28
Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board of Neurology _____________________________ [email protected]

Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Management at the last days- hours

Patama Gomutbutra MD.Dip., Thai Board of Family MedicineGrad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSFDip., Thai Board of [email protected]

Page 2: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

1. Death and dying

2. Last days- hours management

Outline:

Page 3: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Death and dying

เสยชวต..เมอไหร?ก. หมดลมหายใจ

ข. หวใจหยดเตน

ค. หมดสตรบร

ง. หมดการตอบสนองตามอตโนมต

Page 4: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

การเสยชวต ทางการแพทยตามประกาศแพทยสภา

• มการหยดท างานของระบบไหลเวยนโลหตและระบบการหายใจอยางไมสามารถฟนคนสภาพได

• มภาวะสมองตาย → “กานสมอง – brain stem” ตาย

- ไมอยภายใตภาวะถกกดประสาท ดวยยา เกลอแรในรางกาย หรอ สงแวดลอม- ไมมการตอบสนองอตโนมตทางประสาท (reflex)

Page 5: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Dying processเปลอก

Page 6: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

• พดนอย คดชา

• สบสน จตหลอนเปนชวงๆ ( delirium)

Page 7: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

• ออนแรง / “ความรสก” ไมมแรง (fatigue)

• ไมหวอาหาร ไมหวน า (anorexia)- รางกายสลายไขมนและโปรตนเปน สารคโตน สารยเรย

Page 8: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

เมอเราอดอาหารและน า• ปกตสมองใชน าตาลเปนพลงงาน

• หลง 24 ชวโมง น าตาลทสะสมในตบจะหมดไป

• รางกายเรมสลายไขมนมาเปน “สารคโตน” และ “น า”

• รางกายสลายโปรตนเปนอนดบตอมา เปน “ยเรย”

Page 9: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

• กลนไมได มเสยงครางจากน าลายทคางในปาก (death rattle)

• กลไกการหายใจเรรวน ปากขยบคลายหวอากาศ ( Respiration with mandibular movement)

• หวใจใกลหยดเตน ชพจรคล าไมได มอเขยวเยน (cyanosis)

Page 10: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Naturally,Most of dying have ‘smooth’

pathway

Page 11: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Last hours-days management

L-A-S-T

• Last days signs recognition

• Advance care plan review & Anticipatory communication

• Symptomatic comfort measurement

• Transfer to home or hospice facilities

Page 12: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Last days signs recognition

Sings of imminent death (within 24 hrs)

Median (hrs)

Retained respiratory secretion (Death rattle)

23

Respiratory with mandibular movement (Air hunger)

3

Cyanosis /pulseless 1

Morita et al, 2009r

Page 13: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Sings of last days (within 72 hrs)

Sensitivity Specificity

PPS <= 20% 64 % 81 %

Drooping of nasolabial fold 34% 96%

Decrease respons to visaul and verbal stimuli(Decresase wakefulness)

32% 95^

Urine output < 100 ml/12 hrs 24% 96 %

Hui et al, 2015r

Page 14: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board
Page 15: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Advance care plan review & Anticipatory communication

• Earlier is better• Sandwich technique

- positive : Improve- negative : Immunize- positive : I wish

• Dealing with difficult decision making- Ask –Tell-ask- experience based less cognitive burden

Page 16: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Symptomatic comfort measurement

• Terminal delirium

• Death rattleRespiration with mandibular movement

Page 17: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Terminal delirium

• Multifactory, Less likely find reversible cause

• Hypoactive - usually no problem

• Hyperactive

– Inevitable : Hope-ICU trial not support Haloperidol prophylaxis

– Increasing severity (conversely with pain)

– Most common cause of terminal sedation

Page 18: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

• Antipyschotic

– Haloperidol 0.5-1 mg SC/IV q 2-8 hrs (may rapid titration if symptom severe)

average daily dose = 2-3 mg

– Quetiapine (Seroquel)

– Lorazepam not effective

Page 19: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Death rattle

• Gurgling sound produced on inspiration and/or expirationrelated to airway secretions

• Ineffective swallowing and cough reflex

• Thin secretion – Reduce positive I/O– Hyoscine hydrobromide =Buscopan 20 mg IV q 6-8 hrs– Glycopylorate 0.2 mg IV q 8 hrs

• Thick secretion – Saline nebulizure alternate with bronchodilator– Acetylcystein

• Positioning

Page 20: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Respiration with mandibular movement

• Jaw movement increases with breath

• Asynchronous respiration muscle movement

* not related to hypoxemia

• O2 mask with bag -> not helpful but no harm

relieve sense of helpless of team

Page 21: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Palliative sedation

• Respite sedation

-> temporary relieve severe distress

• Terminal sedation

-> last resort for refractory symptoms

Page 22: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Respite sedation regimen

• Morphine 10 mg in NSS 100 ml

IV drip start 1 mg/hr (10 ml/hr)keep BP> 90/60, RR > 10/min

• If patient still awakemay add Lorazepam 0.5 – 3mg/day(median dose 1 mg/day)

Page 23: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Blurring between respite and terminal Terminal sedation regimenexperience)

• During transition phase Morphine 10 mg in NSS 100 ml IV drip 1 mg/hrMidazolam 100 mg in NSS 100 ml IV drip 1 mg/hr

Keep BP> 90/60, RR > 10/min

• During active dying Morphine 10 mg in NSS 100 ml IV drip 1-3 mg/hr

Midazolam 100 mg in NSS 100 ml IV drip 1-5mg/hrkeep comfort

Page 24: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Pain is the physiologic antidote of Opioid side

effect

Page 25: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Before

Page 26: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

After

Page 27: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

Transfer to home/hospice plan

• Respect wish of patients most (but not all) wish to die at home

• Provide advise about transporting service• Death certificate indicate diagnosis

• ‘Hospice in hospital’ environment- Family engagement- Reconcile ritual (พธอโหสกรรมขางเตยง)

Page 28: Management at the last days- hours...Management at the last days- hours Patama Gomutbutra MD. Dip., Thai Board of Family Medicine Grad Cert.Palliative Care APHN,UCSF Dip., Thai Board

• Most of natural pathway of dying is smooth

• Last hours-days management : L – A- S-T

• Last hours sign recognition

• Advance care plan review + Anticipatory communication

• Symptoms management

• Transfer to home or hospice facilities

Take home massage