs gSa vkSj vkf[+kj esa tc [+kqn dks ns[krs gSa rks
ekywe gksrk gS fd og vius ml vewY; thou dks ,sls csdkj vkSj
oD+rh ¼gkfn;ksa½ uewu, vey ds lgkjs u’V dj pqds gSa fd ftlds
,d&,d iy dk tokc d+;ker ds fnu nsuk gksxk tcfd ge fdlh
d+kfcys Hkjkslk ;k ckd+h jgus okyh vkSj gd+hd+h pht+ rd Hkh ugha
igqaps ;g og efUt+y gS fd tgka ge ,slh rdyhQ+ vkSj ijs”kkuh esa
f?kjs gq, gSa fd ftlls dHkh Hkh NqVdkjk ugha feysxkA D;wafd geus
viuh ft+Unxh dk cM+k vkSj d+herh ljek;k ;kuh mez] tokuh vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(97)
viuh [+kq”kh dks vius ek”kwd++ vkSj csdkj ¼gkfn;ksa½ uewu, vey ds
lcc [+kjkc vkSj cjckn dj fn;k gSA
blh otg ls gesa eklwehu dh vt+er dks igpkuus dh t+:jr gS
D;w¡fd ge t+krh rkSj ij ,d eklwe jgcj vkSj uewu, vey ds
eksgrkt gSaA bUlku dh “kku vkSj d+nj bruh T+;knk gS fd [+kqnk
mldh fgnk;r ds fy, fdlh eklwe ls de ij jkt+h ugha gqvk vc
tks Hkh viuk gknh eklwe ds vykok fdlh nwljs dks cuk, og vius
gh gd+ esa flre vkSj cgqr cM+h [+;kur djrk gS vkSj tks dksbZ Hkh
eklwe ds flok fdlh nwljs dks jgcj vkSj uewu,s vey cukus dh
jk; ns rks og [+kqn vius vkSj ml nwljs ij flre djrk gS vkSj
cgqr cM+h [+;kur djrk gSA fygkt+k gesa eklwe dh vt+er dks
igpkuus dh l[+r t+:jr gS D;w¡fd muds vykok dksbZ Hkh gekjs
yk;d+ ugha gks ldrkA gesa eklwe dh vt+er dks igpkuus dh
t+:jr gS D;w¡fd ge viuh mez dks cjckn djuk ugha pkgrs vkSj
ge gSjkuh o ijs”kkuh ls Hkh nwj gSaA blhfy, gj ckr ls igys gekjh
lcls cM+h ft+Eesnkjh bykgh jgcjks fgnk;r djus okys bekeksa
[+kklrkSj ls vius t+ekus ds beke dks igpkuus dh gS fd ftuds
lgkjs ds cx+Sj ge fiNM+s gq, vkSj ykpkj] HkVds gq, vkSj gSjku gSa
muds lgkjs ds cxS+j gekjh lkjh esgursa vkSj dke csdkj vkSj cs
urhtk gSaA
blhfy, rks ge mudh ft+;kjr ds oD+r bl rjg dgrs gSa & **rqe
ij lyke ,s [+kqnk ds lh/ks jkLrs] fd tks Hkh vkils vyx pyk og
gykd gks x;kA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(98)
[+kqnk us eklwehu dh iSjoh dk gqDe blfy, fn;k gS fd bUlku
ijs”kkuh vkSj l[+rh esa u iM+s vkSj usdh ds jkLrs dks vklkuh ls r;
djs vkSj blfy, Hkh fd eklwehu tks [+kkldj jgcj gSa fgnk;r ds
fy, budks NksM+ dj fdlh nwljs dks gknh u cuk,sa D;w¡fd og rks
bUlkfu;r ds ckjs esa dqN Hkh ugha tkurs muls cpsa D;w¡fd [+kqnk us
Q+jek;k gS fd &**[+kqnk ls Mjks vkSj lPpksa ds lkFk gks tkvks** bekes
ekSgEEns ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ ls bl ckjs esa loky fd;k x;k rks vkius
Q+jek;k &**lPpksa ls eqjkn ge gSa** vkSj vk;r eas [+kqnk ls Mjks dk
ft+Ø lPpksa ds lkFk gksus ds gqDe ls igys ,d [+kkl ekuh esa gqvk
FkkA ;g [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls Mjkus ds fy, dgk Fkk fd vxj yksx
[+kqnk vkSj gd+ ds bekeksa dk lkFk u nsa vkSj vius vkidks muds
lqiqnZ u djsa vkSj usd o lh/ks jkLrs ls gVdj rckgh o cjcknh ds
jkLrs ij pysa rks vk[k+jr esa vt+kc dk et+k p[ksaxs vkSj og vt+kc
fd tks mUgksaus vius vkids fy, rS;kj fd;k gS ;kuh tks mlds
otwn ds yk;d+ dekykr dh otg ls u igqapus okyk vt+kc vkSj
mu pht+ksa ls vius dks eg:e djuk fd ftudh mls t+:jr gS
vkSj og mldh [+kq”kh ds fy, t+:jh Hkh gksA
bekes ekSgEEns ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa fd &**[+kqnk us Q+jek;k gS
fd eSa mu yksxksa ij ;d+huu vt+kc ukft+y d:axk fd tks
eqlyeku gSa fQj Hkh ,sls x+yr beke dh iSjoh djsa fd tks [+kqnk dh
rjQ+ ls u gks pkgs og yksx usd vkSj ijgst+xkj gh D;w¡ u gksa vkSj
mu eqlyekuksa dks ekQ+ dj nwaxk fd tks bLyke esa ,sls bekes
vkfny dh iSjoh djsa fd tks [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls gksa pkgs og yksx
lPpk vt+knkj
(99)
t+kfye vkSj cqjs vkeky okys gh D;w¡ u gksa** bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ dh
bl ot+kgr ls bl tqEys ds ekuh **fd [+kqnk ls Mjks** Hkh okts+g gks
x;s fd og bekeksa ;kuh lPpksa ls fey tkvks dk gqDe vkus ls igys
dk gqDe FkkA
bu ckrksa ls ;g irk pyk fd bl nqfu;k vkSj vk[+kjr dh usdh dks
gkfly djus ds fy, lcls t+:jh pht+ vYykg dh rjQ+ ls [k+kl
jgcj tks iwjk iwjk uewu, vey gS vkSj eklwe Hkh gks mldks jgcj
ekusa vkSj og Hkh bl rjg fd vxj bl uewu, vey ¼vkbZfMy½ ls
eg:e gks tk,sa rks pkgs fdruh gh esgur ls usd o vPNs dke djsa
rc Hkh mldk dksbZ urhtk ugha feysxkA ysfdu vxj ge ,d
eklwe vkbZfM;y ds lkFk dksbZ usd dke djsaxs rks mldk urhtk
t+:j feysxk pkgs gekjk og usd dke “kdks “kqcg ls nks pkj gh
D;w¡ u gksA
blhfy, d+qjku djhe esa gS fd &**mlls T+;knk HkVdk gqvk dkSu gS
fd tks [+kqnk dh fgnk;r dks NksM+dj viuh euekuh djs** vc
bUlku ;k rks [+kqnk ds Hksts gq, jguqek] bYe] o rtjcsdkj ekfgjs
nhu dh iSjoh djus okys gSa fd ,slh lwjr esa og [+kq”k ulhc vkSj
fgnk;r ik;s gq, gksrs gSa ;k viuh euekuh djus vkSj [+kqnk ds Hksts
gq, gknh ls Q+k;nk ugha mBkrs rks og HkVds gq, vkSj cqjh fd+ler
ds yksx gksrs gSaA
bekesa ewlk dkft+e ¼v-l-½ bl vk;r ds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa fd
&**lcls T+;knk HkVdk gqvk og gS fd tks eklwehu esa ls fdlh
beke ds cxS+j [+kqn viuh vD+yh jk; ls nhu dks le>rk gksA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(100)
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us jlwys [+kqnk dh gnhl c;ku Q+jekbZ fd &**
tks Hkh pkgrk gS fd og iSx+Ecjksa dh rjg ft;s vkSj “kghnksa dh rjg
ejs vkSj ml tUur dks fd ftls [+kqnk us iSnk fd;k gS mlesa jgs rks
mls vyh dh iSjoh djuh pkfg, vkSj muds nksLrksa ls nksLrh djs
vkSj muds ckn vkus okys bekeksa dh iSjoh djs blfy, fd ;g essjs
,gyscSr gSa vkSj esjs gh uwj ls iSnk gq, gSa] ,s [+kqnk esjh vD+y vkSj
bYe bUgsa vrk dj ns vkSj esjh mEer ds mu yksxksa ij ykur fd
tks buds eq[+kkfyQ+ gSa] , [+kqnk muds fy, esjh “kQ+kvr ugha gSA**
blh rjg jlwys [k+qnk ds gqDe dks c;ku Q+jekrs gSa &**rqEgkjh mEer
ds cqjs yksxksa ij esjh gqTtr iwjh vkSj dkfey gS ogh yksx fd
ftUgksaus vyh dh foyk;r dks NksM+dj muds nq”euksa ls nksLrh dh gS
vkSj og mudh Q+t+hyr vkSj muds ckn muds ukbcksa ls budkj
djrs gSa] blfy, fd rqEgkjh Q+t+hyr mudh Q+t+hyr] rqEgkjh
brkvr mudh vrkvr] rqEgkjk gd+ mudk gd+ vkSj rqEgkjh uk
Q+jekuh mudh uk Q+jekuh gSA og lc rqEgkjs ckn beke gSa vkSj
rqEgkjh :g muds cnu esa gS vkSj rqEgkjh :g ogh gS tks rqEgkjs
[+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls rqEgkjs vUnj Qw¡dh xbZ gS vkSj ogh rqEgkjs
,gyscSr gSa tks rqEgkjs uwj] xks”r o [+kwu ls cus gSaA [+kqnk us rqEgkjh
vkSj rqels igys ds iSx+Ecjksa dh lqUur dks buesa tkjh j[kkA ;g
rqEgkjs ckn esjs bYe ds [k+t+kus gSa budk eq> ij gd+ ;g Fkk fd eSa
budks cM+k cukÅ budks pquwa ikd o nksLr j[kw¡ vkSj tks Hkh budks
nksLr j[ks vkSj budh iSjoh djs vkSj budh Q+t+hyr dks ekus og
futkr ik;sxkA cs”kd ftcjbZy muds vkSj muds cki vkSj nksLrksa ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(101)
uke vkSj tks mudh Q+thyr dks ekurs gSa muds uke esjs fy;s yk;s
FksA
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us jlwys [+kqnk ls gnhl c;ku Q+jekbZ &**jger
dh gok] vkjke] dke;kch] enn] Q+rg] cjdr] cqt+qxhZ] c[k+f”k”k]
veku] nkSyr] [+kq”k[+kcjh] [+kqnk dh [+kq”kh] d+jhc gksuk mldh enn o
dje] mEehn vkSj [+kqnk ls nksLrh ;g lc mlds fy, gS fd tks
vyh ¼v-l-½ dks nksLr j[ks vkSj mudh brkvr djs vkSj muds
nq”euksa ls cst+kjh j[ks vkSj muds lkFk muds ukbcksa dh Hkh Q+t+hyr
dk ekuus okyk gksA eq> ij gd+ gS fd eSa mldh “kQ+kvr d:¡ vkSj
esjs [+kqnk ij mudk gd+ ;g gS fd og muds fy, esjh “kQ+kvr dks
d+qcwy djsA blfy, fd og esjh iSjoh djus okys gSa vkSj tks esjh
iSjoh djsxk og esjk gksxkA **D;k tkuus okys vkSj u tkuus okys
cjkcj gSa flQZ+ ulhgr ikus okys vd+yean gh gSaA**
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us bl vk;r ds ckjs esa Q+je;k fd &**cs”kd
ge gh og yksx gSa tks tkuus okys gSa vkSj og tks ugha tkurs og
gekjs nq”eu gSa vkSj vD+yean yksx gekjs f”k;k gSaA**
th gk¡ vd+yean ;kuh tks fdlh dke dks Hkh mlds ekfgj ls iwNs
cx+Sj ugha djrkA f”k;k bl nyhy ls vd+yean gaS fd og vius
vkidks eklwe ds flok fdlh ds liqnZ ugha djrs vkSj eklwe ds
flok fdlh dks viuk vkbfM;y ;k jgcj ugha ekursA vd+yean
;kuh tks viuh d+nz o mez o tokuh dks tkurk gks vkSj og bl
ij [+kq”k u gks fd mls bUlkuksa ds bYeks fgnk;r ds nkosnkjksa ds
fy, vkt+ekb”k dh txg dk pwgk cuk fn;k tk;s vkSj vius vkidks
lPpk vt+knkj
(102)
mlds liqnZ u djs fd tks cxS+j tkudkjh vkSj lykfg;r ds flQZ+
euekuh dh otg ls bUlkuksa dh fgnk;r ds nkosnkj cu tk,saA
f”k;ksa dh [k+wuh rkjh[+k xokg gS fd fdlh oD+r Hkh f”k;ksa us “kSrku
dh foyk;r o gqdwer dks ugha ekuk gSA
eklwehu bYe esa jkfl[k+ vkSj fdrkcs [+k+qnk dh rkohy ds Hkh vkfye
gSa
¼d+qjku½ **[+kqnk vkSj og tks bYe esa jkfl[k+ gSa muds flok d+qjku dh
rkohy dks dksbZ ugha tkurkA**
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ us bl vk;r ds ckjs esa Q+jek;k gS fd **ge
gh bYe esa jkfl[k+ gSa vkSj ge gh d+qjku dh rkohy dks Hkh tkurs
gSA
eklwehu dk lhuk gh d+qjku dh vlyh txg gS
**cfYd d+qjku jkS”ku vk;rsa gSa mu yksxksa ds lhuksa esa fd ftudks
bYe fn;k x;k gS** ¼dqjku½
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ us bl vk;r dh frykor Q+jekbZ vkSj vius
gkFk ls lhus dh rjQ+ b”kkjk Q+jek;k] bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ mu
yksxsa ds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa fd ftudks bl vk;r ds eqrkfcd+ bYe
fn;k x;k gS &**og flQZ+ vkbEe, eklwehu gSaA**
bekes ckfd+j ¼v-l-½ eklwehu dh bYeh vt+er vkSj “kku ds
cksj esa Q+jekrs gSa &**[+kqnk ds cM+s uke rsgRrj gjQ+ksa ij fuHkZj gSa
ftuesa ls ,d gjQ+ vkflQ+ bCus cjf[+k;k ds ikl FkkA vkflQ+ us
ml ,d gjQ+ dks i<+k fd mlds vkSj r[+rs fcyd+hl ds chp dh
t+ehu r; gks xbZ vkSj mlus r[+rs fcyd+hl dks mBk fy;k fd fQj
lPpk vt+knkj
(103)
og t+ehu viuh vlyh gkyr ij vk xbZ vkSj ;g dke iyd
>idus ls Hkh de oD+r esa gks x;k vkSj ge cgRrj dk bYe j[krs
gSa vkSj ,d gjQ+ [+kqnk ds ikl gS fd ftlls og bYes x+Sc dk
ekfyd gSA**
eklwehu [+kqnk dh t+kfgjh o Nqih gqbZ user gSa
d+qjkus djhe [+kqnk dh userksa ds ckjs esa bl rjg Q+jekrk gS &**[+kqnk
us viuh t+kfgjh vkSj Nqih gqbZ userksa dks rqEgkjs fy;s T+;knk dj
fn;k gSA** ekSgEEkn bCus T+;kns vt+nh dgrs gSa fd &**eSaus vius
vkd+k bekes ewlk bCus tkQ+j ¼v-l-½ ls bl vk;r ¼[+kqnk dh t+kfgjh
o Nqih gqbZ userksa½ ds ckjs esa iwNk rks beke us Q+jek;k fd t+kfgjh
user bekes t+kfgj vkSj Nqih gqbz user bekes x+k;c gSaA fQj mUgha ls
iwNk fd D;k bekeksa esa ls dksbZ beke x+k;c Hkh gksaxs\ Q+jek;k gk¡
mudh “kf[+l;r yksxksa dh fuxkgksa ls x+k;c jgsxh ysfdu eksfeuksa ds
fnyksa ls mudh ;kn x+k;c ugha gksxh vkSj og geesa ls ckjgosa gksaxsA
[+kqnk mudh gj eqf”dy dks vklku vkSj gj l[+rh dks uje dj
nsxk muds fy, t+ehu ds lkjs [k+t+kus t+kfgj vkSj gj eqf”dy dke
vklku gks tk;sxk ;gka rd fd [+kqnk mudks t+kfgj djs vkSj t+ehu
dks muds t+fj;s vnyks bUlkQ+ ls Hkj ns ftl rjg og tqYeks tkSj
ls Hkjh gksxhA**
[+kqnk dh usersa vufxur gSa tSlk fd mlus Q+jek;k gS fd dksbZ Hkh
mldh userksa dks ugha fxu ldrk vxj bUlku dks mlds lkjs
igyqvksa ds ,srckj ls ns[ksa vkSj mls mlh rjg ns[ksa tSls [+kqnk us
dgk gS ,d ekStwn gS tks nqfu;k ls vk[+kjr rd jgsxk bl rjg fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(104)
mldh ges”kk dh usdh fxjoh j[kh gS bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds fd ftls
og lgh <ax ls nqfu;k esa xqt+kjrk gS vkSj bl ,srckj ls mu userksa
ij /;ku nsa tks [+kqnk us mldh vgfe;r le> dj nh gSa rks
;d+huu lcls cM+h o vge vkSj t+:jh user beke o eklwe jgcjksa
dk gksuk le> esa vk;sxkA fygkt+k dksbZ Hkh user vkbZfM;y ;k
eklwe jgcjksa ls cM+h vkSj csgrj ugha gks ldrh cfYd cqfu;knh rkSj
ij rks bl vt+he user ds eqd+kcys esa lkjh usersa cjkcjh djus ds
d+kfcy Hkh ugha gSa csgrj rks D;kA
vxj bUlku dks foyk;rks beker dh user ds vykok [+kqnk dh
lkjh usersa ns nh tk;sa rc Hkh og dksbZ HkykbZ nqfu;k o vk[+kjr esa
ugha ns[k ldrkA vQ+lksl fd bl vt+he vkSj csfeLy user ls
Q+k;nk gkfly djus okys Hkh budh d+njks efUt+yr dks ugha tkurs
vkSj cgqr gh de mudk “kqØ vnk djrs gSaA
gekjk ,gyscSr ls [k+kl ukrk
bl FkksM+h lh ot+kgr ls vkbEe, eklwehu dh vt+er [k+klrkSj ls
bekes t+ekuk dk [+kqnk ls jkcsrk t+kfgj gks tkrk gSA vc ge lgh
<ax ls mudh fulcr vius vki ls vkSj muds fj”krs ls gekjs fy,
t+:jh dke D;k gaS mUgs le> ldrs gS irk pyk fd eklwehu fd
vt+er dks igpkus cx+Sj u nqfu;k fd usfd;k¡ gkfly gks ldrh gSa
ukgh vk[k+jr dh] vkSj ge ;g Hkh tkurs gSa fd ogh gekjh vly
gd+hd+r gaS gekjk muls ,d otwnh fj”krk gS og ogh :gs [+kqnk gaS
fd tks lkjs bUlkuks ij viuk lk;k j[krs gaS vkSj lc vius oqtwn
lPpk vt+knkj
(105)
es mudh jkS”kuh o fgnk;r j[krs gSa vkSj mugh ij fuHkZj gaS tSlk
fd ge ft+;kjrs tkesvk dchjk esa i<+rs gSa fd &**lkjh :gsa rqEgkjh
:g ls vkSj lkjh tkus rqEgkjh tku ls gSa** ge eklwehu ds oqtwnh
jkcsrs ds ckjs esa dqN gnhlsa fy[k jgsa gSaA bekes ckfd+j Q+jekrs gSa
&**cs”kd [+kqnk us gesa lcls vPNk iSnk fd;k vkSj ftlls gesa iSnk
fd;k mlh ls gekjs f”k;ksa ds fny cuk, ysfdu muds ftLe nwljh
pht+ ls cuk, blhfy, f”k;ksa ds fny gekjh rjQ+ >qds gq, gSa D;w¡fd
og mlh ls cus gSa fd ftlls ge iSnk gq, gSaA** bekes lkfnd+
Q+jekrs gSa&**fd gekjs ikl tks Hkh jkt+ vkSj bYe gS og lc [+kqnk
dh rjQ+ ls gS fd ftlds izpkj ds fy, gesa pquk x;k gS vkSj ge
[+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls mldh gh rcyhx+ djrs gSa tc geus blds fy,
dksbZ equkflc txg ;k mlds yk;d+ ;k mls d+qcwy djus okyk ugha
ik;k rks [+kqnk us mlh pht+ o uwj ls ,sls yksxksa dks iSnk fd;k fd
tks mls d+qcwy djsa fd ftl uwj ls ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen dks iSnk
fd;k Fkk vkSj mudks vius Q+Tk+yks jger ls cuk;k ftl rjg
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEEkn ds lkFk mldk Q+T+yks jger gS vc tks
geus mldk izpkj fd;k fd ftldh ft+Eesnkjh gesa [+kqnk us nh gS rks
mu yksxksa us mls d+qcwy fd;k vkSj ;kn j[kkA blhfy, muds fny
gekjh igpku vkSj gnhlksa dh rjQ+ >qds vxj og Hkh mlh uwj ls
iSnk u gq, gksrs rks ,ssls u gksrs vkSj [+kqnk dh d+le og bu ckrksa
dks cjnk”r Hkh ugha djrsA**
bekes t+ekuk ,gyscSr ls [+kqnk ds cUnksa ds otwnh jkcsrs vkSj ;g fd
ogh cUnksa ds ft+Unk jgus dh vly otg gaS mlds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa
lPpk vt+knkj
(106)
fd **ge [+kqnk ds cuk;s gq, gSa vkSj lkjh e[+kywd gekjh cukbZ gqbZ
gSA**
nhu vkSj “kh;r dh :g dk fQ+Rkjh ¼LoHkkfod½ gksuk
cgqr t+:jh ckr ;g gS tSls fd ihNs Hkh bldk b”kkjk gqvk fd lc
yksxksa tks [+kqnk dh :g vkSj fQ+Rjr gSa og ekSgEenkas gh dh >yd gSa
;kuh muds vUnj tks Hkh nhus ekSgEen vkSj vkys ekSgEen dh
ulhgr gS mldh cqfu;kn ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen gh gSaA [+kqnk vius
nhu dks LoHkkfOkd crkrk gS ;kuh ogh pht+s fd ftudks yksx vius
vUnj ikrs gSaA **vki vius psgjs dks nhu dh rjQ+ j[ksa vkSj ckfry
ls fdukjk fd;s jgsa fd ;g nhu og fQ+Rjrs [+kqnk gS ftl ij mlus
bUlkuksa dks iSnk fd;k gS vkSj [+kqnk ds iSnk djus esa dksbZ Q+jd+ ugha
gks ldrk ;gh lh/kk vkSj et+cwr nhu gS exj cgqr ls yksx blls
fcYdqy vUtku gSaA**
blhfy, d+qjku ds eqrkfcd+ bUlkuh cqyUnh vkSj bLyke ds chp ,d
cqu;knh jkcsrk gS tks nhu lgh vkSj [+kqnk dk nhu gS ftlds jgcj
pkSng eklwe gaSA vc tks Hkh bl nhu ij vey djsxk og [+kqnk dh
:g vkSj mlds nhu dks d+qcwy djus esa ekfgj gks tk;sxk ;kuh
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen dk ogh uwj tks mlds vUnj gS tc og
lfØ; gksrk gS rks og ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds d+jhc gks tkrk gSA
D;w¡fd nhu ds T+;knkrj ,gdke ¼vkns”k½ ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ij
gh fuHkZj gSaA ;g nyhy bl rjg Hkh lgh gS fd tc Hkh tgk¡ Hkh
dksbZ O;fDr bLykes ekSgEenh dks lgh <ax ls igpkurk vkSj le>rk
gS ¼ukfd vejhdh eux<+r bLyke tSls ogkfc;r½ rks Q+kSju mlds
lPpk vt+knkj
(107)
fny esa ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen dh ekSgCcr iSnk gks tkrh gS bl
fdrkc ds ys[kd dh tc bZjku vkSj bZjku ds ckgj ,sls yksxksa ls
eqykd+kr gqbZ ftUgksaus tYnh gh bLyke d+qcwy fd;k Fkk og Hkh
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ls blh rjg ekSgCcr djrs FksA fygkt+k
vxj bUlkuksa vkSj ekSgEEknks vkys ekSgEen ds chp ,d cqu;knh
fj”rk u gksrk rks bl rjg rst+h ls mudh ekSgCcr dk fny esa iSnk
gksuk uk eqefdu Fkk D;w¡fd ;g ,slh ekSgCcr gksrh gS tks u;s u;s
eqlyekuksa dks Hkh dq+ckZu gksus] “kghn gksus ij rS;kj dj nsrh gSA
blhfy, vxj fjok;r esa [k+kl yksx ;kuh f”k;ksa dks ,gyscSr ds
gqDeks d+kuwu dks d+qcwy djus okyk pquk gqvk xzqi dgk tk; rks
bldk ;g eryc gS fd tks bUlku Hkh lgh jkLrs dks ryk”k djus
okyh :g vius vUnj et+cwr djs oks rkLlqc dks ,d rjQ+ j[ks rks
ogh lgh jkLrk <wa<us okyh :g mldks f”k;r vkSj ,gyscSr ds
et+gc rd igqapk nsxhA
,gyscSr lc bUlkuksa dh :g esa gaS flQ+Z ml d+herh tkSgj dks vkSj
[+kqnk ds [k+kl dje dks vius vUnj et+cwr djsa rkfd ekSgEenks
vkys ekSgEen dh otg ls og csnkj gks tk, vkSj muds dje ls
mlesa tkx:drk vk tk; vkSj ftlus Hkh ;g dke fd;k og f”k;r
;kuh [+kqnk dh :g ds vkns”kksa vkSj LoHkkfod vkfn rd igqap x;k
;kuh og ,gysCkSr ds vkns”kksa dks vkSj mudh jgcjh o gqdwer dks
d+qcwy djus esa dke;kch izkIr djrk gS vkSj x+yr jgcjksa vkSj uk
rtjcsdkjksa dks NksM+ nsrk gSA vkSj ,gyscSr ds vkns”kksa ij pyus]
vius fy, mudks vkbZfM;y cukus esa dksf”k”k djrk gS D;w¡fd ogh
lPpk vt+knkj
(108)
[+kqnk ds Kku ds tkudkj gSa blfy, lkjs bUlkuksa ds fy, nhus gd+
esa vkus dk jkLrk ,gyscSr dks vkbZfM;y cukdj mudh ljijLrh es
jgdj lh/ks jkLrs ij pyus dss fy, [kqyk gqvk gS vkSj nhus gd+ es
vk;s ;k ugh blds fy, t+:jh gS fd bLyke dh t+:jh ckrsa ekywe
djus ds ckn rkLlqc dks ,d rjQ Qasd dj flQ+Z lPpkbZ dks vius
lkeus j[kasA
gekjs gd+hd+h cki rks ,gyscSr gh gSa
gekjs ek¡ cki ls Hkh cgqr T+;knk d+jhch vkSj [k+kl fj”rk gels
,gyscSr dk gS D;¡wfd gekjs ek¡ cki flQ+Z gekjs ftLe ds fgLlkas ;k
fet+kth ckrksa vkSj nqu;koh pht+ks esa gh ek¡ cki gSa ysfdu gekjh
vly :g o t+kr dh gd+hd+r ds lkFk bUlkuh] [+kqnkbZ vkSj ges”xh
ds ft+Eesnkj gSa bl nyhy dh otg ls gh og [+kqnk ds ckn nqfu;k
ds gekjs lkjs fj”rsnkjksa ls vge vkSj vQ+t+y gSa pkgs mues ek¡ cki
gksa ;k dksbZ nwljk d+jhch fj”rsnkj D;w¡ u gks og gekjs ,sls lPps]
[+kqnkbZ o vkLkekuh ek¡ cki gSa fd gekjs [+kqnk ls b”d+ dk okLrk vkSj
gesa [+kqnk rd igqapkus dk t+fj;k gaS eklwehu og gaS fd ftuds cx+Sj
ge [+kqnk rd dHkh ugha igqap ldrs tSlk fd ge ft+;kjrs tkesvk
dchjk esa bl lPpkbZ dks bl rjg i<+k djrs gSa &**tks Hkh [+kqnk rd
igqapus dk bjknk djrk gS og vkils gh “kq:vkr djrk gSA
og [+kqnk dk lh/kk jkLrk vkSj [+kqnk dk njokt+k gaS blhfy, ge
viuh t+:jr dh lkjh pht+ksa dks muij fQ+nk j[krs gSa vkSj muds
jkLrs ij pyrs gSa vkSj muls ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd **vki ij esjs ek¡
lPpk vt+knkj
(109)
cki d+qckZu** ;kuh ge gj rjg ls vki dh f[+kner ds fy, gj
d+herh pht+ d++++++++ ++++++++ qckZu djus ds fy, rS;kj gSa rkfd ge viuh ikdht+k]
[+kqnkbZ vkSj vklekuh gd+hd+r rd ig¡qp ldsa ;kuh ges”xh vkSj
vlyh cki ¼,gyscSr½ vkSj vlyh oru ¼vk[k+jr½ rd igq¡pus ds
fy, gesa nqfu;k dh dksbZ pht+ ugha jksd ldrh pkgs fj”rsnkj gksa ;k
nqfu;koh userksa dh ekSgCcrA
bl ckjs esa jlwys vdje tks fd lkjh nqfu;k ds fy, jger gSa bl
rjg Q+jekrs gSa **dksbZ vkneh ml oD+r rd [+kqnk ij bZeku ugha
j[k ldrk tc rd fd mlds ut+nhd eSa mlds fy, [+kqn mlls
Hkh I;kjk u gw¡ vkSj esjh vkSykn dks viuh vkSj esjs ,gyscSr dks
vius vkSj esjh t+kr dks viuh t+kr ls vQ+t+y o csgrj u ekusA**
bl bckjr dk eryc fd esjh t+kr dks **;kuh eq>s** viuh t+kr
;kuh vius vkils T+;knk vQ+t+y ekus bl ckr dks /;ku esa j[krs
gq, fd ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEEkn dh gh :g gS tks gekjh vlyh t+kr
vkSj :g gS ;gh gS fd ge viuh vlyh vkSj ikdht+k o [+kqnkbZ vkSj
vklekuh t+kr dks bl ekewyh] t+ehuh] ftLekuh t+kr ls cgqr
T+;knk vge ekusa D;w¡fd ;g mlds lkFk dqN le; ds fy, gS vkSj
mlds ejrs gh mlls vyx gks tk;sxhA
nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa [+kqnk] vk[+kjr vkSj ges”kk dh ft+Unxh ij bZeku bl
ekewyh vkSj oD+rh o t+ehuh t+kr ij c<+kok fn;s cx+Sj eqefdu gh
ugha cfYd >wB gSA cs”kd og gekjh cqu;kn vkSj vly gaS fd ge
lcdks mudh rjQ+ iyVuk gS vkSj ge lc dk fglkc Hkh muds
lPpk vt+knkj
(110)
lkFk gksxkA ge pwafd viuh vly ls feys gq, gSa blhfy, vkjke
vkSj [+kq”kh ls gSaA
,gyscSr gekjs lcls d+jhch fj”rsnkj gSa
ge tkurs gSa fd bLyke esa fly, jge ¼fj”rsnkjksa ls vPNk cjrkvks½
okftc vkSj mldk NksM+uk xqukgs dchjk esa ls gS vkSj [+kqnk mlls
vt+kc dk oknk dj ysrk gS tks vius fj”rsnkjksa ls ukrk rksM+ ns vkSj
d+qjku esa bldh dqN vk;rsa ekStwn gSa vkSj lwj, jkn esa vd+yeUnksa
dh rkjhQ+ es bl rjg Q+jekrk gS fd &**vkSj tks mu rkYyqd+kr dks
d+k;e j[krs gSa ftUgsa d+k;e j[kus dk [+kqnk us gqDe fn;k gSA**
bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ bl vk;r ds ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSa fd &**rkYyqd+
dh ,d fd+Le fly, jge gS vkSj vk;r dh rkohy dk ed+ln
rqEgkjk gels rkYyqd+ j[kuk gS** ;kuh ge ,gyscSr rqEgkjs lcls
d+jhch fj”rsnkj gSa fd rqe ij okftc gS fd gels rkYyqd+ j[kksA ;k
;w¡ dgk tk, fd **gekjk bl nqfu;k esa ,gyscSr ls T+;knk d+jhch]
vQ+t+y vkSj esgjcku dksbZ nwljk ugha gSA**
lcls cM+k tq+Ye cgqr cM+h [+;kur
vc rd tks dqN dgk x;k pkgs oks bUlku vkSj [+kqnk ds
jkcsrs ;k bUlku dk [+kqnk ds fy, dksbZ dke djuk gks rkfd og
[+kqnk dk [+kkl cUnk cu tk, vkSj csbUrgk deky vkSj usdh rd
ig¡qp tk, blh rjg bl jkLrs ij eklwehu ds eqrkfcd+ /;ku nsuk
vkSj mudk [+kqnk ls vkSj gels jkcsrk vkfn- bu lc ckrks ls ge
dqN urhts izkIr djrs gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(111)
1-bUlku dh lcls cM+h t+:jr vkSj [+kq”kh dh cqfu;knh otg mldk
viuh vly vkSj lPph cqfu;kn ls feyuk gS vkSj og gS [+kqnk tks
cM+k gh esgjcku gS fd ftlds gkFk ls bUlku vkSj nqfu;k iSnk gqbZ
vkSj bUlku vkSj nqfu;k dh fgnk;r mlh ij fuHkZj gSA okLro eas
mlds vykok bruh rkd+r vkSj gd+ dksbZ ugha j[krkA blhfy,
[+kqnk ls rkYyqd+ rksM+uk bUlku ds fy, fcYdqy HkVdus vkSj cjckn
gksus ds cjkcj gSA fygkt+k lcls cM+k t+qYe tks eqefdu gS fd ,d
bUlku vius ;k fdlh nwljs ds gd+ esa vUtke ns og ;g gS fd og
[+kqnk ;k gknh] ed+ln ;k vly ed+ln ds urhts ls mldk ukrk
rksM+ ns ;k det+ksj dj nsA
blh otg ls [+kqnk ds dyke vkSj d+qjkuks ,gyscSr dh t+cku esa gj
xqukg ;k ,Slk ukrk tks mldh vly vkSj gd+hd+r ls rksM+us ;k
det+ksj djus dh otg cus mldks **t+qYe** ds y¶+t+ ;kuh jkLrs ls
vyx gkssus vkSj gd+hd+h o yk;d+ “kku ls HkVdus ds cjkcj dgk gSA
2-yksxksa esa flQZ+ eklwehu gh [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls jgcj vkSj [+kqnk ds
iwjs iwjs et+gj] [+kqnk ds lPps tku”khu vkSj ogh [+kqnk ds jkLrs rd
igq¡pus okys [k+kl yksx gSaA [+kqnk us lkjs bUlkuksa dks gqDe fn;k gS
fd ml rd igqapus ds fy, muls Q+k;nk izkIr djsa fd tks jgcj gSa
okLrk vkSj Hkjksls okyk t+fj;k gaS [+kkl rkSj ls tks fd eklwehu gSaA
ftl rjg fd d+qjku dh dbZ vk;rksa ls le> esa vkrk gS [+kklrkSj
ls ;g vk;r &**, bZeku okyksa [+kqnk ls Mjks vkSj mlls d+jhc gksus
ds fy, olhyk <wa<ks** blh rjg ls eklwehu dh tks gnhlsa C;ku gqbZ
gSa mlds ,rckj ls flQZ+ vkSj flQZ+ eklwehu gh lgh olhyk gSa fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(112)
[k+qnk us gesa muds ckn mUgha ds uwj ls iSnk fd;k vkSj muds uwj dh
>yd gekjs vUnj Mkyh rkfd bl rjg [+kqnk ls ukrk ckdh jguk
eqefdu gks vkSj nwljs yksxksa ds fy, Hkh igpkuus dk t+fj;k gks
tk;sA
3-t+qYe dh ml rkjhQ+ dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ;g urhtk fudkyk
tk ldrk gS fd bUlku dk eklwehu ls ukrs dk VwV tkuk ;k
det+ksj gks tkuk tksfd rUgk [+kqnk rd igq¡pus dk t+fj;k gSa vkSj
[+kqnk muds flok gekjs fy, fdlh nwljs dks vkbZfM;y ;k jgcj
cukus ij jkt+h ugha gS ;s ,slk gh t+qYe gS fd tks bUlku vkSj [+kqnk
ds chp ukrk VwV tkus ij dgk tkrk gSA nwljs rjhd+s ls ;w¡ dgk
tk;s fd tc eklwehu ls ukrk dksbZ viuk ;k fdlh nwljs dk tku
cw>dj rksM+ ns rks mlus cgqr cM+k xqukg fd;k D;w¡fd mlus vius
;k nwljksa ds gkFkksa dks [+kqnk dh jLlh vkSj [+kqnk rd igqapus ds
t+fj;s ls vyx dj fy;kA
4-blds vykok ,d vkSj [+kkl urhtk fd tks fiNys iSjkxzkQ+ ls Hkh
feyk gksxk oks ;g gS fd ekuo bfrgkl esa lcls cM+h [+;kur vkSj
t+qYe yksxks dks [+kqnk ds jgcjksa vkSj eklwehu ls vyx fd;k tkuk
gsssss ssssss sS tks vkt rd tkjh gSA
Ekklwehu ;kuh nhu ds fo”ks’kK vkSj okLrfod Kkuh dks NksM+uk vkSj
fgnk;r vkSj bUlku dh jgcjh dks jksduk :g ds cM+Iiu vkSj oqtwn
ds vyx&vyx rjhd+ksa ds ckotwn vkneh dh usfd;ksa ds fy;s
dksf”k”k djus ds ,glkl vkSj vgfe;r ds lkFk vui<+ vkSj uk
rtjcsdkj yksxkas ds gkFkksa bl rjg dk fgnk;rh dke nsuk ;kuh ;s
lPpk vt+knkj
(113)
t+qYe dh ,d cM+h fd+Le vkSj bUlkuksa dh ft+Unxh esa HkVdkus ds
rjhd+s dks tUe nsuk gSA vd+yks “kjhvr ds gqDe ds rbaZ bUlkuksa dh
ft+Unxh ds fy, usdh vkSj gd+ ds jkLrs dh fgnk;r ls T+;knk
t+:jh vkSj cqu;knh dksbZ dke ugha gSA
tks dqN Hkh eklwehu ls ukrk j[kus dh t+:jr ds ckjs esa vkSj [k+kl
rkSj ls bekes t+ekuk dks igpkudj muls ukrk tksM+us vkSj bUlku
dh og vk[k+jr dh ft+Eesnkjh ftles bekes t+ekuk ds lkeus nqfu;k
