miqÅu - · PDF file2 fuu .egÛj,g ëiáà fièu i|yd jÑkajr ëëO rchka uÕska fkdfhl=;a W;aidyhka ord we;' 1950 oYlfha b†Ñm;a l, oi wjqre¥ ie,eiau" 1970 oYlfha

1

miqÅu

Wiia idCIr;dj" †.= wdhq ld,h" my;a <ore urK wkqmd;slh ldka;djkag iu ;Fjhla ,nd oSu"

ixjrAOk lghq;=j,oS mdrsirsl 'â;%;ajhla ,nd.ekSug lghq;= lsrSu wd° orAYl wkqj ii|d n,k l,

f;jeks f,dj iu tal mqoa., wdodhu we;s wka rgj,aj,g jvd †hqKq ;;a;ajhla fmkak qà l<o"

ë/lshdj yd ¥mam;alu m%uqL fldg f.k mek ke.S we;s fndfyda iudc wdrA:sl m%Yak /ilg wm rg

uqyqKmd we;'

YS% ,xldfï tal mqoa., wdodhu foaYmd,k ksoyi ,enQ 1948 isg jeÆfjâka mej;=ko wdodhu

fn°hdfà ëIu;djhla l%ufhka jrAOkh èula olakg we;' 1973 † ck.ykfhka 40] lajq wvq

wdodhà ,nk ck lKavdhu ,enq wdodhà m%udKh rfê uqÛ wdodhfuka 19'3] laj ;snq w;r 1991 °

th 14'8] olajd my; jeç we;' /lshd wjia:d jirlg jeÆë we;af;a 1'1] lska muKs' tfy;a Y%u

n,ldh Bg fo.=Khlska jeÆ è we;' ,CI 8 lg wdikak ixLHdjla ±kg /lshd ërys;j isåk

w;r thska 35] la oaë;shsl wOHdmkh ksu l< W.;a ;reK msÑi fj;s'

¥mam;alu" „j;aèu i|yd uq,sl wjYH;d imqrd .ekSug fkdyelsnj iy iudc idOdrK;ajh

,nd.ekSfà wmyiq;djh fmkakqà lrk ,CIKhla f,ig yákd.; yelsh' Wreufhka ,;a fohla

fkdue;slâka ¥mam;aj isåk who" ;uka Wmhd.;afoa l%udkql+,j ëhoà fkdls¯u ksid uyÛëfha°

¥mam;aj isåk who" wdndò; fyhska idodld,slj ¥mam;aj isåk who jYfhka ¥mam;=ka fldgia l<

yel' âka jeÆ fofkl=g wdrA:sl ksIamdokhg iyNd.s èug wjia:d imhd°u ;=,ska ¥mam;alâka uqojd

.; yel'

fmdaIK ;;a;ajh âKqula f,ig ¥mam;alu uekSu i|yd fhdod .kq ,efæ' ukao fmdaIKh yd

¥mam;alu w;r n,j;a iyiànkaO;djhla mj;sk nj f,dj fkdfhla rgj, lr we;s iäCIKj,ska

fmkS f.dia we;' ukao fmdaIKfhka fmf,k fndfyda <uqka yuqjkafka ¥mam;a mjq,a w;Ñks' 1980 -

82 w;r mj;ajk ,o fmdaIKh ms<sn| iäCIKhlska fy<s jq lreKq wkqj wm rfê fmr mdi,a hk

<uqka w;=Ñka 36] la W.% ukao fmdaIKfhka fmÛKs' fà fya;= fldg f.k Tjqkaf.a jrAOkh o nd,è

;snqks' jhi wkqj ;sÅh hq;= nr m%udKh wkqj i,ld ne¢ëg" 1993 † fmdaIK m%;sm;a;s ie,iqà

wxYh uÕska lrk ,o iäCIKhlg wkqj jhig wvq nÑka hq;a orejkaf.a ixLHdj 35] la muK jk

nj fmkS f.dia we;'

/lshd ërys;" W!K fiajd kshqla; yd ¥mam;a hk fldgia iudch ;=, meyeos,sj fjkafldg yákd

.ekSu wmyiqh' /lshd ërys; fndfyda wh ¥mam;=ka fkdfj;s' tfukau /lshd lrk wh w;r o

¥mam;a;= iså;s' /lshdj, ksr; iuyr whg ;u uq,sl wjYH;d imqrd .ekSug m%udKj;a wdodhula

fkdue;' fà wkqj fmkS hkafka wdka;slj wvq ksIamdok M,odhs;djhla we;s lghq;=j, ¥mam;=ka fh°

isåk nj;a" wvq Y%u M,odhs;dj ;=,ska ,efnk i;H bmehqu l%ufhka wvqj f.dia iuyr /lshdj,

fhfokakjqka o ¥mam;=ka .Khg jefgk nj;ah'

mj;sk ixLHd f,aLk wkqj fmkS hkafka ¥mam;alu jeÆ jYfhka olakg ,efnkafka kd.Ñlj fkdj

.%dähj njh' kd.Ñl ¥mam;=ka fndfyduhla .âka k.rhg meâKs wh fï' /lshd fidhd .âka

k.rhg tkafkda wvq jegqmla ,nk /lshdj, fhfo;s' Tjqka kqqmqyqKq Y%âlhkah' fndfydaëg Tjqkaf.a

/lshd ;djld,slh' wëòu;a wdrA:sl wxYfha /lshdj, fh° isçu fudjqka w;r fmfkk ,CIKhls'

2

fuu .egÛj,g ëiáà fièu i|yd jÑkajr ëëO rchka uÕska fkdfhl=;a W;aidyhka ord we;'

1950 oYlfha b†Ñm;a l, oi wjqre¥ ie,eiau" 1970 oYlfha b†Ñm;a l, mia wjqre¥ ie,eiau"

1980 oYlfha b†Ñm;a l, taldnoaO .%däh ixjrAOk jevigyk yd tu oYlfha w. Nd.fha°

b†Ñm;a l< ckiëh jevigyk fà i|yd .;a mshjrj,a f,ig ±laëh yelsh' fà ish¢

jevigyka uÕska rfê wdrA:sl ixjrAOkh jeÆ lr,Su ;=,ska /lshd wjia:d ckkh fldg ë/lshdj yd

¥mam;alu wju ls¯u wfmalaId flÑks'

jeÆ M,odhs;djhlska hq;a /lshd yd wdodhà W;amdok wjia:d yákajd°u" tl;= lrk ,o jeÆ

jåkdlâka hq;a kj ksIamdok wjia:d yákajd°u" kj yd Wmfhda.S ;dCIKh fhdod .ksâka ksIamdok

lghq;=j, fh†ug wjia:d imhd°u yd fj<|m,g m%fïYèfà wjia:d yákajd°u fà i|yd .; yels

iq¥iq mshjr f,i yákajd†h yelsh'

1994 ° kj rch uÕska ¥mam;alu ;=rka lr,Su i|yd b†Ñm;a lrk ,o cd;sl jevigyk jqqfha

iuDoaò jevigykhs' ;reKhka w;r n,j;au m%Yakh jk ë/lshdjg ëi¥ula ,nd°u;a" fmd¥fï

¥mam;alu rg ;=,ska ;=rka ls¯u;a" ;reK ;reKshka ixjrAOkhg iDcqju iyNd.s lr.ekSu;a fuu

jevigyfka wruqK fï' iS>%fhka jeÆjk Y%u n,ldh i|yd by< M,odhs;djhlska hq;a /lshd

wjia:d yd wdodhà udrA. yákajd°u t;rà myiq lghq;a;la fkdfï' tfy;a Bg wod< jk .%däh

hå;, myiqlà ixjrAOkh ls¯u" .%däh ck;dj ;=, fi!LH yd fmdaIK ;;a;ajh by< ±äu yd

Tjqka w;r iajhx /lshd i|yd m%fïYèfà wjia:d jeÆlr,Su hk lghq;= i|yd fuu jevigyk

uÕska m%uqLia:dkh ,nd° we;'

iuDoaò jevigyfka mÑmd,k yd l<ukdlrK w†hr

ck;d iyNd.S;ajfhka hq;a ixjrAOk jevigykla f,i iuDoaò jevigyk idrA:lj l%shd;aul ls¯u

i|yd .%däh uêgfà isg cd;sl uêgu olajd w†hr lsysmhlska m%cd ixëOdk yd mÑmd,k tall

msysgqjd we;'

miafokdf.a lKavdhu

¥mam;alfà m%n, ,CIK kà ¥mam;=ka ;ksè isçu yd Tjqka w;r ixëOdk Yla;shla fkd;sÉuh' .%däh

uêgfà my,u ixëOdkh f,ig ^mia fokdf.a& l=vd lKavdhu msysgqjd we;' ;u ;ukaf.a leue;a;

u; ¥mam;a mjq,a myla tlaè fuu lKavdhu iEfoa' fuu lKavdhu ks;r /iaè b;sÑ ls¯u i|yd

/iaè idlÄPd mj;ajk w;r" ie,iqà l%shdj,sh mjq, fj; f.k hk b;d fyd| jeÆyså wOHdmk

l%uhla f,io fuh ye|skaëh yel' fuh furg ixialD;shg wdfïksl jQ w;a;à

l%uh mK.ekaèug lrkq ,nk W;aidhla f,igo ye|skaëh yel'

iuDoaò n,ldh

iuDoaò n,ldh msysgqjd we;af;a tys .%du ks<OdÑ jiula ksfhdackh jk f,igh' wod, jifà jhi

18-35 w;r ;reK msÑi fuhg wh;afï' ;reK ;reKshka rfê ixjrAOk l%shdj,sh ie,iqà ls¯ug

fufyhèu yd m%.;s md,khg iànkaO ls¯u iuDoaò n,ldhka msysgqèfà uQ,sl wruqK fï'

3

WmfoaYl iNd

fldêGdYfha m†xî W.;=ka jeÆysåhkaf.ka yd mQcH mCIfhka iukaë; WmfoaYl uKav,h ne.ska

msysgqjd we;s w;r iuDoaò n,ldhg wjYH Wmfoia fuuÕska ,nd.ekSug wkqn, ° we;'

m%dfoaYSh iuDoaò lâgq

m%dfoaYSh f,alàf.a m%Odk;ajfhka m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYhlg tl ne.ska m%dfoaYSh iuDoaò lâgq

msysgqjd we;' ishÛ m%dfoaYSh rcfha ks,Od¯ka tys idud‚lfhda fj;s' tu m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYh

;=, iuDoaò jevigyk ls%hd;aul ls¯u ms<sn| ishÛu j.lSà fuu lâgqjg mej¯ we;'

