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PHN QUY TRNH:

QUY TRNH VN HNH V BO DNG ROUTERJUNIPER E-series

Chng I. Cc qui trnh khai bo trong vn hnh khai thcRouter Juniper E-series...............................................................5

1. Quy trnh khai bo giao thc nh tuyn OSPF ............................51.1 Khi to OSPF routing process.........................................................51.2 nh ngha mng cn qung b.........................................................51.3 Chnh sa cc thng slin quan .....................................................51.4 Authentication....................................................................................6

2. Qui trnh Khai bo giao thc MPLS...............................................62.1 MPLS v DiSfferv ..............................................................................7

3. Qui trnh khai bo giao thc BGP-4 ..............................................73.1 Khi to BGP routing process. ..........................................................83.2 nh ngha mng cn qung b.........................................................83.3 Thit lp quan hvi Neighbor v nh ngha Peer Groups..............83.4 V hiu ho tnh nng Synchronization. ............................................83.5 ng dng Policy-base routing dng route-map.(Optional) ................83.6 Cu hnh qung b cc thng tin VPN.(Optional)..............................9

4. Qui trnh khai bo, cu hnh QoS trn Juniper Router..................94.1 Phn loi Traffic (Classification) ........................................................94.2 Thit lp Policy. ...............................................................................104.3 Thit lp Scheduling........................................................................104.4 Cu hnh Congested Avoidance hn chtt nghn. .......................114.5 To mt QoS-profile hon chnh v p vo mt interface cth.....114.6 p profile QoS vo mt interface cth..........................................11

5. Qui trnh khai bo AAA................................................................125.1 Cho php chc nng AAA trn router..............................................125.2 Mt sthng s...............................................................................125.3 nh ngha phng thc kim tra. ...................................................12

6. Quy trnh khai bo BRAS ............................................................137. Quy trnh cu hnh Interface POS ...............................................14

7.1 Cu hnh mc vt l.........................................................................157.2 Cu hnh cc giao din....................................................................157.3 Kim tra li cu hnh ........................................................................15

8. Quy trnh khai bo mng ring o VPN ......................................158.1 To vrf trong default virtual router...................................................158.2 Khai bo rd AS: ...............................................................................168.3 Thit lp route-target import & export policy....................................168.4 Khai bo interface PE-to-CE ...........................................................168.5 Cu hnh routes n site khch hng - static route .........................168.6 config iBGP peering vpnv4..............................................................16

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8.7 Khai bo VPN dnh cho Surpass ....................................................179. Qui trnh khai bo thm mt DSLAM mi ...................................19

9.1 Khai bo interface............................................................................199.2 Khai bo nh tuyn cho DSLAM.....................................................19

9.3 Khai bo ADSL port.........................................................................1910. Qui trnh khai bo thm port thu bao ADSL trn ATM DSLAM.1910.1 i vi BRAS Bnh Dng, ng Nai .............................................2010.2 i vi cc BRAS cn li.................................................................20

11. Qui trnh khai bo thm port thu bao ADSL trn IP DSLAM.....2111.1 Khai bo qun l DSLAM ................................................................2111.2 Khai bo cc thu bao.....................................................................21

12. Qui trnh khai bo thm di a chIP cho thu bao ADSL (IPPool) ...................................................................................................22

12.1 Khai bo nh tuyn IP pool.............................................................2212.2 Khai bo IP Pool..............................................................................2212.3 Khai bo Prefix-list...........................................................................2212.4 Khai bo BGP..................................................................................22

13. Update NVS card SRP module................................................2213.1 Trng hp chc mt SRP trong hthng....................................2213.2 Trng hp c hai SRP...................................................................23

Chng II. Bo dng ROUTER JUNIPER ..........................241. Phn cp bo dng:..................................................................24

1.1 Bo dng Cp 1: ...........................................................................241.2 Bo dng Cp 2: ...........................................................................24

2. Cc quy trnh bo dng, kim tra nh k:................................24

2.1 nh kmi ca tr!c:.........................................................................242.2 nh kh"ng tun............................................................................272.3 nh kh"ng thng..........................................................................282.4 nh kh"ng qu.............................................................................30

PHN PHLC:

GII THIU ROUTER JUNIPER M160, ERX v CC GIAOTHC LIN QUAN

Chng I. Gii thiu Router M-160 ......................................34

1. Cu trc tng quan hthng M160.............................................341.1 Ccu chuyn tip gi ....................................................................341.2 Ccu nh tuyn ...........................................................................371.3 Hthng con i#u khin hn hp MCS (Miscellaneous ControlSubsystem) .................................................................................................391.4 Giao din th$cng( Craft interface).................................................391.5 Tm ni giao tip CIP (Connector Interface Panel) ........................411.6 Cc card giao tip ang sdng trong hthng.............................42

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1.7 Ci %t v thay thcu trc c$a M160 ............................................442. Phn mm iu khin _ JUNOS Internet ....................................45

2.1 Xl giao thc nh tuyn...............................................................452.2 Xl giao tip..................................................................................48

2.3 Xl i#u khin...............................................................................492.4 Kernel RE........................................................................................49Chng II. Gii thiu Router E-series ...................................49

1. Gii thiu tng quan hthng ERX 1410 ...................................492. Cc ng dng chnh ca ERX-1410 ...........................................53

2.1 ng truy#n tp trung ...................................................................532.2 To tuyn o....................................................................................542.3 ng dng tp trung xDSL................................................................542.4 Th!c thi mng LAN o.....................................................................542.5 Vtr cthc$a ERX trong mng ....................................................54

3. Cu trc phn cng.....................................................................553.1 Cc k&thut ng dng trong phn cng .........................................563.2 Modul hthng................................................................................57

4. Phn mm iu khin..................................................................614.1 Lung data v cch xl gi...........................................................624.2 IP.....................................................................................................644.3 IP/ATM (Asynchronous Tranfer Mode)............................................664.4 SONET............................................................................................674.5 Routing............................................................................................674.6 Cht lng dch vQoS ..................................................................724.7 Htrtruy cp t'xa bng thng rng B-RAS.................................744.8 HtrVLAN ....................................................................................75

Chng III. Gii thiu mt skhi nim, giao thc sdngtrong router M v E series.........................................................76

1. Giao thc nh tuyn OSPF ........................................................761.1 Gii thiu nh tuyn ng...............................................................761.2 Cc thut ng(thng sdng .......................................................771.3 Cc trng thi trong OSPF ..............................................................771.4 Hot ng c$a OSPF ......................................................................781.5 Multiarea OSPF ...............................................................................79

2. Gii thiu vMPLS .....................................................................802.1 T)ng quan .......................................................................................80

2.2 Thut ng(........................................................................................822.3 Cu trc c$a mt MPLS node..........................................................84

3. Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 (BGP-4)..............................883.1 Khi nim AS (Autonomous System). .............................................883.2 %c tnh c$a BGP-4.........................................................................893.3 Mt skhi nim lin quan n cchlm vic c$a BGP-4...........89

4. Gii thiu tng quan AAA............................................................90

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4.1 Vic sdng AAA trong vn #bo mt v i#u khin truy cp mrng trong mng..........................................................................................904.2 T)ng quan AAA ...............................................................................904.3 Giao thc sdng cho dch vAAA................................................92

5. Cht lng dch v QoS..............................................................945.1 Vai tr c$a QoS. ..............................................................................945.2 Best Effort Delivery..........................................................................955.3 Intergrated Service Model. ..............................................................955.4 Differentiated Services Model. .........................................................955.5 Phn loi QoS vi DSCP.................................................................955.6 Th!c thi QoS ...................................................................................97

6. Gii thiu v SNMP.....................................................................98Tvit tt v ti liu tham kho ..99

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Chng I: Quy trnh khai bo, vn hnh

PHN QUY TRNH:

QUY TRNH VN HNH V BODNG ROUTER JUNIPER E-series

Chng I. Cc qui trnh khai bo trong vn hnhkhai thc Router Juniper E-series

1. Quy trnh khai bo giao thc nh tuyn OSPF- Khi to OSPF routing process.- nh ngha mng cn qung b.- Chnh sa cc thng slin quan- Authentication.

1.1 Khi to OSPF routing process.

Khai bo router chy OSPF: VTN2_ERX(config)#router ospf 1

1.2 nh ngha mng cn qung b.+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#domain-id 0.0.0.0

- Khai bo interface no chy OSPF thng qua net:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 192.168.250.0 0.0.0.255area 0.0.0.0+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 192.168.251.0 0.0.0.255area 0.0.0.0+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 203.210.144.27 0.0.0.0area 0.0.0.0+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 203.210.146.76 0.0.0.3area 0.0.0.0

- chduy nht mt interface dng lnh:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.70area 0.0.0.0+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.78area 0.0.0.0

1.3 Chnh sa cc thng slin quan

- Dead-interval, c hai cch cu hnh: trn router v trn interface:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address a-ch-interfacedead-interval thi-gian+ VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 12

- Hello-interval c hai cch cu hnh: trn router v trn interface:

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+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address a-ch-interfacehello-interval thi-gian+ VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval 3

- Khai bo u tin ch!n router lm DR/BDR:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip ospf priority s;

- Cost c hai cch thay i:

+ thay i bandwith

+ VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1000

i vi nh"ng router c sdng interface gigabit:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#ospfauto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000trgi trth#c cho Gigabit

1.4 Authentication

- Authentication: m$i interface OSPF c thc cc key khc nhau+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.70 message-digest-key 1

md5 8 TnIf'j+as+Xt(Q+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.70authentication message-

digest+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.78 message-digest-key 1

md5 8 @jtq4k.pI/pZ)Q+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address 203.210.146.78authentication message-

digest

1th#c cht gip 2 router khng mun thy nhau trong khi u chy

OSPF trn cng mt vng. 8dng quyt nh mt kh%u c cencrypted format khng?

M&c nh, khi c s#thay i LSA loi 5 ho&c 7, tcc exterrnal route, OSPFs'tnh ton li (ng i mi chcho duy nht nh"ng LSA thay i . Tuy nhinc thti u ho (ng i, OSPF cho php tnh ton li tt cch!n bestroute cho tt cnh"ng external route b)ng lnh:

+ VTN2_ERX(config-router)#disable-incremental-external-sfp

- Lu : Mi khi bu DR xong th router lm DR c gi(li cho nkhi no b down cho d c mt router u tin hn n xut hin trong

mng.

2. Qui trnh Khai bo giao thc MPLS

Trong mng VTN, MPLS network c cu hnh theo dng topology-driven nn trong phm vi ti ny chcp n cch khai bo sau: LDP t#

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ng thit lp cc LSP cho IGP, direct hay static route. V nhvy vic cu hnhchl enable tnh n*ng MPLS router t#ng sdng LDP m&c nh

Global config thit lp cc thng schung MPLS cho mt router:

+ Enable MPLS (m&c nh enable):

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls

+ Config router LSR to topology-driven LSP

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls topology-driven-lsp

Interface profile config Cu hnh profile sdng LDP/RSVP cho interface:

+ Vo profile tng ng (c thsdng profile default) cu hnh

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls ldp profile interface default

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls rsvp profile interface default

Interface config Cu hnh mt interface trn LSR chy MPLS:

VTN2_ERX(config-if)#mpls

(p profile ldp/rsvp cho interface)

VTN2_ERX(config-if)#mpls ldp profile default

2.1 MPLS v DiSfferv

Hin nay trong mng VTN ang cu hnh MPLS h$trDiffServ thng qua EXP

di hnh thc statical config:

+ Mapping traffic class vo tr(ng EXP

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match traffic-class "best-effort"color greenset exp-bits 4VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match traffic-class "TRC-EXPEDITED"color greenset exp-bits 5VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match traffic-class "TRC-ASSURED"color greenset exp-bits 2VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match traffic-class "TRC-C7"color greenset exp-bits 4

trong sch!n t0..7 phn bit cc class. Nhvy c n 7 class c thtruyn trong MPLS network.

+ Mapping tr(ng EXP ngc trli traffic-classVTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match exp-bits 2set traffic-class "TRC-ASSURED"color greenVTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match exp-bits 4set traffic-class "TRC-C7"color greenVTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match exp-bits 5set traffic-class "TRC-EXPEDITED"color green

3. Qui trnh khai bo giao thc BGP-4

- Khi to BGP routing process.

