mgqk fmrjok

1. 2014 w.jk jk úg Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh 2. fu;rï iqq¿ ld,hla ;=,§ úYd, wd¾Ól mßydkshla we;sùug fya;= fudkjdo@

i. mdrdj<,a,la jQ ue;sjrK fmdfrdkaÿ

ii. uq,H m%;sm;a;s wjl,ukdlrKh

iii. remsh, /l.kak fvd,¾ kdia;s lsÍu

iv. ie,iqï rys;j uy nexl=j lghq;= lsÍu

v. wkjYH yd jxpksl f,i rfÜ fmd,S wkqmd; by, ±óu

vi. há;, myiqlï jHdmD;s w;a;fkdau;slj

kj;d ±óu yryd wd¾Ól j¾Ok fõ.h wvmK lsÍu

vii. úfoaY wdfhdaclhkaf.a úYajdih ke;slr .ekSu

viii. YS% ,xld uy nexl= b;sydifha úYd,;u fydrlu

ix. uq,H wmrdO mÍCIK fomd¾;fïka;=j yryd rg iy wd¾Ólh wl¾ukH lsÍu

x. úys¨jla jQ 2016 whjeh

xi Èfkka Èk j¾Okh jk foaYmd,k wjq,

xii. f.da,Sh wd¾Ól miqnEu

3. rg ysrù we;af;a ienE Kh W.=,lo @ ke;skï mßmd,k woCIlulg o @

4. uy nexl= weiska fidaodmd¨j

5. ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh cd;Hka;r fY%a‚.;lsÍï j,ska my,g

6. zzhymd,kZZ fjia uqyqfKka iÕjkakg ;e;a lrk h:d¾;h

02

08

28

31

39

41

fmr jok

2015 wjidk jk úg Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh ukdj l<ukdlrKh flreK id¾:l tlla f,iska

cd;Hka;rj ms<s.ekSug ,laj rg bÈßhg hñka ;snqKs' wdfhdaclhkaf.a ye`.Sï Y=Njd§ úh'

ixj¾Okh meyeÈ,sj fmfkkakg ;snqKs' flfia fj;;a 2015 ckjdßfha isÿjq wdKavq

fjkiaùfuka miq" iudc wd¾Ól ;;a;ajhka flá ld,hla we;=<; iS>%fhka fjkia fjñka fï

jkúg Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh uy;a úhjq,a ;;a;ajhlg weojeà we;' wka;¾ cd;sl uq,H wruqof,ka"

Ökfhka" bkaÈhdfjka iy fjk;a fndfyda whf.ka wdOdr m;d ne.Em;a ùug wo Y%S ,xldjg isÿj

we;' wd¾Ólfha ÿ¾j, l<ukdlrKh ksid rg uqyqK md isák uy;a jQ Nhdkl ;;a;ajh" úoaj;=ka"

jHdmdßlhska iy jD;a;slhka w;r ksrka;r ixjdohg ,la fjñka mj;S' fï lreKq mqj;am;a ,sms"

rEmjdysks iy .=jkaúÿ,s idlÉPd" m%isoaO iïuka;%K iy iudc udOH fjí wvú u.ska fy<sorõ

l,;a" foaYmd,k{hka fyda uyck;dj" tu fy<sorõ lsÍï iïmQ¾Kfhka f;areï .kakd njla

fmfkkakg ke;' fuu ixjdo j,ska u;=jk úúO woyia yd ck udOH j,ska fy,sjk f;dr;=re mokï lrf.k tl

,shú,a,la f.dKq lsÍfï W;aiydhl úh;au. ixúOdkh ksr; úh' tu.ska wfmACId lrkqfha

iS>%fhka zfidaodmd¨ ù hkZ j;auka wd¾Ólfha ienE ;;a;ajh ish¿ md¾Yjlrejkag f;areï .;

yels f,i myod §uhss'

fï ,shú,af,a i`oyka lr we;s ixLHd f,aLK iy f;dr;=re" uy nexl=fõ iy uqo,a wud;HdxYfha

jd¾Isl jd¾;dj,ska ,nd f.k we;' wdpd¾h ksu,a i`or;ak" wdpd¾h ví,sõ' ta' úfÊj¾Ok"

uydpd¾h isß fyÜáf.a" wdpd¾h iuka lef,a.u" wdpd¾h ÿIaks ùrfldaka" pkaød chr;ak" iqNdIskS

wfíisxy" ÈfkaIa ùrlafldä jeks úoaj;=kaf.a ,sms f,aLK fukau cd;Hka;r uq,H wruqo," wdishd

ixj¾Ok nexl=j" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixj¾Ok jevigyk" *sÉ" uqãia yd tia wekaâ mS hk

wdh;kj, ksÍCIK" fuu ,shú,a, ilia lsÍug Wmfhda.S lrf.k we;'

wdpd¾h ví,sõ' ta' úfÊj¾Ok 2016 uehs 24 jeks od fâ,s t*aà mqj;a m;g ,smshla ,shñka zzY%S

,xldjg ,enqKq wjia:dj wysñ ùf.k hkjdZZ hhs mjihs' tu ksid fï rfÜ jD;a;slhkag fuu

h:d¾:fhka ;jÿrg;a neyerúh fkdyel' isÿjkaafka l=ula±hs f;areï .ekSug iy fiiq wh"

±kqj;a lsÍug Tjqkag j.lSula we;' ta wkqj wmf.a wd¾Ólfha j;auka zfidaodmd¨jZ kj;d ,Sug

wjYH l%shdud¾. .ekSug fï m%ldYkh m%fhdackj;a fj;sshs wms is;uq'

ixialdrl lñgqj - uydpd¾h cks;d ,shkf.a" uydpd¾h tia' wd¾' ã' frdaid" rdcd .=Kr;ak"

chïm;s fud,a,sf.dv" oñ; úl%uisxy iy I¾ñ,d rdcmCI

01

o' foa' ks'

tAl mqoa., wdodhu

WoaOukh

úfoaY ixÑ;

Kh$o' foa' ks'

fmdÿ wdfhdack

úfoaY wdfhdack

fldgia fj<|fmd, iuia: ñ< o¾Ylh

ú/lshdj

ÿ.S nj

whjeh mr;rh

.Dyia: úÿ,sh

msßiqÿ mdkSh c,h

ÿrl:k Ndú;h

mß.Kl idCIr;dj

iriú m%fõYh

we' fvd' ì,shk 20'7

we' fvd' 1"062

9]

we' fvd' ì,shk 2'3

102'3]

we' fvd' ì,shk 0'98

we' fvd' ì,shk 0'24

1506

8'3]

15]

7'5]

73]

72]

37]

0'5]

14]

we' fvd' ì,shk 80

we' fvd' 3"853

3'3]

we' fvd' ì,shk 8'3

70'7]

we' fvd' ì,shk 3'7

we' fvd' ì,shk 1'6

7299

4'3]

6]

5'7]

98]

90]

120]

26]

18]

o¾Ylh 2004 2014 ^m%;sfYdaê;&

j.=j ( 2004 - 2014 wd¾Ól o¾Yl ixikaokh

uq,dY%h ( uqo,a wud;HhdxYfha 2014 jd¾Isl yd 2015 uy nexl= jd¾;dj

^1& 2014 w.jk úg Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh

uy nexl=fõ 2015 ud¾. is;shfï ±lafjk mßÈ 2014 foieïn¾ 31 jeks Èkg rfÜ wd¾Ólh wLKav

j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrk idOkSh uÜgfï Yla;su;a tlla úh' miq.sh wjqreÿ 5 we;=,; o, foaYsh

ksIamdÈ;h fo.=K ù ;snqK w;r 2015 jkúg tAl mqoa., wdodhu myiqfjkau we'fvd' 4000 blaujkq

we;ehs wfmaCId flßKs' rgg iDcq úfoaYsh wdfhdack .,d tñka ;sìK' ú/lshdj 4'3] nei ;sìK'

WoaOukh fkdlvjd wjqreÿ 6 la u ;ks b,lalfuka fmkakqï flßKs' j¾Ok wkqmd;h hym;a

.uka m:hlg wj;S¾K ù ;sìKs' bÈß wjqreÿ 3 g b,lal.; j¾Ok fõ.h j¾Ihlg 7] lg jvd

jeä úh' m%d.aOk fjf<`o fmd, ireidr úh' 2014 § fld<U fldgia fjf<`o fmd< 23'4] l

,dNhla Wmhd ;sìK' fj<`ofmd< m%d.aOklrKh remsh,a á%,shk 3'1 la úh' fï ch.%yK ,enqfõ

oYlhla mqrd lrk ,o ie,iqï lsßï iy j¾Okd;aul wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul lsÍu ksidh'

my; ±lafjk j.=fjka 2004 iy 2014 w;r ld,j, m%Odk wd¾Ól o¾Yl ii`od ne,Sula isÿ flf¾'

02

2014 jk úg ;snqK jdisodhl ;;a;ajh" nyqúO wdh;k iy ;lafiare tckais lsysmhlau Tjqkaf.a

m%ldYj, i`oyka fldg ;sfí' tajd iuyrla my; ±lafõ (

w zzmiq.sh wjqreÿ lsysmh ;=, wdishdfõ ixj¾Okh jk wd¾Ólhka w;r Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól

j¾Okh bÈßfhkau isà'ZZ IMF ̂cd' uQ' w'& - 29 cq,s 2014

w zzY%S ,xldfõ ia:djr rch" fmdÿ wdfhdackh fmr±ß lr.;a" by< j¾Ok Wmdh ud¾.hlg

fhduqù we;af;ah'ZZ Standard and Poors ̂iagekavâ wekaâ mqj¾ia&

w —ie,lsh hq;= f,iska WoaOukh my; fy<d we;'ZZ Moody's ̂uQãia & - cq,s 2014

w —ol=Kq wdishdfõ iudc o¾Ylh w;r fyd`ou tajd we;af;a Y%S ,xldfõh'ZZ ADB ^wdishdkq

ixj¾Ok nexl=j&

w —ol=Kq wdishdfõ m%dfoaYSh há;, myiqlï yd ukdj ieifok ud¾. iy jrdhka n÷

fmdÿ há;, myiqlï jHdmD;s uyd ixj¾Ok Wmdh ud¾.hkaf.a fldgila fjhs'ZZ Fitch ̂ *SÉ&

-uehs 2014

w —iuia: whjeh ys`.h my; nisñka" rg uq,H ia:djr;ajhg m;a fjñka mj;S'ZZ

IMF ̂cd' uq' w& - cq,s 2014

w —Y%S ,xldj ÿmam;alu wju lsÍu w;ska ie,lsh hq;= m%.;shla <`.d lrf.k we;ZZ iyi%

ixj¾Ok b,lal - U.N.D.P.

w —rfÜ by< tal mqoa., wdodhu iy ;r.ldÍ;ajh ksid" Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól Yla;sh" iu

;;a;ajfha rgj,a j,g jvd Wiiah'ZZ Moody's - cq,s 2014

w —wdishdfõ j¾Okh jk fldgia fj<`ofmd<j,a w;r" fld<U fldgia fj<`ofmd, jvd;a

;sridr fj<`ofmd,la fjhs'ZZ lemsg,a *hskEkaia bkag¾keIk,a- tlai;a rdcOdksh

foieïn¾ 2014

w —f,dalfha fõ.fhka u j¾Okh jk k.r 10 w;r fld<U k.rho fõ'ZZ

udiag¾ ldâ -2014

by; i`oyka miqìu hgf;a" Y%S ,xld n,OdÍka úiska 2015 isg 2020 olajd w;am;alr .ekSug tl`.

jQ cd;sl b,lal idOkSh yd w;am;a lr.; yelsj ;snqK tajdh'

l 2020 jk úg o'foa'ks' we'fvd' ì,shk 150 blauùu

l 2020 jk úg tal mqoa., o'foa'ks' we'fvd' 7"500 g <`.dùu

l jd¾Islj 7] idudkH j¾Ok fõ.hla w;am;a lr.ekSu

l 2020 jk úg Kh m%udKh" o'foa'ks' fhka 65] g jvd my;g f.ktau

03

l 2020 jk úg whjeh ys`.h o'foa'ks' fhka 3] olajd my;g f.ktau

l fldgia fj<`o fmd< m%d.aOklrKh we'fvd' ì,shk 100 olajd by,g f.k tau

l ú/lshdj 3] uÜgfï mj;ajdf.k hdu

l oßø;djh 0] f.k tau'

2015 ckjdß 8 jeksod ckdêm;sjrKfha § Pkaoh ÿka ish¿ fokd n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha w¨;a rchla

n,hg tau;a iu`. rg óg;a jvd fõ.hlska ixj¾Okh jkq we;ehs lshdh'

f,dalfha my; nisk f;,a ñf,a jdish o w¨;a rchg ;snqfKah' 2011 - 2014 ld,fha f,dalfha f;,a

ñ, WÉPu ld,h úh' ^m%ia:drh n,kak&" kuq;a Y%S ,xldfõ rch fjkiaùu;aa iu`.u f,dalfha

f;,a ñ," 2015 uq,a ld,fha" 60] lska muK my; neiafiah'

f;,a úhou 2014 § Y%S ,xldfõ wdkhk j,ska 24] la ke;skï we'fvd' ì,shk 4'6 la úh' f,dal

f;,a ñ, neiSu ksid w¨;a rchg 2015 § we'fvd' ì,shk 1'9 la b;=re úh' ta wkqj th wdkhk j,ska

14] la muKs'

m%ia:drh( f,dal fj<| fmdf,a f;,a ñ< WÉPdjpkh

flfia fj;;a" w¨;a wdKavqj ;snqK wdKavqjg jvd wd¾Ól jYfhka hym;a f,iska lghq;= lrkq

we;ehss ;snqK n,dfmdfrd;a;=jg mgyeksj wd¾Ólh msßfykakg mgka .;af;ah' Pkaohg fmr

rfÜ ;snqK jdisodhl wd¾Ól keUqreúï mj;ajdf.k hkakg w¨;a md,k ;ka;%hg fkdyelsúh'

rfÜ w¨;a foaYmd,k yd wd¾Ól kdhl;ajh m<uq wjqreoao ;=< rfÜ wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh

l<ukdlrKh lsÍug wfmdfydi;ajQ yeá ;lafiare lsÍug <`.§ M<s ±lajqk uy nexl=fõ 2015

jd¾Isl jd¾;dj m%fhdackj;ah'

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80

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fuh jvd;a fyd`Èka f;areï .ekSug" 2015 ,enq wd¾Ól m%;sM, 2014 m%;sM, iu`. ixikaokh l<

yelsh' ck yd ixLHd f,aLK fomd¾;fïka;=j 2015 § f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrk ms<sfjf,ys fndfyda

fjkialï lr we;s nj o 2014 § uq,ska m<lr we;s o;a; miqj fjialr we;s njo fuys,d igyka

l,hq;=h'

tu ksid my; ±lafjk j.=j ilialr we;af;a 2014 uq,ska m< flreK o;a; iy miqj tu o;a;

2015 § ixfYdaOkh lr we;s ms<fj< ±laùug;a" tajd 2015 o;a; iu`. ixikaokh lr fmkaùug;a

h' fï ish¿ ixLHd uy nexl=fõ jd¾Isl jd¾;d j,ska Wmqgd .kakd ,o tajdh'

2014 § nqnq¿ ke`. wd i¾jY=Njd§ woyia w;S;hg iSudù we;' iuia: wd¾Ólfha j;auka ì|jeàu

ie,ls,a,g .;a l," wo we;sù ;sfnk wfmaCId Nx.;ajh mqÿuhg ldrKhla fkdfõ'

tallh2014

^uq,a f;dr;=re&2014

^ixfYdaê;& 2015o¾Ylh

o'foa'ks' j¾Ok fõ.h

o'foa'ks'

tal mqoa., wdodhu

ú/lshdj

Woaoukh

.sKqï ys`.h

BOP fYaIh

ixpdrlhka meñKSu

úfoaY /lshd wdodhu

úfoaY wdfhdack

úfoaY ixÑ;

úksuh wkqmd;h ^ jir w.&

úksuh wkqmd;h ^idudkH&

whjeh ys`.h

iuia: Kh

iuia: Kh $o'foa'ks'

uqo,a iemhqfï j¾Okh

iuia: fldgia ñ, o¾Ylh

fldgia fj<`ofmd, m%d.aOklrKh

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j.=j ( 2014 - 2015 wd¾Ól o¾Yl ixikaokh

uq,dY%h ( Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ 2014 yd 2015 jd¾Issl jd¾;d

05

fndfyda ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s kj;d we;s ksid ienE wd¾Ól j¾Okhg th iDcqj n,md we;' w;S;hg

n,mdk f,i nÿ mekùfï m%;sM,hla f,i fm!oa.,sl wxYhkays meje;au wNsfhda.hg ,la lr

we;' ;jo rcfha we;eï n,OdÍka úiska miq.sh rchg ys;j;a hehs Tjqkaa is;k by< fmf<a

jHdmdßlhka fndfyda ysßyerj,g ,la lr we;'

uq,H wxYh .ek i,ld n,k l," foaYmd,k wNsm%dhhka uq,a lrf.k lrk ,o rdcH wxYfha

jegqma jeälsÍï rchg w;suy;a nrla úh' rcfha Kh .ekSfï pl%h wl%uj;a ùugo th fya;= mdol

úh' miq.sh 2015 fmnrjdßfha we;sjQ újdod;aul uynexl= ne`ÿïlr ksl=;=j ksid we;sjQ fmd<S

jeälsÍï fya;=fjka ;;ajh ;j;a krl w;g m;aúh' rcfha ish¿ Kh j, fmd,S wkqmd;hka ;j;a

by, f.dia rgg w;sf¾l nrla megúKs' fï wys;lr ;;a;ajh rfÜ fmd,S wkqmd; jHqyh flfrys

udi 10 la muK n,mEfõh' 2015 foieïn¾ 31 Èk fmd<s wkqmd; ks< jYfhka jeä lrk ;=re th

meje;sfhah' tu.ska 2015 j¾Ih mqrdu uq,H uKav,h u.ska wkq.ukh lrk ,o ,sys,a uq,H

m%;sm;a;s wjika jqKq njg b`.s flrefKah' ta jkúg;a mSvkhg yiqù ;snqK rcfha uq,H

l<ukdlrKh fuu.ska ;j;a úhjq,g m;a jQ nj wuq;=fjka lsjhq;= fkdfõ' fuu w¾nqofha m%;sM,