†ia;s%la iuDoaò lâgq

†ia;s%la f,alàf.a m%Odk;ajfhka iy †ia;s%lalfha ishÛ rdcH wdh;k m%Odkskaf.ka fuu lâgq iukaë;

fï' osia;s%lalfha iuDoaò jevigyk ls%hd;aul ls¯fà j.lSu fuu lâgqjg mej¯ we;' .à uêgfà

isg cd;sl uêgu olajd iuDoaò jevigyk ls%hd;aul jk wdldrh rEm igyk wxl 01 ys ±lafï'

rEm igyka wxl 01

iuDoaò jevigyk l%shd;aul lrèfà wdh;ksl ixëOdk jHqyh

mÑmd,k$l<uKdlrk uêgâ wod,jk wdh;k$ ixëOdk

cd;sl uêgu Y%S ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑh

iuDoaò flduidÑia ckrd,a fomdrA;fàka;=j

†<sá iyk fomdrA;fàka;=j

†ia;%sla uêgu

†ia;%sla f,alà$ †ia;%sla

wOHCI

†ia;%sla iuDoaò ldrAhd,

îyldr iuDoaò

flduidÑia&

m%dfoaYSh uêgu

m%dfoaYSh f,alà$

ksfhdacH wOHCI

m%dfoaYSh iuDoaò tallh

ûQ,ia:dk l<uKdlre&

l,dm uêgu l,dm l<uKldlre l,dm l<uKdlre

.%du fiajd jià uêgu

îuDoaò n,ldh&

iykdOdr,dNS mjq,a

^l=vd lKavdhà&

4

iuDoaò jevigyk ls%hd;aul lrk wdh;k


rch ëiska 1994 Tlaf;danrA udifha° iuDoaò flduidÑia ckrd,a fomdrA;fàka;=j msysgqjk ,o w;r

tu fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska iuDoaò jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯u wdràN lrk ,°'

†<sá iyk fomdrA;fàka;=j

b;du †<sá ck;djg „jk w;aje,la we;s ls¯fà wruqK we;sj wdrCIK cd,hla f,ig iykdOdr

,nd°fà jevigykla yákajdfok ,°' iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a iykdOdr ,eÉu i|yd f;dard .kakd

,o mjq,a j,g iykdOdr iemhSfà lghq;= 1995 cQ,s ui isg †<sá iyk flduidÑia fomdrA;fàka;=j

uÕska is¥ lrkq ,eÉh' thg wu;rj" †<sá iyk wdydr uqoaor fnod°u" ëfYaI wdydr uqoaor fnod

°u yd ëh,s i,dl m;%sld fnod°u hk lghq;= fuu fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska bgq lrkq ,efæ'

YS% ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑh

;reKhska" ia;S%ka iy wjdis iy.; ;;a;ajhg m;aj we;s ck lKavdhà wdrA:sl yd iudc ixjrAOk

lghq;=j,g tlalr .ekSu" Tjqkaf.a iudchSh ia:djrNdjh m%jrAOkh ls¯u iy ¥.Snj ;=rka ls¯u hk

mrudrA: we;sj iuDoaò jevigyk ie,iqà lsÑu yd ls%hd;aul ls¯u i|yd 1995 wxl 30 orK YS%

,xld iuDoaò wòldrS mk; uÕska YS% ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑh msysgqjkq ,eÉh'

by; i|yka l, whqÑka iudcfha ;reKhska" ia;s%ka iy wjdis iy.; ;;a;ajhlg m;aj we;s

lKavdhàj, wdrA:sl iy iudchSh ;;a;ajh jeÆ †hqKq ls¯u i|yd"

Tjqkaf.a wdodhà jeÆ †hqKq ls¯u yd Tjqka w;r /lshd wjia:d iq,N ls¯u'

wdrA:sl yd iudc ixjrAOk lghq;=j,g Tjqka tlalr .ekSu'

mjq,a uêgfà wdrA:sl lghq;= yd m%cd ixjrAOk jHdmD;s iuÕ .à" m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY

†ia;s%la yd m<d;a uêgâka iànkaO ls¯u'

m%;s,dNSkaf.a wNsjDoaòh i|yd Tjqkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh we;sj ixjrAOk jHdmD;s yd fhdackd l%u

ie,iqà lsÑu iy l<ukdlrKh ls¯u'

m%;s,dNSka w;r iyfhda.s;dj we;s ls¯u" Tjqka w;r b;sÑ ls¯à jvjd,Su yd Kh myiqlà

,nd.ekSug iydhèu'

m%;s,dNSkag wod, jk rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;kj, fiajdjka Tjqka fj; ,nd°ug wjYH

myiqlà iemhsu

hk lghq;= ls%hd;aul ls¯u fuu mk; uÕska iuDoaò wòldÑh fj; mjrd we;'

5

iuDoaò jevigyk W;=re yd kef.kysr fom<df;ka wàmdr †ia;s%lalh muKla we;=¢j †ia;s%lal 18l

1996 jifrA isg ls%hd;aul ëh' 1997 jifrA° iSudiys; jev fldgila l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd uvl,mqj"

;%sl=Kdu,h iy jïkshdjo we;=,;a lr .eKsk'

uqo,a m%;smdok

iuDoaò jevigyk i|yd 1996 jrAIfha isg ,nd oS we;s uqo,a m%;smdok ms<sn| ëia;r j.= wxl 01

ys ±lafjk w;r tu m%;smdok ëëO ldrAhhka i|yd fhdojd we;s wdldrh rEmigyka wxl 02 ys

±lafï'

uqo,a m%;smdok 1996 - 1998

j.= wxl 01

re' â,shk

ëia;rh 1996 1997 1998 1999

m%odkhka îykdOdr& 7855 8081 8000.00 8000

m%cd jHdmD;s 254 700 525.50 492

mÑmd,k îuDoaò kshdul jegqma& 938 959 428.56 824

Kh jevigyka 100 650 300.00 150

tl;=j 9147 10390 9254.06 9466

uQ,h( whjeh f,aLkh - uyd NdKavd.drh

iuDoaò uqo,a m%;smdok ëëO ldrAhhka i|yd fhdojd we;s wdldrh

1996 - 1998

rEmigyka wxl 02

1996100

938254

7855

mqodkhka îykdOdr& m%cd jHdmD;s

mÑmd,k îuDoaò kshdul jegqma& Kh jevigyka

1997

700959 650

8081



1998

428.56525.5 300

8000



1999

8000

492824

150

m%odkhka îykdOdr& m%cd jHdmD;s mÑmd,k Kh jevigyka

6

1996 jirg idfmaCIj 1997 jifrA ishÛu jevigyka i|yd ,nd ° ;snQ m%;smdok 11'96] lska muK

by< f.dia we;s w;r 1997 jirg idfmaCIj 1998 jirg ,nd ° ;snQ m%;smdok m%udKfha 10'93 olajd

my< hdula olakg ;snqKs'


iuDoaò flduidÑia ckrd,a fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska iuDoaò wdrCIK jevigyk" iuDoaò ck;d jHdmD;s

jevigyk" iuDoaò kshdulhska m;als¯u" mjq,a ixjrAOk jevigyk" iuDoaò wOHdmksl jevigyka

fuu fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska l%shd;aul flfrA'

2'1 ixëOdk jHqyh Yla;su;a ls¯u

iuDoaò ixjrAOk jevigyk .%däh uêgâka l%shd;aul ls¯u myiq ls¯u i|yd 1999 jrAIh ;=<

iuDoaò kshdulhska '''''''''' fofkl=g ixjrAOk ks,Od¯ka jYfhka ia:sr m;aèà ,nd°ug lghq;= fldg

we;'

iuDoaò kshdul m;aèà 1996-1999

1'1 ixëOdk jHqyh Yla;su;a ls¯u

iuDoaò kshdul m;aèà 1996 - 1999

j.= wxl 02

ëia;rh fhdacs; ixLHdj 1996 1997 1998 1999

1' osia;%slal 25 18 21 21 21

2' m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY 301 200 272 272

3' .%du ks,OdÑ jià 14818 12137 13560 13560 13703

4' kshdulhska ^m;a ls¯u& 33517 25921 31388 31388 1343

5' ixjrAOk ks,Od¯ka 10000 - - 7839

1'2 iudc wdrCIK jevigyk

wruqKq

†<sá mjq,a ±kg isåk ;;ajfhka ;j¥rg;a my;g jeçug n,mE yels y†is wdmod fyda ëhoà

w;HjYHjk idudchSh wjia:djkays° tajdfha nr wju lr .ekSu i|yd wdmiq wh fkdlrk

rCIK wdOdr uqo,la mjq,g iemhSu

†<sá mjq,aj, yeis¯à rgdj hym;a w;g fjkia ls¯ug Wmldrjk wdl,am jrAOkhg wjYH

jevigyka l%shd;aul ls¯u

7

iduQysl Yla;s jrAOkhg yd wdrA:sl Yla;s jrAOkhg Wmldr èu uÕska udkj ys;jd° iudc

wdrCIK cd,hla we;s ls¯u

iuDoaò iudc wdrCIK jevigyk hgf;a remsh,a 1000$-" 500$- iy re' 250$- iykdOdr ,nk mjq,a

j,ska re' 25$- l udisl jdÑl uqo,la whlr .kq we;'

iudc wdrCIK lghq;= l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd m%dfoaYSh lâgqjla m%dfoaYSh f,alà ldrAhd,fhao" osia;%sla

lâgqjla osia;%sla f,alà ldrAhd,fhao wrUd ldrAhd, fiajl myiqlà ,nd ° we;'

1'2'1 iudc wdrCIK myiqlà iemhSu

rCIK l%uhg odhl jk idud‚l mjq,aj, is¥jk my; i|yka wjia:d i|yd wdOdr imhkq ,efæ'

mjqf,a idud‚lhl=f.a urKh

- re' 5000$- jirlg tla urKhlg muKs'

idud‚lhd frda.Sèu - osk 07 fyda Bg jeÆ †k .Kkla frday,a .;èuloS jirlg WmÑu osk

30la i|yd osk tllg re' 50$- ne.ska WmÑu re'1500$- ls'

mjqf,a is¥jk tla ëjdyhlg muKla

idud‚lhdg re 3000$- ls'

hefmkakl=g ) re' 1000$- ls'

idud‚lhdf.a mjqf,a tla ore Wm;lg muKla

- re' 2000$- ^m<uq fyda fojk ore Wmf;ka tllg&

iudc wdrCIK mjq, hkq iuDoaò idud‚lhd ^.Dy uQ,sl&" Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a ld,;%hd iy Tyqf.a

wëjdyl orejka we;=,;a l=gqành fï'

iudc wdrCIKh 1997 - 1999

jka† f.èà

j.= wxl 03

jka† jrA.h 1997 ixLHdj 1998 ixLHdj jeh jQ uqo,

re'â'