o vk[+kjr ds ckjs esa iwN xN gksxh vkSj blh rjg d+qjku dh
ulhgr vkSj [+kqnk ds jgcjksa ds dyke esa lkQ+&lkQ+ foyk;r
¼gqdwer½ ds ckjs esa vk;k gS mu lcdk eryc cgqr vge vkSj
t+:jh fgnk;r dk fo’k; gSA
5-jlwys bLyke ds ckn lcls cM+k t+qYe ;g gqvk fd jlwy ds
[k+kunku vkSj ,gyscSr dh fgnk;r o jgcjh ls yksxksa dks eg:e
j[kk x;k fd vkt Hkh bUlkfu;r mldh lt+k Hkqxr jgh gS vkSj
ml t+qYe ds ifj.kke >sy jgh gSA
bUlku muls eg:e gksdj dqN vkSj eqlhcrksa dk Hkh f”kdkj gks x;k
D;w¡fd bUlkuksa dks lgh <ax ls fgnk;r djuk muds gkFkksa ls Nhu
fy;k x;k fd tkss [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls eklwe vkSj nhu ds fo”ks’kK Fks
vkSj tkfgyksa o ykyfp;ksa ds gkFk fgnk;r o jgcjh lkSai nh
vQ+lksl fd ftudk <ax vkt rd tkjh gSA [+kqnk dh fgnk;r ls
eg:e gksus ls cM+h bUlku ds fy, u dksbZ eqlhcr gS u ijs”kkuh
D;w¡fd ;g bUlku ds oqtwn ds rhu njtksa esa mldh igpku dh
cqfu;kn gSA bldh ft+Eesnkjh flQZ+ vkSj flQZ+ lPps beke o eklwehu
lPpk vt+knkj
(114)
dh gh gS fd tks [+kqnk ds bYe dk [k+t+kuk Hkh gSa vkSj nhu dk dksbZ
uqD+rk Hkh muds fy, fNik gqvk ugha gSA
bl ckr ds ckn eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼cM+h eqlhcr½ ds ekuh
vklkuh ls Lke> esa vk x,s gksaxs D;w¡fd eklwehu ls mudh gqdwer o
jgcjh tks nqu;k Hkj ds bUlkukas ds fy, Fkh mls Nhu fy;k x;kA
nksuksa eqlhcrksa esa gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;k¡
tc vt+knkj us viuh [+kkl igpku vkSj xgjh tkudkjh ls bLyke
dh cqfu;knh vkSj vlyh ckrksa ls Q+k;nk gkfly dj fy;k vkSj og
eqlhcrs vt+he o vkt+e dks dkQ+h gn rd igpku x;k rks vc
mls mlds eqd+kcys esa viuh ft+Eesnkjh dks Hkh le>uk pkfg, ,d
lPps vt+knkj ds fy, ;g loky [k+M+k gksrk gS fd ,gyscSr tks
mldh vly o cqu;kn gSa muds lkFk bl rjg ds lqywd ds ckn
mldh D;k ft+Eesnkjh gS\
ge vxys nks fgLlksa esa mu ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks c;ku djsaxs fd tks bu
nksuksa eqlhcrksa ds eqd+kcys esa gj fdlh dh viuh vkSj fey tqydj
ge lcdh gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(115)
Hkkx & 4
cM+h eqlhcr esa gekjh ft+Eesnkjh
vius ek¡ cki ds fy, gekjh ft+Eesnkjh 116
cM+h eqlhcr vkSj lcls cM+h eqlhcr ds chp ukrk 118
cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok vkSj [+kjkc vlj 119
cM+h eqlhcr dk O;fDrxr vlj 120
cM+h eqlhcr dk lkekftd vlj 121
1- t+kfyeksa ls tax ds fy, tkx:drk 122
2- t+kfyeksa dh “kfDr dks lhfer djuk 122
3- fgnk;r vkSj cqyUnh 123
lcls cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok vlj 123
lPpk vt+knkj
(116)
vius ek¡ cki ds fy, gekjh ft+Eesnkjh
jlwys [+kqnk veh:y eksehuhu ls ckras djrs gq, bl rjg
Q+jekrs gSa **, vyh eSa vkSj rqe bl mEer ds cki gSa vkSj ek¡ cki
dk gd+ vkSykn ij ;g gS fd t+:jr ds oD+r og muds dke vk;sa
jge djsa rkfd gd+ vnk djus okykas esa “kkfey gksaA**
cgqr vPNk gksxk fd i<+us okys jlwy dh bl ckr ij T+;knk /;ku
nsa fd mUgkasus viuk vkSj vius ,gyscSr dk ukrk bl mEer ls
fdl rjg C;ku fd;k gS vkSj fdl rjg mEer ls muds vlyh ek¡
cki gksus ds ukrs] gd+ vnk djus dh roTtks fnyk jgs gSa bl gnhl
ds eqrkfcd+ ,d ,Slk oD+r vk,xk fd tc iwjh mEer ds fy,
okftc gksxk fd viuh lkjh pht+ks ds lkFk vius gd+hd+h ek¡ cki dk
/;ku j[kas vkSj vkSykn ds ukrs tks mu ij ft+Eesnkfj;k¡ gSa mudks
iwjk djsaA
exj vQ+lksl bl ckr ij gS fd dHkh Hkh eqlyekuksa us viuh
ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk ugha fd;kA jlwys [+kqnk ds ckn vkids ,gyscSr
dks ,d ds ckn ,d djds csijokgh ls yksxksa dh nq”euh esa “kghn
fd;k tkrk jgkA dqN yksxksa dks NksM+dj fdlh us Hkh vkSykn gksus
dh ft+Eesnkjh ij /;ku ugha fn;kA t+:jh loky ;s gS fd bl oD+r
ge vius vlyh cki tks et+ywe Hkh gSa muds lkFk D;k gd+ vnk
dj jgs gSa\ D;k ge vkSykn gksus dh mu ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vnk dj
jgs gSa fd ftudk gesa jlwy us gqDe fn;k gS\
bekes glu vldjh ¼v-l-½ Q+jekrs gSa &**rqEgkjs lcls
vQ+t+y cki tks rqEgkjs “kqØ ds lcls T+;knk gd+nkj gSa og gt+jrs
lPpk vt+knkj
(117)
ekSgEen o vyh gSa vkSj vyh ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k fd eSaus jlwys [+kqnk
dks ;g Q+jekrs gq, lquk gS fd bl mEer ds nks cki eSa vkSj vyh
gSa cs”kd muij gekjk gd+ muds ek¡ cki ls dgha T+;knk gS D;w¡fd
vxj og gekjh iSjoh djrs jgssaxs rks ge mUgsa tgUue ls cpkdj
ges”kk ds fy, tUur rd igqapk,asxs vkSj mudks x+qykeh ls csgrjhu]
vkt+kn yksxksa ls feyk nsaxsA**
lgh o vlyh ek¡ cki ogh gSa tks yksxksa dks HkVdus u nsa
vkSj mudh vlyh txg vkSj ges”kk ds oru rd igq¡pk,a ,ssSls ek¡
cki ds cxS+j bUlku usfd;ksa dks ugha ns[k ldrk blh otg ls
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEEkn gekjs lcls vQ+t+y cki gSa fd ftudk gd+
Hkh gekjs ek¡ cki vkSj nwljs fj”rsnkjksa ls dgha T+;knk gSA
;gk¡ rd rks ;g lkQ+ gks x;k fd ,gyscSr ls gekjk ,d
[+kkl ukrk gS vkSj ogh gekjs cki vkSj [+kkl fj”rsnkj gSa vkSj [+kqnk
ds flok fdlh ls Hkh gekjk bruk [+kkl vkSj d+jhch fj”rk ugha gS
vkSj [+kqnk ds ckn dksbZ Hkh muls T+;knk gekjs fy, esgjcku vkSj
n;k djus okyk ugha gS cfYd og rks t+ehu esa [+kqnk ds Hksts gq, gSa
vkSj gekjs o lc bUlkuksa ds fy, [+kqnk dh jger vkSj n;k dks
t+kfgj djus okys gSaA jlwys vdje dh gnhl ds ukrs Hkh gekjs Åij
vkSykn gksus ij dqN ft+Eesnkfj;ka gksrh gSa fd vkius mu ft+Eesnkfj;ksa
dks flQ+Z ,d tqEys esa bl rjg dgk fd&**t+:jr ds oD+r muds
lkFk n;k o dik ls O;ogkj djks** gnhl esa **vkSd+kr** oD+r dh
tek dks ¼cgqopu½ bLrseky fd;k gS ftlls irk pyrk gS fd
gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;ka vyx&vyx vkSj ckj&ckj gksaxhA vc ge dg
lPpk vt+knkj
(118)
ldrs gSa fd vxj mu reke oD+r dks ,d txg b[kVV~k djsa rks
mudh nks fd+Lesa curh gSaA
1- tc gekjs lkeus muds fy, dksbZ cM+h eqlhcr vk;s rks
ml oD+r gekjh ft+EesnkjhA
2- tc gekjs lkeus muds fy, dksbZ lcls cM+h eqlhcr
vk;s rks ml oD+r gekjh ft+Eesnkjh
bu nks ft+Eesnkfj;ksa ds ukrs dks lgh <ax ls le>us ds fy,
t+:jh gS fd igys mu nks eqlhcrks ds chp ds ukrs ij /;ku
nsaA
cM+h eqlhcr vkSj lcLks cM+h eqlhcr ds chp ukrk
nksuksa eqlhcrksa ds chp [k+kl lEcU/k gS ftlds igpkuus ls
gesa gj nks eqlhcrksa ds eqd+kcys esa viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vnk djus
esa cgqr enn feysxhA
1-nksuksa eqlhcrsa gh cM+h l[+r vkSj nq%[kn gSa ysfdu t+ehu ij [+kqnk
ds nhu dh gqdwer esa [+kqnk ds jgcjksa dk dke;kc u gksuk vkSj
nqfu;k ds yksxksa dk [+kqnk ds [k+kl vkSj eklwe jgcjksa dh gqdwer ls
eg:e fd;k tkuk cgqr cM+h eqlhcr gSA blfy, fd [+kqnk ds
jgcjksa vkSj muds ekuus okyksa us cM+h&cM+h eqlhcrsa vkSj mldh
lwjrsa flQZ+ lcls cM+h eqlhcr ls cpus ds fy, gh lghaA tcfd
t+kfyeksa vkSj nq”euksa dh rjQ+ ls cM+h&cM+h eqlhcrksa dks [+kqnk ds
jgcjksa dk lgu djuk lcls cM+h eqlhcr dh gh otg ls FkkA
usd yksxksa us bl cM+h eqlhcr dks viuh tku dh d+her nsdj
[+kjhnk rkfd og lcls cM+h eqlhcr ls cpk nsa vkSj mlls tax dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(119)
tk lds ysfdu euekuh djus okyksa us cM+h eqlhcr dks blfy,
cuk;k vkSj lgk rkfd og lcls cM+h eqlhcr ds fy, jkLrk [kksy
nsaA ¼eqlhcrs vkt+e½ lcls cM+h eqlhcr ;kuh yksxksa dk [+kqnk ds nhu
ls nwj gksuk vkSj dqÝ+ks f”kdZ o fuQ+kd+ ls feydj mldks c<+kok
nsukA ;k ;w¡ dgk tk, fd lcls cM+h eqlhcr urhtk gS cM+h eqlhcr
dk] fygkt+k lcls cM+h eqlhcr ls [+kqnk vkSj usd yksxksa dks uQ+jr
gS vkSj “kSrku vkSj euekuh djus okys mldks cgqr T+;knk ilUn
djrs gSaA
2-cM+h eqlhcr ds nks Hkkx gSa ,d dM+ok ,d ehBk ysfdu lcls cM+h
eqlhcr flQZ+ ,d og Hkh dM+ok vkSj [+kjkc Hkkx j[krh gSA
cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok vkSj [+kjkc vlj
cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok vkSj [+kjkc fgLlk ;g gS fd bUlku jlwy ds
,gyscSr vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh “kgknrks eqlhcr dks lksp dj nq[kh
gks tkrk gS vkSj ;g ,d LoHkkfod pht+ gS fd gj bUlku tc
fdlh nq[kn ckr dks ns[krk ;k lqurk ;k fdlh dks eqlhcr esa ;k
t+qYe ds lkFk d+Ry gksrs ns[krk gS rks [+kqnc[+kqn nq[kh gks tkrk gS
vc vxj bl nq[kh dk og d+Ry gksus okyk d+jhch fj”rsnkj ;k
bldh ut+j esa lh/kk vkSj usd “kjhQ+ gks rks mldk nq[k vkSj c<+
tkrk gS bl nq[k dh lwjras vyx&vyx lkeus vkrh gSaA
dHkh&dHkh bUlku dks flQZ+ fnyh rdyhQ+ gksrh gS vkSj dHkh ;gh
nq[k psgjs ls Hkh ekywe gksrk gS vkSj dHkh bUlku dh t+cku Hkh bl
nq[k dks crkrh gS vkSj blds vyx&vyx rjhd+s gksrs gSa dHkh rks
og t+cku ls nq[k t+kfgj djrk gS dHkh ,sls y¶+t+ dgrk gS ftlls
lPpk vt+knkj
(120)
f”kdk;r ;k ,rjkt+ dk irk pyrk gS dHkh nq[k ds T+;knk gksus dk
irk rks dHkh jksuk ihVuk] ph[+kuk fpYykuk ;k blls Hkh T+;knk
ftLe dks ihVuk ;g lc nq[k t+kfgj djus ds rjhd+s gSaA
cM+h eqlhcr ds lkekftd urhtksa dh cgl esa ekSgCcr o
tkudkjh dh tks ckrsa crkbZ xbZa muds vykok yksxksa ds fnyksa ds
nq[kh gksus dh gn vkSj muds fnyksa ds ikd lkQ+ gksus vkSj bl x+e
ds de ;k T+;knk gksus dk Hkh vlj gksrk gS cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok
vkSj [+kjkc fgLlk viuh cqjh voLFkk ds lkFk vyx&vyx lwjrksa esa
vt+knkjh esa “kkfey gks tkrk gS tks cM+h eqlhcr ds fy, ,dkadh ;k
lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dh tM+ vkSj otg curk gSA
cM+h eqlhcr dk ,d rjhd+k mldks pkguk vkSj laokjuk gS
vkSj nwljk nq[knkb o uqd+lku okyk gSA
igyk rjhd+k tks cM+h eqlhcr dks pkgus vkSj laokjus dk
vklku rjhd+k gS og O;fDrxr o lkekftd <ax ds lgh vljkr
dk gS ftldk FkksM+k c;ku uhps fy[k jgs gSa %&
v&cM+h eqlhcr dk O;fDrxr vlj
cM+h eqlhcr dk O;fDrxr urhtk mlh dks irk pyrk gS fd tks
nq[kh vkSj et+ywe gksA [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgknks “kgknr] d+SnkscUn]
ekjihV] Hkwd I;kl] csbT+t+rh o rksger ;s lc bUlku ds fy,
bT+t+r vkSj cqyUnh gS vkSj [+kqnk ds jkLrs esa rks gj l[+rh o ijs”kkuh
dks lguk :g dks laokjuk vkSj viuh cqyUnh ds lkFk nqfu;k o
vk[+kjr dh usdh dk t+fj;k gSA lPps ek”kwd+ vkSj vlyh ekcwn
¼[+kqnk½ ds fy, dqckZuh nsuk vksj mlds fy, ijs”kkuh lguk ;s lcls
lPpk vt+knkj
(121)
[+kkl vius bZeku vkSj b”d+ dks lkfcr o t+kfgj djus dk rjhd+k
gSA
cM+h eqlhcr ds ,dkadh urhts] mldh vgfe;r ds lkFk fy[kus ds
fy, cgqr T+;knk ot+kgr dh t+:jr gS pwafd ;g fdrkc beke
gqlSu dh “kgknr ds lkekftd o fl;klh okd+svkr dks mtkxj
djus ds fy, fy[kh gS fygkt+k bl ckjs esa fdlh vkSj txg
fy[ksaxsA
c&cM+h eqlhcr dk lkekftd vlj
1-t+kfyeksa ls tax ds fy, tkx:drk
blesa dksbZ “kd ugha fd **[+kwu** vkSj **et+ywfe;r** pkgs
vyx&vyx lwjrksa esa D;w¡ u gksa vxj og gd+ ds lkFk gSa rks og
det+ksj :gksa dks rkd+roj vkSj tkx:drk nsrs gSa vkSj muds vUnj
t+kfyeksa ls yM+us dk tT+ck rS;kj djrs gSa blh rjg blls vkt+kn
:g dks pkgrs gq, t+kfyeksa ls cnyk ysus dh tkx:drk iSnk djrs
gSa vkSj blds eq[; izHkko dh deh ;k T+;knrh dk lEcU/k
fuEufyf[kr dkj.k gSa %&
ftldk [+kwu cgk;k x;k gS mldh viuh gSfl;r] yksdfiz;rk vkSj
mlds ekStwn vljkr
d+Ry gksus okys et+ywe dh ikdht+k gSfl;r
et+ywfe;r dh l[+rh o xgjkbZ
d+Ry gksus okys et+ywe ls yksxksa dk ukrk o lEcU/k
t+kysehu ls uQ+jr vkSj yksxksa dk mudks igpkuuk fd muds x+yr
bjkns D;k gSa ;g lc cM+h eqlhcr esa lgk tkrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(122)
nksuksa rjQ+nkjksa ;kuh et+ywe ds [+kwu ds oyh ds chp Åij fy[kh
x;ha ik¡pksa pht+ksa dh igpku dk gkfly djukA
bu dkj.kksa es bruh tku gksrh gS fd og ,d bUd+sykc
¼ØkfUr½ dh lwjr esa cM+h&cM+h t+kfye gqdwerksa dk r[+rk iyV nsrs
gSaA
bu dkj.kksa vkSj fØ;kvksa ds ckjs esa lksp fopkj djus ds ckn
ge bl urhts ij igqaps gSa fd ;g dkj.k nks rjg ds gksrs gSaA
1- Hkkouk vkSj ,glkl okys dkj.k
2- vd+y vkSj tkudkjh okys dkj.k
bu nksuksa ds ckjs esa vkSj buds urhtksa ds ckjs esa ckn okyh cgl
esa fy[ksaxsA
2-t+kfyeksa dh “kfDr dks lhfer djuk
t+kfyeksa dh “kfDr dks lhfer djuk vkSj nhunkjh ds fy,
vkt+kn ¼ekgkSy½ okrkoj.k rS;kj djuk pkgs ulch ¼uLyh½ gn rd
D;w¡ u gksA muds fy, tks fl;klr] lkekftd] f”k{kk vkSj usd yksx
o lPps bUlkuksa ds ikyu iks’k.k esa lfØ; gSaA ;g vlj igys ds
vlj ;kuh “kSrkuksa vkSj t+kfyeksa ds f[+kykQ+ bUd+ykc dk urhtk gS
fygkt+k Hkkouk,sa o ,glkl ;k vd+yks tkudkjh dh otgas ftruh
et+cwr gksaxh rks nwljk vlj bruk gh T+;knk gksrk pyk tk,xk
;kuh t+kfyeksa dh rkd+r o vlj de vkSj lhfer gksrk pyk tk;sxk
cfYd [+kRe gks tk;sxk pkgs dqN le; ds fy, gh D;w¡ u gksA
lPpk vt+knkj
(123)
nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;wa dgk tk;s fd cM+h eqlhcr ds lkekftd urhts
dk igyk vlj ftruk et+cwr gksxk nwljs vlj dk urhtk bruk
gh T+;knk fn[kkbZ iM+sxkA
3-fgnk;r vkSj cqyUnh
tc yksx vius **,glkl vkSj Hkkouk** ;k **vd+yks
tkudkjh** dh otg ls fdlh t+kfye gqdwer ds f[+kykQ bUrsd+ke
dh vkokt+ mBkrs gSa rks gqdwer dh rjQ+ ls mUgsa [+kqnh [+kqn mu
t+kfyeksa ds tokc nsus dh otg ls cM+h eqlhcr dks Hkqxruk iM+rk
gS ftu eqlhcrksa ds urhts esa muds vUnj /kS;Z ds lkFk fgnk;r vkSj
cqyUnh esa Hkh c<+ksRrjh gksrh gS vkSj ,dkadh o lkekth ,rckj ls
fgnk;r o cqyUnh esa c<+ksRrjh dh “kq:vkr gksrh gSA
lcls cM+h eqlhcr dk dM+ok vlj
lcls cM+h eqlhcr dh [+kjkc vkSj dM+oh lwjr gj ,rckj ls Li’V
gS D;wafd tcls nqfu;k ds bUlkuksa dks eklwe jgcjksa vkSj gkfdeksa ls
eg:e fd;k gS rc gh ls gj txg t+qYe] Hkz’Vkpkj vkSj rckgh o
cjcknh ;kuh bUlkfu;r blh eqlhcr esa f?kjh gqbZ gS vkSj ;g lc
dqN lcls cM+h eqlhcr ds gh vlj gSaA
tc gesa bu nksuksa eqlhcrksa ds chp vkilh lEcU/k vkSj mu nksuksa ds
urhtksa dk irk py x;k rks blls gesa bu nksuksa eqlhcrksa ds fy,
gekjh og ft+Eesnkfj;k¡ Hkh ekywe gks tkrh gSa tks [+kqnk us gekjs fy,
gh cukbZ gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(124)
tc Hkh gekjs lkeus dksbZ cM+h eqlhcr vkrh gS rks ge mlds fy,
viuh ft+Eesnkjh dks le>us esa dksbZ ijs”kkuh ugha le>rs gSa vkSj ;g
,d lkeus dh ckr gS fd gj bUlku ¼u flQZ+ f”k;k½ tc vius
fdlh fj”rsnkj ij t+qYe vkSj l[+rh dks ns[krk gS rks mldk lcls
igyk vlj mlds vUnj [+kqn c [+kqn x+e vkSj nq[k ;k jksus ihVus
dh lwjr esa gksrk gSA
blhfy, beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ij jksuk vkSj vt+knkjh djuk flQZ+
muds f”k;ksa rd gh egnwn ¼lhfer½ ugha gS cfYd vkids vt+knkj
fgUnw] eqfLye] fl[k] blkbZ vkSj nwljs et+gc ds yksx Hkh gSa tks vki
;k vkidh eqlhcrksa dks tkurs gSa igyh&igyh ckj ;g ckr cM+h
vViVh lh yxrh gS fd nqfu;k esa ftruh vt+knkjh bekes gqlSu ds
fy, gksrh gS bruh vt+knkjh vkSj bruk x+e nqfu;k Hkj esa fdlh ds
fy, Hkh ugha euk;k tkrkA nqfu;k ds fdlh fgLls eas Hkh ;g ugha
gksrk fd vyx vyx et+gc ds ekuus okys fdlh ,d /keZ ds /keZ
xq: ds fy, tksfd vius /keZ dk u gks fQj Hkh lcds leku mlij
jks,sas vkSj vt+knkjh djsaA vc rd tks ge ,gyscSr] [+kkl rkSj ls
bekes gqlSu ls nwljksa ds ukrs o lEcU/k ds ckjs esa crk pqds gaS
mlij FkksM+k lk /;ku nsus ls ;g ckr lgh <ax ls le> esa vk
tkrh gS fd bekes gqlSu dks ;g [+kkl vkSj lcls vyx <ax D;w¡
fn;k x;k gSA
D;w¡fd beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds uwj dh fdjus lkjs bUlkuksa ds fnyksa
rd igq¡prh gSa blhfy, tc Hkh tks Hkh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj
mudh d+qckZuh dh tkudkjh izkIr djrk gS pkgs og fdlh Hkh /keZ
lPpk vt+knkj
(125)
dk D;w¡ u gks eqlyeku gks ;k x+Sj eqlyeku] vpkud og nq[kh gks
tkrk gS flok, muds fd ftuds fny nq”keukus ,gyscSr ds x+yr
izksisss sSxUMkas dh otg ls l[+r gks x, ysfdu muds fnyks rd D;w¡fd
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds uwj dh >yd igaqprh gS pkgs mudks dqN
irk ugh blfy, mudk fny t+:j nq[kh gksrk gS vkSj og Hkh
blfy, fd cM+h eqlhcr ds ckjs eas jksuk vkSj vt+knkjh djuk ,d
LoHkkfod U;wUre dke gS ysfdu ;g D;ksafd vt+knkjh dks ,d
ft+Eesnkjh okys dke dh rjg djas vkSj bruk T+;knk bldks D;¡w djas
bldk NksVk lk tokc cM+h vkSj lcls cM+h eqlhcr ds chp lEcU/k
ds lkFk fy[kk tk pqdk gS vkSj vt+knkj rks oSls Hkh igys njts es
,glkl vkSj Hkkoukvkas o nwljs njts esa vd+yks tkudkjh dks
tkx#drk nsus ds fy, lcls vPNk dkj.k gS ftlds urhts es
,dkadh vkSj lekftd cM+h eqlhcr ls Hkh tax djus dh cqfu;knh
enn feyrh gS blfy, vkbEe, eklwehu us [k+kl bldh rkdhn dh
gS vkSj bldks nhu es ,d cqyUnh gkfly gS bldh jkS”kuh es
vt+knkjh dk rjhd+k vkSj mls fdl rjg fd;k tk, bldks vkxs
fy[ksaxsA
(126)
Hkkx &5
eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ ds ckjs
esa gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;k¡ lk:Yykg ds ekuh 128
foRj vkSj ekSrwj ds ekuh 132
cnyk ysus dh :g dc iSnk gksrh gS 133
etkfyls vt+knkjh pkSFks ejrcs essa 139
bekes gqlSu dh ut+j esa etfylksa dk et+ewu 145 nhu o vk[+kjr dks ftgkyr ls [k+rjk 147
,gyscSr ds vdsys gkssus vkSj ?kj esa cSBus ij
tkfgy f”k;ksa dk joS ;k 150
tkfgy vkSj det+ksj vd+hnk f”k;ksa ls ekSyk vyh
dks f”kdk;r 152
ikapok ejrck ¼cnyk ysus ds dkeksa dk½ 160
Cknyk ysus ds dkeksa ds rhu fgLls 162
cnyk ysus dh dksf”k”kksa ij jger dk lk;k 176
bekes gqlSu dh tax dk ed+ln 180
ftgkn dh Hkkouk u gksusa ls [k+rjs 189
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus
okys ls gd+hd+h vt+knkj dk ukrk 191
tgwj eqlhcrs vkt+e dk [k+kRkek] vkSj
nqfu;k ij eklwe dh gqdwer 193
eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ ij
jkt+h jguk Hkh xqukg gSA 194
(127)
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds fy, lPps
vt+knkj dh ft+Eesnkfj;ka 197
bUrst+kj djus okys vkSj lPps vt+knkj
dh lcls cM+h reUuk 204
nqfu;k o vk[+kjr esa bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½
ls fdl rjg d+jhc jg ldrs gSa\ 205
vt+knkj vkSj cnyk ysus ds dkeksa eas et+cwrh 212
vt+knkjh dk ikapok ntkZ 214
vt+knkjh dh det+ksfj;ksa vkSj eqlhcrksa ls
vt+knkj dk tax djuk 220
etkfyl o egkfQ+y esa c<+kok 225
lPpk vt+knkj
(128)
eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ ds ckjs esa gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;k¡
vc rd tks dqN Hkh eklwehu dh nqu;koh vt+er] muls gekjk
ukrk vkSj eqlhcrs vt+heks vkt+e ds ckjs esa dgk x;k mlds ,rckj
ls eqlhcrs vkt+e ds fy;s gekjh ft+Eesnkjh dkQ+h okt+sg gks xbZ fQj
Hkh mldh t+:jrksa dks ns[krs gq, dqN ckrsa fy[kuk t+:jh gSaA
lkjqYykg ds ekuh
nqfu;k vkSj bUlkuksa dh iSnkb”k ds ,rckj ls uc;ksa vkSj pkSng
eklweksa dh vt+er] gekjk muls ukrk vkSj blh rjg eqlhcrs vkt+e
ds ekuh tks c;ku gq, bu lc ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kus ls gesa
lk:Yykg ds ekuh le>us esa enn feysxhA ;g y¶+t ft+;kjrs
vk”kwjk vkSj bekes gqlSu dh lkjh ft+;kjrksa vkSj ekSyk vyh ds fy;s
Hkh vk;k gSA **;kuh , [+kqnk ds [+kwu vkSj [+kqnk ds csVs ds [+kwu** [+kqnk
dk [+kwu dgka gS\ [+kwu rks ft+Unxh dk fgLlk gS ysfdu fdldh
ft+Unxh dk fgLlk\ dgka vkSj fdl jx esa gS\ ;g [+kwu ge lcdh
jxksa esa gSA
ftl rjg bUlku dks viuh ft+Unxh ds ckd+h j[kus ds fy;s [+kwu
dh t+:jr gksrh gS blh rjg bUlkuh vkSj bykgh ft+Unxh ds fy;s
mls dqN pht+ksa dh t+:jr gksrh gSA [+kqnk ds [+kwu dks ,d vPNh
pht+ ds cjkcj ekurs gq, nhu vkSj dq+jku ds ,rckj ls bUlku dks
igpkuus dk uke gSA bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds ekuh le>s fcuk
lk:Yykg ds ekuh ugha le>s tk ldrs tSlk fd fy[kk tk pqdk
lPpk vt+knkj
(129)
fd bUlku dh lgh ft+Unxh vkSj gSokfu;r ls csgrj vPNh ft+Unxh
[+kqnk ds nhu ij pydj x+qtkjh tk ldrh gS ysfdu bl nhu dks
Hkh ft+Unk j[kus vkSj ckd+h j[kus ds fy;s ftldh t+:jr gksrh gS
og beke gksrs gSa tks [+kqnk dh usd;ksa vkSj ckrksa dks t+kfgj djrs gSa
vkSj og gekjh ft+Unxh ds lkFk nhu dh ft+Unxh cfYd lcdks ckd+h
j[kus dk jkt+ vkSj t+:jr gaSA
blhfy, beke gqlSu mEer dh fl;klh o :gkuh fgnk;r dks cx+Sj
beke ds ;kuh ;t+hn tSls fdlh gkfde ds t+fj;s gksus dks nhu ds
uhlrks ukcwn gksus ds cjkcj ekurs gSaA
**bLyke dks lyke fd bLykeh mEer ;t+hn tSls gkfdeksa dh iSjoh
djus dks etcwj gS** bekes gqlSu cfYd pkSng eklwehu dk fj”rk
lkjs bUlkuksa ls ,slk gh gS tSls [+kwu dk bUlku ds ftLe ls gksrk
gSA ogha nqfu;k ds lkjs bUlkuksa dh ft+Unxh] [+kqnk ds nhu dh
ft+Unxh vkSj bUlkuksa ds lekt esa [+kqnk dh igpku dks ckd+h j[kus
dh lcls cM+h otg vkSj t+:jr gaS ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds fcuk
[+kqnk dks u igpkuk tk ldrk gS u mlds nhu dks ckd+h j[kk tk
ldrk gSA ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds fcuk [+kqnk dh lgh vkSj lPph
bcknr ugha gks ldrhA ;g [+kqnk ds lgh [+kyhQ+k vkSj mldh
vPNkb;ksa dks crkus okys vkSj [+kqnk dh gqTtr ¼nyhy½ gSa fd
ftuds cx+Sj t+ehuksa vkleku vkSj bUlkuksa dk iSnk gksuk csdkj
gksrkA buds cx+Sj t+ehu lcdks fuxy tkrhA
[+kqnk vkSj [+kqn muds flok dksbZ Hkh u rks mudh iwjh iwjh rkjhQ+
dj ldrk gS u mudks igpku ldrk gSA bekes gknh ft+;kjrs
lPpk vt+knkj
(130)
tkesvk tks fd beke dks igpkuus dk csgrjhu vkSj vPNk t+j;k gS
mlesa eklwehu ds ikdht+k uwj dks bl rjg igpuokrs gSa **fd og
jger dh [kku vkSj vd+yeanh dk [k+t+kuk gSa] bZeku ds njokts+]
yksxksa ds fy;s iukg] iSx+Ecjksa ds okfjl] nqu;k o vk[+kjr ds ykxksa
ij [+kqnk dh gqTtr] [+kqnk dks igpkuus dh otg] [+kqnk dh cjdr
dk fBdkuk] [+kqnk dh fgder dk [+kt+kuk] [kqnk ds jkt+ksa dh
fgQ+kt+r djus okys] [+kqnk dh fdrkc ds okfjl] [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ys
tkus okys] [+kqnk dks [+kq”k djus dk jkLrk crkus okys] [+kqnk dh
gqTtr] uwj vkSj nyhy lc dqN ;gh gSaA
eklwehu dh enn ds cx+Sj dksbZ Hkh nhunkj ugha gks ldrkA bekes
t+ekuk vius et+ywe nknk ds rdyhQ+ksa Hkjs ejfl;s esa bl rjg
Q+jekrs gSa , nknk gqlSu tc vkidks d+Ry fd;k rks mUgksaus vkids
lkFk bLyke gh dks d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj uekt+ks jkst+s dks fcYdqy
feVk fn;k [+kqnk dh lqUur vkSj nhu ds ,gdke dks [+kRe dj fn;k
bZeku dh cqfu;kn fxjk nh vkSj dqjku dks Hkh cny fn;k**
bl rjg dh gnhlksa vkSj ft+;kjrs tkesvk ls bekes gqlSu vkSj pkSng
eklwehu dh vt+er bl rjg ekywe gksrh gS tSls fd buesa dk gj
,d bLyke dh uekt+] jkst+k] [+kqnk dh lqUurksa] ,gdkeksa bZeku dh
cqfu;kn vkSj d+qjku ds cjkcj gks] rks t+kfgj gS fd beke ds cx+Sj
bu lkjh bcknrksa dks djuk fcYdqy csdkj gksxkA
D;k vPNh ckr gS! fd d+qjkus djhe tukcs bczkghe dks mEer dg
jgk gS vkSj bekes t+ekuk bekes gqlSu dks mEer ls csgrj vkSj nhu
dh cqu;kn crk jgs gSa ;kuh mUgsa 1& bLyke] 2& dqjku] 3& uekt+]
lPpk vt+knkj
(131)
4& jkst+k] 5& [+kqnk dh lqUur vkSj nhu ds ,gdke 6& bZeku dh
cqfu;kn] 7& d+qjku dh vk;rsa le>rs gSaA yksxksa esa Hkh tc dqN
tkudkjh c<+h vkSj mUgksaus beke gqlSu dh d+qckZuh dks BaMs fnekx+ ls
lkspk rks ;g dgus ij etcwj gks x;s fd bekes gqlSu us bLyke dks
ft+Unk j[kus ds fy;s ftgkn fd;k FkkA ysfdu ft+;kjrs ukfg;k esa
blls Hkh c<+dj dgrs gSa fd , gqlSu! vkids lkFk mUgksaus bLyke
dks Hkh d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj uekt+ jkst+s dks cjckn dj fn;kA gj
txg dh rjg ;gka Hkh ge Nqih gqbZ vkSj t+kfgj] nks pht+sa le>rs gSa
t+kfgj esa rks bLyke vyx vkSj bekes gqlSu vyx ut+j vkrs gSa
blfy, fd beke gqlSu nhu ds gkfde gSa **tSls vLlykeksa vyk
;klwcqÌhu** vkSj nhu dh fgek;r djus okys Hkh tSls ]]vLykeks
vyy eqgkeh fcyk eqbZu** vkSj d+qjku dks ckd+h j[kus okys Hkh **o
fyYd+qjkus lunu** vkSj ckfru ;kuh vUn:uh rjhd+s ij bl Q+dZ+
vkSj vyx&vyx gksus dk fcLrj cU/kk fn[krk gS vkSj ,drk gh
mudh txg fn[krh gSA blhfy;s vUn:uh rjhd+s ls bekes gqlSu]
bLyke] ,gdke] uekt+] jkst+k oxS+jk gSa vkSj ge Hkh blhfy, ft+;kjrs
ukfg;k esa i<+rs gSa fd ,s gqlSu vkids lkFk mUgksaus bLyke dks Hkh
d+Ry dj fn;k ;gka ge ;g ugha dgrs fd nhu ds jgcj dks d+Ry
dj fn;k vkSj i<+rs gSa fd uekt+] jkst+k] cjckn dj fn;k ysfdu ;g
ugha dgrs fd uekt+kas dks d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj dqN yksxksa dh lksp
gS fd ]]gjjsQ+++w]] ds tqEyksa ls mu vk;rksa dks cnyuk eqjkn gS tks
beke gqlSu dh “kku esa vkbZa FkhaA ysfdu Åij dh ot+kgr ls irk
py x;k fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ [+kqn d+qjku dh vk;rsa gSa vkSj d+qjku
lPpk vt+knkj
(132)
dh vk;rksa esa rcnhyh ls eqjkn bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk d+Ry gksuk
gS ;kuh pwafd bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½dqjku dh vk;rsa gSa rks mudk d+Ry
gksuk dqjku dks cnyuk vkSj d+Ry djuk gh gSA
foRj vkSj ekSrwj ds ekuh
ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk esa **lkjYykgs ocuk lkjsgh** ds ckn tks
tqEyk vk;k gS og gS **oy forjy ekSrwj** mlds ekuh gSa ,Slh
eqlhcr okyk vkSj et+ywe fd ftldk cnyk u fy;k x;k gksA
eqEkfdu gS fd ;g loky mBs fd D;k eq[+rkjs ld+Q+h us bekes gqlSu
ds d+kfryksa dks ekjdj muds [+kwu dk cnyk ugha fy;k\ ;k D;k og
tgUue esa [+kqnk ds ,Sls vt+kc esa Qals gq, ugha fd ftldks ge
lksp Hkh ugha ldrs\ D;k og gekjs gRFks p<+ tkrs rks ge blls
T+;knk mudks lt+k nsrs fd ftruh vc fey jgh gS\ D;k blds ckn
Hkh bekes gqlSu dks bu tqEyksa ls ;kn djuk lgh gS\
bl loky dk tokc mu ckrksa ls vPNh rjg okts+g gks x;k fd tks
vc rd bekes eklwe dh nqu;k esa ,gfe;r vkSj lkjs bUlkuksa ls
muds fj”rs] ds ckjs esa crkbZ xbaZ blh rjg bu eklwehu dk
lk:Yykg ds ekuh gksuk bl loky dk tokc gSA
nksckjk fQj ls /;ku fnyk nsa fd tks t+qYe djcyk vkSj lkjs
eklwehu dh “kgknr ds oD+r gqvk og nks rjg dk gSA ¼1½ eqlhcrs
vt+he **cM+h eqlhcr** ;k mudh et+yweh ds lkFk “kgknr tks muds
ikdks ikdht+k [+kwu cgkus ls gqbZ ;k nq”euksa ds t+j;s t+gj nsus ls