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- nh ngha mng cn qung b.- Thit lp quan hvi Neighbor v nh ngha Peer Groups.- V hiu ho tnh n*ng Synchronization.- +ng dng Policy-base routing dng route-map.- Cu hnh qung b cc thng tin VPN.

3.1 Khi to BGP routing process.VTN2_ERX(config)#router bgp 65400VTN2_ERX(config-router)#bgprouter-id 203.210.144.162

- Cho php BGP qung b route tExternal vo Internal.

VTN2_ERX(config-router)#bgp advertise-best-external-to-internalVTN2_ERX(config-router)#bgp log-neighbor-changes

3.2 nh ngha mng cn qung b.

VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 203.210.251.0mask 255.255.255.0VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 222.253.176.0mask 255.255.248.0VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 222.253.184.0mask 255.255.255.0VTN2_ERX(config-router)#network 222.253.185.0mask 255.255.255.0

3.3 Thit lp quan hvi Neighbor v nh ngha Peer Groups.VTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNpeer-groupVTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor 203.210.144.2peer-group VTNVTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNremote-as 65400VTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNpassword VTNVTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNupdate-source 203.210.144.162

- Qung b cho neighbor cc gi trAttribute (Metric BGP th#c hinnh tuyn ng).

VTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNsend-community

3.4 V hiu ho tnh n*ng Synchronization.VTN2_ERX(config-router)#no synchronization

3.5 +ng dng Policy-base routing dng route-map.(Optional)

Dng IP prefix-list (mt hnh thc Access-list) phn loi traffic.VTN2_ERX(config)#ip prefix-list "addr_pools"seq 5permit 222.253.176.0/21VTN2_ERX(config)#ip prefix-list "addr_pools"seq 10permit 203.210.251.0/24

VTN2_ERX(config)#ip prefix-list "addr_pools"seq 15permit 222.253.182.0/24VTN2_ERX(config)#ip prefix-list "addr_pools"seq 20permit 222.253.183.0/24VTN2_ERX(config)#ip prefix-list "deny_all"seq 5deny 0.0.0.0/0

To route-mapVTN2_ERX(config)#route-map "137_ip_pools"permit 10VTN2_ERX(config-route-map)#match ip address prefix-list "addr_pools"

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- Gn cho route-map ny ga trAttribute l 4286054500khi route nyqung b cho neighbor. (y l metric, BGP d#a vo gi tr ny th#c hin nh tuyn ng).

VTN2_ERX(config-route-map)#set community 4286054500

Cu hnh Route-map cho BGP.VTN2_ERX(config)#router bgp 65400VTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNroute-map "block_everything"inVTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTNroute-map "137_ip_pools"out

Cc lnh trn p cc route-map cho chiu in/out ca traffic.

3.6 Cu hnh qung b cc thng tin VPN.(Optional)VTN2_ERX(config)#router bgp 65400VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address-family vpnv4 unicastVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#neighbor 203.210.144.2 activateVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#neighbor 203.210.144.2 send-community extended

VTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#exit-address-family- Cho php BGP trao i thng tin Address-family vi peer

VTN2_ERX(config-router)#address-family ipv4 vrf DSLAM-NMSVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)# no synchronizationVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#no auto-summaryVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#redistribute connectedVTN2_ERX(config-router-af)#exit-address-family

4. Qui trnh khai bo, cu hnh QoS trn Juniper Router

- Phn loi Traffic (Classification).

- Thit lp Policy, Marking //Marking mpls traffic.- Thit lp Scheduling.- Cu hnh Congestion Avoidance.- To ra QoS-profile hon chnh.- p QoS-profile ln mt Interface.

4.1 Phn loi Traffic (Classification)

- nh ra i tngVTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list CLL-VOIP ip any anyVTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list CLL-C7 udp any range 10200 10695 any range

10200 10695VTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list intruder ip host 220.150.85.58 anyVTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list intruder ip any host 203.210.144.27VTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list intruder ip any host 203.210.146.70VTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list SECURITY tcp 10.147.0.0 0.0.255.255 10.147.0.00.0.255.255eq 445VTN2_ERX(config)#classifier-list SECURITY tcp 10.147.0.0 0.0.255.255 10.147.0.00.0.255.255eq 445

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- nh ngha ra cc lp traffic, vi traffic thuc lp ny c phc vutin hn traffic thuc cc lp khc

VTN2_ERX(config)#traffic-class "TRC-EXPEDITED"VTN2_ERX(config-traffic-class)#fabric-strict-priority

VTN2_ERX(config)#traffic-class "TRC-C7"VTN2_ERX(config-traffic-class)#fabric-strict-priority

VTN2_ERX(config)#traffic-class "best-effort"VTN2_ERX(config)#traffic-class "TRC-ASSURED"

4.2 Thit lp Policy.

- nh ngha rate-limit-profile c tn l BW-256k gii hn chim dngb*ng thng hthng ti a l 256kbps

VTN2_ERX(config)#ip rate-limit-profile BW-256k

VTN2_ERX(config-rate-limit-profile)#committed-rate 256000

- nh ngha ra policy c tn l pol-voip, policy ny ly i tng CLL-VOIP gn vo lp traffic TCR-EXPEDITED. Traffic ny s'c xlvi u tin 10 chchim ti a 256kbps b*ng thng ca hthng.

VTN2_ERX(config)#ip policy-list pol-voipVTN2_ERX(config-policy-list)#traffic-class TCR-EXPEDITED traffic-groupCLL-VOIPprecedence 10VTN2_ERX(config-policy-list)#rate-limit-profile BW-256k

- Trong tr(ng hp sdng Layer 2 QoS.(trong th#c t, VTN ng dngcng nghchuyn mch MPLS), c th l!c ra MPLS traffic, gn CoScho MPLS traffic, ,ng th(i Mark MPLS traffic . ngha ca Marky l nh du cc MPLS frame vi nguy cDrop khc nhau.

VTN2_ERX(config)#mpls match traffic-class TRC-EXPEDITED coloryellow set exp-bits 5

- Red: Khn*ng bDrop cao.- Yellow: Khn*ng bDrop trung bnh.- Green: Khn*ng bDrop thp.

4.3 Thit lp Scheduling.- To hng iVTN2_ERX(config)#scheduler-profile "HIGH:EF"VTN2_ERX(config-scheduler-profile)#weight 65

VTN2_ERX(config)#scheduler-profile "HIGH:C7"VTN2_ERX(config-scheduler-profile)#weight 5VTN2_ERX(config-scheduler-profile)#strict-priority

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- To queue-profile. Traffic c gn queue-profile ny, khi uc xpvo Exgress queue, s'c dnh khng gian buffer nhiu hn so vim&c nh (gi trbuffer-weight m&c nh l 60).

VTN2_ERX(config)#queue-profile "QUEUE-EXPEDITED"VTN2_ERX(config-queue-profile)#buffer-weight 5VTN2_ERX(config)#queue-profile "QUEUE-C7"VTN2_ERX(config-queue-profile)#buffer-weight 5

4.4 Cu hnh Congested Avoidance hn chtt ngh'n.VTN2_ERX(config)#drop-profile DRP-DFLTVTN2_ERX(config-drop-profile)#committed-threshold 65000

Lnh ny nh ngha dorp-profile tn l DRP-DFLT. Traffic p dng drop-

profile ny c mc ngng l 65Kbyte buffer, phn traffic vt qu ngng nys'bDrop.

4.5 To mt QoS-profile hon chnh v p vo mt interface cth.

VTN2_ERX(config)#qos-profile GENERAL-1VTN2_ERX(config-qos-profile)# ip queue traffic-class "TRC-EXPEDITED" queue-profile"QUEUE-EXPEDITED" scheduler-profile "HIGH:EF" drop-profile defaultVTN2_ERX(config-qos-profile)# lsp queue traffic-class "TRC-C7" queue-profile "QUEUE-C7"scheduler-profile "HIGH:C7" drop-profile DRP-DFLT

Cc lnh ny khi to QoS-profile hon chnh c tn l GENERAL-1.Trong QoS profile ny p dng cho traffic c phn loi ttraffic-class CLL-VOIP (i vi IP traffic) v TRC-C7 (i vi lsp MPLS traffic). &c tnh vqueue, schedule, drop ca traffic-class ny c nh ngha trong queue-profile,scheduler-profile, v drop-profile.

4.6 p profile QoS vo mt interface cth.VTN2_ERX(config)#interface pos 8/0VTN2_ERX(config-if)#qos-profile GENERAL-1VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip policy input pol-voip statistic enable

Sau khi p m hnh QoS ny vo interface POS 8/0, tt c traffic luthng trn inteface ny s'c kim tra, phn loi v c x l theo nh"ngchnh sch c nh ngha trong QoS-profile.

Ngoi ra, traffic voip s'c gii hn mc 256kbps (theo nhpolicy-list pol-voip).

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5. Qui trnh khai bo AAA.

- Bt tnh n*ng cho php cu hnh AAA trn router.- nh ngha mt sthng scho RADIUS server

- nh ngha phng thc kim tra AAA5.1 Cho php chc n*ng AAA trn router.

VTN2_ERX(config)#aaa new-model

- Chr a chsource, port v key bt tay ca AAA server.VTN2_ERX(config)#radius authentication server 203.162.4.15VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#udp-port 1645VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#key "vtn2-bras"

VTN2_ERX(config)#radius accounting server 203.162.4.15VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#udp-port 1646VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#key "vtn2-bras"

5.2 Mt sthng s.

- nh ngha cch client dng server no trong danh sch cc serverRADIUS

VTN2_ERX(config)#radius algorithm round-robin- Xc nh a chsource thay v ly Router ID lm source giao tip vi

RADIUSVTN2_ERX(config)#radius update-source-addr 203.210.144.107

- Khai bo nh dng thng snas-indentified

VTN2_ERX(config)#radius nas-identifier ADSL5.3 nh ngha phng thc kim tra.

- Xc nh sdng radius Authentication v AccountingVTN2_ERX(config)#aaa authentication ppp default radius.VTN2_ERX(config)#aaa accounting ppp default radius.

- Show cu hnh radius trn BRAS137_ERX#show radius authentication servers

RADIUS Authentication Configuration-----------------------------------Udp Retry Maximum Dead

IP Address Port Count Timeout Sessions Time Secret---------------- ------ ----- ------- -------- ---- ------203.162.4.15 1645 3 3 255 0 123456

137_ERX#show radius authentication statisticsRADIUS Authentication Statistics--------------------------------

Statistic 203.162.4.15

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----------------------- ------------UDP Port 1645Round Trip Time 2Access Requests 465977Rollover Requests 0

Retransmissions 12754Access Accepts 435628Access Rejects 26470Access Challenges 0Malformed Responses 0Bad Authenticators 0Requests Pending 0Request Timeouts 16633Unknown Responses 0Packets Dropped 7

6. Quy trnh khai bo BRAS

- Khai bo License cho mt BRAS miVTN2_ERX(config)#license b-ras b-ras_lisenseVTN2_ERX(config)#aaa domain-map vtn2

- Khai bo Radius AAA serverVTN2_ERX(config)#radius authentication server IPAddress_of_radius_serverVTN2_ERX(config-radius)#udp-port 1645VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#key vtn2VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#exitVTN2_ERX(config)#radius accounting server IPAddress_of_radius_serverVTN2_ERX(config-radius)#udp-port 1646VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#key vtn2VTN2_ERX(config-radius)#exit

- Khai bo interface kt ni n DSLAMVTN2_ERX(config)#controller sonet 1/0VTN2_ERX(config-controller)#clock source internal moduleVTN2_ERX(config-controller)#no shutVTN2_ERX(config-controller)#exit

VTN2_ERX(config)#interface atm 1/0VTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm sonet stm-1VTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm clock internal chassisVTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm vc-per-vp 4096VTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm description "Link to DSLAM HUB DaLat - FO"VTN2_ERX(config)#interface atm 1/0.4095 point-to-point

VTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm pvc vdc vpi vci aal5nsapVTN2_ERX(config-if)#description Ket Noi ve DSLAMVTN2_ERX(config-if)#encapsulation pppVTN2_ERX(config-if)#ppp authentication chapVTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip access-routeVTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip unnumber loopback 0VTN2_ERX(config-if)#exit