1999 ixLHdj jeh jQ uqo,

re'â'

Wm;a 22044 24801 49.71 8398 16.76

ëjdy 21353 29614 58.59 20712 21.21

f,v frda. 6448 9691 22.31 10012 7.89

urK 11543 16569 81.55 12925 63.29

tl;=j 61388 80675 212.16 52047 109.16

8

1'2'2 iudc wdrCIK wruqo, hgf;a l%shd;aul flfrk fjk;a jevigyka

1'2'2'1 wOHdmksl jevigyka

iuDoaò m%;s,dNS mjq,aj, orejkaf.a wOHdmksl lghq;= ixjrAOkh ls¯u i|yd;a m%;s,dNSkaf.a ±Kqu

jrAOkh ls¯u i|yd;a WmldÑ jk fia iuDoaò Kek kqjK wOHdmk jevigyk l%shd;aul lr we;'

iuDoaò keK kqjK YsIH;aj jevigyk - 1999

j.= wxl 04

YsIH;ajh †ia;%sla ixLHdj YsIHFj,dNSka

ixLHdj

jehjk uqo,

re'â'

keK kqjk 18 478 1.43

;reK irië YsIH;aj 13 138 0.41

msÑfjka YsIH;aj 11 84 0.25

ëfYaI YsIH;aj 01 02 0.02

tl;=j 702 2.11

wdodhà jrAOkhg yd iudc ;;a;aj ixjrAOkhg Wmldrèu

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.a wdodhà yd iudc ;;a;ajh jrAOkh ls¯u i|yd f;dard .kq ,enQ m%foaYhkays

iq¥iq kshdul jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯ug mshjr f.k we;'

uyk ueIska fnod°u

j.= wxl 05

jrAIh ,ndfok ,o uyk

ueIska ixLHdj

Kh uqo,a

re' â'

Kh wdmiq whèu

re' â'

1997 4991 16.49 6'12

1998 536 1.27 4'77

1999 4990 18.71 12'37

tl;=j 5527 17.76 10'89

ëjdy40%

f,vfrda.19%

Wm;a16%

urK25%

9

udkj iàm;a ixjrAOk mqyqKq jevigyk

iuDoaò l<uKdlrejka" iuDoaò ixjrAOk ks,Od¯ka" iuDoaò kshduljreka iy iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka

ixjrAOk lghq;=j,g fhdojd .ekSu '''' ls¯u Wfoid mjq,a ixjrAOk jevigyka" iuDoaò n,ld

mqyqKqj" †ia;%sla m%.;s iudf,dapk jevigyka iy iuDoaò l<uKdlrejka iy jeÆ jYfhka iuDoaò

ixjrAOk ks,Od¯ka yd kshduljreka we;=¢j 1200 lf.a iyNd.S;ajfhka iEu wxYhlau wdjrKh

jkfia iuDoaò fh!jk wNsudKS jevigyk ilia lr we;'

j.= wxl 06 u.ska ±lafï

j.= wxl 06

jevigyk iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj ëhou re'â'

mjq,a ixjrAOk jevigyk 25 0'035

iuDoaò n,ld mqyqKqj 10750 0'167

†ia;%sla m%.;s iudf,dapk /iaèà 01 ^jevigyka& 0'042

fh!jk wNsudKS jevuqÛj 1200

len,s fr† fnod°u

j.= wxl 07

jrAIh ,ndfok ,o

ls' .%E' m%udKh

jåkdlu

re'

1998 5201 650,125.00

1999 9184 918,400.00

frdao mqgq ,nd°u

m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY uêgâka f;dard .kakd ,o wdndò; mqoa.,hska i|yd fkdâf,a frdao mqgq

fnod ° we;'

j.= wxl 08

jrAIh m%udKh jåkdlu

re'

1998 133 1,130,500.00

1999 150

iuDoaò ck;d jHdmD;s

iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a lDIsldrAâl lghq;= †hqKq ls¯ug Wmld¯ jk l=vd jeë" iqÛ jdÑudrA.

wd†h m%;sixialrKh lsÑu yd lDIsldrAâl <sx b†ls¯u hk lghq;= Y%u iQCIu l%u Wmfhda.S

10

lr.ksâka iuDoaò n,ldhka ,jd bgq ls¯fà jevigykla f,i fuu jHmD;sh iuDoaò flduidÑia

ckrd,a fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska l%shd;aul lr we;'

jevigyfka m%Odk wruqK jkafka .àudkj, f.dë ck;djg lDIsldrAâl lghq;= i|yd c, myiqlà

iemhSu yd tu myiqlà jeÆ †hqKq ls¯ug iyNd.Sjk iykdOdr,dNS Y%âlhkag wdodhula Wmhd

.ekSug ie,eiaèu;ah' ta wkqj jeÆ Y%u odhl;ajhla fà i|yd ,nd.ekSug lghq;= lrkq ,efæ'

1999 jrAIh fjkqfjka fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd re'â' 100 l m%;smdok ,nd ° we;'

fuu re'â'100 by; jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd †ia;%slal 20 la i|yd fjkalr ° we;' ta wkqj

1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg l=vd jeï 196" iqÛ jdÑudrA. 365" lDIs <sx 13" fjk;a jHdmD;s 23 la

ksulr we;' 1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg ksâ jHdmD;s m%.;sh 95'54] ls'

2' †<sá iyk fomdrA;fàka;=j

2'1 iuDoaò iykdOdr jevigyk

†<sá iyk fomdrA;fàka;=fï fufyjr jkqfha wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj, wdodhu hemSà uêgul

mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd iykdOdr jevigyka l%shd;aul ls¯u iy wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj, iudc

;;a;ajh kxjd,Sug lghq;= ls¯uh'

fuu fufyjr hgf;a 1999 jrAIh ;=< l%shd;aul lrk ,o jevigyka my;ska ëia;r è we;'

01' iuDoaò iykdOdr jevigyk

iuDoaò iykdOdr jevigyk hgf;a re'1000$- g wvq udisl wdodhula ,nk †<sá mjq,a iykdOdr

,eÉug ysâlà ,n;s' fuu mjq,a i|yd 1999 jrAIh ;=< ih wdldrhl iuDoaò °ukd m;%sld ksl=;a

lrkq ,enqKs' ta ms<sn| ëia;r fufiah'

re'1000$- °ukd m;%sldj

udisl wdodhu re'500$- g wvq iy tfiau mjqf,a idud‚l ixLHdj 4la fyda Bg jeÆ fkd†hqKq mjq,a

i|yd re'1000$- °ukd m;%sldjla ksl=;a lrkq ,enqKs' fà hgf;a 1999 jrAIfha ksl=;a lrk ,o °ukd

m;%sld m%udKh 12043 ls'


udisl wdodhu re'500$- g jeÆ yd re'1000$- g wvq idud‚lhska ;=ka fokl= fyda Bg jeÆ ixLHdjla

iys; mjq,a i|yd re'500$- l °ukdjla ysâ ëh' fà hgf;a 1999 jrAIh ;=< iykdOdr ,enQ mjq,a

ixLHdj 899083 ls'


11

udisl wdodhu re'1000$- g wvq idud‚lhska fofokl= iys; mjq,a i|yd re'200$- fha °ukd m;%sld

ksl=;a lrkq ,enqKs' fà hgf;a iykdOdr ,enQ ixLHdj 329588 ls'


udisl wdodhu re'1000$- g wvq" ;ks mqoa., mjq,a tall i|yd re'100$- °ukd m;%sldjla ksl=;a lrkq

,enqKs'' äg wu;r rcfha ,shdm†xî iudc fiajd wdh;kj, fkajdislhkg iy mQcH mCIhg o re'

100$- °ukd m;%sld ,nd fok ,°'

fà wkqj 1999 jrAIh ;=< ksl=;a lrk ,o re'100$- fha °ukd m;%sld .Kk 219788 la ëh'


ckiëh mjq,a w;r isåk wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj,g;a" kef.kysr m<df;a yd jjqkshdj †ia;%slalfha

miqj yákd.;a mjq,aj,g;a udislj re'250$- l °ukdjla ,nd fok ,°' 1999 jrAIh ;=< re'250$-

°ukd ,nd.;a mjq,a ixLHdj 527009 la ëh'


iudoaò iykdOdr ,nâka isg mjqf,a udisl wdodhu re'1000$- blaujk ;;a;ajh blaujQ tfy;a

;j¥rg;a iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a r|jd.;hq;= jQ mjq,a i|yd re'125$- l °ukdj ksl=;a lrk ,°'

1999 jrAIh ;=< re'125$- °ukdj ,nd.;a mjq,a .Kk 142 ls'

fuu jevigyk hgf;a W;=re" kef.kysr l%shdkaë; fiajfha fh† iså whf.a mjq,a i|ydo Tjqkaf.a

wdodhu mjqf,a wdodhug .Kka fkdf.k iudoaò iykdOdr ,nd°ug lghq;= fhdod we;'

iuDoaò iykdOdr jevigyfkys m%Odk wruqK jkqfha wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,a j,g w;HdjYH wdydr

øjH ,nd.ekSug wdOdrhla ls¯uhs' fà wkqj iEu °ukd m;%sldjlgu wdydr øjH ,nd.ekSug uqoaorhla

we;' äg wu;rj re'1000$- re'500$-" yd 250$- °ukd m;%sldj, iuDoaò iudc wdrCIK l%uhg odhl

uqo,a f.èu i|yd ilia lrk ,o uqoaorhla o fï' iuDoaò iudc wdrCIK l%uh hgf;a fufia

odhljqkq mjq,a i|yd mjqf,a y†is fyda ëfYaI wjia:djkays° uqo,ska wdOdrhla imhkq ,efæ'

fà w;ru" re'1000$- yd re'500$- iykdOdr m;%sldj, wksjdrAhh b;sÑls¯à i|yd uqoaorhla o we;'

iuDoaò,dNS mjq,a w;r b;sÑ ls¯fà mqreoaola we;s ls¯u fuys wruqKhs'

re'125$- fya °ukd m;%sldfï uqoaor folls' âka m<uqjeks uqoaorh re'100$- fha uqoaorhls' th

wksjdrAhh b;sÑ ls¯à hgf;a ;ekam;a ls¯uh' fojeks uqoaorh re'25$- fya uqoaorhls' th iuDoaò

iudc wdrCIK l%uh hgf;a odhlèu i|yd ilia lr we;'