gqbZ bu lc eqlhcrksa ds eqd+kcys esa bCus eqfYte] bCus lkn o f”kEj
dk ekjk tkuk vkSj mlds ckn mudk [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls nks pkj
lPpk vt+knkj
(133)
gksuk [+kwu dk cnyk ysus ds fy;s dkQ+h gSA ¼2½ eqlhcrs vkt+e
lcls cM+h eqlhcr ;gh fd bUlkuksa dh jgcjh] [+kqnk ds [+kyhQk+
vkSj eklwe dh gqdwer ls eg:e djds mudks ml ft+Eesnkjh vkSj
vksgns ls vyx jgus ds fy;s etcwj fd;k fd ftldk [+kqnk us
mudks ft+Eesnkj cuk;k FkkA blesa dksbZ “kd ugha fd bl rjg ds
tq+Ye dk vHkh rd cnyk ugha fy;k x;k gS vkSj bUlkuh lekt ij
tks t+qYe gqvk vkSj mlls uqd+lku gqvk mldh HkjikbZ Hkh ugha gks
ldh gSA
vkSj tks eq[+krkj us fd;k og rks flQ+Z beke ds cnu ds [+kwu dk
cnyk ,d usd bUlku ds ,srckj ls Fkk uk fd [+kqnk ds [+kyhQ+k
vkSj beke ds [+kwu dk cnykA blhfy, rks tc mejs lkn vkSj
mlds csVs dk lj eq[+krkj ds lkeus Mkyk x;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd
**og gqlSu dk cnyk vkSj ;g vyh vdcj dk cnyk** fQj dgk
**gjfxt+ ugha dHkh Hkh cjkcjh ugha gks ldrh] [+kqnk dh d+le vxj
eSa d+qjS”k ds ,d frgkbZ fgLls dks Hkh d+Ry dj nw¡ rc Hkh cjkcjh
ugha gks ldrh fQj Hkh eqlhcrs vkt+e dk cnyk ugha fy;k x;k gS
D;¡wfd bl eqlhcr ds vlj o urhts bUlkuh lekt esa vkt Hkh
ik;s tk jgs gSa vkSj gj lky c<+us ij gSa D;wafd iwjh nqfu;k dks [+kqnk
dh rjQ+ ls bUlkuksa dh fgnk;r djus okys eklwe bekeksa dks
fgnk;r djus ls eg:e dj fn;k Fkk vkSj dj j[kk gSA
cnyk yssus okyh :g dk iSnk gksuk
**oy foRjy ekSrwj** ls irk pyrk gS fd vk”kwjs dk ektjk fdlh
,d vkneh ;k rkjh[+k dk ugha Fkk tks [+kRe gks x;k gks cfYd
lPpk vt+knkj
(134)
mldk lacU/k lkjs bUlkuksa vkSj gj iy ls gS vkSj bekes gqlSu dk
cnyk flQ+Z muds d+kfryksa dks ekjdj ugha fy;k gS D;awfd ckr
vkids ftLe ds [+kwu dh ugha gS cfYd ckr [+kqnk ds [+kwu dh gS fd
tks gj bUlku dh ft+Unxh dk jkt+ gSA ;gk¡ ij flQ+Z bekes gqlSu
tks ,d usd bUlku Fks mudh gh ckr ugha cfYd og gqlSu tks
t+ehu ij [+kqnk ds [+kyhQk uqekbUnk] vkSj mldh ckrksa dks t+kfgj
djus okys vkSj ,d ,Slh lPph “kf[+l;r ftudk lacU/k t+ehu ds
gj vkneh ls gks bekes gqlSu vkSj lkjs ,gyscSr [+kqnk dh ,Slh :g
gSa ftudk vlj gj balku esa ik;k tkrk gS ftl rjg igys Hkh
fy[kk tk pqdk gS fd lkjs balkuksa esa beke gqlSu vkSj lHkh ,gyscSr
ds uwj dh >yd ik;h tkrh gSA tSlk fd fet+kZ bLekbZy nwykch
¼jg0½ dgrs gSa fd gj t+ehu djcyk gS vkSj gj fnu jkst+s vk”kwjk gS
ysfdu ;s ugha dgk fd rqe lc beke gqlSu gksA vius Åij /;ku
nks vkSj vius vUnj beke gqlSu <wa<ks blh otg ls ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk
esa ge [+kqnk ls pkgrs gSa fd gekjs vius [+kwu ds cnys dks bekes
vkf[+kj ds lkFk j[kuk vkSj bl rjg i<+rs gSa eSa [+kqnk ls nqvk djrk
gw¡ ftlus vkidks ;g “kku nh vkSj eq>s vki gh ds t+fj;s ;s bT+t+r
nh fd eSa vius [+kwu dk cnyk ml beke ds lkFk ywa tks fgnk;r
djus okys t+kfgj] lp dgus okys vkSj vki esa ls gSA blfy, beke
gqlSu ds [+kwu dk cnyk flQ+Z f”kez vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa dks d+Ry dj
nsus ls ugha feyrk tc rd fd iwjh nqu;k ls tq+Ye dh tM+ksa dks
m[kkM+dj u Qsadk tk;s vkSj t+ekus ds “kSrkuksa vkSj ;t+hnksa dks u
feVk;k tk;s vkSj tks ;s dgk tkrk gS fd gj fnu jkst+s vk”kwjk gS
lPpk vt+knkj
(135)
vkSj gj t+ehu t+ehus djcyk bldk eryc gS fd bekes gqlSu gj
oD+r gekjs lkFk gSa vxj ge vius vUnj lq/kkj yk,¡ vkSj beke
gqlSu vkSj gqlSfu;r tSls dke djsa rks ge beke gqlSu ls feys gq,
gksaxs vkSj bekes gqlSu dh vt+knkjh dh tks rkdhn gS mldk eryc
;g gS fd beke gqlSu dk t+kfgj gksuk gj oD+r eqefdu gS ;kfu tks
yksx beke gqlSu dh rjg dke djas] vkSj ;g lc ml oD+r rd
eqefdu gh ugha tcrd fd gqlSuh ckrsa vkSj :g mleas u ik;h
tk,saA bekes gqlSu dk cnyk ;kfu bUlkuh lekt es [+kqnk ds [+kwu
dks iyVkuk] ;kuh nqfu;k dh gqdwer [+kqnk ds [+kyhQ+k ds gkFk es
gksukA blhfy, ;g cnyk flQ+Z bekes t+ekuk ds lkFk mUgh ds gkFkksa
fy;k tk ldrk gSA gekjh ft+Eesnkjh ;g gS fd t+gwj dh rS ;kjh
djsa vkSj bekes t+ekuk ds lkFk feydj cnyk ysus dh rS ;kjh djsaA
blds fy;s t+gwj ds jkLrs esa :dkoVksa dks gVkuk t+:jh gSA vkSj ;g
ft+Eesnkjh tc gh vnk gks ldrh gS fd tc gekjs vUnj cnyk ysus
dk tT+ck vkSj :g ekStwn gksxhA
rhljh Qly esa geus ,d t+:jh vkSj fgyk nsus okyh gnhl fy[kh
Fkh ftlesa jlwys [+kqnk us ekSyk vyh ls Q+jek;k **,s vyh eSa vkSj rqe
bl mEer ds cki gSa vkSj vkSykn ij ek¡ cki dk ;g gd+ gS fd
t+:jr ds oD+r ek¡ cki ds lkFk ujeh ls lqywd djsa rkfd mudk
gd+ vnk gks tk;s bl gnhl ds ,rckj ls eklwehu dk gels ,Slk
gh ukrk gS tSlk fd vkSykn dk lxs ek¡ cki ls gksrk gS ;kuh ;s
nksuks rjQ+ dk lEcU/k gS vkSj nksuks gh dh vyx vyx dqN
ft+EEksnkfj;ka gSaA mUgh esa ls ,d ft+Eesnkjh ;g gS fd ,d nwljs ls
lPpk vt+knkj
(136)
ekSgCcr ls cjrko djsa vkSj blesa dksbZ “kd ugha fd eklwehu viuh
[+kqnkbZ ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vnk djus ds lkFk gels ekSgCcr djrs vkSj
jgeks dje djrs gSaA
iSx+Ecjs vdje ds Q+jeku ds eqrkfcd+ gekjs fy, Hkh **tks fd mudh
vkSykn gSa** og oD+r vkus okyk gS fd ftlesa ge ,gyscSr ds okftc
gqd+wd+ vnk djus ds fy, muds lkeus lj >qdk dj esgjckuh vkSj
ekSgCcr ls cjrkvks djsa D;ksafd ogh gekjs vlyh ek¡ cki vkSj lcls
d+jhch fj”rsnkj gSa ;kuh vc gesa ns[kuk gS fd mUgsa ml oD+r fdl
rjg dh f[+kner dh t+:jr gS ;k muds fy, gekjs dkSu ls dke
gksus pkfg;saA
rhljh Q+ly esa ge bl urhts rd igqaps Fks fd eqlhcrs vt+he cM+h
eqlhcr ds ckjs esa gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;ka ;g gSa fd eklwehu ij tks
t+qYe <k;s x;s gSa muij vt+knkjh djsaA
bl Q+ly esa ge bl urhts rd igqaps gSa fd eqlhcrs vkt+e lcls
cM+h eqlhcr ds eqd+kcys esa gekjh vlyh ft+Eesnkjh cnyk ysuk gS
;kuh mu yksxksa ls cnyk ftUgksaus nqu;k dks muds gd+hd+h cki vkSj
eklwe gknh o beke ls eg:e dj fn;k gSA
bl txg ij gekjh nqvk ;g gS fd dgas **[+kqnk gesa vkSj vkidks
vius oyh esgnh; vkf[+kj ¼v0½ ds lkFk beke gqlSu dk cnyk ysus
okyksa esa d+jkj nsA
fygkt+k eqlhcrs vkt+e **lcls cM+h eqlhcr** ds fy;s ,d f”k;k dh
vlyh ft+Eesnkjh vkSj rjhd+k ;g gS fd og cnyk ysus ds fy;s
gd+hd+h cnyk ysus okys ds lkFk jgs pkgs mldks <wa<uk iM+sA
lPpk vt+knkj
(137)
vc ge dgrs gSa fd vxj ge bl ft+Eesnkjh dks u fuHkk,sa tks
eqlhcrs vt+he **cM+h eqlhcr** ds eqd+kcys esa dgha T+;knk gS rks geus
muls csgn cs oQ+kbZ dh vkSj dBksj fnyh dk lqcwr fn;kA u rks
geus iSx+Ecj ds crk;s gq, rjhd+s ij viuh ft+Eesnkjh fuHkkbZ ;kuh
vius vlyh ek¡ cki ds lkFk ujeh ls cjrkvks ugha fd;k vkSj uk
gh ml ekSgCcr dh ft+Eesnkjh ds gqDe dks iwjk fd;k ftlds fy;s
[+kqnk us gesa d+qjku esa gqDe fn;k gSA
rks ge bekes t+ekuk ls ;g ugha dg ldrs fd ge vkids nknk dh
eqlhcrs vt+he **cM+h eqlhcr** esa rks vkids lkFk vt+knkjh djsaxs
ysfdu eqlhcrs vkt+e **lcls cM+h eqlhcr** dk cnyk ysus ds fy;s
vkSj [+kqnk ds [+kwu dks bUlkuksa dh jxksa esa okil ykus ds fy;s vki
dk lkFk ugha ns ldrs tcfd bl ekSd+s ij beke cnyk ysus esa
viuk lkFk pkgrs gSa flQZ jksuk ekre djuk ughaA
pkSFks ejgys ij igqapus ds ckn vt+knkj dks ubZ ubZ tkudkjh vkSj
igpku dk irk pyrk gS vkSj mlds vUnj mu yksxksa ls cnyk ysus
dh Hkkouk iSnk gks tkrh gS ftUgksaus eklwehu dks muds ml in ls
eg:e dj fn;k tks [+kqnk us fn;k Fkk blh rjg muls Hkh cnys dh
Hkkouk rst+ gks tkrh gS ftUgksaus bekerks fgnk;r ds in dks gM+ius
okyksa dh enn djds nqu;k ds yksxksa ij t++++ qYe fd;kA
bl ejgys esa vt+knkj jksus :ykus dks tksfd ,d cM+h ft+Eesnkjh gS
mls og dkQ+h ugha le>rk og ml ekSgCcr dh otg ls tks mls
muls feyh gS bekes gqlSu ds fxjksg tksfd [+kqnk dk fxjksg gS mlesa
“kkfey gks tkrk gS bl txg eksfeu dq+jkus ethn ds bl gqDe dks
lPpk vt+knkj
(138)
iwjk djrk gS fd , eksfeuksa ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr djks ;k nwljs y¶+t+ksa
esa ;w¡ dgk tk;s fd og ekSgCcr ls eonnr rd igqap tkrk gS
d;wafd eonnr ml ikdht+k ekSgCcr dks dgrs gSa fd tks ml ds
vey ¼dkeksa½ ls t+kfgj gksA og jlwys [+kqnk dh gnhl ds ,rckj ls
vius dks ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen dh vkSykn esa le>rk gSA fygkt+k
vius dks muds ?kjkus dk ,d] vkSj muds [+kwu dk okfjl le>rk gS
;kuh mldh ut+j esa pkSng eklwehu ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysuk ml ij
okftc gSA
bl ejgys esa vt+knkj gd+hd+h bZeku dks ik ysrk gS vkSj ekSgEenks
vkys ekSgEen ds fy;s lksp vkSj ekSgCcr dk ogh rjhd+k gks tkrk gS
fd tSlk jlwys [+kqnk dk gqDe gSA **dksbZ Hkh [+kqnk ij ml oD+r rd
bZeku ugha yk ldrk tc rd fd eSa mlds fy;s [+kqn mlls T+;knk
ilUnhnk u gks tkš vkSj esjs ,gyscSr dks vius ?kj okyksa ls T+;knk
vkSj esjh t+kr dks viuh t+kr ls T+;knk nksLr u j[ksA**
blhfy, vxj dksbZ t+kfye fdlh vt+knkj ds :gkuh ;k ftLekuh
ek¡&cki ;k fdlh Hkh fj”rsnkj ij tqYe djs rks og flQ+Z jksus ihVus
dks dkQ+h ugha le>sxk cfYd tc rd og mldk cnyk u ys ys
mls lqdwu ugha feyrkA blh rjg og ekSgEEknks vkys ekSgEen [k+kl
rkSj ls bekes gqlSu vkSj vkids ,gyscSr vkSj lkfFk;ksa ij gksus okys
t+qYe vkSj elkbZc dh otg ls HkM+drk jgrk gS vkSj tc rd og
mldk cnyk u ys ysxk ml oD+r rd nq[kh vkSj jksrk ihVrk
jgsxkA ;g cnys dh vkx vkSj Hkkouk flQ+Z blhfy, ugha fd ml
vt+knkj dk ,gyscSr ls ,d lacU/k vkSj [k+kl ukrk gS cfYd [+kqnk
lPpk vt+knkj
(139)
dh rjQ+ ls Hkh ,d ft+Eesnkjh gS ftldk gqDe ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk
cfYd lkjh ft+;kjrksa esa gekjs fy;s feyrk gSA cnys dh :g vkSj
Hkkouk ogh njtk gS fd ftldks ft+;kjrksa esa **ryclkfjy gqlSu** ls
;kn fd;k tkrk gSA
cnyk vkSj cnys dh :g ds ckjs esa vc rd tks dqN dgk x;k
mlls ;g ckr vPNh rjg le> esa vk ldrh gS fd cnys dh :g]
Hkkouk dk iSnk gksuk ;k bldks j[kuk cgqr cM+h vkSj vge ckr gSA
blhfy, vxj fdlh esa ;g Hkkouk ikbZ tkrh gS rks og ,d rjg ls
,gyscSr dk gd+hdh csVk gS vkSj muds [+kwu dk Hkh okfjl gS ftlij
[+kwu dk cnyk ysuk okftc gS rks og ;d+hu dh eaft+y rd igqap
tkrk gS vkSj og gqlSuh Q+kSt dk flikgh vkSj ,gyscSr ds [+kkunku
dk ,d fgLlk cu tkrk gSA ysfdu ;g Hkh bl “krZ ij fd og
flQ+Z cnys dh Hkkouk gh dks dkQ+h u le>s cfYd mldh t+:jr
ds eqrkfcd+ dke djs ;kuh viuh cnys dh Hkkouk dks iwjk djus dh
dksf”k”k djs vkSj cnys ds dkeksa dks iwjk djus ds ejrcs ;kuh
vt+knkjh ds ik¡pos ejrcs esa nkf[+ky gks tk;sA
etkfyls vt+knkjh pkSFks ejrcs essa %&
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkjh mu ikdht+k mlwy dh fgQ+kt+r dk t+j;k
gS ftudh otg ls ,gyscSr us “kgknr dks d+qcwy fd;kA ;g
etfylsa >wB] gjke] rsgjhQ+ vkSj b[+rsykQ+kr ls cgqr nwj gSa cfYd
yksx bu etfylksa esa “kjhd gksdj igys ls dgha T+;knk viuh
ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks igpkuus yxrs gSaA etkfyls vt+k vkSj eklwehu ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(140)
fy;s gj izksxzke pkSFks ejrcs esa tkudkjh vkSj cnys dh Hkkouk iSnk
djus dk t+j;k gSaA muesa beke gqlSu vkSj nqu;k esa mudh vt+er
vkSj vgeh;r dks mtkxj fd;k tkrk gSA vkidk **lk:Yykg** vkSj
bLyke dks ckd+h j[kus dk lgkjk gksuk etfylksa dh cqyUnh ds fy;s
cgqr vge gS tSlk fd ge vkidh ft;kjrs vjcbZu esa i<+rs gSaA
**, [+kqnk mUgksaus vius [+kwus ftxj dks rsjs fy;s d+qckZu dj fn;k
rkfd rsjs cUnksa dks ftgkyr vkSj HkVdus ls cpk,sa** pkSFks ejrcs esa
vt+knkjh ls bekes gqlSu dh jaxr o [+kq”kcw dh pkgr iSnk gksrh gS
ftlij mudh :g dh gqdwer gksrh gSA bu etfylksa ls yksxksa dks
tgka beke gqlSu dh nqu;k esa vgeh;r dk irk pyrk gS ogha og
dke Hkh djrh gSa tks beke us djcyk esa fd;k FkkA ;kuh vkids
vkns”kksa vkSj gnhlksa dks yksxksa rd igqapkrh gaS vkSj vkids vkSj yksxksa
ds chp ,d lEcU/k iSnk djrh gSa ;kuh tSls beke gqlSu yksxksa dks
ftgkyrks xqejkgh ls cpkus ds fy;s “kghn gks x;s blh rjg ;g Hkh
yksxksa dks ftgkyrks xqejkgh ls cpkrh gaSA eklwehu] [+kkl rkSj ls
bekes gqlSu dh etfylsa djus dh blhfy, rkdhn dh xbZ gSA
pkSFks ejrcs esa csgrjhu etfylksa dh dlkSVh T+;knk jksuk] T+;knk
vt+knkj] [kkuk ¼rcZ:d½ cM+h cM+h vatqeusa] cM+s bekeckM+s] e”kgwj
t+kfdj ;k ejfl;s[+kku ox+Sjk ugha gS cfYd dke;kc vkSj csgrjhu
etfyl dh dlkSVh ;g gS fd vt+knkj dks ml etfyl ls fdruh
tkudkjh vkSj fdruk nhuh Q+k;nk igqapkA pkSFks ejrcs esa lPps
vt+knkj dh ut+j esa vlyh vkSj csgrjhu etfyl og gS fd tks
lPpk vt+knkj
(141)
vt+knkjksa eas beke gqlSu dh :g Mky ns vkSj muesa beke dh rjg
[+kqnk dh iSjoh dh Hkkouk iSnk gks tk;sA
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj dks beke gqlSu dh tax dk ed+ln tks [+kqn
vkius c;ku fd;k Fkk mldh tkudkjh Hkh gksrh gS vkSj mldks
nwljksa rd igqapkus ds fy;s Hkh og rS;kj gks tkrk gS vkSj bl ejrcs
esa vt+knkj ds fy;s jksuk flQ+Z ,d ekSgCcrks ,glkl okyk dke ugha
cfYd mls vPNh rjg ;g tkudkjh gksrh gS fd ,gyscSr us jksus ds
fy;s tks gqDe fn;k gS mldk ed+ln jksus vkSj :ykus vkSj viuh
Hkkoukvksa dks iwjk djus ls dgha T+;knk vge gSA
bl ejrcs esa jksuk gh ed+ln ugha gS cfYd vkt dh uLy ds fy;s
vk”kwjk ds iSx+ke dks ft+Unk j[kus dk ,d t+j;k gSA jksuk vkSj viuh
Hkkoukvksa dks t+kfgj djuk ,d vge cfYd lcls vge olhyk gSA
bl ejrcs esa [+krhc vkSj t+kfdj lc gh ekSgCcrks ,glkl vkSj jksus
:ykus dks vgfe;r nsrs gSa ysfdu ,d ed+ln ls gh ugha cfYd
yksxksa dh lksp le> dks Å¡pk vkSj vPNk cukus ds fy;s ,d cgqr
vPNk t+j;k gSA
yksxksa dh tkudkjh dks c<+kok nsus vkSj ,gyscSr ls ukrk tksM+us dk
lcls vPNk t+j;k jksuk :ykuk gSA yksxksa dh tkudkjh ds c<+kos
vkSj eklwehu ls lEcU/k cukus ls vt+knkjksa esa mudh iSjoh vkSj
dguk ekuus dh ft+Eesnkjh iSnk gks tkrh gSA
bl ejrcs esa jksus :ykus ls vt+knkj esa gqlSfu;r vkSj nhus [+kqnk ds
fy;s feVus dh :g iSnk gks tkrh gSA vkSj og gj oD+r ;gh reUuk
djrk gS fd dk”k og Hkh djcyk esa gksrk rks ogh dke djrk tks
lPpk vt+knkj
(142)
djcyk okyksa us fd;kA bl ejrcs esa mldh nqvk vkSj rjhd+k ;g
gksrk gS **dk”k eSa vkids lkFk gksrk rks eSa Hkh vt+he njts ij igq¡p
tkrkA**
“kghn eqrggjh Q+jekrs gSa tks fd [+kqn Hkh cgqr T+;knk jksrs
vkSj iDds vt+knkj Fks **”kghn ij jksuk ,slk gh gS tSls mlds lkFk
tax esa “kjhd gksa** bl njts ds vt+knkj dk jksuk] tukcs Q+krsek dh
iSjoh esa ,d rjg ls lekth vkSj cked+ln gksrk gSA muds jksus ls
f[k+ykQ+r dks gM+ius okyksa vkSj ekSyk vyh ds nq”euksa dks cgqr
rdyhQ+ gksrh gS vkSj Mj iSnk gksrk gS tSls gh mudks [k+rjk eglwl
gqvk rks og ekSyk vyh ds ikl igq¡ps vkSj dgk fd tukcs Q+krsek ds
jksus dks eqv¸;u dj nsaA tc vkius mudh ckr tukcs Q+krsek dks
crkb rks mlij chch us Q+jek;k ** , vcqy glu! muds chp eSa
T+;knk fnu ugha jgw¡xh eSa rks cgqr tYnh ;gk¡ ls :[k+lr gks
tkÅaxhA [+kqnk dh d+le eSa jkrks fnu [+kkeks”k ugha cSBwaxh tc rd
fd vius ckck ls u fey tkšA**
[+kqeSuh lkgc us bjkuh yksxksa dh vt+knkjh ds fy;s dgk Fkk
fd **;g leL;k jksus ;k :ykus rd lhfer ugha cfYd leL;k rks
fl;klh gS fd eklwehu tks [+kqnk dh ut+j j[krs Fks mudk ed+ln
;g Fkk fd bu d+kSeksa dks rS;kj djds ,d dj nsa vkSj vyx&vyx
jkLrkas ls bUgsa ,d txg tek dj nsa rkfd dksbZ mUgsa uqd+lku u
igqapk ldsA
fdlh “kghn ij jksuk mldh tax dks ft+Unk j[kuk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(143)
gj et+gc ds fy, mldk izpkj t+:jh gksrk gS rks ,M+h
pksVh dk t++ksj yxk nsuk pkfg;s vkSj tks bl rjg ls esgur djrk
gS ogh et+gc ckd+h jgrk gSA ;g ,d ,Slk rjhd+k gS fd ftlls
bLyke ges”kk ft+Unk jgsxk vkSj ,Slk Qwwy gS ftls ikuh fn;k tkrk
jgk gSA bl jksus :ykus dks ckd+h j[kuk gh gqlSuh fe”ku dks ckd+h
j[kuk gSA**
pkSFks njts esa vt+knkjh ;k T+;knk jksuk mldh vgfe;r vkSj
ges”kxh ekSgCcrks ,glkl ls T+;knk eklwe dh ekjQ+r ¼tkudkjh½
vkSj mudh vt+erks vgfe;r ls lEcfU/kr gksrh gS nwljh rjg ;w¡
dgk tk;s fd vt+knkj dks beke gqlSu o eklwehu dh ftruh T+;knk
tkudkjh gksxh bruk gh mlds jksus vkSj nq%[kh gksus eas c<+ksRrjh gksrh
pyh tk;xhA tSlk fd ekSyk vyh tks jlwys [+kqnk dks lcls csgrj
igpkurs Fks vkSj vkidh vt+erksa vgfe;r dks Hkh [+kwc tkurs FksA
og vkidh oQ+kr ds ckn vki gh ls bl rjg Q+jekrs gSa fd **lcz
djuk vPNh ckr gS exj vkids vykok] fdlh ij jksuk rM+iuk
vPNk ugha exj vkids flok] vkidh tqnkbZ dh eqlhcr cM+h l[+r
vkSj vkils igys vkSj vkids ckn vkus okyh eqlhcrsa cgqr NksVh
gSaA**
;g jksuk cgqr Å¡ph eafty ij igqapkrk] vkilh >xM+ksa dks
de djrk vkSj vPNkb;ksa dks iSnk djrk gSA jksus ls vt+knkj dh
Hkkouk,sa] ekSgCcr vkSj mldh d+nj] mlds iSnk gksus ds ed+ln]
mlds yk;d+ vPNkb;ksa esa gSjr dh gn rd c<+ksRrjh gks tkrh gSA
,d vt+knkj dks ftruh T+;knk ,gyscSr ds Qt+kby muds bYe]
lPpk vt+knkj
(144)
uwjkfu;r] :gkfu;r] eksftt+s] lekt lsok vkSj muds lkjs Qt+kby
dh tkudkjh gksxh bruk gh mlds fny esa mudh ekSgCcr xgjh
gksrh pyh tk;sxh vkSj mudh eqlhcrksa dks ;kn djds mlds jksus esa
vkSj nnZ iSnk gks tk;sxkA blhfy, bl njts esa jksuk] ,gyscSr ds
nq”euksa ls ftgkn djus vkSj muls cnyk ysus dh :g Qwadus dk
,d vPNk t+fj;k gSA
oSls Hkh bl njts esa vt+knkj dk jksuk ml ¼lSd+y½ /kkj rst+
gksus ds ekfuUn gS tks gj iy mldh :g dks ikd lkQ+ cukrk gS
vkSj mls [+kqnk o jlwy dk gqDe ekuus dks rS;kj djrk gSA bl
rS;kjh ds vlj ls vt+knkj esa nhu ds gqDe dk ikyu djus dh
rkd+r vkSj [+k+qnk dh iSjoh djus dh :g et+cwr gksrh gSA blh fy;
og usd vkSj vPNh ckrs vklkuh ls d+cwy dj ysrk gSA vkSj mldh
pky ml rjQ+ dks rst+ gks tkrh gS ftl ed+ln ds fy, og iSnk
gqvk FkkA blfy, fd nhu ds gqDe ds fy, bUlku dh pky vkSj
ekuus dh rkd+r ftruh de gksrh pyh tk;sxh bUlkfu;r ds jkLrs
ij mldh rst+h bruh gh c<+rh pyh tk;sxhA
jksuk pwafd fny ls gksrk gS vkSj fny ds vUnj ls mldk
lEcU/k gksrk gS blhfy, og fny ds lkjs dkeksa ij vlj djrk gS
pkgs vPNk vlj gks ;k cqjk vlj ;kuh jksus dk fny esa nks rjg ls
vlj gksrk gSA bldk vPNk vlj Hkh gS vkSj fny esa gh bldk
nwljk vlj Hkh gks tkrk gSA jksus dk lEcU/k rd+ok ls Hkh gksrk gS
tks fny gh esa gksrk gS blh rjg xqukg vkSj x+yr ckrksa ls Hkh
mldk ukrk gksrk gSA jksus dk vlj fQ+rjr ij Hkh gksrk gS vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(145)
rfc;r ;kuh ekgkSy ij Hkh ysfdu gd+hd+h vt+knkj dk jksuk mldh
fQ+rjr dks et+cwr cukrk gS vkSj mldh et+hZ o pkgr dh ckrksa dks
det+ksj cukrk gS blh rjg mldh rkd+r o fgEer dks c<+krk gS
vkSj Mj [k+kSQ dks de djrk gSA mldh l[k+korksa dje dks T+;knk
vkSj dUtwlh dks de djrk gSA jksus ls ,gysCkSr dh eonnrks
ekSgCcr T+;knk gksrh gS vkSj muds ckjs esa ft+Eesnkjh dk ,glkl iSnk
djds mls vkSj et+cwr djrk gSA m/kj muds nq”euksa ls uQ+jr dh
Hkkouk dks T+;knk djrk gS vkSj bUlku dks muds pky pyu vkSj
rjhd+ksa ls nwj j[krk gSA th gk¡ ,gyscSr ds gd+ dh tkudkjh j[krs
gq, jksuk bT+tr fnykus vkSj nwljks dks tykus okyk gSA
bekes gqlSu dh ut+j esa etfylksa dk et+ewu etfylksa esa i<+h tkus okyh pht+ksa ¼ckrksa½ ds rjhd+ksa vkSj jkLrksa dks
r; djus ds fy;s [+kqn beke gqlSu lcls csgrj r; djus okys gSaA
vki viuh uwjkuh ckrksa esa bl rjg gqDe nsrs gSa fd tks Hkh gekjs
ikl vk;sxk gekjh etfylksa esa “kjhd gksxkA mls pkj esa ls de ls
de ,d pht+ t:j feysxhA **vd+hnksa ds mlwy vkSj bLykeh
tkudkjh] v[k+ykd+ dh ckras Q+k;nseUn HkkbZ pkjxh vkSj vkfyeks ds
lkFk mB cSBA
bl fcuk ij etfyls vt+k yksxks ds fy, nhu dks igpkuus
v[k+ykds+ nhu ds lkjs gqDe tkuus dh csgrjhu txg gSA ;kfu ogh
rhu bYe fd jlwys [+kqnk us ftudk tkuuk gj eqlyeku ij okftc
fd;k gS vkius gj eqLkyeku ij bYe dks gkfly djuk okftc
lPpk vt+knkj
(146)
crk;k gS vkSj bl rjg gqDe fn;k ** bYe gkfly djuk gj
eqlyeku ij okftc gSA**
t+kfgj gS fd ftl bYe dk gkfly djuk gj eqlyeku ij
okftc gS ;kfu ,d rjg ls okftcs ,Suh gks rks og jkst+kuk ds bYe
esa ugha gks ldrkA cfYd og ,d ,Slk bYe gS fd tks balku dks
lq/kkjus] mlds iSnk gksus ds ed+ln vkSj mldh nqu;k ok vk[k+jr
dh HkykbZ ls lEcU/k j[krk gks tSlk fd vkius nwljs ekSd+s ij ml
bYe ds fy, bl rjg Q+jek;k fd ftldk gkfly djuk lcij
okftc gS **gd+hd+h bYe flQ+Z rhu gaS vd+hns dh tkudkjh] v[k+ykd+
vkSj vgdke] gqDe dh tkudkjh** buds vykok ckd+h lc budh
ot+kgr gaSA
blls ;g urhtk fudyrk gS fd bekes gqlSu ml etfyl
ls [+kq”k gksrs gSa ftlesa vt+knkj nhuh tkudkjh ds lkFk “kjhd gkas
vkSj ,d lPpk eksfeu o iDdk vt+knkj ,d vPNk balku vkSj f”k;k
gksus ds ukrs viuh ft+Eesnkjh dks Hkh tkurk gksA
etfyls vt+k djus okyk tc rd [+kqn gh pkSFks ejgys rd
u igqapk gks rks og mldk izksxzke cukrs oD+r etfyl dk T+;knk
vkSj vPNk oD+r ukSgk i<+us vkSj ekre djus okyksa ds fy;s e[k+lwl
dj nsrk gS vkSj etfyl ;k etfyl i<+us okys dks T+;knk
vgeh;r ugha nsrk ;k fQj cgqr de vgeh;r nsrk gSA T+;knkrj
vxj fdlh t+kfdj dks cqyk;k Hkh tkrk gS rks mlls bekes gqlSu dh
etfyl ds eqrkfcd+ vPNh vPNh ckrksa dks lqUus ds cnys ;s pkgrs
vkSj dgrs gSa fd og vt+knkjksa dks T+;knk ls T+;knk :yk;saA
lPpk vt+knkj
(147)
blhfy, bl rjg ds etfyl djus okys i<s+ fy[ks vkfye o
t+kfdj dks cqykus esa fnypLih ugha j[krs cfYd T+;knkrj og mu
yksxksa dks cqykrs gSa fd tks etfyl esa T+;knk ls T+;knk gw gk epk;sa
vkSj yksxksa dh et+hZ ds eqrkfcd+ etfyl i<+saA
m/kj og vt+knkj tksfd vt+knkjh ds rhljs ntsZ esa jg tkrs
gSa vkSj og pkSFks ntsZ rd ugha igqap ikrs og etfyl lquus] viuh
nhuh ft+Unxh ds mlwy vkSj viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks igpkuus ls dksbZ
yxkvks ugha j[krsA og yksx T+;knkrj etfyl ds oD+r b/kj m/kj
;k pk; ihus vkSj xIis yxkus esa xqt+kj nsrs gSa vkSj vxj etcwjh esa
vkdj cSB Hkh x, rks cM+h csfnyh ls etfyl lqurs gSa vkSj dksf”k”k
djrs gSa fd tYnh ls tYnh ekreks ukSgk “kq: gks tk;s vkSj dHkh
dHkh t+kfdj dks viuh cspSuh t+kfgj Hkh dj nsrs gSaA
nhu o vk[k+jr dks ftgkyr ls [k+rjk
tSlk fd geus crk;k fd iSX+kEcj us gj eqlyeku ij nhu dh
tkudkjh dks okftc fd;k vkSj bldh cgqr T+;knk rkdhn dh blds
vykok tks yksx bldks ugha ekusaxs muds fy;s lt+k bl rjg crkbZ
gS fd cs”kd [+kqnk mldk nq”eu gS fd tks nqfu;koh tkudkjh rks
j[krk gks ysfdu vk[k+jr ls vUtku gksA vkidh ut+j esa gj og
vkneh tks balkuks ds ges”kk jgus dh txg ¼vk[k+jr½ gS mls u tkus
pkgs nqfu;k dk fdruk gh cM+k tkudkj vkSj i<+k fy[kk D;w¡ u gks
fQj Hkh mlls [+kqnk ukjkt+ gS blfy, fd tks Hkh vk[k+jr vkSj vius
ges”kk jgus dh txg ds ckjs esa dqN tkurk gh u gks og mlds
fy, vius dks dHkh Hkh rS;kj ugha djsxkA t+kfgj gS fd vk[k+jr dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(148)
rS;kjh nqu;koh bYe gkfly djds ugha gks ldrh cfYd og rks
flQ+Z nhuh bYe vkSj mudks eku dj gh dh tk ldrh gSA blhfy,
eklwehu us mu f”k;ksa dks l[+rh ls QVdkjk fd tks nhuh rkyhe
gkfly ugha djrs ;kuh nhu dh t+:jh tkudkjh ugha j[krsA bl
ckjs esa jlwys [+kqnk Q+jekrs gSa &**vkfye ;k bYe gkfly djus okyksa
ds vykok esjk dksbZ ugha gSA** bekes lkfn+d+ Hkh bl ckjs esa bl rjg
Q+jekrs gSa fd &**eq>s vPNk ugha yxrk fd rqe tokuksa esa ls dksbZ
bu nks dkeksa ds flok fdlh nwljs dke esa el:Q+ gks ,d vkfye
nwljs rkfycs bYeA vc vxj og ,Slk ugha djrs rks x+yrh djrs gSa
vkSj vxj ,Slh x+yrh dh rks og cjckn gks x;s vkSj vxj og
cjckn gq, rks mUgksaus xqukg fd;k vkSj tc xqukg fd;k rks mldh
d+le fd ftlus ekSgEen eqLrQ+k dks uch cukdj Hkstk gS fd og
xqukgxkj tgUue esa jgsxkA**
gk¡ gk¡ nhu vkSj mlds gqDe ls vutku gksuk bldh otg cusxk fd
bUlku dks tgUue esa Mky fn;k tk;s blh otg ls vkius nwljh
fdlh txg ij bl rjg Q+jek;k fd vxj esjs ikl dksbZ ,Slk
f”k;k toku yk;k tk;s tks nhu dk bYe gkfly ugha djrk rks eSa
mldks rachg d:axk ¼;kuh MkVwaxk½ blh rjg vki ;g Hkh pkgrs gaS
fd vkids f”k;k gykyks gjke dks igpkusa rkfd og xqukg vkSj
mlds vt+kc ls cps jgas fygkt+k og Q+jekrs gSa **dk”k esjs lgkfc;kas
ds ljkas ij dksM+s ekjs tkrs tc rd fd og gykyks gjke dks u
le> ysrs gyky vkSj gjke dks le>s cx+Sj nhunkj gksuk eqefdu
ugha gS vkSj nhunkj gq, cx+Sj nqu;k o vk[k+jr dh usd;k¡ gkfly
lPpk vt+knkj
(149)
ugha gks ldrha blhfy, gyky o gjke dks igpkuus ds fy,
dksf”k”k djuh pkfg;s rkfd nqu;k o vk[k+jr ds vt+kcks ijs”kkuh ls
cp ldsa pkgs blds fy, dksf”k”k djus esa dksM+s [kkus ds cjkcj gh
rdyhQ+ D;w¡ u mBkuh iM+s ges ns[kuk pkfg;s fd bekes lTtkn us
fdl rjg ls vius f”k;ksa dks nhu dh ckrks ds fy, lf[+r;k¡ vkSj
ijs”kkuh cjnk”r djus ds fy, rjhd+k crk;k gS fd **vxj yksxksa dks
irk py tk; fd bYes nhu gkfly djus dh vgfEk;r D;k gS rks
og mls t+:j gkfly djsaxs pkgs mUgsa mlds fy, vius fny dk
[+kwu cgkuk iM+s ;k Hkaoj ls xqt+juk iM+s** vkSj cgqr T+;knk dh
rkdhn ds fy, bekes ewlk dkft+e dh gnhl ns[kas fd og fdl
rjg nhu dh FkksM+h tkudkjh ;k nhu dks u tkuus dks fdruk
[k+rjukd tkurs gSa **vki Q+jekrs gSa fd nhu ds ckjs es tks vPNh
[k+klh tkudkjh ugh j[krk gS rks [+kqnk mlds fdlh Hkh dke ls [+kq”k
ugh gksxk ekSyk vyh nhu dh T+;knk tkudkjh u j[kus okys ds
fy, Q+jekrs gaS fd , yksxkas ftl nhu esa [+k+wc o vPNh [k+klh
tkudkjh u gks rks ml ls Q+k;nk o HkykbZ ugh gS **blfy, ftl
nhu ds ckjs eas gesa vPNh rjg tkudkjh u gks rks og bUlku ds
fy, nqfu;k o vk[k+jr dh dke;kch dh otg ugh gks ldrk
eqlyekuks dh T+;knkrj eq”kfdykas fd otg nhu dh de ls de
tkudkjh vkSj ml ij u pyus ls gh gS nhu dh FkksM+h tkudkjh ;k
mlls Hkh vutku gksuk bUlku dks rjD+d+h ugha fnyk ldrk pkgs
og fdruh gh bcknr D;w¡ u djrk gks blhfy;s gt+jr vyh us bl
ckjs esa Q+jek;k gS tks fd d+;ker esa gekjs dkeksa ds fglkc ls
lPpk vt+knkj
(150)
tUurks tgUue ckVsaxs cfYd nhu dh tkudkjh u j[kus okyk
bcknr xqt+kj ,Slk gh gS fd tSls dksYgw dk cSy tksfd pDdj rks
dkVrk jgrk gS exj ml ?ksjs ls ckgj ugha fudy ikrkA
