M5U1Getting along with others

Language focus

1. make / be friends ( with) ( 与… ) 交朋友 ,( 与… ) 建立友好关系 , 跟……要Tip: make friends again 言归于好 , 重修旧好 make enemies 树敌 friendly adj. 朋友般的 , 友好的 你想和我做朋友吗 ? Would you like to be friends with me? 这里的孩子相互只间非常友爱 . The children here are quite friendly with one ano

ther.2. 特殊疑问词 ( 作主语 )+ do you think…+ 谓语… ? 特殊疑问词 ( 不作主语 )+ do you think..+ 主语 + 谓语 ..?

Who do you think will win the game?Where do you imagine they should go?3.get along on/ with sb. 和睦相处 get along 进展 , 进行 How are you getting along with your study/ wor

k?4.stupid 智商底下，理解能力、办事能力不如别人 foolish 人做事说话不明智、欠考虑、易冲动． silly 人却乏基本常识或判断力，儍头儍脑，可笑 slow 领悟、反应、理解的速度较慢． dull 迟钝的，呆滞的，含却乏敏锐的洞察力

5.cheerful adj 愉快的 , 高兴的 cheer vt ( 使 ) 快活 , ( 对 ) 欢呼 cheer n 愉快 , 欢呼 cheers! 干杯！ a cozy, cheerful room. 舒适的、令人愉快的房间 had lunch and soon cheered up. 吃完午饭后很快高兴起来 words of cheer 鼓励话

6. be worth money / the prices 值……钱 be ( well) worth doing sth ( 很 ) 值得做某事 be worthy of sth 值…… be worthy of being done be worthy to be done The trip was expensive but it was worth every

penny.这本书值得一读 .The book is worth reading.= It’s worth reading the book.

这篇文章值得仔细研究 . The article is worthy of careful study. The article is worthy of being studied carefully. The article is worthy to be studied carefully.7.betray vt. 出卖 , 背叛 , 泄露 ( 秘密 ), 露出 ...迹象Tip: betray sb. 出卖 / 背叛某人 betray oneself 露出本来面目 ; 原形毕露 betray that……. 显示…… .

betray one‘s country. 背叛祖国 betray one's better nature. 背离善良本性 betrayed their cause 不忠实他们的事业 betray a secret. 泄露秘密8.since prep 自从 ( 一个过去时间延续至今 ) adv 从那以后 conj 既然… , 自从…已有… 该国的失业率现在处于第二次世间大战以来的最低点 . Unemployment in that country is now at its low

est since World War II.

She left her hometown five years ago. We have not seen her since.

It is just three days since they arrived at the mountain village.

Since you are so busy , perhaps we should ask someone else.

9.must have done Jack’s new car must have cost around ￡ 20,000. You must have read the book last month, didn’t yo

u? She must have been teaching for many years, ha

sn’t she?

My mother must be in the kitchen, isn’t she?10.be proud of= take pride in 以．．．自豪 be proud to do 因做．．．而自豪　 be proud that…. 以．．．为荣他以学校的成绩自豪He was proud of his school record.= He took pride in his school record. 能够和你朋友相称，使我感到自豪．I am proud to call you my friend.他以当选主席为荣．He felt proud that he was elected chairman. 荣

11. be sure to do 一定／必定做某事　 be sure of / about sth 对某事确信的 be sure that 　确信．．．．．． make sure 确保，弄清楚 It is certain that…他准会给你打电话． 　 He is sure to call you up.他伸信自己成功． He is sure of success= Ｈ e is sure that he will succeed.12.be determined to do sth 　下决心做某事　　　　　　　　　　　　　 决定做某事　

determined adj 已下决心的；坚定的 determine v 决心 , 决意（要．．．．．）Tip: determine to do sth 决心做某事 determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事 determine that… 决心．．．．．．He was determined to find a job in a computer c

ompany.Mr Robert is a determined campaigner for anim

al rights. 罗伯特先生是一位坚定的动物权益保护活动者．She determined that she would never see him a

gain.