±kg †jhsfka †ia;%slal 21 l l%shd;aul jk fuu iykdOdr jevigyk 2000 jrAIfha° hdmkh

†ia;%slalfha o l%shd;aul ls¯ug ;SrKh lr we;'

1999 jrAIh ;=< †ia;%slal wkqj iuDoaò iykdOdr fnod yeÑ wdldrh ms<sn| ëia;rd;aul jdrA;dj

äg wuqKd we;' weuqKqà wxl '''''''' ±lafï' 1999 jrAIh ;=< fuu jevigyk hgf;a ëhoà l< uqo,

remsh,a â,shk 8060 ls'

12

02' fmdaIK °ukd jevigyk

†<sá mjq,aj, <ore yd ud;D fmdaIK ;;a;ajh kxjd,Sfà jevigykla jYfhka fmdaIK °ukd

jevigyk l%shd;aul flfrA' wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj, wÛ; orejka ,o uïjrekaf.a fmdaIK ;;a;ajh

kÕdisgqjd uïlsÑ †fà yelshdj jrAOkh ls¯u" orejdf.a fmdaIK ;;a;ajh kÕdisgqèu fuu

jevigyfkys wruqKh' fà i|yd ujlg ;u orejdg udi 12 iàmQrAK jk;=re fuu jevigyk

hgf;a re'100$- l udisl °ukdjla ,ndfokq ,efæ'

fuu jevigyk hgf;a 1999 foieànrA w. jkëg m%;s,dNSka 80718 la i|yd °ukd m;%sld ksl=;a lr

we;s w;r" 1999 jrAIh ;=< ëhoà lrk ,o uqo, re'â' 71'5 ls' weuqKqà wxl '''''' oelafï'

03' ëh<s i,dl m;%sld ksl=;a ls¯u

w;HdjYH fiajd flduidÑia ckrd,a ldrAhd,h u.ska l%shd;aul flfrk wj;eka jQ mjq,a i|yd ëh<s

i,dl ,nd°fà jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯ug iykhla jYfhka ëh<s i,dl m;%sld uqøKh lr

fnodye¯u yd ixLHdf,aLK mj;ajdf.k hdu †<sá iyk fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska is¥ flfrA' fà i|yd

1999 jrAIh ;=<ska mjqf,a idud‚l ixLHdj wkqj" mia wdldrhl ëh<s i,dl m;%sld uqøKh lr

fnodyÑk ,°'

1999 foieànrA 31 †k jkëg ëh<s i,dl iykdOdrh ,nâka iså mjq,a ixLHdj my; i|yka mÑ†

fï' ksl=;a l< fmdaIK m;%sld ixLHdj weuqKqà wxl ''''''''' ys ±lafï'

j.= wxl 09

mjqf,a idud‚l ixLHdj udisl iykdOdrh

re'

ëh<s i,dl wdOdrh

,o mjq,a ixLHdj

1 336 27063

2 616 21081

3 840 21350

4 1008 25815

5 fyda jeÆ 1260 59623

tl;=j 154932

ëh<s i,dl m;%sld ksl=;a ls¯u - 1999

†ia;%slalh ksl=;a l< fmdaIK m;%sld

.Kk

fld<U 1671

.àmy 1750

lÛ;r 353

uykqjr 168

13

ud;f,a 179

kqjrt<sh 51

.d,a, 09

ud;r 65

yànkaf;dg 30

l=reKE., 849

mq;a;,u 7359

wkqrdOmqrh 1341

fmdf<dkakrej 594

n¥,a, 24

fudKrd., -

r;akmqrh 12

lE.,a, 51

;%sl=Kdu,h 6319

uvl,mqj 5767

wàmdr 167

hdmkh 87886

ls,sfkdÄî 8889

uq,;sï 13333

ukakdru 13141

jjqkshdj 4924

tl;=j 154932

iudc ixjrAOk jevigykla l%shd;aul ls¯u

1999 jrAIh ;=< iudc ixjrAOkh Wfoid my; i|yka jevigyka l%shd;aul lrkq ,enqKs'

1' m%dfoaYSh WmfoaYk fiajdjla we;s ls¯u

2' mQrAj <udëh ixjrAOkh hgf;a fouïmshka" fmr mdi,a md,sldjka ±Kqj;a ls¯u

3' wdrCIs; l=mams ,dâmq Ndë;h m%p,s; ls¯u

4' m<sfndaO kdYl Ndë;h ksid ish†ë ydkslr .ekSà wju ls¯u i|yd lghq;= ls¯u

m%dfoaYSh WmfoaYK fiajdjla wdràN ls¯u

1999 jrAIh ;=< ufkdaëoHd Æmaf,daud mdGud,dj yd WmfoaYkh ms<sn| Wiia iy;sl m;% mdGud,dj

iàmQrAK lrk ,o iudc fiajd ks,Od¯ka wkqhqla;j isåk m%dfoaYSh f,alà ldrAhd, 23 ys WmfoaYk

14

fiajd uOHia:dk ëjD; lrkq ,enqKs' mqyqKqj ,;a iudc fiajd ks,Od¯ka ëiska iEu isl=rdod †klu

fuu uOHia:dkj,° WmfoaYk fiajdj imhkq ,enqKs'

fuu jHdmD;sh ;j¥rg;a jHdma; lrkq msKsi ;j;a iudc fiajd ks,Od¯ka 40 fokl= i|ydo ufkda

ëoHdj yd WmfoaYkh ms<sn| mdGud,djla fuu jrAIh ;=< ixëOdkh lrkq ,enqKs'

mQrAj <udëh ixjrAOkh ms<sn| jevigyk

†jhsfka m%dfoaYSh f,alà ldrAhd,j,g wkqhqla; ishÛu iudcfiajd ks,Od¯ka yg lKavdhà jYfhka

mQrAj <udëh ixjrAOk ms<sn| ±kqj;a ls¯fà mdGud,djla ilia lrkq ,enqKs' fuu mdGud,dj hgf;a

mqyqKqj ,o iudcfiajd ks,Od¯ka uÕska" m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYj, fmr mdi,la mokà lrf.k"

fmr mdie,a md,sldjka yd <udëfha miqjk orejka isåk uïjreka ±kqj;a ls¯fà jevigykla

l%shd;aul lrkakg fh¥Ks'

fuu jevigykaj,° fmr mdi,aj, fmdaIK jeviykla wdràN ls¯ug lghq;= lrkq ,enqKs' wm

fj; fuu jevigyka l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd remsh,a ,CI myl m%;smdok ,eÉ ;snqKq w;r" iuDoaò

wòldÑh uÕskao lÆkà m%cd ixjrAOk jevigykla l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd tu wdh;khg ,enqKq

uqo,aj,ska re' ,CI oyhla fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd ,ndfokakg fh¥Ks' fuu m%;smdok

wkqj 1999 jrAIh ;=< mQrAj <udëh ixjrAOkh hgf;a fouïmshka yd fmr mdie,a md,sldjka ±kqj;a

ls¯fà jevigyka 285 la l%shd;aul ëh'

wdrCIs; l=mams ,dàmq Ndë;h m%p,s; ls¯u

wkdrCIs; l=mams ,dàmq Ndë;h fya;= fldgf.k .àno f.j,aj, is¥jk wk;=re wju ls¯fà woyi

fmroeÑ lrf.k" Y%S ,xld ffjoH ix.uh ëiska ilia lr we;s wdrCIs; l=mams ,dàmq Ndë;h m%p,s;

ls¯fà iudc ixjrAOk jHdmD;sh 1999 jrAIh ;=<° o l%shd;aul flreKs'

fà hgf;a .àjdiSka ±kqj;a ls¯fà jHdmD;sh ixëOdkh lrk ,o w;r" mjq,a 10"000lg muK

wdrCIs; l=mams ,dàmq wf,ë lrkq ,enqKs'

m,sfndaO kdYl Ndë;h ksid is¥jk ish†ë ydkslr .ekSà wju ls¯fà jHdmD;sh

m,sfndaO kdYl Ndë;h ksid ish†ë ydkslr .ekSà nyq, jYfhka is¥jk fldêGdY jYfhka m,sfndaO

kdYl fomdrA;fàka;=j ëiska yákdf.k ;snQ fldêGdYj, iudc fiajd ks,Od¯ka yd Tjqkaf.a wûCIKh

lghq;= ndr †<sá iyk iyldr flduidrsiajreka" m,sfndaO kdYl fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska ixëOdkh

lrk ,o mqyqKq jevigyka folla i|yd iyNd.s lrjkq ,enqKs'

fuu mqyqKqj ,enQ ks,Od¯kaf.a iydh we;sj m,sfndaO kdYl Ndë;h je,elaèu hgf;a fouïmshka

i|yd ±kqj;a ls¯fà jevigykla iàmdokh ls¯ug lghq;= fh°ug woyia lr we;'

15

3' YS% ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑh

3'1 wksjdrAh b;sÑ ls¯à

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka b;sÑls¯ug mqre¥ ls¯u;a" tuÕska Tjqkaf.a iqÛ Kh wjYH;d imqrd,Su;a hk wruqKq

bgqlr .ekSu i|yd fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul lr we;' fà hgf;a †<sá ck;djg ,ndfok re'1000$-

yd re'500$- iykdOdr uqo,ska ms<sfj,ska re'200$- yd re'100$- ne.ska udislj wksjdrAhfhka wvqfldg

tu uqo, m%;s,dNshdf.a kâka wdfhdack .sKqul ;ekam;a lrkq ,efæ'

fuuÕska m%;s,dNSkaf.a wdfhack Yla;sh by< kexèug lghq;= lrk w;ru" Tjqka ;=< nexl= mqre¥

jrAOkh ls¯ulao is¥fï'

udislj wksjdrAhh b;sÑls¯à f,i re'200$-" re'100$- jYfhka 1996 jifrA isg 1999 jir olajd

wksjdrAhh b;sÑls¯à hgf;a ;ekam;a lr we;s uqo,a m%udKh my; ±lafï'

wksjdrAh b;sÑls¯à wruqo,a 1996 - 1999

j.= wxl 10

ëia;rh 1996 1997 1998 1999

mjq,a ixLHdj 925985 918036 897803 904257

iuqÄî; b;sÑ ls¯à ^re' â,shk& 1517.54 2519.77 3764.15 5211.98

rEm igyka wxl 06

16

m%cd ixëOdk jevigyk

Y%S ,xldfï †<sálu msgq±lSfà cd;sl jevigykla f,i 1995 jifrA° werÇ iuDoaò jevigyfka lemS

fmfkk ,CIKhla jkqfha tys kdhl;ajh ;reK mrmqrg ,nd°ug lghq;= lr ;sÉuhs' iuDoaò

m%;s,dNS ;reK ;reKshkaf.a ëëO oCI;d yd yelshdjka cd;sl ixjrAOk lghq;= i|yd fhdojd

