musika

varlam qutiZe

`simRera eris sulieri sarkea, es aris xmovani qronika, romelSic aRbeWdilia eris mraval-saukunovani ganviTarebis istoriuli procesi. amitom araferi inaxavs ise mamapapur tradici-ebs da qarTul suls, rogorc simRera. simRera maradiulia, roca igi Taobebs mihyveba, xolo kvdeba, Tu mas axalgazrdoba iviwyebs.

Tu ginda xalxuri simRera Seinaxo, igi bavSvebs unda aswavlo. Tu bavSvi pataraobidanve Se-iswavlis da Seiyvarebs xalxur simReras, mere igi sicocxlis bolomde gahyveba, amiT Zveli tra-diciebic gadarCeba~.

es sityvebi baton anzor erqomaiSvils ekuTvnis. swored am ideam gadaawyvetina mas Seeqmna biWunaTa folkloruli ansambli, romelic qarTul xalxur simRerebs Seasrulebda. idea man gauziara bavSvTa mxatvruli aRzrdis sasaxlis direqtors, qalbaton naTela jiRaurs, rome-lic sixaruliT daeTanxma batoni anzoris SemoTavazebas da 1977 wlis Semodgomaze daiwyo an-samblisTvis biWunaTa moZieba.

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es is periodia, rodesac Zalze popula-ruli iyo gogonaTa vokalur-instrumentu-li ansambli ̀ mziuri~, saqarTvelos sxvadas-xva kuTxeSi mravlad gvxvdeboda `mziuris~ msgavsi ansamblebi. axalgazrdoba ZiriTa-dad usmenda ucxoeTidan Semosul pop-musi-kas. xalxuri simRerebi ki mozardebSi saqi-liko Tema iyo. aqedan gamomdinare, pirveli mcdelobebi biWunebis Sesagroveblad Zal-ze rTuli aRmoCnda. gadawyda, rom bavSvebi tradiciul momReralTa ojaxebSi moeZeb-naT da marTlac, ansamblis pirveli 28 wevri am ojaxTa wyalobiT Seikriba, romelTagan erT-erTi mec viyavi.

1978 wlis ianvarSi bavSvTa mxatvruli aRzrdis saxlSi daviwyeT intensiuri repe-ticiebi. sam xmaSi simRera arc ise advili aRmoCnda. vswavlobdiT yvela kuTxis sxva-dasxva Janris simRerebs, gvacnobdnen maT istorias da ama Tu im simReris saukeTeso Semsruleblebs. yovelive es did interess iwvevda CvenSi. male repertuarSi 30-mde simRera dagvigrovda. sakoncerto naTloba televiziiT 9 maiss Catarda. sazogadoebas Cveni Tavi cnobilma poetma irakli abaSiZem warudgina. man vrclad isaubra bavSvebisT-vis xalxuri simReris Seswavlisa da popu-larizaciis mniSvnelobaze. amave gadacemaSi gamocxadda konkursi ansamblisTvis saxe-lis SesarCevad.

Zalian bevri werili movida ansamblis saxelwodebasTan dakavSirebiT. yvelaze didi mowoneba sagarejodan daviT SaqaraS-vilis gamogzavnilma werilma daimsaxura: `ansambls unda daerqvas `marTve”, radgan isini didi momRerali arwivebis bartyebi – marTveebi ariano~. ase daerqva ansambls sa-xeli ̀ marTve~.

marTve

anzor erqomaiSvili

`mziuri~

irakli abaSiZe

67

`marTve~ dRiTi dRe popularuli xde-boda. telegadacemebi da koncertebi CvenT-vis Cveulebriv movlenad iqca. xSirad gvi-wevda gamgzavreba sabWoTa kavSiris sxvadas-xva qalaqSi musikalur festivalebSi mona-wileobis misaRebad. gamoica ̀ marTves~ Cana-werebi gramfirfitebisa da audiokasetebis saxiT. cnobilma reJisorma zaal kakabaZem gadaiRo musikaluri filmi `mReris marT-ve~. filmis gadaRebebi ori Tve mimdinare-obda afxazeTSi da am orma Tvem waruSleli STabeWdileba dagvitova saqarTvelos am ulamazes kuTxeze.