;ju;a wd¾Ólhg n,mEï lrñka ;sfí'

wd¾Ólfha we;sjQ úhjq,;a iu." úfoaY wdfhdackhka wdmiq msg;g .,d hk njlaaa olakg ,eìK'

rcfha iq/l=ï m;a fjf<`o fmd<ska iy fldgia fjf<`o fmd<ska th meyeÈ,sju olakg ,eìK'

fuh remshf,a w.hg Rcqju n,mEfõh' md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKh jk;=re remsh, ia:djr

uÜgul mj;ajdf.k hdug rchg wjYH jQ w;r tA i|yd uy nexl= ueÈy;a ùu meyeÈ,sj olakg

,enqKs' ta wksis ueÈy;aùï j, m%;sM, ±ka fmfkkakg mgkaf.k we;s w;r rfÜ úfoaY ixÑ;

rch úisskau úkdY lr.;a ;;a;ajhlg m;aj ;sfí'

uq,H wxYh ie<ls,a,g .;al," úYd, nexl= iy uq,H iud.ï u; 2015 w;=re whjefhka mgjk ,o

w;S;hgo n,mdk nÿ ksid wdfhdaclhka wffO¾hu;a ùu;a" ish wdfhdack bj;a lr.ekSu;a

olakg ,eìKs' fldgia ñ< úYd, jYfhka my; jegqKs' 2016 whjeh f,aLKh u.ska nexl= lghq;=

j,g úúO iSudjka mkjd we;' rcfha fuu l%shdjka u.ska uq,H wxYh flfrys úYajdih ;jÿrg;a

ì`ooud we;'

2015 § fld<U fldgia fj<`o fmdf<a wi;=gqodhl meje;au wdfhdacl m%cdjf.a is;=ï me;=ï

uekúka fmkakqï lrhs' th Bg wjqreoaolg l,ska wdishdfõ b;du;au id¾:l fldgia

fj<`ofmd<la f,i ms<sf.k ;sìKs' 2009 hqoaOh wjika jQ miq wjqreÿ 5 ;=< fld<U fldgia fj<`o

fmd< b;d id¾:lj lghq;= lrñka 115'6] ,dNhla ,nd ;sìKs' iuia: fldgia ñ, o¾Ylh 2014

foieïn¾ jk úg 7299 la olajd j¾Okh ù ;sìK' idudkH ffoksl msßjegqm re' ì,shk 1'4

uÜgfï ;sìK' 2014 jd¾Isl ,dNh 23'4] la úh' wdfhdaclhskaf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j jqfha fï

06

j¾Okh fuf,iu mj;ajd .ksñka iuia: fldgia ñ, o¾Ylh 2015 ueo jk úg 8000 la muK jkq

±lSuhss' tfy;a wo ta ish¨ n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka ù we;'

2015 § fldgia fj<`o fmd<g w;ajQ wjdikdjka; brKu u.ska meyeÈ,sj fmkakqï lrkafka

j;auka rcfha ÿ¾j, wd¾Ól l<ukdlrKhhs' fldgia fj<`o fmd< rgl wd¾Ól Yla;sfha ñKqï

oKav f,i i,lkq ,efí' 2015 ckdêm;sjrKhg fmr wjidk wjqreÿ ;=fka§ fld<U fldgia

fj<`ofmd< b;d fyd`o fõ.hlska j¾Okh úh' wjdikdjlg fuka ckdêm;sjrKfhka miq fuu

;;a;ajh lKmsg yeÍ È.ska È.gu fldgia ñ< my; jeà" m<uq udi 12 ;=,§ muKla iuia:

fldgia fmd< jákdlu remsh,a ì,shk 600 lska muK my; jegqKs'

iuia:hla jYfhka .;a l," 2015 rfÜ wd¾Ól m%.;sh i;=gqodhl uÜgul miq fkdjk w;r 2016§

;;ajh ;j;a krl w;g yefrk ,l=Kq fmfkkakg ;sfí'

isÿùug hk úkdYh wdpd¾h ksu,a i`or;ak úiska 2016 uehs 1 ikafâ ghsïia m;%fha Tyqf.a

;srefõ uekúka i`oyka fldg we;' Tyq fufia ,súh" zzigkamdg lshñka wo mdf¾ hk lïlrefjda

we;eï úg wd¾Ólh uqyqK md we;s iene wjodku fkdoks;s'ZZ

^2& fu;rï iq¨ ld,hla ;=,§ úYd, wd¾Ól mßydkshla we;sùug

fya;= fudkjdo @

m%ia:drh( fldgia fj<| fmdf,a iuia: ñ, o¾Ylh ^2015 ckjdß - 2016 wfm%a,a&

uq,dY%h ( http//www.tradiageconomics.com / sri lanka /stock - novkeft

07

fï miqìu hgf;a fndfyda wh wjOdkh fhduq lrk m%Yakh jkafka" 2015 werfUk úg b;d

fyd`Èka ;snQ wd¾Ólh fufia lvd jeàug fya;=ù we;s idOl ljf¾o hkakh'

fuh ixlS¾K m%YaKhls' ta i|yd ir< fyda iDcq ms<s;=rla ke;' tu jHikh we;sùug fya;=

fndfydah' fïjd tlsfklg iïnkaOj o we;' tlla wfkl fmdaIKh lrñka úIu pl%hla idohs'

tu.ska we;sjk wjq,a iy.; ;;a;Ajfhka .e,ùu wmyiqh'

flfia fj;;a my; ±lafjk úYaf,aIKh u.ska Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh j¾;udkfha weojeàug fya;= ù

we;s uq,sl fya;= 12la idlÉPd lsÍug W;aidy .efka'

i' mdrdj<,a,la jQ ue;sjrK fmdfrdkaÿ

ckdêm;sjrKfha§ ,nd ÿka fmdfrdkaÿjla bgqlsÍu i|yd Èk ishfha w;=re whjefhka ñ,shk 1'4

la jQ rcfha fiajlhka ish¨ fokdg remsh,a 10"000 lska jegqma jeälsÍu lsisfia;a m%dfhdA.sl fkdjQ

w;r th uq,H wxYhg úYd, nrla we;s lf<ah' tjlg úmCIfha isá j;auka md<lhka

ckdêm;sjrKh b,lal fldg fuu fmdfrdkaÿj ÿkafka úhoug iu.dój wdodhu Wmhd .ekSfï

lsisÿ ie,eiaulaa fkdue;sjh' n,hg meñKSfuka miqj fmdfrdkaÿ bgq fkdlr uy ue;sjrKhg

uqyqK Èh fkdyels ksid jegqma j¾Okh wlue;af;ka fyda ,nd §ug isÿúh' fuys m%;sM,h

wd¾Ólfha wfkla wxY flfrys ±ä iDKd;aul n,mEula we;sl, w;r j;auka wd¾Ól mßydksfha

m%drïNl wjia:djla f,i fuh i|yka l< yel'

2015 w;=re whjefhka rdcH fiajfha jegqma jeä lsÍu ksid rcfha mqkrdj¾;k úhoï 2014 § re'

ì,shk 1"323 isg re' ì,shk 1"762 olajd jeä lrk ,È' th 25] l iqúi,a jeä ùuls'

iuia:hla jYfhka .;a l," ±kg mj;sk wd¾Ól ÿIalr;dj,g uq,sl fya;=j jkafka uq,H wxYfha

we;sjqK uqo,a msg.,khhs' rfÜ wd¾Ólh kej; ilia lrkakg kï" th ;sridrj h:d ;;a;ajhg

m;al< hq;= tla .eg¿jls' tfy;a tu ish¨ n,dfmdrd;a;= lv lrñka" uq,H l%shdldrlï

fkdflrek ksid 2015 wf.daia;= md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKfhka miq 2015 y;rjk ld¾;=fõ isg uq,H

m%;sm;a;s j, ;snq ÿ¾j,;d ksid jHdmdr wxY miqnEug ,lajqKs'

tf,iu 2015 fkdjeïnrfha bÈßm;a lr" 2015 foieïnrfha § lSm úglau fjkia flreK" 2016

whjeh fhdackd j,ska o rch meyeÈ,s uq,H ia:djr;ajhla we;sj lghq; lsßug W;aidyhla .kakd

njg iy;slhla ,enqfKa ke;'

2014 § ienE mr;rh 5'7] jqks' 2015 i`oyd m%fCIams; whjeh mr;rh" o< foaYSh ksIamdokfhka 5'9]

fu;rï iqq¿ ld,hla ;=,§ úYd, wd¾Ól mßydkshla we;sùug fya;= fudkjdo@

08

la jqks' tfy;a 2015 § iene mr;rh 7'4]la jqks'

whjeh f,aLKh bÈßm;a flÍ Èk 2 lg miq ikafâ ghsïia mqj;a m;g ,shñka wd¾Ól úfYaI{

wdpd¾h ksu,a i`or;ak m%ldY lf<a" rfÜ we;s nrm;, uq,H ;;a;ajhg uqyqK fokjd fjkqjg

whjeh f,aLKh u.ska foaYmd,k ckm%sh;ajhla n,d fmdfrd;a;= jk njhs'

uy nexl=fõ ysgmq ksfhdacH md,l ví,sõ' ta' úfÊj¾Ok hkq ksrka;rfhka mqj;am;aj,g ;Sre

,sms ,shkafkls' Tyq mejiqfõ 2016 whjeh f,aLKh w.ue;sf.a wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfhka

fndfyda ÿrg fjkia njh' zz2016 whjeh f,aLKfhka iDcq yd jl% nÿ m%;s.ukh lrd f.khhs'

fuh EPF u.ska u`.yeÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqk fohls'ZZ úfÊj¾Ok uy;d *hskEkaI,a ghsïia T*a

Y%S ,xld j,g ,shñka ;jÿrg;a i|yka lrkafka" wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s m%ldYh u.ska 2020 jkúg

whjeh ys`.h 3'5 olajd wvq lsÍug ie,iqï l,;aa 2016 whjeh f,aLKfha th 6] olajd jeä lr we;s

njhs'

±ka meyeÈ,sj fmfkk ldrKhla kï" rch wka;¾ cd;sl wruqof,ka wd¾Ólh fírd .ekSfï

meflachla b,a,d isák úg" ta i|yd ;on, uq,H md,khla mj;ajd.kakd f,i wka;¾cd;sl

wruqo, rchg n,lrk njhs' tfia lsÍfï § foaYmd,k w¾nqo we;súh yels jqj;a th ;Èka l%shdjg

kxjk f,i Tjqka ksfhda. lrkq we;' flfia fj;;a kj rchg tfia lsÍug wjYH foaYmd,k

yelshdjla ;sfí o hkak iel iys;h'

fndfyda foaYmd,k úpdrlhka mjikafka fhdað; wd¾Ól m%;sixialrK lsÍfï § we;sjk

foaYmd,k ì|jeàï md,kh lr .ekSug rchg yelshdjla ke;s njh' tuksid rch wka;¾cd;sl

Kh fokakkaf.ka fyda uyckhdf.ka fyda ke;skï fomd¾Yjfhka u fyda m%;sfCIam jkq we;'

ii' uq,H m%;sm;a;s wjl,ukdlrKh

Y%s ,xldfõ m<uq ;sridr uq,H ia:djr;aj wNHdih meje;=fka 2010 isg 2014 olajdh' ta ksjerÈ

ud¾.fha hdfuka w;am;a jqK jdisodhl n,mEu uq¨ uy;a wd¾Ól mqrdu me;sÍ ;snqfKah'

úfYIfhkau fuu ld,h ;=, l%udkql+,j whjeh mr;rh o, foAYsh ksIamdokfha m%;sY;hla f,i

wvq lrkakg rch iu;a úh'

09

j¾Ih m%;sY;h

2010 -7'0

2011 -6'2

2012 -5'6

2013 -5'4

2014 -5'7

2015 -7'4

flfia fj;;a" fkdie,ls,su;a yd foaYmd,k Wjukdjka u; mokï jQ m%;sm;a;s ksid jeäjQ úhou

l=uk l%uhlska fyda Wmhd.ekSfï úkdYldÍ l%ufõohkag j¾;udk rch fhduqúh' m%;sm;a;s

l%shdjg ke`.Sfï § isÿúh yels m%;sM, fkd;ld nÿ wh lsÍfï wdl,amh iuia: uq,H m%;sm;a;sh

úkdY lrñka iy wia:djr lrñka wd¾Ólhg ;on, ydks meñKúh'

fuys § ±laúh hq;= m%Odk lreKla kï rch M,odhs fkdjk rdcH úhoï ioyd wruqo,a imhd

.ekSu i`oyd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fndfyda úreoaO;d uOHfha wê ,dN noaola (Super Gains Tax -

SGT) mekùuhs' fuu.ska re' ì,shk 60 l wdodhula ,eîug yelsjqjo fï w¥r o¾Ys l%shdj,sfha

whym;a M, úmdl fndfydah' th j¾;udk wd¾Ól mßydkshg fndfyda fia ;=vq ÿkafkah' zzjHdmdr

ñ;%ZZ hhs lshd.kakd md,k ;ka;%hlska fmr ld,hkag n, mdk mßÈ mkjk ,o nÿ j,ska we;sjQ

lïmkh wdfhdack is;=ï flfrys iDKd;aulj n,mEfõh' 2015 ckjdß w;=re whjeh fhdackd

ksfõokh flreKq ú.iu fldgia fj<`o fmd< lvd jeàu u.ska fuh úoHdudk jqkss' fldgia

fj<`ofmd< ;ju;a h:d ;;a;ajhg m;aj ke;'

2014 ckjdß 2015-ud¾;= 2016

iuia: fldgia ñ, o¾Ylh 7"299 6"061

fj<`ofmd< j¾Okh 23'4] ̂ 25'4]& Rk w.hls'

idudkH ffoksl w,úh re' ì,shk 1'4 re' ñ,shk 300

fj<`ofmd, m%d.aOklrKh re' á%,shk 3'1 re' á%,shk 2'5

úfoaYSh uqo,a .,kh re' ì,shk 22 we;=,g re' ì,shk 5'5 msg;g

j.=j # 2010 - 2015 olajd o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fha m%;sY;hla f,i whjeh ys`.h

uq,dY%h ( uynexl= jd¾;dj 2015

j.=j ( fld<U fldgia fj<| fmdf,a yeisÍu

uq,dY%h ( fld<U fldgia fj<|fmd,

10

2015 muKla ;djld,sl mshjrla f,i wê ,dN noao mkjk ,o ksid 2016 § tu wdodhu flfia ,nd

.kq weoa±hs ielhla wdfhdaclhska ;=, we;s úh' 2016 § rch ;j;a wu;r nÿ mkjkq we;ehs hk

ielfhka wdfhdaclhka iy iud.ï mßiaiï jkakg jQy' tu ksid 2015 mqrdu Tjqkaf.a wdfhdack

;SrK iïnkaOfhka zzn,df.k isáuqZZ m%;sm;a;sh ̂ zzwait & seeZZ policy& wkq.ukh flßKs'

wê ,dN noao" iud.ïj, fYaI m;%h flfrys n,mEfõh' n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjqk f,i tys

m%;sM,hla jQfha iDcq fm!oa.,sl wxY wdfhdack kej;S hduh' th remsh,a ì,shk 150 la muK ̂ o<

foaYSh ksIamdokfhka 2] la muK& fõ hhss ;lafiare l< yel' tu uqo," fndfyda iud.ï wê ,dN

noao f,iska f.jQ uqo, yd nexl=fjka ,nd.kakd tn`ÿ fo.=Khla jQ uqo, o" iu`. È.= ld,Skj

wdfhdackh lsÍug ;snQ uqo,h' fï ;;a;ajh 2015 ;=< wdfhdack wvq flrejd muKla fkdj" wd¾Ól

lghq;= j,g;a /lshd wjia:d j,g;a ±ä f,i n, mEfõh' ;jo 2016 - 2020 ld,h w;r uOH

ld,Sk n,mEï o we;s lf<ah'

fu u`.ska we;sjQ úYd,;u weojeàu jQfha 2015 whjeh ys`.h w;s úYd, ^7'4]& ùuh' fuh miq.sh

rch fmr wjqreÿ 5 ;siafiau f.dvk`.d ;snq ys;lr ms<sfj< lKmsg fmr<suls' wdpd¾h ksu,a

i`or;ak ikafâ ghsïia m;%hg zzckm%sh mshjr wd¾Ól w¾nqo we;s lrhsZZ uefhkaa ,smshla ,shñka

wd¾Ól wjl,uKdlrKh iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,xld n<OdÍka úfõpkhg ,la lrhs' zzj;auka rch

u;=jk w¾nqoh wvq lsÍug wjYH m%;sm;a;s mshjr .;af;a ke;' wf.daia;= uy ue;sjrKh ch

.ekSug ckm%sh ùug wjYH uQ,H iy whjeh m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh lsÍfuka ;;a;ajh ;j;a whym;a

w;g yrjd .;af;ah'ZZ

i`or;ak uy;d ;jÿrg;a fufia mjihs' —whjehg fmr w.ue;s l< wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfhka

wfmaCId flreK uq,H úkh 2016 whjefhka l%shd;aul fkdjqks' nÿ whlsÍu iy uq,H ia:djr;ajh

ms<sn`o m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul fkdjqks'ZZ

rfÜ wd¾Ólh mdjdÿka rcfha foaYmd,k l%shdud¾. .ek ;jÿrg;a i|yka lrk i`or;ak uy;d

fufia o mjihs' zzLksc f;,a f.kaùfï § ,enqK ,dNh mßfNdackh i`oyd jeh flßK'

ckdêm;sjrKfha § fok ,o fmdfrdkaÿ bgqlsÍug j;au;a rchg isÿùu fuhg m%Odk fya;=jhs'