- Khai bo nh tuyn IP pool

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VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip route 203.210.231.0 255.255.255.0 atm 1/0.4095VTN2_ERX(config-if) #show ip route static

- Khai bo IP PoolVTN2_ERX(config-if) # ip local pool 137_DSL_pool 203.210.231.1

203.210.231.254

- Khai bo Prefix-listVTN2_ERX(config-if) #ip prefix-list addr_pools sequence 10 permit 203.210.231.0/24v prefix-list s'lin quan n ROUTE-MAP, c khai bo trong giao thc BGProute-map 137_ip_pools

- Trong protocol BGP:VTN2_ERX(config)#router bgp 65000VTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTN route-map "block_everything" inVTN2_ERX(config-router)#neighbor VTN route-map "137_ip_pools" out

7. Quy trnh cu hnh Interface POS

- Cu hnh mc vt l- Cu hnh cc giao din- Kim tra li cu hnh

HCM-VTN2_ERX#show hardwareserial assembly assembly ram

slot type number number rev. (MB)---- ------------ ---------- ---------- -------- ----0 --- --- --- --- ---1 DPFE 7100521409 3500007001 A03 642 --- --- --- --- ---3 --- --- --- --- ---4 --- --- --- --- ---5 --- --- --- --- ---6 SRP-10Ge 4303400547 3500005401 A11 5127 --- --- --- --- ---00208 OC3/OC12-POS 4302510592 3501103906 A06 1289 --- --- --- --- ---10 --- --- --- --- ---11 --- --- --- --- ---12 ??? ??? ??? ??? 25613 --- --- --- --- ---

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7.1 Cu hnh mc vt l

- Trn Router HCMHCM-VTN2_ERX(config)#controller sonet 8/0HCM-VTN2_ERX(config-controll)#sdh

HCM-VTN2_ERX(config-controll)#clock source internal chassisHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-controll)#path overhead j1 msg HCMHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-controll)#exit

- Trn Router HANOIHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config)#controller sonet 3/0HANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-controll)#sdhHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-controll)#clock source internal chassisHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-controll)#path overhead j1 msg HANOIHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-controll)#exit

7.2 Cu hnh cc giao din.

- Trn Router HCMHCM-VTN2_ERX(config)#interface pos 8/0HCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)#encapsulation pppHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)#description KET_NOI_VOI_HANOIHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)#clock source internal chassisHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0HCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)#pos framing sdhHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)# ip mask-replyHCM-VTN2_ERX(config-if)#exit

- Trn Router HANOI

HANOI-VTN1_ERX(config)#interface pos 3/0HANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)#encapsulation pppHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)#description KET_NOI_VOI_HCMHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)#clock source internal chassisHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0HANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)#pos framing sdhHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)# ip mask-replyHANOI-VTN1_ERX(config-if)#exit

7.3 Kim tra li cu hnh

- Trn Router HCMHCM-VTN2_ERX#show controller sonet 8/0

HCM-VTN2_ERX#show interface pos 8/0HCM-VTN2_ERX#ping 172.16.0.2

8. Quy trnh khai bo mng ring o VPN

8.1 To vrf trong default virtual routerHCM-VTN2_ERX#config terminalHCM-VTN2_ERX(config)#ip vrf VPN-VTN

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(Tn VPN l tuch!n v c-ng khng cn ging nhau ti cc Router, tuy nhind.qun l nn ch!n tn thng nht)

8.2 Khai bo rd AS:rd 65400:1070001

rd (route distinguisher) nh snhsau: AS number: nnn xxxx, trong AS number: 65400nnn: Router ID, ly 3 scui ca a chRouterxxxx: stht#ca VPN (Dorado nh st#ng t1)

8.3 Thit lp route-target import & export policyroute-target export 65400:1000001route-target import 65400:2000001route-target import 65400:1500001

Thng th(ng rt (route-target) ly trng vi rd, nu mng full-mesh th chcn 1rt cho tt c: vd: 65400:8000 v bng routing s'qung b cho tt ccc routertrn mng c import cng 1 rt : route-target both 65400:xxxx

8.4 Khai bo interface PE-to-CEVTN2_ERX(config)#virtual-router :VPN-VTN

VTN2_ERX(config)#interface loopback 0VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255

VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip description "Just a loopback address for VPN

VTN2_ERX(config)#interface atm 2/2.961VTN2_ERX(config-if)#encapsulation bridge1483VTN2_ERX(config-if)#atm pvc 4560 1 992 aal5snap

(cu hnh trn sc nm default router)VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip description "VPN-VTN connect to Siemens TELEQrouter "VTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip unnumbered loopback 0

orVTN2_ERX(config-if)#ip address 10.254.1.1 255.255.255.252 (a ch WANnu l routed1483)

8.5 Cu hnh routes n site khch hng - static routeng trong VRF :VPN-VTN to static route

VTN2_ERX:default:VPN-VTN(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 atm 2/2.961

8.6 config iBGP peering vpnv4VTN2_ERX#virtual-router default

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VTN2_ERX(config)#router bgp 65400VTN2_ERX(config-router)#raddress-family ipv4 vrf VPN-VTNVTN2_ERX(config-router)#no synchronization (default)VTN2_ERX(config-router)#no auto-summary (default)VTN2_ERX(config-router)# redistribute static or redistribute connected

VTN2_ERX(config-router)#exit-address-family (default)

8.7 Khai bo VPN dnh cho Surpass

Bao g,m vpn-surpassv vpn-surpass-protectionCc thnh phn ca h thng Surpass s' kt ni vi nhau qua vpn-surpass.Bn cnh vpn-surpass-protection l VPN c to ra d# phng chovpn-surpass. Cchd#phng nhsau:

- D" liu khai bo cho vpn-surpass-protection hon ton gingvi d"liu khai bo cho vpn-surpass.

- Hai VPN ny c cu hnh chung mt Route-Target. Tuy nhin

ti cng mt th(i im ch c 1 VPN trng thi Active, ccinterface 1 trong 2 VPN s'trng thi down, nn s#trng achIP s'khng nh hng n hot ng ca cc VPN ny.

- Trong tr(ng hp xy ra s# c port chnh. Khi , cc porttng ng trn vpn-surpass-protection s' chuyn sang trngthi up, BGP s'qung b cc route lin quan, v hthng trli h!at ng bnh th(ng.

Khi khai bo VPN dnh cho VoIP: cn lu mt sim sau:- vpn-surpass v vpn-surpass-protection c-ng ging VPN bnh

th(ng, h!at ng chFull-Mess.- Lu lng chy trn cc VPN ny bao g,m thng tin iu khin

v lu lng VoIP, cho nn cc lu lng ny phi c phnloi v gn cho mt mc u tin nht nh (gn cc thng svQoS).

137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show ip int briefInterface IP-Address Status Protocol Description

-------------------- ------------------- ---------- ----------- ---------------null0 255.255.255.255/32 up uploopback0 172.31.0.162/32 up up "Testing interf

ace for VPN SurPass"

FastEthernet3/4 192.168.100.25/29 up up "Link to HiG1000V3 Payload ofMoPC 15-19"

FastEthernet3/0 192.168.100.9/29 up up "Link to HiG1000V3 Payload ofMoPC-0&&-4"

FastEthernet3/2 192.168.100.1/29 up up "Link to HiG1000V3 OAM&PayLoadMoPC-5,6,13,14

"FastEthernet3/2 192.168.100.17/29* up up "Link to HiG100

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0V3 OAM&PayLoadMoPC-5,6,13,14

"Note: '*' indicates a secondary ip address.

137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show config interface FastEthernet3/2! NOTE: This script represents only a subset of the full system configuration.interface fastEthernet 3/2ip description "Link to HiG1000V3 OAM&PayLoad MoPC-5,6,13,14"ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.248ip mask-replyip address 192.168.100.17 255.255.255.248 secondaryip policy input "POL-C7" statistics enabled baseline enabledip rip receive version off

Trong : Policy input POL-C7c dng quy nh QoS cho thng tin bohiu v lu lng VoIP trn mng.

Thng tin chi tit vPolicy POL-C7137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show policy-list POL-C7

Policy Table------ -----

IP Policy POL-C7Administrative state: enableReference count: 6Classifier control list: CLL-C7, precedence 10

traffic-class TRC-C7Classifier control list: CLL-VOIP, precedence 20

traffic-class TRC-EXP

Referenced by interface(s):FastEthernet3/4 input policy, statistics enabled, virtual-routervpn-surpass

FastEthernet3/5 input policy, statistics enabled, virtual-routervpn-surpass-protection



FastEthernet3/0 input policy, statistics enabled, virtual-routervpn-surpass

FastEthernet3/2 input policy, statistics enabled, virtual-routervpn-surpass

Referenced by profile(s):NoneReferenced by merged policies

*Clasifier control list : CLL-C7 v CLL-VOIP c dng phn loi d(liu VoIP137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show classifier-list CLL-C7

Classifier Control List Table---------- ------- ---- -----

IP CLL-C7.1 udp any range 10200 10695 any range 10200 10695

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137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show classifier-list CLL-VOIP

Classifier Control List Table---------- ------- ---- -----

IP CLL-VOIP.1 ip any anySau khi phn loi, cc loi lu lng ny s'c gn mc QoS nh(vo traffic-class TRC-C7 v TRC-EXP.137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show traffic-class TRC-C7

fabrictraffic fabric strictclass weight priority------- ------ --------TRC-C7 8 yes

137_ERX:default:vpn-surpass#show traffic-class TRC-EXPfabric

traffic fabric strictclass weight priority------- ------ --------TRC-EXP 8 yes

9. Qui trnh khai bo thm mt DSLAM mi

9.1 Khai bo interfaceVTN2_ERX#vir :DSLAM-NMSVTN2_ERX#interface atm 2/0.4096VTN2_ERX# ip description DSLAM Thu Dau MotVTN2_ERX# atm pvc vcd vpi vci aal5snap 256 128 1VTN2_ERX# ip unnumbered loopback 1

9.2 Khai bo nh tuyn cho DSLAMVTN2_ERX# ip route 172.20.124.2 255.255.255.255atm 2/0.4096

9.3 Khai bo ADSL portVTN2_ERX# macro verbose portconfig.mac

10. Qui trnh khai bo thm port thu bao ADSL trn ATM

DSLAMThu thp cc thng tin:

- Vtr Slot ca card ATM: show version- Vtr Port ca DSLAM HUB: (DSLAM cn khai bo u vo DSLAM HUB

no): show interface atm 1/0 .- ATM sub interface: xem trong file Excel- VPI (Virtual Path Identifier)

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- VCI (Virtual Circuit Identifier)(Thng th(ng BTnh s' thng bo yu cu khai bo card th my caDSLAM: lu i vi DSLAM ca Alcatel th 1 card c 24 port, DSLAM caSiemens th 1 card c 32 port ADSL, cnhvy s'tnh c VCI)

- VCD xem trong file Excel- Number of Sub interface: sport/card cn khai bo- Profile: c hai profile : pppox-640K-2M v pppox_640K-2M (sau ny s'

thng nht ch1 profile thi) hn chtc truy cp ca khch hngvo Internet nh/ hn 2Mb/s. xem BRAS ang s dng Profile nodng lnh:VTN2_ERX#show profile briefVTN2_ERX#show atm subinterface atm 1/0.1010010032 .

kim tra macro trc khi chy: macro test autoconfig.mac

10.1i vi BRAS Bnh Dng, ,ng NaiBDG_ERX#macro verbose autoconfig.macEnter ATM slot/port: 2/0Enter Start ATM sub interface: 33Enter VP number (0-255): 1Enter VC number (31-4095): 64 ( = sub interface + 31)Enter VCD Start no: 1064Enter number of Sub interfaces: 24Enter Profile Name: pppox-640K-2M

10.2i vi cc BRAS cn li

Atm subinterface v VCD trng nhau v theo nguyn tc:BRAS Sub interface = BRAS PVC-ID = 1xxYzzKKKK1xx = 100 + BRAS Slot No. (e.g: slot 0=>1xx=100, slot 13=>1xx=113)Y = BRAS Port No. (e.g: port 2/1=>Y=1, port 3/0=>Y=0)zz = VPI (1-99) (e.g: VPI=9 => zz=09, VPI=15 => zz=15)KKKK = VCI (32-4096) (e.g: VCI=34 => KKKK=0034, VCI=156 => KKKK=0156, VCI=2014=> KKKK=2014)EX: slot/port=1/1, vpi=24, vci=35 => subint=PVC-ID=1011240035

VTN2_ERX#macro verbose portconfig.macEnter ATM slot: 1Enter ATM port: 0Enter VPI number (1-99): 3Enter start VCI number (32-4096): 34Enter number of Sub interfaces: 32Enter Profile Name: pppox_640K-2M

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Khi chy macro s'hin thln mn hnh cc thng tin cn thit. kimtra li sdng lnh: Show atm sub interface atm 1/0.1010010032 xemsub interface u tin v sub interface cui cng va to.

