MC-IN ORDER

8/9/2019 MC-IN ORDER

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METACOGNITIVE CHALLENGES TO CORRECT YOUR ESSAYS.

Based on the following explanations, correct your own mistakes. I want you to

enhance your understanding and awareness about English rules to contribute

with the development of good writing skills.

This idea was taken from my master professor Miguel ngel !aro who allowed

me to carry out this pro"ect the same way he did it. Thanks for it# $%

SINTACTIC CHALLENGES

1- Be careful when using in order toplus a negation;

Example& I left home early in order to not to be late for the appointment.

!orrection& I left home early in order not to be late for the appointment.

'( The ing form can be used like a noun or be part of a noun phrase.E! "moke is forbidden.Speak to an audience is always stressful.

#orrection!Smoking is forbidden. Speaking to an audience is always stressful.

E!the second step is create campaigns#orrection! the second step is creating campaigns.

$- You use ING after the prepositions in, at, with, of, for, about. Also, e!enthough there is no difference if we use to", we use ING after prefer, like, en#oy,

lo!e, start.

Ex& )he is here for plan the party.

!orrection& she is here for planning the party.

%- &greement! pa' attention to the con(ugation of the )erbs; the ob(ectpronouns which replace the sub(ect pronouns are also important.

Ex& the invention of perfection create lots of stereotypes.

!orrection& the invention of perfection creates lots of stereotypes.

Ex& children should talk to her parents

!orrection& children should talk with their parents.


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*- "pelling problem; for eample! - beggining

!orrection& beginning

+- #orrect the demonstrati)e! that,those,this,these

E*& This customs are very remarkable.

!orrection&These customs are very remarkable.

- a' attention to parallel structure.

Ex& I like swimming, studying and to listen to music.

!orrection& I like swimming, studying and listening to music.

+( semicolon is most commonly used to link in a single sentence%

two independent clausesthat are closely related in thought. -hen

a semicolon is used to "oin two or more ideas parts% in a

sentence, those ideas are then given eual position or rank.

Ex& )ome people write with a word processor, others write with a pen or pencil.

!orrection& )ome people write with a word processor$ others write with a pen or

pencil.

/- The eclamation and 0uestion marks are different from "panish.

Ex& /are you happy0

!orrection& are you happy0

Ex& 1I2m tired#

!orrection& I2m tired#

The title is the 3rst thing the readers look at. Thus, make sure you call their

attention so that they are eager to read your ideas.

1- 2se indentation in each paragraph.

11- 3hen 'ou do not ha)e a specific pronoun4 use 5T to ha)e a complete and

appropriate sentence.

E! consists on doing a nice (ob

#orrection! 5t consists on doing a nice (ob.
http://openpopwin%28%22indclause.html%22%2C%20400%2C%20320%2C%20%22%22%2C%2025%2C%2025%29/http://openpopwin%28%22indclause.html%22%2C%20400%2C%20320%2C%20%22%22%2C%2025%2C%2025%29/


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16- 7o not use the definite article T8E with general words4 names of people4means of transportation4 institutions4 names of countries in singular4 among

others.

$%& the life is too short.

'orrection& life is too short.

1$- 2se #9:"5"T" 9 when something is composed or made up of something

else.

E! the stor' consists in si parts.

#orrection! the stor' consists of si parts.

1%- 2se #9:"5"T 5: when eplaining how something works.

E! the main points discussed in 'our essa';

to do so4 'ou can paraphrase. & conclusion should not4 howe)er4 bring up a

new topic.

E! an essa' about the most interesting places to )isit in


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E! the girls are beautifuls

#orrection! The girls arebeautiful

E! the' are )er' different

#orrection! the' are )er' different.

6- 5t does not matter if 'ou ha)e one4 two or more than three ad(ecti)es in asingle sentence; the' alwa's go before the noun. The onl' thing that matters

is that 'ou organi?e them appropriatel'. ollow this pattern!

9pinion! interesting4 boring

7imension =si?e>! big4 small

&ge! new4 modern.

"hape! s0uare4 o)al.

#olor! blue4 green.

9rigin =nationalities>! #hinese


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6+- The word ad)ice is ne)er plurali?ed

E! 5 ha)e lots of ad)ices to tell 'ou.

#orrection! 5 ha)e lots of ad)ice to tell 'ou.

6- &)oid eact translation from the "panish language in regards to epressingpossession.