;jo uyue;sjrKhg fmr Pkao odhlhd i;=gqlsÍug wjYH ùu Bg fya;=úh' uq,H m%;sm;a;s

wjl<ukdlrKh lrñka Pkao fmdfrdkaÿ bgq lsÍug rch fmdÿ úhoï jeä lf<ah' ta" B<`.g tk

uy Pkaoh n,d f.kh' tu.ska whjeh mr;rh ;j;a krl w;g yeßK' 2015 whjeh mr;rh o<

foaYSh ksIamdokfhka 7] jkq we;ehs is;sh yel' fkd.e,fmk whjeh iy uq,H m%;sm;a;s fj<`o

fYaIh whym;a w;g yerùh' f.da,Sh ;;a;ajhka iy rfÜ uQ,sl wd¾Ól lreK ÿ¾j, lr.ekSu

ksid m%d.aOkh msg ù hdu fya;=fjka úfoaY ixÑ; CIh ù .sfhah'ZZ fï ;on, úfõpkh

11

kef.kafka j;auka rchg mCImd;s f,i ie,flk wd¾Ól úfYaI{hl=f.ks' fï rcfhka óg

jvd foaj,a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqK fndfyda fofkl=f.a fkdi;=g fï fpdaokdfjka úoHdudk

jkafkah'

iii' remsh, /l.kak fvd,¾ kdia;s lsÍu

2015 uynexl=fõ ud¾. is;shfï ±lafjk my; i`oyka o;a; wkqj" Y%S ,xldj 2014 wjidkfha §

hym;a m%d.aOk iy uq,H .sKqula we;sj isáfhah'

w iDcq úfoaY wdfhdack ( wefvd' ñ,shk 1"635

w fld<U fldgia fj<`ofmd< ;=,g .e¨ Y=oaO uqo, ( we'fvd' ñ,shk 184

w rcfha jHdmD;s Kh ( we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"439

w cd;Hka;r iq/l=ïm;a ksl=;=j ( we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"500

w ;ekam;= Ndr.kakd wdh;k u.ska ,nd .ekqk úfoaYSh Kh ( we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"358

w iud.ï iy rchg wh;a jHdmdr ;=,g uqo,a .,d tau ( we'fvd' ñ,shk 777

fuys m%;sm,hla f,iska" Bg l,ska wjqreÿ fofla§u yd" 2014 § o rfÜ f.jqï fYaIfha w;sßla;hla

jd¾;d jqKs'

2015 wf.daia;= uy ue;sjrKh jk;=re" uq,H uKav,h u.ska ,xld remshf,a w.h mj;ajd .ekSu

msKsi úfoaY ixÑ; úYd, m%udKhla 2015 m<uq wg udih ;=< jeh l< nj m%lg lreKls'

j¾;udkfha wd¾Ól miqnEug iy úfoaYj,g f.dÿreùu flfrys n,mE we;s ;j;a jeo.;a

fya;=jla kï" fï w¥ro¾YS iy wmrsiaiïldÍ wdl,am fõ'

fuys m%;sM,h jQfha 2014 § we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"369 la jQ f.jqï fYaI w;sßla;h" 2015 § we'fvd' ñ,shk

1"489 l ys`.hla njg m;aùuh'

fï úkdYfha wdrïNh" iïnkaOhla ke;sjd fia fmfkk uq,dY%hla úh yelsh' ta .sKqï fmd,S

wkqmd;h bps 50 lska wvq lsßu u.ska" 2015 wfm%a,a j,È uq,H m%;sm;a;sh ,sys,a lsÍuh' újdohg

;=vqÿka NdKavd.dr ì,am;a pxpdj iy 2015 foieïnrfha ;snqKkdg jvd bps 100 muK jeäjQ

fmd<S wkqmd; Bg n,mE fya;= w;r úh' uqo,a uKav,fha fmd<S iïnkaO l%shdldrlï j,ska yg.;a

m%;sM, my; idlÉPd flf¾'

12

m<uqj ( fmd<sh ,sys,a lrkq ,enqfõ msgráka jdyk f.kaùfï noao ie,lsh hq;= uÜgulg wvqlr

;snQ wjia:djlh' tu ld,fha§u bkaok ñ,o wvqlr" rdcH fiajlhkaf.a jegqmao fkduiqrej jeä

flrefKah' ta miqìu hgf;a wdkhk iy Kh .ekSï j¾Okhla we;sfj;shs uq,H uKav,h

wfmaCId lrkakg ;snqKs' tfia wfmaCId l<;a ;ek;a" 2015 fojeks nd.fha § wdkhk iy Kh

.ekSï j¾Okhla isÿúks' 2015 fojeks Nd.fha iuqÉÑ; Kh j¾Okh remsh,a ì,shk 612 la úh' th

2015 m<uqjk Nd.fha jQfha remsh,a ì,shk 480 ls' fuu j¾Okh iajNdjfhka wd¾Ólh wdikldÍ

;;a;ajhg m;alf<a 2016 § fmd<s wkqmd;h iudkqmd;s f,iska jeä lrñks' bka we;sjqk Kh mokï

lr.;a wdkhk b,a¨u f.jqï fYaIh flfrys b;d wys;lr wkaoñka n,mEfõh'

fofjkqj ( l%ufhka wvqfjñka mej;s fmd<S wkqmd;h ksid NdKavd.dr ì,am;a orK úfoaYlhka

wffO¾h jkq we;ehs uq,H uKav,h is;=jd úh yelsh' tfia wfmaCId l<;a ke;;a 2015 wdrïNfha §

remsh,a ì,shk 455 la f,iska ia:djrj ;snq úfoaYslhka i;= NdKavd.dr ì,am;a iy ne÷ïlr

j;alï" fmd<s wkqmd; wvq ùfï m%;sm,hla f,iska 2015 uehs isg wvqjkakg mgkaf.k" 2015 cq,s

jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 400 la olajd my; nei" 2015 Tlaf;daïn¾ jk úg remsh,a ì,shk 300 muK

w.hlg jegqfKah' 2016 ud¾;= w.jk úg tu jákdlu remsh,a ì,shk 220 olajd ±jeka; f,i

my; nei ;snqKs'

f;fjkqj ( wdfhdaclhka bj;aj hdu;a iu`. rdcH iq/l=ïj, úfoaY úksuh läkñka ySkúu;a

iu.u" remshf,a w.h ySkfj;ehs uq,H uKav,h wfmaCId lrkakg we;' tfia wfmaCId l<;a

ke;;a" ta m%;sM,h o we;súh' tys m%;sM,hla f,i uq,H uKav,h" jerÈ wdl,amhla u; remsh,

;Èkau wdrCId lrkakg mgka .;af;ah' ta i`oyd ksis ie,iqulaj;a" È.ska È.gu tfia lsÍfuka

we;sjk m%;sm, .ek wjfndaOhlaj;a fkd;snqK nj ±ka fmkS hhs' tys m%;sM,hla jQfha uy nexl=fõ

úfoaY úksuh fj<`ofmd<g úlsKsu $ iemhSu weußlka fvd,¾ m%udKh 2015 uehs isg iema;eïn¾

olajd ld,h ;=< we'fvd' ñ,shk 2000 la ùuh' tu m%udKh 2016 ckjdß isg wfm%a,a olajd ld,h

;=< we'fvd' ñ,shk 430 la úh'

ta wkqj 2015 wjqreoao ;=, uy nexl=j u.ska úfoaY úksuh fj<`o fmd<g úl=Kq uqo, we'fvd' ñ,shk

3250ls' fuh" uq¨ uy nexl= b;sydifhau flreKq úYd,;u ueÈy;aùu jq w;r" tu l%ufõoh

lsisfia;a idOdrKSh l, yels tlla fkdjkafkah'

13

iv' ie,iqï rys;j uy nexl=j lghq;= lsÍu'

Y%S ,xldj" 2015 jir mgka .;af;a úfoaY ixÑ; w;ska b;du;a Yla;su;a ;;a;ajhla we;sjh' ́ kEu

wkfmaCIs; ndysr ;;a;ajlg wdrCIdldÍj uqyqK§fï yelshdj bka ;sìKs'

2015 fojeks ldre;=fõ isg Y%S ,xld remsh, w.h ySkùfï mSvkhlg f.d`ÿre ù we;s nj m%lg

lreKls' fï mSvkh u;=jQfha foaYsh idOl jk foaYmd,kuh wúYajdih" fmd<s wkqmd; j,

wia:djr ;;ajh" wjodku iys; uq,H l%shdoduh" ,sys,a flreKq uq,H m%;sm;a;sh" kqiqÿiq woyia

m%isoaêfha m%ldYlsÍï iy wka;¾cd;sl m%jk;djhla jQ (frontier/emerging) wjodkï fj<`o

fmd<j,ska wdrCId i`oyd bj;aùfï ̂ flight to safety& f.da,Sh keUqrej ksid;ah'

fuu idOl foaYmd,k wêldÍh ;=,;a" uqo,a uKav,h ;=,;a hï ìhla we;s lrkakg we;s nj ±ka

fmfka' ta ksid" uqo,a uKav,h Y%S ,xld remsh, wdrCId lr .kakd wáfhka" w;S;fha§ b;d

wrmfriaiñka /ialr .kakd ,o úfoaY ixÑ; wiSñ;j fhdojkakg fm<Uq nj ±ka fmfka'

tu wkqjK ls%hdj,sfha iDcq m%;sm,hla f,i" 2014 foieïn¾ 31 jeks Èk ´kEu ndysr

wNsfhda.hlg zzm<sy;aZZ f,i uqK §ug ;snqq weußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk 8208 lajq rfÜ úfoaYSh

ixÑ;h iS.%fhka my< neiafiah'

fï n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvù we;s wjia:dfõ § ̂ ydiHckl f,i&" rchg ±ka Ökh bÈßfha ne.Em;a

ùug isÿú we;' ±ka Ñkfhka Woõ b,a,d isáho" ksfhdcH úfoaY wud;H wdpd¾h y¾I o is,ajd 2012

ckjdß 28 jeks Èk" tjlg Tyq úmCIfha isáh§" *hskekaI,a ghsïia mqj;a m;g ,smshla ,shñka"

Ökh f,dalfha rgj, wd¾Ól >d;lhd f,iska ye`Èkajq njo u;la l, hq;=h'

±kg ,eî we;s f;dr;=re wkqj uy nexl=fjka 2015 cqks isg iema;eïn¾ olajd lrk ,o we'fvd'

iemhSu $ w,úh ±jeka; ñ,shk 1800 ls' úYaf,aIlhka fndfyda fofkla fmkajd fok mßÈ fuh

j;auka rch 2015 wf.dia;= uy ue;sjrKhg uqyqK §u i`oyd" foaYmd,k wruqKq we;sj remshf,a

w.h lD;Suj mj;ajdf.k hdug lrk ,o ±jeka;zzwd¾Ól úhoulsZZ'

t;eka mgka uy ue;sjrKfhka miqj;a" uq,H uKav,h u.ska úfoaY uqo,a fj<`ofmd,g ks;sm;d

weußlka fvd,¾ w,ú lsÍu uola fifuka jqj;a È.gu lr .sh njo fmfka' ±ka f;dr;=re fy<sù

we;s wdldrhg" 2015 wjqreoao we;=,; úfoaY uqo,a fj<`o fmd<g úl=Kd we;s iïmQ¾K m%udKh

woyd.; fkdyels weußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk 3"250 ls' tu uqo, 2014 foieïn¾ 31 jeks Èkg ;snqK

úfoaY uqo,a ixÑ;fhka 40] l m%udKhl ldndikSh lsÍuls' th" tla Èklg fvd,¾ ñ,shk 9 ls

14

^re' ì,shk 1'25 ls&' ;jo" we'fvd' ñ,shk 3250 hkq" 2015 ckjdß 01 Èkg NdKav.dr ì,am;a

neÿïlr j,ska lrk ,o uq¿ úfoaYSh wdfhdackh jk we'fvd' ñ,shk 2"966 g;a jvd jeä uqo,ls'

úfoaY wdfhdaclhka fuu Nhdkl ;;a;ajh foi ±ä wjOdkfhka n,kq fkdwkqudkh'

fï iïnkaOfhka ú.%y lrk úg" rcfha iy uy nexl=fõ w¥ro¾YS iy wjodkï iys; m%;sm;a;s

ksid" 2015 wjqreoafoa we;sjQ jeo.;a úfoaY úksuh .,dBï j,ska m%fhdack .ekSug fkdyels jQ njo

fmfka' ta wkqj" 2015 foieïn¾ 31 Èk jk úg" rg ;=,g .,d ú;a ;snq weußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk

7"200 ka úYd, m%;sYlhla" YS% ,xld uy nexl=fõ úfoaY úksuh ixÑ;hg tl;= lr .; yelsj

;snqKo" tfia isÿ fkdùh' tf,i ¥r olakd m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul lf,a kï" wju jYfhka we'fvd'

2800 la j;a ixÑ;fha r`ojd .ksñka ixÑ; uÜgu myiqfjkau we'fvd' ñ,shk 10"000 olajd f.k

taug bv ;sìKs' flfia fj;;a" wkq.ukh lrk ,o whym;a m%;sm;a;s ksid" rfÜ úfoaY ixÑ;h

b;d Yla;su;a ñ,shk 8208 isg" b;d lK.dgqodhl f,i we'fvd' ñ,shk 7304 olajd" 2015 uq, isg

w. jk úg my; neiafiah' fuh we'fvd' ì,shkhl muK ±jeka; my; neiSuls'

;jo weußlka f*vr,aa nexl=fõ fmd<S jeä lsÍfï n,mEfuka mjd Y%s ,xldj uqojd .kakg ;sìKs'

ta fjkqjg rfÜ wd¾Ólh mdjd foñka" mgq foaYmd,k wruqKq uqÿka muqKqjd .ekSu fjkqfjka

w;suy;a úfoaY ixÑ; m%udKhla rch u.ska ke;s lr .kakd ,§' tys m%;sm,h kï wo rg yeu

wxYhlskau wd¾Ól jYfhka w¾nqoldÍ ;;ajhlg m;aj ;sîuh'

uqo,a uKav,h u.ska úksuh wkqmd;slh wjqreoao mqrdu lD;su f,i r`ojd f.k isá nj;a ±ka

meyeÈ,sh' ksis ie,eiaula fyda b,lalhka fkdue;sj úYd, m%udKj,ska úfoaY úksuh fj<`o

fmd<g imhk ,o nj;a meyeÈ,sh' ta wkqj 2015 wf.daia;= jk úg remsh,a 133 olajd iq¿ jYfhka

my; neiSug Tjqka ls%hd l,o" uy ue;sjrKfhka miq 2015 iema;eïnrfha isg uqo,a uKav,fhka

flreK ueoy;aùu ;rula ÿrg ,sys,a l, ksid " remshf,a w.h iS.%fhka my; jeà" 2016 ud¾;=

jk úg remshf,a úl=Kqï ñ, 150 njg m;aúh'

2016 uehs 9 fâ,s ñr¾ m;%hg ,smshla ,shñka" m%;sm;a;s wOHhk wdh;kfha úOdh wOHCI wdpd¾h

iuka lE,e.u by; i`oyka ;;ajh ukdj ;yjqre lr we;' zzÿ¾j, uq,H m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh ksid

Y%S ,xld remshf,a w.h jd¾;d.; f,i my; jegqKs' myiqfjkau Kh .ekSug yelsùu;a" wdodhñka

fldgila myiqfjka fjkalr .; yels ksid;a" wdkhk lsÍï jeä lf<ah' wvq fmd<sh ksid

úfoaYslhka Tjqka i;=j ;snq rcfha iq/l=ï úl=Kd oud we;' 2015 iema;eïnrfha remsh, md lsÍu

iu`.u fmd<sh by< ±ïfï kï wd¾Ólh weof.k jeàu j<lajd.; yelsj ;sìK' miq.sh ld,fha

remsh, ,enq m%ydrj,ska fmkS hkafka wd¾Ólfha we;sjQ fjkialï j, n,mEu remsh, u; megù

we;s njhs' ZZ fuf,i 2015 wjqreoao ;=, remshf,a w.h 9] la fyda remsh,a 13'01 lska my; neiafiah'

15

tu my; jeàu nrm;, my, jeàula f,i ie,lsh yelafla" 2006 isg 2014 olajd jQ wjqreÿ 9 ;=,

remshf,a w.h wvqù ;snqfka jirlg 2'9] muK m%udKhlska muKla jQ ksidh'

2015 j¾Ifha Y%S ,xld remshf,a w.h my; jeàu uE; b;sydifha tla wjqreoaola ;=< wvqjQ úYd,u

m%;sY;h fõ' f;,a ner,hl ñ, l,ska jirg jvd 50] lg jvd wvqùula ksid we'fvd' 50 olajd

muK wvqù ;sfnk iuhl" fuh isÿùu Nhdklh' fuu ;;a;ajfha ;j;a Ndhdkl me;a;la

jkafka" uqo,a uKav,h" tys b;sydih ;=< lrk ,o úYd,;u úfoaYSh uqo,a fj<`o fmd< ueÈy;aùu

isÿjQ ld,hl fuh isÿùuh'

v' wkjYH iy jxpksl f,i rfÜ fmd,S wkqmd;h by, kexùu'

±ka b;d meyeÈ,s lreKla jkafka uq,H uKav,h" 2015 ueo ld,fha jvd;a iqÿiq uq,H m%;sm;a;shla

wkq.ukh lf,a kï" Kh j¾Okh 2015 w.jk úg l%ufhka ySkù hdug bv ;snq nj;a" wd¾Ólh

fuhg jvd ia:djrùug;a bv ;snQ m%udKh wo jk úg .s,syS f.dia we;s njh' ta jdf.au" 2014 w.§

meje;s fmd<S wkqmd;" ±kg jeäù we;s bps 400 isg 500 olajd m%udK fjkqjg bps 100 isg 200

olajd m%udK j,g muKla jeäùug o bv ;snq njh' my; ±lafjk j.=j th fmkakqï lrhs'

j.=j ( NdKavd.dr ì,am;a iy ne`ÿïlr fmd<sh

ld,h

udi 3

udi 6

udi 12

< wjq' 2

< wjq' 5

< wjq 6

< wjq' 8

< wjq' 10

< wjq' 15

< wjq' 20

< wjq' 30

5'72

5'86

6'04

6'22

7'26

7'57

7'91

7'99

8'58

9'15

9'27

31'12'14 Èkg wkqmd;h

31'12'15 Èkg fmd<s wkqmd;h

31'03'165 Èkg fmd<S wkqmd;h

udi 15 la ;=< jeãùu

01'01'15 isg 31'03'16 jeäùu]