11. Qui trnh khai bo thm port thu bao ADSL trn IPDSLAM

IP DSLAM sdng giao tip Ethernet kt ni n BRAS. Do c th qun l c cc thu bao xDSL, VLAN ID c s dng trnrouter ERX 1440. Tuy nhin vic gii hn s lng 4096 VLAN ID trnmt interface khin vic nhn dng cc thu bao trnn kh kh*n khi ccDSLAM c u theo m hnh RING ho&c CHAIN. V vy vic khai botrn BRAS c-ng nh trn DSLAM v RADIUS c khc so vi cch khaibo i vi ATM DSLAM

11.1Khai bo qun l DSLAM

interface gigabitEthernet 13/0ethernet description "Management for all Core Switches KGG"mtu 1526encapsulation vlan

!----------------------------------------------interface gigabitEthernet 13/0.1093svlan id 1000 1093svlan ethertype 8100pppoepppoe remote-circuit-id

Trong SVLAN ID c sdng t*ng slng VLAN ID dng phn bit cc DSLAM vi nhau. SVLAN Type nh ngha loi SVLANc dng (phi ging nhau BRAS v IP DSLAM).

11.2Khai bo cc thu baopppoe subinterface gigabitEthernet 13/0.1000.1encapsulation pppppp authentication pap chapprofile any pppoEonly!Trong profile pppoEonly c nh ngha nhsau:profile PPPOEip unnumbered loopback 2ip sa-validateip policy input "Mega-Maxi-In"statistics enabled

ip policy output "Mega-Maxi-Out"statistics enabledppp authentication pap chappppoe sessions 1pppoe remote-circuit-idCu lnh remote-circuit-id c sdng nh du phn bit thu

bao PPPoE vi nhau. Tr(ng remote-circuit-id s' c RADIUS nhndng, t s' kim tra xc th#c c-ng nh p chnh xc gi cc chong thu bao ny.

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12. Qui trnh khai bo thm di a ch IP cho thu bao ADSL(IP Pool)

12.1Khai bo nh tuyn IP poolVTN2_ERX#ip route 203.210.231.0 255.255.255.0 null 0VTN2_ERX#show ip route static

12.2Khai bo IP PoolVTN2_ERX#ip local pool 137_DSL_pool 203.210.231.1 203.210.231.254VTN2_ERX#show ip local pool

12.3Khai bo Prefix-listVTN2_ERX#ip prefix-list addr_pools sequence 10 permit 203.210.231.0/24VTN2_ERX#show ip prefix-list

v prefix-list s'lin quan n ROUTE-MAP, c khai bo trong giao thcBGProute-map 137_ip_pools

VTN2_ERX#show route-map

Trong protocol BGP:neighbor VTN route-map "block_everything" inneighbor VTN route-map "137_ip_pools" out

Ch qung b 137_ip_pools ra bn ngoi thi, khng nhn bng nh

tuyn tbn ngoi vo.

12.4Khai bo BGPVTN2_ERX#router bgp 65400VTN2_ERX#network 203.210.231.0 mask 255.255.255.0

VTN2_ERX#show ip bgpVTN2_ERX#show ip protocols

13. Update NVS card SRP module

13.1Tr(ng hp chc mt SRP trong hthngNu hthng chc duy nht SRP th bt buc phi tt router mi c thth#c hin c vic update

Halt hthngNgt ngu,nTho SRP modulThay card NVS

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Lp li SRP modulBt li ngu,n

13.2Tr(ng hp c hai SRP

Xc nh SRP backupTho SRP backupThay card NVSLp li SRP modul,ng bcp nht NVS:

VTN2_ERX#synchronizeReboot SRP back up:

VTN2_ERX#reload slot khe-cm-cha-backupSRPChuyn vai tr 2 SRP:

VTN2_ERX#srp switchTho card backup SRPThay card NVS,ng bcp nht NVS

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Chng II. Bo dng ROUTER JUNIPER

1. Phn cp bo dng:

&c th ti Cng ty Vi.n thng lin tnh l hthng NGN c giao choi iu hnh Chuyn mch Lin tnh ti cc Trung tm qun l, vn hnh khaithc v bo dng nh k. (Xng Bo dng ch th#c hin bo dng ccthit btruyn d0n). Do qui trnh bo dng c phn lm 2 cp:

1.1 Bo dng Cp 1:

Bo dng cp Trung tm, y chnh l do cp i HCMLT th#c hin,phn cng cho cc CBKT chuyn su vlnh v#c NGN ca i HCMLT th#chin. Bo dng cp 1 bao g,m cc cng vic bo dng nh k hng qu,hng n*m.

1.2 Bo dng Cp 2:

Bo dng cp i/ Trm: do TChuyn mch thuc i HCMLT th#chin, phn cng cc CBKT tr#c ca vn hnh khai thc th#c hin. Bo dng cp

2 bao g,m cc cng vic bo dng nh ktrong cc ca tr#c, bo dng nhkhng ngy, hng tun, hng thng.

2. Cc quy trnh bo dng, kim tra nh k:

2.1 nh km$i ca tr#c:

2.1.1 Kim tra tnh trng hat ng cc kt ni tcc ERX, BRASvM160

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Chng II: Quy trnh bo dng

!- - - " #

- - - - - -

2.1.2 Kim tra vic kt ni internet ca BRAS v ERX$%&'(# )))!" #$"$%&$"# $$$

'"!" () %* )**)+)+ !&, - %$.....',%% / - 0 1+ /,"/! &!"11&2 - 11 &

2.1.3 Kim tra cc thu bao ADSL345678 ,-- ,.

9!/,,/ ',:%/!:/ ) "

,

',:%/!:/ %%*); ',:%/!:/ %+/

345678 ,--',:%/!:/ !

9!/, ?/@6" ,/

%>!"*" $$$1% ,

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!,"* $$$1% ,/"!! $$$1% ,

%>%*!" $$$1% ,&" $$$1% ,

:"*,% $$$1% ,*:%",>"*, $$$1% ,"&&!:% $$$1% ,*,>> $$$1% ,:5"*,% $$$1% ,%%:%* $$$1/!, ,

2.1.4 Kim tra lu lng trn mng thng qua PRTG software

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2.2 nh kh)ng tun

2.2.1 Kim tra cc lnh thc thi trn hthng, xem thng tincc Session truy cp hthng thng qua Syslog server.

2.2.2 Hin ththng tin vti nguyn hthng $+9=5678 ,!0) !$$$

'>& ,/%

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D) C D? C B6 C

9=5678 ) !$$$$

%*! ! 2+ /$ 2:/!% 4: /$ " "',:>&D;" ; (E * !;+ 0 ,+ &%* /,""!" %"!/ ? ;+ E ;/ /,""%> !%*"/// ":+ ,>"% ":+ !" >"% ;

"!" ":> &>

!" /,""%> ""&/,/ ;!&!" /!&/>

/!&/> " 1 ;%"/> !"/" ' %!/ ;/!/> !"/" ' %!/ ;,,/ ":

>& /!" >

. ,,//" !&

'>& : )/% /

%"!,/ :> )( , >+ + ,/+ / $+ $+ $

F&/G

. !

2.3 nh kh)ng thng

2.3.1 Hin thcc modul c trong hthng9=5678

/! &:> &:> /& > ",&:/ ",&:/ /$ (E 461B6 ? 461B6 ? 461B6 ?

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D1D)D' ? 461B6 ? 461B6 ? ')4 ? ')4 ?

461B6 ? 461B6 ? D1D)D' ? D1D?( ? 461B6 ?

",&:/

/! &:> &:> (? > ",&:/ ",&:/ /$ /

B6 1D ? B6 1D ? 46'B) 1D ? D(( 1D ? B6 1D ? B6 1D ? ')4 1D ? B6 1D ? 46(( 1D ?

D'( 1D ? D'( 1D ? B6 1D ?

: (? / $$ $$ $$ $$% $$:: $$

$$ $$: $$ $$: $$: $$

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/H" (

I// !""/>& 9/!" )/ ",&:/ '/! ",&:/ 3%/!!"*! ((!" 69 ?C ( E%;"B)( (E 69 ? B)( E/B)( 3!> 69 IJ B)( 3!>) 69 IK ( ))6( )E )/ 6"/> (,)6( )E )/ 6"/> (,)4 69 IJ ( )B6 %;)4 69 IJ ( )B6 %;,!" 6"!" 69 ) 6$

,!" 6"!" 69 ) 6$(' 69 IJ ('(' 69 II (''B( ')) 69 I '))

2.4 nh kh)ng qu

2.4.1 Backup cu hnhChuyn cu hnh hin hnh trn ERX-Router thnh dng File *.scr, *.cnf

9=5678 #, 9=5678. ,#1#,

(trong erx_137 l tn router, ddmmyyyy l th(i gian to file cu hnh)

9=567%"!8 (nh ngha host c tn l VTN2 c a chIP l 203.210.145.154 c chc

n*ng FTP server)

Sao lu cu hnh trn FTP server.9=5678. 9=5678.

(copy cc file cu hnh (*.scr, *.cnf) sang FTP server)

2.4.2 Lm sch bnhFlash nh kMc ch: kim tra dung lng bnhFlash, xa bt nh"ng File backup-

config lu tr" lu.

675)8) !$$$?%!1":> ! >& / >"%*/"!A$

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,"*/ !"! !A !A 9!"& ,

!;1!"%&!" L3M 11 !;1,!" L3M 11

2"3%&1%&) &/*&% &/*&% %44& *"*"2"3%&1%%&) &5/%/% &5/%/% %4%4& /"+"+!;/:$*> 11 !;/%"!$&% 11 !;/$&% 11 !;"%"!$&% 11 !;"$&% 11 !;/25$/ 11 .!;/2%"$%/ 11 ":>!;/:$*> 11

3!; %%!>

%!> B/ /3!% :> :> :>

2" *+5+ /&//%%/ /*&++-.12" *+5+ /&&&% /*&++

2.4.3 Xa cc file c.675)8! 3%&1%&)675) 8! 3%&1%&)

2.4.4 Kim tra tnh hnh s! d"ng IP cp pht cho thu baoInternet.

Mc ch: xem mc sdng a chIP hin ti. Tcc kt quny, cthd#on nhu cu trong tng lai c kh!ach phn bthm IP Pool chohp l.

345678 !! !I!* ?:

) */* */* / 3453'5) =

"E!" 6" B/

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$$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$

$$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$ $$$

2.4.5 Switch over SRPXem hai card ,ng bvd"liu cha (cng file config)

9=5678 ) !$$$

%*! ! 2+ /$ 2:/!% 4: /$ " "',:>&D;" ; (E * !;+ 0 ,+ &%* /,""!" %"!/ ? ;+ E " /"

NNN / /,""%> !%*"/// ":+ ,>"% !:+ ! >&NNN %/ &!!" / !""!" ":> &!!" &>

!" /,""%> ""&/,/ ;!&!" /!&/>/!&/> !"/" ' %!/ ;%"/> 2/" ' 6 ? 6D/!/> !"/" ' %!/ ;,,/ ":NNN >& /!" "

9=5678.0NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 3D=6

Hon i chc n*ng 2 card SRP (master v slave)9=5678

2.4.6 Restore cu hnh trong tr#ng hp thay SRP mi.-nh ngha FTP server.

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9=567%"!8 - Upload cu hnh tFTP server vo Flash ca SRP

9=5678. 9=5678.