E! this is the life of m' son.

#orrection! this is m' sonHs life.

6A- &)oid long sentences. 5nstead4 make use of connectors and punctuation

marks to a)oid misunderstandings or incoherent sentences.

6/- 2se of commas.

2se a comma when beginning sentences with introductor' words such aswell4 now4 both or 'es.

Eamples!Ies4 5 do need that report.

3ell4 5 ne)er thought 5Jd li)e to see the da'G

2se a comma to separate two strong clauses (oined b' a coordinating

con(unction--and4 or4 but4 for4 nor. Iou can omit the comma if the

clauses are both short.

Eamples!

5 ha)e painted the entire house4 but he is still working on sanding the doors.

5 paint and he writes.

When the information in the clause is not necessary to complete your

main idea, insert a comma to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

Examples&

She cannot meet on Friday, because of schedule conflicts and deadlines.

2se a comma or commas with transitional epressions =howe)er4

therefore4 moreo)er4 for eample4 on the other hand4 in fact4 so etc.>.

Example 6& 7n the one hand, 7dysseus loves 8enelope and wants to return to

her.

Example '& 9is love of fame and adventure, however, overshadows his love for

his wife.


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$- ules to de)elop a topic sentence.

& topic sentence is generall' written at the beginning of the paragraph4 it

should contain a topic and a controlling idea.E! drinking coffee could be ha?ardous for health.

T95# #9:T9CC5:D 57E&

$1- Epositor' tets.

The main ob(ecti)e of epositor' tets is presenting information. 3e usuall'

do not epress our opinion. 5t should be ob(ecti)e.

$6- 3ord order.

a' attention to sentence structure. "ometimes4 the word is not located in thecorrect position.

Eample!

5 'esterda' wrote a letter

5 wrote a letter 'esterda'.

$$- & paragraph consists of se)eral sentences that are grouped together. 5t

should be a unit'. 7o not lea)e space between them.

E!


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I dont like the table thatstands in the kitchen.

35- he words somebody! nobody! everybody! everything! anyone are con"ugatedas in the third #erson.

$%& nobody wants coffee

$verybody is invited.

$+- 2se of s'non'ms.

2se a different word so that 'our paragraph does not seem redundant.

$- 2se of colon

2se a colon instead of a semicolon between two sentences when the second

sentence eplains or illustrates the first sentence

E! m' biggest dream! ha)ing a nice wife.

$A- 9mit some words; the' are not necessar' in 'our sentence.

Ex& in making mistakes is a huge advantage

!orrection& making mistakes is a huge advantage

$/- #apitali?ation.

#apitali?e the pronoun 5.

#apitali?e the first letter of the first word of each sentence.

Example& :earning to capitali;e correctly will improve your writing.

#apitali?e the first letter of names of people4 organi?ations4 and

places.

Example& 5uan went on a trip to Tokyo, 5apan for his company,


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#apitali?e the first letter of ad(ecti)es that are made from the names of people and

places.

Example& I like Mexican food.

#apitali?e initials

Example& My brother=s favorite author is 9.riday next 5une.

#apitali?e the official title of a person =including abbre)iations>4 but onl' when 'ouuse it with the personJs name.

Example& ?id !larissa recommend ?r. Montoya to you0

#apitali?e words used as names or parts of names.

Example& ?id @ncle


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E! 'ou must the net steps

#orrection! 'ou must follow the net steps.%6- 7o not put period to 'our title.

E! T'pes of students.

#orrection! T'pes of students

%$- 3e use etc. after a list more than $ elements.E! 5 like eating pi??a4 hamburger4 etc.#orrection! 5 like eating pi??a4 hamburger4 hotdog4 etc.

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@)E !744E!T7

ADDING

ndDas well asDBesides, D Moreover, D

>urthermore,D-hat is more, D In

addition,

not only but also D as well D tooD

another point is

CONTRASTING ButD9owever,D 4evertheless,D lthough

D Even though D Even if

, DthoughD

?espite D in spite ofD 7n the

contrary,Don the one handDon the other

hand,DwhereasDwhileDIn contrast,D

4eithernorD

7therwiseCONTRASTING ButD9owever,D 4evertheless,D lthough

D Even though D Even if, DthoughD

?espite D in spite ofD 7n the

contrary,Don the one handDon the other

hand,DwhereasDwhileDIn contrast,D

4eithernorD

7therwiseEXPRESSING CAUSE AND RESULT Because Ds D )inceD so D Therefore,D s

a result,DThis is why,D!onseuently,D>or

this reason,D

due to D owing to D because ofNARRATING >irst of all% D t 3rst D >irstlyD To begin