6'37

6'64

7'09

7'63

9'63

9'77

10'15

10'40

10'60

10'88

11'34

8'82

9'63

10'24

10'40

12'56

10'58

12'83

12'93

12'92

13'03

13'20

3'10

3'77

4'20

4'18

5'30

5'01

4'92

4'94

4'34

3'88

3'93

54'2

64'3

69'5

67'2

73'0

66'2

62'2

61'8

50'6

42'4

42'4

uQ,dY%h( uy nexl= jd¾:d

16

ia:djr iy ;¾ldkql=, uq,H m%;sm;a;shla l%shd;aul lrñka 2015 wjqreoao ueo §" jvd;a ;shqKq uq,H

m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh flrefõ kï" iEu md¾Yajlrejkaf.au úYajdih jeälsÍug" uqo,a

uKav,hg yelsj ;sìKs' ta ;;a;ajh hgf;a Y%S ,xld remsh, fvd,rhlg 136 lg jvd my; jeàu

fkdjkakg ;sìK' th;a uqo,a uKav,fha wju ueÈy;aùulska isÿ lrkakg ;sìK' tn`ÿ

l%shdud¾.hla .;af;a kï uy nexl=jg LKsc f;,a ñ, wvqùfuka ,enQ b;sßfhka iy ne`ÿïlr

j,ska ;j;a úfoaY ixÑ; /ialr .kakg yelsj ;sìK' fï ;;a;ajh hgf;a bka§h uy nexl=fjka

foaYmd,k wruqK iys;j fokq ,enq úfoaY uqo,a yqjudrej (Currency SWAP) mjd wjYH fkdùug

;sìKs'

tfia u" iq/l=ï fj<`ofmd,ska úksuh msg;g .,dhduo wvq ùug bv ;sìKs' fuys l,ska úia;r l<

mßÈ hï hï ldrKd ksid úfoaY ixÑ; hï m%udKhla .,dhdu isÿúh yelsj ;snqKo" th o úYd,

jYfhka wvq jkakg ;snqKs'

tmuKla fkdj" 2014 § o< foaYsh ksIamdÈ;hg idfmaCIj ;snq Kh wkqmd;h 70'7] la jqks' j¾I

2005 § tu w.hu 91] laj ;snqKs' o< foaYsh ksIamdÈ;fha m%;sY;hla f,i" Kh fiajd .dia;=j" 2014

§ wjqreÿ 15 lska wvqu m%udKh jQ 4'2] la úh' 2002 §" th 7'4] la úh' Kh i`oyd f.jd wjidk l<

hq;= ld,h" (Average Time to Maturity) ATM 2005 oS wjqreÿ 2'38 la úh' 2014 § th 5'8 la úh'

tfy;a 2014 w.§ rch úiska f.úh hq;= uq¨ Kh m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 7"391 la jqjo" 2015 §" th

remsh,a ì,shk 8"503 olajd jeäúh' 2015 ud¾;= udifha isg Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok ne`ÿïlr (SLDBs)

jYfhka we'fvd' ñ,shk 3"100 la Kh ,ndf.k we;' 2011 isg 2014 olajdu Khg f.k ;snqfKa

we'fvd' ì,shk 1500 la muKs' 2015 ka miq .kakd ,o SLDBs udi 13 la jeks flá ld,Sk Kh

nyq;rhlska iukaú;h' óg fmr" Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok ne`ÿïlr i`oyd wdmiq f.ùfï ld,h wjqreÿ 3

isg 5 olajd úh'

;jo Y%S ,xld ixj¾Ok ne`ÿïlr f,i ,nd .kakd ,o úfoaY uqo,a" fï jk úg remsh, /l.ekSug

Ndú;h fldg wjikah' ±ka uy nexl=fõ tu úfoaYS uqo,a ke;' tu ksid" tu ixj¾Ok ne÷ïlr

wdmiq f.ùug ld,h meñfKk úg" ld,h Èla lr .ekSug wksjd¾hfhka isÿjkafkah'

bka§h uy nexl=fjka ,nd.;a úfoaY uqo,a yqjudrej i`oyd o 2016 f;la l,a È.= lr .ekSula lrkag

isÿj ;sfí' tfy;a th jqj;a 2016 § f.ùug isÿ jkafkah'

17

flá ld,Sk Kh .ekSu" wjodkug uqyqK mEu yd n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqkaùu hk wjodkïa folu"

we;s lrhs' ta ksid wdfhdaclhka by< wjodkï jdßlhka jYfhka" fmd,S wkqmd;fha jeäùula ±ka

b,a,d isàu mqÿuhla fkdfõ'

tfukau" 2016 ;=,§ wfmaCIs; weußldfõ fmd<S wkqmd;h jeä lsÍu;aa iu`.u" Y%S ,xldj ,nd f.k

we;s flá ld,Sk Kh wdmiq f.ùfï ld,h" jeä úhoula ord §¾> lr .ekSug isÿjkq o ielhla

ke;'

vi' há;, myiqlï jHdmD;s w;a;fkdau;slj kj;d ±óu yryd" wd¾Ól j¾Ok

fõ.h wvmK lsÍu

Y%S ,xld b;sydifha úYd,;u fm!oa.,sl wdfhdackh jk Ök iud.ul we'fvd' ñ,shk 1400 la

jákd jrdh mqrjrhla iy TiafÜ%,shdk Ok l=fõr fÊïia mel¾f.a taldnoaO fydag, jHdmD;sh

we;=¿ há;, myiqlï jHdmD;s rdYshla ys;=u;fha kj;d ±óu Tiafia" rfÜ wd¾Ólfha j¾Ok

fõ.hg úYd, myrla rch úiska t,a, lrk ,È'

fï jHdmD;s kj;d ±óï msgqmi ckdêm;sjrKh ld,fha iy Bg miqj;a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk

yryd n,mEï l< foaYSh n,fõ. ;snqKq nj meyeÈ,sh' WodyrKhla jYfhka zFriday ForumZ

kue;s hyñka uqo,a we;s rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhla" jrdh mqrjrh ms<sn`o úúO mokï rys;

f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrñka" jHdmD;sj, wdfhdackh jk uqo,a yd fjk;a foaj,a ms<sn`o fpdaokd t,a,

lrñka Woaf>daIK l< nj ish¨ fokd okakd lreKls' md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKhg fmr zFriday

ForumZ ±lajQ Wkkaÿfõ uÜgu foi neÆ l," 2015 wf.daia;=jg miq Tjqka /l we;s ±ä

ksye`ähdj;a" jHdmD;s lsysmhlu jev kej; wdrïN lr we;s úg Tjqka wkq.ukh lrk yslañ

Ndjh;a w;sYfhka mqÿudldr nj lsj hq;= fkdfõ'

tfy;a" 2015 ckjdßhg fmr" fï wdldrhg fkdfhla rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk" ;u l%shdldrlï

Tiafia wkd.; fm!oa.,sl wxY wdfhdack wffO¾hu;a lr we;s nj wo meyeÈ,s fjñka mj;S' tu

l%shdj,shg j¾;udk rcho ;u l%shdjka yryd jl%d ldrj hï wkqn,hla § we;s ksid" tu.ska iDcq

úfoaYSh wdfhdack 2015 § wêl f,i wvq ù f.dia we;s njo fmfka' 2015 § weußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk

3"000 blaukq we;ehs n,dfmdfrd;a;=jQ iDcq úfoaY wdfhdack" we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"161 muKla njg

m;ajqKs' 2014 §" iDcq úfoaY wdfhdack we'fvd' ñ,shk 1"635 la jQ nj o fuys§ i`oyka l< hq;=h'

18

rch 2015 §" tal md¾Yslj jrdh mqrjr jHdmD;sh kj;d ±óu ksid ta wjqreoafoa wysñ jQ iDcq úfoaY

wdfhdack m%udKh we'fvd' ñ,shk 700 la jQ nj ±ka ;lafiare lr we;' tu foaYmd,k l%shdj ksid

fláld,Skj /lSrCId j¾Okhg;a" È.= ld,Skj Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh ms<sn`o úYajdih;a ì`o jeàu fuu

ls%hd ud¾.h Tiafia isÿ jQ nj o wo meyeÈ,sh' tfukau" kj;d ±uQ TiafÜ%,shdkq taldnoaO ixpdrl

jHdmD;sh ksid Y%S ,xldjg 2015 § wysñ jQ wdfhdackh we'fvd' ñ,shk 200 ls' tu jHdmD;sfha Bg miq

wjqreÿ j, wdfhdackh lsÍug ;snq we'fvd' ñ,shk 300 la o wysñ ù we;' 2015 § wysñ jq ;j;a iDcq

úfoaY wdfhdackhla jkqfha ukakdrï fndlafla f;,a .fõIKh l< bka§h f;,a .fõIl

iud.u iaj ;dka;%slj ,xldfjka bj;aj hduh' 2015 § we'fvd' ñ,shk 100 la iy miq wjqreÿj,

wdfhdackh ùug ;snq úYd, uqo,l=;a bka rgg wysñ úh'

iDcq úfoaY wdfhdack .ek ie,ls,su;aúh hq;= nj;a" úfoaY wdfhdaclhkag idOdrK ie,ls,s

±laúh hq;= nj;a rchg f;aÍ f.dia we;af;a hï l,lg miqj nj ±ka meyeÈ,sh' wjqreoaola muK

ld,hlaa kj;d ;snq jrdh mqrjr jHdmD;sh wdmiq mgka .ekSug wjYH ksid zzmßir n,mEï

;lafiare jd¾;djZZ w¨f;ka ieliqjdhhs fndrejla ujd" tu jHdmD;sh zzcd;Hka;r uQ,H flakaøZZ

jHdmD;shla f,i y÷kajñka rch ±ka m%;sm;a;s fjkia lr we;s nj fmfka' kuq;a" ta jk úg" Ök

jHdmD;s iud.u wjqreoaola jev kj;d ;sîfuka isÿjq mdvqj fjkqfjka Èklg we'fvd' 380"000

.Kfka" we'fvd' ñ,shk 125 l ^remsh,a ì,shk 18'5& ±jeka; jkaÈhla rcfhka b,a,d wjidkh'

rchg jkaÈh f.úug fkdyelsjqfyd;a Ök iud.ug tu jkaÈ uqo,g iß,k jákdlug" bvï

fldgila" uqyqo f.dv lr .ekSfuka w;am;a lr .ekSug wjir ,nd fokakg isÿjkq we;' 2016

wfm%a,a uq,§ Ökhg .uka l, Ys% ,xld w.ue;s úl%uisxy fï fft;sydisl jkaÈh ms<sn|j idlÉPd

lr we;s nj jd¾;d ù we;' ta yryd jHdmD;s keje;aùu myiq jQj;a" tajd kej; mgka .ekSu myiq

ke;s nj" rch ±ka fyd¢ka f;areï f.k we;'

2016 uehs 7 Èk zzo whs,kaâZZ mqj;am;g m%ldYhla lrñka c,c iïm;a yd ëjr wud;H uyskao

wurùr o lshd we;af;a Ök iud.ug jkaÈ f.ùug rgg fkdyels ksid jrdh mqrjr jHdmD;sh

kej;aùug fkdyels njh'

f,dal foaYmd,k h:d¾: wjfndaO lr .;a rchg ±ka isÿ ù we;af;a Ök jkaokdfõ wdmiq hEu nj

wd¾Ól úfYaI{" wdpd¾h ÿIaks úrfldaka fmkajd § we;' weh lshd we;s wdldrhg wefußldjg fyda

bkaÈhdjg" tnÿ uqo,la wm rg ;=, wdfhdackh lrkakg yelshdjla fkdue;' m%d.aOkh we;af;a

Ökfha nj weh wjOdrKh lrhs'

fï ish,af,a n,mEu ld¾ñl wxYhg o fï jk úg ±kS we;' th ikd: lrñka 2015 § ld¾ñl

wxYfha j¾Okh 4] olajd my; jeà we;' ú/lshdj o 10] lska jeäù we;'

19

fï fya;=ka ksid" 2009 g miq o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fha wju j¾Okh jk 4'8] olakg ,efnkafka 2015

§h' tys§ u;l ;nd .; hq;= lreK jkafka" 2009 § f,dal wd¾Ól w¾nqoh iy Y%s ,xldfõ hqoaOh"

tu jif¾§ ksu jq njh' tfia jqj;a" Y%S ,xldj tu jif¾ §;a 3'5] j¾Ok m%;sY;hla jd¾:d lr

.ekSug fmdfydi;a úh' ;jo" ish¨ m%Yak uOHfha jqj;a" 2010 - isg 2014 ld,fha" Y%S ,xldfõ

jd¾Isl o< cd;sl ksIamdÈ; j¾Okh 6'8] l iudkH w.hla ùh'

vii' úfoaY wdfhdaclhkaf.a úYajdih ke;slr .ekSu'

2015 ckjdß ckdêm;sjrKfhka miqj foaYmd,k jdis ;ld" rfÜ ish¿ o;a; iy ixLHd f,aLK

jerÈhhs" rch úiska foaYSh jYfhka f.k hk ,o m%pdrh" Tjqka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjq mßÈ

n,mEula we;s lrñka" úfoaY wdfhdaclhkaf.a úYajdih ì`o ,Sug fya;=úh' úYd, jYfhka úfoaY

Okh .,d tkjdhs lshñka n,fha isák wh ks;r lrk ,o wi;H m%ldYo" rfÜ jHdmdr úYajdih

(business confidence) my; fy,Sh' fuu wúYajdih Wmojk m%ldYk úfoaY wdfhdackhg ±ä ydks

meñK ùh' wo rfÜ we;s wd¾Ól ì`o jeàug tu m%ldY úfYAI fya;=jla úh' ;uka úiska u we;s

lr.;a wúYajdih me;sß we;s w¾nqohl" uqo,a wud;HhdxYh yd uy nexl=j ±ka ysrù we;' fï

w¾nqoh we;sjQfha by;lS wdh;k fofla wdOqksl ikaksfõok Wmdh ud¾. lrk fldgf.k nj wo

fndfyda fokdf.a u;hhs' iodpdrd;aul njlaj;a" jD;a;sh njlaj;a fkdue;sj ks¾udKh lrk ,o

fuu fnd<`o m%ldY" fï wdh;k fol ms<sn`o ±ä wúYajdihla o ±ka we;s fldg we;'

Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól o;a; iy ixLHd;aul f;dr;=re jerÈhhs m%ldY l<d uÈjdg" 2014 yd Bg fmr

wjqreÿ i`oyd ck.yk iy ixLHd f,aLK fomd¾;fïka;=j;aa" uy nexl=j;aa tl;= ù ksl=;alr ;snq

ixLHd f,aLK ixfYdaOkh fldg Wm weu;sjrfhla úiska m%ldYhg o m;a lrk ,§' tfia lrñka

2014 i`oyd uyd nexl=j m%ldY lr ;snq 7'4] l wd¾Ól j¾Ok wkqmd;h" Bg udi 2 lg miq 4'9]

olajd fuu kj jd¾:d wkqj my< fy,Su úfoaY wdfhdaclhka uú;hg m;a lrkakg fya;= o úh '

tmuKla fkdj" rcfha j.lSula we;s hhs lshk m%ldYlfhda" rfÜ Kh f;dr;=re jerÈ nj;a"

remsh,a á%,shkhl ̂ ì,shk 1000& muK zzie`.jqKq Kh˜ we;s nj;a" tajd j;auka rchg f.jkakg

isÿjk nj;a" mqk mqkd lshd isáhy' fuu m%ldYk j,ska foaYSh foaYmd,ksl jdiSka .; yelshehs

Tjqka is;=jo" h;d¾:jd§j isÿjQfha Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh flfrys úYd, wúiajdihla yg .ekSuh' ;jo"

2015 fmnrjdßfha NdKavd.dr ne`ÿïlr iïnkaOfhka we;s jQ uyd jxpdj fyj;a ne÷ïlr

uxfld,a,h jika lr .ekSu i|yd" miq.sh rch ld,fha § remsh,a á%,shk 2 lg jvd wêl jxpdj,a

ne÷ïlr ksl=;=fõ§ isÿù we;s njo Tjqka m%ldY flrey' tu m%ldYk Tiafiao" È.= ld,hla ;siafia

uyckhdf.a iy úfoaYslhkaf.a úYajdihg md;%j ;snq uy nexl=fõ iq/l=ïm;a yd ne`ÿïlr u.ska

20

uyck Kh ,nd .kakd l%shdj,sh .eko" ±jeka; wúYajdihla f.dvkef.kakg úh'

Bg wu;rj" ;j;a zj.lsj hq;=Z weu;sjrhl=" ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd we'fvd' ñ,shk 18"000 la jxpdjla

lr we;ehs lshd isáfha h' tu weu;sjrhd ;j ÿrg;a lshd isáfha" kj rch úfoaYSh Wmldrhka

iys;j tu uqo, ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhdf.ka wh lr .kakg ls%hdlrk njh' fun÷ lshuka j,ska

we;a; jYfhkau isÿjqfha fkdis;= m%;sM, (unintended consequences) we;slrñka" rfÜ mßmd,k

iy uq,H l%shd ud¾. .ek úfoaY rgj, iy wdfhdaclhka w;r úYd, wúYajdihla we;sùuh'

tu.ska úfoaY wdfhdackh ±ä f,i wffO¾h u;a flreks' lr ;snq wdfhdack mjd wdmiq /f.k

hdu isÿúh' Y%S ,xld remshf,a w.h neiSug iy f.jqï fYaIfha ys`.hla wysñùug o th ie,lsh hq;=

f,i n,mEula we;s lf<ah'

tmuKla fkdj" rcfha weu;sjre" úáka úg" udOH m%ldY ksl=;a lrñka rgg úfoaY uqo,a úYd,

jYfhka .,d tk nj;a mejiQy' fi!jqÈ wrdìfhka tk wdfhdaclhkaf.kao" zzlsisu m%Yakhla fyda

fkd wikZZ fn,aðhfuka tk wìryia wdfhdacklhl= f.ka we'fvd' ì,shkhla f.k tk nj;a

Tjqyq lSy' fuu fnd<| m%ldYk j,skao isÿjqfha úfoaY wdfhdaclhska Ys% ,xldj úys¨jla f,i

ie,lSuhs'

