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THE DATABASE OF CANCER CONTROL O O G CO S FOR DEVEL OPING COUNTRIES MARK LODGE Director, Programme Development International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research Oxford UK

MARK LODGE THE DATABASE OF CANCER CONTROL .ppt LODGE_THE DATABASE... · THE DATABASE OF CANCER CONTROL ... –Paediatric malignancies ... MARK LODGE_THE DATABASE OF CANCER CONTROL

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THE DATABASE OF CANCER CONTROL 

O O G CO SFOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

MARK LODGE

Director, Programme Development

International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research

Oxford UK

OutlineOutline

• Purpose of clinical research• Purpose of clinical research

• Data on inaccessibility of Egyptian research

• Need for a new mechanism for storingNeed for a new mechanism for storing research from developing countries

E ti il t t d f D t b f• Egyptian pilot study for Database for Cancer Control

Purpose of Clinical ResearchPurpose of Clinical Research

• Address questions of immediate concern toAddress questions of immediate concern to the healthcare of patients

• Inform clinical practice• Inform clinical practice– Prevent harm

I h d li d i /P i– Improve the care delivered to patients/Prevention

• Extend the knowledge base & explore new directions

• Provide pointers to further research

Requirements of Clinical ResearchRequirements of Clinical Research 

• Clinical research should beClinical  research should be

– Ethical 

G i–Genuine

–Relevant

–Good methodological quality

–AccessibleAccessible

Reports of Cancer papers published in 2006 i d d P bM d2006 indexed on PubMed  

• Country [ad] AND Cancer[sb] AND 2006[dp]

• 201,139  reports in subgroup ‘Cancer’ in 2006. – USA:  54,884  (27%)

– UK:  10,455   (  5%)

– Africa:  931   ( 0.5%)

Dominance  of Biomedical Literature d d dlindexed on Medline 

• Eight countries account for 80% of the journals indexed on Medline 2007 (5164)(5164)

• USA   2181  (42%)• England 949 (18%)England  949    (18%)• Germany  273    (  5%)• Netherlands  241    (  5%)• Japan  162    (  3%)p ( )• Switzerland  139    (  3%)• France  106    (  2%)• Italy  98      (  2%)

‐ Source : JAIN NC* CURRENT SCI ENCE, 2007 Vol. 93(12):1650*Division of Publication and Information, Indian Council of Medical Research, 

New Delhi, INDIA

Journals published in Egypt d d dl ( / ))& indexed on Medline (7/5624))

• Clinical &  • Journal of the Egyptian Developmental Immunology

d

f gypNational Cancer Institute

• Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal

• The Egyptian Journal of• The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health• The Egyptian Journal of 

Immunology• Infectious Diseases in 

Egyptian Public Health Association

fObstetrics and Gynecology

• Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

List of 69 publications lrelevant to Egypt

• List:  45 have “Egypt” or “Egyptian” in the title

• Medline: 12 of 5,246 serials indexed have “Egypt” or “Egyptian” in the title

Accessibility of published reports of y p pEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• NCI Cairo Yearbooks 2000‐2006NCI Cairo Yearbooks 2000 2006

• J Egypt Nat Cancer Inst. 2000‐2006

f l• 5 areas of cancer control

–Breast cancer

–Bladder cancer

– LymphomaLymphoma

–Paediatric malignancies

P lli i & S i C–Palliative & Supportive Care

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Search of NCI Yearbooks & J Egypt Nat CancerSearch of NCI Yearbooks & J Egypt Nat Cancer Inst

• Entered on ProCite bibliographic database• Entered on ProCite bibliographic database

• Relevant published papers identified 

• Corresponding search on PubMed 

• Search terms: 

–NAME OF AUTHOR[au] AND YEAR OF PUBLICATION[dp]PUBLICATION[dp]

Accessibility of published reports ofAccessibility of published reports of Egyptian cancer research 

2000 20062000‐2006 • Results

– 681 studies / all areas of cancer care– 681 studies / all areas of cancer care

– 132 (19%) dissertations

13 (2%) unpublished– 13 (2%) unpublished

– 536 (79%) published reports of research• 481 (71%) journal papers• 481 (71%) journal papers 

• 55    (8%) conference proceedings

Journal of Egyptian National Cancer Institute 2000‐2006

• Articles publ. 2000‐2006:  283

• Articles indexed on Medline :  111 (39%)( )

• Non Indexed articles : 172 (61%)• Non‐Indexed articles :  172 (61%)

