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地調月報Bull．Geol。Surv。Japan，voL30，p．199－208，1979 55 （26） 061，62．05 55 （52） “1978”
S重a戯s o£t翫e Maぽ置聡e Ge⑱亘⑰9五餓亘Ac誠v漏e5
0£電b㊧Ge⑪且09量ca盛S聡即vey o£Jap題聡（且978）
MARINE GEoLoGY DEpARTMENT，GEoLoGlcAL SuRvEY oF JApAN
sincetheestablishmentofthe Marine Geology Department andthelaunchingoftheRIVHakurei－
Maru（1821G。T．）both in1974，the Marine Geology Department consisting ofthe three sections of
Marine Geology，Marine Mineral Resources，and Marine Geophysics has been actively conducting
various research proj℃cts with considerable results，and grown as one of the leading organizations of
marine geological researches in Japan。
Its research activities include two majorprojects by using the R／vHakurei－Maru，ハ4α吻θ960109加」
伽8吻α伽s・η6・痂ゴ麓6吻15h6あ65姻吻65α7・翻」卿nand伽65」29α伽5・編卿5θα郷απ9αη65θη・ぬ」6吻孟h6
（】6漉α」．Pα6塗．Bα5伽，Her cruise program during I977－1978and the survey methods applied are shown
in Table l and，Table2シrespectively。The results ofstudies are published，both as two series ofO7協θ
R6ψoπand Mα吻6060Jog孤砂and as many individual papers on various joumals。Table3－1and
Table3－2show the published issues ofthe two series。
The department has been concemed with two other prqjects，〃iα吻696010g初」伽6漉g漉oη50η
ρo泥漉θ4564乞ητ6窺5and Pγ6あ郷勉αりフ伽∂θ5あgα房oη50鴛郷α7厩65απ4α聡497αび6」γ650％76θ50π励ho78α76α5，by using
chartered smaller vessels．Also，it has been contributing to a wide range of by－1ateral and multi－
lateral international cooperationsinthefieldsofmarinegeology andmineral resources invarious ways．
Table l Hakurei－Maru cruises by GSJ孟n1977and1978．
GH77－1Cruise
GH77－2Cruise
GH77－3－1Cmise
GH77－3－2Cruise
GH77－3－3Cruise
GH78－1Cru三se
GH78－2Cruise
GH：78－3Cruise
GH78－4Cruise
GH：79－10ruise （scheduled）
Jamary12－March12，1977（Ch，Sci。：T，Moritani）Central Pacific Basin，for manganese nodule deposits research．
ApriU9－May28，1977（Ch．Sci．：E。Honza）The Sea of Japan off southwest Japan and around the Oki Islands，fbr geo－
logic＆l mapping（L1，000，000and1；200，000）．
June14一一July9，1977（Ch．Sci．＝E、Honza）The Sea ofOkhotskand the Sea ofJapan offHokka五do，fbr geological mapping（1：1，000，000），
July10－August6，1977（Ch．Sci。；E，Inoue）Off Nishi－Tsugaru in the Sea of Japan，£or sedimentological mapping（1；200，000）。
August6－August12，1977（Ch．Sci．：J．Ch丙o）The Se乱ofJ＆pαn of the Pacific，fbr technical training offbreign students and
supplementary research ofgeological mapping．
January7－March7，1978（Oh．Sci．：T，Moritani）Centr＆l P呂cific B我s血，fbr manganese nodule deposits resea，rch．
April18－June2，1978（Ch．Sci，：E Honza）Centr乱l part of the Sea of Japan，f≧）r geological mapPing（1：1，000，000）。
June13－July4，1978（Ch，Sci，＝E．Inoue）Around the Oki Isl＆nds in the Sea of Japan，fbr geological mapping（1：200，000），
July12－August12，1978（Ch。Sci。：E．Inoue）Off Abashiri in the Okhotsk Sea，fbr sedimentological mapping（1：200，000）．
January13－March13，1979（Ch，Sci。i A．Mizuno）Central Pacific Bas三n，fbr manganese nodule deposits research．
一199一
Table2
地質調査所月報（第30巻第3号）
Method ofmarinc geology investigation aboard R／V Hakurei－Maru．
MethodsProjects
～InVeStigatiOn arOUndthe Japanese Islands
Manganese nodule inVeStigatiOn
Positioning
Geophysical methods
Gravity measure皿ent
Magnetic measurement
Depth sound血91topography
Continuous se量s面c reHection
profiling
Seismicre丘action
Sediment pro丘ling
Side looking survey
Geological nlethods
Sedi孤ent san1Pling
Rock samplh19
Sea bottonユobservation
Others
Water sampling and
measurementOn－board instrunlental analysis
NNss，Decca，Loran CIA
On－board gravity meter
Proton magnetomcter
Precisiondepthrecorder（12kHz PDR）
Air gun，sparker
Sono－radio buoy
3。5kHz PDR（subbottom，profiler）
Side scan sonar