- Boot li SRP theo cu hnh mong mun.9=567%"!8- # 67

(th#c hin boot li ERX theo file cu hnh erx_137_ddmmyyyy.scr.Option once cho php ERX router ch boot t file cu hnh

erx_137_ddmmyyyy.scr mt ln duy nht, cc ln reboot sau s'boot theo cuhnh dang chy. Nu khng c option ny, cc ln boot sau ERX router v0n boottheo file cu hnh erx_137_ddmmyyyy.scr

2.4.7 An ton vsinh cng nghip.- Vsinh thn, v/my.- Kim tra nhit hot ng ca thit b, nhit phng.

- Kim tra ni t thit b.- o im dng p, ngu,n in v so snh vi tiu chu%n k1thut.

2.4.8 Thay thtray qut- Thay thqut lm mt khng cn phi tt ngu,n in. Tuy nhin phi ch

thay thtrong th(i gian ngn, nu khng khi nhit t*ng n mc nhtnh router s'khng trng thi lm vic bnh th(ng m chuyn quachbo v.

67 67

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PHN PHLC:

GII THIU ROUTER JUNIPER M160,ERX v CC GIAO THC LIN QUAN

Chng I. Gii thiu Router M-160

1. Cu trc tng quan hthng M160

1.1 Ccu chuyn tip gi

Ccu ny c thchuyn tip n 160 triu gi trong mt giy, b*ng thng

tp trung router l 160 Gbps n cng v 80 Gbps song cng (10 Gbps trnm$i FPC). Ccu chuyn tip gi c th#c thi cc IC chuyn bit (ASIC) vbao g,m mt bnhchia s2h$trbtra bng tp trung.

Cc bphn cu thnh:

Midplane Kt ni gi"a FPC v SFM c-ng nhcc thnh phn hthng khc.

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Chng I: Gii thiu M160

SFM(Switching and Forwarding Modules)

FPC(Flexible PIC Concentrators)

PIC(Physical Interface Connectors) M$i PIC c mt IC iu khin.

PIC cung cp kt ni cp quang v giao tip sn mng. Cc PICcthsdng cho M160 ca VTN2 s'c trnh by phn sau.

PCG (Packet Forwarding Engine Clock Generator) Pht xung clock125 MHz xl gi, c hai PCG lm master v backup.

1.1.1 Modul chuyn tip v chuyn mch - SFMBao g,m cc IC Internet

Processor II (a ra cc quyt nhchuyn tip d#a vo tra bng, x l,chuyn mch n cc FPC ch) v IC

Distributed Buffer Manager (phn phicc cell d" liu v chuyn tip cckhai bo ca gi ra). M160 h$ tr tia 4SFM. Trng thi n led ca SFM:

Nhn Mu Tnh trng M t

SngSFM hot ng bnh

th(ngOK Xanh

Nhp nhy SFM khi ng

Fail Vng Sng SFM h/ng

1.1.2 Thanh tp trung cc PIC FPC

PhysicalPhysicalInterfaceInterface

CardCard

PhysicalPhysicalInterfaceInterface

CardCard

PICPICPICPIC

PICPICPICPIC

PICPICPICPIC

FPC

Buffer

Buffer

memory

memory

Buffer

Buffer

memory

memory

ASICASICASICASIC

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Cung cp bnhchia s2v ktni PIC n phn cn li ca router gi c th c nh tuyn nport tng ng. M$i FPC c mt ICPacket Director phn phi cc gi d"liu gi"a cc SFM, mt IC I/OManager chia cc gi d"liu nthnh cc khi nh(cell) 64 byte vti hp cc cell thnh gi d"liu khichng s3n sng cho truyn d0n. C 8 khe slot cm FPC tng ng viti a 8 FPC c thc trong mt router. M$i khe slot c hai n LED v mtnt Offline n)m pha trn n bng giao tip (thcng). n xanh chtrng

thi OK v n /ch trng thi h/ng. Nt offline hin thkhe slot v cdng khi tho b/FPC. Trc khi tho gFPC, nhn v gi"nt ny cho nkhi n trng thi h/ng bt ln.

1.1.3 Cc bc hot ng

Packet Forwarding Engine Components v dng d$liu: M160m bo gi d"liu i qua hthng y , M160 c thit k

cc IC chuyn bit phn cng nm gi" vic chuyn tip cc gi d" liu.Chu$i d"liu qua ccu chuyn tip theo cc bc sau:

a) Gi d"liu n giao tip vo ca PIC

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b) PIC chuyn gi n FPC, ti y IC Packet Director s'phn phi gicho cc IC I/O Manager

c) IC I/O Manager x l header ca gi, chia gi thnh cell 64 byte vgi chng n SFM thng qua midplane

d) IC Distributed Buffer Manager SFM phn phi cell qua b nhc chia s2n FPC

e) IC Internet Processor II SFM th#c thi tra bng nh tuyn v a raquyt nh chuyn tip.

f) IC ny c-ng khai bo IC Distributed Buffer Manager thhai SFM,l IC chuyn tip khai bo n giao tip ng ra.

g) IC I/O Manager FPC ti hp cc cell d" liu b nh chia s2

thnh cc gi data v truyn chng thng qua IC Packet Director n PIC ng ra.

h) PIC ng ra truyn i cc gi d"liu ti hp

1.2 Ccu nh tuyn

Cu trc nh tuyn M160

Ccu nh tuyn M160 nm gi"tt ccc xl giao thc nh tuyn c-ngnhcc phn mm khc iu khin giao tip router, phn cng, hthng qunl v cc cuc truy nhp vo router ca ng(i dng. Phn mm iu khin lJUNOS Internet. Cc nh tuyn v xl phn mm s'chy trn kernel giao tipvi ccu chuyn tip gi.

Ccu ny cung cp cc &c tnh sau:

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Xl cc gi giao thc nh tuyn Tt ccc gi giao thc nh tuyntmng u truyn n ccu ny, khng qua ccu chuyn tip gi.

Phn on phn mm B)ng cch chia cc phn mm chc n*ng khcnhau thnh cc qu trnh xl ring r', cc s#cs't hot khng nhhng n qu trnh xl chung.

Phn lp Khn*ng h$trcc giao tip, mch o ln

Giao din qun l C nhiu cp khc nhau ch!n l#a nhCLI(giao din cu hnh, qun l phn mm giao thc nh tuyn), thcnghay SNMP (giao thc qun l mng n gin).

IC Internet Processor II cho php bng chuyn tip (%ccu chuyn tipgi) c cp nht m khng phi ngt qung chuyn tip

Ccu nh tuyn M160 xy d#ng v duy tr mt hay nhiu bng nh tuynnhhnh trn. Tbng nh tuyn, ccu ny to ra mt bng tuyn ng g!i lbng chuyn tip chuyn n ccu chuyn tip gi.

C hai ccu nh tuyn RE trong router M160, mt l master (m&c nh l slot c nhn RE0) v mt backup. RE master s' quyt nh PCG no lmaster.

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1.3 H thng con iu khin h$n hp MCS (MiscellaneousControl Subsystem)

Lm vic vi c cu nh tuyn

cung cp chc n*ng iu khin v qunl cc thnh phn ca router c-ng nhcung cp clock SONET cho router. M$iMCS yu cu c cu nh tuyn kt nivi slot lin k vi n. Trong m$i routerM160 c hai host modul (c cu nhtuyn + MCS), mt host lm vic v mthost d#phng. CthMCS c cc chc n*ng sau:

MCS thu thp cc thng bo t cc cm bin trong h thng. Khi n

pht hin mt trng thi h/ng hay cnh bo, n gi tn hiu n ccunh tuyn RE pht thng bo hay thit lp cnh bo.

MCS cp ngu,n cho cc thnh phn ca router khi chng khi ng hayngt ngu,n khi nt offline bt

Qun l cc xung clock

Thng bo cho cc thnh phn ca router host modul no l master, vbackup, tng t#i vi PCG.

1.4 Giao din thcng( Craft interface)Giao din ny cung cp trng thi tng qut ca router v c cc nt refresh

hot ng cnh bo, tho gFPC.

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Hnh dng Mu sc Trng thi M thot ng

/ Sng

Cnh bo kh%n cp iu ny d0n nM160 c th ngng hot ng. Nguynnhn c thl: Cc thnh phn chc n*ngbtho b/, hh/ng hay nhit vt qu.

Vng Sng Cnh bo Duy tr mt thng bo haycnh bo tnh trng gia t*ng nhit .

- -Refresh li ton b cc cnh bo Khinhn nt ton b n trn giao din s'sng nh)m mc ch test li ton b.

Mn hnh LCD v cc nt lin quan:Mn hnh hin th4 dng vi 6 nt lin quan xung quanh, hot ng hai ch:

1.4.1 Mode IdleTrong sut qu trnh hot ng bnh th(ng, mn hnh hot ng mode

ny v lm nhim vbo co li thng tin tnh trng hin ti.

- Dng u tin Tn Router

- Dng thhai Th(i gian router hot ng, theo dng

Up ngy + gi:pht

- Dng ba v bn Thng bo tnh trng (ci &t hay tho g c thgin on thng bo).

ci &t mesage m&c nh s'c trnh by phn B.

1.4.2 Mode AlarmKhi cnh bo xut hin (n / ho&c vng), mn hnh chuyn ch

sang mode Alarm v thng bo vtnh trng alarm.

?D1

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- Dng thnht Tn router

- Dng thhai Sca cnh bo

- Dng ba v bn Thng bo cth, R l cnh bo /(kh%n cp), Y lcnh bo vng. (PEM: ngu,n cung cp DC)

1.5 Tm ni giao tip CIP (Connector Interface Panel)

N)m ngoi cng bn tri m&t trc M160, n bao g,m cc u ni giao

tip v cc cng tc cnh bo.

1.5.1 Port giao tip Ccu nh tuynMt n"a trn ca card l hai bport dnh cho vic kt ni vi mt hay

nhiu cc thit b ngoi ng(i iu khin c th chy cc lnh JUNOSqun l router. B port HOST0 ni vi C cu nh tuyn slot RE0 vHOST1 ni vi RE1.

ETHERNET

Ni Ccu nh tuyn qua kt ni Ethernet n mng LAN dng choqun l. Sdng u RJ 45 h$trkt ni 10Mbps hay 100Mbps. Hai nled nh/ bn tri port ch: kt ni 10Mbps (n vng sng); kt ni100Mbps (n xanh sng).

CONSOL

Kt ni RE n hthng iu khin thng qua port RS-232 ni tip

AUXILIARY

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Kt ni RE n laptop, modem hay cc thit bh$trkhc thng quaRS 232 ni tip.

1.5.2 Cng tc cnh bo

G,m hai cng tc kt ni router n cc thit bcnh bo khc. hai cngtc ny tng ng vi hai n cnh bo trn giao din thcng.

1.6 Cc card giao tip ang sdng trong hthng

1.6.1 SONET/SDH PICK1thut SONET/SDH l k1thut kt hp khn*ng b*ng thng ln v tn

dng u thca (ng truyn quang. K1thut ny ang c dng rng ricung cp tc truyn cao ng dng trong cshtng ca cc mngIP lp ln. Hin nay, Juniper cung cp series card giao tip SONET/SDH h$

trtc tOC-3c/STM-1 n OC192c/STM-64. M160 ca VTN 2 ang sdng mt scard loi ny.

OC-3c/STM4-portDai: 2km (MM)15km (IR)Bc song:1.270nm en

1.360nm

Card OC-3c/STM-1 PIC cung cap giai phapxay dng mang xng song s dung toco mach toc o cao OC-3c/STM-1. IC nayphat 155Mbps tren moi port, do o moi ICco the up len toi a la 622Mbps.

- Card ho tr ca hai mode multi va single.Hien nay M160 ang s dung 5 card Multi va1 card Single IR

- Card ch hoat ong che o lien ket(4 card tren mot FPC)

OC-12c/STM-41-portDai: 5km (IR)Bc song:

1.274nm en1.356nm

IC nay ho tr cho viec truyen toc ocao hn, phat luong STM-4 622Kbps, no cungco the cung cap 4 luong 155Mbps vi giaotiep n.

- Card ho tr ca hai mode multi va single.Hien nay M160 ang s dung 1 card Single IR.