13.admit vt. (admitted; admitting) 让 ... 进入 ; 使获得 ( 某种地位或特权 ) 接 [容 ]纳 承认 ( 事实、错误等 ) 导入 , 进气 , 供给Tip: admit( doing) sth承认（做了）某事 admit that…..承认做了．．．．．． admit to sth.承认某事 admit sb. to/ into… 准许某人进入．．．；　　　　　　　　　　准许某人入场／入学／入会

He was admitted into the university. 他获准入大学． The auditorium admits 5.000 persons. 这座礼堂可容纳五千人。 I admit that I was wrong. 我承认我错了。14.deliberately adv. Intentionally, on purpose--- done in a way that was planned, not by chance 故意地 She’s been deliberately ignoring him all day.

--- slowly and carefully:慎重地，谨慎地 He packed up his possessions slowly and delibe

rately.15.keep one’s word 信守若言 = keep one’s promiseTip: in other words换句话说 have a word with sb. 跟某人说句话　 have words with sb.同某人争吵 receive( get/ have) word 得到消息 break one’s word违背若言　 get in a word( get a word in)插话 in a (one) word总之

16. swear , swore , sworn, swearing, swears vi. 诅咒 vt.宣誓 , 发誓 swear a person to secrecy 使某人誓守秘密 He swore that his story was true. 他发誓说他的故事是真实的。 He swore to speak the truth. 他发誓要说实话。 You have sworn to be faithful to me. 你已立誓对我忠实。

Tip: swear at 咒骂，诅咒： 以肮脏、激烈或亵渎的 语言辱骂； swear in 使…作法律或就职宣誓： swear in a mayor. 使市长宣誓就职17.forgive 除免于惩罚或追究之外 , 不计旧帐 , 从心里宽恕Tip: forgive sb. for (doing) sth 因……而原谅某人 forgive sb’s sth 原谅某人某事 forgive sb’s debt免除某人债务我不会宽恕你昨晚对我说的话 . I’ll never forgive what you said to me last night.

请你免了我这么小小的债行吗 ? Won’t you forgive me such a small debt?The Chinese people will never___ the Japanese

crimes that they did in the Second World War.(2005武汉 )

A. excuse B. pardon C. forgive D. understandexcuse 语气轻宾语一般是过错、疏忽或过失的人 ,

pardon免于惩罚或追究Excuse me for being late. 原谅Pardon me for troubling you. 打扰

18.in trouble 有麻烦 in hospital 在住院 in prison 在监狱 (服刑 ) in battle 在战斗中 in order 井然有序 in danger 在危险中 in doubt 感到怀疑 in common 共有 in debt 负债 in sight 在视线之内

in store 储藏着 ; 准备着 in general 大体上 = generally in peace 平平安安 = peacefully in secret 秘密地 =secretly in surprise 惊奇地 = surprisedly in public 公开地 = publicly in person 亲自 =personally in particular 特别地 = particularly in place 在适当的位置 ; 在通常的位置 in silent 无声地 = silently

Tip: ask for trouble 自找麻烦 make trouble (for) 捣乱 get into trouble 陷入困境 trouble sb. to do sth 麻烦 /劳驾某人做某 trouble to do sth. 特意做某事

19. focus n. ( 兴趣活动等的 )中心 , 焦点 , 焦距 , [医 ]病灶 , [地 ](地震的 )震源 vi.聚焦 , 注视 vt. 使集中在焦点上 , 定焦点 , 调焦 , 集中 focused all their attention on finding a solution to th

e problem. 集中全部注意力寻找解决问题的办法 to focus one's mind on work 集中精力于工作 You must try to focus your mind on work and study.

(喻 ) 你应该努力把思想集中在工作的学习上。

All eyes were focused on the speaker. (喻 ) 大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。 the focus of world's attention 世界注意的中心Tip:come into focus ( 某物 )轮廓明显 , 清晰 ; ( 问题 )突出in focus 焦距对准 , 清晰out of focus 焦距没对准 , 模糊with focus on 把焦点集中在focus out 散焦

20. tease --- to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind way:

Don't get upset. I was only teasing. He used to tease her mercilessly(残忍地 ). tease somebody about something She used to tease me about my hair.

21.yell out ---1) to shout or say something very loudly, especially because you are frightened, angry, or excited:

‘Help me!’ she yelled hysterically歇斯底里地 . I yelled out, 'Here I am!'yell at sb. Don't yell at me like that!yell at somebody to do something They yelled at him to stop.yell (out) in surprise/pain etc Clare yelled in pain as she fell. He could hear Pete yelling at the top of his voice (=very loudly).