Smith－Mclntyregrab，pistoncorer， and gravity corer
Subnlerged rock dri11，dredge，and rock corer
Deep sea ca皿era
NNSS
On－board gravity meter
Proton Inagnetometer
Precision depth recorder PDR）
Air gun
（12kHz
Sono－radio buoy
3。5kEz PDR．（subbottom profiler）
Okean70gr3b・f士ee fall grab・box sampler，Plston corer，and丘ee fall
corer
Dredge，rock corer
Deep sea canlera，丘ee魚11camera， and deep sea television
Water sampler with grab Water sampler（Nansen STD
X－r＆y dif狂acto皿eter，X－ray fluorescence spectrometer，
radiography instru皿ent，and others
bottle）
Table3－1 Main publications conceming marine geology and marine mineral resources位om GSJ
Cruise Report Series
Theα廊Rψo所s published on each cruise ofthe：Rlv H：akurei－Maru。Each report is
edited by the chief scientist（and co－chief scientist）and comprizes many papers con－
tributed by on－board and non－on－board scientists concerned．
No。l Deep Sea Mineral Resources Investigations in Northwest Paci丘c，November－December 1972。42pp．（1974）
No。2 Goto－nada Sea and Tsushima Strait Investigations，Northwestem Kyushu，1972－1973，68 pp．（1975）
No。3 Saga磁一nada Sea Investigations，ApriレMay1974，GH74－1and－2Cruises．58pp。（1975）
No．4 Deep Sea Mineral Resources Investigation in the Eastem Centr＆l P創ciHc Basin，August－ October I974（GH：74－5Cruise）．103pp．（1975）
No．5 1zu－Ogasawara（Bonin）Arc and Trench Investigations，June and October－November1974， GH74－3and－60ruises．68pp．（1976）
No．6 Ryukyu Island（Nansei－Shoto）Arc，GH75－1and75－5Cruises，January－February and July－August1975．81pp．（1976）
No．7 Geological Investigation ofJapan and Southem：Kurile Trench and Slope Areas，GH76－2 Cruise，April－」㎜e1976。127pp．（1977）
No。8 Dcep Sea Mineral Resources Investigation in the Centra1－eastem Part of Central Paci且c Basin，Janu＆ry－March1976（GH76－1Cruise）．217pp．（1977）
No。9 1nvestigations of the Continental Margin of Southwest Japan，June－July1975（GH754 Cruise）。88pp．（1978）
No。10 Geo1側gical InvestigationsintheNorthemMarginoftheOkinawaTroughandtheWestem Margm ofthe Japan Sea，Apri1－May1977（GH77－2σruise）。79pp．（1978）
No．11 Geological Investigation ofthe Okhotsk and Japan Se呂s offHokkaido，June－July1977（GH 77－3Cruise）。72PP．（1978）
一200＿
Status ofthe Mar三ne GeologicalActivides ofthe Geological SurveyofJapan（1978）
Table3－2 Main publications concemingn1＆rine geology and marine mineral resources丘om GSJ
Marinc Gcology Map Series
The孤α吻θ060Jogッ瀬砂S67285include two types of maps。ハ《α吻θ080Jog吻」瀬‘ψissue
consists usually ofgeological map，magnetic乱nomaly map，and gravity anomaly map．
364伽翻oJo9加」孤砂まssueconsistsofgranulometicmap，coarsefヒactioncon瓦positionmap，
and others．
No．1
No．2
No．3
No．4No．5
No．6No．7
No．8
No．9No．10
No．11
Submarine Geological M乱p aromd Koshik巧ima Islands1＝200，000（1975）
Bottom Sediment Map，Tsushima＆Goto Islands Area1＝200，000（1975）
Submarine Geological Map ofSagami－Nada Sea and Its Vicinity1：200，000（1976）
Sedimentological Map ofSaga血一Nada Se＆and Its Vicinity11200，000（1976）
M亀血e Geological Map ofthe South ofKii Strait1：200，000（1976）
Sedimentological Map of鴨the South of Kii Strait1：200，000（1976）
Geological Map aromd Ryukyu Arc1：1，000，000（1977）
Geological Map o任Outer Zone ofSouthwest Japan1：1，000，000（1977）
Sedimentological Map ofO田ng ofHachinohe1：200，000（1978）
Geological Map offHachinohe1：200，000（1978）
Geological Mαp of the Japan and Kuril Trenches and the Adjacent Areas l：1，000，000（1978）
礪鑓量鵬欝⑪葺⑭9量c蝿蝕ves苞置9罐・齢磯c⑪鯉童鵬醜蝿s翻ves蹴西s且曜εs躍磯蠣恥睡聡
（First five year prqject，F。Y．1974－1978）
This prqject aims atmapping bothsubbottom gedogy and bottom sediments ofthe are批s＆round the
Japanese Islandsラwith resulting publications of geological recolmaissance maps on a scale of