Bg;a wu;rj Y%S ,xlka .=jka iud.fï Kh f.ùug rch wiu;a njo Tjqka ;j ÿrg;a lshd isáhy'

tu m%ldYh ksid .=jka iud.ug Kh iy w;a;sldrï imhd we;s Kh ysñfhdao ìh ù" ;uka fhdojq

uqo, jvd;a iqrCIs; lr .ekSug W;aiy l, njo jd¾;d jqks' Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajh ms<sn|j lrk

,o fnd<| iy wi;H m%ldYk j, há wruqK ±ka meyeÈ,s fjñka mj;sk njo iuyre fmkajd

fo;s' tkï" Y%S ,xlka .=jka iud.ug mdvq isÿ fldg" b;d wvq uqo,lg rcfha ys;jf;l=g th

úlsKSug rch iQodkï jk nj ±ka ryfia l;d flfrkq we;'

by; lS lreKq rfÜ mßmd,khg iy wd¾Ólhg fl;rï ydks isÿlr weoao h;a" th fjkia lsÍug

b;d È.= ld,hla wjYH jkq fkdwkqudkh' tmuKla fkdj tjeks m%ldYk l<" ±ka by< ;k;=re

j, isák wh fjkqjg fjk;a wh m;aùu;a w;HdjYH nj;a fndfyda fokdf.a u;hhs'

wkd.;fhaÈj;a Y%S ,xld wd¾Ól n<OdÍka lrk m%ldY zyrhla we;s tajdZ (Credible) f,i

wdfhdaclhka ms,s.kq we;af;a túg muKh'

21

viii' Y%s ,xld uy nexl= b;sydifha úYd,;u fydrlu

2015 fmnrjdßfha isÿjQ NdKav.dr ne`ÿïlr jxpdj;a" th flfia fyda jika lsßug miqj lrk

lshk ,o foa j¨;a" wdfhdaclhka w;r ±ä lïmkhla we;s lf<ah' tu l%shdfjka uy nexl=fõ

lS¾;shg w;súYd, ydkshla isÿjqjd muKla fkdj" wd¾Ólfha úYd, miq nEulg o th fya;= úh'

1996 fndïn msmsÍu isÿjQfha uy nexl=jg bÈßmsg h' 2015 ne`ÿïlr msmsÍu isÿjQfha uy nexl=j

we;=,;h' ne÷ïlr msmssßfï úm;a mshú weig fmfkkafka ke;s jqj;a tajd fndaïn msmsÍfuka

isÿjQjdg jvd ydkslr nj fndfyda úYaf,aIlhska mjid we;' wjqreÿ 65 l ld,hla mqrd uy nexl=j

fun`ÿ wj kïnqjlg md;%jqfha ke;s nj;a Tjqka b;d lk.dgqfjka lsh;s'

fuu uxfld,a,h isÿlrk ,oafoa NdKavd.dr ne`ÿïlr ys;du;d jeälrk ,o fmd<shlg ksl=;a

lrñks' tu ne÷ï lr wjqreÿ 30 ne`ÿïlrh' tu ld,hg .Kka neÆ l<" 2015 jif¾§ ksl=;a lrk

,o ish¨u NdKavd.dr ì,am;a iy neÿïlr fjkqfjka fmd,S wkqmd;h jeä ùu fya;=fldgf.k

fuu uxfld,a,h ksid rchg f.ùug isÿjQ jeä fmd<sh" remsh,a ì,shk 145 lg;a jvd by,f.dia

we;s nj úYaf,aIlhska o;a; wdY%s;j fmkajd § we;'

fuu uxfld,a,hg fmr uy nexl=j ne÷ïlr ksl=;=fõ§ wkq.ukh l, cd;Hka;rj ms<s.;a

l%uh" fufiah' NdKavd.dr ì,am;a iy ne`ÿïlr fjkafoais lsÍu yryd fjkafoaisfha b,a¨u u;

uQ,sl fmd,sh iy neÿïlr jákdlu ;Skaÿ flreks' tfia lroa§ by, fmd,shla wdfhdaclhka

b,a,d we;akï uy nexl=j idOdrK hhs yef`.k fmd<sh f;la muKla ,eî we;s ,xiq i|yd

neÿïlr fjkafldg" tfia fjkalr we;s neÿïlr i|yd idudkH fmd,sh ;SrKh lrk ,§' Bg

miqj ;j ÿrg;a ne÷ïlr b;sßj ;snqfKa kï tu ne÷ïlr fj<|fmdf,a ;SrKhjQ fmd,S

wkqmd;hkag" m%d:ñl .ekqï lrejkag .kakg bv ÿks'

fuf,i wjqreÿ 20lg;a jvd jeä ld,hla Tiafia ne÷ïlr iy ì,am;a ksl=;a fldg ;sìh§" uy

nexl=fõ tjlg wêm;s w¾cqk ufykaøka uy;d" uyck jHjidh ms<sn`o md¾,sfïka;= f;aÍï ldrl

iNdj bÈßfha idlaIs foñka mjid isáfha fï jxpdj isÿjQ Èkfha w.ue;sjrhdf.a ksfhda.h mßÈ

NdKavd.dr ì,am;a yd ne`ÿïlr ish,a, fjkafoaisfhka muKla tÈk isg w,úlrk l%uhla

wkq.ukh flreK njh' fuys m%;sM,h jqfha b;d wjdisodhl fmd<shlg jqk;a Kh .ekSug uyd

nexl=jg wjia:dj Wod ùuhs' ;jo fuu uxfld,a,h isÿlsÍug" rdcH nexl=jl iyho ,ndf.k we;s

njg fldama lñgqfõ§ lreKq fy,s jqks' tfia isÿjkakg kï" rcfha by,u ;,fha kdhlhkaf.a

iyh fuu uxfld,a,hg ;=vq § we;ss njgo idOdrK iel my, ùwe;'

22

2016 ud¾;= udifhaÈ o" Y%s ,xld uyd nexl=fõ we;sjQ ;j;a neÿïlr jxpksl ksl=;=jla .ek;a

fpdaokd ke.s we;' ú.Kkldêm;sjrhdo fuu jxpdj isÿjQ njg jd¾;djla ksl=;a fldg we;'

tfy;a fï iïnkaOfhkao ;j ÿrg;a mÍCIK meje;aùug b,a,d isáh;a" rch fyda uy nexl=j tfia

lrkakg wlue;s nj iy;slh' Tjqka tfia lrkafka fydre zwdrCIdZ lsÍug ork W;aidyh ksid

nj hhs wo fndfyd fofkl=f.a u;h o ù we;'

fï ¥Is; l%shdjka ksid NdKavd.dr ì,am;a yd ne`ÿïlr j,g f.jk iuia; Kh fiajd .dia;=j

meyeÈ,s f,i jeäù we;' tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka uyckhdg ;ukaf.a ish¨ .kqfokq j,§ jeä

fmd<shla f.ùugo isÿj we;'

2015 uy nexl= jd¾;djg wkqj" 2014 § rcfha Kh fiajd .dia;=j remsh,a ì,shk 1"076 la úh' 2015 §

tu w.h remsh,a ì,shk 1"318 la njg m;aúh' th 22'4] l ±jeka; jeäùuls' ;jo" 2015 §" fmd,sh

i`oyd rch f.jQ uqo," remsh,a ì,shk 66'4 lska jeä jQ njo" 2015 uyd nexl= jd¾:dj meyeÈ,sj

fmkajd § we;' tjka uqo,la rchg b;sßjqjd kï" ;j;a fld<U lgqkdhl jeks wêfú.s ud¾.hla

;kkakg yelsjkakg ;sìKs'

;jo" uy nexl=fõ ysgmq ksfhdcH wêm;s" wdpd¾h ví,sõ' ta' úchj¾Okg wkqj" fï jxpksl

l%shdjg miqj uy nexl=j mqÿu t,jk f,i ksy`v úh' tu ksyeähdj ksid" uy nexl=fõ lS¾;s

kduh ;j ;j;a mÿ¨ ù we;s njo Tyq lshd isá' foaYsh fj<`o fmd< le,ô,a,g m;aúh'

wka;¾cd;sl fj<`ofmd<j,a NS;shg m;aúh' È.= l,la ;siafia uy nexl=j ;=, ;snq hymd,k

ixl,amh úys¿jla njg m;aúh" tfy;a uy nexl=j;a rch;a ñksiqkaf.a y`vg weyqïlï §ula kï

fmfkkafka ke;' fï ish,af,a j.lSu uy nexl=fõ wêm;s ufyakaøka iy w.ue;s úl%uisxy Ndr

.; hq;= nj Èfkka Èk isú,a ixúOdk iy foaYmd,k mCI lshkakg mgka f.k we;'

ix' uq,H wmrdO mÍCIK fomd¾;fïka;=j yryd rg iy wd¾Ólh wl¾ukH lsÍu

Èk m;d uq,H wmrdO úu¾Ykh lsÍfï fomd¾;fïka;=jg /f.k tk uq,a fm< jHdmdßlhka iy

rdcH ks,OdÍka udOH lrejkaf.a leurd t<sh hg wmydihg ,lalrkq ,eîu yryd wdfhdaclhka

yd rcfha ks,OdÍka ;=< uy;a ìhla fï rch úiska Wmojk ,È'

fldgia fj<`ofmd< iy fjk;a uq,H wxYj, jxpdj,a isÿlr we;ehs fpdaokd lr lrkq ,nk

fjk;a foaYmd,k u; ork jHdmdßlhskag úreoaOj lrk jeg,Sï yrydo by< fmf<a foaYSh

wfhdaclhka" ;u È.=ld,Sk wfhdack iaÓr jYfhka u kj;d oud we;' rch fuu l%shd u.ska

23

wd¾Ól mßydksh ;j ÿrg;a blauka lr f.k we;' fïjd u.ska we;sjk whym;a ye`.Sï yd ìh

jeoa§ï Tiafia wfhdackhkaa iy úYajdih ;j ÿrg;a lvd lmam,a ù we;'

fï w;r;=f¾ j;auka rcfha fkdúiqÿkq úYd, jxpdj,a rdYshla uq,H wmrdO úu¾Ykh lsÍfï

fomd¾;fïka;=jg f.kú;a ke;s nj;a ish¨ fokdu fyd¢ka okakd lreKls' fujka uyd mßudK

ÿIK w;r ;Srenÿ wh fkdlsÍï" NdKavd.dr ne÷ï lr jxpd" jxpkslj wêl fmd<S f.ùï iy by<

ks,OdÍka úiska wêl ñ, f.jd ;uka f.a mqoa.,sl we÷ï me<ÿï mjd rcfha úhofuka ñ,§ .ekSu

wdÈh fõ'

x' úys¨jla jQ 2016 whjeh

2016 ckjdß 02 Èk" *skEiaI,a ghsïia (Financial Times) mqj;amf;ys m,jq wd¾Ól ,smshl fufia

i`oyka úh' zzmeKs ri ldrl ,nd § we;' kuq;a foaYmd,k ye`.Sï weUq,h' onr lr .ekSu iy

wNHka;r .egqï rch ;=< muKla fkdj" leìkÜ uKav,h ;=,;a wo mek ke.S we;' msßisÿ

md,khla fjkqjg ñksiqka yskiaijk ;;a;ajhla wo Wod ù we;'ZZ

2016 whjeh f,aLKh md¾,sfïka;=fõ jeä Pkaohlska iïu; jQ nj i;Hhls ' tfy;a b;d flá

l,lska úYd, m%;s,dN m%udKhla w;am;a lr.kq we;ehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqko" fuu whjeh

fhdackd uy;a lK.dgq odhl f,iska wid¾:l jQ njo i;Hhls' fndfyda fhdackd fl,jr ù

we;af;a l%shd;aul lsÍug fkdyels ixlS¾K tajd f,ih' rcfha wkque;sh ,nd.ekSug neß

újdohg ;=vqfok tajd f,ih' uyck iyfhda.h ,nd .ekSug neß wid¾:l tajd f,ih' ish¨u

fhdackd mdfya ixfYdaOkh flreks' wjidkfha§ lK.dgqodhl úys¿jla njg 2015 whjeh m;aú

we;'

fuf,i bÈßm;a lrk ,o whjeh .ek úYaf,aIlhka olajd we;s u; w;ßka fmkS hkafka fuu

whjeh b;d m%d;ñl" ydiHckl iy m%dfhda.sl fkdjk tlla njh' tf,i Tjqka fmkajd § we;s

lreKq iuyrla jkafka (

w. meyeÈ,sju wdodhu jeä lr .ekSfï wjYH;djh ;sìh§" iuyr wkjYH iud.ï nÿ iy

wdodhï nÿ wvq lsÍu'

wd. nÿ fkdjk wdodhu remsh, ì,shk 375 olajd jeä lsÍug woyia flrefKa meyeÈ,sju

rdcH jHjidhlhka fm!oa.,slrKh fldg" rdcH wdodhu jeä lr .ekSu yryd ùu'

tfy;a mj;sk foaYmdk miqìu u; tjkakla ls%hd;aul lsßu b;d wmyiq ùu'

24

we. iykdOdr lmamdÿ fldg wdodhu ;yjqre lr .ekSug woyia lsÍu" uE;l§ meje;s

ue;sjrK foll§u ,nd ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ j,g iïmQ¾Kfhkau mgyeks ùu' fuf,i yg

.;a w¾nqldÍ ;;ajh Tiafia 2016 wfm%a,a udih jk úg;a" whjefha fndfyda fhdackd

l%shd;aul ù fkd;sîu mqÿuhg lreKla fkdfõ' ta fya;=fjka rdcH wdodhu b;d krl

w;g yeÍ hdu;a mqÿuhg lreKla fkdfõ'

wE' wo uq¨ rfÜu Èkm;d ck;d Woaf>daIK meje;afõ' f.dúfhda fmdfydr iykdOdr

b,a,;s' rdcH jHjidhlhkaf.a jD;a;Sh iñ;s mq;sjHqy.; lsÍug fyda fm!oa.,sllrKhg

úreoaO fj;s' tajd;a iu`.u iNd. rcfha ÿ¾j,lï ksid we;eï fhdackd ioygu

kej;aùug;a" wfklajd 2016 w. fyda 2017 § meje;afjk m<d;a md,k Pkaohg miqj

l%shd;aul lsÍug;a isÿù we;' wúksYaÑ; Ndjh rc lrhs' ta w;r" Y%S ,xld wd¾Ól ix.uh o

whjeh f,aLKh ÿ¾j, tlla fia olajd ;snqKs'

8] iy 11] isg mej;s w.h tl;= l< noao (Value Added Tax) 15] olajd jeä lsÍug;a" wjqreÿ 30 lg

miq m%d.aOk bmhSï noao (Capital Gains Tax) kej; mekùug;a f.k we;s ;SrKh ksid ck;dj ;=,

yg f.k we;af;a uy;a ìhls' ielhls' mSvdjls' lïmdjls' ;jo" w;d¾lsl f,i rcfha úhou jeä

lr .ekSug úi`ÿï f,i wms<sfj,g wkq.ukh lrk ,o nÿ m%;sm;a;s ksid" rchg wd¾Ólh iqÿiq

wdldrhg l<ukdlrKh lsÍug yelshdjla ke;s nj wo meyeÈ,s ù we;' we;eï whjeh fhdackd

lSm jrla ixfYdaOkh lrkag isÿú we;af;a;a ta ksidh' wdfhdaclhka ;=< wúYajdih ±ä f,i jeä

ù we;s nj lsh hq;= ke;' wdpd¾h ksu,a i`or;ak lshd we;s wdldrhg" b;sydifha lsisu úgl

whjehla fu;rï ixfYdaOk j,g ,la fkdù we;' ta yryd" rfÜ uq¨ wd¾Ól md,khu ±ä

wmyiq;djhlg iy wm%idohlg m;aù we;s nj wo meyeÈ,sh'

xi' Èfkka Èk j¾Okh jk foaYmd,k wjq,

ckdêm;sjrKfhka yd uy ue;sjrKfhka miq rfÜ foaYmd,k ;;a;ajh b;d wmeyeÈ,s tlla njg

m;ajq nj fkdryils' 2016 § m<d;a md,k Pkaohlg rg iqodkï fjk fuu jljdkqfõ"

h;d¾:jd§j ú.%y lrk úg wm rfÜ m%Odk foaYmd,k lKavdhï 2la fyda l|jqre 2 la ;sfnk nj

meyeÈ,sh' tajd kï(

md,k lKavdhu (

w ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, isrsfiak fufyhjk Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIh" w.ue;s rks,a

úl%uisxy fufyhjk tlai;a cd;sl mCIh tluq;=j j;auka zzrchZZ jYfhka l%shd lrk

25

lKavdhu iy úmCI kdhl f,i ks, jYfhka yeÈkajQj;a" rchg iyh fok wd¾'

iïnkaoka fufyhjk TNA mCI lKavdhu

úmCI lKavdhu (

w ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmCI fufyjk Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIfhka fldgila iy tlai;a

ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkfha fndfyda fldgia j, tluq;=j" zztaldnoaO úmlaIhZZ jYfhka

ls%hd lrk lKavdhu'

md,k lKavdhu w;r hï wiu.slï iy u; .egqï we;s nj wo ryila fkdfõ' fuu mCIhka

md,kh lsÍug tl;= jqk;a foaYmd,ksl .egqï Tjqka w;r wNHhka;rfha mj;sk njo i;Hhlss' Y%S