bLyke esa cqu;knh rkSj ij gj balku dh vgfe;r mldh
nhuh tkudkjh ds t+fj;s gh r; gksrh gS tSlk fd jlwys [+kqnk us
Q+jek;k **yksxksa esa lcls T+;knk vgfe;r mls gS tks lcls T+;knk
vkfye gks vkSj lcls de gSfl;r mldh gS ftldh nhuh tkudkjh
cgqr de gksA**
nhu dks lgh <ax ls le>s vkSj mldh tkudkjh ds cxS+j
flQ+Z f”k;k gksus dk nkok djuk dkQ+h ;k Q+k;nsean ugha gS cfYd
[+kqn mlds vkSj [+kqn nhu ds fy;s cgqr T+;knk [k+rjukd Hkh gSA
,gyscSr ds vdsys gkssus vkSj ?kj esa cSBus ij tkfgy f”k;ksa dk joS ;k
,gyscSr ij tks Hkh t+qYe gqvk mldh otg flQ+Z muds tkfgy vkSj
uk le> f”k;ksa dh deh dh otg ls gqvkA gt+jr vyh jlwys [+kqnk
dh oQ+kr ds ckn viuk gd+ ysus ds fy;s ¼ftls gM+Ik fy;k x;k
Fkk ;kuh beker½ tukcs Q+kRksek dks viuh lokjh ij lokj djds
beke glu o gqlSu ds lkFk vUlkj ds ?kjksa ij tkrs Fks vkSj muls
xokgh dk lgkjk pkgrs FksA ysfdu og yksx csrqds cgkus vkSj nyhysa
is”k dj nsrs FksA tukcs Q+krsek Hkh mudks vius “kkSgj dh enn ds
fy;s x+nhj dk okd+svk ;kn fnykrha fd rqe rks buds gkFkksa ij x+nhj
esa cSvr dj pqds gksA vkSj Q+jekrh Fkha fd **D;k esjs ckck us x+nhj
ds fnu fdlh ds fy, dksbZ ghyk cgkuk NksM+k FkkA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(151)
ekfo;k us blh okd+s,s dks [k+r esa fy[kdj gt+jr vyh dks rdyhQ+
iagqpkbZ FkhA mlus bl rjg fy[kk Fkk rqe viuh t+kStk dks viuh
lokjh ij lokj djds gluks gqlSu dk gkFk Fkkesa vUlkj ds ?kjksa ij
tkrs Fks vkSj muls lgkjk pkgrs Fks ysfdu pkj ikap yksxksa ds flok
fdlh us rqEgs lgkjk u fn;kA vxj rqe vius nkos esa lPps Fks rks
yksx rqEgkjk lkFk nsrsA bl rjg t+cku dk t[+e igqapk dj ml ij
ued fNM+dus okyh ckr dgrk gS fd **vxj eSa lc ckrksa dks Hkwy
tkÅa rc Hkh ,d ckr dHkh ugha Hkwy ldrk vkSj og ;g fd rqeus
essjs cki ls dgk Fkk fd vxj pkyhl lPps yksx esjh enn djsa rks
eSa rqe ls tax d:axkA ,d fnu Hkh eqlyeku rqEgkjs lkFk u gq,A
gt+jr vyh mu fnuksa vius vdsysiu vkSj et+ywfe;r dks bl rjg
c;ku djrs gSaA
**, [+kqnk d+++++qjS”k vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ij thr gkfly djus ds fy,
rq>ls enn pkgrk gw¡ fd mUgksaus esjs fj”rsnkjksa dks vyx dj fn;k
vkSj esjs dke ¼fe”ku½ dks eqf”dy dj fn;k esjs gd+ esa fd ftldk
eSa mu lc ls T+;knk gd+nkj gw¡ og lc mlds fy;s eq>ls tax
djus ds fy, ,d gks x;s gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd vxj viuk gd+ ys
ldrs gks rks yks vkSj vxj geus rqels rqEgkjk gd+ Nhu fy;k gS rks
;k rks nq[kh jgdj lgu djks ;k blh nq[k esa nqu;k ls pys tkvksA
fQj eSaus vius pkjks flEr /;ku fn;k rks eSaus mudks dksbZ uqd+lku
u igqapus dh otg ls viuh vk¡[k esa dkaVk] vius gyd+ esa gÏh
dM+ok ?kw¡V ihus ds cjkcj vius x+qLls dks fi;k tks dM+oh ?kkWl ls
Hkh dM+ok vkSj fny rd igq¡p tkus okyh ryokj ds okj ls nnZukd
lPpk vt+knkj
(152)
Fkk vkSj lcz fd;k tc t+kfgjh f[k+ykQ+r vki rd igq¡ph rks og
yksx tks [+kqn vki dks <aw< dj csgn ft+n djds vkidks gkdseh;r
d+++qcwy djus ij etcwj dj jgs Fks ogh t+:jr ds oD+r tc vki
mudks lgkjs ds fy, cqykrs rks og vkidks vdsyk NksM+ nsrs vki us
vyx vyx ekSd+ks ij vius lgkfc;ksa dh csoQ+kbZ] uhpiu vkSj vius
vdsys gksus o et+ywe gksus dh f“kdk;r dh gSA
tkfgy vkSj det+ksj vd+hnk f”k;ksa ls ekSyk vyh dks f”kdk;r
uSgtqy cykx+k esa [k+rksa vkSj ulhgrksa ds vykok chl ls T+;knk ,Sls
Hkh [+kqrcs gSa ftuesa ekSyk us vius lgkfc;kas dks lt+k dk gd+nkj
dgk gS fd og vki dks vdsyk D;aWw NksM+ nsrs gaS vkSj vki dk gqDe
ugh ekurs bl txg dqN NksVs NksVs uewus nsf[k;s &**, bjkd+ ds
yksxks rqe ml gkesyk vkSjr dh rjg gks tks vius gey ds fnu iwjs
djs rks ejk gqvk cPpk fxjk ns vkSj mldk “kkSgj Hkh ej pqdk gks]
jaMkis dh eqnnr Hkh cgqr yEch gks pqdh gks vkSj ¼d+jhch u gksus dh
otg ls½ nwj ds fj”rsnkj gh mlds okfjl gksaA [+kqnk dh d+le eSa
rqEgkjh rjQ+ [+kq”kh ls ugha vk;k cfYd gkykr ls etcwj gksdj vk
x;k eq>s irk pyk gS fd rqe yksx dgrs gks fd vyh lp ugh
cksyrs [+kqnk rqEgs gykd djs ¼crkvks½ eSa fdl ij >wB ckW/k ldrk
gwaA
[+kcjnkj eSaus ml d+kSe ls yM+us ds fy, fnuks jkr [k+keks”kh ls Hkh
vkSj ,yku djds Hkh rqEgs iqdkjk vkSj yydkjk vkSj rqe ls dgk fd
blls igys fd og tax ds fy, c<+as rqe muij /kkok cksy nks [+kqnk
dh d+le ftl d+kSe ds yksxkas ij muds ?kjksa ds ikl gh geyk gks
lPpk vt+knkj
(153)
tkrk gS og t+yhyks [+okj gks tkrs gSa ysfdu rqe us ftgkn dks
nwljkaas ij Vky fn;k vkSj ,d nwljs dh enn ls nkeu cpkus yxs
;gka rd fd rqe dks ywVikV dk f”kdkj cuk;k x;k vkSj rqEgkjs
“kgjksa ij t+cjnLrh dCt+k dj fy;k x;kA gSjr gS gSjr] [+kqnk dh
d+le mu yksxksa dk ckfry ij ,dk dj ysuk vkSj rqe lcdk vyx
vyx gks tkuk fny dks eqnkZ dj nsrk gS vkSj nq[k rdyhQ+ dks c<+k
nsrk gS rqEgkjk cqjk gks rqe nq[k rdyhQ+ esa Qals jgksA rqe rks [+kqn
gh rhjksa dk fu”kkuk cus gq, gks rqEgs cjckn fd;k tk jgk gS fQj
Hkh rqe geys ds fy;s ugha mBrsA og rqels yM+ fHkM+ jgs gSa vkSj rqe
tax ls th pqjkrs gks [+kqnk dh eq[k+kyQ+rsa gks jgh gSa vkSj rqe [+kq”k gks
jgs gksA vxj xfeZ;ksa esa rqEgsa mudh rjQ+ c<+us dks dgrk gw¡ rks rqe
;g dgrs gks fd ;s rks cM+h l[+r xehZ dk oD+r gS vkSj vxj
lfnZ;ks esa pyus ds fy;s dgrk gw¡ rks rqe ;s dgrs gks fd dM+kds dk
tkM+k iM+ jgk gS bruk :d tkb;s fd lnhZ dk ekSle pyk tk;sA
;g lc lnhZ vkSj xehZ ls cpus ds fy;s ckrsa gSaA tc rqe lnhZ vkSj
xehZ ls bl rjg Hkkxrs gks rks fQj [+kqnk dh d+le! rqe ryokjksa dks
ns[kdj blls dgha T+;knk HkkxksxsA ,s enksZa dh lwjr okys ukenksZa!
rqEgkjh vd+ysa cPpksa dh lh gSa vkSj rqEgkjh le> insZ esa jgus okyh
nqYguksa dh rjg gS eSa rks ;gh pkgrk Fkk fd u rqedks ns[krk u
rqels tku igpku gksrh ,Slh igpku tks fTk+Yyr vkSj nq%[k o
rdyhQ+ dh otg cuh gS [+kqnk rqEgs Q+uk djs fd rqeus esjs fny dks
ihi ls Hkj fn;k vkSj esjs lhus dks xqLls ls Nydk fn;k gS rqeus
lPpk vt+knkj
(154)
eq>s nq%[k o rdyhQ+ ds ?kawV yxkrkj fiyk;s dguk u ekudj esjh
jk; dks rckg dj fn;kA
, og yksxksa ftuds ftLe ,d txg vkSj reUuk,sa vyx vyx gSa
rqEgkjh ckrsa rks l[+r iRFkjksa dks Hkh uje dj nsrh gSa vkSj rqEgkjs
dke ,Sls gSa fd tks nq”euksa dks rqEgkjs Åij eqlYyr gksus dk ekSd+k
nsrs gaS vius ?kjksa esa cSBdj rks rqe ;g dgrs gks fd ;g dj nsaxs
vkSj og dj nsaxs vkSj tc tax fNM+ tkrh gS rks rqe mlls cpus
yxrs gks tks rqedks enn ds fy;s iqdkjs mldh vkokt+ dh dksbZ
gSfl;r ugha ftldk rqe tSls yksxksa ls ikyk iM+k gks mldk fny
ges”kk cspSu jgrk gS x+yr lyr ghys cgkus gSa vkSj eq>ls tax
djus ds fy;s nsjh pkgrs gSaA tSls djt+k u nsus okyk djt+k ysus
okys dks Vkyus dh dksf”k”k djrk gS t+yhy vkneh ft+YYkrksa dks
ugha jksd ldrk vkSj gd+ rks cx+Sj dksf”k”k ds ugha fey ldrk ml
?kj ds ckn vkSj dkSu lk ?kj gS ftldh fgQ+kt+r djksxs vkSj esjs
ckn vkSj fdl beke ds lkFk gksdj ftgkn djksxsA [+kqnk dh d+le
ftls rqeus /kksdk ns fn;k gks mlds /kksdk [kkus esa dksbZ “kd ugha
vkSj ftls rqe tSls yksx feys gksa rks mlds fgLls esa og rhj vkrk
gS tks [k+kyh gksrk gS vkSj ftlus rqEgsa rhjksa dh rjg nq”euksa ij
Qsadk gks mlus ,Slk rhj Qsadk gS ftldk eq¡g vkSj Qydk VwV pqdk
gSA [+kqnk dh d+le esjh gkyr rks vc ;g gS fd u eSa rqEgkjh fdlh
ckr dh rkbZn dj ldrk gw¡ vkSj u rqEgkjs lgkjs dk eq>s dksbZ
vkljk ckd+h jgk gS vkSj u gh rqEgkjh otg ls nq”eu dks tax dh
/kedh ns ldrk gw¡ rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS\ rqEgkjh chekjh D;k gS\
lPpk vt+knkj
(155)
vkSj mldk bykt D;k gS\ ml d+kSe ds yksx Hkh rks rqEgkjh rjg ds
enZ gSa D;k ckrsa gh ckrsa jgsaxh dksbZ dke u gksxkA rqe ij vQ+lksl
gS fd eSa rks rqedks cqjk Hkyk dgrs dgrs Hkh mdrk x;k gw¡ d;k
rqEgsa vk[k+jr ds cnys nqu;koh ft+Unxh vkSj bT+t+r ds cnys
ft+Yyr gh d++qcwy gS! Tkc rqEgsa nq”euksa ls yM+us ds fy;s cqykrk gw¡
rks rqEgkjh vk¡[ksa bl rjg ?kweus yx tkrh gaS fd tSls rqe ekSr ds
Hkaoj esa gks vkSj tku fudyus ds oD+r dh csgks”kh rqe ij NkbZ gks
esjh ckrsa tSls rqEgkjh le> esa gh ugha vkrha rks rqe gSjku jg tkrs
gks ,Slk yxrk gS fd tSls rqEgkjs fnyks fnekx+ ij nhokusiu dk
vlj gS fd rqe vd+y ls dqN dke Hkh ugha ys ldrsA rqe ges”kk
ds fy, eq>ls viuk ,rekn ¼Hkjkslk½ [kks pqds gks u rqe dksbZ
et+cwr lgkjk gks fd rqe ij Hkjkslk djds nq”euksa dh rjQ+ :[k
fd;k tk;s vkSj u rqe bT+t+r ;k dke;kch dh otg gks fd rqEgkjh
t+:jr iM+s] rqe rks mu Å¡Vksa dh rjg gks ftuds pjokgs xqe gks x,
gksa vxj mUgsa ,d rjQ+ ls lesVk tk, rks nwljh rjQ+ ls frrj
fcrj gks tk,saxsA [+k+qnk dh d+le rqe tax ds “kksys HkM+dkus ds fy,
cgqr cqjs lkfcr gq, gks rqEgkjs f[k+ykQ lc rnchjsa gqvk djrh gSa
vkSj rqe nq”euksa ds f[k+ykQ+ dksbZ rnchj ugha djrs rqEgkjs “kgjksa dh
gnas fnu c fnu de gksrh pyh tk jgh gaS exj rqEgsa x+qLlk ugha
vkrkA og rqEgkjh rjQ+ ls dHkh csijokg ugha gksrs vkSj rqe gks fd
csijokgh esa lc dqN Hkwys gq, gksA [+kqnk dh d+le ,d nwljs ij
Vkyus okys gkjk gh djrs gSaA [+kqnk dh d+le eSa rqEgkjs fy, ;gh
lksp j[krk g¡w fd vxj tax t+ksj idM+ ys vkSj ekSr dh xjeckt+kjh
lPpk vt+knkj
(156)
gks rks rqe bCus vch rkfyc ls bl rjg dV dj tkvksxs ds ftl
rjg cnu ls lj ¼fd nksckjk iyVuk eqefdu gh u gks½A
eSa rks ,sls yksxksa esa Qal x;k gw¡ fd tc mUgsa dksbZ gqDe nsrk gw¡ rks
mls ekurs ugha vkSj tc mUgsa cqykrk gw¡ rks vkrs ugha rqEgkjk cqjk gks
vc vius [+kqnk dh enn djus esa rqEgs fdldk bUrst+kj gS D;k nhu
rqEgsa ,d txg bdBB~k ugha djrk vkSj rqEgkjh x+Sjr rqEgsa tks”k esa
ugha ykrh\ eSa rqees [kM+k gksdj fpYykrk gw¡ vkSj enn ds fy,
iqdkjrk gw¡ ysfdu rqe u esjh ckr lqurs gks u esjk dksbZ gqDe ekurs
gks ;gka rd fd esjk gqDe u ekuus ds cqjs urhts [kqydj lkeus vk
tk,sa u rqEgkjs t+fj;s [+kwu dk cnyk fy;k tk ldrk gS] u fdlh
ed+ln rd ig¡qpk tk ldrk gSA eSaus rqEgsa rqEgkjs gh HkkbZ;ksa dh
enn ds fy, iqdkjk Fkk exj rqe ml Å¡V dh rjg fcyfcykus yxs
ftldh ukQ+ esa nnZ gks jgk gks vkSj ml irys nqcys det+ksj Å¡V
dh rjg <hys iM+ x, ftldh ihB ij t+[+e gks fQj esjs ikl rqe
yksxksa dh ,d NksVh lh] ijs”kku o det+ksj Q+kSt vkbZA
geus ns[kk fd tkfgy vkSj csod++++wQ+ f”k;ksa us fdl rjg vius beke
dks vdsyk NksM+ fn;k og tkfgy csod++wQ+ f”k;k gh gSa tSlk fd
bekes t+ekuk us Q+jek;k fd mlds bZeku ls ePNj dk ij T+;knk
et+cwr gS vxj lkjs f”k;k pkSng eklwehu ds fy, viuh viuh
ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vPNh rjg le>rs gksrs vkSj mudks iwjk Hkh djrs
rks rkjh[k+ dHkh Hkh mudh et+ywfe;r] csdlh vkSj eqlhcrksa dh
xokg u gksrhA
lPpk vt+knkj
(157)
vxj f”k;k vius bekeksa [k+kldj bekes t+ekuk dks lgh <ax ls
igpkurs vkSj muds ckjs esa viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vnk dj jgs gksrs
rks bekes t+ekuk ,d gt+kj ,d lks lkB lky xS+cr esa vdsys jgus
ds fy, etcwj u gksrsA
gesa /;ku nsuk pkfg, fd bekes t+ekuk tksfd vius nknk eksgrje
ds lPps vt+knkj gSa vkSj muds [+kwu dk ogh cnyk ysus okys gSa og
,d gt+kj lky igys vius f”k;ksa dh csoQ+kbZ vkSj de fgEerh dh
f”kdk;r fdl rjg ls dj jgs gSa &**vxj gekjs f”k;k ¼[+kqnk mUgsa
viuh iSjoh dh rkSQ+hd+ ns½ gekjs okns dks iwjk djus esa ,d fny
gksrs rks muds fy, gekjh ckcjdr eqykd+kr esa nsjh u gksrh vkSj
gesa ns[kus dh usdh] tkudkjh ds lkFk mu rd igq¡p tkrh rks gesa
muls dksbZ pht+ nwj u j[krh exj mudh ogh ckrsa tks ge rd
igq¡prh gSa ftlls gesa nq%[k gksrk gS tcfd mudh gesa muls mEEkhn
Hkh ugha gksrh gSA**
og tkfgy vkSj ukle> f”k;k gh rks Fks ftUgksaus bekes glus
eqtrck dks gd+ ij tkurs gq, Hkh ekfo;k dh rjQ+ ls vkus okyh
/kefd;ksa vkSj ykyp ds lkeus iSj QSyk fn;s vkSj vkidk lkFk
NksM+dj pys x;s vkSj vkidks ekfo;k ls lqyg djus ij etcwj
fd;kA
vkx+k [+kqeSuh lkgc ftUgksaus [+kqn csod+wQ+ksa vkSj tkfgyksa ls cgqr
rdyhQ+ vkSj nq%[k lgs gSa og bekes glus eqtrck dh et+ywfe;r
ds ckjs esa mUgha ds pkgus okyksa ds chp bl rjg Q+jekrs gSa &**bekes
glu ftruk vius nksLrksa vkSj lgkfc;ksa ls ijs”kku Fks bruk nwljksa
lPpk vt+knkj
(158)
ls ugha Fks og lgkch fd ftUgksaus ;g lkspk gh u Fkk fd muds
t+ekus ds beke fdl izksxzke ds lkFk vkxs c<+ jgs gSa blh fy, og
viuh [kksVh vd+y vkSj x+yr lksp dks ysdj muds eqd+kcys esa [kM+s
gks tkrs Fks vkSj vkidks ijs”kku djrs] lrkrs vkSj dgw¡ rks mUgha dh
otg ls vkidh thr u gks ldh vkids nq”euksa ls okns fd;s vkSj
gt+kjksa rjhd+ksa ls tky QSyk,A**
gk¡ gk¡ ,gyscSr dks tks rdyhQ+sa f”k;ksa vkSj vius tkfgy pkgus okyksa
ls igqaph gSa og nq”euksa ls Hkh ugha igq¡phA cfYd tks rdyhQ+ Hkh
mUgsa muds nq”euksa ls igqaph ;k tks rkSghu vkSj t+qYe cnkZ”r fd;k
og lc uk le> f”k;ksa ds cqjs rjhd+s vkSj dkeksa dh otg ls gh FksA
blh otg ls ge ;g dgrs gSa fd f”k;k vt+knkjh ds pkSFks ntsZ rd
ugha igqaps gSa vkSj flQZ+ ;gh ugha fd og lPps vt+knkj ugha gSa
cfYd dgha ,Slk u gks fd tks eqlhcr bekes t+ekuk dks igqapsxh
mlesa budk gkFk gks ;k ;g Hkh muij t+qYe djus okyksa ds lkFk
gksaA
,d ukle> f”k;k tc rd ,d lPpk vt+knkj ugha cu
ldrk rks fQj og bekes t+ekuk dk lPpk vkSj lgh bUrst+kj djus
okyk rks gks gh ugha ldrkA
lPpk bUrst+kj djus okyk tkurk gS fd nhu vkSj mlds
gykyks gjke dh tkudkjh ds cx+Sj u flQZ+ ;g fd ge [+kqnk vkSj
bekes t+ekuk ls d+jhc ugha gks ldrs cfYd nhu vkSj mldh v/kwjh
tkudkjh gesa muls vkSj nwj dj nsxh vkSj ge cgqr T+;knk xqugxkj
cu tk,saxs og yksx tks flQ+Z nhu dk t+kfgjh [+;ky j[krs gSa vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(159)
viuh ckrksa vkSj dkeksa dks [+kqnk vkSj jlwy ds gqDe ds tSlk ugha
djrs vkSj viuh et+hZ vkSj vd+y ds eqrkfcd nhu ij pyrs gSa og
bekes t+ekuk dh enn djus ds ctk, vkidks rdyhQ+ nsrs vkSj
vkidks ukjkt+ djrs gSaA
vQ+lksl gS mldh gkyr ij fd ftldh f”kdk;r mlds
beke djsaA [+kqnk gesa cpk, fd dksbZ bekes t+ekuk dh ekSgCcr vkSj
muds nhu dh ikcUnh dk nkok rks djs exj mldh nhunkjh vkSj
mlds nhuh dkeksa ls vkidks vkSj lkjs eklwehu dks rdyhQ+ gqbZ gks
vkSj og mudh ekSgCcr ikus ds ctk;s muls nwjh ds jkLrs ij pyk
tk jgk gks vkSj mudh ykur vkSj vt+kc dk Hkh gd+nkj cu x;k
gksA bYe gkfly djks vkSj ck vnc cuks fd mudh etfyl esa tks
ck vnc ugha gksrk mls ckr phr dh dksbZ btkt+r ugha gksrhA
blhfy, lPpk bUrst+kj djus okyk og gS fd tks T+;knk ls
T+;knk bl ckr dh dksf”k”k djs fd mlds lkjs dke vkSj v[+kykd+
nhuks eklwehu ds crk, gq, jkLrs ij gksa og nhunkjh esa euekuh
ckrksa ij ugha pyrk ;k nwljksa ds cgdk, esa ugha vkrk cfYd gj
dke ls igys nhu dk gqDe irk djrk gS lPps bUrst+kj djus okys
viuh ft+Unxh dks rkSt+hgqy elkbZy ds lgkjs xqt+kjrs gSa vkSj viuh
euekuh o eu?kM+r ckrksa vkSj pkgrks ls og cgqr nwj jgrs gSa rkfd
mudh ft+Unxh dk gj eksM+ vkSj nhu dk gj dke ekSyk dh [+kq”kh
dh otg cu lds bl rjg ls og vius ekSyk ds pkgus okyksa dh
ykbZu es vk ldrs gaSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(160)
vxj beke ls feyuk pkgrs gks rks bYe gkfly djks D;w¡fd
lkfgcs ut+j ges”kk tkuus okyksa ls gh lEcU/k j[krs gSaA bUrst+kj
djus okyk cgqr T+;knk viuh lw> cw> ls dke ysrk gS rkfd tks
dqN nhu esa ugha gS mls nhu u le>s vkSj tks nhu dk fgLlk gS
mls u NksM+s vkSj blds fy, og vkfyeksa ls enn ekaxrk gS vkSj og
vius vkidks dHkh Hkh vkfyeksa vkSj nhunkjksa ls nwj ugha j[krk og
nhu dks le>us vkSj T+;knk ls T+;knk tkudkjh ikus ds fy, cspSu
jgrk gS tkfgyksa vkSj ukle> yksxksa ls cgqr nwj jgrk gS flok,
blds fd mUgsa dqN fl[kkuk pkgs exj bldk [;ky j[krs gq, fd
mudk dksbZ cqjk vlj u vk,A
ikapok ejrck ¼cnyk ysus ds dkeksa dk½
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj vius pkSFks ejrcs dks iwjk djds vkrk gS ;gk¡
og fny dh ikdht+xh vkSj [k+kl tkudkjh ds ckn igqaprk gS lPpk
vt+knkj bl ejrcs esa ,gyscSr dh vt+er dh tkudkjh tks mls
igys gks pqdh vkSj mudh ekSgCcr vkSj nq”euksa ls mudk cnyk ysus
dh Hkkouk] bu lc dh otg ls og cgqr T+;knk dke djrk gS vkSj
,Sls dke fd ftuls ,gyscSr dh ekSgCcr iSnk gqbZ ;k muij vd+hns
dk fuHkZj gksuk ;k [+k+qnk dh [k+kl ckrsa gksa] djrk gSA lPpk vt+knkj
og gS fd tks vxj eqlhcrs vt+he ¼cM+h eqlhcr½ tks bekes gqlSu
ij gqbZ ml ij jks jgk gS rks og eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h
eqlhcr½ ij vkSj T+;knk jks;sA
jlwys [+kqnk Q+jekrs gSa &** cs”kd eksfeuksa ds fnyksa es d+Rys gqlSu dh
otg ls ,Slh xehZ gS tks dHkh Hkh BaMh ugha gksxhA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(161)
tc lPps vt+knkj ds fny esa **eqlhcrs vt+he** ;kuh bekes gqlSu
vkSjmuds lkfFk;ksa dks d+Ry gksus dh otg ls BaMh u gksus okyh
vkx ¼xehZ½ gS rks fQj ftl vksgns ds fy, [+kqnk us vkidks Hkstk Fkk
vkSjmlij vkidks ckd+h u jgus fn;k mlds fy, rks vkSj Hkh T+;knk
lPps vt+knkj esa xehZ gksuh pkfg,A D;w¡fd mlesa :gs gqlSuh vkSj
mldh Hkkouk ikbZ tkrh gSA
og bekes gqlSu dk gd+hd+h csVk gS ftldks [+kqnk us muds [+kwu dk
cnyk ysus okyk cuk;k gSA blhfy, mlds fny esa cnyk ysus dh
vkx gS fd tks dHkh Hkh ugha cq>sxh vkSj ;gh vkx [+kqnk vkSj
bUlkfu;r ds nq”euksa ds fy, Hkh gS fd tks mldks vt+knkjh ds
ik¡pos ejrcs rd igq¡pkrh gS ;kuh beke gqlSu ds nq”euksa ls cnyk
ysus vkSj ftgkn djus okys dkeksa dks “kq: djukA
bl ejrcs esa mldh nqvk ogh gksrh gS fd tks ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk vkSj
nwljh ft+;kjrksa esa mldks crkbZ xbZ gSA
**eSa ml [+kqnk ls loky djrk gw¡ fd ftlus vkidks ;g cqyUn
ed+ke fn;k vkSj eq>s vkids t+j;s bT+Tk+r nh fd eq>s ,gyscSr ds
bekes eUlwj ds lkFk vkids [+kwu dk cnyk ysus dh rkSQ+hd+ nsA**
nwljs tqeys esa beke gqlSu ls bl rjg dgk x;k fd&
**eSa ml [+kqnk ls loky djrk gw¡ fd ftlus vkidks ;g cqyUn
ed+ke fn;k vkSj eq>s vkids t+j;s bT+Tk+r nh fd eq>s ml bekes
fgnk;r ds lkFk bekes gqlSu ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus dh rkSQ+hd+ ns
tks gd+ ds lkFk t+kfgj gksdj gd+ dh ckrsa djus okyk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(162)
Ikk¡pok ejrck nhu vkSj ,gyscSr ds nq”euksa ds f[+kykQ+ rst+h ls
dkeksa dks “kq: dj nsus dk gS ;k nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;w¡ dgk tk, fd
;g ejrck eqlhcrs vkt+e dh lgh igpku vkSj mldh lgh lksp
le> dk gSA ftgkn vkSj eqd+kcys ds flok eqlhcrs vkt+e dk
tokc fdlh pht+ ls ugha fn;k tk ldrkA
Cknyk ysus ds dkeksa ds rhu fgLls
vc rd tks dqN crk;k x;k mlls ,d vt+knkj dh
ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks vPNh rjg le>k tk ldrk gS ysfdu bl ckr dh
vgfe;r dks lkeus j[krs gq, bl ft+Eesnkjh dks rQ+lhy ls fy[k
jgs gSaA vt+knkj ds fy, cnys ds dkeksa esa tks dqN Hkh t+:jh gS
tSlk fd bl fgLls ds uke ls Hkh irk pyrk gS og gS dqN dkeksa
dk yxkkrkj djuk ;kuh fny] ,glkl vkSj vD+y ls Hkh vkxs dh
ft+Eesnkfj;kaA
dqjkus djhe vkSj eklwehu dh gnhlksa ls tks dqN gkfly
gksrk gS og ;g gS fd eksfeu dh bl ejrcs esa rhu ft+Eesnkfj;ka gSaA
1- t+ckuh ykurks eyker 2- nwjh o uQ+jr 3- nq”euksa ls ftgknA
1- t+ckuh ykur o eyker
[+kqnk vkSj eklwehu ls bUlkuksa ds ukrs dks rksM+uk ;k det+ksj djuk
cgqr cM+k xqukg gS vkSj bUlkuh ft+Unxh esa [+k;kur Hkh gS vkSj iwjs
bfrgkl esa ftu yksxksa us Hkh ;g cM+k xqukg fd;k gS mu lc ij
[+kqnk] uch vkSj Q+fj”rksa us ykur dh gSA ykur ;kuh [+kqnk dh
jger vkSj fgnk;r ls nwj gksuk vkSj usd;kas ds jkLrs ls vyx gks
tkuk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(163)
vkSj ;g lp gS fd tks yksx [+kqnk vkSj eklwehu ls [+kqn Hkh vyx
gks x;s og [+kqn Hkh fgnk;r o jger ls nwj gks x;s vkSj mUgksaus
nwljksa dks Hkh mudh fgnk;r ls nwj dj fn;k gS rks og eyÅu gSa
vkSj eyÅu og gS fd tks lh/ks jkLrs ls HkVd tk;s vkSj x+yr
jkLrk pqu ysA
ftUgksaus [+kqn dks vkSj nwljksa dks HkVdk;k gS muij ykur djuk ,d
rjg ls xokgh nsuk vkSj ,d og”krukd vkSj cgqr dM+os okd+,s ds
gksus dk irk nsrk gS vkSj og ;s fd ftu yksxksa Ikj ykur dh tk
jgh gS mUgksaus bUlkuh lekt dks rjD+d+h dh Å¡pkbZ rd igq¡pus ls
jksd fn;k vkSj mUgsa nqu;k o vk[+kjr dh usd;ksa ls nwj dj fn;k rks
mlds urhts esa mudks yksxksa dks HkVdkus] vt+kc vkSj cqjh fd+Ler
cukus dk et+k Hkh p[kuk gksxkA D;w¡fd mUgksaus [+k+qn vius gkFk ls gh
viuh rd+nhj [k+jkc dh gSA
ykur ds nwljs ekuh tks vke yksxksa esa e”kgwj gSa og Hkh igys ekuh
dh rjg gSa ;kuh bruk cM+k xqukg djus okyksa ds fy, vt+kc dh
cnnqvk djuk vkSj bldh nyhy fcYdqy lkeus dh gS tc dksbZ
bUlku fdlh dks vius tk;t+ gd+ ds jkLrs esa :dkoV curs gq,
ns[krk gS rks [+kqnk ls ;g nqvk djrk gS fd ml :dkoV dks nwj
dj ns vkSj mls mlls [+kqn gh uQ+jr gks tkrh gS vkSj og bUlkuksa
dh usd;ksa ds jkLrs esa :dkoV cuus dh otg ls [+kqnk ds vt+kc dk
gd+nkj gks tkrk gS vkSj ,Slk vkneh gj ml vkneh dh ut+j esa]
tks vPNkb;ksa dks ilUn vkSj usd;ksa dk “kkSd+hu] gksxk fxj tk;sxk
cfYd mlls uQ+jr gks tk;sxhA
lPpk vt+knkj
(164)
blh otg ls d++qjkus djhe vkSj ,gyscSr dh gnhlksa [k+kldj mudh
ft+;kjrkas ds ,rckj ls og yksx ykurh Bgjsa gSa fd tks yksxksa dh
nqu;k o vk[+kjr dh usdh vkSj vPNkb;ksa esa :dkoV dh otg cus
gSa ;k cusaxsA
t+cku ls nwjh dk t+kfgj djuk cnyk ysus ds “kq:vkrh dkeksa esa ls
gS tks viuh txg ,d vge vkSj cM+k dke gS bl ejrcs ds vge
vkSj cgqr T+;knk urhts lkeus vkrs gSa ftudks fy[kus dh xqatkb”k
;gk¡ ugha gSA
,gyscSr dh crkbZ gqbZ dksbZ T+;kjr ,Slh ugha gS ftlesa muds nq”euksa
ij t+ckuh ykur eyker u gksA d+qjkus djhe esa Hkh nhus [+kqnk ds
nq”euksa ij ckj ckj ykur dh xbZ gSA ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk cfYd
eklwehu dh lkjh ft+;kjrksa esa tgk¡ tgk¡ Hkh ,gyscSr dh foyk;rks
ekSgCcr ds fy, dgk gS ogha muds nq”euksa ls nq”euh vkSj uQ+jr
dks Hkh dgk x;k gSA
ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk esa rhu rjg ds yksxksa ls uQ+jr vkSj muij ykur
djus dks dgk x;k gS tks uhps fy[ks tk jgs gSaA
¼v½ftu yksxksa us f[k+ykQ+r dks gM+Ik dj mldks x+yr jkLrs dh
rjQ+ eksM+ fn;k ftlds ckn ,gyscSr ij t+qYe gksus yxs muesa
djcyk dk t++qYe mlds ckn Hkh f”k;ksa vkSj lkjs eqlyekuksa dks
vufxur eqlhcrsa lguk iM+haA
ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk esa beke gqlSu dh eqlhcr dks ml HkVdus vkSj
x+yrh djus ds urhts esa crk;k gS tks bLyke ds “kq: gh esa ekSyk
vyh ¼v-l-½ dk gd+ nckus ls lkeus vkbZ FkhA blhfy, bekes gqlSu
lPpk vt+knkj
(165)
¼v-l-½ dh eqlhcr dh vt+er ds ckn bl ft+;kjr esa lcls igys
muij ykur i<+h tkrh gS fd ftUgksaus bLyke ds “kq:vkrh nkSj esa
jlwys [+kqnk ds ckn yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds jkLrs dks cny fn;k Fkk
vkSj HkVdkus ds cht cks, Fks ftlds urhts esa cuh me¸;k dks
iuius dk ekSd+k fey x;k Fkk vkSj bl eyÅu [+kkunku ds QSyus
vkSj iuius gh dh otg ls vk”kwjk dh eqlhcr lkeus vkbZ ftlls
,d ckj fQj bUlkuh lekt eklwe beke dh fgnk;r ls nwj gks
x;kA
¼c½ og nq”eu fd ftUgksaus beke gqlSu vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dks
“kghn fd;k];kmu ds fy, dke fd;k ;k [k+keks”k jgdj mu nq”euksa
dks ljkgk vkSj mudh enn dhA
¼Lk½og nq”eu tks djcyk ds ckn ls d+;ker rd nqu;k es avk;saxsA
Ykkur ds ckjs esa bldk /;ku jgs fd ftl rjg ,gyscSr ds nq”euksa
ds igys vkSj nwljs fxjksg ij ykur djuk t+:jh gS blh rjg
muls nq”euh j[kus okys rhljs fxjksg ij Hkh ykur t+:jh gS D;w¡fd
;g ykur mu yksxks ij gS tks bl oD+r ,gyscSr vkSj [+kkl rkSj ls
bekes t+ekuk ds nq”eu gSa vkSj vkids tq+gwj ds jkLrs esa :dkoV cus
gq, gSa tks Hkh bekes t+ekuk ds nq”euksa ij ykur u djs vkSj muls
viuh nq”euh dks Hkh [kqydj u crk;s rks mls viuh ,gyscSr ls
ekSgCcr vkSj bZeku ij “kd djuk pkfg,A
ge bl t+ekus esa dqN T+;knk ns[k jgs gSa fd tks yksx ns[kus esa
nhunkj vkSj eksfeu yxrs gSa og vyx vyx ghys cgkuksa ls yksxksa
dks “kSrkus cqt++qxZ vejhdk vkSj nwljh bLykeh nq”eu rkd+rksa ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(166)
f[k+ykQ+ ukjk yxkus ls jksdrs gSa vkSj [k+kl rkSj ij yksxksa dks
vejhdk eqnkZckn vkSj blzkbZy eqnkZckn dgus ls jksdrs gSA
tEgwfj;k bLykfe;s bjku tks ,Slk eqYd gS fd ftlds fy;s jlwys
[+k+qnk us Q+jek;k gS fd ;gk¡ ds yksx bekes t+ekuk ds t+gwj ds fy;s
ekgkSy rS;kj djsaxsA ml eqyds bLykeh ds ckuh vk;rqYyk [+kqeSuh
lkgc us vius bykgh fl;klh olh;r ukesa esa etfylksa ds chp
,gyscSr ds nq”euksa ij Hksth tkus okyh ykurksa ds ckjs es bl rjg
Q+jek;k gS &**bZjku dh usd d+kSe ls ejh ;g olh;r gS fd eklwehu
[k+kl rkSj ls beke gqlSu dh vt+knkjh esa ge dHkh Hkh ykijokgh u
djsa ftudh ftgknh :g ij [+kqnk] uc;ksa] Q+fj”rksa vkSj usdksa dh cs
bUrgk lyokr gks vkSj ;kn j[ksa fd eklwehu us bLyke dh rkjh[+k
ds bl vt+he okd+,s dks ft+Unk j[kus ds fy, tks gqDe fn;k gS vkSj
,gyscSr ij t+qYe djus okyksa ij tks Hkh ykur gksrh gS ;g lc
rkjh[k+ esa ges”kk ls gS vkSj ges”kk t+kfyeksa ds f[+kykQ+ cgknqj vkSj
ft;kyh d+kSeksa dk ukjk gSA vki tkurs gSa fd cuh me¸;k
ykurqqYykg vySg pkgs og tgUue rd tk pqds gSa exj muij
ykur djuk nqu;k ds t+kfyeksa ds f[k+ykQ vkokt+ mBkuk gS vkSj
t++qYe dks [k+Re djus dh bl vkokt+ dks ckd+h j[kuk gSA ukSgksa vkSj
eklwehu ds d+lhnksa esa gj t+ekus vkSj gj oD+r ds t+kfyeksa ds t++qYe
dh ;kn fnykuh pkfg,A vejhdk vkSj mlds lc fiVBqvksa ftuesa
lcls cM+s [+k+qnk ds gje ds [+;kurdkj vkys lÅn ¼[+kqnk vkSj
Q+fj”rksa dh muij ykur gks½ ftudh otg ls nqu;k dks bLyke dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(167)
et+ywfe;r ds bl oD+r esa t+ksj “kksj ls mldh ;kn fnykuh pkfg,
vkSj mu ij ykur eyker gksuh pkfg,A
mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk **fd gt ds ekSds+ ij futkr dk ,syku dqÝ+ks
f”kdZ vkSj cqrijLrh ds f[+kykQ rS;kj djuk gS!