l：1，000，000fbr extensive areas，and also both ofdetailed geological and sedimentological maps on a
scale・f1：200，000£・rselected・館h・reare乱s（Fig．1）。
The reconnaissance studies have been conc㎝trated in出e Pa，ci£c Ocean side areas during1974－
1976，and then extended to the areas ofthe Sea ofJapan and．the Okhotsk during I977－1978．Through
these works，we五ave obtaincd a lot of geological and geophysical data conceming the tracks at
intervals ofabout無een nautical miles over the entire areas around the Japanese Islands，except the
Izu．Ogasawara Ridge area which is lefHbr the cruises during l979（Fig。2）。Three issues of recon。
naissance geological map which covers the whole areas bf the Pacific continental margin have been
published until now・
The detailed，studies have been done so far with considerable accumulations of the geologica1，
sedimentological and geophysical data fbr some shelf and．upper slope areas such as off westem
Kyushu，off K．ii Peninsula，off South Kw乱nto，off Hachinohe，off Nishitsugaru，around the Oki
lslands，and．off Abashiri．Tracks and．sampling sites aredensely spaced．on each area，at intervals of
abouttwotothreenauticalmiles．Wehavepublishedthegeologicalandsedimentologicalmapsofthe
areas ofoffKii Peninsula，，offSouth：Kwanto，off王【achinohe，and offwestem Kyushu。
As乱note on the bottom sampling technique，in addition to the conventional methods ofdredge and
rock corer，a small type submergedrock dri11（MD300PT）capable to obtain a maximum75cm Iong
rock core has been developed in1975and used in some sites fbr the detailed mapping survey on a
scale of1：200，000（Fig。3－a）．Recently，a largerrock dril1（MD500H）was additionally developed to
obtainlongerrockcoreatdeeperwater。Beingcapabletotake6mlongrockcoreat＆maximum
一201一
地質調査所月報（第30巻第3号）
depth of500m，it h器a fUlly automaic battery drive system as well as the MD300PT（Fi昏3－6）
（Inoue et al．，Prep血ts，The5th Intem．Ocean I）ev．Con£，September1978，Tokyo）。The machine
was put to practical use with success during GH78－3Cruise in1978．
Thesecondphasefiveyearproject onmarine geologicalinvestigation aroundJapanisnowplamed。
Itwill be concemedwithmarinegeologyandgeophysicsoftheentire Izu－OgasawaraRidgetomake a
recomaissance geological map in F』Y．1979。Also，it will cover the Paci丑c shelves and upper slopes of
Eonshu to provide geological and sedimentologic乱l maps（1：200，000）since F』Y，1980through1984．
JAPAN AND OKHOTSKSEAS OFF HOKKAIDO
1977
『
目翻團圃画
o一ρ
Al
A2
Bl
B2
B3
ρの ・1華
、
o
舞
N工SH工TSUGARU BASIN
1976－1977
夕 φ 凝
1977－1978 ＼
． ンク〃OFF ABASH工R工 1978 ｝
OFF HACHINOHE ▽ 1976
幸
完 炉酪TSUSHI漁＆G6fOls．AREA （1972－1973）
0
AROUND KOSHIK工」工MA IS。
（1969－1971）
ARC 1974－1975、
o
ゲ
4 へ＼ SAGAMI－NADA SEA AND工TS ・VエCエNI費19ヱ4－1975
ミぐミ＼＼＼
ミミ＼＼さ＼
＼ミ＼＼＼ご＼＼
＼ ＼ ＼＼＼＼＼＼ ＼ ＼ ＼＼￥ ＼＼＼ ＼＼＼＼ミ＼＼＼＼
＼＼
Fig。1 Five yeεしr program （1974∫一1978） of the geological ancl sedi皿entological research around the
Japanese Islands．
会踏鷺袖・描躍葦li灘撫鵠臨概翻 一202一
Status ofthe Marine Geological Activities ofthe Geological Survey ofJapan（1978〉
臨鴨s電量9魏置鋤s磯幽卿s⑱題幽闘9題鵬s艦棚曲s舳癒㊧c膿鵬亘P認c醗c臨曲且
（Five year pr｛ject，F。Y。1974－1978）
This prqject aims at clarifying manganese nodule genesis in relation to topography，sedimentology，
and other geologic factors as a basic infbrmatlon fbr their exploration and exploitation．
The main o句ective area has bee薫Central Pacific Basin since1974．Four cruises of the Hakurei．
Mam d皿ing1974－1978h翫ve covered an extensive area ofca・2，000km×ca．500km，which extends
飾om siliceous ooze zone south to red clay zone north（Fig。4）．
Through these works the geologic批1，sedimentologica1，and geophysical data ofthe Central Paci£c
40。
30。
120。
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ダ