1980 wlis ivnisSi TbilisSi Camovida sab-WoTa kavSiris kompozitorTa kavSiris Tavm-jdomare, cnobili kompozitori dimitri kabalevski. amave wlis agvistoSi poloneTis dedaqalaq varSavaSi tardeboda iuneskos musikaluri aRzrdis saerTaSoriso sazoga-doebis, ̀ ismes~, me-14 konferencia da musika-luri festivali. am festivalSi monawileo-bis misaRebad dimitri kabalevskis SerCeu-li hyavda bavSvTa gundi qalaq minskidan. am-is Sesaxeb man uambo qarTvel kolegas, sa-

qarTvelos kompozitorTa kavSiris Tavmj-domares, did qarTvel kompozitor oTar TaqTaqiSvils. batonma oTarma, yoveli Sem-TxvevisTvis, stumars SesTavaza moesmina bi-WunaTa ansambl `marTvesaTvis~. sagangebo mosmena gaimarTa konservatoriis mcire darbazSi, romelsac eswrebodnen dimitri kabalevski, oTar TaqTaqiSvili da sulxan cincaZe. ramdenime simReris Sesrulebis Semdeg kabalevski Tvalcremliani amovida scenaze da saTiTaod gadagvexvia bavSvebs, gvkocnida da aRfrTovanebas ver malavda

oTar TaqTaqiSvili

dimitri kabalevski

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sulxan cincaZe

mosmeniliT. imave saRamos gadawyda, rom varSavaSi minskis gundis nacvlad ̀ marTve~ gaemgzavre-boda. es iyo Cveni pirveli gastroli sazRvargareT.

varSavaSi festivalze, sadac 30 qveynidan Camosuli gundi monawileobda, ̀ marTvem~ furo-ri moaxdina. Cvenma Sesrulebulma unikalurma qarTulma xalxurma simRerebma gaaoca msmeneli da kompetenturi Jiuri. rodesac Jiuris iaponel Tavmjdomares hkiTxes azri ̀ marTves” gamos-vlis Sesaxeb, man upasuxa: `bavSvebma damatyveves da axla imaze vfiqrob, Tu vin SeiZleboda yo-filiyo msoflioSi is gamoCenili kompozitori, romelsac SeeZlo Seeqmna ̀ naduri~ da ̀ xasanbe-gura“.

1982 wels migviwvies germaniis federaciul respublikaSi, qalaq goslaris sportisa da mu-sikis saerTaSoriso festivalze. im wlebSi, gasagebi mizezebis gamo, Zalian rTuli iyo sabWoTa kavSiridan kapitalistur qveyanaSi gamgzavreba. imis Sesaxeb, Tu `rogori cudebi iyvnen germa-

neli kapitalistebi~, jer TbilisSi Cagvitares instruqtaJi, Semdeg – moskov-Si. aqedan gamomdinare, cotaTi dakompleqsebulebi CavfrindiT germaniaSi

bavSvebi sabWoeTidan. magram CasvlisTanave Cvens gaocebas sazRvari ar hqonda, imdenad didi iyo pirveli STabeWdileba. or qveyanas Soris gans-xvaveba imdenad TvalSi sacemi iyo, rom Tavi zRaparSi gvegona. arafers vambob, saocrad Tbil damokidebulebaze, rac germanelma xalxma gamo-xata Cven mimarT.

didi iyo warmateba. qarTuli polifonia imdenad gansxvavebuli da saintereso aRmoCnda germaneli msmenelisTvis, rom mayure-

beli aRfrTovanebas ver malavda darbazSi da xSirad gviwev-da `bisze~ simRera. goslaris garda, koncertebi gavmarTeT frankfurtSi, kaizerslauternsa da hanoverSi. `marTves~ gamosvlebs aSuqebdnen adgilobrivi televiziebi, Jurnal-gazeTebSi iwereboda statiebi.