,xldfõ w;S;fha iNd. rchka id¾:l fkdjqk nj o i;Hhls' ;;ajh fufia ;sìh§ fuh wd¾Ól

md¾Yjlrejkaf.a ukfia n,mj;ajk jeo.;a >DKd;aul ldrKhls'

ta w;ru" rch ie§ we;s ms<sfj, wkqj m%;sm;a;sj, wia:djr Ndjhla ;sfnk njo meyeÈ,sh' 2016

whjeh fjkia lsÍug isÿjqfha rch ie§ we;s úúO lKavdhï j, jqjukdjqka ksidh' ñka

meyeÈ,sjkafka zzrchZZ hkq n,fha isàug muKla tlajQ msßila njh' wd¾Ól úfYaI{ iqNdIks

wfíisxy" fâ,s ñr¾ m;%fha 2015 foieïn¾ 28 Èk by; lreK ukd f,i ú.%y lrkafka fufiah'

zzuyckhd yqol,dù we;' ;SrK .kafka" tlai;a cd;sl mCIh o" Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIh o hkak

fkdmeyeÈ,sh' iuyr ÿ¾j, weu;sjreka m;alr we;s ksid fuu tlai;a rcfha úYajdiho m¨ÿ ù

we;' whjeh f,aLKh wid¾:lh' foaYmd,k fukau wd¾Ól jYfhka o úYajdi ì| jeà we;'ZZ

tmuKla fkdj" wdpd¾h ví,sõ' ta' úfÊj¾Ok m%ldYlr ;snqfKao rfÜ wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh

uyckhdg ixkaksfõokh lrk wdldrh jydu fjkia fkdlf,d;a foaYmd,k le,eô,a,la

we;sù" tu`.ska wd¾Ólh ms<sn`o úYajdi ;j ÿrg;a ì`o jefgkq we;s njh' bÈßfha § meje;a ùug

kshñ; m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfha § ckdêm;sj;a w.ue;sj;a mrdoùug leu;s fkdjk nj

fkdryils' tuksid foaYmd,k jdis ;ld Tjqka rfÜ wd¾Ól m%.;sh ;jÿrg;aa fkdi,ld yßkakg

bv we;s njo" úfÊj¾Ok wjOdrKh fldg we;'

j;auka iNd. rch úiska fï;dla l,a f.jd we;s wd¾Óluh ;SrK rdYshla Nhdkl wd¾Ól m%;sM,

rgg ysñ lrùug ;=vq § we;s nj lK.dgqfjka jqjo lsj hq;=h' tajd ,xldjdis ish¨ fokdg;a" foaYSh

yd úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhkag;a wys;lr f,i n,md we;' tfyhska rch lr we;s fhdackd rdYshla

foi w¨f;ka ne,Sula isÿ l, hq;=j we;' rg ±kg uqK md isák wdfhdack úYajdih ì`o jeàu

h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alr .; yels jkafka tfia lsÍfuka muKla nj lsj hq;=h'

26

xii' f.da,Sh wd¾Ól miqnEu

f,dalfha ±kg mj;sk f.da,Sh wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh o Ys% ,xldjg msysgla ,nd § ke;' 2015

foieïnrfha weußldfõ f*vr,a nexl=fõ fmd<S wkqmd;h jeälsÍfuka u;=jQ wd¾Ól m%YaK j,g

uqyqK §ug ;snQ Yla;sh rch iy uy nexlqj úiska ke;slr .;a ksid tu ;;a;ajhg uqyqK §ug wm

rgg ÿIalr ld¾hhla jqks' tfukau" 2016 § kej;;a fmd<S wkqmd;h f*vr,a nexl=fjka jeä lsÍug

wfmaCIs; ksid" ta wkqj Y%S ,xld remsh,g ;jÿrg;a n,mEï lrñka úfoaY m%d.aOkh ;jÿrg;a

msg;g .,dhkq ksh;h' ta ksid" tu ;;a;ajhg uqyqK §u msKsi NdKavd.dr fmd<S wkqmd; ;j

ÿrg;a jeälsÍug isÿjkq we;'

;jo" 2015 ckjdßfhka miq Y%S ,xldj wkq.ukh lr we;s ngysr flakaøSh úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh ksid

j¾;udk rch ngysr;a iu`. iïnkaO;d jeäÈhqKq lrf.k we;' ta yryd" 2016 § fyda 2017 § GSP

+ kej; ,efnkq we;ehs wfmaCId flf¾' tfia jqjfyd;a" ngysr rgj,g ,xld wmkhk jeäjkq

we;ehs ixl,amhla ;snqKo" ta rgj,ska l=uk foaYmd,k fldkafoais mkjkq weoa±hs hï ielhla

u;=fjñka mj;S' fï w;r" wjdikdjlg fuka f,dal fj<`ofmdf<a f;,añ, wvqùu" rfÜ ndysr

f.jqï fYaI ys`.h mshjd .ekSug jdisodhl f,i rch fhdod fkd.ekSu ÿlg lreKls' ;jo

ueofmrÈ. f;,a wmkhkh lrk rgj,g" f;,a ñ, my< neiSu wd¾Ól jYfhka úYd, f,i

n,mEï fldg we;' tu rgj, fiajh lrñka Y%S ,xldjg úfoaY uqo,a tjk fiajlhkag tu n,mEï

ksid tjkakg yelsfjk uqo,a m%udKh o" /lshdj, o" wvqùula wfmaCId l, yel'

iuyrúg fuu lreKq i,ld n,d hymd,k rch yd b;d lsÜgq iïnkaOhla we;s ÈfkaIa

ùrlafldaä" 2016 uehs 10 od fâ,s ñr¾ m;%hg ,smshla bÈßm;a lrñka" f,dal wd¾Ólh È. ld,Sk

w¾nqohlg ,laùug bv we;s nj;a tys m%;sm, Y%S ,xldjg b;d wys;lr jkq we;s nj;a m%ldY fldg

we;'

ta w;ru f.da,Sh f;a iy rn¾ ñ, my; neiSu ksid" Y%S ,xld j;= wxYhg;a j¾;udkfha ±ä

ÿIalr;dj,g uqyqK fokakg;a isÿ ù we;' tx.,ka;fha hqfrdamd ix.ufhka bj;aùug .;a

mshjfrka miqj f.da,Sh wd¾Ólh ;j ÿrg;a ì`ojeàu wfmaCId flfrk fuu jljdkqfõ§" tu

;;a;ajho Ys% ,xldjg ord.; fkdyels m%Yak t,a, lrkq fkdwkqudkh'

k

27

27

250

200

150

100

50

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úúO rgj, Kh $o'foa'ks' wkqmd;h 2014

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m%ia:drh # rdcH Kh o< foaYsh ksIamdokfha m%;sY;hla f,i

uQ,dY%h ( www.traidingeconomics.com

^3& rg ysrù we;af;a ienE Kh W.=,lo@

ke;akï mßmd,k woCIlulg o @

miq.sh jirl muK ld,hla ;=,§ j;auka rcfha ÿ¾j, wd¾Ól l<ukdlrKh jid .ekSug" Tjqka

f.fkk ,o tl uq,sl ;¾lhla ù we;af;aa Tjqkag WreujQfha Kfhka nrjQ rgla nj;a ta ksid Tjqka

±ä wd¾Ól mSvkhlg hg;a ù we;s nj;ah '

kùk f,dalfha Kh fkd.kakd lsisu rglaj;a" jHdmdrhla fyda wdh;khlaj;a" fkdue;af;ah'

fï wkqj n,k l," jvd;a jeo.;ajkafka ,ndf.k we;s Kh m%udKh fkdj" wod, rfgys fyda

wdh;kfha we;slrf.k we;s wdodhï ÈhqKqj iy Kh f.ùug we;s yelshdjh' rgla iïnkaOfhka

kï ta yelshdj uQ,slju ukskq ,nkafkaa o, foaYSh ksIamdÈ;hg idfmaCIj Kh m%udKh fkdfyd;a

Kh$o'foa'ks' wkqmd;h ̂]& wkqjhs'

ta iïnkaOfhka ú.%y lrk úg fmkS hkafka fndfyda ixj¾ê; rgj, Kh$o'foa'ks' wkqmd;h

100] blaujd we;s njhs' my; j.=j $m%ia:drh n,kak'

rgj,a Kh .ekSug fya;= rdYshla ;sìh yelsh' miq.sh oYlfha Y%S ,xldj Kh ,nd .;a m%udKfhka

jeä fldgi jeh jqfka hqoaOh i`oydh' kuq;a hqoaOh id¾:lj ksul, miq rcfha jeä wjOdkh

há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okh" mqkre;a;dmkh iy h<s f.dvke.Su flfrys fhduqúh' fï iqúi,a

ixj¾Ok lghq;=j, fhoùug rchg uqo,a wjYHúh' Kh fkdf.k fï lsisjla l, fkdyels nj

´kEu flfkl=g f;areï .; yel' tfy;a" fuys§ ie,lsh hq;= uQ,sl lreKq jkafka tfia .kakd

,o Kh m%udKh wmf.a wd¾Ólhg ord.;yels m%udKhlao iy thska rgg ixj¾Okhla isÿjQjdo

hkakhs' tfyhska" fï ms<sn|j fuys§ i,ld ne,Su fhda.H fõ'

28

2009 § hqoaOh wjika jQ miq rch f.úh hq;= Kh m%udKh jQfha re' ì,shk 4"161 ls' 2014 wjika

jkúg rch f.lsh hq;= Kh m%udKh jqfha re' ìs,shk 7"391 ls' ta wkqj" 2009-2014 wjqreÿ 6 l

ld,fha rdcH Kh re' ì,shk 3"230 lska jeä ù we;' tfy;a fï ld,h we;=,; iqúi,a ixj¾Ok

jev igykla l%shd;aul jQ nj b;d meyeÈ,sj olakg ,eìK' w¨;a .=jkaf;dgqfmd<" jrdhka" úÿ,s

n<d.dr" c,iïmdok jHdmD;s" mdrj,a" wêfõ.S ud¾." frdaay,a" mdie,a iy rcfha f.dvke.s,s ta

w;r úh' rfÜ isÿjQ ±jeka; uyd ud¾. ixj¾Ok jev igyka j,g muKla re' ì,shk 750 la jeh

fldg ;sìKs' fï wfhdack rfÜ fYaI m;%fha iy uyckhdf.a weia bÈßfha meyeÈ,s j;alï f,iska

Èiajqks'

óg mgyeks f,iska j;au;a rch Kh .ekSu iïnkaOfhka fuf;la mej;s yeu rchlu Kh

.ekSfï jd¾;d ì`o fy<d we;' 2015 ckjdßfha isg" fï rch" yels iEu foaYsh iy úfoaYsh Kh

fokakkaf.kau Kh ,ndf.k we;' uy nexl=fjka m,lr we;s jd¾;d wkqj" 2015 uq,§ ;snQ rch

f.úh hq;= Kh m%udKh jk re' ì,skh 7391" jir w. jk úg re' ì,shk 8"503 olajd by, f.dia

;snqKs'

fï wkqj" 2015 j¾Ifha § j;auka rch hgf;a jeäjq Kh" fuf;la rfÜ b;sydih mqrdjgu jirla

;=, jeäjq jeäu Kh m%udKh jkafkah' th re' ì,shk 1"112 la jkafkah' tu Kh m%udkh miq.sh

rch hqoaOfhka miq 2009 isg 2014 olajd wjqreÿ 6g ,nd.;a Kh m%udKfhka ;=fkka mx.=jla

jkafkah' tfy;a wo rfÜ ish¨ fokd okakd mßÈ fumuK úYd, Kh m%udKhla fuu rch f.k

;snqko" uyck;djg lsisÿ m%Odk fmf,a há;, myiqlï fyda rdcH fiajd tl;=ùula olakg

fkd;sìKs' uyd mßudKfha ixj¾Ok lghq;= muKla fkdj" mshú weig fmfkk .%dóh uÜgfï

fyda ixj¾Okhla jqjo olakg fkd;sìKs'

my; olajd we;s j.=jka fmkS hkafka 2010- isg 2014 wjqreÿ 5 ;=< Kh$o'foa'ks' wkqmd;fha

idudkHh 70'6] jQ nj;a" th whym;a w;g fjkia jQfha 2015 § nj;ah'

2010 71'6

2011 71'1

2012 68'7

2013 70'8

2014 70'7

2015 76'0

j.=j # Kh o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fha m%;sY;hla f,i

uq,dY%h ( Moody's Investors Service, Central Bank

j¾Ih %

29

ta wkqj" 2015 § fï wkqmd;h iEfyk ÿrg msßyS miq.sh wjqreÿ 5 l ld,hg idfmaCIj by<u

wkqmd;h njg m;aú we;'

tl jirl§ fuu wkqmd;h 7'5] lska jeäùfuka fmkakqï lrkafka" j¾:udk rchg lsisÿ uq,H

úkhla ke;s nj;a" Tjqkaf.a wd¾Ól wjl<ukdlrKh ksid fuu ;;ajh Wod jQ nj;ah'

2016 uehs 9 fâ,s ñr¾ m;%fha i`oyka jQ mßÈ" wka;¾ cd;sl fYa%Ks.; lsrSï wdh;khla jk uQäia

(Moody’s) fufia m%ldY lr we;' zzóg wjqreÿ 10 lg fmr 100] lg jvd by<ska ;snq Y%S ,xldfõ

o'foa'ks'g idfmaCI Kh m%;sY;h l%ufhka wvqfjñka" 2014 § 71] la ;rï my< uÜgulg jegqko"

Bg wjqreoaolg miq tu m%;sY;h 76] la olajd h<s by< f.dia we;'ZZ uQãia wdh;kh ;jÿrg;a

m%ldY lrkafka 76] la jk rcfha Kh$o'foa'ks' m%;sY;h Y%S ,xldfõ fY%AKsfha we;s fjk;a rgj,a

yd ii`ok úg jeä njh' Tjqkaf.a wkdjelsh jkafka 2016 w. jk úg th 80] lg wdikak úh yels

njhs'

uQäia wdh;kh ;jÿrg;a m%ldY lrñka" zzwka;¾cd;sl uQ,H wruqo, rfÜ ndysr f.ùï i|yd yÈis

uqo,a wjYH;d iemsÍu i`oyd wruqo,a iemhSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqj;a" Y%S ,xldfõ uq,H ;;ajh

l<uKdlrkh lr .ekSug we;s wNsfhda. ksid Kh nr ;jÿrg;a jeäù" bÈß wjqreÿ fofla§ Ys%

,xldfõ Kh$o'foa'ks' wkqmd;h ;j ;j;a by< hkq we;ZZ hhso lshd isáhy' ;jo" Tjqka rchg

uq,H m%;sixialrKh lsÍug we;s yelshdj .ek iel my< lr;s' tmuKla fkdj" wd¾Ólh hym;a

w;g yerùu i|yd .;hq;= we;eï l%shdud¾. .ekSug rchg Yla;shla ke;s njo uQäia wdh;kh

wjOdrKh fldg we;'

30

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyka

kj rch n,hg tk úg mej;s wvq WoaOukhwd¾Ól j¾Okh ;jÿrg;a mj;ajdf.k hdug Woõ úh' kuq;a 2010-2014 ld,fha idudkH j¾Ok fõ.h 6'8] muK jQ miqìul 2015 § jd¾:d jQ 4'8] j¾Ok fõ.h" tu idudkHw.hg jvd 30] muK my; jeàuls'

2015 § ta'mq'wd' jeäùu" miq.sh wjqreÿ 10 ;=, isÿjQ fojeks wvqu jeäùuhs' 2015 i`oyd m%fCIams; o'foa'ks' ixfYdaê; moku hgf;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= ú isáfha we'fvd' 4"400 ls' fï wkqj 2015 jd¾;d fjk w'fvd' 3"924 wi;=gqodhlh'

ienE wd¾Ól j¾Okh

4'9] 4'8]

re' ì,shk 8"229

re' ì,shk 8"623

we'fvd' ì,shk 80'0

we'fvd'ì,shk 82'3

we'fvd' 3"853

we'fvd' 3"924

ienE o< foaYShksIamdokh

o'foa'ks' mj;sk fj<`o fmd< ñ, wkqj

tal mqoa.,wdodhu

we'fvd'ñ,shk 1"635

we'fvd'ñ,shk 1"161

úfoaYSh iDcq wdfhdackh wvq ùug m%Odk fya;=ka jYfhka fmkajd § we;af;a há;, myiqlï jHdmD;s j,g 33'6]" fiajd wxY j,g 49'6] yd ksIamdok wxYhg 23'0] jYfhka wdfhdack wvqúuh' uy nexl= jd¾;djg wkqj" tfia isÿùug ;=vq ÿka idOl kï (a. cd;sl uÜgfï Pkao 2 ksid wdfhdaclhka zzfudlo fjkafka lsh, n,d isáuqZZ wdl,amhla we;s lr .ekSub. weußldfõ f*vr,a fmd,S wkqmd;h jeäùu ms<sn|j ;snQ wúksYaÑ;Ndjhc. fld<U jrdh mqrjrh bÈlsÍu rch úiska k;r lsßu2014 § flreKq m%fCIamK wkqj ú'iD'wd' 2015§ we'fvd' ñ,shk 3"000 muK fõ hehs wfmaCIdlr ;snqKs' fï wkqj" jd¾:d jq we'fvd'ñ 1"161 b;d wvq iy wi;=gqodhl w.hls'

úfoaYSh iDcqwdfhdack ^FDI)

cd;sl ksIamdokh" úhou iy wdodhu

^4& uy nexl=fõ weiska fidaod md¨j

fuu .%ka;fhka flfrk ú.%yh" ;j ÿrg;a jD;a;Suh w;ska j¾Okh lsÍu i|ydo" th ;j;a

úIhuQ,sl lrkq i|ydo" jD;a;Sh m¾fhaIl lKavdhula my; ±lafjk úYaf,aIKh fldg we;'