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講＼
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ノ
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GH741 ｛ GH742 GH746 GH752 GH753（SAGAMI－NADA SEA AND ITS VlqMTY）
㌧ ｛8隠 （SOUTH OF Kl l STRAIT）
（麟瀕両。、
IOJIMA・
20。
o
0 O《INOTORISHIMA IS．
Fig．2 Surveyed areas and geophysical track lines around the Japanesc Islands （1974－1978）・Dotted
area：surveyed areasfbr geologic and sedimentologic maps（scale＝1：200，000）since l9690nward，
一203一
醗
地質調査所月報（第30巻第3号）
i藤簸灘 罵
麓／
、欝灘
Fig．3峨 Small type submerged rock dr圭11（MD300PT）。
ii
藝
Basin have been accumulated，and also abundance ofmanganese nodules and their mineralogical and
chemical compositions have been clarified，particularly in relation to nodule morphology，submarine
topography，and acoustic stratigraphy．The nodule abundance and sediment types in the area，as a
part ofthe results，are shown in Fig。5．However，they show the overall tendencies interpreted f｝om the
且elddataonthewidelyspacedsurveyIines（Fig．6）andsamplingsites（Fig，5）．Moredetailedsurveys
with densely spaced samplings and geophysical measurements are necessary conceming some selected
areas in fhrther studies．
Some preliminarysyntheses ofthestudies（F．Y．1974－1978）werepresented in the5th Intem．Ocean
Dev．Con£，September1978，Tokyoby Mizunoand Moritani．Thedetaileddatahavebeenpublished
in two issues of Cruise Report（No．4and No。8）＆nd also in other individual papers on various
joumalS．
In F．Y．1978，the GH：79－1Cruise is scheduled in the north－eastem part of the Central Pacific
Basin du血g January－March l979as the nnal cruise ofthe present successive year prolect．
The next五ve year prqject of the deep sea mineral resources investigation（F．Y．1979－1984），in
p1我nning，will longitudinally cover the axial part of the Central Pacific Basin with a transect倉om
southeast ofWake to west ofTahiti．It w皿contribute to the problems on the genesis ofmanganese
一204一
Fig．4
Status ofthe Marine Geological Activities ofthe Geological Survey ofJapan（1978）
／鷺
鞘撚
Fig．3－b LIぼge type submerged rock dr且1（MD500H）。
o
■一・ リロ
暗 ρ鷺 o
1600E 1800 1600W
ロ 。・● 301 0・惟．肱“
WAKE 4。b o O200 MID－PACIFIC MOUNTAiNS
727駕GH留G 5 鵬・鵠，1・Glガ
Research訂easfbrmanganese nodulc deposits by the Geological Survey ofJapan（F。Y，1970－1978）。
一205一
地質調査所月報（第30巻第3号）
175。E 180。W 175。W 170。W 165。W
1げN
5。N
ノ㊥ ㊥
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o ⑱ 庫●
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年 融
X／x ㊥ ㊥／ O o
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醗Caエcare・us・・ze
Abundqnceof ⑭Crus督 ×Bqrren ㊥O，1－5 05－10
mqngαnesenodule‘kg／m21 ◎10－20⑭20＜
囮 Siliceous ooze
0
皿IPa・agicc・ay
500
km
Fig。5 Distribution of m乱nganese nodules and sediment types in northem part of the Central Pacific
Basin（F．Y．1974－1978）．
nodules under various geological environments in the lower latitude zones ofboth the northem and．
southem hemispheres．
M麗蝕e欝⑪置⑪g量c魏魎ve醜亙ga伽麗磯酔o亙亘就晶se謹幽e齪s（1974－1976）
叢
The first three year project，F襯伽膨窺α15弛漉650η6h65％7∂の7渉66hη勿％65！む76h6poJJ漉6460材o規564ε耀漉5，
hasbeen carriedoutfピom1974to1976fbrthe Seto Inland Sea areas．Thesurveytechniques developed
have included those ofthe s皿vey ofthe sediment distribution by acoustic equipments，the sampling
ofundisturbed sediment core，the determination ofsedimentation rate du血g the past100years by
210Pb dating method，etc．
As an extending work of the fbrmer project，a new three year project，S6麟650編h6α66％窺ぬ孟づoη
窺θ6h嬬鍛gμhゆoJ魏6460物規564餓6騰（1977－1979），五乱s been initiated in l977。It aims猟clarifゾing the
origin of sediments and historical changes of the sedimentary environments through the studies of
