MicrogridApplica-onsinIndonesianTelcomIndustries

PekikArgoDahonoSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandInforma7cs,

Ins7tuteofTechnologyBandung,INDONESIA

Background•  Indonesiahasmorethantenthousandssmallislandsthoseare

distributedaroundtheequator.•  Indonesiahastargetedtoinstallmorethan1000MWwindpower

plantsand10000MWsolarpowerplantsby2025.•  TherearemorethansixtelcomoperatorsinIndonesia.•  Therearemorethan100,00BaseTransceiverSta7ons(BTS)with

powerdemandsrangingfrom750Wupto10,000W.•  OneremoteBTSusuallyconsumes2000litersofdieselfuelevery

month.•  PT.Telkom(thebiggesttelcomoperator)hasaprogramtoimprove

thereliabilityoftheBTSsbyusingalterna7veenergysourcesthoseareavailablelocally.

•  Itisreportedthatenergyexpensehasbecameabout30%ofOPEX.

Background

Popula7on:250millionsGDP:4000USD

NAD87,72%

Sumut83,98%

Sumbar77,72%

Riau78,17%

Sumsel72,71%

Bengkulu71,15%

Babel82,26%

Lampung70,40%

Jakarta99,99%

Banten68,18%

Jabar70,72%

Jateng77,31%

Jambi76,54%

DIY75,19%

Ja-m72,05%

Bali69,77%

NTB52,88%

NTT39,92%

Kalbar65,37%

Kalteng67,28%

Kalsel75,65%

Kal-m63,44%

Sulut73,21%Gorontalo

54,69%

Sulteng64,84%

Sultra56,46%

Sulsel74,19%

Malut70,34%

Maluku70,80%

Papua29,25%

Category:

>60%

41‐60%

20‐40%

Sulbar64,12%

Kepri91,52%

PapuaBarat58,24%

Background

•  SolarenergyisthefirstchoiceasIndonesiaislocatedontheequator

•  Itisexpectedthattheuseofwindpowermayreducethesystemcost

•  U7litylineordieselpowerisusedasthebackup.•  Severaleffortstoimprovereliabilityandefficiencyoftelcompowersystemsuchascycliccharging,remotefeeding,fuelcells,hybridpowersystemshavebeendone.

SolarPowerMap

Insola7oninkWh/m2/day

WindPowerMap

WindpowerisavailableineastpartofIndonesia

BTSPowerConsump7on

•  Averagetotalpowerconsump7onisabout4,000Wa\

•  About2,000Wa\isforaircondi7oning

•  About1,500Wa\fortelecommunica7onequipment

•  Therestisforligh7ngandmonitoring

Conven7onalBTS

FirstConfigura7on

Opera7ngprocedureisnotchangedEfficiencyislow

SecondConfigura7on

Rec7fieropera7onmustbechangedEfficiencyishigh

MicrogridExample

•  Loca7on:Girisari,Baliisland•  Averagedailyenergyconsump7onfortelecommunica7onis1,5kWx24h=36kWh

•  Averagewindspeedis5‐6m/s

•  Averagesunshinehoursisabout7‐8hrsduringdryseasonand5‐6hrsduringrainyseason

•  Ba\erybackup7meis24hours

GeneralSpecifica7on

Specifica7onofWindPower

Specifica7onofPVModule

MeasurementResults

MeasurementResults

EnergyProducedbyPV,Wind&U7lity

DataAnalysis

•  Theselectedloca7onhasverygoodsunshinehours•  Theaveragewindspeedistoolowbutthespeedvarieswidely

•  Windpowercannotbereliedforthispurpose•  Aferoneyearofopera7on,therearealmostnosignificantopera7ngproblems.

•  Onesignificantproblemisthebrokenofwindturbinebecauseofverystrongwind

•  Theopera7ngdatawillbeusedtoadjustthedesignofthenextprojects

GeneralExperiences

•  Indonesiantelcomindustrieshaveinstalledmorethan300microgridpowersystemswithvariousrenewableresourcessuchassolar,wind,microhydro,biodiesel,andfuelcell.

•  Ba\eryisthemostexpensiveandunreliablecomponentinmicrogridpowersystems.Becauseofvandalismproblem,some7meswehavetoinstallba\eryunderunfavorablecondi7ons.

•  Atpresent,thecontribu7onofwindenergyiss7llverysmall.

•  Op7mizingtheseingofstateofchargesofba\ery•  Inves7ga7ngba\eryperformanceundertropicalcondi7ons

TelkomselGreenPoweredBTS271PV(2.2MWp);5microhydro(64kW);7fuelcell(22kW)

P.Tongkeng,Kep.Seribu

Ponu

Besikama

Eilogo

Marunggela

Wulandoni

Pulaupinang

SarangBaung

Kasia

LiukangTupabiring

Baruppu Tompira

Lamango

Atedei

PasimasungguTimur

PasimaranuPasilambena

Apan

Bade(Mappi)

SelatnasikPongok

Sipora

Maratua

Tenateke Naikliu

Rep.ApuiBaranusa

Loang

Site TanjungBatu

Site SungaiBoh

Site Vega Site LanjakBadau

Site Serawai

Site Melayu Baru

Site Sungai Laur

Site Airupas

Site Sekunau

Site Nyabu

Site Tumbang Senamang

Site Marabatuan

Site Sapeken

Site Bawean Tambak

Site Karimun Jawa

Site Bastem

Site Enggano

Site Suoh

Site BukitMandeh

Site Siak Gasib

Site Kuala Bangka Site Hilimbosi

Site Pulau Lamun

Site Bawoziono

Site Lakhene

Site Pulau Babi

Site Tanjung Aru

Caturmuk7 GMN PWU EID

Site Ganting

Site Air Pinang

Site Pulau Kampai

Site Alafan

Kebun Nyiur

Kondur/Mata air Pulau Numbing

Gn Halat Gn Sesubang

Hariff

Gn Mumbun

Gn Pagar

Conclusion

•  ExperiencehasshownthatPVismorepromisingthanwindpower.

•  Telcomcompanieshavetargetedtoreducetheelectricalenergyconsump7onby20%.

•  Telcomcompanieshavetargetedtoreplace2.5%oftheBTSsintogreenBTSs.

•  Insomeremoteloca7ons,thegreenenergyisobtainedbyusingbiodiesel.

ThankYou