B MN MY V T NG THY KH VIN C KH NG LC TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI
TI LIUGio trnh:
Thy lc v my thy lc tp II- inh Ngc i ng Huy Ch Nguyn Phc Hong-
Phm c Nhun- 1972 Tham kho: Bi tp thy lc v my thy lc Ng Vi Chu Nguyn
Phc Hong V S Hunh L Danh Lin 1976 Bm ly tm v bm hng trc Lmakin
Tuabin nc V S Hunh Nguyn Th Xun Thu Basic Principles and Components
of Fluid Technology Volume 1 H. Exner R. Freitag Dr.-Ing.H. Geis
Truyn ng thy lc th tch- L Danh Lin Ng S Lc
Khi nim: My thy lc l danh t dng ch cc my lm vic bng cch trao i
nng lng vi cht lng theo cc nguyn l thy lc hc ni ring v c hc cht lng
ni chung.
MY THY LC TH S
1640 tt Henrich: Bm pittng u tin
Nh bc hc Nga Lmnxp (17111765): Dng l thuyt c hc cht lng ci to
gung nc nng cao hiu sut, cng sut dng trong cng nghip Nh bc hc
le(1707-1783): L thuyt c bn v tuabin nc ni ring v cc my thy lc cnh
dn ni chung 1751-17541831 Phuc ny rn (Php): Ch to tuabin nc u tin
Xablucp (Nga): Sng ch ra bm li tm u tin
Giucpski (1847-1921), Trapplghin (1869-1942), Prtskua...... Sng
to l thuyt dng chy bao cnh dn, hon chnh l thuyt v my thy lc
MY THY LC NGY NAY
PHN LOI THEO TNH CHT TRAO I NNG LNG:ng c thy lc: Thu nng lng ca
dng cht lng bin i thnh c nng. Bm thy lc: Truyn nng lng cho dng cht
lng. THEO NGUYN L TC DNG CA MY THY LC VI DNG CHT LNG: My thy lc th
tch: trao i nng lng vi cht lng theo nguyn l nn cht lng trong mt th
tch kn di p sut thy tnh. My thy lc cnh dn: dng cnh dn trao i nng
lng vi dng cht lng.
TRUYN NG THY LC: l t hp cc c cu thy lc (k c my thy lc) truyn c
nng t b phn dn ng n cc b phn cng tc, trong c s bin i vn tc, lc,
mmen v bin i dng hay quy lut chuyn ng: Truyn ng thy ng Truyn ng thy
tnh ( Truyn ng thy lc th tch)
MY THY LC CNH DNBM QUT CNH DN NG C CNH DN (TUABIN THY LC)
MY THY LC TH TCHBM V NG C THY LC TH TCH
MY THY LC KHC
BM PHUN TIA
BM NC VA
Bm ly tm-
Bm hn lu -
Bm hng trc -
Tuabin phn lc -
Tuabin xung lc -
Bm v ng c pittng
Bm v ng c pittng rto
Bm v ng c rto
TRUYN NG THY NG
TRUYN NG THY LC TH TCHTTLTT chuyn ng tnh tin TTLTT chuyn ng
quay
KHP NI THY LC
BIN TC THY LC
TTLTT chuyn ng ty ng
Thng s lm vic l nhng thng s k thut biu th kh
nng v c tnh lm vic ca my thy lc. Bn thng s lm vic c bn ca my thy
lc: 1. Ct p 2. Lu lng 3. Cng sut 4. Hiu sut
1. Ct p c trng kh nng trao i nng lng ca
my thy lc vi dng cht lng th hin bng mc chnh lch nng lng n v ca
dng cht lng hai mt ct trc v sau my thy lc. Ct p ca MTL l nng lng n
v ca dng chy trao i c vi MTLTrong : H: Ct p MTL eB: Nng lng mt ct
li ra MTL eA: Nng lng mt ct li vo MTL p: p sut ca dng chy v: Vn tc
dng chy : H s iu chnh ng nng Z: cao Ht: Ct p tnh MTL H: Ct p ng
MTL
H eB e A ( Z B Z A ) H Ht H H t (Z B Z A ) H pB p A
pB p A
2 2 B vB Av A
2g
2 2 B vB Av A
2g
2. LU LNG Lu lng l lng cht lng chuyn ng qua MTL trong mt
n v thi gian Lu lng th tch Q: m3/h, m3/s, l/s Lu lng trng lng G:
N/s, t/h G=Q
3. CNG SUTo Cng sut thu lc l nng lng cht lng trao i vi my trong
mt n v thi gian. oCng sut lm vic ca MTL l cng sut trn trc ca my khi
lm vicNtl=GH=QHVi bm N>Ntl : Ntl=N Vi ng c Nw2
3. iu kin dng cht lng qua BCT cn bng n nh :
Bm hng trc ch to c ct p khi 2>1, cc cp gi tr ca 2v 1 khng c
nh m thay i theo bn knh R, ngha l cnh dn cong 3 chiu. Ct p thc t ca
bm:
Trong : KH l h s ct p
2.4.2.3 Lu lng ca bm hng trcLu lng ca bm hng trc:
Trong F: Din tch mt ct li ra D : ng knh ngoi BCT d : ng knh
trong (bu) BCT Vn tc hng trc tnh gn ng:
Vi Kc = 0,0055ns2/3 : H s vn tc
2.4.3 ng c tnh bm hng trcng c tnh thc nghim bm hng trc cnh c nh
c dng hnh yn nga Bm cnh quay, c tnh xy dng vi cc gc khc nhau ca cnh
dn
2.4.4 Kt cu, b tr bm hng trc
Ba kiu kt cu v b tr bm hng trc : 1. Kt cu b tr ng 2. Kt cu b tr
ngang 3.Kt cu b tr xin
2.4.5 Vi im cn ch khi s dng bm hng trc- Bm hng trc thng c t
trong nh trm c nh - Do chiu cao ht hZ