.ekSug wjYH uÕ fmkaèu yd uQ,H mq;smdok ,nd°u ;=<ska iuDoaò jevigyk l%shd;aul lr we;s

nj miq.sh miajirl ld,h ;=< iuDoaò jevigykg miq is¥ jQ ixjrAOk l%shdj,sh ;=<ska meye†,s

fï'

iuDoaò n,ldh

jhi wjq' 18 - 35 ;a w;r ;reK ;reKshka talrdYS fldg iEu jiulu iuDoaò n,ldhla msysgqjkq

,efæ' 1999 jir jkëg ,xldj ;=< iuDoaò jevigyk l%shd;aul jk ish¢ †ia;%slalhkays msysgqjd

we;s iuDoaò n,ldhka ixLHdj 11558 ls' tajdfha idud‚l ixLHdj 665845 ls'

m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyk hgf;a .ug wjYH hå;, myiqlà iemhSfà° iuDoaò n,ldhka bgqlr

we;s ldrAh Ndrh w;suy;ah'

l=vd lKavdhà l%shdj,sh

iuDoaò jevigyk ;=< f.dv kexjqKq ¥mam;=ka n,uqÛ .ekaèfà yd Tjqka ;=< iajYla;sh jrAOkh

ls¯fà hka;%Khla f,i l=vd lKavdhà l%uh ye|skaëh yelsh' re'1000$- yd re'500$- iykdOdr,dNSyq

m<uq jgfha° idud‚l;ajh ,enQy' fuys idud‚l;ajh ,enQjka tla lKavdhulg mia fokd ne.ska tla

è ;sÅKs' l=vd lKavdhà l%shdldrlàj, m%.;sh wxY lsysmhlska ±laëh yel'

iafïÄPd b;sÑls¯à

ta ta m%;s,dNS mjqf,a yelshdj wkqj i;sm;d re'20$-" re'10$- fyda re'5$- jYfhka lKavdhà uqo,la

tl;= lr.ksâka 1996 jifrA isg b;sÑls¯fà mqreoao †hqKq lr.;a m%;s,dNSyq 1999 jir jkëg

iafïÄPd b;sÑls¯à jYfhka re'â' 401 lg jeÆ uqo,la tl;= lr .ekSug iu;a è we;'

fuu m%;s,dNSkaf.a iafïÄPd b;sÑls¯à yd m%.;sh my; ±lafï'

j.= wxl 11

ëia;rh 1997 1998 1999

l=vd lKavdhà .Kk 11565 183915 227796

iuqÄî; b;sÑ ls¯à ^re' â,shk& 271.34 407.21 401.43

tmuKla fkdj i;s /iaèàj,° Tjqkg wjYH lrk mdÑfNda.sl NdKav yqjudre lr .ekSfuka Tjqkaf.a

t†fkod wjYH;d imqrd .ekSugo iu;aj iså;s'

17

ëëO l%shdldrlà

iduQyslj /iaj i;sm;d idlÄPdjg yqreèu ksid Tjqka wdrA:sl yd iud„h jYfhkao †hqKqj i,idf.k

we;' yqol,dj ;u mjqf,a „ëldj f.k .sh ldka;dj l=vd lKavdhà l%uh ksid ixëOdk moaO;sh ;=<

kdhl;ajh f.k l%shdls¯ug iu;aè ;sÉu iqëfYaI lreKls' tuÕska"

tlsfkld w;r ±Kqu" l=i,;d yd wdl,am jrAOkh èu

fm!reI jrAOkh" iduQyslj lghq;= ls¯fuka ixjrAOkh wjYH ëkh f.dv kxjd .ekSu

ie,iqà iy.;j lghq;= ls¯fà yelshdj

wjYH ëkh f.dvkxjd .ekSu iy ie,iqà iy.;j lghq;= ls¯fà yelshdj l=vd lKavdhà

idud‚lhskag ,eÉ ;sfæ'

iuDoaò iâ;s

fuf,i f.dvke.=Kq l=vd lKavdhà l%shdj,sh iuDoaò nexl= ix.à jevigyk hgf;a cd;sl uêgug

msëi ;sfæ' l=vd lKavdhà ;j¥rg;a †hqKq uêgug f.k taug iuDoaò iâ;s yd uyd ix.à msysgqjd

we;'

1999 jir jkëg msysgqjd we;s iuDoaò iâ;s ixLHdj 28731 ls' tys idud‚l ixLHdj 1299172 ls'

l=vd lKavdhà idud‚lhska Kh .ekSfà° iuDoaò iâ;s yd uyd ix.à yryd lghq;= l<hq;= fï'

l,dmhkays msysgqjd we;s iuDoaò nexl= ix.à ;=< iafïÄPd b;sÑls¯à ta ta m%;s,dNshdf.a kâka .sKqul

;ekam;a lr we;' fuuÕska fmkS hkafka l=vd lKavdhà l%shdj,sh ;=<ska †<sálu wju ls¯fà uQ,sl

wÆ;d,u ilia lr we;s njhs'

3'3 m%cd jHdmD;s ixjrAOk jevigyk

ye|skaèu

m%cd jHdmD;s ixjrAOk jevigyfkys m%Odk wruqKq jkqfha m%cd wjYH;d yákdf.k ixjrAOkhg wod,

wdrA:sl hå;, myiqlà iemhSuhs' ta wkqj ksIamdok m%jdyhg yd wdrA:slh jeÆ†hqKq ls¯ug wod,

jkakdjQ .%däh uêgfà jeï wuqKq" ud._ b†ls¯à" fndalal= yd möfm<j,a b†ls¯à" .%däh i;sfmd<

ksIamdok wf,ë uOHia:dk" tl;= ls¯fà uOHia:dk" iuDoaò nexl= ix.à jeks fmd¥ wjYH;d imqrd,k

jHdmD;Ska 1999 jrAIh ;=< .%däh m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyk" j;= jHdmD;s jevigyk yd lÆkà .%däh

ixjrAOk jHdmD;s hgf;a l%shd;aul lrk ,°'

1995 isg 1999 jrAIh olajd isï wjqre¥ ld,h ;=, .%däh m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyk hgf;a ëh,s

l,dmSh jeï ixjrAOkh lsrSfà Y%u iQCIu jevigyk" .%däh iqÛ jdrsudrA. mqkre;a:dmk jevigyk

yd kshuq jHdmD;shla jYfhka f;dard.;a l,dm 218 l l%shd;aul l,dm ixjrAOk jevigyk" iuDoaò

nexl= yd l,dm ldrAhd, boslsrSà" jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj jeks jevigyka uÕska .%däh m%cdjf.a wjYH;d

18

imqrd,Sug lghq;= lr ;sfæ' ta wkqj 1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg m%cd jHdmD;s 45407 la ksulr we;s

w;r ta i|yd re'â,shk 1623'07 jeh lr ;sfæ' fà ms<sn| ëia;r j.= wxl 12 ys olajd we;' 1999

jrAIfha° wf.daia;= 15 †k wdràN lrk ,o iuDoaò lÆkà jHdmD;s 8094 la ksu lr we;s w;r" ta

i|yd re'msh,a â,shk 249'451 la wdfhdackh lr we;'

m%cd jHdmD;s f;dard .ekSfà° m%;s,dNSka yd iuDoaò n,ldh idlÄPd fldg m%foaYhg jvd;au M,odhS

jHdmD;sh f;dard .efka' fuu jHdmD;Ska 10] - 25] w;r m%cd odhl;ajh hgf;a is¥flfrA' jHdmD;s

b†èu m%dfhda.slj i,ld n,k ëg .%dähj l%shd;aul jk m%cd jHdmD;Ska i|yd m%cd odhl;ajh 25]

jvd by< uêgula mj;sk wjia:d olakg ,efnk w;r kd.Ñl m%foaYj, l%shd;auljk jHdmD;sj,

Y%u odhl;ajh wvq uêgul mj;S' m%cd jHdmD;sj, ;j;a ëfYaI;ajhla jkafka m%cd wjYH;djh u;

b†fjk jHdmD;Ska m%cdj ëiskau kv;a;= ls¯ug lghq;= fhdod ;sÉuhs'

1999 wf.daia;= 15 †k isg wdràN l< \rkafl;g †hjr\ .%däh ixjrAOk lÆkà jevigyk

ëfYaIfhkau miq.sh jir lSmh ;=< jHdmD;s l%shd;aul fkdjQ .%du ks,Od¯ jià i|yd jHdmD;s fn°

hkfia l%shd;aul lr we;' ta wkqj 1995 isg 1999 olajd by; jevigyka i|yd uqo,a wdfhdack

my; ±lafï'

m%cd jHdmD;s wdfhdackh 1995 -1999

j.= wxl 12

jrAIh osia;%sla f,alà

fldêGdY

m%d' f,a' fldêGdY

ixLHdj

wdfhdack

^re'â,shk&

ksâ jHdmD;s

ixLHdj

1995 18 235 114.06 11306

1996 18 235 210.52 11640

1997 18 235 562.54 11288

1998 21 283 373.50 6061

1999 21 283 362.45 5112

tl;=j 96 1271 1623.07 45407

.%däh m%cd jHdmD;s

.%däh m%cd jHdmD;s ixjrAOk jevigyfkys wruqKq jkqfha .%däh m%cdjf.a wjYH;d yákdf.k

ixjrAOkhg wod, wdrA:sl hå;, myiqlà iemhSuhs' ta wkqj 1999 jrAIfha re'â' 351'21 l m%;smdok

.%dâh m%cd jHdmD;s i|yd ,nd ° we;' wod, ëia;r j.= wxl 13 u.ska ±lafï'

19

.%däh m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyk - 1999

ûQ,H yd fN!;sl m%.;sh&

j.= wxl 13

†ia;%slal ixLHdj uQ,H m%.;sh fy!;sl m%.;sh

weia;fàka;=.;

uqo, re'â'

ksoyia l<

uqo, re'â

ksoyia l<

uqof,a m%;sY;h

wkqu;

jHdmD;s

ixLHdj

ksâ jHdmD;s

ixLHdj

ksul<

jHdmD;sj,

m%;sY;h

21 343'69 351'212 102 5112 4896 96]

.%däh m%cd jHdmD;s ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a 1999 jrAIh ;=< udrA. 2224 lao" jdÑudrA.