- Card hoat ong ca che o lien ket(4 card tren mot FPC) lan khong lien ket.

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1-port OC-12c/STM-4 SONET/SDH PIC

C-48c/STM-16

1-portDai: 2kmBc song: 1.266nmen 1.360nm

Co the ap ng yeu cau bang thong

mang loi Internet. ng truyen 2,5 Gbps

- Hien nay M160 ang s dung 2 cardSingle SR.

- Card hoat ong ca che o lien ket(4 card tren mot FPC) lan khong lien ket.

1-port OC-48c/STM-16 SONET/SDH PIC

1.6.2 Ethernet PICGigabit Ethernet PIC cung cp tc 1Gbps v 10Gbps trn m$i port

h$trs#pht trin nhanh chng ca mng trc.

4mng trc, card Gigabit Ethernet kt ni router li n Switch chuynmch kt ni nh)m tp hp lng ln cc lu,ng vo mch tc cao. Hinnay M160 VTN2 trang bmt card 10Gbps 1port s3n sng kt ni vi VDCnh)m ho mng truy cp Internet.

Vi s#h$ trca card ny, cc kt ni

n mng trc internet s'c th(i gian phnh,i nhanh hn.

Vi cc ng dng yu cu b*ng thngcao truyn trong ni vng, card ny sdng si quang LX cho khong cch 10kmhay hn ph thuc vo s s, cp. Nu sdng si quang LH, khong cch c tht*ng ln n 70km.

Cc &c tnh:

H$trVLAN phn chia lu,ng gi"a cc server thnh cc lu,ngring r'o.

Tp trung lu,ng, c ngha l khn*ng kt hp mt tp cc port vitc lu,ng ging nhau vo mt knh o. Do h$tr,ng th(icc giao tip vt l song song gi"a cc thit b. C thcu hnh n16 nhm trn mt router vi m$i nhm g,m 8 port. Nu mt (ngd0n down, lu lng s'c ti cu trc vo cc (ng cn li.

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H$ tr(ng d0n chuyn mch nhn MPLS, do h$ tr rt ttcho cshtng IP bi khn*ng kt hp chuyn mch lp 2 vik1thut lu lng IP v (ng hm.

H$ trVRRP cp vt l. Do , m$i port vt l c th hotng nhl mt backup cho port vt l khc.

Thng tin lp hai c nh x ln lp ba v truyn qua tuynWAN. V dcc 802.1p tags s'c nh xvo DiffServ ca ccbit thng tin ca MPLS, do lp dch vCoS c thc mang ikhp cc u cui.

Cc &c im ca card 1-Gbps Gigabit Ethernet (SX interface):

Connector: SC

Chiu di c thca cp quang:200m-500m

Bc sng: 830-860nm

'n led Led trng thi: - Xanh: hot ng bnh th(ng

-/: Tt ccc link bdown- Tt: PIC khng hot ng

Led port: +(ng truyn: - Xanh:port ang online- Tt: Port down

+ Nhn d"liu: Nhy xanh

1.7 Ci &t v thay thcu trc ca M160

M160 l mt router cho mng trc do yu cu v th(i gian cht l tithiu. Juniper nh nghba mc sau ng dng cho vic ci &t v thay thccthnh phn trong M160:

Thnh phn ci &t, tho gbt k: Bn c thci &t hay tho gccthnh phn ny m khng cn ct ngu,n hay lm gin on chcn*ng nh tuyn.

Thnh phn nh hng tng i: Bn c thci &t hay tho gccthnh phn ny m khng cn ct ngu,n nhng chc n*ng nh tuyn

ca hthng bgin on khi thnh phn btho g.

Thnh phn nh hng tuyt i: Bn phi ngt ngu,n khi mun thogthnh phn ny.

TP ci &t, tho g

bt k

TP nh hng

tng i

TP nh hng

tuyt i

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L!c khng kh Khay qut FPC Card giao tip vt l

PIC

MCS B pht xung clockca ccu chuyn tipgi (PCG) Ccu nh tuynSFM

Tm ni giao tip(CIP ngoi cng bntri, m&t trc M160) Hp ngt in (ci

ny th ai c-ng bit :)

2. Phn mm iu khin _ JUNOS Internet

Phn mm RE bao g,m mt sphn mm xl iu khin chc n*ngrouter v mt kernel kt ni giao tip gi"a cc bxl, bao g,m:

Xl giao thc nh tuyn

Xl giao tip

Xl MIB II (Management Information Base) v SNMP (Simple NetworkManagement Protocol)

Xl iu khin

Kernel RE (Ccu nh tuyn)

2.1 Xl giao thc nh tuyn

Phn mm ny iu khin giao thc nh tuyn chy trn M160. Xl giaothc nh tuyn khi ng tt ccc cu hnh giao thc nh tuyn v nm gi"tt ccc thng ip nh tuyn. Cc thng tin nh tuyn s'c phn mmcp nht vo bng nh tuyn v xc nh tuyn (ng khdcho mt ch no trong mng, t cc bc i s'c up ln bng chuyn tip ca ccunh tuyn (RE). Cui cng, phn mm ny s' th#c thi cc chnh sch (policy)m bn yu cu xc nh cch thng tin nh tuyn c truyn i gi"a giaothc nh tuyn v bng nh tuyn.

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2.1.1 Giao thc nh tuynGiao thc nh tuyn lin kt hot ng vi giao thc nh tuyn IP v cung

cp lp v iu khin cn thit cho mng li Internet. N h$trmt sgiao thc

chuyn tip v k1thut lu lng sau:Cc giao thc nh tuyn unicast

BGP Border Gateway Protocol, l mt giao thc Exterior Gatewaym bo vng trao i thng tin gi"a cc vng nh tuyn (AS).

ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol Router Discovery, l mt giaothc cc host pht hin a ch subnet ca cc router ang hotng.

IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System, l giao thc Interior

gateway dng cho mng IP, s dng thut ton Dijkstra) xc nhtuyn.

OSPF Open Shortest Path First, l giao thc IGP cho mng IP, l giaothc trng thi (ng d0n, a ra quyt nh nh tuyn d#a trn thutgii SPF (Dijkstra).

RIP Routing Information Protocol, IGP cho mng IP d#a vo thutton Bellman-Ford, l giao thc sdng vector khong cch.

Cc giao thc nh tuyn multicast

DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol, dng qun l mi lin

htrong nhm multicast.

MSDP Multicast Source Discovery Protocol, giao thc h$ tr kt ninhiu PIM li vi nhau.

PIM Protocol Independent Multicast, l mt giao thc nh tuynmulticast, dng nh tuyn lu lng n cc nhm multicast do c thmrng v kt ni cc domain lin mng.

SAP/SDP Session Announcement Protocol/Session DescriptionProtocol, cc giao thc nm gi"cc thng bo, m t.

Cc giao thc k(thut lu lng

LDP Label Distribution Protocol, giao thc cung cp cchphn phinhn. LDP cho php cc router thit lp cc (ng d0n chuyn mchqua mng b)ng cch nh xthng tin nh tuyn lp mng tr#c tip n

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(ng d0n chuyn mch lp data-link. Cc (ng d0n chuyn mchcn c th c to ra b)ng giao thc d# tr" dnh ring RSVP, tuynhin trong phm vi ti liu ny c-ng nhtrong cc ng dng M160 VTN giao thc ny khng c cp n.

MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching, l giao thc cho php bn cuhnh cc LSP ((ng d0n chuyn mch nhn) v c-ng c thiu khinlu lng qua mng b)ng cch gn tr#c tip n mt (ng d0n cth, hn l d#a vo thut gii (ng d0n ngn nht ch!n (ngtruyn. y l mt giao thc kt hp sc mnh (ng truyn ca lpdata v tnh linh hot ca lp chuyn mch mng b)ng cch sdngcc nhn. Chi tit vgiao thc ny s'c trnh by ti liu Chuynmch nhn a giao thc MPLS.

2.1.2 Bng chuyn tip v nh tuynChc n*ng cbn ca bxl giao thc nh tuyn JUNOS l duy tr bng

nh tuyn v s dng thng tin trong bng xc nh tuyn hot ng choim n. N copy thng tin v tuyn (ng khdn bng chuyn tip caCcu nh tuyn (Junos kernel s'copy chuyn n Ccu Chuyn tip gi).

M&c nh, bx l giao thc nh tuyn duy tr cc bng nh tuyn diy v sdng thng tin trong m$i bng xc nh tuyn (ng hot ng choim ch:

Bng nh tuyn unicast

Lu gi"thng tin nh tuyn cho tt ccc giao thc unicast chy trnM160 bao g,m BGP, IS-IS, OSPF, v RIP. Tbng ny, ta c-ng c thcuhnh thm vo cc tuyn (ng ch5ng hn nhmt tuyn cnh no .Tt ccc giao thc unicast u sdng bng ny qung b cc thngtin nh tuyn cho cc ln cn ca n.

Cc tuyn (ng trong bng ny u c ch!n theo chi ph thp nht.Cc chi ph ca mt tuyn (ng s'c cp nht theo Chnh sch nhtuyn v cu hnh cc tham sphn mm khc. iu ny s'c trnh byphn Chnh sch nh tuyn.

Bng nh tuyn multicast

Lu tr"thng tin nh tuyn cho tt ccc giao thc multicast chy trnM160 bao g,m DVMRP v PIM, c-ng c thcu hnh thm cc tuyn bngnh tuyn.

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Trong bng ny, bxl giao thc nh tuyn sdng lu,ng lu lngv cc thng skhc (c chnh bi thut gii nh tuyn multicast) ch!n tuyn hot ng.

Bng nh tuyn MPLSLu gi"thng tin nhn MPLS

2.1.3 Chnh sch nh tuynChnh sch nh tuyn cho php iu khin cc tuyn (ng c nhp

vo hay xut ra bng nh tuyn. N c-ng cho php thit lp thng tin nh kmvi cc tuyn (ng ny.

Chnh sch nh tuyn p dng khi giao thc nh tuyn gn (ng d0nvo bng nh tuyn c g!i l chnh sch nhp bi cc tuyn (ng c

nhp vo bng nh tuyn. Ngc li, cc chnh sch c p dng khi giaothc nh tuyn qung b cc tuyn (ng trong bng thng tin nh tuyn thc g!i l chnh sch xutbi v tuyn (ng c xut tbng nh tuyn.

Chnh sch nhp p dng xc nh cc tuyn hot ng, trong khi chnhsch xut dng qung b tuyn (ng.

Chnh sch nh tuyn c th#c thi b)ng mt s cc nh ngha. Mtchnh sch chr cc iu kin thch ng vi tuyn (ng v cc phn ngvi tuyn (ng khi iu kin thch ng xy ra. V d, khi mt bng nhtuyn nhp thng tin nh tuyn t mt giao thc nh tuyn, chnh sch nh

tuyn s'thay i quyn u tin ca tuyn, nh du tuyn vi mt mu xcnh n cho phn bsau ny, thm ch c thng*n ch&n tuyn ny khng thnhp vo bng nh tuyn. Tng t#, khi mt bng nh tuyn xut tuyn (ngn mt giao thc nh tuyn, chnh sch nh tuyn c th *ng k gi trkhong cch, sa i thng tin giao tip BGP, thm cc thng tin cho tuyn(ng hay thm ch ng*n ch&n n xut ra.

2.2 Xl giao tip

JUNOS xl giao tip qun l cc thit bgiao tip vt l v logic M160.

N th#c thi cc dng lnh (CLI) v cu hnh trng thi chr cc tnh cht cagiao tip (FPC khung cha FPC v PIC trong cc FPC), loi giao tip (nhSONET/SDH hay ATM).

Phn mm JUNOS giao tip vi bxl giao tip trong Ccu chuyn tipgi thng qua kernel JUNOS, cho php phn mm truy tm trng thi v iukin ca cc giao tip trn router.

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2.3 Xl iu khin

X l iu khin khi ng tt ccc bx l khc v tp lnh khi M160boot. N qun l tt ccc bxl v cgng khi ng li bt cbxl no

bngng.2.4 Kernel RE

Kernel cung cp htng cscho tt ccc bxl. N c-ng cung cp(ng kt ni gi"a bng nh tuyn (duy tr bi bx l giao thc nh tuyn)vi bng chuyn tip (duy tr bi Ccu nh tuyn). Thm vo , n giao tipvi Ccu chuyn tip gi.