blh rjg bZjkfu;ksa ds vejhdk eqnkZckn ds ukjksa ds fy, Q+jekrs
gSa%&
vejhdk eqnkZckn dguk ;k ml eqYd dk >UMk tykuk ,Sls dke
vejhdk dh eksgrje pht+ksa dh gjfxt+ rkSghu ugha gS tSls muds
vd+hn, bZlkb;r dh tkudkjh] bUthy] ppZ oxS+jkA cfYd ;g
vejhdk dh gqdwer ij d+Ct+k fd; gq, fxjksg dh t+kfyekuk
fl;klr ds f[k+ykQ uQ+jr dks t+kfgj djuk gS ftls bZjkuh d+kSe
vejhdk eqnkZckn dgdj vkSj mldk >UMk tykdj viuh uQ+jr
dks t+kfgj djrh gSA
2-nwjh cukuk & ;kuh nq”euksa ds dYpj ls nwjh vkSj mudh vknrksa
vkSj vd+hnksa ls cpukA t+kfgj gS fd ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr muds
nq”euksa ds dYpj vkSj vknrksa dks viukdj ugha gks ldrh bl ckjs
esa bekes lkfnd+ Q+jekrs gSa &**ge gj usdh o vPNkbZ dh tM+ gSa
ftruh Hkh usfd;ka gSa og lc gekjh gh nsu gSa ftudks bl rjg
fxuk tk ldrk gS & rkSghn] uekt+] jkst+k vkSj xqLls dks ih tkuk
oxS+jk vkSj gekjs nq”eu gj cqjkbZ dh tM+ gSa gj cqjkbZ mUgh ls
QSyrh gS mudh otg ls >wB] datwlh] pqx+y[k+ksjh] fj”rsnkjksa ls cqjk
lqywd] lwn ysuk ox+SjkA fygkt+k og >wBk gS fd tks ;g lksps fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(168)
og gekjs lkFk vkSj geesa ls gS exj og gekjs nq”euksa dh cqjh
vknrksa esa tdM+k gqvk gksA**
;g lgh gS fd og >wBk gS tks vius vkidks ,gyscSr dk le>rk
gks ysfdu nq”euksa dh vknrsa mlesa ikbZ tkrh gksa vkSj lwn ysus nsus
cqjs v[k+ykd] xkyh xykSp] pqx+y[k+ksjh] eagxh pht+s djds cspuk]
datwlh vkSj /kksdk /kM+h ds lkFk muds f”k;ksa ls cjrkvks djrk gksA
bl rjg ls >wBk gS og Hkh tks vius vkidks ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr
djus okyk le>rk gks vkSj nhu ds nq”euksa vkSj cqjs yksxkas ls nwjh u
j[krk gks vkSj csijnk] csuekt+] viuh vkSjrksa ds fy, csxS+jrh] nwljs
et+gcksa dh rjfc;r vius cPpksa dks x+yr jkLrk fn[kkuk blls
bekes t+ekuk cfYd eklwehu ds fny dk [+kwu djrk gSA >wBk gS og
Hkh tks vius vkidks ,gyscSr dk pkgus okyk dgrk gS vius ?kj ds
njokt+s ij ;k gqlSu dk vye yxkrk gS] vt+knkjh ds fy, vius
iwjs ?kj dks dkys diM+s ls <d nsrk gS vkSj [+k+qn Hkh bu fnuksa esa
dkys diM+s igus jgrk gS exj mlds fny esa bekes t+ekuk ds
nq”euksa dh ekSgCcr gS vkSj og mudh ckrksa vkSj dYpj dks c<+kok
nsrk gks vkSj viuh Nr ij “kSrkuh lksp vkSj mldh xqykeh dk
>aMk Hkh yxk j[kk gks ¼fM”k ,UVhuk½A
,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr muds nq”euksa ls t+jk lh uQ+jr ;k
muds dYpj ls FkksM+h lh nwjh djds ugha dh tk ldrh bekes
tkQ+js lkfnd+ ¼v-l½ us mlds tokc es bl rjg Q+jek;k ftlus
vki ls ;g loky fd;k fd og vki ls ekSgCcr djrk gS exj vki
ds nq”keuks ls nwjh j[kus es dqN detk+sj gS **fd og fcYdqy >wBk gS
lPpk vt+knkj
(169)
tks gels ekSgCcr dk nkok rks djrk gS exj gekjs nq”euks ls nwjh
ugha j[krkA
eklwehu ,d uwj gaS vkSj mu lcdk ed+ln Hkh ,d gS ¼;kfu nhu
dks ckd+h j[kuk vkSj et+gc ds pjkx+ dks jkS”ku j[kus ds fy, nkSM+
/kwi esgur djuk o dqjckuh nsuk½ blfy, mues ls fdlh ,d ds
uke dks Hkh ft+Unk j[kuk et+gcs gd+ dks ft+Unk j[kuk gS ysfdu
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ eas ;g [k+kfl;r ik;h tkrh gS fd vkidh ;kn
vkSj uke dks ft+Unk j[kuk et+gcs bLyke dks ft+Unk j[kus esa cgqr
T+;knk vlj j[krk gSA
jkst+kuk ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk i<+us dh tks rkdhn dh xbZ gS vkSj ,gyscSr
ls ekSgCcr j[kus o muij nq:nks lyke i<+us vkSj muds nq”euksa ls
nwjh j[kus dks blfy, dgk x;k gS rkfd ,gyscSr ds nq”euksa ds
rjhd+ksa vkSj vknrksa ls uQ+jr gks tk;s ojuk vkt eqvko;k vkSj
;t+hn dk dksbZ otwn ugha gS fd ge ml ij ykur djsaA mudh
;kn vkSj uke [k+Re gks pqds gSa muds yk”kas dwM+s ds <sj esa cny pqdh
gaS cfYd vkt rks ;t+hnh lksp vkSj bl oD+r ds ;t+hfn;ksa ds jkLrs
vkSj lksp ls eqd+kcyk gS fQ+jvkSu dh choh us tc [+kqnk ls nqvk dh
rks ;g ugha dgk fd [+kqnk eq>s fQ+jvkSu ls futkr fnyk ns cfYd
mUgksaus ;w¡ dgk [+kqnk vius ikl tUur esa esjs fy, ,d ?kj cuk ns
vkSj eq>s fQ+jvkSu vkSj mlds dkjksckj ls futkr fnyk ns vkSj iwjh
t+kfye d+kSe ls futkr fnyk nsA ;kuh eq>s fQ+jvkSu o fQ+jvkSfu;ksa
ls futkr ns fd tks cqjh vkSj [k+jkc ckrksa dks ilUn djrs gSaA lksp
ges”kk ckd+h jgrh gS pkgs uke vkSj mlds ekSt+w cny tk,asA
lPpk vt+knkj
(170)
taxs uSgjoku ds [+kRe gks tkus ij tc [k+kjft;ksa dh ft+Unxh dk
fcYdqy lQ+k;k gks x;k rks ekSyk vyh ¼v-l-½ ls fdlh us dgk fd
og lcds lc feV x;s [+kRe gks x,] rks vkius Q+jek;k gjfxt+ ugha
vHkh rks og enksZa dh lqYcksa vkSj vkSjrksa ds isVksa esa ekStwn gSa tc Hkh
muesa dksbZ ljnkj t+kfgj gksxk rks mls dkVdj j[k fn;k tk;sxk
;gka rd fd muds vk[+kjh yksx pksj vkSj Mkdw gksdj jg tk;saxsA
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk fe”ku vkt Hkh ft+Unk vkSj ckd+h gS blh
rjg veoh] ejokuh] vkSj vCcklh elyd Hkh ekStwn gSa jksus vkSj
vt+knkjh djus dh rkdhn blfy, dh xbZ gS fd “kghn ij jksus ls
“kgknr dk “kkSd+ iSnk gksrk gS vkSj bUd+ykc dh :g dks ft+Unk
djrs gq, mlds fy, “kgknr dks fnypLi cuk nsrk gSA D;w¡fd
vk¡lqvksa esa mlh dk jax Nydrk gS ftlds fy, og cgk;s tkrs gSa
vkSj ;gh jaxks <ax vk¡lw cgkus okys dks fn;k tkrk gSA blhfy,
gqlSuh fe”ku ij pyus okyk bUlku u t++qYe cjnk”r djrk gS u
[+kqn fdlh ij t+qYe djrk gS blhfy, tks yksx tqYe djus ;k lgus
dks dqcwy djrs vkSj ekurs gSa muesa gqlSfu;r FkksM+h lh Hkh ugha ikbZ
tkrh D;ksafd beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ dk [+kkl f”k;k u t++qYe djrk gS u
t++qYe lgrk gSA t+qYe lgus okyk blh rjg cuh me¸;k dk iSjksdkj
gS ftl rjg t+qYe djus okyk veoh pkyksa dks ekuus okyk gS pkgs
mlds gksaVks ij **;k gqlSu**¼v-l-½ dk ukSgk D;w¡ u gks vkSj d+;ker
ds fnu tc gj ,d dks mlds beke ds lkFk cqyk;k tk;sxk rks
t+kfyeksa dks cuh me¸;k ds lkFk [kM+k fd;k tk;sxkA fygkt+k vxj
dksbZ ;g le>uk pkgrk gS fd dkSu lk jkLrk beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½
lPpk vt+knkj
(171)
dk gS vkSj dkSu lk cuh me¸;k dk] rks og ns[ks fd mlesa t+qYe
lgus ;k djus dh Hkkouk gS ;k ugha vxj mlds vUnj cqjh vknrsa
vkSj ckrsa ikbZ tk;as rks fQj mls vius Åij “kq: ls /;ku nsuk
gksxkA
3- nq”euksa ls ml oD+r rd *ftgkn* yM+kbZ vkSj mudh rkd+r
dks egnwn djus dh dksf”k”k j[kuh pkfg, tc rd fd og
tM+ ls [+kRe u gks tk,
vxj dYpj ;k cqjs izpkj ds vlj ls cqr ijLrh o f”kdZ
jkbt gks tk;s ftlds urhts es eqlyekuksa ds vlyh gd+ ;kuh
[+kqnk ds ,d gksus dks uqd+lku igq¡ps rks ml gd+ dks okil ysus ds
fy, eqlyekuksa dks d+ne mBkuk pkfg;s ysfdu d+ne mBkus dh :g
flQZ+ jn djuk gS pkgs og fQ+d+g ds ,rckj ls “kq:vkrh ftgkn
D;w¡ u dgk tk;s rkSghn rks bUlkuh fQ+rjr dk r;”kqnk gd+ gS
mldk jkt+ ;g gS fd rkSghn ls ,d ,d Hkh vkSj iwjs lekt] gj
,d dks ft+Unxh feyrh gS ftl rjg ekSyk vyh¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k
gS fd**rkSghn u¶+l dh ft+Unxh gS** d+qjku esa Hkh dkfQ+j dks rkSghn
dk d+k;y u gksus dh otg ls eqjnk dgk x;k gS vkSj mls ft+Unk
ds eqd+kfcys esa crk;k x;k gS **rkfd mlds t+fj;s ft+Unk fny yksxksa
dks [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls Mjk;sa vkSj dkfQ+jksa ij gqTtr reke gks
tk;sA**
lkjh vk;rksa vkSj fjok;rksa ls irk pyrk gS fd lcls igys rks
rkSghn ,d vkneh vkSj iwjs lekt lcdh ft+Unxh dk t+fj;k gSA
fQj ;g fd ;g ft+Unxh dk t+fj;k lkjh bUlku;r dk r;”kqnk
lPpk vt+knkj
(172)
gd+ gS fygkt+k lkjs bUlkuksa dks mlls Q+k;nk mBkus dk gd+ gS
blls Hkh c<+dj ;g fd ft+Unxh og gd+ gS ftls [+kqnk us fn;k gS
¼uk fd bUlku viuh esgur o dksf”k”k ls ;gk¡ rd igq¡pk gks½
blhfy, u flQZ+ nwljksa dks blls eg:e ugha fd;k tk ldrk
cfYd bUlku [+kqn Hkh [+kqndq”kh ugha dj ldrkA
fygkt+k bUlkuksa dks gd+ dk fnQ+k vkSj dqÝ+ks f”kdZ ls eqd+kcyk mu
lc gh dk vlyh o iSnkb”kh gd+ gS ;kuh ftl rjg ,d vkneh ;k
lekt dks dksbZ vkneh ;k lekt mudh ft+Unxh dks uqd+lku
igqapk;s rks mldh jn okftc gS fcYdqy blh rjg vxj dksbZ fdlh
vkneh ;k lekt dh :gkuh o et+gch ft+Unxh dks [k+jkc djs vkSj
mudks dkfQ+j cuk;s ;k muds bLykeh jkLrs esa :dkoV cus rks
mldks jn djuk t+:jh gS tSls dksbZ [+kqndq”kh dk bjknk djs rks
mldh tku cpkus ds fy, mldh [+kqndq”kh ls eqd+kcyk t+:jh gSA
;gh gky mldh :gkuh vkSj et+gch [+kqndq”kh dk Hkh gS tks fd
dqÝ+ks f”kdZ dh lwjr esa lkeus vkrh gSA d+qjku us bldks rhu fgLlksa
esa c;ku fd;k gS %& 1- **rckg djus okyksa dk gky ;g gS fd ;g
u flQZ+ ;s fd [+kqn uwjs [+kqnk ls Q+k;nk ugha mBk,axs cfYd nwljksa
dks Hkh mlds uwj ls Q+k;nk ugha mBkus nsrs vkSj ;g yxkrkj [+kqnk
ds nhu ds uwj dks cq>kus dh dksf”k”k esa yxs jgrs gSa tSlk fd d++qjku
esa gS fd **;g yksx pkgrs gSa fd [+kqnk ds uwj dks vius eq¡g ls Qwad
ekjdj cq>k nsa tcfd [+kqnk blds flok dqN ekuus dks rS;kj ugha
gS fd og vius uwj dks ¼reke½ iwjk dj ns pkgs dkfQ+jksa dks ;g
fdruk gh cqjk D;w¡ u yxsA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(173)
**;g yksx nwljksa dks d+qjku ls jksdrs gSa vkSj [+kqn Hkh nwj Hkkxrs gSaa
tcfd ;g vius dks gh rckg dj jgs gSa vkSj og bldks le>rs gh
ughaA**
bu nksuksa vk;rksa ls irk pyrk gS fd dkfQ+j uwjs [+kqnk dks cq>kus
dh dksf”k”k djrs jgrs gSa exj og dHkh Hkh dke;kc ugha gks ikrs
blds vykok og yksxksa dks [+kqnk ds nhu ls Hkh nwj j[kuk pkgrs gSa
vkSj mudks mlls Q+k;nk ugha mBkus nsrs vkSj [+kqn Hkh nwj gSa tcfd
og yksx tks jksdus vkSj euk djus okys gSa og ml iRFkj ds ekfuUn
gSa fd tks fdlh ikuh ds p”esa ds eqag dks can fd;s gks fd tks
:gkfu;r ds I;klksa rd ft+Unxh dk ikuh ugha igq¡pus nsrs tcfd
[+kqn Hkh mlls eg:e gSa Q+k;nk ugha mBkrsA
nwljs bl rjg ds dk¡Vksa vkSj iRFkjksa dks jkLrs ls lkQ+ djus dks
jger le>rs gSa vkSj bldks nqfu;k ds iSnk gksus dk rjhd+k crkrs gSa
**vxj blh rgj ls [+kqnk dqN yksxksa dks dqN ls u jksdrk jgrk rks
lkjh t+ehu esa >xM+k QSy tkrk ysfdu [+kqnk nks tgku ij cM+k
Q+T+y djus okyk gSA**
**vkSj vxj [+kqnk dqN yksxks ds t+fj;s dqN dks u jksdrk jgrk rks
lkjs fxjts vkSj ;gwfn;ksa vkSj etwfl;kas ds bcknr [k+kus vkSj elftnas
lc fxjk fn;s tkrs vkSj tks [+kqnk dh enn djsxk [+kqnk mldh
t+:j enn djsxk og ;d+huu rkdr vkSj bT+t+r okyk gsSA**
D;wfd t+ehu dks rckgh ls cpkuk vkSj et+gch txgkas dks ohjku u
gksus nsuk ,lh jger gS tks geyk djus okykas dks jksds cx+Sj ugh
fey ldrh ,Sls iRFkjksa vkSj dk¡Vksa dks jkLrs ls lkQ+ djuk vkSj mu
lPpk vt+knkj
(174)
jkLrs ds yqVsjkas dks gVkuk usd dke Hkh gS vkSj [+kqnk dh jger Hkh
gSA
rhljs& [+kqnk ds fy, t+:jh gS fd nqfu;k dks lgh <ax ls pykus ds
fy, mldh lkjh t+:jrks dks iwjk djs vkSj og mles fdlh rjg
dh deh ugh dj ldrk ;gh otg gS dh igyh vk;r es ;g
Q+jekus ds ckn fd vxj [+kqnk t+kfyeks dks vius usd cUnks ds t+fj,
u jksds rks t+ehu eas naxk Q+Sy tk, ;g Q+jekrk gS ¼ysfdu [+kqnk
vkyehu ij jge djus okyk gS½ ;kfu [+kqnk dh jger bl ckr dh
btkt+r ugh nsrh fd csnhu t+kfye t+ehu ij rckgh epk,] nwljh
vk;r es ;g Q+jekus ds ckn fd vxj ;g :dkoV ¼jn½ uk gks rks
bcknr xkgas [kjkc vkSj ohjku gks tk;saA ;g Q+jek;k&**tks [+kqnk dh
enn djsxk [+kqnk Hkh ;d+huu mldh enn djsxk cs “kd og rkd+rks
bT+t+r okyk gS** ;kfu [+kqnk ds Qt+y vkSj bT+t+r dk rd+kt+k ;g gS
fd “kSrkuks dks nwj Hkxk, vkSj usdh ds jkLrkas es vkus okys dkUVks dks
gVkdj viuh jger ds djf”kes fn[kk,A
blh rjg lwj, cd+j dh 203 ls 207 rd dh vk;ras Hkh
;gh crkrh gSa fd pkgs dqN yksx lekt dks >xM+s vkSj naxs dh
rjQ+ ys tkuk pkgrs gaS vkSj dqN yksx dq+cZkuh nsrs gSa ysfdu d+qcZkuh
nsus okyks dh dq+cZkuh vLy es [+kqnk dh jger gS vius cUnks ij]
;kfu [+kqnk pawfd jger ls lqywd djrk gS fygktk+ og dqN ,Sls
yksxks dks iSnk djrk gS rkfd og viuh tku nsdj gj :dkoV dks
nwj djrs jgsaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(175)
**yksxksa esa ls dqN ¼gt+jr vyh½ ,Sls Hkh gSa fd tks viuh
tku ¼u¶+l½ cspdj [+kqnk dh et+hZ [k+jhn ysrs gSaA [+kqnk vius cUnksa
ij cgqr esgjcku gSA **dqjku**
Pwaakfd gj pht+ dk fglkcks fdrkc [+kqnk dh jger ij fuHkZj
gS blfy, mldk urhtk Hkh ogh r; djrk gS blhfy, tukcs
nkÅnks tkywr ds okd+,s esa bj”kkn gS&**urhtk ;g gqvk fd mu
yksxksa us tkywr ds y”dj dks [+kqnk ds gqDe ls gjk fn;k vkSj
nkÅn us tkywr dks d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj [+kqnk us mUgsa eqYdks
fgder ns nh** **cl rqeus mudks d+Ry ugha fd;k cfYd [+kqnk us
d+Ry fd;k gSA**
ftl rjg cnu dh ft+Unxh ds fy, :g t+:jh gS cfYd
lkjs fgLlksa dks ft+Unk j[krh gS vkSj mudks csdkj gksus ls cpkrh gS
blh rjg nhu Hkh iwjs bUlkuh lekt dks :gkuh ft+Unxh nsrk gS
vkSj gj rjg ls :gkuh ft+Unxh dh otg cu tkrk gSA fygkt+k
mldh ft+Unxh dh gj ?kM+h nhuh jax <ax esa <y tkrh gS vkSj
mlij [+kqnk dh gqdwer gks tkrh gSA blhfy, ftl eqYd ds jgus
okys Hkh [+kqnk jlwy vkSj d+;ker ij bZeku j[krs gSa rks og eqYd
bLykeh eqYd esa “kkfey gS rks mldkss cpkuk t+:jh] vkSj mldh jÌ
okftc] vkSj mlds cpkus ds fy, tax djuk [+kqnk ds fy, ftgkn
djus ds cjkcj gSA
m/kj dkfQ+jksa ds oru dks cpkuk [+kqnk ds fy, ftgkn ugha
gS D;w¡fd dkfQ+j ds eqYd dks cpkuk dHkh Hkh [+kqnk dk dke ugha gks
ldrk vkSj mlds cpko dks nhuh ftgkn ugha dgk tk ldrk tSlk
lPpk vt+knkj
(176)
fd d+qjku mu yksxksa ds fy, dgrk gS fd tks cuh bLkzkbZy ls Fks fd
tks vius uch ls pkgrs Fks fd og muds fy, Q+kSt dk ljnkj cuk
nsa rkfd mlds lkFk [+kqnk ds fy, ftgkn djsa rks muds uch us
Q+jek;k dgha ,slk u gks fd tc tax okftc gks rks rqe mlls fQj
tkvks] :d tkvks vkSj tax dks u tkvks rks mUgksaus tokc fn;k fd
ge dSls ftgkn ugha djsaxs tcfd gesa gekjs ?kjksa vkSj cPpksa ls
vyx fudky dj [kM+k dj fn;k x;k gSA
bl vk;r dk [+kkl iSx+ke ;g gS fd bLykeh eqYd vkSj
eqlyeku vkSjrksa cPpksa dh fgQ+kt+r ds fy, yM+uk vxj eqlyekuksa
dh ft+Eesnkjh esa vkrk gS rks og [+kqnk ds fy, ftgkn djuk gS tSlk
fd vkt dy fQ+fyLrhu ds eqlyeku vius eqYd ds fy, ;gwfn;ksa
ls ftgkn dj jgs gSa ;g [+kqnk ds fy, ftgkn gSA
cnyk ysus dh dksf”k”kksa ij jger dk lk;k
bl ntsZ esa vt+knkj eklwehu ls d+jhc gksus dh cjdrksa ls
**D;w¡fd ogh rks jger vkSj ekSgCcr dk [+kt+kuk gS**a vkSj iSnkb”kh
ekSgCcr ds lkFk bUlkuh v[+kykd+ ls dkQ+h et+cwr vkSj cqt+qxZ gks
tkrk gS tSlk fd bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds ntksZa ds ckjs esa crk;k tk
pqdk fd bUlku ds vUnj nks pht+sa ikbZ tkrh gSa ,d gSokuh nwljs
bUlkuh ftuesa ls gj ,d dh vyx vyx [k+kfl;rsa gSaA gSokuh ntsZ
esa rks bUlku flQZ+ gSoku gh gksrk gS vkSj ftl rjg gSokuksa dks ,d
nwljs ls ekSgCcr gksrh gS og ml ekSgCcr dh fcuk ij ,d nwljs
dh eqf”dyksa esa enn djrs gSa mlh gSokuh ekSgCcr dh fcuk ij
lPpk vt+knkj
(177)
bUlku Hkh nwljksa dh enn djrs gSa vkSj ijs”kkfu;k¡ nwj djrs gSa ;kuh
;g enn djuk ;k ijs”kkuh nwj djuk mudh gSokuh ekSgCcr dk
vlj gSA
tSls chekjh cnkZ”r djuk] nnZ lguk] t+[+eh gksuk] d+Ry
gksuk vkSj nwljs bUlkuksa ds x+e tks mls ugha gSa vkSj buesa ls dksbZ
,d ijs”kkuh Hkh fdlh bUlku dks gks tkrh gS rks og mldk
eqd+kcyk djrk gS ,sls esa gj bUlku mldh eqlhcr ls nq[kh gksrk gS
vkSj mldh enn ds lkFk dksf”k”k djrk gS fd mlds nq[k nnZ dks
de djs vkSj dHkh dHkh nwljksa dh rdyhQ+ [+kRe ;k de djus ds
fy, viuh iw¡th Hkh [k+pZ djrk gSA bl rjg dh ekSgCcr tkuojksa esa
cgqr ikbZ tkrh gS ;g Hkh cgqr T+;knk ns[kk x;k gS fd dksbZ tkuoj
viuh gSokuh ekSgCcr ds ukrs fdlh bUlku ;k fdlh tkuoj pkgs
og mldk cPpk ;k tksM+k ;k mlh dh rjg gks mls cpkus ds fy,
vius vkidks [+krjs esa Mky nsrk gS exj bl rjg dh ekSgCcr flQZ+
ftLekuh ft+Unxh dks cpkus dh gn rd gksrh gS tks bl nqfu;k dh
ft+Unxh rd lhfer gSA
bUlkuh ntsZ esa bUlku bUlkuh o ges”kxh dh fuxkg vius
vkSj nwljksa ds fy, j[krk gS fQj mldh vius vkils ;k nwljksa ls
ekSgCcr mlh fuxkg ls gksrh gS fd bUlkfu;r ds lkFk ;g fd og
lcls csgrj e[k+ywd+ gS uk fd ,d gSoku gksus ds ukrs fd ftldh
mez vkSj dekykr nksuksa gh lhfer gksrs gSaA
bl fygkt+ ls D;w¡afd bUlku dks [+kqnk dh :g nh xbZ gS rks
fQj og Q+fj”rksa ls c<+dj lcls csgrj e[+kywd+ gS vkSj viuh
lPpk vt+knkj
(178)
bUlkuh o ges”kk dh ft+Unxh fcrkus ds fy, og ufc;ksa vkSj
vklekuh fdrkcksa dk eksgrkt gSA nhu tks nqfu;k ds ml ikyus
okys dh rjQ+ ls ufc;ksa ds t+fj;s vk;k gS fd tks bUlkuksa dk vkSj
nqfu;k dk ekfyd gS ;g ogh nhu gS tks [+kqnk ds vkns”kksa vkSj
d+kuwu dks bdVBk fd;s gq, gS vkSj og bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds rhuksa
ejrcksa ds ukrs cuk;k x;k gS ftlesa bUlkuh fgnk;r dh t+:jr ds
fy, lkrksa rtjcksa dk [+k;ky j[kk x;k gSA
bl fuxkg ls bUlkuh ft+Unxh flQZ+ blh nqfu;k ;k
nqfu;koh pht+ksa rd egnwn ugha gSa cfYd mlds rhu ntsZ gSA ftlesa
nqfu;koh ft+Unxh mldk nwljk ntkZ vkSj mldh ft+Unxh ds chp
dk fgLlk gSA
bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds og ntsZ ;g gSa %&
1- nqfu;k ls igy s2- nqfu;k esa
3- nqfu;k ds ckn ¼vk[+kjr ;k ges”kxh½
bUlku bl nqfu;k esa [+kqnk dh nh gqbZ :g ds lkFk vkdj
dqN le; jgrk gS vkSj fQj og [+kqnk o vk[+kjr vkSj ges”kxh dh
rjQ+ pyk tkrk gS bl fcuk ij bUlku dh ft+Unxh vkSj ft+Unxh
ds dkeksa dk uD+”kk bl rjg curk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(179)
bUlku
nqfu;k ls igys cjt+[k+ ges”kxh dh ft+Unxh
iSnk gksuk ekSr vkSj cjt+[k+ d+;ker
esa iSnk gksuk
nqfu;koh ft+Unxh vk[+kjr
bUlkfu;r ds ukrs tc dksbZ bUlku fdlh bUlku dh lkjh
ckrksa dks lkeus j[krs gq, mldh ft+Unxh ds gj eksM+ ij /;ku
j[kdj vius vkils ;k nwljs ls ekSgCcr djrk gS rks mldh ekSgCcr
flQZ+ nqfu;k rd lhfer ugha jgrh cfYd og ges”kk okyh vkSj
vlhfer gksrh gSA
lgh vt+knkj flQZ+ gSokuh vknr] Hkkouk ds ukrs ;k nqfu;koh
ft+Unxh ds fy, gh ekSgCcr ugha djrk cfYd og rks lcls csgrj
vkSj vPNh o et+cwr ekSgCcr lcls djrk gS pkgs bUlku gks ;k
gSoku] isM+ gksa ;k iRFkj] mlds fy, lkjh phts+ ekSgCCkr o bT+Tk+r ds
d+kfcy gSa cfYd og rks nwljksa dh bUlkuh ft+Unxh ds fy, Hkh blh
rjg iDdh ekSgCcr j[krk gSA
ik¡posa ejrcs esa vt+knkj ,d rjQ+ bUlkfu;r vkSj nwljh rjQ+ nhu
o eklwe jgcjksa ds ukrs ges”kxh vkSj lgh fuxkg ls ns[krk gS vkSj
vius nkSj ds gkykr dh lgh tkudkjh dh fcuk ij bUlkuh
ft+Unxh ds nq”euksa vkSj usdh o vPNkbZ esa jksM+k cuus okyksa dks <ax
lPpk vt+knkj
(180)
ls igpkurk gS rks og bUlkuksa ls bl ges”kxh ekSgCcr dh fcuk ij
mu jksM+ks dks jkLrs ls gVkus ds fy, yM+kbZ Hkh yM+us yxrk gSA
vt+knkj pwafd lkjh pht+ksa ls ges”kxh dh ekSgCcr vkSj fuxkg j[krk
gS blfy, fdlh ls Hkh og t+krh nq”euh ;k yM+kbZ ugha j[krk
mldh yM+kbZ vkSj nq”euh flQZ+ bUlkfu;r vkSj bUlku ls ekSgCCkr
ds fy, gS vkSj bl vPNh ekSgCcr gh dh otg ls og ftgkn ds
uke ls [+kqnk ds fy, [+kqnk ds gqDe ls yM+rk gSA
mldk ftgkn [+kqnk ds fy, gS mlesa fdlh rjg dk t+krh dhuk]
gln] x+qLlk] nkSyr] vksgnk ;k gqdwer dk dksbZ dke ugha gksrkA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh tax dk ed+ln
;gk¡ vt+knkj vius ekSyk beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dk iSjksdkj
gksrk gS vkius ftgkn dh t+:jr vkSj bLyke esa mldh vgeh;r
vkSj viuh tax ds jkt+ksa dks bl rjg crk;k gS &
1-feuk ds eSnku esa lSdM+ksa yksxksa vkSj jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ ds
lgkfc;ksa ds chp vkius Q+jek;k &**vthc ckr gS vkSj vthc D;w¡ u
gks fd bLykeh eqYd] /kksdsckt+ksa vkSj bLykeh VSDl ysus okys
tkfyeksa vkSj eksfeuksa ij fdlh rjg jge u djus okys gkfdeksa ds
paxqy esa gS rks vc bl pht+ dk [+kqnk gh gkfde gS ftlds fy, ge
ijs”kku gSa vkSj ftl ckjs esa ge >xM+ jgs gSa mlesa og gekjh enn
djsxkA
, [+kqnk rw csgrj tkurk gS fd tks dqN geus fd;k gS og gqdwer
dh nkSM+ /kwi vkSj nqfu;k ds csd+her eky ds fy, ugha fd;k Fkk
cfYd rsjs nhu dh fu”kkfu;ksa dks fn[kkus ds fy, fd;k Fkk vkSj rsjh
lPpk vt+knkj
(181)
t+ehu esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy,] rkfd rsjs et+ywe cUns lqdwu ls jg
dj rsjs okftcks lqUur gqDe ij py ldsa vkSj rqe ¼, yksxksa½ vxj
¼bl usd dke esa½ gekjh enn ugha djksxs ;k gekjk lkFk u nksxs rks
t+kfye cgqr tYnh rqEgsa vius paxqy esa ys ysaxs vkSj rqEgkjs iSx+Ecj
ds uwj dks cq>kkus dh dksf”k”k djsaxsA gekjs fy, rks [+kqnk gh cgqr gS
mlij gesa Hkjkslk gS D;w¡fd mlh dh rjQ+ iyVuk gS vkSj vUtke
Hkh mlh ds gkFk gSA
2-vius HkkbZ tukcs ekSgEens gufQ+;k dh HkkbZpkjxh vkSj HkykbZ ds
tokc esa vkius Q+jek;k & **esjs HkkbZ! [+kqnk dh d+le vxj nqfu;k
esa eq>s dgha iukg u feys rc Hkh eSa dHkh Hkh ;t+hn dh cSvr ugha
d:axk D;w¡fd jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ us mlds fy, dgk Fkk ,s [+kqnk
;t+hn dks cjdr vkSj usdh er nsukA
mlds ckn vkius olh;r ukek fy[kdj vius HkkbZ dks fn;k ftlesa
fy[kk Fkk &**eSa euekuh] ljd”kh ;k >xM+s Q+lkn ds fy, vius
oru ls ugha fudyk gw¡ cfYd eSa vius ukuk dh mEer dks lq/kkjus
ds fy, pyk gw¡ vkSj pkgrk gw¡ fd usfd;ksa dk gqDe nwa vkSj cqjkbZ;ksa
ls jksdw¡ rkfd vius ukuk vkSj vius ckck vyh bCus vch rkfyc dh
rjg nhu dh f[+kner d:aA tks Hkh esjh ckr dks tksfd gd+ gS
ekusxk rks [+kqnk gd+ ls lcls T+;knk d+jhc gS vkSj mldk flyk
¼cnyk½ Hkh mlh ds gkFk gS vkSj tks Hkh esjh ckr dks ugha ekusxk rks
eSa tc rd lcz d:axk fd tc rd [+kqnk esjs vkSj mlds chp gd+
dk QSlyk u dj ns cs”kd ogh gd+ dk Q+Slyk djus okyk gSA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(182)
3-vkius dbZ ckj gqj vkSj mldh Q+kSt ls bl rjg Q+jek;k&**esjk
gky rqe ns[k jgs gks D;k gks x;k nqfu;k us eq¡g Qsj fy;k vkSj
mldh vPNkbZ;ksa us eqg eksM+ fy;k vkSj cgqr rst+h ls xqt+j jgh gS
vkSj mlesa ekfuUn crZu dh ryNV ds flok dqN Hkh ugha jg x;k
gS vkSj og Hkh cgqr uhp ft+Unxh gS tSls ,d l[+r vkSj [k+rjukd
pjkxkgA D;k rqe ugha ns[krs fd og gd+ ij ugha gS vkSj ckfry ls
ihNs ugha gV jgs\ bu ckrksa ij eksfeuksa dks [+kqnk ls eqykd+kr ;kuh
“kgknr dk “kkSd+hu gksuk pkfg, D;w¡fd esjh ut+j esa ,slh ekSr]
“kgknr o usdh gS vkSj t+kfyeksa ds lkFk ft+Unk jguk ft+Yyr o
#lokbZ gSA**
**lp rks ;g gS fd yksx nqfu;k ds iqtkjh gSa nhu mudh t+cku ij
cstku vkSj det+ksj pht+ tSlk gS vkSj og mlds vkxs ihNs flQZ+
ml oD+r rd jgrs gSa fd tc rd nqfu;k muds lkFk gS vkSj tc
fdlh eqlhcr dk f”kdkj gks tkrs gSa rks nhunkjh de jg tkrh gSA**
blh rjg Q+jekrs gSa **,s yksxksa vxj rqe [+kqnk ls Mjks vkSj gd+ okyksa
dk gd+ igpkuksa rks ;g [+kqnk dks [+kq”k djus okyh ckr gS ge uch
ds ,gyscSr mu >wBs nkosnkjksa ls T+;knk f[+kykQr ¼gqdwer½ ds
gd+nkj gSa tks rqeij t+qYeksa flre djrs jgrs gSa vxj rqe gels [+kq”k
ugha gks vkSj gd+ dks ugha igpkurs gks vkSj rqEgkjh lksp mlls
gVdj dqN vkSj gS tks rqeus gesa vius [+krksa esa fy[kk Fkk vkSj rqEgkjs
[+kr ykus okyksa us dgk Fkk rks eSa okil tk jgk gw¡A
vkius ;g Hkh Q+jek;k **eSa og ugha gw¡ tks ekSr ls Mj tkÅa gj og
ekSr tks bT+Tk+r gkfly djus vkSj gd+ dks ft+Unk djus esa vk;s
lPpk vt+knkj
(183)
fdruh vklku gS] bLyke dh bT+T+kr ds fy, ej tkuk ges”kk dh
ft+Unxh ikuk gS vkSj ft+Yyr ds lkFk thuk ml ekSr ds flok dqN
ugha ftlesa ft+Unxh dk dksbZ uke u gksA D;k rw eq>s ekSr ls Mjkrk
gS\ ;g dHkh ugha gks ldrk rsjk fu”kkuk mYVk vkSj rsjh lksp x+yr
gks xbZA eSa og ugha gw¡ tks ekSr ls Mj tkÅa esjh :g vkSj fgEer
blls dgha T+;knk cqyUn gS fd eSa ekSr ls Mjdj vkSj t+qYe lgdj
ft;w¡ D;k rqe eq>s d+Ry djus ls T+;knk dqN vkSj dj ldrs gks\
[+kqnk ds fy, d+Ry gksuk fdruk vPNk gS rqe esjh bT+Tk+r vt+er
vkSj cqt+qxhZ dks [+kRe ugha dj ldrs rks fQj eq>s d+Ry gks tkus dk
D;k MjA vkius ;g Hkh Q+jek;k fd tks Hkh fdlh t+kfye ckn”kkg
¼gkfde½ dks ns[ks fd og [+kqnk ds gjke dks gyky tkurk gks vkSj
[+kqnk ds okns dks rksM+rk gks] jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ dh lqUurksa dh
eq[+kkyQ+r djds [+kqnk ds cUnks ds chp xqukg vkSj cqjh ckrksa dk
pyu djrk gks vkSj og ns[kus okyk vxj viuh ckrksa ;k dkeksas ls
mldks u cnys rks [+kqnk mldks Hkh mlh t+kfye ckn”kkg ds vt+kc
esa fxj¶+rkj djsxkA
[+kcjnkj og yksx “kSrku ds x+qyke vkSj [+kqnk dh brkvr dks