jHdmD;Ska 385 lao" c, iàmdok jHdmD;Ska 528 lao" lrAudka; yd fj<| jHdmD;s 257 lao"

f.dvkeÕs,s b†ls¯à 199 lao" fmd¥ myiqlà jHdmD;s 1368 lao" fjk;a jHdmD;s 151 lao b†lr we;'

fuu jHdmD;sj,ska m%;s,dN ,nk mjq,a ixLHdj 3256303 ls' wod, ëia;r weuqKqà wxl 01 ys ±lafï'

ta wkqj 1999 jrAIh ;=< ksulr we;s uqÛ jHdmD;s ixLHdj miq.sh jir j,g idfmaCIj ixLHd;aulj

wvqèula fmkakqà l<o nexl= ix.à" wf,ë f.dvkeÕs,s" l,dm ldrAhd, jeks ëYd, mÑudKfha jHdmD;s

b†Ñls¯à fuhg fya;= è we;' wod, ëia;r j.= wxl 14 ys ±lafï'

j.= wxl 14

m%cd jHdmD;s 1995-1998

jHdmD;s jrA.h 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

tl;=j

1' jdrsudrA." we,fï,s" wuqKq 1402 1048 1600 783 385 5218

2' fmd¥ <sx" lDIs <sx" l=vd m%udKfha

.=re;aj c, fhdackd l%u

3232 3488

1670

1151 528 10069

3' lDIs ksIamdokhg wod, m%jdyk

udrA." md,à" fndalal=" mÆfm<j,a

4794 6065

4907

2902 2224 20892

4' ksIamdok wf,ë uOHia:dk" tl;=

lsrSfà uOHia:dk f.dvkeÕs,s" fmd¥

myiqlà

844 863

563

1017 1824 5211

5' fjk;a 1034 176

2548

208 151 4117

tl;=j 11306 11640 11288 6061 5112 45507

2224

385528257

199

1368

151

udrA. jdÑudrA. c, iàmdok

lrAudka; yd fj<| f.dvkeÕs,s b†ls¯à fmd¥ myiqlà

fjk;a

20

by; .%däh m%cd jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯u ;=<ska osjhsfka wNdjhg hâka meje;s iqÛ jdrsudrA. jeï

wuqKq m%cd iyNd.s;ajh hgf;a kej; ia:dms; lsrSug yelshdj ,enqKdfiau fmd¥ lDIs <sx" mdkSh <sx yd

l=vd mrsudKfha .=re;aj c, fhdackd l%u uÕska kshx ld,hkaysoS Y+Ial m%foaYj,g we;sjk c, ysÕh

uÕyrjd .ekSugo yelsëh' iudchSh jYfhka tjeks myiqlà ,ndoSu fukau wdrA:sluh jYfhka

ksIamdok m%jrAOkhg wod, jkakdjQ .%däh uêgfà udrA. boslsrSà" fndalal= yd mÆfm<j,a boslsrSu

;=<ska fmd¥ck wjYH;djhka iemsrSu Wfoid uyÕ= odhl;ajhla ,ndoS we;' .%däh i;sfmd<j,a"

ksIamdok wf,ë uOHia:dk yd tl;= lsrSfà uOHia:dk jeks .%däh uêgug wod, jk w;HdjYH

hå;, myiqlà y¥kdf.k tajd M,odhs f,i boslroSug lghq;= lr we;s w;r tuÕska .%däh

ck;djf.a wdrA:sl yd iudc ;;a;ajh by< kexèu i|yd w.h l<hq;= odhl;ajhlao ,ndoS we;'

iuDoaò lÆkà ixjrAOk jevigyk

iuDoaò m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯fà° olakg ,enqKq idrA:l;ajh ie,ls,a,g f.k 1999

jrAIfha cd;sl whjeh f,aLKfhka ,ndfok ,o m%;smdok j,g w;sfrAlj \rkafl;g †hjr\ lÆkà

.%däh ixjrAOk jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd re'â' 251'96 l m%;smdok ,nd ° we;' ta wkqj l,dm

1000 la f;dard f.k ëfYaIfhka m%cd jHdmD;s l%shd;aul fkdjQ jià i|yd jHdmD;s fn° hkfia fuu

jevigyk l%shd;aul lr we;'

lÆkà ixjrAOk jevigyk 1999

ûQ,H yd fN!;sl m%.;sh&

j.= wxl 15 †ia;%slal ixLHdj uQ,H m%.;sh fy!;sl m%.;sh

weia;fàka;= uqo, re'â'

uqo,a ksoyia ls¯u re'â

m%;sY;h m%Odk jHdmD;s

ls%Svd mså

fjk;a uqÛ jHdmD;s .Kk

ksâ jHdmD;s

21 251.96 249.451 99 1068 1101 6603 8836 8094

fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd tla l,dmhlg re' 2"85"000 la fjkalr we;s w;r"

W;=re$kefÕkysr m<d;aj, iuDoaò l,dmhla i|yd tla l,dmhlg re' 1"00"000$- ne.ska fjka lrkq

,eÅK' niakdysr m<d;a iuDoaò l,dm i|yd tla l,dmhlg re' 1"50"000$- ne.ska m%;smdok fjka

385528

2224

1824

151

jdÑudrA." we,fï,s" wuqKq

fmd¥ <sx" lDIs <sx" l=vd m%udKfha .=re;aj c, fhdackd l%u

lDIs ksIamdokhg wod, m%jdyk udrA." md,à" fndalal=" mÆfm<j,a

ksIamdok wf,ë uOHia:dk" tl;= ls¯fà uOHia:dk f.dvkeÕs,s" fmd¥ myiqlà

fjk;a

21

lr° we;' l,dmhlg tla m%Odk jHdmD;shla" l%Svd mså 05la yd wfkl=;a l=vd uêgfà m%cd jHdmD;Ska

fà hgf;a l%shd;aul lrk ,°'

lÆkà .%däh ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a m%Odk jHdmD;Ska f,i jdÑ jHdmD;Ska 357 la" mdkSh c,

jHdmD;Ska 355 la yd wfkl=;a hå;, myiqlà jHdmD;s 576 la ksulr we;' tfukau l%Svd mså

ixjrAOkh hgf;a jHdmD;s 1101 la ksulr we;s w;r wfkl=;a jHdmD;s hgf;a jdÑudrA." we,fï,s"

wuqKq" lDIs <sx" fmd¥ <sx" l=vd mÑudKfha .=re;aj c, fhdackd l%u iy lDIs ksIamdokhg wod,

m%jdyk" udrA." md,à" fndalal=" mÆ fm<j,a 5805 la ksulr we;' ëia;r j.= wxl 16 ys ±lafï'

lÆkà ixjrAOk jHdmD;s jrA.SlrKh 1999

j.= wxl 16

jHdmD;s jrA.h ksâ jHdmD;s .Kk

1' m%Odk jHdmD;s

jdÑ 357

c, 355

fjk;a 576

2' l%Svd mså ixjrAOk 1001

3' wfkl=;a 5805

^jdÑudrA." we, fï,s wuqKq" fmd¥ <sx" lDIs <sx"

l=vd mÑudKfha .=re;aj c, fhdackd l%u&

tl;=j 8096

j;= l,dm ixjrAOk jevigyk uykqjr" ud;f,a" kqjrt<sh" n¥,a," fudKrd.," r;akmqrh hk osia;%slalj, jeë,s fCIa;%fha ksIamdokh yd ldrAhCIu;djh by< kexèu i|yd j;=j, mosxî os<s¥ ck;djg w;HdjYH jk hå;, myiqlà ,ndoSu wruqKq fldgf.k fuu jevigyk wrUd we;' 1999 jrAIh ;=< j;= l,dm ixjrAOk jevigyk i|yd re'â' 11'24 l m%;smdok ,nd ° we;' m %;smdok fjka lr we;s wdldrh j.= wxl 17 ys ±lafï'

j.= wxl 17

†ia;%slal ixLHdj uQ,H m%.;sh fN!;sl m%.;sh

fjka l<

uqo, re'â

ksl=;a l<

uqo, re'â

m%;sY;h wkqu;

jHdmD;s

weia;fàka;=

w;aika l<

ksâ jHdmD;s m%;sY;h

1288 1001

5805

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

m%Odk

jHdm

D;s

^jdÑ

" c,"

fjk;a&

l%Svd

mså

ixj

rAOk

wfkl=;a

22

06 11.24 11.24 100 224 223 224 100

j;= l,dm ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a f;dard .;a †ia;%slal 06 la ;=< jHdmD;s 224 la ksulr we;s w;r ta i|yd re'â' 11'18 la jehlr we;' ëia;r j.= wxl 18 ys ±lafï'

osia;%slalh fjkal< uqo,

re'â

ksul<

jHdmD;s

.Kk

iuDoaò wòldÑfhka

f.jd we;s uqo,

re'â

m%;s,dN ,nk

mjq,a ixLHdj

n¥,a, 1.46 45 1.460 5173

lE.,a, 2.29 39 2.290 1799

r;akmqr 2.91 55 2.910 6790

uykqjr 2.08 48 2.080 8605

ud;f,a 1.46 20 1.406 2225

kqjrt<sh 1.04 17 1.040 13965

tl;=j 11.24 224 11.18 38557

j;= jHdmD;s jevigyk hgf;a udrA. 93 lao" jdÑ jHdmD;s 21 lao" c, iàmdok jHdmD;s 61 lao" f;a oÛ tl;= ls¯fà uOHia:dk 02 lao" fjk;a f.dvkeÕs,s jrA. 43 lao" fmd¥ myiqlà jHdmD;s 02 la" fjk;a jHdmD;Ska 02 lao ksulr we;' fuuÕska m%;s,dN ,nk mjq,a ixLHdj 38557 ls'

3'3'4 jD;a;Sh mqyqKq jevigyk

iuDoaò m%;s,dNS mjq,aj, /lshd ërys; ;reK ;reKshkag M,odhS /lshd ,nd.ekSu i|yd wjYH jk

jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj ,nd°u iy tjeks jD;a;Sh mqyqKqèà ,nd.;a wh i|yd ijK yd iiK Kh

jevigyka hgf;a Kh ,nd° iajhx /lshd wdràN ls¯ug lghq;= ls¯u wruqKq fldgf.k †ia;%slal

18 l jD;a;Sh mqyqKq jevigyka l%shd;aul lr we;' cd;sl wdOqksl;aj yd ldrAâl mqyqKq ls¯fà

wòldÑh iuÕ taldnoaOj fuu jevigyka l%shd;aul flfrA' 1999 jrAIh ;=< fufia jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj

i|yd fhduql< ixLHdj 1385 la jQ w;r" jrAIh wjika jk ëg mqyqKqj wjika lr we;s ixLHdj