distribution of sediments relevant to changes in their thickness，sea bottom topography，suspended
materials，and physical and chemical properties ofthe sediments．
Three types of representative mode1βelds of bay areas have been selected fbr this prqject fピom
subarctic，temperate，and subtropical zones along the Japanese Islands．In1977two areas ofShibushi
Bay and Suruga Baywere studied，and in1978Funka Bay and Toyama Bay are nowbeing studied．
臨Ψes愈量9蹴量⑪鵬膿腿躍醜5鍵面翻g餓ve置艶S⑬駅ces磯⑫餌曲麗e鑓e鋸
This prqjecthas been conducted since1975to provide ma血e mineralogical data to the near fαture
prospects ofof琵hore marine sand and gravel resources in shallow water at depths of tens－ofmeters．
The on－board survey methods consist mainly of depth sounding，bottom observation by means of
marine bottom photography and side scan sonar，subbottom profiling using a boomar equipment and．
bottom sampling by a Smith－Mclntyre grab．
一206＿
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Fig．6 Geophysical track lines in the Central Pacific（1974－1978）。
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地質調査所月報（第30巻第3号）
The areas already surveyed are off the northem coast of Kyushu（1975），off the westem coast of
Kyushu（1976），and off the westem coast of Okinawa Island（1977）Jt has been concluded through
these works that promising sand and gravel deposits tend to be developed．on40－50m submarine
terracesinmanyparts ofthoseareas，althoughthedetaileddistributionconsiderablyvaries，depending
on topographic condition and supPlying condition of calcareous remains．
The work in1978is scheduled fbr the Seto Inland Sea during November1978。
臨鐙麗廊黙亘c⑪叩鍵魏量⑫鵬
Intem乱tional cooperations in th．e丘elds ofmarine geology and marine miner乱1resources have been
active in many ways year by year．
1） The bilateral govemmental programs have contributed to the infbrmation exchanges of the
scienti丘cpr・gress・nthesubjects，andtheexchange6fscientistsisexpectedt・berealizedinnearhture。
In this category，there are included the activities ofthe Marine Geology Panel on the U。S。一Japan
Cooperative Program in Natural Resources（UJN：R）cove血g a wide range ofβeld ofmarine geology
including manganese nodules，and the cooperative programs on manganese nodule research under
both the Japan－France Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology and the Japan－
Federal Republic ofGermany Agreement on Cooper批tion in Science and Technology．Also in other
related負eld，some staf驚have contributed as the members to the activities ofMa血e Mining Panel
and Sea Bottom Survey Panel under the U．S．一Japan Cooperative Program in Natural R．esources・
2）The training on－board the R／v Hakurei－Maru fbr scientists has been carried out during some
p乱rtsofHakurei－MamcruisesaroundtheJapanese Islandseveryyear．
3） Also，several scientists and trainees ffom developing countries have occasionally participated．
inthe貰akurei－MarucruisesbotharoundJapan andinthe Central Paciβcfbrjointresearchworkor
on－board training：these include the scientists fyom珊i，the Republic of Korea，Thailand，Turkey，
and Westem Samoa．
4）Two geologists ofthe Ma血e Geology Department joined in the Glomar Challenger IPOD
Cruises，Leg57and Leg58，in the westem Pacific during the fall of1977to the beginning of1978。
5） The department is also contributing to the activities of ccoP and ccoP／sOPAc through
participation ofthe special advisαin the meeting or participation ofscientist in the survey cruise．
地質調査所における海洋地質調査研究の現状（鷺78）
地質調査所海洋地質部
地質調査所海洋地質部のおもな研究は，白嶺丸による「日本周辺大陸棚海底地質総合研究」，「深海底
鉱物資源探査に関する基礎的研究」，その他の調査船による汚染底質に関する研究，大陸棚域の骨材資源
に関する研究である．また，二国問，多国問の海洋地質・鉱物資源に関する国際協力がさまざまな形で
行われている．それらの概況，成果を紹介した．
一208一