2 ). yell--- spoken especially American Englishto ask for help:

If you need me, just yell.22.mean adj cruel or not kind:刻薄的 ,吝啬的 欺骗这样一个老人实在很卑鄙 . Cheating such an old man was a mean thing to

do. 她一点也不大方 , 在金钱方面很吝啬 She is not generous at all. She is always mean

with her money. It's a mean trick to play on someone. It was mean of him not to invite her.

mean to Don't be so mean to her! 23. guilty adj -- feeling very ashamed and sad because you know that you have done something wrongguilty about/at/ for 内疚 I feel really guilty at forgetting her birthday again. She looked self-conscious and guilty.be guilty of sth/ doing something 犯… . 的罪 Some journalists are guilty of reporting scandal in

order to sell papers. be found guilty of negligence被判犯玩忽职守罪

I felt guilty about visiting her so rarely.24.stand , bear , put up with忍受 , I cannot stand people shouting and laughing. 我无法忍受别人大喊大叫、吵吵嚷嚷 . she is not going to put up with her brother’s bad temper any more. She is going to talk with him. 她不再忍受她哥哥的坏脾气了 .她要跟他谈谈 .25.apologize v 道歉 ,谢罪 ,赔礼 ,辩解 apology n道歉 ,谢罪 ,辩解

Tip: apologize to sb. for sth/ doing sth. make / offer an apology to sb. for sth./ doing sth. apologize for sth. He apologize to me for stepping on my foot.He made an apology to me for losing my book.I must apologize for my mistake.

26.awkward adj. (手脚 ) 不灵巧的 ; 不熟练的 ( 动作或表情 )笨拙的 ; 难看的 ; 粗野的 , 不协调的 没有风度的不好使用的 ; 使人感到麻烦的 ; 难应付的 , 棘手的困难的 , 危险的

an awkward staircase 上下不方便的楼梯 awkward time 不方便的时间 an awkward customer [口 ]难对付的家伙 , 危险的人 [ 动 ]物

an awkward question 棘手问题 in an awkward situation 处境困难 an awkward remark 不得体的话 awkward age 不成熟的年纪 The child is still awkward with his chopsticks. 那小孩还不太会用筷子。 He's very awkward, he keeps dropping things. 他很笨，总是丢东西。

27.outgoing adj 外出的 , 出发的 退去的 ; 即将离职的 对人友好的 ; 开朗的 outgoing mail. 外发邮件 an outgoing passenger train. 即将离去的乘客列车 an outgoing personality 开朗的性格 a warm, outgoing personality. 热情友好的个性

28. overlook vt.俯瞰，俯视 ;忽略；没注意；漏看 The house on the hill overlooks the village. 从小山上的房子可以俯视村庄。 You have overlooked several of the mistakes in

this work. 你忽略了这个工作中的几个错误。 The secretary is very careful and never overlook

s any little points. 秘书是个很细心的人她从不忽视细节。 Although this is a first offence 过错 it cannot be

overlooked. overlook a fault 宽容过失

I'll overlook your mistake this time. Make a list of what you need to bring so you do

n't overlook anything.29.brilliant adj--- Glorious; magnificent:辉煌的；壮丽的： the brilliant court life at Versailles. 凡尔赛宫廷中奢华的生活---Superb; wonderful超群的；杰出的： The soloist gave a brilliant performance. 独奏演员进行了卓越的表演

---British English excellent:优秀的 The film was absolutely brilliant.--- extremely clever or skilful:聪明的 I think that's a brilliant idea. a brilliant performance a brilliant young musician brilliant achievements 显赫的成就 a brilliant mind 头脑敏锐的人 a brilliant scientist 一位才华横溢的科学家

30. bitter adj. 苦的 , , painful, 痛苦的 , 怀恨的 a bitter struggle 痛苦地挣扎 cried bitter tears. 痛苦地流泪水 the bitter truth; bitter sorrow. 难以接受的真相；让人难以忍受的悲伤 bitter fruit 苦果 a bitter cold night 严寒的一个夜晚 the sweets and bitters of life 人世间的悲欢

31.blame vt-- to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad:

Don't blame me - it's not my fault. I blame his mother. She does everything for him.Tip: blame sb. for sth责备某人某事 blame sth on sb. be to blame for sth( 对某坏事 )负责任 事故责任应归咎于他 .They blame him for the accident.= They blame the accident on him.= He was to blame for the accident.