NksM+dj rckgh ds jkLrs ij vk x;s gSa [+kqnk ds gqDe dks NksM+dj
cSrqy eky ¼bLyke ds [+kt+kus½ dks vius d+Ct+s esa fd;s gq, gSa gjkes
[+kqnk dks gyky vkSj gykys [+kqnk dks gjke dj jgs gSa vkSj lcls
T+;knk esjs fy, t+:jh gS fd eSa cspSu gksdj muds eqd+kcys ds fy,
mB [kM+k gw¡A
lPpk vt+knkj
(184)
rqEgkjs [+kr Hkh esjs ikl vk;s vkSj rqEgkjs Hksts gq, yksx Hkh yxkrkj
esjs ikl vk;s fd rqeus viuh cSvr ls eq>s nq”euksa ds lqiqnZ ugha
fd;kA blls eq>s dksbZ Q+k;nk ugha gqvk u eSa vkt+kn gqvk vxj rqe
viuh cSvr ij ckd+h jgrs rks dke;kch dks igq¡prs eSa gqlSu bCus
vyh ¼v-l-½ tks Q+krsek fcUrs jlwy dk csVk gw¡ vkt Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk
gw¡ cfYd esjs ,gyscSr Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk gSa eSa rks rqEgkjs fy, uewuk gw¡A
4-vkius vius vk[+kjh oD+r esa [+kqnk ls bl rjg equktkr dh **,s
[+kqnk! rsjh ekSgCcr esa eq>s lRrj gt+kj ejrck d+Ry gksdj ft+Unk
gksuk xokjk gS [+kkldj tcfd tc esjs d+Ry gksus ls nhu dks enn]
et+gc dks ft+Unxh vkSj nhu dh cqfu;knksa dh fgQ+kt+r gks jgh gks
fQj eSa vkys ekSgEen ds tokuksa vkSj nksLrksa ds “kghn gksus ds ckn
ft+Unxh ls cst+kj gks x;k gw¡A
5-bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dks vius ed+keksa eaft+Ykr dk cgqr T+;knk
,glkl Fkk tks fd [+kqnk us mudks vkSj muds ,gyscSr dks fn;k Fkk
;kuh jlwys [+kqnk dh tku”khuh vkSj yksxksa ij gqdwer vkSj bl vksgns
ij d+Ct+k fd;s tkus ij fd tks bLykeh gqDe dks [+kjkc vkSj [+kRe
djus tSlk gS mldks ,d cM+h eqlhcr tkurs Fks blhfy, tc
eko;k ej x;k rks oyhn tks enhus dk gkfde Fkk mlus bekes
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls ;t+hn iyhn dh cSvr dk loky fd;k bCus t+qcSj
us vkils iwNk fd vxj vkidks ;t+hn dh cSvr ds fy, cqyk;k
tk;s rks D;k djsaxs\ rks vkius mlds tokc esa Q+jek;k **eSa dHkh Hkh
mldh cSvr ugha d:axk] d;w¡fd vius HkkbZ glu ¼v-l-½ ds ckn
foyk;r dk eSa vkSgnsnkj g¡w eko;k us viuk dke dj fy;k mlus
lPpk vt+knkj
(185)
esjs HkkbZ ls oknk fd;k Fkk fd og vius ckn f[+kykQ+r dks vius
csVksa dks ugha nsxk vkSj eSa ft+Unk jgk rks og eq> ij NksM+ nsxk vc
og nqfu;k ls pyk x;k exj vius okns dks iwjk ugha fd;k [+kqnk dh
d+le esjs fy, og eqlhcr [kM+h dj nh ftlls dHkh lqdwu ugha
feysxk] vcw cdj /;ku ns D;k eSa ;t+hn dh cSvr d:¡ tcfd og
,Slk Q+kfld+ gS tks [kqYye [kqYyk xqukg djrk gks] “kjkc ihrk gks]
dqRrksa vkSj cUnjksa ls [ksyrk gks vkSj vkys ekSgEen ls nq”euh j[krk
gks] [+kqnk dh d+le eSa mldh cSvr dj gh ugha ldrkA
6-vkius enhus ds gkfde dks f[+krkc djds Q+jek;k&**,S gkfde eSa
,gyscSrs uqcqOor vkSj fjlkyr dh [kku] Q+fj”rksa ds vkus tkus dh
txg vkSj [+kqnk dh jger dh txg gw¡ [+kqnk us gels gh nhu dks
“kq: fd;k vkSj ge ij gh [+kRe djsxkA ;t+hn Q+kfld+] “kjkc ihus
okyk] usd yksxksa dk d+kfry vkSj [kqYye [kqYyk xqukg djus okyk
gS eq> tSlk ml tSls dh cSvr dHkh Hkh ugha dj ldrk ysfdu rqe
Hkh lqcg rd lkspks esa Hkh lksprk gw¡ fQj eSa Hkh vkSj rqe Hkh bUrst+kj
djsa rkfd ns[ksa fd ge esa dkSu gS tks jlwys [kqnk ¼l-v-½ dh
f[+kykQ+r vkSj cSvr dk gd+nkj gS\** fQj vkius ;g Hkh Q+jek;k
**vcw lqQ+;ku ds csVksa ds fy, f[+kykQ+r gjke gS fygkt+k eSa ml
[k+kunku dh cSvr dSls dj ldrk gw¡ fd ftlds fy, jlwys [+kqnk us
;g ckr dgh gks\**
7-vkius ejoku fcu gde ds tokc esa tks vkils ;t+hn dh cSvr
ekax jgk Fkk Q+jek;k bUuk fyYykg o bUuk bySgs jktsÅu bl fcuk
ij rks bLyke dks [+kqnk gkfQ+t+ dgrk gw¡ fd mEers bLykeh ;t+hn
lPpk vt+knkj
(186)
tSls gkfde ds paxqy esa Qal xbZ gS vkSj ;g Hkh Q+jek;k fd **,
nq”eus [+kqnk eq>ls nwj gks tk! eSa ,gyscSrs jlwys [kqnk ¼l-v-½ gw¡ vkSj
gd+ ge gh essa gS tks gekjh gh t+cku ij tkjh gksrk gS eSaus jlwys
[+kqnk ¼l-v½ ls lquk gS vkius Q+jek;k fd vcq lqQ+;ku ds [k+kunku]
vkt+kn fd;s gq, x+qykeksa vkSj mudh vkSykn ij f[k+ykQ+r gjke gSA
vxj eko;k dks esjs feEcj ij ns[kks rks mldk isV QkM+ nks **[+kqnk
dh d+le enhus okyksa us mls esjs ukuk ds feEcj ij ns[kk ysfdu
esjs ukuk ds gqDe ij u pys] blhfy, [+kqnk us mlds csVs ;t+hn dks
muij eqlYyr dj fn;k [+kqnk vkx esa muds vt+kc dks vkSj
c<+k;sA**
8-jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ dh choh tukcs mEes lyek bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½
ls Q+jekrh gSa **esjs csVs bjkd+ tkdj eq>s nq[kh u djks D;w¡fd eSaus
rqEgkjs ukuk ls lquk gS fd esjk gqlSu bjkd+ esa djcyk dh t+ehu
ij “kghn dj fn;k tk;sxkA** rks beke us Q+jek;k&**ukuh tku!
[+kqnk dh d+le eSa bls tkurk gw¡ fd eSa csdlh vkSj csnnhZ ls “kghn
fd;k tkÅaxk vkSj blls dksbZ cpko ugha [+kqnk dh d+le eSa rks ml
fnu dks fd ftl fnu eq>s d+Ry fd;k tk;sxk vkSj vius d+kfry
dks] tgk¡ eq>s nQ+u fd;k tk;sxk ml txg dks] ;kuh gj ,d dks
tkurk gw¡ blh rjg esjs ,gyscSr] nksLr vkSj pkgus okys tks d+Ry
fd;s tk,saxs mudks Hkh tkurk gw¡A
Ukkuh tku! vxj vki esjh d+cz o jkSts+ dh txg ns[kuk pkgrh gksa
rks eSa fn[kk ldrk gw¡ **vkius ;g Hkh Q+jek;k ukuh tku [+kqnk dh
et+hZ gS fd eq>s t+qYekas tksj ds lkFk “kghn fd;k tk; vkSj lj
lPpk vt+knkj
(187)
dkVk tk;s fQj esjs ,gyscSr] esjs d+jhch fj”krsnkjksa] esjh vkSjrkas dks
vius ?kjkas ls vlhj djds nwj ys tk;xsa blh rjg cPpksa ds lj
dVsaxs ;k og t+athjkas es tdMs gksaxs vkSj enn ek¡x jgs gkasxs exj
dksbZ enn djuas okyk u gksxkA
9-tc vki eDds ls djcyk dks jokuk gks jgs Fks ml oD+r Q+jek;k
** lkjh rkjhQ+as ml [+kqnk ds fy, fd tks og pkgrk gS gks tkrk gS
mlds cx+Sj dqN ugha gks ldrk yksxkas ds xys esa ekSr bl rjg
iM+h gqbZ gS tSls yM+fd;kas ds xys eas ekyk iM+h gksrh gS vkSj eaS vius
cqt+qxkasZ ls feyus dks blh rjg cspSu jgrk g¡w tSls tukcs ;kd+wc
;wlqQ+ dks ns[kus dks cspSu jgrs Fks mUgksus eq>s “kghn djus fd txg
NkWV j[kh gS ftls eSa etcwju ns[kwaaxk ;kfu ykyph HksfM+;kas dks
djcyk ds taxy eas ns[kawxk fd tks vius [k+kyh isV ds tgUue dks
esjs ftLe ds vyx vyx t+[eh fgLlks ls Hkj jgs gkasxs eq>s bl ls
dksbZ bUdkj ugha gS fd tks [+kqnk us esjs ulhc esa fy[kk gS D;¡wafd
[+kqnk dk [+kq”k gksuk gh ge vgyscSrs uch dk [+kq”k gksuk gS mldh
gj eqlhcr ij ge “kqdz djrs gS D;¡wfd og ges lcz djus ij iwjk
iwjk cnyk nsxk jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ dh vkSykn dHkh Hkh mlls vyx
u gksxh og gje es mlls d+jhc gksrs gSa og Hkh mudks viuh fuxkg
es d+jhc le>rk gS vkSj muds fy, vius fd, gq, okns dks iwjk
djsxk tks Hkh gekjs fy, ¼;kfu [+kqnk ds fy,½ viuk [+kwu cgk;sxk
vkSj vius vki dks [+kqnk ds d+jhc djuk pkgs og gekjs lkFk pys
fd dy [+kqnk dh et+hZ ls ge gh lkFk pyus okys gkasxssA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(188)
10-lS ;n bCus rkÅl bekes tkQ+js lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ ls fjok;r fy[krs
gSa **ekSgEen bCus gufQ+;k us ml jkr bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds ikl
vkdj dgk fd ftldh lqcg vki eDds ds fy, fudyus okys Fks
HkkbZ tku vki vius okfyn vkSj HkkbZ ds ckjs esa dwfQ+;ksa dh
eDdkfj;ksa dks tkurs gaS eq>s Mj gS fd vkids lkFk Hkh dgha ogh
lqywd u gksA vxj vki equkflc le>sa arks eDds esa gh #d tk;sa
fd ogk¡ vki lqdwu ls egQ+wt+ jgsaxsA rks vkius Q+jek;k **HkkbZ! eq>s
Mj gS fd ;t+hn bCus eko;k gje ¼eDds½ gh esa esjk [+kwu u cgk ns
ftlls [k+ku,s dkck dk ,grsjke [k+Re gks tk;sxk** rks mUgksaus dgk
fd vxj ,slk gS rks jkr ds oD+r ;eu ;k mlds vkl ikl fdlh
xqeuke taxy esa pys tk;sa tgk¡ vki fgQ+kt+r ls jg ldsaxs vkSj
fdlh dks irk Hkh ugha pysxk rks vkius Q+jek;k eSa bl ckjs esa
lkspwaxk lqcg losjs beke eDds ls fudys tSls gh ekSgEens gufQ+;k
dks irk pyk Q+kSju og vk;s vkSj beke ds Å¡V dh fegkj idM+
dj dgk fd HkkbZ tku vkius rks Q+jek;k Fkk fd eSa bl ckjs esa
lkspwaxk\ rks vkius Q+jek;k *th* rks mUgksaus dgk rks fQj bruh
tYnh D;w¡ pyus yxsA vkius Q+jek;k *fd tc vki pys x;s rks
jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ us eq>ls vkdj dgk fd csVk gqlSu! Pkyks fd
[+kqnk rqedks “kghn ns[kuk pkgrk gS** ekSgEens gufQ+;k us dgk fd
bUuk fyYykg o bUuk bySgs jktsÅu vxj ,slk gh gS rks fQj bu
vkSjrksa dks D;w¡ lkFk fy, tkrs gSa\ Q+jek;k jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½
Q+jekrs gSa fd **[+kqnk budks vlhj ¼d+Snh½ ns[kuk pkgrk gSA**
lPpk vt+knkj
(189)
11-tc vkidks jkLrs esa vius jt+kbZ vkbZ vkSj eqfLye bCus vd+hy o
gkuh bCus vjok dh “kgknr dh [+kcj feyh rks vkius Q+jek;k **og
yksx tks ryokj dh /kkj vkSj usts+ ds t+[+e dks lgu dj ldsa og
rks esjs lkFk jgs ckd+h iyV tk;saA**
12-jkst+s vk”kwjk nq”eu ds y”dj ls bl rjg Q+jek;k **[k+cjnkj
ft+uk t+kns dk csVk ft+uk t+knk eq>s ryokjksa vkSj ft+Yyr ds chp
[khap yk;k gSA vQ+lksl ckrsa vkSj eSa! vQ+lksl fd eSa ftYyr
cjnk”r d:¡! [k+qnk] jlwy] eksesuhu] ikdnkeu yksx] usd “kjhQ+] tks
gekjh iSjoh djrs gSa ;g lc dHkh Hkh esjs fy, bls ilUn ugha djsaxs
D;w¡fd bu uhp yksxksa dh iSjoh cqt+qxksZa dh d+Ryxkg ij Hkkjh iM+sxh
tku yks fd eSa bu FkksM+s ls lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk gh rqe <sjksa nq”euksa ls
tax d:axkA
th gk¡ lPpk vt+knkj ftgkn vkSj vius dkeksa esa bekes gqlSu vkSj
muds ed+ln dk iSjksdkj gksrk gSA
ftgkn dh Hkkouk u gksusa ls [k+rjs
,gyscSr vkSj lkjs ufc;ksa us ges”kk cM+h cM+h eqlhcrsa mBkbZ
rkfd [+kqnk ds nhu ds lkFk bUlkuksa dh lgh ft+Unxh dks cpk;k tk
lds fygkt+k tc Hkh bUlkuh ft+Unxh ;k [+kqnk ds nhu ij dksbZ
[+krjk eaMjkrk gS rks nhunkj] lPps eksfeu bUlkuksa dks mlls futkr
fnykus dh gj rjg ls dksf”k”k djrs gSaA
tks yksx bLyke esa ftgkn ds d+kuwu ij maxyh mBkrs gSa
vkSj mls tq+Ye tkurs gS og u rks bUlkuh ft+Unxh j[krs gSa u gh
mldh vgeh;r tkurs gSa vkSj csodwQ+h ls Hkjk vd+hnk ;g gS fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(190)
ge flQZ+ nqfu;koh ft+Unxh gh dh vgeh;r ds d+k;y jgsa vkSj vxj
mldh fdlh pht+ ls [+krjk ekywe gks rks mldks nwj djsa cfYd mls
feVk nsa ysfdu vxj dksbZ pht+ bUlkuksa dh bUlkuh ft+Unxh ;k
mudh ges”kk dh usdh esa vkM+s vk;s rks mlls yM+uk tq+Ye gSA
tcfd ftl rjg bUlkuksa vkSj nwljs tkunkjkas dh futh vkSSj gSokuh
ft+Unxh dks uqd+lku ig¡qpkuk t+qYe gS blh rjg mudh bUlkuh vkSj
ges”kk dh ft+Unxh dks uqd+lku ig¡qpkuk Hkh t+qYe vkSj [k+;kur gS
cfYd ;g t+qYe rks bUlkuks vkSj tkuojks dh vke ft+Unxh dks
uqd+lku igq¡pkus ls Hkh T+;knk l[+r gS th gk¡ nhu dks cpkus ds fy,
ftgkn djuk flQ+Z ,d bUlkuh d+k;ns dk vkSj vPNk dke gh ugh
gS cfYd ;g rks okftc dke gS fd vxj mldh :g ej tk; rks
mldk eryc ;g gqvk fd mles bUlkuhr dh #g Hkh ej pqdh gS
vkSj og ges”kk ckd+h jgus okyh usdh ls cgqr nwj gSA
okLro es ftgkn dh Hkkouk dk u gksuk gj rjg ds tq+Ye]
ft+;knrh dh rkbZn gS tks #gs bUlkuh ls fdlh rjg esy ugh [kkrh
blhfy, jlwys vdje ¼l-v-½ tks jger ds iSXk+Ecj vkSj d+qjku ds
ukrs lkjs vkye ds fy, jger gS mUgksus mlds fy, Q+jek;k fd
ftles ftgkn dh Hkkouk ugh ik;h tkrh **tks Hkh bl rjg ejs fd
u mlus fdlh tax eas f”kjdr fd gS u tax dh fpUrk gks rks og
fuQ+kd+ dh fdlh ,d Mky ij ejrk gSA
nwljs y¶+t+kas es bl rjg dk bUlku lPpk eksfeu gh ugha gS
D;w¡fd ftgkn gh gS ftlls nhu lekt vkSj yksxks ds veu pSu dh
fgQ+kt+r dh tk ldrh gS vkSj ftldks yksxks ds veu pSu ;k
lPpk vt+knkj
(191)
mudh nqfu;k o vk[k+jr dh usfd;ksa dh fpark u gks og u lgh
bUlku gS u lPpk eksfeu gS blhfy, gekjk ekuuk gS fd vt+knkjh
tks bekkes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds nq”keu [k+kldj bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds
nq”keuks ls cnyk ysus dh #g gS vkSj jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ ds Q+jekus
ds eqrkfcd+ ftgkn dh fpUrk u j[kus okyk flQ+Z lPpk vkSj iDdk
vt+knkj ugh gks ldrk cfYd og rks equkfQ+d+ks dk ,d fgLlk gSA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys ls gd+hd+h vt+knkj
dk ukrk
tc vt+knkj dks bl lPpkbZ dk irk py x;k fd bekes
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk vkids gd+hd+h cnyk ysus okys ds
t+gwj ds cx+Sj ugh fy;k tk ldrk rks eqlhcrs vt+he dh otg ls
tks tkudkjh vkSj nq[k mlds fny es iSnk gks tkrs gS og mls iwjh
rjg bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ dh rjQ+ >qdk nsrs gaS vkSj ekSgCcr o
tkudkjh ;g nksuks ckras vt+knkj dks ges”kk bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ dh
;kn fnykrh jgrh gSa vkSj ;g gEks”kk dk ukrk ml vt+knkj dks bl
ckr ij mHkkjrk gS fd og bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ fd vt+er vkSj
muds ckjs eas viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ks dks tkus vkSj bl tkudkjh ds ckn
mldks vkSj c<+kok ns rks vt+knkj ml cM+s vkSj vge ntZs ij igq¡p
ldrk gS fd ftl rd ,d bUlku dk ig¡qpuk eqefdu gS vkSj ml
cMs+ ntsZ dk uke gS ¼bUrst+kj½A
bl ntsZ es bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ls ekSgCcr vkSj mudh
f[kner dh Hkkouk ml vt+knkj dks vius ?ksjs es ys ysrh gS fd tks
lPpk vt+knkj
(192)
vc eqUrft+j dgk tk ldrk gS fd fQj beke ls ukrk j[kus vkSj
mudks [+kq”k j[kus **tks fd [+kqnk dks [+kq”k djuk gS** blds flok
mlds thus dk vkSj dksbZ ed+ln ugha gksrk vkSj og bl lPpkbZ dks
tku ysrk gS fd nqfu;k fd lkjh ijs”kkfu;ka pkgs eqlhcrsa gkas ;k
t+qYe] uk bUlkQ+h gks ;k ywVekj vkSj >xM+k ftl ls lekt ijs”kku
gS ;g flQ+Z bekes eklwe fd x+Scr fd otg ls gSA mls viuh t+kr
vkSj nqfu;k ds lHkh bUlkuks ls tks ekSgCcr gS [k+kldj bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ls tks ekSgCcr vkSj yxko gS vkSj beke ds fy, viuh
[k+kl ft+Eesnkfj;kas dk ,glkl gS bl otg ls ftgkn ds ntsZ es
“kkfey gks tkrk gSA
vc mldk ;g usd dke vkSj ftgkn ,d vPNs ed+ln ds
lkFk gS D;¡wfd og bl lgh urhts ij ig¡qp pqdk gS fd bcknr ;k
dksbZ Hkh f[k+ner cx+Sj bLykeh ed+ln ds dkQ+h ugh gS cfYd gj
og bcknr ;k f[k+ner ftls bLyke ds fy, fd;k tk; mu lcdk
,d usd ed+ln gksuk t+:jh gS vkSj og ed+ln gS [+kqnk ds [k+yhQk
dh rjQ+ c<+uk vkSj muls et+cwrh ds lkFk tqM+uk rks fQj og usd
dkeksa ;k ,d rjg fd bLykeh f[k+ner gh dks dkQh ugh le>rk
gSZ cfYd og tks Hkh usd dke djrk gS ;k bLyke vkSj eqlyekuks
dh f[k+ner djrk gS rks mles ,d [k+kl #g vkSj [k+kl ed+ln
;kfu **#gs bUrst+kj** vkSj **ml bUrst+kj esa f[k+ners bLyke gS**A
bl rjg mldh gj ,d fl;klh] lekth] bcknrh] #gkuh
vkSj bYeh dkjdjnxh dk flQ+Z ,d ed+ln gks tkrk gS tks gj
gd+hd+h vt+knkj vkSj bUrst+kjs beke djus okys dk gksuk pkfg;s fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(193)
og beke ds vkSj mudh nqfu;k ij gqdwer dh dksf”k”k djrk jgrk
gS vkSj ftl dke dk ed+ln ;g uk gks og mlds] lekt ds] [+kqnk
ds eklwehu vkSj bLykeks eqlyeku ds fy, [k+;kur gS D;w¡fd [+kqnk
o jlwy dk ne Hkjuk vkSj :gs bLyke o ed+lns nhu ds cx+Sj dqN
t+kfgjh bcknrks vkSj et+gch dkeks es e”kx+wy jguk vkSj [+kqnk dh
gqTtr vkSj [k+yhQk ls yxko u j[kuk “kSrku ls /kksdk [kkuk vkSj
uqd+lku mBkus ds flok dqN ugha gS og bLyke dh ftles [+kqnk dh
gqTtr ds ckjs es mu ft+Eesnkfj;kas dks NksM+ fn;k tk; fd tks gekjs
fy, csgn t+:jh gS rks ;g lPpk bLykes ekSgEenh ugha gS cfYd
bl bLyke dk ukrk vejhdk vkSj “kSrku ds tky vkSj /kksds ckt+h
ls gS t+kfyeks vkSj “kSrkuks dh gqdwer esa jgus okys bLyke dk
urhtk ;g gqvk fd ykSx lSdMks lky ls vius bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½
ls cs [k+cj gSa vkSj mUgksus mudks et+ywfe;r] ijs”kkuh] nq[k eas
vdsyk NksM+ j[kk gSA
t+qgwj ges”kk ds fy, eqlhcrs vkt+e dk [k+kRkek vkSj nqfu;k ij
eklwe dh gqdwer
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ tks fd rsjg eklwehu cfYd lkjs uch
vkSj [+kqnk ds ofy;ksa dh et+ywfe;r ds okfjl gaS ogh mu lkjs
tq+Yeksa dks [+kRe djsaxs tks vkids cqt+qxksZ a vkidh nknh vkSj nqfu;k ds
cgqr ls yksxksa ij <k;s x;sa gSa tSlk fd vkids **tn** nknk beke
tkQ+js lkfnd¼v-l-½ dk Q+jeku gSA **[+kqnk esjh vkSykn ls ,d csVk
,Slk cuk,xk tks ge ,gyscSr ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysxk** muds vkus
lPpk vt+knkj
(194)
ls gj rjg dh et+ywfe;r] HkVduk] ftgkyr vkSj x+eksa xq+Lls dh
txg vnkyr] fgnk;r vkSj [+kq”kh gh [+kq”kh gksxhA
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds t+gwj ds ckn [+kqnk ds nq”eu feV
tk;saxs vkSj nqfu;k ij [+kqnk ds nhu vkSj eklwe jgcj dh gqdwer
vkSj jgcjh dk flyflyk “kq: gks tk;sxkA
vYykek rckrckbZ us bl ckjs esa Q+jek;k fd &**jtvr**
beke ds t+ekuk ds ckjs esa fjok;rksa esa gS fd nqfu;k dh mez ,d
yk[k lky gksxh ftlesa ls vLlh gt+kj lky vkys ekSgEen dh
gqdwer gksxh vkSj chl gt+kj lky nwljksa dhA**
d+qjku bl ckjs esa ;g c”kkjr nsrk gS fd **vkSj gekjk bjknk
;g gS fd t+ehu esa tks yksx t+qYe dh otg ls det+ksj gks x;s gSa
muij ,glku djsa vkSj mUgha dks jgcj vkSj t+ehu dk okfjl
cuk,saA**
D;k ge ;g nkok dj ldrs gSa fd ge ,gyscSr ds lPps
pkgus okys vkSj lPps vt+knkj gSa tcfd ge vkys ekSgEen dh
gqdwer ds fy, dksbZ nkSM+ /kwi ugha djrs gSa vkSj blh rjg eqlhcrs
vkt+e ij jkt+h gSaA
eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls cM+h eqlhcr½ ij jkt+h jguk Hkh xqukg gS
Åij ;g fy[kk tk pqdk fd nhus [+kqnk tks [+kqnk dks ,d
crkrk gS ogh gekjh ft+Unxh dk jkt+ gS ftlds cxS+j ge ,d yk”k
ds cjkcj gSa vkSj eklwe beke vkSj jgcj ftudks [+kqnk us nhu ykxw
djus ds fy, Hkstk gS og gh nhu ds ckd+h jgus ds ft+EEksnkj gSaA
beke ds cx+Sj dksbZ nhu ugah vkSj nhu ds cx+Sj dksbZ ft+Unxh ughaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(195)
ft+;kjrs okjslk esa mu yksxks ij ykur dh xbZ gS fd tks
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh eqlhcrs vt+he ij jkt+h jgsa rks fQj eqlhcrs
vkt+e ij jkt+h jguk rks vkSj Hkh cM+k xqukg vkSj tqeZ gS vkSj tks
yksx beke eklwe ds u gksus dh otg ls xS+j eklwe dh gqdwer vkSj
uwjs [+kqnk ls vius dks nwj gksus ij [+kq”k vkSj jkt+h gksa vkSj x+Sj eklwe
dh rkbZn djrs gksa vkSj [+kqnk ds nhu ds flok fdlh vkSj nhu ls
[+kq”k jgrs gks og cgqr cM+s eywu vkSj uQ+jr ds gd+nkj gSaA
fygkt+k eqlhcrs vkt+e **lcls cM+h eqlhcr** ij jkt+h jguk
cgqr cM+k xqukg gS vkSj tks Hkh eklwe ds u gkssus vkSj lekt ij
gqdwer u djus ds lkFk yksxksa ds uwjs fgnk;r ls eg:e gksus ij
jkt+h gksa vkSj x+Sj eklwe dh fgek;r djrs gkas] [+kqnk ds nhu ds flok
fdlh nwljs nhu dks vPNk le>rs gksa rks og Hkh cgqr cM+s eywu gSaA
gd+hd+h vt+knkj dks viuh tkudkjh dh otg ls irk jgrk
gS fd tc rd lPpk bUrst+kj djus okyk lgha <ax ls beke dk
bUrst+kj uk djsxk rc rd og lPpk vt+knkj vkSj bekes gqlSu ¼v-
l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okyk ugh cu ldrkA cfYd blls
c<+dj ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd vxj og beke ds t+gwj vkSj mlesa
vkus okyh :dkoVks dks nwj u djsa rks og beke ij t+qYe djus
okyksa esa “kkfey jgsxk D;w¡fd bekes t+ekuk dks vdsyk NksM+uk beke
gqlSu¼v-l-½ dks dwQ+s okyksa dh rjg vdsyk NksM+us ds cjkcj gSaA
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds fy, cspSu vkSj nq[kh u gksuk [kqyk
gqvk t+qYe vkSj csoQ+kbZ gS ftldh beke dks f”kdk;r vkSj rdyhQ+
lPpk vt+knkj
(196)
gS ;gh otg gS fd vki vkt rd insZ esa gSa vkSj beke gqlSu¼v-l-½
o nwljs eklwehu ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus esa nsjh gks jgh gSA
tSlk fd Åij xqt+jk fd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ us yxHkx
,d gt+kj lky igys “ks[+keqQ+hn¼v-j½ dks ,d [+kr esa fy[kk Fkk fd
eSa vius f”k;ksa dh nks dfe;ksa dh otg ls tYnh t+qgwj ugha dj
ldrk 1- mudh csoQ+kbZ 2- tq+gwj dh :dkoVksa dks gVkus ds fy,
dksf”k”k u djukA
blhfy, ,Sls f”k;k fd ftUgksaus vius t+ekus ds beke ds
fy, viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa esa deh dks rks og Hkh mu yksxksa esa “kkfey
gaS ftUgksaus vkidks rdyhQ+ igq¡pkbZ gS vkSj beke us [+kqn bl rjg
ds yksxksa dh f”kdk;r c;ku dh gSA
**cs”kd csod+wQ+ vkSj tkfgy f”k;ksa dk nhu ePNj ds ij ds
cjkcj Hkh vgeh;r ugha j[krk cfYd mlls Hkh gesa rdyhQ+ igqaprh
gSA** vt+knkjs gd+hd+h dHkh Hkh ;g ugha pkgsxk fd mls bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ dks ijs”kku djus okyk dgk tk;s vkSj mu yksxksa esa
fxuk tk;s tks beke ds t+qgwj esa :dkoVsa Mkyrs gSa vkidh vt+er
dks igpkuus vkSj muds ckjs esa tks gekjh ft+Eesnkfj;ka gSa muesa deh
djus dh otg gh gS fd ge dHkh Hkh vkids tq+gwj dh reUuk ugha
djrs vkSj u gh vkids nq”euksa vkSj t+qgwj dh :dkoVksa dks [+kRe
djus dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa ,d rjg ls ge Hkh muds lkFk “kjhd gks
tkrs gSa fd ftUgksaus beke dks [+kqnk ds fn, gq, vksgns ls vyx dj
fn;k gSA [+kqnk u [kkLrk mldh ykur ds gd+nkj Hkh gks ldrs gSa
gk¡ gk¡ vxj ge ;g u pkgsa fd beke dk t+qgwj gks vkSj muds tq+gwj
lPpk vt+knkj
(197)
ds fy, dksf”k”k Hkh u djsa rks eywu gSa vxj tq+gwj esa FkksM+h lh nsjh
Hkh pkgsa vkSj vkids cnys fdlh vkSj dh gqdwer dks ilUn djsa pkgs
,d flfdUM ds fy, D;w¡ u gks rks [+kqnk vkSj ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk esa
ykur djus okys lHkh yksxksa dh ykur ds gd+nkj gksaxs D;w¡fd geus
vius t+ekus ds beke ij lcls cM+k tq+Ye fd;k gSA
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds fy, lPps vt+knkj dh ft+Eesnkfj;ka
lPpk vt+knkj vPNh rjg tkurk gS fd ,gyscSr ds fy,
vt+knkjh vkSj lksxokjh muds ckjs esa gekjh cM+h cM+h ft+Eesnkfj;ksa esa
ls ,d NksVh lh ft+Eesnkjh gS vkSj cM+h ft+Eesnkjh ;g gS fd ge
djcyk esa fn;s x;s lcd+ dks vPNh rjg le>sa vkSj ml ij ikcUn
jgsaA viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk djuk ml lcd+ esa ls gS tks ,d
lPPks vt+knkj us vk”kwjk ls lh[kk gS og vius vkidks bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ ds ckjs esa ft+Eesnkj vkSj tokc ns tkurk gSA ftl rjg
d+qjkus ethn esa gS fd gj fdlh dks mlds bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds
lkFk cqyk;k tk;sxkA
lPPkk vt+knkj vPNh rjg tkurk gS fd og vdsyk Hkh
[+kqnk ds lkeus bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds ckjs esa viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa ds
fy, tokcns gSA blhfy, og viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk djus esa
fdlh dk bUrst+kj ugh ns[krk og fdlh vUtqeu] efLtn]
bekeckjxkg ;k vkfyeksa dk bUrst+kj Hkh ugha djrkA og vdsyk gh
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dks x+Scr] vdsykiu vkSj cspSuh ls fudkyus ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(198)
fy, dksf”k”k djrk gS og djcyk ds “kghnksa dh rjg dksf”k”k djrk
gS fd ftUgksaus vius de gksus ij /;ku ugha fn;k cfYd beke ds
fy, viuh ft+Eesnkjh dks gj ,d vyx vyx iwjk dj jgk Fkk
;kuh mls nwljksa dh rkbZn vkSj urhts dh dksbZ t+:jr ugha Fkh tsls
vCnqYyk bCus glu ftUgksaus ns[kk fd ppk fcYdqy vdsys jg x;s gSa
vkSj t+ehu ij bl rjg t[+eh iM+s gSa fd nq”euksa us pkjksa vksj ls
vkidks ?ksj j[kk gS rks og tYnh ls vius ppk ds ikl igq¡ps vkSj
tc vct+j bCus dkc eywu us beke dks “kghn djus ds fy,
ryokj pykbZ rks mUgksaus vius nksuksa gkFkks ls ryokj dks idM+
fy;k rkfd ppk cp tk;sa ftlls muds nksuksa gkFk dV x;s vkSj
og beke dh xksn esa fxj x;s ;gka rd fd gqjeyk us rhj ekj dj
mudks “kghn dj fn;kA
lPpk vt+knkj ;k **lPpk bUrst+kj djus okyk** bl ejrcs
esa vPNh rjg tkurk gS fd vxj og [+kqnk dks [+kq”k j[kuk pkgrk gS
vkSj vius iSnk gksus ds ed+ln dh lcls cM+h dke;kch pkgrk gS rks
fQj og [+kqnk dh flQZ+ bl ulhgr ij pys fd ftls og d+qjku esa
bl rjg Q+jekrk gS&**, jlwy ¼l-v-½ vki crk nhft, fd eSa
rqedks flQZ+ ,d ckr dh ulhgr djrk gw¡ fd rqe [+kqnk ds fy,
,d&,d nks&nks djds mBksA**
[+kqeSuh lkgc us [+kqnk dh bl ulhgr ds ckjs esa ;g Q+jek;k
gS fd&**[+kqnk bl vk;r esa vU/ksjh nqfu;k dh “kq:vkr ls ysdj
bUlkfu;r ds lQ+j dh vk[+kjh gn rd dks c;ku djrk gS vkSj ;g
,Slh ulhgr gS fd ftls [+kqnk us lkjh ulhgrksa esa ls pquk gS vkSj
lPpk vt+knkj
(199)