2015 § Y%S ,xld uy nexl= jd¾Isl jd¾;dfõ wvx.= f;dr;=re" j.= m%ia;dr iy wkqmd; ta i`oyd Ndú;

fldg we;'

ta wkqj" igyka ;Srefõ Y%S ,xld uy nexl= jd¾Isl jd¾;dfõ olajd we;s uq,sl f;dr;=re iy ixLHd

ms<sn`oj flá úia;rhla we;=,;a fjhs'

fï ú.%yh Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólfha iajNdjh iy th uqyqKmdk .eg¿ f;areï .ekSug rel=,la jkq we;'

rch iy tys fjk;a foaYmd,k ys;j;a;= udOH u.ska lshk mokï úrys; l;d ;lafiare lsÍug;a

th rel=,la jkq we;'

miq.sh rchg úreoaOj jerÈ f;dr;=re iy iq¿ foa úYd, fldg fmkajk ixksfõok jHdmdr u.ska

31

re' ì,shk 442

6'9]

67'5]

we'ì,shk 553

7'7]

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wdfhdackh 25] lska jeäjQ nj ±lafõ' kuq;a

mshú weig fmakakg ixj¾Okhla ke;'

miq.sh ld,fha kï ixj¾Okh meyeÈ,sj

fmfkkakg ;sìK'

j¾Okh m%udKj;a uÜgulska mj;ajk f.k

f.dia we;'

fï wvq j¾Okhg fya;=j úh yelafla tal

mqoa., o'foa'ks'fha ukao.dó jeäùu iy ;reK-

hka w;r ú/lshdj jeäùuhs'

,xld Lksc f;,a ixia:dfõ uqo,a ;;ajh

whym;a ù we;" f;,a ner,hl idudkH ñ,

2014 § we'fvd' 99'6 isg 2015 § we'fvd'

53'75 olajd 46'1] la wvq jjo f;,a j, úl=Kqï

ñ, wkjYH f,i my; ±óu ksid f;,a

ixia:djg uqo,a Wmhd .ekSug ;snq wjia:dj

ke;súh' f;,a ñ< wvq l,o rch nÿ wvq lr

ke;' tneúka ixia:dfõ fYaI m;%h ÿ¾j, úh'

f;,a ixia:dfõ re' ì,shk 18'4 l mdvqj

Y%S ,xld ÿïßh fiajh ^re' ì,shk 7'7& yd

Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajh ^re' ì,shk 10'6& hk

foflau mdvqj tl;= l<dg;a jeäh'

,xld remshf,a w.h msßySu;a ydkslr f,i n,

mdñka f;,a ixia:dfõ nexl= Kh re' ì,shk

18 olajd jeä ú we;'

ÿr o¾YS m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh fkdlsÍu" iy

f;,a úl=Kqï ñ, foaYmd,k jdis ;ld

wvq lsÍu;a ksid" ixia:dfõ j.lSï re' ì,shk

200 ka muK 2015 § wvq lr .ekSug ;snq

wjia:dj .s,sys hk ,§'

há;, myiqlïi`oyd rcfhawdfhdackh

fg,sf*daka,nd.ekSfïj¾Okh

wka;¾cd,,nd.ekSfïj¾Okh

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyka

,dNh re'ì,shk 1'5

re' ì,shk246

mdvqj re'ì,shk 18'4

re' ì,shk264

,xld Lkscf;,a ixia:dfõ,dNh$mdvqj

f;,a ixia:djnexl= j,g we;sKh

wd¾Ól iy iudÔh há;, myiqlï

32

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120'9

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ñ, wvqùu;a ,xld úÿ,s n< uKav,hg jdis

odhl úh' wvq bkaOk ñ, ,xúu Yla;su;a l<d

muKla fkdj" ´kEu wkd.; wNsfhda.hlg

uqK §fï Yla;sh o ,nd ÿkafkah'

ud¾. i`oyd úhou úYd, jYfhka jeä úh'

flfia fj;;a" w¨f;ka yefok fohla fmfkka

kg ke;s ksid fï wxYfha jxpdiy.; foa

isÿjqkd±hs ielhl ±ka u;= fjñka mj;s'

2015 jeäùu 55'7] ls' 2014 È th 31'5] la úh'

jdyk úYd, m%udKhla f.kaùu fj<`o

fYaIfha wjdisodhl ;;ajhg;a" ud¾. ;onoh

jeäùug;a fya;= úh'

mdvqj wvqùug m%Odk fya;=j wvqjq bkaOk ñ,h'

Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajfha mdvqj wvqùug;a" ñyska

,xld .=jka fiajfha ,dNh jeäùug;a 2015 §

fya;= jQfha" wvq jq bkaOk ñ,h'

2014 w.§ Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajfha nexl= Kh

re' ì,shk 9 ls' 2015 § th ì,shk 33 la f,i

jeä úh' uy nexl= jd¾:d wkqj" rch i;=

ish¨ jHdmdr jHjidhkaf.a úfoaY Kh 2014 §

we'fvd' ì,shk 2'5 la o" 2015 È ì,shk 2'7 la o

úh' fï wkqj" .=jka fiajd wdh;k fofla Kh

;;ajh rch m%ldY lrk ixLHdj,g

yd;amiskau fjkia nj meyeÈ,sh'

Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha uq¿ wdodhu 8'8]

lska 2015 § by, .sh o tys fufyjqï úhou

15'3] lska jeäùu ksid ,dNh wvq úh'

c, uKav,fha uq¿ wdodhu 5'4] jeäjqj o"

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33

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lfï Woaoukh 2015 § o /lf.k we;' 2015

f;,a ñf,ys wvqùuo fuhg msgqjy,la úh'

kuq;a wkd.;fha § Woaoukh jeäùfï

wjodku o ie,lshhq;= f,i jeä ù we;'

uE;ljQ jeäu mä jeäùu 2015 wjqreoafoa isÿúh'

fï ksid rchg orkakg isÿjq wu;r úhou

re' ì' 160 blauùh' Woaoukh 1] lg wvq jQ

úgl§ yqfola foaYmd,k fmdfrdkaÿ u; fun`ÿ

jeälsÍï w¾: úrys; njla fmkakqï lrhs'

fï jeäùu Woaouk wkqmd;h yd iu.dó

nj fmfka'

fï jeäùu 2014 jeäùu

yd ii`ok úg .e,fmk nj fmfka'

2015 § ú/lshdj 10] lska muK jeäù we;'

Wiia fm< yd Bg jeä iqÿiqlï ,enqjkaf.a

ú/lshdj 9'2] olajd jeä úh'

l%uj;aj ú/lshdj wvqlrñka wd Y=Nodhl

l%uh ;=, 2010- isg 2014 ld,fha idudkH

ú/lshdj 4'3] la úh' tfy;a" 2015 § jd¾:d

jq ú/lshd m%;sY;h jQ 4'6]" miq.sh

wjqreÿ 5 ;=, jeäu ixLHdjh'

2015 jev j¾ck jeäúh'

wysñ jQ jev lrk ñksia Èk" 2006 g miq

jeäu ixLHdjh' jev lrk ck;dj ;=,

wiykh is.%fhka j¾Okh jk nj ñka fmfka'

2016 § mKjk ,o w¨;a nÿ iu`. nvq ñ, by<

hEu ksid fuu ;;a;ajh ;j ÿrg;a W.%

úh yel'

12] l wvqùula olakg ,efí' ueofmrÈ.

rgj, wd¾Ól miqnEu óg fya;=úh' bÈß

wjqreÿ j, ;;a;ajh ;j;a whym;a w;g

yefrkq we;'

fld<U

mdßfNda.sl

ñ, o¾Ylh

wkqj Woaoukfha

idudkHh

rdcH wxYfha

mä jeäùu

fm!oa.,sl

wxYfha úêu;a

mä jeä lsÍu

fm!oa.,sl

wxYfha wúêu;a

mä jeä lsÍu

ú/lshd

wkqmd;h

fm!oa.,sl

wxYfha jev

j¾ck

wysñjQ ñksia

Èk

úfoaY /lshd

i`oyd msg;aj

hdu

ñ, .Kka" jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhS;djh

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyka

34

w;sßla;h

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

1"369

we'fvd'

ì,shk

8"287

we'fvd'

ì,shk 11"130

we'fvd'

ì,shk

19"417

we'fvd'

ñ,shk 7"018

1'527"000

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

2"431

ys`.h

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

1"489

we'fvd'

ì,shk

8"430

we'fvd'

ì,shk 10"505

we'fvd'

ì,shk

18"935

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

6"980

1"798"000

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

2"981

2015 § ysÕh Y%S ,xld b;sydifha f,dl=u ys`.hh' fuys lK.dgqodhl ;;a;ajh jkafka 2014 § úYd, w;sßla-;hlg miq th ùu;a" rfÜ f;,a ñ, we'fvd' ì,shk 1"900 l wvqùula fmkajk ld,hl th isÿ ùu;a h'

ys`.h jeäùug m%Odk fya;=j wmkhk wvqùuh'tfuka fudag¾ r: úYd, m%udKhla wdkhkhlsÍuh' ta nÿ wvq lsÍu ksidh'

yeu wmkhk øjHhlu mdfya wvqùula ù" tu wvqùu 5'6] la úh'

2015 § 2'5] wvqùula olajhs' f;,añ, wvqùu" thg m%Odk fya;=jhs' kuq;a" fuhska ksis m< ,eîug rchg fkdyels úh' fjk;a m%;sm;a;s ksid jdyk f.kaùu jeä flßKs'

msgráka uqo,a fm%aIK 2014 § 9'5] lskaa jeäúh' tfy;a 2015 § th 0'5] lska wvqúh' ueofmrÈ. rgj, wd¾Ól miqnEu ,xldfõndysr wxYhg;a" wd¾Ólhg;a bÈßfha§;a n,mEï we;s l< yelsh'

2015 § ixpdrl l¾udka;fhka flfrk bmhSï22'6 lska j¾Okh úh' ixpdrlhka meñfKk ixLHdj jeäùu" Èklg úhoï lrk idudkH uqo, jeäùu yd jeä Èk .Kkla kej;S isáu Bg fya;=úh'

2011 § fuka fo.=Khl ixpdrlhka 2015 § rgg meñK we;s w;r ixLHdj 855"975 isg 1"798"380 olajd jeäúh' tu ld,h ;=< iDcq /lshd 57"786 isg 135"930 olajd jeäúh' jl% /lshd 80"988 isg 183"508 olajd jeä úh'

2010 ka miq" f,dal ;;a;ajh flfia fj;;a Y%S,xldj wvqfjk fmd<s wkqmd;j,g wruqo,,nd.ekSug iu;a úh' tfy;a 2015 rfÜ msßfyk wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh ksid by< fmd<S wkqmd; hgf;a Kh .ekSug isÿúh'

2015 § Y%s ,xldfjka úfoaY wruqo,a ±jeka;f,i msg;g .,dhdula isÿfjñka mj;S'

2015 § 38] wvqùula yryd Y%S ,xldfjka ±jeka;f,i úfoaY wdfhdack msgùu fmkakqï flf¾'

f.jqï fYaIh

wdkhk

wmkhk fYaIh

wmkhk j,ska

bmhSu

wdkhk j,ska

úhou

fiajlhka

msgrg isg

uqo,a fm%aIK

ixpdrlhka

meñKsu

ixpdrl

l¾udka;fhka

bmhSï

ndysr wxYh

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyka

i. we'fvd' ñ,shk

1000 @ 6'0]

ii.we'fvd' ñ,shk

500 @ 5'12]

wka;¾cd;sl

ne`ÿïlr

ksl=;alsÍï

ne`ÿïlru.ska" úfoaY wdfhdack .e,Su

msg; .,dhduwe'fvd'

ñ,shk 38

msg; .,dhduwe'fvd'

ñ,shk 903

we'fvd'ñ,shk 2"996

we'fvd'ñ,shk 1"844

ne`ÿïlr u.skaúfoaY wdfhdadckfYaIh

i. we'fvd' ñ,shk

1500 @ 6'85]

ii.we'fvd' ñ,shk

650 @ 6'12]

35

we'fvd'

ñ,shk 1"439

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

1"869

we'fvd'

ñ,shk 8"208

we'fvd'

ì,shk 9'9

Y=oaO Wlyd

.ekSu

we'fvd'

ñ,shk 545

0'2]

130'56

131'05

wdkhk

udi .Kk 5'1

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

1'536

we'fvd'

ñ,shk 7"304

we'fvd'

ì,shk 9'3

Y=oaO iemhSu

we'fvd'

ñ,shk

3"250

9'0]

135'94

144'06

wdkhk

udi .Kk 4'6

we'fvd' ñ,shk 1268 fïjdhska"-Ökfhka 488-ADB 288-bkaÈhdj 73

2015 § mjd rcfha jHdmD;s úhou i|yd 38] la imhd we;af;a Ökhhs' bkaÈhdj ,nd § we;af;a 6] muKs'

2015 § 18% l wvqùulska olajkafka Y%S ,xld fldgia fj<`o fmd<ska úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhka bj;ajk njh'

2015 w. jk úg" o, ks, ixÑ; 2012 uÜgugu my, jeà we;' 2016 ud¾;= 31 Èkg fuu ixÑ; m%udKh ;j ÿrg;a wvq fjñkawe'fvd' ì,shk 6'2 lg nei we;'

2015 § 6] l wvqùula' olakg we;' ;e;am;= ndr .kakd wdh;k u.ska úfoaY j;alï jeälsÍfuka óg;a jvd úYd, wvqùula j<lajd f.k we;'

2015 § Y=oaO iemhSu" uy nexl= b;sydifha úYd,;u úfoaY uqo,a ueÈy;aùuh' tfia l,o" remshf,a w.h 9] lska neiSu" ±ä lkiai,a,g fya;=jls'

2006 isg 2014 remshf,a w.h wj m%udKh jQfha remsh,a 30'06 lsks' tkï wjqreoaolg 2'9] ls' tfy;a 2015 § muKla 9'0] l my; jeàula jd¾;djqks'

remshf,a w.h msÍysu 9] ls' jirla ;=, fuh isÿùu b;d ìhlreh'

rcfha jHdmD;s

i|yd Kh

^we;=,g .e,Su&

fldgia fj<`o

fmdf<a úfoaY

uqo,a

o< ks,

ixÑ;

(Gross Official

Reserves)

uq¿ úfoaY

j;alï

úfoaY uqo,a

fj<`ofmdf<a

uy nexl=

ueÈy;a ùu

weußlka

fvd,-rhg

idfmaCIj

remsh, my;

jeàu

we' fvd'idfmaCIjremshf,a w.hidudkH

jir w.

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyka

36

re' ì,shk

591

5'7]

70'7]

re' ì,shk

7"391

re' ì,shk3"113

29'8]

re' ì,shk

1"076

re' ì,shk

829

7'4]

76'0]

re' ì,shk

8"503

re' ì,shk3"544

31'7]

re' ì,shk

1"318

re' ì,shk4"959

re' ì,shk4"278

2015 § úYd, whjeh mr;rh we;s ùug fya;=j f,i olajd we;af;a rcfha wvq wdodhu iy wêl m%krdj¾;k úhoïh' mä jeä lsÍu iy fmd<S wkqmd;fha jeäùu ksid isÿjQ wêl fmd<S f.ùï ksid we;s jQ fï ;;a;ajh rchg md,kh lr .ekSug fkdyels úh' ñka lshefjkafka ms<s.; fkdyels uÜgfï uq,H wjl<uKdlrkhla isÿj we;s njh' ish¿ wd¾Ól md¾Yj fuu ;;a;ajh kqreiaikq we;'

2015 § ÿ¾j, Kh md,khla iy wvq o'foa'ks' fmkakqï flreKs' 2015 § fï wkqmd;h iEfyk uÜgulg jeä ù" wjqreÿ 5 lska jd¾;d jQ jeäu wkqmd;h njg m;a jqks'2010 - 71'6 ]2011 - 71'1 ]2012 - 68'7 ]2013 - 70'8 ]2014 - 70'7 ] 2015 fmr jirj, idudkHh ( 70'6] ls2015 § isÿjQ ±jeka; jeäùu i`oyd olajd we;s fya;= jkafka wvq wdodhu iy remshf,a w.h wvqùuh' 2015 jir ;=, f.úh hq;= Kh m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 1"112 lska jeäùu b;sydifha jeäu Kh jeäùu fõ' fuh whym;a wd¾Ól l<ukdlrKh fmkajk ;j jeo.;a idOlhls'

2015 § jeä jQ re' ì,shk 681" tla wjqreoaola ;=< jeä jq jeäu Kh m%udKh fõ'

2015 §" Kh f.ùï i|yd 22'4] la jeäùfuka fmkakqï lrkqfha" idfmaCI jYfhka foaYsh Kh jeämqr f.k we;s njh'

fuu wkqmd;h jeäùu" rfÜ wd¾Ól úfoaY n,mEï j,g f.dÿre jkakg fya;=jkq we;'

whjeh mr;rh

whjeh mr;rh

^o'foa'ks' ]&

o'foa'ks'g

idfmaCIj

rdcH Kh

rch úiska

f.ùug

;sfnk uq¿

Kh

foaYsh Kh

úfoaY uqo,a

Kh

o 'foa'ks'

idfmaCIj

rcfha úfoaY

Kh

Kh f.ùï

rdcH uq,H m%;sm;a;s iy rcfha .sKqï

o¾Ylh 2014 2015 igyk

37

4'2]

11'7]

11'4]

17'2]

re' ìs,shk

1"323

12'7]

re'ì,shk

436

re' ì,shk

441

re' ì,shk

127

re' ì,shk

486

4'6]

16'5]

13'0]

20'5]

re' ì,shk

1"702

15'2]

re' ì,shk

510

re' ì,shk

562

re' ì,shk

292

re' ì,shk

285

re' ì,shk

603

2015 § isÿjQ fï jeäùu jeämqr Kh .ekSu;a remshf,a w.h ySkùu;a ksid isÿ ù hhs" uy nexl=j mjid we;' fuu ishhg .Kk 2002 § 7'4g ;sî" 2014 jk úg 4'4] olajd l%%ufhka wvqlr.;a tlls'