erT-erT sastumroSi, romelic goslaris gareubanSi, saocrad lamaz bunebaSi idga, ori dRiT SevCerdiT. di-liT Tavisufali dro gamogviCnda da iqve, tyis piras, min-dorSi gavaCaReT fexburTis TamaSi. Turme, amave sastum-

roSi imyofebodnen ingliseli xelburTelebi, odnav Cven-ze didi asakisa. SegvamCnies Tu ara, movidnen da SemogvTava-zes SevjibrebodiT fexburTSi. Tavidan cota SevSindiT, vi-naidan Cvenze ufrosebi da Tan sportsmenebi iyvnen. meore

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maia da ramin miqaberiZeebi

dRes koncerti gvqonda da Cvens maswavleb-lebs eSinodaT ar davmtvreuliyaviT. auci-leblad aRsaniSnavia isic, rom ingliselebs ecvaT CvenTvis saocnebo `adidasis~ spor-tuli formebi, Cven ki Cveulebriv araspor-tul samosSi viyaviT gamowyobili. gulwr-feli da daJinebuli Txovnis Semdeg xelmZ-Rvanelebma dagvrTes TamaSis neba da matCic daiwyo. pirvelive wuTebidan ingliselebma Semogvities da male golic gagvitanes. mag-ram ra icodnen ingliselebma, rom Cven ara marto kargad vmRerodiT, fexburTsac ara-nakleb kargad vTamaSobdiT! nel-nela Tama-Si SemovatrialeT, upiratesoba movipoveT da eqvsi upasuxo golic gavutaneT inglise-lebs. TamaSis damTavrebis Semdeg `qarTve-lo, xeli xmals ikar~ SemovZaxeT. unda gena-xaT ingliselTa gakvirvebuli saxeebi, roca gaiges, rom Cven momRerlebi viyaviT da ara fexburTelebi. Semdeg jentlmenurad yve-las gadagvexvivnen da mogviloces gamar-jveba. Cvenda gasaocrad, erT-erTma maTgan-ma roca gaigo, rom saqarTvelodan viyaviT, daviT yifiani da Tbilisis `dinamo~ gvixse-na (erTi wliT adre Tbilisis `dinamom~ ev-ropis Tasebis mflobelTa Tasi moigo da im droisaTvis evropis erT-erTi saukeTeso gundi iyo).

Zalian STambeWdavi gastrolis Semdeg amayebi davbrundiT samSobloSi. gadioda wlebi. `marTve~ agrZelebda warmatebul moRvaweobas… Zalian cotas Tu eqneboda iseTi bavSvoba, rogoric `marTves~ pir-veli Taobis biWebs da erTaderT gogo-nas – maia miqaberiZes – gvqonda. maia

anzor kavsaZe

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Cveni lotbaris, ramin miqaberiZis, qaliSvilia. `marTves~ warmatebam sagrZnoblad Secvala mo-zardebis damokidebuleba xalxuri simRerebis mimarT. 28-e musikalur skolaSi specialurad Seiqmna simReris ganyofileba, sadac bavSvebi yovelgvari Zaldatanebis gareSe modiodnen xal-xuri simRerebis Sesaswavlad. swored es bavSvebi iyvnen `marTves~ Semdegi Taobebis warmomad-genlebi.

skolis damTavrebasTan erTad damTavrda Cemi, rogorc momRerlis, moRvaweoba ̀ marTveSi~. simRera Cemi cxovrebis nawili gaxda da gadavwyvite Camebarebina Tbilisis saxelmwifo kon-servatoriaSi sagundo-sadiriJoro fakultetze. konservatoriaSi cnobili lotbaris da mom-Rerlis, b-n anzor kavsaZis klasSi movxvdi. mogexsenebaT, igi cnobili momRerlis, sandro kavsa-Zis STamomavali iyo da garda programiT gaTvaliswinebuli klasikuri musikisa, maswavlida qarTul xalxur simRerebsac.