blh ,d ckr dh bUlkuksa dks jk; nh vkSj ;g ckr nqfu;k o
vk[+kjr ds lq/kkj dk ,d jkLrk gSA [+kqnk ds fy, mB [kM+s gksuk gh
gS fd ftlus tukcs bczkghe dks ¼[+kqYyr½ [+kqnk nksLrh rd igqapk;k
vkSj nqfu;k ds nwljs tyoksa ls vkt+kn dj fn;kA tukcs bczkghe dh
rjg bYeksa ;d+hu gkfly djks vkSj dgks fd eSa Mwcus okyksa ls
ekSgCcr ugha j[krk gw¡A
og [+kqnk ds fy, gh rks mBuk gS fd ftlus tukcs ewlk dks
,d vlk ds t+fj;s fQ+jvkSfu;ksa ij gkoh dj fn;k Fkk vkSj muds
rkt vkSj r[+r dks [+kRe dj fn;k Fkk vkSj mudks egcwc dh gn
rd igq¡pk fn;kA [+kqnk ds fy, mBuk gh gS ftlus vk[+kjh uch dks
tkfgyh;r dh lkjh vknrksa jLeksa vkSj vd+hnksa ij gkoh cuk;k] cqrksa
dks [+kqnk ds ?kj ls fudky dj mldh txg rkSghn vkSj rd+ok dks
j[k fn;k fQj vkidks d+kck d+kSlSu vks vnuk dh eaft+y rd igq¡pk
fn;kA
futh Q+k;nksa dks pkguk vkSj [+kqnk ds fy, mB [kM+s gksus
dks NksM+uk gh gesa bl vU/ksjs vkSj ijs”kkfu;kas esa f?kjus dh otg cuk
gSA ftlls iwjh nqfu;k ge ij gkoh gS vkSj bLykeh gqdwerksa ij
nwljksa dk d+Ct+k gS [+kqnk dh ulhgr dks i<+ks vkSj mlus tks ,d
jkLrk rqEgkjs lkeus j[kk gS mls ekuksa vkSj futh Q+k;nksa dks NksM+ks
rkfd nkstgku dh usfd;ksa dks ik ldks vkSj mldh dke;kch rd
igq¡p ldksA
th gk¡ ;g gekjs futh Q+k;ns vkSj [+kqnk ds fy, [kM+s u
gksuk gh gS ftldh otg ls ge bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh x+Scr ds
lPpk vt+knkj
(200)
t+ekus ls xqt+j jgs gSa vkSj [+kqn beke dks Hkh vdsys vius oru ls
nwjh dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gS vkSj t+kfye yksx bLykeh eqYdksa
ij jkt dj jgs gSaA tSlk fd [+kqn beke us Q+jek;k fd vxj gekjs
f”k;k gekjs oQ+knkj vkSj ,d lkFk gksrs rks gekjs t+gwj esa nsjh u
gksrhA
blds fy, flQZ+ ,d ogh jkLrk gS tks [+kqeSuh lkgc us
crk;k fd [+kqnk dh ulhgr dks i<+sa vkSj mlus lq/kkj dk tks flQZ+
,d jkLrk crk;k gS mlij pysa futh Q+k;nksa dks NksM+dj beke
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys ¼bekes t+ekuk½ ls ukrk
tksM+s vkSj muds t+qgwj esa :dkoVksa dks nwj djds viuh oQ+knkjh dks
lkfcr djsa vkSj muds nq”euksa ls ftgkn ds fy, [+kqnk dh [+kq”kh esa
mB [kM+s gksa vkSj nqfu;knkjh ls ckgj fudysa vius futh Q+k;nksa vkSj
nqfu;k ;kuh lM+h gqbZ yk”k dks NksM+dj vkids t+gwj ds fy,
ckd+k;nk dke “kq: djsaA
[+kqeSuh lkgc us nwljh txg ;g Q+jek;k gS fd &**[+kqnk
Q+jekrk gS ,s jlwy muls dg nhft, fd eSa rqedks ,d ckr dh
ulhgr djrk gw¡ fd rqe ,d&,d nks&nks djds mB [kM+s gqvksA**
;g er dgks fd ge vdsys gSa vdsys Hkh mB [kM+s gksuk t+#jh gS
vkSj ,d lkFk feydj HkhA feytqydj Hkh mB [kM+s gksuk t:jh gS
ge lcdh ft+Eesnkjh gS fd [+kqnk ds fy, mB [kM+s gksaA**
blh rjg Q+jekras gS &**[+kqnk dh ulhgr dks ;kn fnykrk gw¡
¼[+kqnk ds fy, ,d&,d nks&nks djds mB [kM+s gks vkSj vdsys gksus
;k lQ+j djus ls u ?kcjkvks½ ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk esa tgak ,gyscSr ij
lPpk vt+knkj
(201)
t+qYe dh cqfu;kn j[kus okyksa vkSj mu uwjkuh yksxksa dks muds vksgns
ls vyx djus okyksa vkSj muds fy, t+qYe esa enn djus okyksa ls
nwjh vkSj ykur dh xbZ gS ogha muds jkLrs ij pyus okyksa vkSj
muds nksLrksa ls Hkh nwjh o ykur dk ,syku fd;k x;k gS ;kuh og
lc yksx tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh x+Scr tSlh eqlhcrs vkt+e ds
fy, enn djus okys lkfcr gq, vkSj muds dke fdlh rjg Hkh
nqfu;k dks futkr fnykus okys ds vkus esa fdlh Hkh rjg :dkoV
lkfcr gq,A
blhfy, ge blds Q+kSju ckn beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls ;g
dgrs gSa **;k bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ mu yksxksa ls esjh d+;ker rd
lqyg jgsxh ftudh vkils lqyg gS vkSj muls tax jgsxh ftudh
vkils tax gS**A blh rjg bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds lPps vt+knkj dh
nksLrh o nq”euh dk es;kj fcYdqy jkS”ku gS ;kuh tks yksx ,gyscSr
ds pkgus okys gSa muls mldh nksLrh gS vkSj tks yksx ,gyscSr
[+kkldj bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds nq”eu gSa muls mldh tax gSA vkSj
;g nksLrh o nq”euh d+;ker rd ds fy, gS vxj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-
l-½ ds nq”eu d+;ker rd vkidh nq”euh ij ckd+h jgsaxs rks lPpk
vt+knkj muds f[+kykQ+ tax o ftgkn ls ugh mDrk,xkA blhfy,
ge ,gyscSr ds nq”euksa ls tax dk ,syku djus ds ckn lcls igys
muij t+qYe dh “kq:vkr djus okyksa ij ykur djrs gSa vkSj fQj
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds cx+Sj nq”eukus ,gyscSr ls eqd+kcys dk dksbZ
Q+k;nk ugha gS vkSj vkids cx+Sj muls cnyk fy;k gh ugha tk
ldrk blfy, taxks ftgkn dh Hkkouk lPps vt+knkj dh ft+Unxh
lPpk vt+knkj
(202)
ls vyx ugha gks ldrh og ml oD+r rd vkjke vkSj pSu ls ugha
cSB ldrk tc rd fd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh eqlhcrs vkt+e
mldh fuxkgksa esa gS vkSj og Hkh mudh csgn et+ywfe;r vkSj
vdsysiu ds lkFkA og beke ds tq+gwj rd bl eqlhcrs vkt+e dks
nwj djus ds fy, vius t+ekus ds nTtkyksa vkSj nwljh :dkoVksa ls
eqd+kcyk djrk jgsxk vkSj tq+gwj ds ckn Hkh beke ds lkFk bekes
gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj lkjs eklwehu ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus ds fy,
ftgkn djrk jgsxk vkSj bl taxks ftgkn ds ckd+h jgus dk jkt+
;g gS fd d+qjkus djhe us lkjs eqlyekuksa dks gqDe fn;k gS fd iwjh
nqfu;k ls Q+lkn ds [+kRe gksus vkSj [+kqnkbZ gqdwer ds ykxw gksus rd
vius ikdht+k ftgkn dks tkjh j[kksA vkSj rqe yksx mu dkfQ+jksa ls
ftgkn djks ;gk¡ rd fd fQ+Ruk **Q+lkn** feV u tk;s vkSj lkjk
nhu flQZ+ [+kqnk ds fy, jg tk;sA
bUlkuh lekt ds fy, bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh xS+cr ls
cM+h eqlhcr vkSj mlls cM+k fQ+Ruk **Q+lkn** vkSj D;k gksxk fd iwjh
nqfu;k eklwe vkSj [+kqnk ds jgcj dh t+kfgjh cjdrksa vkSj Q+k;nksa ls
ek;wl gSA
lPpk vt+knkj ,Sls ,glkl okys oD+r esa tc ftgkn tSlh
[+kqnkbZ ft+Eesnkjh dks t+:jh le>rk gS rks mlds fy, ,d flfdUM
dh Hkh nsjh ugha djrk vkSj lcls cM+s fQRus dks [+kRe djus ds fy,
vkSj vius beke rd igq¡pus ds fy, vkSj muds lkFk ftgkn djus
ds fy, dksf”k”k “kq: dj nsrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(203)
og vPNh rjg tkurk gS fd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ls d+jhc
gksus ds fy, ;gh oD+r lcls vPNk gS u fd tq+gwj ds ckn] D;w¡fd
og rks vkidh iSjoh vkSj lkFk nsus dk oD+r gksxkA tSlk fd d+qjku
djhe esa gS &**vkSj rqe esa ls eDds dh thr ls igys [+kqnk ds fy,
[+kpZ djus vkSj ftgkn djus okys tSlk og ugha gks ldrk gS tks
thrus ds ckn [+kqnk ds fy, [+kpZ djs vkSj ftgkn djs igys ftgkn
djus okys dk ntkZ cgqr cfYd cgqr T+;knk gS pkgs [+kqnk us lcls
usdh dk oknk fd;k gS vkSj og rqEgkjs lkjs dkeksa dh tkudkjh
j[krk gSA** t+gwj ls igys t+gwj dh :dkoVksa dks nwj djus ds fy,
mB [kM+s gksuk vkSj ftgkn djuk mlls dgha T+;knk csgrj gS fd
tks beke ds lkFk jgdj ftgkn fd;k tk;sxk blhfy, d+qjku us
dke;kch ls igys beke dk lkFk nsus dks T+;knk vgeh;r nh gSA
ik¡pos ejrcs esa vt+knkj ds fy, lcls cM+k xqukg ;g gS fd
og vius bekesa t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dks vdsyk NksM+ nsA bl ejrcs esa
vt+knkj djcyk ds lcd+ vkSj ckrksa dks vPNh rjg tkurk gS
blhfy, og vius t+ekus ds beke ls oQ+knkjh vkSj mudh rjQ+
roTtks j[kus ds fy, [+kkl rS ;kjh djrk gS mlus vius beke ls
oQ+knkjh dk lcd+ djcyk okyksa ls vPNh rjg lh[kk gSA oQ+knkjh
;kuh geus tks oknk fd;k gS mls iwjk djsa bekes eklwe ds okns dks
iwjk djuk lcls cM+h ft+Eesnkjh gS vkSj mls rksM+uk lcls cM+k
xqukgA d+qjkus djhe vkSj gnhlksa esa okns dks iwjk djus vkSj oknk
f[+kykQ+h ls nwj jgus dks cM+h l[+rh ls dgk x;k gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(204)
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½us vk”kwj ds fnu vius nksLrksa vkSj nq”euksa
;kuh nksuks ds fy, Q+jek;k Fkk ftlesa oQ+knkjh dh otg ls vius
pkgus okyksa dh rkjhQ+ vkSj csoQ+kbZ dh otg ls vius nq”euksa dks
cqjk dgk gS vius pkgus okyksa ds fy, Q+jek;k **eSa vius lkfFk;ksa ls
T+;knk oQ+knkj vkSj csgrj lkFkh fdlh ds Hkh ugha tkurkA**
tc vki vk”kwj ds fnu tukcs eqfLye bCus vkSltk ds
ljgkus igq¡ps rks vkius bl vk;r dh frykor Q+jekbZ **ekSesuhu esa
,sls Hkh enZs eSnku gS ftUgksaus [+kqnk ls fd;s okns dks lp dj
fn[kk;k gS muesa ls dqN viuk oD+r iwj dj pqds gSa vkSj dqN vius
oD+r dk bUrst+kj dj jgs gSa vkSj mu yksxksa us viuh ckr esa dksbZ
Qsj cny iSn ugha fd;k gSA**
vkSj nq”euksa ds fy, Hkh bl rjg Q+jek;k **rqe oknk iwjk u
djus okys csoQ+k yksxksa us esjh cSvr dks rksM+ Mkyk esjh tku dh
d+le blh rjg rqeus esjs ckck] HkkbZ vkSj ppk ds csVs eqfLye bCus
vd+hy ds lkFk Hkh fd;k gSA**
ge ft+;kjrs vjcbZu esa vkils bl rjg dgrs gSa **eSa xokgh
nsrk gw¡ fd vkius [+kqnk ds okns dks iwjk dj fn;k vkSj ;d+hu ¼o
“kgknr½ ds fy, mldh jkg esa ftgkn fd;kA**
bUrst+kj djus okys vkSj lPps vt+knkj dh lcls cM+h reUuk
,d vt+knkj esa cnyk ysus dh tks :g ikbZ tkrh gS cfYd
taxks ftgkn dh t+cjnLr reUuk] og mldh lgh tkudkjh vkSj
[+kkl ekSgCcr dh otg gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(205)
Tkudkjh dk eryc gS fd mls irk gks fd dgk¡ ls vk;k gS]
dgk¡ gS] dgk¡ tk;sxk vkSj mldk ,gyscSr ls D;k ukrk gS\
,gyscSr dh Q+t+hyr dk lgh <ax ls tkuuk] bUlkfu;r dh
vgeh;r] bUlkuh ft+Unxh blh rjg ,gyscSr ls ekSgCcr bu lc
ckrksa dh otg ls vt+knkj [+kqnk ls pkgrk gS fd mls bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds lkFk bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysuk
ulhc gksA ysfdu flQZ+ ;g pkguk vkSj reUuk djuk gh bUrst+kj
djus okys vkSj lPps vt+knkj dk dke ugha gS cfYd mldh lcls
cM+h reUuk ;g gS fd [+kqnk mls nqfu;k vkSj vk[+kjr nksuksa txg
ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds lkFk j[ks vkSj ,d iy ds fy, Hkh muls
vyx u djsA
bl ejrcs esa mldh nqvk ;g gksrh gS &**eSa loky djrk gw¡
ml [+kqnk ls ftlus eq>s vkidh vkSj vkids nksLrksa dh igpku dh
otg ls bT+T+kr nh vkSj eq>s vkids nq”euksa ls nwjh dh rkSQ+hd+ nh
vkSj ;g fd og eq>s nqfu;k vkSj vk[+kjr esa vkids lkFk j[ksA**
blhfy, og pht+ tks bUlku dks ;gk¡ rd igq¡pkrh gS fd
bl rjg dh reUuk vkSj dksf”k”k iSnk gksrh gS og flQZ+ ,gyscSr
vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ls nksLrh vkSj muds nq”euksa ls nq”euh o nwjh
j[kuk gSA
nqfu;k o vk[+kjr esa bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ls fdl rjg d+jhc jg
ldrs gSa
ge crk pqds gSa fd ,d lPpk vt+knkj vkSj bUrst+kj djus
okyk vxj viuh lcls cM+h reUuk tks fd nqfu;k o vk[+kjr esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(206)
ekSgEEknks vkys ekSgEEn ds lkFk jguk gS mls iwjk djuk pkgrk gS rks
vius vUnj dqN ckrsa iSnk djs tks bl rjg gSa %&
& ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh igpku
¼tkudkjh½
& muls vkSj muds nksLrksa ls ekSgCcr o nksLrh
& muds nq”euksa ls nq”euh o nwjh
igyh “krZ esa bl ij /;ku jgs fd igpku ¼tkudkjh½ ,slh gks tks
bUlku ds fny fnekx ¼lksp½ ls tqM+h gksrh gSA
nwljh nks “krksaZ ;kuh ekSgCcr vkSj nq”euksa esa ftruk bUlku ds fny
esa vk lds djsA
tcfd blds dqcwy gksus ds fy, Hkh ;g “krZ gS fd bu ckrksa dks
bl rjg fd;k tk, fd ftudk lcdks irk pys blh ckr dks rks
igys Hkh dgk tk pqdk gS fd ekSgCcr mls dgk tkrk gS tks fNih
u jgs cfYd mlds vkvks Hkko ls irk pysA blh rjg muds nq”euksa
ls nq”euh vkSj nwjh Hkh gS fd tks ft+Unxh ds dkeksa ls ekywe gks vkSj
mldk lcdks vankt+k gksA vc ;gka ij ,d t+:jh vkSj [k+kl loky
;g gS fd ekSgCcr o nq”euh j[kus vkSj mldks t+kfgj djus dk
es;kj D;k gS\ D;k ;gh dkQ+h gS fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh
eqlhcrksa ij jks;sa vkSj cM+h cM+h etfylsa djsa ;k muds nq”euksa ij
ykur djsaA bldk tokc bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l½ ls gh ysuk lcls
vPNk gksxk vkius ft+;kjrs vkys ;klhu esa Q+jek;k gS *tc Hkh rqe
pkgks fd gekjs ikl vkvks vkSj [+kqnk o gekjh rjQ+ /;ku nks] rks
lPpk vt+knkj
(207)
bl rjg dgks esjh enn vkids fy, rS ;kj gS vkSj vkids fy,
ekSgCcr Hkh lPph o ikd lkQ+ gSA**
blhfy, bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh ut+j esa ,d lPps f”k;k vkSj
bUrst+kj djus okys dks mudh ft+;kjr ;k eqykd+kr ds fy,
tkudkjh ds vykok nks ckrksa ij /;ku j[kuk pkfg, & 1- iwjh rjg
enn ds fy, rS;kj 2- lPph ekSgCcr iwjh rjg rS;kjh ;kuh ,d
lPpk bUrst+kj ns[kus okys esa tks ckrsa gksuh pkfg, og gksa fd [+kqn
dks gd+hd+r es ,gyscSr ds fy, oD+Q+ dj ns lcls igys rks mu
ckrksa dks [+kRe djs tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ls yxko esa #dkoV
vkSj vM+pu cu jgh gS fQj ftruk Hkh gks ldrk gks mu ckrksa dk
eqdkcyk djs fd tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds t+gwj esa :dkoV cuh
gqbZ gSA
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk flikgh mls dgk tkrk gS fd ftlesa ,d
flikgh dh ckrsa ikbZ tk;sa ;kuh beke ds gqDe dks lqus vkSj muds
gqDe ij viuk lj dVkus ds fy, rS;kj jgs eaxy ds fnu dh nqvk
esa ge vius [+kqnk ls bl rjg loky djrs gSa **, [+kqnk! eq>s viuh
Q+kSt dk flikgh cuk ys D;w¡fd rsjh Q+kSt gh gkoh jgus okyh gS eq>s
vius fxjksg esa j[k D;w¡fd rsjk gh fxjksg dke;kc gksus okyk gS vkSj
eq>s vius nksLrksa esa “kkfey dj ys D;w¡fd rsjs nksLrksa dks dqN Hkh
nq[k vkSj Mj u gksxkA**
tkuuk pkfg;s fd [+kqnk dk flikgh vkSj [+kqnk o bekes t+ekuk dk
pkgus okyk rS;kjh vkSj lPph ekSgCcr ds cXkS+j ugha cuk tk ldrkA
lPpk vt+knkj
(208)
iwjh rjg rS;kj jguk ;kuh tukcs Q+krsek t+gjk ¼l-v-½ dh rjg
vius t+ekus ds beke ds fy, vdsys gh enn dks RkS;kj jguk vkSj
og Hkh bl rjg rS;kj jguk fd dksbZ pht+ Hkh eqlhcrs vt+he ;k
eqlhcrs vkt+e [kM+h djus okyksa vkSj bekes t+ekuk ds nq”euksa ls
ftgkn djus vkSj “kghn gksus ls u jksds pkgs vkSjr gksuk gks ;k
mldk gkeyk gksuk] vdsyh gksuk ;k cPPks okyh gksuk gksA tukcs
Q+krsek ds lPps ekuus okys ogh yksx gSa fd tks mudks tks fd lkjs
f”k;ksa dh gd+hd+h eknj gSa mUgsa viuh ft+Unxh] vius t+ekus ds beke
ls ukrk tksM+us vkSj mudh fgQ+kt+r djus esa viuk vkbfM;y
cuk;saA bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh fgQ+kt+r ds fy, vius thou dh
leL;kvksa esa lq/kkj yk;sa vkSj nqfu;k o mldh jaxhfu;ksa dks fny ls
fudkysa rkfd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds flikgh cu ldsaA dk”k tukcs
Q+krsek dh “kgknr ds fnuksa esa gh vt+knkj muds fn;s gq, lcd+
vkSj ml mEehn ij /;ku nsa fd tks vkidks mu vt+knkjksa ls bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds bUrst+kj ds fy, gSA
lPph ekSgCcr ;kuh tks mudh f[+kner ds fy, rqEgs gj
d+Snks cUn ls vkt+kn j[ks og Hkh ,sls fd fny dh xgjkbZ vkSj
lPpkbZ ls bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ vkSj muds cqt+qxksZa ls bl rjg dg
ldks **esjs ek¡ cki] choh cPps] eky] [k+kunku lc vki ij d+qckZu
gSa**
lPph ekSgCCr dk eryc ;g Hkh gS fd beke vkSj muds
ikdht+k fe”ku dks gj pht+ ls vQ+Tky j[ksa vkSj dksbZ pht+ Hkh
lPpk vt+knkj
(209)
mudh lPph f[+kner ls u jksds vkSj rqEgkjk dksbZ dke Hkh nq”euksa
ds lkFk u gksA
lPph ekSgCcr ;g Hkh gS fd bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh
f[+kner vkSj muds t+gwj dh #dkoVsa nwj djus esa rqEgsa fdlh dh
rkbZn ;k enn dk bUrst+kj ugha gksuk pkfg, vkSj nwljksa dh enn
ds cx+Sj vdsys gh et+ywfe;r] lQ+j vkSj ijs”kkfu;ksa dks lgrs gq,
rS ;kj jguk pkfg, pkgs mu yksxksa dh rjQ+ ls f>M+d fn;s tkvks
fd ftuls rqedks enn o ekSgCcr dk bUrst+kj jgrk gksA ;k og fd
tks bekunkjh vkSj nhunkjh ds lkFk bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ls ekSgCcr
ds cM+s cM+s nkos djrs gksa fQj Hkh rqe beke ds fy, viuh
ft+Eesnkjh dks iwjk djks vkSj gj rjg dh ijs”kkuh] rksger vkSj
lf[+r;ksa dks viuh tku dh d+her nsdj bl rjg cjnk”r djks fd
u mldk dksbZ f”kdok gks u f”kdk;rA
lPph ekSgCcr ;g Hkh gS fd tks f[+knersa mlus dh gSa ;k tks
ijs”kkfu;k¡a mBkbZa gSa vkSj pksVsa [kkbZa gSa gjfxt+ mldk fdlh ls cnyk
;k flyk u ys cfYd beke ls Hkh eqrkyck u djs vkSj fdlh ls Hkh
?keaMh cudj u feys NksVs yksxksa ls Hkh feys rks vPNs O;ogkj ls fd
og Hkh [+kqnk ds cUns gSa vkSj vius vkidks muls T+;knk vPNk u
le>s fd tks vHkh vt+knkjh o bZeku ds “kq:vkrh ntksZa ;k dkeksa esa
gksa u mudks fgd+kjr ls ns[ks cfYd mudks fny dh xgjkbZ ls nksLr
j[ks D;w¡fd og viuh fclkr Hkj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ls ekSgCcr
djrs gSa vkSj viuh mlh FkksM+h cgqr vt+knkjh vkSj ekSgCcr ls
vkids egcwc ¼beke½ ds uke vkSj ;kn dks ft+Unk j[krs gSaA
lPpk vt+knkj
(210)
lPPkh ekSgCcr ;g Hkh gS fd beke dh f[+kner vkSj muds
fy, l[+rh o ijs”kkuh dks mBkdj ;g u lkspsa fd vc rks beke
gels flQZ+ galh [+kq”kh ckrsa djsa ;k gels jkt+h jgsa cfYd nqfu;k o
vk[+kjr esa muds lkFk jgus ds flok vkSj fdlh pht+ dh muls
pkgr u j[ksaA
D;w¡fd tks f[+kner Hkh dh tk;s ;k ijs”kkuh mBk;h tk;s vkSj
viuh ft+Unxh ;k eky ls tks dqN Hkh muds fy, [k+pZ fd;k tk;s
og lc [+kqnk vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh nh gqbZ rkSQ+hd+ vkSj
,glku gS vxj mudk ,glku u gks rks ;g dke dHkh Hkh ugha
fd;s tk ldrs blhfy, dqN ekaxus pkgus ;k mEehn djus ds
ctk;s “kqfØ;k vnk djuk pkfg, vkSj ,glku ekuuk pkfg, vkSj
[+kqnk ds cUnksa ls ?keUMh gksdj feyus ds cnys cM+h lknxh vkSj
NksVk cudj feysa vdM+us vkSj ?keUM djus tks fd bu ckrksa ds ckn
dHkh dHkh iSnk gks tkrk gS muds cnys viuh dfe;ksa] ykijokfg;ksa]
f[+kner esa dksrkfg;ksa] vkjke djus dh pkgr vkSj Q+qjlr ds iy o
userksa dks cckZn djus dh otg “kfeZUnk jguk pkfg,A
blh otg ls vt+knkjh gh og dke;kc vkSj lPpk bUrst+kj
djus okyk cukrh gS fd tks “kq: eas gh vius vUnj lq/kkj ykus esa
dke;kc dj nsrh gS D;w¡fd ftlus Hkh vk”kwj ds iSx+ke dks le>
fy;k rks og vPNh rjg tku tkrk gS fd bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ ls ogh
lcls T+;knk d+jhc gS tks beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds jkLrs ij pyus dh
dksf”k”k djrk gksA blds vykok vius dks lq/kkjuk [k+qn ,d rjg ls
beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds nq”euksa ls cnyk ysuk gh gSA bUlkuh lekt esa
lPpk vt+knkj
(211)
ftrus Hkh T+;knk ls T+;knk yksx bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds fe”ku ij
pysaxs bruk gh bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds
nq”euksa dks ijs”kkuh] det+ksjh vkSj ukdkeh gksxh vkSj bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ ds t+gwj dk jkLrk lkQ+ gksxkA fQj mlds ckn ;gh
vt+knkjh bruh dke;kc vkSj ,slk bUrst+kj djus okyk cuk nsrh gS
fd tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds ikdht+k ed+ln ds fy, Q+k;nk vkSj
et+cwrh dh otg curh gSA
lPps vt+knkj dh ft+Unxh ls bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj muds
[+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys ¼beke t+ekuk¼v-l-½½ ds nq”euksa ls uQ+jr
dk irk pyrk gS vkSj vt+knkj esa nq”euksa ls ftruh T+;knk uQ+jr
gksxh bruk gh og vius vUnj lq/kkj yk;sxk vkSj cnyk ysus dh
Hkkouk dks rst+ djsxk vkSj beke ds t+gwj esa vkus okyh :dkoVksa ls
eqd+kcyk djus esa dksf”k”k djrk jgsxkA nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa ;w¡ dgk tk;s
fd ,d lPpk vt+knkj gksuk mlds dkeksa ls gh lkfcr gksrk gSA
bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds og nq”eu fd ftudh otg ls
t+gwj esa :dkoV gks jgh gS muls uQ+jr vkSj nwjh lPps vt+knkj ds
fy, cgqr t+:jh gSA [+kqeSuh lkgc fd ftudh ut+j esa bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ vkSj nqfu;k ij mudh gqdwer d+k;e gksus dh vksj /;ku u
nsuk ,d cM+k [+krjk vkSj [+;kur gS og blh ckjs esa Q+jekrs gSaA
**tEgwfj;k bLykfe;s bZjku dks fdlh d+her ij Hkh nhuh
mlwy dks ugha NksM+uk pkfg, bU”kk vYykg bZjkuh usd yksx
bUd+sykc dh Hkkouk dks vius fnyks esa j[ksaxs vkSj mlds “kksyksa ls
vejhdk ds t+kfyeksa vkSj muds fiVBqvksa dks lcd+ fl[kk,saxs rkfd
lPpk vt+knkj
(212)
[+kqnk ds dje ls nhus ekSgEenh dk lj iwjh nqfu;k esa lcls Å¡pk gks
tk;s vkSj usd o det+ksj yksx t+ehu ds okfjl cu tk,saA**
,d vt+knkj ds fy, bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds fy, ftruh
Hkh ft+Eesnkfj;ka gaS mudks T+;knk ls T+;knk lPpkbZ vkSj bekunkjh ls
iwjk djs rks og muls djhc gks tk,xk D;w¡ fd mldh v+t+knkjh
vkSj det+ksjh beke dk cnyk ysus ls cgqr t+;knk tqM+h gqbZ gS
ojuk bu ckrkas ds flok mldh vt+knkjh det+ksjh o rSghu gS
;d+huu bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ o bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l½ vius vt+knkjks
vkSj vius pkgus okykas ds dkeks esa cgknqjh] et+cwrh vkSj rkd+r dks
ns[kdj [+kq”k vkSj mudh cqt+fnyh] det+ksjh] ft+Yyr Mj vkSj cs
/;kuh dks ns[kdj nq[kh gksrs gaS lPps vt+knkj us djcyk okyksa ls
cgknqjh] nq”keu dks pksV igqpkus vkSj mlds fy, [+krjukd cuus dk
vPNh rjg lcd lh[kk gS fygkt+k ftl vt+knkj ls nqfu;k ds
t+kfyeks vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds nq”keuks dks dksbZ [k+rjk u gks
;k ftles beke ds t+gwj dh :dkoVks ls tax djus dh rkd+r vkSj
muds nq”keuks dks pksV igqpkus dh rkd+r u gks vkSj mldk fljs ls
,Slk dksbZ ed+ln Hkh u gks rks mls beke ls viuh ekSgCcr es “kd
djuk pkfg;s bl ejrcs es lPpk vt+knkj bl gd+hd+r dks cMs+
/;ku ls le>rk gS fd ,gyscSr ls ekSgccr ml oD+r rd ugh gks
ldrh tc rd fd muds nq”keuks ls nq”keuh vkSj mudks pksV u
igqpkbZ tk, th gkW ekSgEen o vkys eSkgEen ds lkFk jgus ds fy,
mudh rjg gj pht+ dks [+kqnk ds fy, NksM+ nsuk pkfg;s cfYd bl
jkLrs es rks tku ns nsuk Hkh cM+k vklku dke gS vius eky] bTTkr]
lPpk vt+knkj
(213)
”kksgjr vkSj vksgns cfYd nqfu;k dh lkjh pht+ks dks NksM+ nsuk
pkfg, blh otg ls lPPkk vt+knkj ekSgEenks vkys eksgEen ds lkFk
jgus dh foUkrh ds ckn [kq+nk ls Q+kSju dgrk gS **fd eq>s vius
lkeus lPpkbZ ds lkFk lkfcr d+ne j[ks nqfu;k vkSj vk[+kjr esa**
bUgh “krksZ ls lPph ekSgccr ge rd igqWph gS ftldh otg ls
ge bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds d+jhch] ilUnhnk vkSj gkTk+jhu cuus ds
d+kfcy gkasxsA
vt+knkj vkSj cnyk ysus ds dkeks eas et+cwrh
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ls oQ+knkjh djus es vt+knkj bRkuk
et+cwr vkSj iDdk gS fd vius vki dks gj cyk vkSj l[+rh ls
fuiVus ds fy;s rS;kj j[krk gS mlus bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj muds
lkfFk;ks ls eqlhcr ;k “kgknr dks xys yxkus dk lcd+ vPNh rjg
lh[k fy;k gksrk gS vkSj bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds bl Q+jeku dks
;d+hu vkSj feBkl ds lkFk d+qcwy djrk gS tks fd vki us vius
fdlh nksLr ls Q+jek;k Fkk [k+qnk dh d+le] gekjs pkgus okyks dh
rjQ+ eqlhcr ]Q+d+hjh vkSj d+Ry bRkuh rst+h ls vkrh gS tSls rst+
j¶+rkj ?kksM+k ;k vius flEj es lSykc] eSus dgk flEj D;k gS Q+jek;k
mldh vk[k+jh txg ¼:dus dh txg½ vkSj vxj ,Slk u gks rks ge
dHkh Hkh rqEgs viuks es ls ugh le> ldrsA
th gkW vxj ge bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh rjg ftgknks “kgknr
okys vkSj nhu ds fy, eqlhcrks nq”efu;kas vkSj rdyhQ+ks ij lcz
djus okys u gkas rks beke gesa viuks eas ls ugha le>saxsA D;k ge
[+kqnk ls nqfu;k o vk[+kjr es ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEEn ds lkFk dh
lPpk vt+knkj
(214)
nqvk dj ldrs gSA tc fd ge vius vUnj mudh dksbZ usdh vkSj
vPNh ckr iSnk ugha djrsA ekSgEenks vkys ekSgEen ds lkFk nqfu;k
o vk[k+jr esa jgus dh dlkSVh ;g gS fd ge [+kqnk ls b”d+ djsa
mlds nhu ds ikcUn gks tk;sa vkSj nhuksa ,gyscSr ds fe”ku ds fy,
d+qckZu gksus dks gj oD+r rS;kj jgsaA vt+knkj ds ut+nhd bekes
t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh f[+kner ds fy, gj l[+rh] ijs”kkuh vkSj nq[k dks
cjnk”r djuk cgqr vklku dke gS blfy, fd lcls cM+h ijs”kkuh
vkSj nq[k rks beke dk nwj jguk gSA