32. doubt n. 怀疑 , 疑惑 , 疑问 v. 怀疑 , 不信 , 拿不准 , <古 >恐怕Tip: There is no doubt that…毫无疑问 There is no doubt about… in doubt 不肯定的 , 不确定的 no doubt 无疑地 很可能地 , 很可能 without( a) doubt 无疑地 , 很可能地 I don’t doubt that… 我确信…… I doubt whether (if) 我怀疑……我对他的诚实毫不怀疑 . I have no doubt of /about his honesty.毫无疑问 , 他会获奖 . I have no doubt that he will win the prize.

我深信约翰按时来 . I don’t doubt that John will come on time.33. jealous adj.妒忌的 , 猜疑的 , 警惕的 , 羡慕的--feeling angry and unhappy because someone

has something that you wish you had jealous of Why are you so jealous of his success? You're just jealous of her. Do not say 'jealous about' someone or someth

ing or 'jealous with' someone. Say jealous of someone or something.

-- feeling angry and unhappy because someone you like or love is showing interest in another person, or another person is showing interest in them:

She gets jealous if I even look at another woman.

He was talking to Nina to make me jealous. jealous husband / wife / lover etc-- jealous of something formal wanting to keep

or protect something that you have because you are proud of it:

a country jealous of its heritage

34. embarrass vt., --to make someone feel ashamed, nervous, or u

ncomfortable, especially in front of other people: 使尴尬 ; 使为难

He didn't want to embarrass her by asking questions.

-- to do something that causes problems for a government, political organization, or politician, and makes them look bad:阻碍 ,麻烦

The revelations in the press have embarrassed the government.

embarrassment Un 为难 ;难堪 Cn 令人为难的人 ( 事 )

35. gift n 赠品 , 礼物 , 天赋 , 才能 gifted adj 有天赋的，有才华的 a gifted child; a gifted pianist. 有天赋的孩子；有才华的钢琴家 a birthday [Christmas] gift 生日 [圣诞 ]礼物 a person of many gifts 多才多艺的人 have a gift for poetry [art, language] 有诗 [艺术 , 语言 ] 的天才

36. strength n. 力 , 力量 , 力气 , 实力 , 兵力 , 浓度 strengthen v. 加强 , 巩固Tip: energy物理学上的能的概念或生理上的精力 force 力产生的实际效果 strength指体力、强度、力量 . power 行动所根拒地职权或能力 ,也指有权力的 人或强国 . Eg: super power 超级大国 , power station 电站 He had so much energy that he could do the wor

k of three men. 他精力旺盛 ,……We had to use force to get into the house. 我们不得不破门而入 .

The strength of my memory begins to fail. 我的确记忆力开始衰退 .It is outside / beyond my power to help. 我没有能力帮助你 .37. Stubborn adj.顽固的 , 固执的 , 坚定的 , 坚决的 , 倔强的 ,难应付的 , 难处理的 She won't do what I ask - she's very stubborn. 她不按我的要求去做，她很固执。 a stubborn resistance顽强的抵抗 a stubborn illness 顽疾

as stubborn as a mule 象骡子一样顽固 ; 非常固执的 stubborn problem 棘手的问题 Facts are stubborn things. 事实是难以搪塞的东西。 These nails are stubborn. 这些钉子不易拔出来。 The lock 's rather stubborn, it needs oiling. 这锁相当难打开 , 要加点油了。

1.ruin v. ( 使 )破产 , ( 使 )堕落 , 毁灭 n. 毁灭 , 崩溃 , 废墟 , 遗迹 The fire ruined the books in the library. 大火毁坏了图书馆的书。 “You will ruin no more lives as you ruined mine” (A

rthur Conan Doyle). “你不会再象破坏我的生活一样破坏其他人的生活了” （亚瑟 ·柯南道尔）。 I was ruined by that law case. 我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。 She poured water all over my painting, and ruined

it. 她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。

the ruin of his hopes 他的希望的破灭 fall into ruin 破败不堪 The building is in ruins. 那建筑物已成断壁残垣。 Gambling was his ruin [the ruin of him]. 赌博是他堕落的原因。