893 ls' 542 l= ±kg mqyqKqj ,nâka iså;s' mqyqKqj wjidkfha /lshd ,nd we;s ixLHdj 843 ls'

ëia;r weuqKqà wxl '''''''''' olajd we;'

3'3'5 iqÛ lrAudka; ixjrAOk jevigyk

iqÛ lrAudka;hkays kshe,s iuDoaò m%;s,dNS mjq,a ixëOdk.; lr Tjqkaf.a lrAudka; jvd;a M,odhsj

mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd wjYH ;dCIK iydh" fj<|fmd, iydh" m%d.aOk iydh ,ndoS tuÕska

Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wdodhà uêgu jeÆ oshqKq ls¯ug fuu jevigyk hgf;a lghq;= lr we;'

fuu jevigyk hgf;a l=vd lrAudka;lrejka 1819 fofkl= i|yd re'â' 3'221 l Kh uqo,la ,nd °

we;' wod, ëia;r weuqKqà wxl ''''''''''''''''' olajd we;'

iuDoaò Kh fhdackd l%u

iuDoaò iykdOdr,dNSkaf.a wdodhà W;amdok lghq;= iy Tjqkaf.a wfkl=;a Kh wjYH;d iems¯u

i|yd †h;afldg we;s Kh jevigyka hgf;a 1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg iuDoaò lÆkà Kh kshdul

23

jevigyk" iuDoaò ixjrAOk Kh jevigyk" iuDoaò jHjidhl;aj Kh jevigyk yd iuDoaò

l,an¥ Kh jevigyk l%shd;aul ëh'

lÆkà Kh kshdul jevigyk 1996 jrAIfha isg l%shd;aul jk w;r tuÕska mdÑfNda.sl$wdmod iy

ixjrAOk Kh jYfhka iykdOdr,dNSkag Kh ,nd°u is¥flfrA' 1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg mdÑfNda.sl

iy wdmod Kh 29013 la ,nd ° we;' tys jåkdlu re'â,shk 14'12 ls' ixjrAOk Kh 99503 la ,nd

° we;s w;r jåkdlu re' â,shk 94'61 ls' ta wkqj uqÛ Kh ,nd°à j,ska 23] la mdÑfNda.sl yd

wdmod Kho" 77] la ixjrAOk Kho fï' uqÛ Kh uqo, ie,ls,a,g .;aëg bka mdÑfNda.sl Kh f,i

13] lao" b;sÑ 87] l m%udKh ixjrAOk Kh f,io fmfka' fuu Kh jevigyfka idudkH w;sÑla;h

re'1990337'61 ls' fuh nexl=fjka ,nd.;a uqo,g jvd 124] l m%.;shla ,nd ° we;' jevigyk

l%shd;aul fldêGdY 26 ka 24 la tkà 92] la i;=gqodhl wkaoâka Kh ueèu is¥lr ;sfæ' fà jkëg

iuDoaò nexl= ix.à l%shd;aul è Kh ksl=;a ls¯à wrUd we;s fyhska" iykdOdr,dNSka ;u Kh

wjYH;d i|yd tu nexl= ix.à lrd fhduqèu;a iuÕ tu m%foaYj, lÆkà Kh kshdul

jevigyfkys wjYH;djh ySk fjâka mj;S'

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.a mjq,aj, wdodhà ;;a;ajh by< kxjd,Sug wjYH wdfhdack lghq;= i|yd Kh

,nd°ug iuDoaò ixjrAOk Kh jevigyk l%shd;aul lrwe;' ta i|yd fjka jQ uqo, re' â,shk 500

la fï' 1996 jrAIfha isg l%shd;aul jk fuu Kh fhdackd l%uh hgf;a ,ndfok WmÑu Kh uqo,

re'10"000la jk w;r wju uqo, re' 2500 ls' jdrAIsl fmd,S m%;sY;h 10] ls' m<uqjk w†hfrA Kh

idrA:lj f.jkq ,nk m%;s,dNSkag 1998 jrAIfha isg iiK fojk w†hr l%shd;aul lr we;' ta i|yd

fjkalrk ,o uqo, re' â,shk 86'96 ls' 1999 jrAIh i|yd fuu Kh jevigyk i|yd re'â'

'''''''''''''''''' l uqo,la fjkalrk ,°'

1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg iiK Kh 80152 la ,nd° we;' tajdfha uqÛ jåkdlu re' â,shk 491'82

ls' Kh ksl=;a ls¯fà m%;sY;h '''''''''] la jk w;r whèfà m%;sY;h 72'38] ls'

1998 jifrA whjeh fhdackd uÕska ls%hd;aul lrk ,o" iuDoaò jHjidhl;aj Kh jevigyfka

ëfYaI;ajh jkafka M,odhS wdfhdackj, fhfok Khlrejka yákd.ekSu yd Tjqkag jHjidhl

ixjrAOk mqyqKqjla ,nd°fuka miq Kh uqo,a ,nd°uhs' fà hgf;a ,ndfok wju uqo, re' 10"000la

jk w;r" WmÑu Kh uqo, re'50"000 ls' 1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg Kh 9238 la fà hgf;a ,nd°

we;s w;r" tajdfha jåkdlu re' â,shk 238'28ls' whè we;s uqo, re' â,shk 78'30 ls' whèfà

m%;sY;h 75] ls'

l,an¥ myiqlà jevigyk 1998 jrAIfha isg l%shd;aul jk w;r" b,lal lKavdhu jQfha iuDoaò

kshdulhskah' iuDoaò kshdulhska 5000 la w;r Kh ,nd°u bka wruqKq flÑKs' ;ks mqoa., wju

Kh uqo, re'75"000 yd WmÑu Kh uqo, re' 150"000 la fï' taldnoaO WmÑu Kh uqo, re' 300"000

ls' jdrAIsl fmd,S wkqmd;h 10]ls' W;=re" kef.kysr yer †jhsfka wfkla †ia;%slal 10 la ;=< fuu

jevigyk l%shd;aul lr we;s w;r l,an¥ jevigyk hgf;a ëëO hka;% 655 la ,nd ° we;' tajdfha

jåkdlu re' â,shk 156'54 ls' fà jkëg whè we;s uqo, remsh,a â,shk 11'80 jk w;r whèfà

m%;sY;h 54] ls' msgyså uqof,a jåkdlu remsh,a â,shk 144'78 ls'

24

lÆkà Kh kshdul jevigyk

¥mam;=kag we;sjk y†is Kh wjYH;d iems¯u i|yd \Kh kshdulhska\ m;afldg Tjqka,jd ¥mam;=kag

Kh ,nd°fà jevms<sfj,la kshuq mokula u; 1996 cQks udifha° †h;a lrk ,°' fuu jevigyk

m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY 40 l lÆkà Kh kshdulhska 400 la uÕska ls%hd;aul lrkq ,eÉh' ,xld

nexl=j yd uyck nexl=j tlaj fuu Kh l%uh l%shd;aul lrk ,o w;r fuu jevigyk i|yd fjka

lr we;s uqo, re' â,shk 3'3 ls' fuu Kh l%ufha fmd,S m%;sY;h uilg 5] jk w;r" bka 2] la

nexl=jgo" ;j;a 2]la kshdulgo" b;sÑ 1] y†is wdmod wruqo,go jYfhka whlr.kq ,efæ' fuu

jevigyk hgf;a ,xld nexl=fjka yd uyck nexl=fjka uqo,a ,ndf.k we;s whqre my; ±lafï'

nexl=fjka ,nd.;a uqo,a

j.= wxl 19

nexl=j 1996 1997 1998 1999

,xld nexl=j 1712477.86 1138937.34 1274013.91 801046.96

uyck nexl=j 1641151.52 1340797.43 1062622.36 809535.27

3353629.38 2479734.77 2336636.27 1610582.23

fuuÕska ,nd ° we;s Kh m%udKhka yd uqo,a my; j.=fï ±lafjk w;r Kh ixhq;sh my; rEm

igyfka ±lafï'

lÆkà Kh jevigyk hgf;a Kh ,nd°u

j.= wxl 20

Kh jrA.h 1996 1997 1998 1999

ixLHdj ,ndoS we;s uqÛ uqo, re'â'




mdrsfNda.sl - wdmod 6024 2.92 16639 7.60 23565 11.21 29013 14.13

ixjrAOk 16498 15.26 42938 39.46 71352 67.20 99503 94.61

tl;=j 22522 18.18 59577 47.06 94917 78.41 128516 108.74

fuu jevigyk hgf;a 1999 jrAIfha° ,nd ° ;snQ uqÛ Kh m%udKh re' â,shk 108'74 ls' âka 87]

ixjrAOk Kh jQ w;r b;sÑ 13] mdÑfNda.sl yd wdmod Kh ëh' fuu ;;a;ajh rEm igyka wxl

07 ka meye†,sj olajd we;'

25

rEm igyka wxl 07

lÆkà Kh jevigyk hgf;a ta ta jrAIj,° Kh ,nd° we;s whqre

fuf;la ksl=;alr we;s Kh j,ska fmd,sh yer whèug we;s uqo, re' â,shk 3'56 la jk w;r" Kh

kshdulhska w;/|s uqo, re' 45163'61 ls' uqÛ meyer ye¯àj, tl;=j re'58950 ls' fuh whlr

.ekSug we;s uqo,ska 1'66] ls' ;;a;ajh fufia jqj;a fuu jevigyk uÕska re' â,shk 1'99 l

w;sÑla;hla ckkh lr we;' tkà fuh nexl=fjka ,nd.;a uqo,g jvd 124] l w;sÑla;hla fï'

fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul fldêGdY 26 ka 24 lu tkà 92] l Kh jevigyk i;=gqodhlj

l%shd;aul lr we;' fuu Kh jevigyfka m%.;sh jdrAIslj j.= wxl 21 ys ±lafï'

lÆkà Kh kshdul jevigyfka m%.;sh ^1996 - 1999&

j.= wxl 21

1996 1997 1998 1999 1. ksl=;a l< Khj,ska whlr .ekSug

we;s uqo, ^fmd<sh yer&

3372407.00 2999293.60 3539964.25 3555719.23

2. Kh kshdulhska w;/|s uqo, 160458.94 94912.08 99713.19 45163.61

3. whlr .ekSug m%udo jQ uqo,aj,

jåkdlu

udi 03 g wvq

udi 03 g jeÆ

136256.00

43972.00

60743.50

12549.00

68720.00

22950.00

29300.00

29650.00

1996

ixjrAOk84%

mdÑfNda.sl $wdmod

16%

1997

ixjrAOk84%

mdÑfNda.sl $wdmod

16%

1998

ixjrAOk86%

mdÑfNda.sl$ wdmod14%

1999

ixjrAOk87%

mdÑfNda.sl $wdmod

13%

26

tl;=j 180228.00 73292.50 91670.00 58950.00

4. '''''' ,o idudkH w;sÑla;h 179236.00 614471.00 1303041.17 1990337.61

jevigyk l%shd;aul èu ^fldêGdY& 21/40 30/33 28/31 24/26

m%.;sh ^nexl=fjka .;a uqo,g jvd & 05.3% 24.8% 52% 124%

Kh jevigyk l%shd;aul èfà m%.;sh 53% 90.9% 90.32% 92%

iuDoaò ixjrAOk Kh jevigyk îiK&

iuDoaò iykdOdr,dNSkaf.a mjq,aj, wdodhà uêgu by< kexèu ;=<ska Tjqkaf.a cSjk ;;a;ajh jeÆ