**ukt+ u[+kjkas esa iyus okys] nksLrh dh lgh eaft+y rd ugha
ig¡qp ldrs D;w¡fd vkf”kd+h rks d+Sn dh eqlhcrksa dks lgus ds cjkcj
gS tks Hkh esjh ek”kwdk dh xyh ls xqt+js og gksf”k;kj jgs fd mldh
nhokj lj rksM+ nsrh gS ,s fny mldh t+qYQ+ks es er my> fd og
,slk QUnk gS fd ogk rw cs xqukg o cs [k+rk lj dks dVk gqvk
ns[ksxk** mldk jkLrk mu yksxks ls fcYdqy vyx gS fd ftudh
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ us bl rjg et+Eer dh gS cs”kd yksx nqfu;k ds
xqyke gSa vkSj mudh t+ckuks ij cs tku o det+ksj nhu gS vkSj og
Hkh ml gn rd fd tgka rd nqfu;k muds lkFk gS vkSj vxj dksbZ
eqlhcr vk tkrh gS rks nhunkjh de gks tkrh gS
vt+knkjh dk ikapok ntkZ
ikapos ntZZZs es bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds fy, vt+knkjh [+kwus
gqlSuh dk cnyk ysus dh Hkkouk vkSj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ tks okfjls
[+kwus gqlSuh gSa muls ukrk o lEcU/k j[ks cx+Sj ,d tqeZ ls de ugh
lPpk vt+knkj
(215)
gS bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds tq+gwj dh dksf”k”k vkSj muds tq+gwj es
vkus okyh :dkoVks dks nwj djds mudh f[k+ner fd;s cx+Sj
,gyscSr ds fy, etfyls vt+k djuk ,d cgqr cM+k /kks[kk] ,d
cstk ?keUM vkSj lkjs vbEek, eklwehu [k+kldj bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½
ds gd+ eas cgqr cM+k t+qYe vkSj nqfu;k ds lHkh et+ywe yksxks ds gd+
es [+k;kur gS
[k+qeSuh lkgc vkys jlwy vkSj bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ muds lPps
tku”khu bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dks bZjku ds bLykeh bUd+sykc dk
lcls cM+k jgcj vkSj ckuh ekurs gq, bZjku dks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½
ds eqYd gksus dk ,yku djrs gS vkSj beke ds t+gwj rkfd vius
eqYd dk lq/kkj vkSj lkjh nqfu;k ij mudh lPph gqdwer gks mlds
fy, dksf”k”k u djus okys ft+Eesnkjkas dks cgqr cM+h x+yrh djus
okyk vkSj [+kRkjk eksy ysus okyk crkrs gq, bl rjg dgrs gS **
ft+Eesnkj yksxks dks tkuuk pkfg;s fd gekjk bUd+sykc flQ+Z bZjku
rd gh lhfer ugh gS bZjkuh yksxks dk bUds+ykc nqfu;k, bLyke ds
ml cMs+ bUds+ykc dh “qk:vkr gS tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds vye
lk; eas gksxk fd [+kqnk us ftuds t+gwj dks eqlyekuksa vkSj iwjh
nqfu;k ds fy, blh t+ekus es j[kk gS gqdwer ds ft+eesnkjksa dks vxj
nqfu;koh ;k vkfFkZd leL;k,s ,d iy ds fy, Hkh viuh ft+Eesnkjh
ftlds vkSgns ij og gS mlls HkVdk,sa rks mlds ihNs cgqr cM+k
[k+rjk vkSj uqd+lku o [k+;kur gS bZjkuh gqdwer viuh iwjh rkd+r
vkSj dksf”k”k ls yksxks dh csgrj vkSj vPNh f[+kner djs] ysfdu
blds ;g ekus ugh gS dh mUgs bUd+sykc ds vge ed+ln tks fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(216)
nqfu;k ij bLykeh gqdwer dh “qk:vkr gS ml ls HkVdk nas bekes
t+ekuk¼v-l-½ dh reUuk o bUrst+kj ds cx+Sj vkSj muds nq”keuks o
t+gwj eas :dkoVsa cuus okyksa ls taxks ftgkn fd, fcuk ,d f”k;k ds
fy, vt+knkjh viuk et+kd mM+kuk ;k ,d cMk >wB cfYd ,d
rjg ls equkQ+sd+kuk vkSj nksx+yh pky gSA
gt+jr vyh ¼v-l-½ bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds fy, bl rjg
Q+jekrs gS** bl nhu ds ft+eesnkj ¼bekes t+ekuk½ cs oru] ijs”kku
vkSj vdsys gS ** ;g mlh eqlhcrs vkt+e dk gky gS fd nqfu;k
ftgkyr vkSj xqejkgh es Mwch gqbZ gS vkSj ,d lPps nhu o [+kqnk ds
jgcj ls nwj gS vkSj og jgcj oru ls nwj ijs”kku vkSj et+ywe gSA
,d lPps vkSj nnZ eUn vt+knkj ds fnekx es cM+h gSjr ls ;g
loky mBrs gS fd bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ fdu yksxks dh otg ls cs
oru vkSj ijs”kku gS ]vkSj dkSu yksx gS fd ftudh otg ls t+gwj es
nsjh gks jgh gS ]og tkfgy vkSj csodwQ+ f”k;k dkSu gSa fd ePNj dk
ij ftuds nhu ls T+;knk et+cwr gS vkSj beke us muls igqpus okyh
rdyhQ+ksa vkSj nq[kks dh f”kdk;r dh gS\ D;k flQZ dwQ+s okys gh
eywu vkSj [k+chl gSa fd ftUgksus ekSYkk vyh o bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dks
vdsyk NksM+ fn;k Fkk \ D;k bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ Hkh X;kjg lkS
fiNRrj lky ls Hkh T+;knk oD+r ls vius nknk dh rjg vdsys
]ftyk oru o ijs”kku ugh gSa\a muds vdsys vkSj et+ywe gksus dk
nks’kh dkSu gS\ ]bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ bl vdsys vkSj et+ywe j[kus dk
ft+Eesnkj fdls Bgjkrs gaS\ ]nq”keuks dks ;k csodw+Q+ o uknku pkgus
okyksa dks\ ,Sls es ,d lPpk vt+knkj bl urhts ij igqpWrk gS fd
lPpk vt+knkj
(217)
bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ etfyls vt+k ls dgh T+;knk et+ywe gS ] ;kfu
og etfyls fd ftues bekes gqlSu vkSj mudh et+ywfe;r ij jksus
ds lkFk bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh eqlhcrks vkSj bl oD+r ds ;t+hnks
ds t+qYe dks Hkqyk;k tk jgk gks og etfylsa fd ftues vxj dksbZ
beke ds nq”keu ]nqfu;k ds t+kfyeks ls ftgkn djus ds fy,
mHkkjrk gS rks mldks l[+rh ls euk dj fn;k tkrk gS fd ;g
etfyls gqlSu¼v-l-½ gS bls fl;klh er cukvks ** og etfylas
ftuds ckuh vkSj “kjhd gksus okys ?kUVks beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ tukcs
t+Suc ]vyh vdcj vyh vlx+j vkSj :d+S ;k oxS+jk ds ckjs es rks
[+k++++ wc i<+rs gS ysfdu tks bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk vlyh cnyk
ysus okys ¼bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½½ gSa ;k og ;t+hnh tks buds t+gwj es
:dkoV cus gq, gS muds ckjs es u dqN i<+k tkrk gS vkSj u dqN
lquk tkrk gS D;w¡fd muds ckjs eas lquus ls ftgkn vkSj th tku ls
tax djus dh ft+Eesnkjh fuHkkuh gksxh ysfdu 61 fgtjh ds gqlSu ds
ckjs esa i<+us vkSj lquus ls ,Slh dksbZ ft+Eesnkjh ugh fuHkkuh gksrh
bu etfylksa dks cjik djus okys dqN ,Sls Hkh gaS tks yk[kks :Ik;k
[k+PkZ djrs gS rcZ:d oxS+jk es *ysfdu mudk fny vejhdk ls ukrk
j[kus vkSj lcls cM+s “kSrku fd tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk lcls
cM+k nq”eu gS t+gwj es :dkoV o t+ekus dk nttky gS mlds tky
es Qalk jgrk gS ;g t+kfgjh rkSj ij rks gqlSfu;r dk ne Hkjrs gSa
ysfdu mues ;t+hnh :gsa ekStas ekj jgh gksrh gaS vQ+lksl fd
vt+knkjksa ds chp ,Sls yksx de ugh fd [+kkl vt+knkjh vkSj
etfyls ,SgyscSr ds fy, viuk oD+r vkSj eky [+kpZ djrs gaS exj
lPpk vt+knkj
(218)
og ,sls gSa fd tks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds nq”euksa ls ekSgCcr djrs
gSa vkSj nhuks bLyke ds eq[k+kfyQ+ dYkpj ds fnynknk o fny lqiqnZ
djus okyksa esa ls gSa x+Sjksa ds dYpj dh rd+yhn vkSj mldks pyu
nsus okys gS [k+kldj bUlkfu;r ds f[+kykQ+ ex+jch dYpj cfYd
nhus ekSgEenh ds f[+kykQ+ gj rkd+r vkSj dYpj dks jkbZt djus
okys gSa ekSyk vyh ¼v-l-½ ,sls yksxksa ds fy, Q+jekrs gSaA
tks Hkh gekjs nq”euksa dks nksLr cuk,xk og dHkh Hkh gekjk
pkgus okyk ugha gks ldrk D;w¡fd gekjh ekSgCcr vkSj gekjs nq”euksa
ls nksLrh ,d lkFk ,d gh fny esa tek ugha gks ldrhA ¼[+kqnk us
,d bUlku esa nks fny ugha cuk;s gSa½ fd ,d fny ls og dqN
yksxksa dks nksLr j[ks vkSj nwljs fny ls muds nq”euksa dks nksLr j[ks
tks Hkh gesa nksLr j[krk gks og viuh nksLrh dks lPpk vkSj lkQ+
lqFkjk djs ftl rjg [kjk lksuk lkQ+ lqFkjk gksrk gSA
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh vkSj etfyls bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ ds nq”euksa ds dYpj mudh lksp vkSj fl;klr ls esy ugha
[kkrh bl txg vt+knkj ds fnekx+ esa ,d loky ?kwerk gS fd f”k;ksa a
us bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh “kgknr ds ckn vk”kwjk ls t+:jh lcd+
vkSj bcjr D;w¡ ugha gkfly dh vkSj muds nq”euksa ls cnys dh
Hkkouk oQ+knkjh ds :Ik esa D;w¡ ugha j[krs ;gk¡ rd fd muds ckn ds
beke Hkh ,d ,d djds cM+h eqlhcr vkSj et+ywfe;r ls “kghn gq,
vkSj vk[+kjh beke x+Scr ds fy, etcwj gaSA x+Scr ls ysdj vc rd
;g lkjh vt+knkjh o lksxokjh bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ vkSj lkjs vkbEek
ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys ¼beke t+ekuk¼v-l-½½ ds t+gwj dks
lPpk vt+knkj
(219)
vklku D;w¡ ugha dj ik;ha bruh vt+knkjh vkSj ft+;kjrs vk”kwjk i<+us
ds ckn Hkh bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ vHkh rd x+Scr esa D;w¡ ijs”kku vkSj
vdsys gSa vkSj ge mudh jgcjh ds eksgrkt gaS D;k vc Hkh gesa
viuh vt+knkjh vkSj etfylksa ij x+kSj ugha djuk pkfg,\ rkfd ge
viuh lPph oQ+knkjh ls muds t+gwj dks vklku cukus esa enn dj
ldsa vkf[+kj dc rd lu 61 fgtjh ds beke gqlSu¼v-l-½ “kghn dh
eqlhcr vkSj et+ywfe;r ij jksrs jgsaxs vkSj gqlSus t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh
eqlhcr] et+ywfe;r vkSj vdsysiu dks Hkwys jgsaxs\ dc rd lu 61
fgtjh ds beke gqlSu dh vkokt+ gy feu ukflfju ;ulq#uk ij
jksrs o lj iVdrs jgsaxs vkSj dgsaxs fd ,s dk”k eSa Hkh vkids lkFk
gksrk] vkSj gqlSus t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh vkokt+ gyfeu ukflfju
;ulq#uk ij dksbZ /;ku ugha nsaxs\ D;k ;g ,d [kks[kyk ukjk ;k
,d cM+k >wB vkSj nksx+ykiu ugha gS fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ls rks
dgk tk;s fd vxj eSa vkids lkFk gksrk rks ,d cM+h dke;kch dks
ik ysrk ysfdu bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dks vdsyk NksM+dj u rks
mudh enn djsa uk gh muds fy, mu ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk djsa fd
tks ge ij okftc gSa\
bl ejrcs esa jksuk flQZ+ ekSgCcr dh gh otg ls ugha gksrk
cfYd ¼ekjsQ+r½ mudh vt+er dh tkudkjh dh otg ls Hkh gksrk gS
vkSj bl rjg dk jksuk “kq: esa rks jksus okys ds fny esa ekSgCcr iSnk
djrk gS vkSj fQj mlds jksus ds lkFk jksuss okys dh rkSQ+hd esa Hkh
c<+ksrjh djrk gS vkSj og vius vkidks dUVªksy esa j[kus yxrk gS
bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh iSjoh dk jkLrk mlds fy, [kqy tkrk gS
lPpk vt+knkj
(220)
vkSj og mlh iSjoh ds lgkjs **feUuk vgyycSr** rd igq¡p tkrk
gSA blh otg ls bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k **eSa vk¡lqvksa ls
“kghn fd;k x;k gw¡** fygkt+k vxj eqlhcrs vt+he u gksrh rks jksuk
u gksrk] vkSj vxj jksuk u gksrk rks ekSgCcr o iSjoh u gksrh] vkSj
vxj ekSgCcrks iSjoh u gksrh rks beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ dh iSjoh esa
t+ekus ds ;t+hnksa ls ftgkn u gksrk vkSj vxj ,slk gksrk] rks
eqlhcrs vkt+e ;kuh bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh x+Scr c<+rh gh pyh
tkrh vkSj yksx cjcknh] tqYe vkSj rckgh esa gh Qals jgrsA
bl ejrcs eas ,sls y¶+t+ tSls I;klk] d+Sn] jksuk] x+e ds
cnys cgqr T+;knk ykur] cnyk] bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ] taxks ftgkn
ds y¶+t+ksa ij rd;k djuk pkfg;s vkSj vxj igys ds y¶+t+ksa esa ls
dksbZ uke vkrk Hkh gS rks og nwljs okys y¶+t+ksa rd igq¡pkus ds fy,
gh gS nwljs rjhd+s ls ;w¡ dgk tk;s fd ekSgCcr o ,glkl dks
ekjsQ+r rd igq¡pkus ds fy, ftgkn vkSj dksf”k”k dh t+:jr gksrh gS
vkSj bl ejrcs esa vt+knkjh dh tM+ vkSj cqfu;kn taxks ftgkn gSA
vt+knkjh dh det+ksfj;ksa vkSj eqlhcrksa ls vt+knkj dk tax djuk bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj ,gyscSr ds vkns”kkuqlkj bekes gqlSu
¼v-l-½ ds fe”ku vkSj mudh vt+knkjh dh fgQ+kt+r djus okyk gksrk
gS blh rjg og vius vkidks bl ckr dk Hkh ft+Eesnkj le>rk gS
fd etfylksa dh >wB] xyr fjok;rsa] csdkj ckrsa ;k gjke dh gn
rd igq¡pus okyh pht+ksa ls fgQ+kt+r djs blds fy, og ,d vge
ft+Eesnkjh ryk”k djrk gSA
lPpk vt+knkj
(221)
lcls igys og yksxksa dks [+kkldj tokuksa dks beke gqlSu
¼v-l-½ dh tax dk ed+ln vkSj muds fy, vt+knkjh ds <ax dh
tkudkjh nsus dh rjQ+ /;ku nsrk gSA
vly esa ik¡pos ejrcs esa vt+knkj dh taxk dk ,d vge
fgLlk dYpj ls eqd+kcyk djuk gS vkSj bl vge dYpj ls
eqd+kcyk djus esa Hkh ,d vge fgLlk vt+knkjh ds fy, eqlhcrksa
vkSj vt+knkjh dks dEkt+ksj cukus okyksa ls tax djuk gSA lPpk
vt+knkj vPNh rjg ls vt+knkjh dh eqlhcrksa vkSj mu [+krjksa dks
tkurk gS fd tks bu eqlhcrksa dks iSnk djrs gSa og ;g Hkh [+kwc
tkurk gS fd vxj vt+knkjh ,d vknr es flQ+Z ,d ekSgCCkrks
vglkl ij fuHkZj gks xbZ vkSj ekjQ+r ¼mudh vt+er dh tkudkjh½
fljs ls [+kRe gks xbZ rks ;g vt+knkjh flQZ tkx#d vkSj mHkkjus
okyh gh ugh jgsxh cfYd csgks”kh vkSj uhan es j[kus okyh cu
tk,xhA
og dHkh Hkh bt+ktr ugh nsrk fd bl rjg dh eqdn~nl
vkSj vge jles dqN tkfgy o eryc ijLr yksxksa dh dksf”k”k]
rkd+r ;k muds x+yr rjhd+ks ls eqlhcrks ls nks pkj gksa ftldh
otg ls mldh :gkfu;r] vPNk vlj vkSj usfd;k nwj gks tk; og
lkjs vt+knkjks ds ,grjke ds lkFk] gj efLtnks bekeckM+s vkSj gj
ml txg fd tgk¡ vt+knkjh gksrh gS vkSj og muesa tk ldrk gS
ogk¡ og vt+knkjh dh eqlhcrkas ls eqd+kcyk vkSj gd+hd+h vt+knkjh ds
fy, fgnk;r vkSj mlds rjhd+s crkrk gS rkfd [+kqn Hkh bekes
gqlSu¼v-l-½ ds ed+ln dks ckd+h j[kus okyk vkSj viuh ft+Eesnkjh
lPpk vt+knkj
(222)
dks iwjk djus okyk cu lds vkSj og bLyke dh ftu eksrcj vkSj
cqfu;knh pht+ksa ds lk; esa ekjsQ+r ds lclss Å¡ps ntsZ ij igq¡pk gS
blfy, vius vkidks jlwys [+kqnk ¼l-v-½ ds bl Q+jeku ds lkeus
tokcnsg le>rk gS fd vkius Q+jek;kA
**tc Hkh esjh mEer esa fcnvrsa gksus yxsa rks fQj vkfye dks
vius bYe dk t+kfgj djuk okftc gS ¼fcnvrksa ls eqd+kcyk djsa½
ojuk mlij [+kqnk] Q+fj”rs vkSj lkjs yksx ykur djsaxsA**
tc rkysckfu;ksa us ckS) dh ewrhZ dks rksM+k Fkk rks mlij
tkiku vkSj bZjku nksuksa gh us ,rjkt+ fd;k Fkk tkikfu;ksa us rks bl
fy, ,rjkt+ fd;k Fkk fd og cqrksa vkSj ewfrZ;ksa dh iwtk djrs gSa
vkSj mudks ifo= ekurs gSa ysfdu bZjkfu;ksa dk ,rjkt+ flQZ+ blfy,
Fkk fd ewfrZ;ka ,sls dYpj dh ehjkla gS fd tks t+ehu esa nc pqdh
mudks ckd+h j[kuk pkfg, tSls iqjkus I;kys ;k crZu ;k iqjkus feVV~h
ds I;kys fd ftudks dyk ;k iqjkuh ;knksa ds fy, ckd+h j[krs gSa
mUgsa [+kRe ugha djuk pkfg,A
igys ds yksx vius ?kj ds njokt+s ;k nqdku o ckFk:e ds
Åij ?kksM+s dh uky yVdkrs Fks vkSj ;g dke vd+hns esa “kkfey Fkk
og Hkh bl ckr ij /;ku fn;s cx+Sj dh bl vd+hns dks igys ls gh
x+yr <ax ls tkuk x;k gS mldh eUgwl tM+ ;g Fkh fd beke
gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh “kgknr ds ckn mej bCus lkn eyÅu ds gqDe ls
,d fxjksg us vius ?kksM+ksa ds lqeksa ij Q+f[+j;k uky yxok, vkSj
muls “kghnksa ds ikdks ikdht+k cnu dks jkSankA bl rjg vklkuh ls
lhuk vkSj ihB ;k tks dqN Hkh lqe ds uhps vk;k og ikeky gks
lPpk vt+knkj
(223)
x;kA tc ;g tax ds ?kksM+s dwQ+k igq¡ps rks dqN yksxksa us mudh uky
dks pwek vkSj mudk cM+k ,grjke fd;k vkSj cjdr ds fy, vius
?kjksa ds njokt+ksa ij yVdk fy;kA
mlds ckn dqN cqt+qxksZa tSls **vcw jSgkus cs:uh** us bl
csod+wQ+h ds dke ds jkt+ dk inkZ Q+k”k fd;k vkSj yksxks dks crk;k
vQ+lksl fd ipkl lky igys rd ;g dke gksrk Fkk tks pht+
eUgwl vkSj x+yr Fkh mlh dks cjdr vkSj usdh dh cqfu;kn le>k
tkrk Fkk ;gk¡ rd fd vkfyeksa us dksf”k”k djds bl csgwnk jLe dks
[+kRe dj fn;kA
bekeckM+ksa vkSj feecjksa dh jkSud+ ds lkFk ,gyscSrs uch ds
vkfyeksa dh otg ls bl rjg dh ftgkyr vkSj csgwnk ckrsa [+kRe gks
xbZa ojuk csgwnk ckrsa vkSj x+yr vd+hns iqjkuh jLeksa ds uke ij cM+h
t+:jh vkSj vPNh le>h tkrha tSls ;g vd+hnk fd rsjg dh la[;k
gh eUgwl gS ;k Nhad vk tk;s rks :d tkuk fd bl ,rd+kn ij u
dksbZ lun gS u nyhyA
vkt Hkh dqN x+yr jlesa bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dh vt+knkjh esa
“kkfey gaS vkSj csotg o cxS+j [k+kfl;r ds jkbt gaS ;g u rks
vd+yeUnh ds gh dke gS u gh d+qjkuksa gnhl us buds fy, gqDe
fn;k gSA beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds x+e esa vk¡lw cgkuk] jksuk ihVuk]
tkucw>dj ljks lhuk ihVuk bUlku dh cqyUnh vkSj usdh gS ysfdu
<aMs o Hkkjh QkSykn ls dksbZ ljksdkj ugha gSA
nhuh enjlksa o ;wfuoflZVh;ksa ds vPNh lksp j[kus okys
jgcjks vkSj usd lhjr yksxksa ds fy, t+:jh gS fd bekes gqlSu ¼v-
lPpk vt+knkj
(224)
l-½ dh vt+knkjh ds fy, csgrj vkSj eqdEey jleksa dks bl rjg
ckd+h j[ksa fd enZ vt+knkjh ds [+kpsZ laHkkys vkSjrsa x+esa gqlSu esa jks,sa
D;w¡fd mudk [+kpZ djuk dq+cwy gksxk vkSj budk jksuk rM+iukA
bl ejrcs esa etfyls vt+knkjksa dks muds iSnk gksus ds
ed+ln vkSj ft+Eesnkjh dks le>us dh lcls vk[+kjh eaft+y rd
igq¡pkus dk t+fj;k gaS fd ftl ft+Eesnkjh dks iwjk djuk mudk
ed+ln gS muesa ls bekes gqlSu ¼v-l-½ ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys
¼bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½½ ls lEcU/k Hkh ,d ft+Eesnkjh gSA
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkjh dh :g ;g gS fd bekes t+ekuk¼v-
l-½ dh et+ywfe;r vkSj vdsys gksus dh rjQ+ /;ku nsa vkSj muds
fy, gj gj vt+knkj ij ft+Eesnkfj;ka gSa mudks iwjk djsaA
bl ejrcs esa vt+knkj ds fy, ekSgCcrks ,glklkr] cnyk
ysus ds fy, x+Sjr ds lkFk mB [kM+s gksus] tax ds fy, rS;kj jgus
vkSj tku nsus ds fy, flQZ+ ,d t+fj;k gS vkSj og Hkh bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ ds lkFkA
,gyscSr ds lkFk ,d lPps f”k;k dh :g dk ukrk bl rjg
gS fd tc vcw clhj us bekes lkfnd+ ¼v-l-½ ls loky fd;k fd eSa
fdlh otg ds cx+Sj gh dHkh nq[kh dHkh [+kq”k D;¡w jgrk gw¡A vkius
tokc fn;k fd ;g nq[kh gksuk vkSj [+kq”k gksuk vly esa rks gekjh
rjQ+ ls gh rqe rd igq¡prk gS blfy, fd tc Hkh ge [+kq”k ;k
nq[kh gksrs gSaa rqe Hkh [+kq”k ;k nq[kh gksrs gks D;w¡fd ge vkSj rqe [+kqnk
ds uwj ls gh gSA iDdk f”k;k og gS fd tks ,gyscSr dh [+kq”kh esa
[+kq”k vkSj muds nq[k esa nq[kh jgrk gS D;k ,d f”k;k ds fy, bekes
lPpk vt+knkj
(225)
t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh et+ywfe;r vkSj vdsys jgus ls cM+k dksbZ vkSj
nq[k gks ldrk gS ftl rjg ,gyscSr dk eqlhcrksa esa f?kjuk cM+s nq[k
dh ckr gS blh rjg bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dh x+Scr Hkh cM+s nq[k dh
ckr gSa D;w¡fd vki ,gyscSr ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys gSa tc ge
bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ cfYd pkSng eklwehu dh vt+knkjh esa jksrs vkSj
ekre djrs gSa rks fQj beke dh x+Scr tks eqlhcrs vkt+e ¼lcls
cM+h eqlhcr½ gS mlds fy, gekjh D;k ft+Eesnkjh gS\ ,d f”k;k dk
fny ,gyscSr ds x+e ls nq[kh gks tkrk gS ysfdu gesa ns[kuk gksxk
fd ,gyscSr dks lcls T+;knk fdl pht+ ls rdyhQ+ igq¡prh gS
eqlhcrs vt+he ;k eqlhcrs vkt+e\
vxj eqlhcrs vt+he ds fy, bl d+nj gennhZ] tek gksuk]
oD+r vkSj islkSa dk [+kpZ djuk t+:jh gS rks D;k eqlhcrs vkt+e dks
nwj djus ds fy, gennhZ] tek gksuk oD+r vkSj iSlksa ds [k+pZ djus
ds lkFk bl rjg dh ckrs djuk t+:jh ugha gSa\ og vdsys vius
cy ij fuHkZj ugha jgsaxs cfYd og [+kqnk dh rkd+r] ,gyscSr ds
lgkjs] usd eksesuhu dks nq”euksa vkSj vius t+gwj dh :dkoVksa ls
eqd+kcys ds fy, mHkkjsaxs rkfd muds t+gwj ds fy, og gennhZ vkSj
,drk t+kfgj gks fd ftldh l[+r t+:jr gS vkSj beke dks Hkh
mlds u gksus dh cgqr T+;knk f”kdk;r gSA
etkfyl o egkfQ+y esa c<+kok
lPpk vt+knkj [+kwc tkurk gS fd vxj f”k;k vk”kwjk ls lgh
lcd+ ysrs vkSj mls gh viuk vkbfM;y cukrs rks vkt bekes
t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ vdsys vkSj et+ywe u jgrs vQ+lksl gS fd f”k;ks us
lPpk vt+knkj
(226)
vk”kwjk dks flQZ+ jksus vkSj vt+knkjh djus dk t+fj;k le>k vkSj
mlls de dks gh viuk vkbfM;y cuk;k vk”kwj ds okD+;s us
bUlkuh lekt +eqlhcrs vkt+e ds nwj djus] tq+gwj vkSj eklwehu dh
gqdwer d+k;e djus ds fy;s csgrjhu lcd+ vkSj cgqr T+;knk fgEer
nh gS lksxokjh vkSj eqlhcr gh dks vly le>dj tax vkSj dk;Z
dks Hkqyk nsuk gh bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ ds bLykeh lekt ls nwj
jgus dh otg cuh fd og ijnsl o vdsysiu eas og vt+knkj fd
ftlus vk”kwjk ls [+kqn csgrjhu lcd+ fy;k vkSj vius dks ikapos
ejrcs ¼bUrst+kj ns[kus okys½ ds njts rd ig¡qpk;k og vkSjks ls dgh
T+;knk csgrj etfylks ekreks es jksus vkSj muds vPNs vlj o
urhtks dks tkurk gS vkSj vius dYpj ls ftgkn djrs gq, ,gyscSr
ds izksxke [k+kl dj etfyls vt+k o vt+knkjh dks c<+kok nsus dh
csgn dksf”k”k djrk gS vkSj blh rjg dh etfyls ftu es :gs
gqlSuh gks mUgs cjik djds vt+knkjkas es ed+lns gqlSuh dks >a>ksM+rk
gS vkSj vt+knkj bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½ ds fy;s ,d cgknqj flikgh o
cnyk ysus okyk cukrk gS rkfd og beke dh T+;knk ls T+;knk
f[+kner dj lds vkSj muds nq”keuks ;k t+qgwj es vkus okyh
:dkoVks ls Mjdj eqd+kcyk dj lds vt+knkj es bl rjg dh
etfylks ls cgqr T+;knk :gh o cnuh lq/kkj iSnk gksrk gS vkSj
mlds o ,gyscSr ds chp ut+nhdh c<+ tkrh gS D;w¡fd ;g etfylas
d+qjkuks gnhl dh jkS”kuh es ,gycSr dh vt+er vkSj nhu dh lgh
tkudkjh dk ejdt+ gksrh gSa ;kfu ogh et+fyls dh ftuds ckjs es
beke gqlSu ¼v-l-½ us Q+jek;k Fkk vkSj og muds bUrst+kj es Hkh
lPpk vt+knkj
(227)
jgrs gaS vt+knkj bl ejrcs es etfyls vt+k dks bekes t+ekuk ¼v-
l-½dh enn okyh etfylks es cny nsrk gS bl ejrcs es vt+knkjh
dk ed+ln ,d lkFk fey tqydj t+qgwj es vkus okyh :dkoVks dks
nwj djds gqlSus t+ekuk dh enn djuk gS tks et+ywe vkSj vdsys gS
bu etfylksa eas vxj ljks lhus dks gkFkks ls ihVk ¼ekre fd;k½
tkrk gS rks mlls dgh T+;knk nq”keu ds ljks eqg dks ihVk tk,xk
vxj jksus o vt+knkjh es ,d ?kUVk [+kpZ gksrk gS rks gqlSus t+ekuk ds
nq”keuks ls cnyk ysus vkSj mudk xyk ?kksVus es blls dgh T+;knk
oD+r [+kpZ gksuk pkfg;sA
;g etfyls bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ gh ds [k+kl dje ls cjik
gksrh gaS D;w¡fd vkius csgn ijs”kkuh vkSj cs oruh dh gkyr es bu
etfylks vkSj ,Sls yksxks ds fy, ;w¡ Q+jek;k gS fd eaS gj eksfeu ds
fy, nqvk djrk gw¡ fd og esjs nknk dh eqlhcr dks ;kn djs vkSj
fQj esjs t+qgwj es tYnh dh nqvk djs **bu etfylks ls bekes gqlSu
¼v-l-½ muds djcyk okys vlgkc] muds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okys
¼bekes t+ekuk¼v-l-½½ vkSj tukcs Q+krsek cfYsd lc ,gyscSr ds fnyks
dks [+kq”k gksrh gS vkSj lPps vt+knkjks ds fy, mu lc gt+jkr dh
nqvk dk t+fj;k Hkh curh gaS ;g lp gS fd bl rjg dh etfylks
ls vt+knkj es ekSgCcr vkSj xS+jr dk tks”k bRkuk gks tkrk gS fd
tc Hkh bekes gqlSu¼v-l-½ dk uke vkrk gS rks og vius nq[kh o
mudh ekSgCcr ls Hkjs fny vkSj vk¡lqvks ls Hkjh vk¡[kkas ds lkFk beke
ds [+kwu dk cnyk ysus okyks dh lksp es iM+ tkrk gS vkSj bl rjg
dgrk gS fd **ml [+kqnk ls nqvk djrk g¡w dh ftlus vkidks cqyUn
lPpk vt+knkj
(228)
ejrck j[kk vkSj vkidh otg ls ges Hkh bT+t+r nh fd ges vius
[+k+w+u dk cnyk ysus okys ds lkFk gksuk ulhc dj fd tks ,gyscSr
ekSgEen ds beke gS ealwj gSaA
vkSj nwljs tqEys es beke ls bl rjg ls dgrk gS fd **[+kqnk
eq>s vkids [+kwu dk cnyk ysuk vki es ls ml beke ds lkFk ulhc
djs fd tks ennxkj jgcj vkSj gd+ ckr t+cku ij ykus okys gSa th
gk¡ mudh vt+er dks tkurs gq, gd+hd+r es jksuk] x+Sjrean cukrk gS
tyus okyk ugha] euekuh dks [k+Re djrk gS vkSj bUlkfu;r dks
c<+kok nsrk gS gSokfu;r dks feVkdj vkneh;r dks txkrk gS] csgks”kh
dks Hkxkdj bekes t+ekuk ¼v-l-½ dk lkFkh cukrk gS] bekes t+ekuk
¼v-l-½ dk lkFkh vkSj mudk bUrst+kj djus okykA
jksuk ft+Unkckn] gqlSfu;r ft+Unkckn gd+hd+r esa jksus] vkSj bUlkfu;r
lq/kkj etfyls ft+UnkcknA
![ßgs psruk ds iq= ! Eksjk izFke ijke”kZ ;g gS % ,d “kq)] n ... · ß;g tku yks fd rqEgkjk lPpk vyadj.k bZ”oj ls izse djus esa] vkSj mlds vfrfjDr vU; lHkh ls vuklDr jgus esa](https://img.pdfslide.tips/doc/110x75/607afb853fc78c3737601eae/gs-psruk-ds-iq-eksjk-izfke-ijkeakz-g-gs-d-aoekq-n-g-tku-yks.jpg)
![gTt vkSj mezk dk rjhd+k · ds vfrfjDr dksbZ lPpk iwT; ugha vkSj eqgEen vYyk ds iSxEcj gSa] uekt+ LFkkfir djuk] t+dkr nsuk] [kkuk dv~ck dk gTt djuk vkSj jet+ku ds eghus dk jkst+jet+ku](https://img.pdfslide.tips/doc/110x75/607afa7a2b1d6544b87876c4/gtt-vksj-mezk-dk-rjhdk-ds-vfrfjdr-dksbz-lppk-iwt-ugha-vksj-eqgeen-vyyk-ds-isxecj.jpg)
![izkn'kZ iz'u i= 201izkn'kZ iz'u i= 2013 333&14&14&14 fok ...^lPpk deZ] lPph lok] lPpk /kjeA nq'eu ds vkxs dHkh >qds ugha geA [kkSyrk gS [kwu] lkl pyrh xjeA fdrus gks d"V ugha gkrs](https://img.pdfslide.tips/doc/110x75/607afa7d2b1d6544b87876d2/izknkz-izu-i-201izknkz-izu-i-2013-333141414-fok-lppk-dez.jpg)