Y%S',x'ix'ne' fláld,Sk ksid ndysr wjodku jeä ù we;' ;jo 2015 § fuu.ska ,nd.;a úfoaY uqo,a remsh, /lSug fhojqjd ñi" flá ld,SkKh mshùug ixÑ;fha ;nd.;af;a ke;' tksidndysr wjodku W;aikakù we;

2015 § hï j¾Okhla fuys fmfka' kuq;a b,a,lhg jvd my< h' wê ,dN noao jeks widOdrK úhoïj,skao b,lalhg meñK ke;'

mqkjrdj¾;k úhoï iy fmdÿ wdfhdack ksidby< f.dia we;ehs uy nexl=j mjid we;'

2015 § j¾Okh 2014 g jvd 28'6] fyda re' ì,shk 150 la úh'

2015 § iEu mqkrdj¾;k úhoï wxYhlu jeäùula olakg ,efí' tu jeäùu" wdodhfï jeäùug jvd jeä ksid whjeh mr;rh ;j ÿrg;a jeä lrùh

2015 § mqkrdj¾;k úhoï j,ska 30] fmd,S úhoï ù we;' jeämqr Kh .ekSu ksid 16'8] lska thjeäù we;' 2015 § re' ì,shk 1"112 la fï rch Khg tl;= lr we;s njo lsj hq;=h'

2015 §" 27'4] rcfha fiajl mä jeä flßKs' fï úhou 2014 § o'foa'ks' ka 4'2] la úh' 2014 È o'foa'ks' ka 5] olajd jeä úh'

2015 i|yd weiafïka;=j ;snqfKa re' ì,shk 70 la muKss' tfy;a 2015 § wêl úhoï imqrd .ekSug wêl fmd<shla f.jd fyda Kh /f.k we;s ksid" whjehg ;j;a nrla tl;= jqks'

2015 § remshf,a w.h lvd jeàu ksid úfoaY Kh f;d.h buy;a f,i jeäjq ieá ñka fmfka' ñka meyeÈ,sj hkafka ±kg mj;sk Kh w¾nqohg j.lsj hq;af;a miq.sh rch fkdj" j;auka rch njhs'

2015 § fuu wdfhdack 23'9] jeä jqjo" fuu wdfhdack j,g fudkjd Wkd±hs lsisfjl=g fmfkkakg ke;

o'foa'ks' ys ]

f,i idudkH

fmd<s úhou

uq¿ KfhkaY%S ,xld ixj¾Okne`ÿïlr" fldg-i

o'foa'ks' ys ] f,i

rcfha wdodhu

o'foa'ks' ys ] f,iuq¿ úhou iy Y=oaO Kh f.ùï

mqqkrdj¾;k

úhou

o'foa'ks'] f,i

mqkrdj¾;k

úhoï

fmd<S úhou

rcfha fiajl

hkaf.a mä yd

jegqma

nexl= wxYfhka

rcfha Kh

.ekSu

remshf,a w.h

wjm%udKh ùu

ksid jeä

jQ Kh iïNdrh

fmdÿ

wdfhdack

38

^5& ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh cd;Hka;r fYa‚.; lsÍï j,ska my,g

m%uqL fmf,a wka;¾cd;sl uq,H j¾.SlrK iud.ula jk uQâia (MOODY’S) wdh;kh úiska 2016

cqks udifha§s " Y%S ,xldfõ uq,H ia:djr Ndjh oelajk fYa‚.; w.h ''B1'' ia:djr uÜgfï

(Stable) isg >DK fyda ''wjodkï '' (Negative) uÜgu olajd my; ouk ,§' ta i|yd fya;= lsysmhla

Tjqka olajd ;snqks' fïjd kï(

1' Èyska È.gu isÿjk wd¾Ól lvd jeàu yuqfõ o< foaYSh ksIamdokh my<hdu" rdcH uQ,H ysÕh

by<hdug;a tys w;=re m%;sm,hla f,i f.jqï fYaI ysÕh b;d Nhdkl wix;=,s; uÜgula

olajd my, jeàug;a we;s wjldYh" iy

2' rch fuf;la isÿlrk ,o iy rdcH uQ,H m%;sixialrK lshdj,sfha iy iuia: rdcH uQ,H

l<ukdlrK lshdj,sfha wid¾:l Ndjh

óg udi lsysmhlg by;§" tkï 2016 fmnrjdß 29 od" ;j;a m%uqL fmf,a wka;¾cd;sl uq,H

j¾.SlrK iud.ula jk *SÉ (FITCH) iud.u ,xldfõ fYa‚.; w.h zzBBZZ isg zzB¬ ZZ olajd

my; fy,k ,os' ta i|yd Tjqka fmkajd § ;snQ fya;= w;r jeäfjñka mj;sk rdcH Kh" jeäfjñka

mj;sk úfoaYSh Kh " È.ska È.gu my, hk rdcH wdodhu iy my, hñka mj;sk úfoaYSh ixÑ;

hk ldrKd we;=,;a fldg ;snq‚'

tmuKla fkdj 2016 ud¾;= 10 od ;j;a m%uqL fmf,a wka;¾cd;sl uq,H j¾.SlrK iud.ula jk

iagEkavâ wekaâ mqj¾ia (Standard & Poors) wdh;kho ish jd¾;dfõ " §¾. l,Sk rdcH Kh ioyd

Y%S ,xldfõ fYa‚.; w.h zzB ¬ZZ ia:djr uÜgul isg —wjOdkï˜ uÜgu olajd my; ouk ,§'

Tjqka tfia lroa§ fmkajd § ;snqfKa Y%S,xld wdKavqfõ wid¾:l rdcH uq,H l<ukdlrKh"

^úfYaIfhkau rdcH whjeh ysÕh&" wmkhk wd¾Ólfha lvdjeàu" úfoaYSh ixÑ; m%udKh

iS>%fhka laIhù hdu iy wka;¾cd;sl uq,H lafIa;% úfYaI{hka Y%S ,xld rcfha uq,H

l<ukdlrK yelshdj ms,snoj ;enQ n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka ùu" hkd§ fya;=kah' rch bjla njlska

f;drj Kh ,nd .ekSu" tu.ska Kh fmd,s jdßl ioyd rch úiska f.úh hq;= uqo, by<hdu" rdcH

uq,H m%;sixialrKfha wid¾:l;ajhg wod, lsÍug n,mdk wdh;ksl ÿ¾j,;d bj;a lsÍug

rch wfmdfydi;a ùu hk lreKqo Tjqka f.kyer olajd we;'

39

fï wkqj" Ys% ,xldj fYa‚.; lrk m%Odk fmf,a wka;¾cd;sl wdh;k ;=ku udi 4 la jeks flá

ld,hla ;=, Y%s ,xldfõ isÿfjk ±jeka; wd¾Ól mßyd‚h fmkajd foñka ;u ;SrKhka m%ldYhg

m;a fldg we;' ;;a;ajh iy h:d¾;h fufia ;sìh§" rch yd tys ys; ñ;=rka Ys% ,xldj ;=, l=ula

lSj;a" f,dalh ±kgu;a i;H jgydf.k wjikah'

2015 j¾;udk zzhymd,kZZ wdKavqj n,hg meñfkk f;la miq.sh oYlh uq¿,af,au" rfÜ uq,H

j¾.SlrKh (Sovereign rating) j¾Okh jq w;r" hqoaOh w;sYfhkau oreKqj mj;soa§ mjd" wd¾Ólh

fufia lvd jeàulg ,lajQfha ke;'

fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka cd;Hhka;r iajdëk úYaf,aIlhkag wkqj Y%S ,dxldfõ ck;dj wiSñ;

lemlsÍï j,ska iy wisñ; ffO¾hfhka ,nd.;a ch.%yKhka" wdmiq yerùug j¾;udk wdKavqj

miq.sh 18 uil ld,h ;=," iu;aj we;s njh'

f,dj ms<s.;a iqm%isoaO m%Odk uq,H lafIa;% j¾.SlrK wdh;k ;=ku fuf,i ;uka f.a Y%s ,xldj

ioyd jk j¾.SlrKh my; fy,Su rg b;d flá l,l§ m;aj we;s wd¾Ól wia:djr;ajh ukdj

ms,sìUq lrk w;r" bÈßfha § uqyqK mEug isÿjk wNd.H iïmkak w÷re hq.hla ms<sn| b.shlao

imhd we;s nj meyeÈ,sh'

;jo" tu jd¾;d iy m%Óm, wkqj" wka;¾cd;sl uq,H lafIa;% úfYaI{hka Y%s ,xld rcfha uq,H

l<ukdlrK yelshdj iy ks¾udKYs,sNdjh" nrm;, f,i w¾nqohlg m;a ù we;s nj ks.ukh

lr we;s njo .uH ù we;'

40

^6& zzhymd,kZZ fjia uqyqkska iÕjkakg ;e;a lrk h:d¾;h

j¾;udk md,lhka n,hg m;ajqfha miq.sh md,lhka ¥Is;hhs u;hla ck;dj ;=, we;slsÍfukah'

tu u;h pkaoodhlhkaf.a is;aj, uq,anei .kakd ;=re ld,hla ;siafia kej; kej; lSu Tjqkaf.a

id¾:l;ajfha ryi úh'

tu miqìu Tiafia ck;dj n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfha i;H.rel msßiqÿ md,k ;ka;%hls' rg iS>%fhka

ixj¾Okh l, yels m%;sm;a;s ud,djls' tu md,k l%uh kj md,lhka úiskau hymd,kh kñka

fn!;Siau lrkq ,eìk' tfia kï" wo tu Wodr n,fmdfrd;a;= bgqù weoao hkak nqoaêfhka úuid

ne,sh hq;= jeo.;a lreKls' tfia lroa§ n,hg m;aù we;s md,k ;ka;%h ;=, uQ,sl iy ±jeka;

ÿ¾j,;d lsysmhla we;s nj meyeÈ,sj fmkS hhs'

m,uqj" n,h .ekSu i|yd tjlg úmlaIfha isg l, m%ldY yd fpdaokd fndfydauhla Tmamqlr.;

fkdyels ksid kj md,lhkaf.a wjxl Ndjh ms,sn| uyck;djg úYd, .eg¨jla u;=ù ;sîuh'

tfiau" ue;sjrKhg fmr ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ rdYshla wo wu;l lr oud ;sîuh' tys§ nrm;,u

m%Yakh ù we;af;aa wo;a Tjqka lrkafka ck;djg ksrka;r fndre lshñka ck;dj fkdu. heùug

W;aidy lsÍuh' fuh f;areï .ekSug tla ir, WodyrKhla .; yelsh' miq.shod rch" uyck

uqo,a úhoï lrñka mqj;a m;a oekaùï m,lrñka úYd, m%h;akhla oerefõ ysgmq md,lhka rg Kh

W.=,l mg,jd we;s nj lSugh' kuq;a" fuu .%ka;fhys wm È.ska È.gu fmkajd § we;s mßÈ" rg Kh

W.=,l mg,jd we;af;a j;auka md,lhkah' óg fmr isá ish¨u md,lhka rg ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd

Kh ,nd .;ay' ta ,nd .;a uqo,a weyeg fmfkk ixj¾Okhla i|yd fhoúk' 2014 wjika jk úg

rdcH Kh remsh,a ì,shka 7'391 la úh' tu Kh m%udKh 2015 jif¾ f.ùug kshñ;j ;snqfka

myiqfjkau ±ßh yels fldgils' th wiSñ; Kh nrla fkdùh' b;sydih mqrd ,xldj Kh .;a;d

fukau" l,g fj,djg Kh f.jk rgla f,i cd;Hka;r ms,s.ekSula ;snqks' tfy;aa" j;auka rch

,xldfõ Kh ;;a;ajh ms,sn| ck;djg ì,af,la ujd mdñka mejiQfha rg Kh W.=,l meg,s

bkakd nj;a thg j. lsj hq;af;a miq.sh rch nj;ah' tfia lshk w;ru j;auka rch 2015 ;=,

mukla ,nd.;a Kh m%udKh remsh,a ì,shk 1"112la úh' tf;la mej;s rdcH Kh 15]lska by,

oeóug fï wkqj hymd,k frðuh tla jirla ;=, iu;a úh' Tjqka tla jirla ;=, rfÜ iEu

mqrjeisfhl=u remsh,a 55"600 lska Kh lrjd we;' kuq;a uqo,a f.jd oekaúï ouñka j¾;udk

md,lhka ;ju;a lrkafka ck;dj /jÜàug W;aidy lsÍuh'

fojkqj" rdcH md,kh ksismßÈ lsÍug wjOdkh fhduq lrkjdg jvd oreKq foaYmd,k m,s.ekSï

j,g ld,h Y%uh yd uqo,a jeh lsÍuh' ÿIK fiùfï uqjdfjka wo rch wj;S¾Kj isákafka

m%;sjd§ka ovhï lsÍu yd Tjqkaf.a ys;j;=ka ìhjoaod ksyv lsÍfï l%shd mámdáhl nj

fkdf;afrk wfhl= fõ kï ta foaYmd,K fkdorefjl= úh hq;=h' j;auka md,kh ;=, m%isoaêfha

kS;s lv lrk ¥Is;hkag tfrysj l%shd fkdlrk fmd,sish" rch úiska b,lal lr we;s foaYmd,k

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m%;sjd§kaf.a iuia; Ôú;hu wOHhkh lrñka l=ula fyda jrola fidhd Tjqka isr.; lsÍug" pß;

>d;kh lsÍug iy kvq mejÍug" l%shd lr;s' j;auka md,lhkaf.a fï yeisÍu ;=,ska m,jkafka

m%cd;ka;rjdofha wkd.;h ms<sn| b;d wjodkï iy.; bÕshls'

f;jkqj" md,lhkaf.a wiu;anj úfYaIfhkau wd¾Ól l,uKdlrkfha ÿ¾j,;dj ck;djf.a

wjOdkhg ,la fjñka mej;Su' kj rch wd¾Ól l,uKdlrkh jroaod .;af; uq, isguh'

ckdêm;sjrKhg miq kj md,lhka b;d wkqjK f,i uyd mßudK" uOH mßudK fukau l=vd

mßudK jHdmD;Ska ish,a, yÈisfha kj;d oeóu ksid wdfhdacl úYajdih iyuq,skau ì|jegqk

w;r" iuia: wd¾Ól l%shdj,shg úYd, ydkshla isÿúh' ckdêm;sjrKfha§ ÿka pkao fmdfrdkaÿjla

jQ rdcH fiajlhkag remsh,a 10"000 mä jeälsÍu uy ue;sjrKh b,lal lrf.k bgq lrkakg

f.dia rcfha wdodhug oeßh fkdyels jd¾Isl úhoula whjehg tlalr .;ay' ;jo ÿrÈ. fkdis;d

bÈßm;a lrk ,o Èk 100 ;djld,sl whjefhka kj rchg lsisÿ wd¾Ól oelaula ke;s nj uq¨

rggu meyeÈ,s jqks' óg wu;rj w;S;hg mjd n,mdk f,i y÷kajd ÿka widOdrK nÿksid foaYSh

iy úfoaYSh jHdmdßlfhda fnfyúka wffO¾hu;a jQy' tmukla fkdj" kj rchg udi 2 la j;a

.;jkakg;a fmr isÿjQ uy nexl= ne÷ïlr uxfld,a,h ksid tjlg rfÜ mej;s fmd,S wkqmd;h

úYd, f,i by,g fhduq jqks' tfyhska" rdcH uq,H mßmd,kh ms,sn| cd;Hka;r úYajdiho oreKq

f,i lv jqks' kS;sh wjkS;sh lrñka foaYmd,k m,s.ekSï i|yd msysgjq fmd,sia uq,H wmrdO

fldÜGdYh u.ska miq.sh rchg mlaImd;Sj jevl,d hehs lshk fndfyda rdcH fiajlhka m%Yak

lrñka iy isr.; lrñka kvq mjrñka lrf.k hk udOH ixo¾YKh ksid ish¨u rdcH

fiajhlhka ìhg m;aù we;s w;r" tys m%Óm,hla f,i rdcH fiajh uq¿ukskau wl¾uKH ù we;'

rcfha úhoï ksis l,uKdlrKhla fkdue;s ùfuka jirla ;=, mqkrdj¾;k úhoï muKla 28]

lska by, f.dia we;s w;r" iuia: rdcH úhou 18] lska by, f.dia we;'

2014 isg 2015 olajd udi 12l wd¾Ól mßydksh uy nexl= jd¾;dj,skau óg fmr mßÉfÉofhka

±kgu;a Tmamq fldg we;' 2015 uynexl= jd¾:djg wkqj" rfÜ wd¾Ól ixj¾Ok fõ.h 2015 § 4'8]

olajd wvqúh' ú/lshdj 4'3] isg 4'6] olajd jeä úh' úfoaY wdfhdack wefußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk

1"635 isg we'fvd' 1"161 olajd my; jegqKs' fldgia fj<|fmd, iuia; ñ< o¾Ylh 7299 isg 6894

olajd weo jegqks' 2014 § 23'4 ] l ,dNhla fjkqjg" 2015 § fldgia fj<| fmdf,a 5'5] l

w,dnhla jd¾;d flreks' remshf,a w.h wefußldkq fvd,rhg idfmalaIj 131 isg 144 olajd lvd

jegqks' rdcH Khnr remsh,a ì,shk 7"391 isg 8"503 olajd tla ojilg re ì,shk 3 ne.ska remsh,a

ì,shk 1"112 lska jeäjqks' o, cd;sl ksYamdokfha m%;sY;hla f,i rdcH Kh 70] isg 76] olajd

msïula meKsks' úfoaY ixÑ; wefußldkq fvd,¾ ì,shk 8'3 isg 7'2 olajd wvqúks' fï WodyrK

lsysmhla muks'

fï ish,af,a iuia: m%;sm,h kï" woCI iy ffjrlaldÍ zzhymd,kZZ kvh ßis mßÈ foaYmd,k

ovhfï fh§ isák w;r rfÜ wd¾Ólh Èfkka Èku fidaodmd¨ ùuh'

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