with, D In the 3rst place, Dt the

beginning D In the

beginningDsecondly,Dthirdly,Dthen D

later D nextDBeforeD fterD fter that D

afterwardsDimmediatelyD7nceD)uddenl

yD s soon asD>inallyDEventuallyDuntilD

t the endEXPRESSING PURPOSE / OPINION D in order toD in order that D so thatDI

would say thatDIn my opinion,DI don2t%

think that%DI don2t% believethat%D8ersonally,D>rom my point of

view, D In my view,Ds far as Dis

concernedDs regardsD s far as I can

seeD

CONCLUDING ll in allDIn conclusion,D7n the wholeDTo


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sum up,D:astly,DIn short,D

GIVING EXAMPLES / EXCEPTING >or exampleDfor instanceDsuch asD

part from,D-ith the exception ofD Take

the case of

AGREEING / DISAGREEING I agree withDtoI don2t agree withDto

D I disagree withDto

I2m in favor of

CLARIFYING I mean that%DThat is to say,DIn other

words,

*- a' attention to the correct prefi used. 8ere4 there are some eamples.

Prefx Meaning Exa!"e

a, an -ithout moral

ante Before ntecedent

anti gainst nticlFmax

auto )elf utopilot

circum round !ircumvent

co -ith !opilot

com, con -ith companion,contact

contra gainst !ontradictde oG, away from ?evalue

dis 4ot ?isappear

en put into Enclose

e! out of, former extract, ex(president

e!tra beyond, more than Extracurricular

hetero ?iGerent 9eterosexual

homo )ame 9omonym

hyper over, more 9yperactive

il, im, in, ir not, without illegal, immoral,inconsiderate,irresponsible

in Into Insert

inter Between Intersect

intra Between Intravenous

macro :arge Macroeconomics


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micro )mall Microscope

mono 7ne Monocle

non not, without 4onentity

omni all, every 7mniscient

post fter 8ostmortem

pre, pro before, forward precede, 8ro"ect

sub @nder )ubmarine

syn same time )ynchroni;e

trans cross Transmit

tri Three Tricycle

un 4ot @n3nished

uni 7ne @nicorn

+- a' attention to the correct suffi. 8ere4 there are some eamples.

N#$n S$%xe&

Sufx Meaning Example

(acy state or uality 8rivacy

(al act or process of efusal

(ance, (ence state or uality of maintenance, eminence

(dom place or state of being freedom, kingdom

(er, (or one who trainer, protector

(ism doctrine, belief !ommunism

(ist one who !hemist

(ity, (ty uality of Heracity

(ment condition of rgument

(ness state of being 9eaviness

(ship position held >ellowship

(sion, (tion state of being concession, transition

Ver' S$%xe&

(ate Become Eradicate

(en Become Enlighten

(ify, (fy make or become Terrify(i;e, (ise Become !ivili;e

A()e*+i,e S$%xe&

(able, (ible capable of being edible, presentable

(al pertaining to egional

(esue reminiscent of 8icturesue


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(ful notable for >anciful

(ic, (ical pertaining to musical, mythic

(ious, (ous characteri;ed by nutritious, portentous

(ish having the uality of >iendish

(ive having the nature of !reative(less -ithout Endless

(y characteri;ed by )lea;y

- Be careful when using ad(ecti)es ending in E7 , 5:D because the' totall'

change the meaning of 'our sentence.

E! "te)e is embarrassed, "te)e is embarrassing.

47TE C 6& d"ectives ending in Ed describe emotions while ad"ectivesending in I4< describe a characteristic of something or someone.

A- &nother and other are used in different wa's. 9ther is an ad(ecti)e meaning

JdifferentJ and it is used with both4 singular and plural nouns; another

epresses 0uantit'4 something etra or additional and it is used with singular

nouns onl'.

Ex& 9ave the other cup of tea, not this cupD9ave another cup of tea,

not "ust this one.

/- #oherence is the unif'ing element in good writing. 5t is what gi)es a piece

of writing its flow. 3hen writing lacks coherence4 the reader is forced to

stop and reread. 9rgani?e 'our ideas4 please.

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