konservatoriis damTavrebis Semdeg Cems cxovrebaSi warmoudgeneli ram moxda: anzor er-qomaiSvilma isev mimiyvana `marTveSi~, axla ukve xelmZRvanelad. Zalian gamiWirda imis gaazre-

ba, rom anzor erqomaiSvilis, ramin miqaberiZisa da kote mSvidobaZis Semdeg me unda gamegrZe-lebina maTi gakvaluli gza. ase movxvdi im saocar garemoSi, sadac viyavi gazrdili da yvelaze kargad vgrZnobdi Tavs. miuxedavad imisa, rom 1995 weli iyo da repeticiebis Catareba gayinul da xSirad Cabnelebul darbazSi gviwevda, arasdros gvqonia bavSvebis nakleboba. amasTan dakav-SirebiT erT ambavs gavixseneb: Zalian civi zamTari dadga im wels TbilisSi. Tanac, didi avariis gamo, mTel qalaqSi gamorTuli iyo eleqtroenergia. dilis 10 saaTze mqonda gakveTili mosam-zadebel jgufTan, 7-8 wlis biWunebTan. darwmunebuli viyavi, rom gakveTilze aravin damxvde-boda, radgan sarepeticio darbazSic ise cioda, rogorc quCaSi, daaxloebiT -6, -7 gradusi yinva iqneboda. Cemda gasakvirad, 2-3 bavSvis garda, mTeli jgufi adgilze damxvda. ise iyvnen CafuT-nuli qurTukebsa da Tbil qudebSi, rom Tvalebi Zlivs mouCandaT. mSoblebma SemomCivles, Cven ar gvindoda moyvana, bavSvebma gvaiZuleso. maSin davrwmundi myarad, rom qarTvelebs namdvi-lad mogvdgams qarTuli tradiciuli xalxuri simReris siyvaruli.

TandaTanobiT SeveCvie `marTveSi~ yofnas xelmZRvanelad... bavSvebTan urTierTobas miad-vilebda Cemi arcTu ise didi xnis winandeli gamocdileba, rogorc patara momRerali biWisa. Tanac kargad maxsovda Cemi maswavleblebis – anzor erqomaiSvilisa da ramin miqaberiZis TiTo-euli sityva da qmedeba, rom yoveli Cvengani vyofiliyaviT samSoblos moyvaruli, zrdili, ga-naTlebuli da mxolod amis Semdeg gamogvividoda kargad simRera. Cems Catarebul yovel repe-ticias es paTosi laitmotivad gasdevs.

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`marTves~ cxovrebaSi didi adgili uWi-ravs sagastrolo cxovrebas. ansambli miw-veuli iyo msoflios mraval qveyanaSi (iapo-nia, taivani, tailandi, ruseTi, bulgareTi, somxeTi, italia, TurqeTi, saberZneTi, ger-mania, espaneTi, safrangeTi, holandia, avst-ria, Sveicaria, poloneTi, belgia, aSS da sxv.), raTa ucxoeli msmenelisTvis gaecno unikaluri qarTuli folklori, romelic 2001 wels ̀ iuneskom~ aRiara ̀ msoflios ara-materialuri, sulieri saganZuris Sedev-rad~. ucxoeli mayurebeli aRfrTovanebas da gaocebas ver malavda mosmeniliT, Tanac es patara biWebis Sesrulebuli iyo. ar dama-viwydeba xandazmuli frangi babuis creml-narevi sityvebi, romlebic parizSi `Sanze-lizes~ Zveli Teatridan koncertis Semdeg gamosulebs gviTxra: `87 wlis var, bevri mi-naxavs da gadamitania cxovrebaSi, meore msoflio omSic var namyofi, magram iSvia-Tad Tu wamomsvlia cremli, axla ki vdgavar da cremlebs ver vikaveb. vin xarT da saidan CamoxvediT, dRemde ratom ar vicodi saqar-Tvelosa da qarTuli simReris Sesaxebo~.