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Breast cancerBreast cancer

–Published reports    63

–Accessible via PubMed   27

–Not accessible (Conf) 36(3)Not accessible (Conf)    36(3)

–% reports not indexed  57%

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Bladder cancerBladder cancer

–Published reports   59

–Accessible via PubMed  28

–Not accessible (Conf) 31(3)Not accessible (Conf)    31(3)

–% reports not indexed   52%

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Lymphoma• Lymphoma

–Published reports   26

–Accessible via PubMed  12

–Not accessible (Conf) 14(1)–Not accessible (Conf)    14(1)

–% reports not indexed  54%

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Paediatric malignancyPaediatric malignancy

–Published reports  47

–Accessible via PubMed  21

–Not accessible (Conf) 26(4)Not accessible (Conf)    26(4)

–% reports not indexed  55%

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

• Palliative & Supportive CarePalliative & Supportive Care

–Published reports  46

–Accessible via PubMed  21

–Not accessible (Conf) 26(4)Not accessible (Conf)   26(4)

–% reports not indexed   61%

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006 

Result

0% f h ( 8%• >50% of research reports (mean 55.8%; range 52%‐61%) are not accessible via PubMed

Accessibility of published reports of hEgyptian cancer research 2000‐2006

• ConclusionsConclusions– PubMed does not provide adequate access to Egyptian research in these areasgyp

– No requirement for PubMed to include all studies

– Outcomes of  Egyptian research may be more difficult to access (especially to decision‐makers outside Egypt)

– Relevant research data may be unread/unreviewed

– A new mechanism is needed to provide comprehensive access

Database of Cancer ControllEgyptian Pilot Project

• INCTR + ESO + NCI CairoINCTR + ESO + NCI Cairo

• PurposeT d t t th th d l f b ildi– To demonstrate the methodology for building a database of cancer control research  within a developing country contextdeveloping country context

• January 2008‐December 2009

Database of Cancer ControllEgyptian Pilot Project

• Inclusion criteriaInclusion criteria– Studies conducted in Egypt  or relevant to the Egyptian populationEgyptian population

– 5 areas of cancer (breast cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, childhood cancers and palliative &lymphoma, childhood cancers and palliative & supportive care)

– Published 2000‐2006

– The studies already identified to  form the foundation of the Egyptian pilot database

Database of Cancer ControllEgyptian Pilot Project

• Search strategygy– Databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library Journals : General and specialist journals not indexed– Journals : General and specialist journals not indexed on databases and indexed journals known to be under‐representedConference proceedings– Conference proceedings

– University theses– Industry: reports of studies conducted within Egypt y p gyp– Cancer registry  monographs and reports

Database of Cancer ControllEgyptian Pilot Project

• User friendlyUser friendly– Coded for use by health care professionals

Accessible through the NCI Cairo website– Accessible through the NCI Cairo website.  

– Plain language guide to help users

U t id f db k– User group to provide consumer feedback. 

Database of Cancer ControllEgyptian Pilot Project

• NCI responsibility for management & maintenance p y g• Outcomes:

– A comprehensive listing of Egyptian research relevant to h fi f hthe five areas of cancer research

– A structure and methodology for extending the database to all areas of Egyptian cancer control

– Visible international profile for Egyptian research– Facilitates systematic reviews of the relevance and methodological quality of researchmethodological quality of research

– More informed research & development agenda  (national and international)

ConclusionConclusion

• If clinical research is to be at all useful to clinical practice – it must first be visible

• Research published in developing countries is currently under represented by the leadingcurrently under‐represented by the leading bibliographic databases 

• New database needed to ensure outcomes ofNew database needed to ensure outcomes of cancer control research are more easily accessible to decision‐makers (clinicians, researchers policy makers and patients)researchers, policy‐makers and patients)

• New database should be developed and maintained on site in developing countriesp g

QualityQuality

• Discussion of quality issues should beDiscussion of quality issues should be evidence‐based

• Need for systematic reviews of relevance and• Need for systematic reviews of relevance and methodological quality

O h lf h id i i i• Over half the evidence is missing

• Exclusion is not always indicator of poor quality

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

• ASCO/SEMCO organising committeeASCO/SEMCO organising committee

• European School of Oncology

i h l d f d C C i• Dr Hussein Khaled, Dr Atef Badran, NCI Cairo

• International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research

h kThank you

Mark Lodge

International Network Cancer Treatment and Research 

Oxford UK

[email protected]@canet.org