Chng II. Gii thiu Router E-series

1. Gii thiu tng quan hthng ERX 1410

ERX l router bin thhmi do Juniper sn xut. Trong mng NGN, ERXng vai tr l edge router v BRAS &t cc tnh thnh cho mng li 3 routerM160. Hin nay VTN2 ang dng model ERX1410.

Mt s&c im ca model loi ny l: 1410 c ngha h thng c 14 khe iu khin lu lng v dng

modul x l chuyn mch SRP (Switch Route Processor) 10Gbps. Cthcu hnh hthng cho php cc line modul hot ng tc tia m&c nh hay hot ng tc ph hp vi tc ngu,n.

H$trpht d"liu tc cao vi mt port ln, kt ni vi thu bao

d.dng. Cu trc hthng g,m 3 thnh phn chnh:

- Mt ccu chuyn mch chia s2hot ng tc 10 Gbps

- Mch chuyn tip ccu phn phi n tng line modul

- Bxl cho vic duy tr bng nh tuyn v cu hnh hthng (ychnh l phn mm iu khin).

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Chng II: Gii thiu ERX

Phn mm hthng h$tr:

- Khn*ng nh tuyn full sdng BGP, IS-IS, OSPF v RIP

- H$trnh tuyn advance sdng MPLS

- iu khin v th#c thi chnh sch cht lng dch vcho IP v ATM

- Nm gi"lu lng IP di nhiu dng ng gi

- H$trcc &c tnh ca B-RAS

- To tuyn VPN

Hnh dng ca ERX1410:

M&t trc v sau ERX1410

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Seri ERX-1400 l cc router bin chuyn dng cho cc thit byu cu tclogic v vt l cao, n cho php cc nh cung cp dch vphn phi cc ktni IP tc cao, vi nhiu dch vn cc thu bao. V d minh h!a cc linemodul nhn v chuyn tip lu lng ra kh/i hthng ERX c chra hnh

di.

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Hthng ERX nhn v chuyn tip lu lng

Hthng ERX-1410 tp trung nhiu chc n*ng nh:

- Nhn lu lng vo, mgi phc h,i gi IP nguyn thy hay nhn

gi d"liu lp 2 ng gi truyn i di dng gi IP- Kim tra gi tc li p dng cht lng dch vQoS, VPN v

chnh sch nh tuyn.

- Thu thp thng k chi tit thng tin trn m$i gi.

- nh tuyn gi IP trong mng sdng BGP-4, IS-IS OSPF, RIP, tuyntnh hay MPLS hay (ng hm IP.

Di y l mt scc line modul v cc giao thc m chng h$trhinVTN ang dng, cc line modul ny c thdng cho ng vo hay ra u c:

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M$i ERX-1410 c thci &t ti a:

- 48 OC3/STM1 ATM/POS(packet over SONET) port

- 12 OC12/STM4 ATM/POS port

- 12 GE(Gigabit Ethernet) port

- 96 FE (Fast Ethernet) port

- 100.000 giao tip IP c lp, cho php nh cung cp vn hnh h

thng h$trnhiu thit bng dng IP v dnhkt ni n DSLAMcho dch vtruy cp b*ng thng rng (vai tr B-RAS).

2. Cc ng dng chnh ca ERX-1410

2.1 (ng truyn tp trung

Hthng c thh$trtrn 24.000 thit bFT1 (fraction of T1) nh)m ti uha cc im t,n ti POP (point of presence), n nm gi"mt schc n*ng tptrung bin sau:

- Phng php mgi (strip encapsulation)- p dng nh tuyn, QoS, VPN, bandwidth, security.

- nh tuyn gi (ng d0n ATM hay POS vi OC3/STM1,OC12/STM4 ho&c qua GE, 100Base-T Ethernet.

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2.2 To tuyn o

C thp dng VPN i vi cc tuyn T1, T3, VLAN hay xDSL. ERX1410h$trmt sk1thut VPN bao g,m L2TP, GRE, IPSec, MPLS. Hin nay VTN

cu hnh ERX h$trMPLS cho phn phi lu lng trong mng truyn d0n.2.3 +ng dng tp trung xDSL

ERX1410 l gii php l tng cho vic tp trung cc multiplexer truy nhp(ng dy thu bao s(DSLAM) mng trc.

2.4 Th#c thi mng LAN o

ERX cung cp kh n*ng kt ni VLAN,nh Gigabit Ethernet hay FastEthernet.

2.5 Vtr cthca ERX trong mngHai hnh di minh h!a v tr ca h thng vi vai tr l mt router bin trongmng Internet end-to-end. Hthng c thgiao tip qua nhiu phng tin khcnhau. 4hnh a, khch hng sdng T1/T3 giao tip trong khi hnh b, li sdng (ng thu bao sDSL vi multiplexer DSLAM.

Hnh a, Giao tip vi hthng ERX s!d"ng T1/T3

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Hnh b, Giao tip hthng qua DSLAM

3. Cu trc phn cng

Hthng ERX sdng modul dng lp cha phn cng. N bao g,mmt plan gi"a cnh, cc line modul c th tho r(i m&t trc (c cc ntrng thi) v I/O modul ng vo ra m&t sau. H thng c dnh ch$ cho ccmodul backup v h$ tr chuyn nng line modul tbackup modul n master.Hnh di l cu trc cbn ca mt ERX-1410.

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3.1 Cc k1thut ng dng trong phn cng

Hthng sdng cu trc a xl phn phi n tng port nng tc xl v s#pht trin a dng lp ca hthng. Do , n c khn*ng h$tr

&c tnh nh tuyn thhmi, cung cp cc dch vkhc nhau.Cc chnh sch cho dng data s'c nh hnh tp trung v sau s'c load v tng line modul. Bi tt ccc chnh sch QoS c phn phin tn line modul nn tc xl v0n c duy tr ngay ckhi thm vo modulmi.

3.1.1 Dng d$liuHnh di s'thhin cc dng d"liu i qua phn cng ca hthng. Cc

line modul s'xl v chuyn tip gi. Ccu chuyn mch s'chuyn mch gibn trong tc cao (10Gbps). Bxl nh tuyn thu thp bng thng tin nh

tuyn, gi i bng nh tuyn v cp nht cc line modul.

111 Li vo ca gi thng qua port

222 Gi c truyn qua connector n line modul

333 Line modul qun l nh tuyn v cht lng dch vQoS

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444 Gi c nh tuyn n line modul ng ra qua bxl chuyn mchSRP 10Gbps

555 Line modul ng ra sp xp gi vo (ng uplink vi QoS yu cu

666 Gi c truyn qua connector n I/O modul777 Truyn gi i thng qua port ng ra.

3.1.2 '&c tnh dphngTrong ERX, line modul l mt thnh phn quan tr!ng, cc bxl u n)m

trn n ch khng phi l I/O modul. S# thit k tch bit ny gip cho hthng c thd#phng vi cc line modul c thchia s2cp. Nu mt line modulh/ng, ci d#phng s'dng chnh cp (bn trong hthng) m khng cnphi khai bo hay chuyn i cp g (cp ngoi). C cc loi d#phng sau.

Dphng 1:1

Modul SPR sdng kiu d#phng ny. Khi hai SRP c ci &t, mts'lm master v ci cn li s'ng vai tr backup.Chai hthng u dngchung modul I/O SRP (m&t sau). Chng s't#chuyn i khi xy ra s#c.

Dphng 1:N

Hu ht tt ccc line modul u c khn*ng h$trkiu d#phng ny.Mt line modul d#tr"trong mt nhm modul cng loi s'cung cp cchd#phng cho tt c modul cn li. iu ny tht s# quan tr!ng bi router sdng hthng truyn d0n dung lung ln. Nu mt (ng d0n xy ra s#c

th hng ngn thu bao s'mt kt ni. sdng chny, cn phi ci&t phn cng theo mt th t#nht nh. iu ny s'c trnh by trongphn sau.

Dphng portKiu d#phng ny h$trcho cc I/O modul loi OCx/STMx v GE. C hai

port trn cng modul. Chai u nhn cng gi data. Hthng ERX kim tra ccgi ny xc nh c hay khng c vn i vi kt ni quang cho chaiport. D#a vo thng tin ny, hthng s'ch!n port no hot ng v port no d#phng. Nu c bt ks#cvi kt ni port, hthng s'chuyn (ng truyn

n port d#tr".3.2 Modul hthng

Mt s&c tnh cu trc ca cc loi modul thng dng:

S#hin din ca EPROM trn m$i modul cho php xc nh modul v cc thng sk1thut sn xut

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V tr ring bit ca cc modul line cho php lu tr" ring bit ccboot image ca chnh n

M$i modul u c b x l RISC chuyn bit, thnh phn chuyn

tip, tm kim ring nn khn*ng xl m bo tc phn loi vchuyn tip cc gi 40 byte, thm ch khi h thng hot ng ticao nht.

Lu : Khi ci &t phn cng i vi c SRP l0n line modul, phn I/O lunc lp vo trc r,i mi n SRP/line modul. Khi tho ra th ngcli, cc SRP v line modul (m&t trc ERX) phi c tho ra trc!

3.2.1 Modul SPRSRP modul l hai board lin quan, chai board u kt ni n midplan

v kt ni vi nhau (nhn bn ngoi khng thbit c ;-):

Board khung (fabric) l mt server khung chuyn mch nh)m spxp cc gi cho line modul. N c mt phn cng sp xp tinguyn linh hot cho php ng dng cht lng dch vQoS ntng giao tip vt l v logic, cung cp mt lch trnh ch&t ch'utin cho vic phn pht gi.

Board h thng l mt board chuyn dng, boot h thng,qun l ch%n on (xem h thng c lm vic bnh th(ng?), vh$trxl giao thc nh tuyn.

Cu trc chi tit ca SRP

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Modul SRP phi t,n ti th h thng mi boot ln c. Lu l khngththo gSRP khi hthng ang hot ng (trong tr(ng hp hthng chc mt modul SRP). Hnh trn l cu trc chi tit ca mt SRP.

Card lu tr$cnh

4m&t trc ca m$i SRP, c mt khe ring cm card loi ny (g!i lPCMCIA card). N duy tr cc thng tin cu hnh hthng v phn mm cac h thng. Do khng th tho card ny ra cho d PCMCIA card c-nghot ng h$trchback up, bi v trong hthng chai card u chy,phng khi c s#cxy ra i vi card master thi card back up s'h$trngaym khng cn reload. tho card loi ny ra chc ththo lun SRP d#phng.

Cch thc hot ng ca SRP nhsau:

Khi bt ngu,n h thng, modul SRP s' th#c thi m khi ng (boot) tPCMCIA. N c-ng s'load phn mm (image) tflash ny vo SDRAM, sau th#c thi cc m ly tSDRAM. Mt khi khi ng xong, SRP s' load ccimage th#c thi n tng line modul.

Khi cc line modul hot ng, SRP giao tip vi cc line modul thngqua mt bus 150 Mbps (ni qua ccu chuyn mch).

Lu : Nhvy khi ci &t mi SRP modul, h thng s'boot hai ln v khonggi"a th(i gian trng thi ca SRP modul mi ny l no responding (nu dng

CLI show vers'thy, trong khong 5 pht).SRP I/O Modul

Ch c mt loi I/O modul SRP cho tt c cc model SRP. Trn m$imodul I/O SRP c hai khe c th h$ tr giao tip vi 2 SRP thng quamidplan. I/O SRP modul h$trcc port sau:

10/100Base-T, port h$triu khin, qun l b)ng Ethernet

RS-232, port iu khin qun l VT100

Ng vo ca clock ngoi

Ng ra ca cc cnh bo (chia thnh 3 cp )

3.2.2 Line Modul v I/O modulLine modul xl d"liu tcc kt ni ng vo nhiu dng khc nhau.

I/O modul cung cp kt ni ththng ERX n mng.