gastrolebs bevri mxiaruli istoriac axlavs. miT umetes, roca amden biWunasTan gaqvs saqme. qarTveli bavSvebi xom celqobi-Tac gamoirCevian simReris msgavsad. germa-niaSi erT-erTi gastrolis dros, sastum-roSi dabinavebisas, administratorma ga-mafrTxila, rom saRamos aTi saaTis Semdeg bavSvebs ar unda exmauraT, rom sxva stumre-bi ar Sewuxebuliyvnen. mec Cveulebriv ga-vafrTxile bavSvebi, magram sul raRac aTi wuTic ar gasula, rom administratorma oT-axSi amomakiTxa da SeniSvna momca – bavSvebi erTmaneTis oTaxebSi gadi-gamodian da xmau-robeno. Camovuare bavSvebs, yvela TavTa-vis oTaxSi garedan Cavkete da is-is iyo das-veneba gadavwyvite, rom administratori isev damadga Tavze. mec avdeqi da gasaRebebi vaCvene, yvela Tavis oTaxSia da iZineben-meTqi. wamodio, xeliT maniSna da gamiyvana sastumros ezoSi, esec Seni daZinebuli bav-Svebio. avixede zeviT da ras vxedav! biWebi fanjrebs Soris ganTavsebuli saxanZro ki-biT gadadian da gadmodian erTmaneTis nom-rebSi. ra unda meqna, movubodiSe administ-rators da davrCi ezoSi sayaraulod, sanam yvelam daiZina.

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,,p��a biWi ���d� y�s iR��s da Tv�s �k�vs.mR�� simR�� q�T�lTaq�T�� �� x�ls i�r .���d� biWi p��a, mR�� �qT� da uf�od,��t��a, �tyd�a,�m� ��a �x�o.g��e, biWo, di�o�Tkvlav� C�C��s �ni mze,Cq�a, �m�vno st�q�iimR�e g��C�ilze.imR�e, orb� ���o,mR�iT g��v� j�ir�,q�T�� kvlav� q�T��bs,dRe d�ga g��j�b�a .da mT�i ��� � cx��c� �vs simR�a ���Tau�l mt�s dau�rcx���na Tqva �rcxi q�T�lTa?!m�i�biTa da za�Taum�v�s akvn� g�Tl�i,��ca sxva fl�s Z�iTa,WkuiTa hfl��s q�T��.

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anzor erqomaiSvilma 1998 wels gamosca wigni `marTve 20 wlisaa~, sadac vrclad aris moTx-robili ansamblis Sesaxeb. wignSi moyvanilia cnobil qarTvel sazogado moRvaweTa – irakli abaSiZis, oTar TaqTaqiSvilis, mariam lorTqifaniZis, guram fanjikiZis, jansuR Carkvianis, Ta-maz gamyreliZis, biZina kvernaZis, murman lebaniZis, vaxtang beriZis da sxvaTa gamonaTqvamebi `marTves” Sesaxeb.

2018 wlis 31 maiss ̀ marTves~ daarsebidan 40 weli Seusrulda. igi erTaderTi bavSvTa ansamb-lia, romelsac saqarTvelos saxelmwifo premia aqvs miniWebuli. 2011 wels Tbilisis sakoncer-to darbazis win sazeimod gaixsna marTves varskvlavi. axla ansamblSi momReralTa me-12 Taoba mReris. dRevandeli gadasaxedidan naTlad Cans, rom `marTvem~ pirnaTlad Seasrula, qarTuli simReris gadarCenis didi misia, romelic mas anzor erqomaiSvilma daakisra. `marTvem~ Seqmna epoqa, axalgazrda TaobaSi popularuli gaxada qarTuli xalxuri simRera. `marTves~ magaliT-ze mravali bavSvTa ansambli Seiqmna, romelTa umravlesobasac ̀ marTveSi~ aRzrdili lotbare-bi xelmZRvaneloben.

dResac didi warmatebiT agrZelebs `marTve~ moRvaweobas da mraval biWunas ukvalavs gzas bednieri da warmatebuli momavlisaken.

j�suR C�k��i

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