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Phn loi gi

M$i line modul h$trvic phn loi gi ng vo. Mt ccu phn loicc line s'kt hp cc tr(ng c th (nha ch IP ngu,n v ch, portngu,n v ch v giao thc) n giao din ng vo IP, cc tr(ng lp 2 v.v

Cc line modul dng cho h)tr#ng h*m

Line modul dch v(ng hm TSM (Tunnel Service line Modul) h$tr(ng hm IP; nhDVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) vGRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation); v u cui LNS (L2TP networkserver) cho L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol). Modul IPSec Service s'mho hay gii m gi vi giao thc tng ng (IPsec). Hin nay cc modul nyVTN khng dng cho nn trong phm vi ti liu ny s'khng cp n ccline modul ny mt cch chi tit.

Cu trc line modul

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Cch ci &t ph*n cng h)trbackup line modul

c thh$trbackup, hthng cn c:

Line modul d#phng

Midplan d#phng

I/O modul d#phngHin nay VTN khng c chd#phng nn trong phm vi ti liu ny

khng cp chi tit.

Tnh n*ng cc card (line modul) tng t#nhcc card ASIC trong M160

4. Phn mm iu khin

Phn ny s'm t cc thnh phn software ca h thng ERX. N baog,m cc thng tin vlu,ng lu lng, cc giao thc truy nhp, nh tuyn v c

chcht lng dch vQoS.Phn mm ERX l mt hthng bao g,m cc phn mm con ng dng cho

cc hthng (nhBGP-4, IP, SNMP, Frame Relay, SONET). Chng c lp vinhau v c cc resource ring bit nhbnh, buffer, v bxl.iu ny chophp m$i hthng con hn chgiao tip, dng chung cc i tng no , t gim thiu ti a cc l$i cho hthng con. SRP modul chu trch nhim load

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cc phn mm image n m$i line modul (phn mm cha trong PCMCIA flash),n c-ng c nhim vgi xung cc bng nh tuyn cp nht.

4.1 Lu,ng data v cch xl gi

u tin gi c nhn bi mt giao tip line modul. Gi s'c x lngay trn line modul . Cc chnh sch nh tuyn v QoS c thc pdng theo mc ch. Gi sau s'c truyn trra ngoi.

Qu trnh di y m tcch hthng ERX xl gi:

1. Line modul nhn gi

Bt cline modul no c-ng c thl line ng vo.

2. Gi c phn loi. Kt quca phn loi l mt a chng ra chogi. Phn loi b)ng mt scch sau:

Lp 2 Phn loi gi d#a vo giao tip ng vo. iu ny chophp nh cung cp dch vnh ngha cc chnh sch cho thu baoca mnh v dnh: nh xtt clu lng tport X hay mch oY n mt dch v&c bit no .

Lp 2+ - phn loi gi d#a vo nhn MPLS.iu ny cho php nhcung cp sdng nhn MPLS *ng k (ng d0n lu lng.

Lp 3 Phn loi gi d#a vo sport c-ng nhbt ctr(ng notrong gi, bao g,m a ch IP ngu,n, ch, tr(ng DiffSer, v loi

ng dng. iu ny cho php nh cung cp dch vgia t*ng khn*ng iu khin thng qua cc nh ngha dch v. V dnhnhx tt c lu lng VoIP cho vic p ng th(i gian th#c, hay lnh xtt clu lng nhn tmt a chngu,n thu bao cthvo dch vbest-effort.

Mt khi gi c phn loi, chc n*ng tra cu s'tm kim c chng ra tng ng cho gi v nh vo gi a chtuyn i n ng ra.Sau gi s'c &t vo trong hng i ca mt dch vcthtyvo chng thuc phn loi no.

3. Mt sxl trn gi (kt quca vic phn loi n), bao g,m:

Cho php hay t chi chuyn tip d#a vo profile dch v ca thubao. V dnu mt thu bao bng*n cm do hng ti mt a chch nhy cm, tt ccc gi s'bch&n li.

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*ng k gi vi cp xl, v dnhchuyn tip gi n hng idch vr rng (Gold, Silver hay Bronze).

a dch vvo cc cp u tin hay di b*ng thng cth

Khng chgi n mt cp r rng. C thn hai ngng cthit lp. iu ny khin gi c thit lp di ba dng cho php(xanh), cnh bo (vng), hay qu (/).

nh du gi vi mt nhn chra cch xl cho phn cn li camng. nh du bao g,m mt nhn MPLS, byte DS hay bit DE (tchi-cho php). V dnhc thnh danh tt clu lng VoIP nhl s#u tin cao vi mt nhn MPLS nm gi"s#u tin hay numt lu lng thu bao gia t*ng t ngt vt qu profile, th s'nhdu DE c thtchi gi nu xy ra ngh'n.

+ng dng thch hp cho cc dch vVPN. Phthuc vo yu cu canh cung cp dch v m nh"ng dch v c th bao g,m mappingATM PVC, *ng k chnh sch nh tuyn, to router o v bao g,mcVPN. V d : nh x lu lng t thu bao n mt (ng PVCATM c thh$trim n VPN.

Thng k hay tnh ton thng tin vgi hay lu,ng.

D0n lu,ng lu lng n mt IPSec hay (ng hm dch vcho xlktip.

Bt cs#kt hp no ca nh"ng xl trn c-ng c thchp nhn, vdnh thu bao c th*ng k dch vGold vi s#m bo b*ngthng 384 Kbps.

Hnh di thhin lu lng c chia segment thnh ba dng i d#avo s#phn loi, n c-ng thhin kt quca vic xl.

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Chia segment v x!l lu lng

4. Gi s' c chuyn tip n a ch ng ra d#a vo chc n*ngchuyn tip IP (lu l cc di chuyn u l di chuyn trong routerERX).

Ccu chuyn mch modul SRP nm gi"gi chuyn tip n portch ng ra (trong ERX).

5. Line modul nm lp biu ca gi, ng gi lp 2 v truyn gi n ng

ra.Mt khi gi c lp biu, router line modul s'remove a chnh tuyn trong, ng gi vi header lp 2 (ATM, POS, FrameReLay, PPP, VLAN), v truyn gi vo mng. Tt cdng lu lngu c truyn vi tc !li (full).

4.2 IP

Hthng ERX th#c thi mt cu trc IP kiu stack h$trcu hnh ngnh)m thay i d.dng cu hnh mng vi t dch vbngt nht. Tt cthng tin

cu hnh IP stack u c lu trong flash (PCMCIA), v tt ccc thay icu trc stack l thay i ng m khng i h/i hthng phi khi ng li.

Mt bng giao tip lu tr"thng tin vcc giao din, m$i interface i kmvi mt stack IP; bao g,m index, a chIP, subnet mask; cng vi giao din lpthp nht, MTU (maximum transmission unit), trng thi (up or down) v timer chtnh trng giao tip. iu ny cho php trin khai hthng vi cc ng dng IPnhtp trung u ra tDSLAM cho cc ng dng B-RAS.

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C-ng c thcu hnh giao tip IP b)ng cch to mt profile. Khn*ng nycho php qun l mt lng ln giao tip IP cng mt tp cc &c tnh. Thmvo , mt profile c-ng gip *ng k giao tip IP vi mt router o.

4.2.1 IP/PPP (Point to Point Protocol)IP/PPP cho php nh cung cp dch vnhn lu lng tcc thu bao ccc thit bCPE nh l router vi giao tip PPP v lu lng ra nh dngPPP n cc thit bmng khc.

ERX h)trkt ni IP/PPP tCPELu lng tCPE sau c ti nh tuyn n (ng ra ca hthng

hay CPE khc ni vi ERX.Cu trc PPP bao g,m:

4.2.2 IP/Frame RelayHthng h$trFrame Relay qua POS (packet over SONET) bt cline

modul OCx/STMx POS no.Vi &c tnh ny cho php:

Nhn lu lng tcc thu bao c CPE nhrouter vi giao tip FR.

Nhn lu lng tcc thit bmng khc m cc thit bny gi d"liura di dng FR nhswitch FR.

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Sdng FR nhmt k1 thut uplink cc (ng khng phn knh T3hay E3.

Kt ni IP/PPP vi IP/FRHnh trn minh hoERX c th nhn mt s k1 thut truy cp v h$ tr(ng d0n trvn CPE hay mng li. Th(ng giao tip FR c mt CPE(router) hay mt mng cng cng (c FR switch).

Cu trc FR (vi lp vt l lm nn tng) v trong ERX

Cu trc Frame Relay v trong hthng ERX

4.3 IP/ATM (Asynchronous Tranfer Mode)

ERX h$ tr IP qua ATM, &c tnh ny cho php nh cung cp nhn lulng thu bao (router) c giao tip ATM hay t cc thit b pht ATM nhDSLAM, c-ng nhkt nI n mng trc ATM.

Hnh dI m tcu trc giao thc ATM vI nn tng l lp vt l. Giaotip ATM kt nI vI lp giao tip IP/OSI.

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Cu trc ATM v trong hthng ERX

4.4 SONET

SONET h$trhai giao thc:

IP/PPP v IP/FR qua SONET cc line modul Ocx/STMx IP/ATM v IP/PPP qua SONET cc le modul Ocx/STMx

iu ny cho php cc kt ni quang vo h thng hay kt ni ERX nmng trc thng qua kt nI quang.

ERX h)trgiao tip quang

4.5 Routing

ERX l thhrouter phn lp h$trcho cgiao thc nh tuyn IP vngv lin vngbao g,m BGP-4, OSPF, RIP, MPLS, VRRP v multicast IP.

C 3 &c tnh th#c thi ca hthng nh tuyn:

H$trphn phi nh tuyn, chuyn mch gi tc li.

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Hu ht cc giao thc nh tuyn u c h$ tr bao g,m BGP,OSPF, IS-IS, RIP v MPLS, c-ng nhkhn*ng phn lp a chcaocn thit cho cc mng quy m ln.

Hthng cho php to ra nhiu router o vi m$i router c cc giaothc nh tuyn v bng nh tuyn ring r'.

4.5.1 Cu trc nh tuyn ERXCu trc nh tuyn ERX c thit kp ng khn*ng nh tuyn cc

mng quy m ln. Hthng hot ng tc mng (ng trc, vi cc gi40-byte v cc &c tnh h$ tr nh QoS, VPN hay tnh. Cu trc nh tuynphn phi n tng line modul, ti vic tra bng v quyt nh chuyn tips'c th#c thi d#a vo bng nh tuyn. Hai chc n*ng ny s'c m tchi tit di y.

Modul SRP xy d#ng v lu tr" d" liu nh tuyn n 1,5 triu tuyn.Thng tin duy tr m$i tuyn bao g,m t nht: a ch IP ch, chiu di, ph(ng d0n, thng tin ti nh tuyn, giao thc p dng cho tuyn v chr hnvgiao thc nhhot ng lp 1, lp 2, ni vng hay lin mng.

Tuyn (ng trong bng nh tuyn c thc chia x2cho cc giao thcnh tuyn v bt cgiao thc nh tuyn no c-ng c ththm tuyn (ngvo bng nh tuyn. Cp lin kt gi"a cc giao thc khc nhau c-ng ccu hnh. V bng nh tuyn chung c lu tr" tp trung modul SRPnhng sau c nn v chuyn n (multicast) tt ccc line modul.

Lu l: nu c router o th m$i router ny u c cc csd"liu nhtuyn ca ring n.

Hnh di m tbng nh tuyn c to thnh v qu trnh x l phnphi. SRP modul thu thp thng tin nh tuyn v lu n trong cng mtbng. Sau bngny c gi ti tng line modul, &c tnh ny cho php ccgi n c xl nhanh chng v hiu qu.

Khi mt gi c nhn line modul, vic tra bng nh tuyn c th#cthi. Nu tuyn khng t,n ti trong bng, th ni n c xem nhkhng t,nti v mt gi ICMP thng bo s'c gi.

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Cch thc phn phi nh tuyn

4.5.2 'iu khin tuyn

ERX cho php iu khin trao i thng tin nh tuyn gi"a cc router otrong h thngc-ng nhgi"a cc router trong mng v gi"a cc giao thc router.

Danh sch truy nhp Cung cp bl!c p dng cho cc tuyn nhx hay danh sch phn phi. iu ny cho php cc chnh schc p dng nh ng*n ch&n chuyn tip tuyn gi"a bng nhtuyn BGP4 v IS-IS.

nh xtuyn Thay i cc &c tnh ca tuyn khi tru

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m160-erx1410.pdf