†hqKq ls¯u i|yd fuu Kh jevigyk l%shd;aul fldg we;' fuu jevigyk ,xld nexl=j" uyck

nexl=j iuÕ tlaj W;=re" kefÕkysr m<d;a yer †jhsfka wfkl=;a ishÛu m<d;aj,g wh;a m%dfoaYsh

f,alà fldêGdYj, l%shd;aul lrkq ,efæ' thg wu;rj wàmdr †ia;%slalfha foysw;a;lKaÆh"

m†h;,dj" uyTh" wâmdr" Wyk" ouk iy ,dyq., hk m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY ;=<o l%shd;aul

fï'

fuu Kh l%uh iuDoaò n,ldh 12141 la ;=< l%shd;aul fï' tla n,ld m%foaYhl Kh ,nd°u i|yd

re' 41500$- la fjka lr we;' ,xld nexl=jg re' o',CI 250la iy uyck nexl=jg re' o,CI 250

la jYfhka re'â' 500 la fuujevigyk i|yd fjka lr we;' tla Kh uqo,l WmÑu iSudj

re'10000$- jk w;r" wjuh re' 2500$- ls' Kh uqo, i|yd fmd,S wkqmd;h jirlg 10]ls' iq/l=à

fkdue;sj Kh ,ndfokq ,nk w;r" iEu Khlgu iuDoaò iykdOdr,dNshl= yjq,a Kh lrejl= f,i

fhdod .ekSu iq/l=ula fia i,lkq ,efæ' 1997 jrAIh wjidk jkëg ;snQ Kh whèfà m%;sY;h

mokà lr iiK fojk w†hr l%shd;aul lrk ,°' Kh whèfà m%;sY;h 50] blaujQ ishÛu

m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYj,g fojk w†hr hgf;ao Kh ,nd fok ,°' fojk w†hr hgf;a Kh

,nd°u i|yd uqo,a fjkalr we;af;a n,ldh wkqj fkdj m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY mokà lrf.kh'

fojk w†hfrA Kh ,nd°u i|yd ,xld nexl=jg re' â,shk 52'11 la o uyck nexl=jg re' â,shk

34'85 lao ,nd° we;'

iiK jevigyk hgf;a 1999 jrAIh wjidk jk ëg ,xld nexl=j yd uyck nexl=j taldnoaOj

ksl=;a l< Kh ixLHdj 80152 la jk w;r" tajdfha jåkdlu re' â,shk 491'82 ls' fuu jrAIfha

Kh ,nd°fà m%;sY;h ''''''''''''''''''''] la jk w;r" whèfà m%;sY;h 72'38] ls' ta ms<sn| ëia;r j.=

wxl '''''''' ys ±lafï' 1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg fuu jevigyfka m%.;sh †ia;%sla jYfhka weuqKqà

wxl '''''''''' ys ±lafï'

j.= wxl 22

jrAIh fjkalrk ,o uqÛ Kh

uqo, ^re'â'&

,ndoS we;s Kh uqo, ^re'â'&

,ndoS we;s uqÛ Kh ixLHdj

Kh ,ndoSfà m%;sY;h

Kh wdmiq whèfà m%;sY;h

meyeryeÑ $ msgyså Kh m%;sY;h

1997 505.43 425.23 72740 84% 59 % 22%

1998 592.39 456.83 77357 77% 66 % 59%

1999 - 491.82 80152 - 72% 78%

1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg ksl=;a l< Kh jåkdlu yd whè we;s uqo, †ia;%slal wkqj rEm igyka wxl '''''''''

ys ±lafï'

27

iuDoaò jHjidhl;aj Kh jevigyk îjK&

iuDoaò iykdOdr,dNS mjq,aj,g kj wdodhà W;amdok jHdmdr wdràN ls¯ug iy ±kg Tjqka ëiska

lrf.k hkq ,nk wdrA:sl lghq;= mqÛ,a ls¯u i|yd 1998 whjeh fhdackd uÕska fuu Kh

jevigyk l%shd;aul lrk ,°'

iuDoaò iykdOdr,dNSka iajhx /lshd i|yd fhduq ls¯ug wjYH wruqo,a imhd ° Tjqka ;=<

jHjidhl;aj l=i,;d †hqKq fldg Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, „jk ;;a;ajh hym;a ;;a;ajhlg m;als¯u fuu

Kh jevigyfka uQ,sl wruqK fï' iuDoaò kshdulhska yd l<uKdlrejka Kh whlr .ekSà iy

idrA:lj jHdmdr mj;ajdf.k hdu ms<sn|j miqëmrà lghq;= bgq lr;s'

fuu jevigyk ,xld nexl=j yd uyck nexl=j uÕska W;=re" kef.kysr †ia;%slalj, yer †jhsfka

ishÛu m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYj, l%shd;aul flfrA' tfia jqjo wàmdr †ia;%slalfha foysw;a;lKaÆh"

m†h;,dj" uyTh" wàmdr" Wyk" ouk iy ,dyq., hk m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY ;=<o fuu

jevigyk ls%hd;aul fï' M,odhS wdfhdaclhka i|yd muKla fuu Kh uqo, ,ndfokq ,nk w;r"

Kh ,nd°ug fmr Kh,dNSkag jHjidhl;aj ixjrAOk mqyqKqjlao ,ndfokq ,efæ'

fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul jk m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY ixLHdj Wm ldrAhd,o we;=Ûj 236 la jk

w;r" nexl= fol iuÕ tlÕ jQ wdldrhg Kh ,nd °u i|yd re'â' 295 la fjkalr we;'

fuu Kh jevigyk hgf;a ,ndfok wju uqo, re' 10"000 la jk w;r" WmÑu Kh uqo,

re'50"000ls' fmd,S wkqmd;h jirlg 10] ls' iq/l=à f,i ;j;a iuDoaò m%;s,dNsfhl= yjq,a

Khlrefjl= f,i fhdod .ekSu muKla is¥ lrkq ,efæ'

0

10000000

20000000

30000000

40000000

50000000

60000000

70000000fl

d<U

.àmy

lÛ

;r

.d,

a,

ud;

r

yànk

af;

dg

r;

akmqr

lE.

,a,

uy

kqjr

ud;

f,a

kqjrt<sh

l=reK

E.,

mq;

a;,u

n¥,a,

fudK

rd.

,

wk

qrdO

mqr

fmdf

<dk

akrej

wàmdr

uqo, ^

re&

ksl=;a l< Kh uqo, whè we;s uqo,

28

Kh wdmiq f.èfà° re'20"000 olajd ,ndfok Kh f.èfà WmÑu ld,h udi 24 la jk w;r"

re'20"000 - 30"000 w;r Kh f.èfà WmÑu ld,h udi 30 lao" re' 30"000-50"000 w;r Kh

f.èfà WmÑu ld,h udi 36 lao" fï' ijK jevigyk hgf;a 1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg ,xld

nexl=j yd uyck nexl=j taldnoaOj ksl=;al< Kh ixLHdj 9238 ls' tys jåkdlu re' â,shk 238'28

la jQ w;r fà jkëg whè we;s uqo, re' â,shk 78'30 ls' whèfà m%;sY;h 75] la jk w;r

meyer yeÑ iy msgyså Kh m%;sY;h 17] ls' ta ms<sn| ëia;r my; j.= wxl '''''''''''''' ys iy

weuqKqà wxl ''''''''''' ys olajd we;'

j.= wxl 23 jrAIh mqyqKq,dNSka

ixLHdj fjkalrk

,o uqÛ Kh uqo, re'â'

,nd° we;s Kh uqo,

re'â

,nd ° we;s uqÛ Kh ixLHdj

Kh ,nd°fà m%;sY;h

Kh wdmiq whèfà m%;sY;h

meyeryeÑ$ msgyså Kh m%;sY;h

1998 8720 149.592 132.147 5368 88% 98% 1%

1999 10980 149.592 238.284 9238 80% 75% 17%

1999 jrAIh wjidk jkëg iuDoaò jHdjidhl;aj Kh jevigyk hgf;a ksl=;a l< Kh uqo, yd

whè we;s Kh uqo, †ia;%sla jYfhka rEm igyka wxl '''''' ys ±lafï'

iuDoaò l,an¥ myiqlà jevigyk

1998 jrAIfha isg l%shd;aul jk fuu jevigyk hgf;a myiqlà iemhSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk b,lal

lKavdhug kshdulhska 5000 la muK wh;afï' fuu b,lal lKavdhfuys wdodhà ;;a;ajh by<

±äu yd kj uQ,H myiqlà iànkaO ±Kqula yd wjfndaOhla Tjqkag ,nd° ta ;=<ska i;=gqodhl

wdodhula ,nd .ekSug bv m%ia:d ie,iSu fuu jevigyfka uQ,sl wruqK fï'

fuu jevigyk iSudiys; mSm,aia ,Sisx iud.u iuÕ taldnoaOj l%shd;aul flfrk w;r fà i|yd

fjka lr we;s uqo, re'â' 300 ls' wdodhà jeÆlr .ekSfà mokula u; lghq;= lrk jHdmD;s i|yd

my; ±lafjk j;alà â,° .ekSug fuuÕska myiqlà ie,fia' tajd w;r ;%S frdao r:" frdao fofla

w;a g%elagrA iy fê%,rA" ¥rl:k" *elaia hka;%" Pdhd msgm;a hka;%" rEmjdyskS" èÆfhda hka;%" uyck

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

30000000

35000000

40000000

fl

d<U

.àmy

lÛ

;r

.d,

a,

ud;

r

yànk

af;

dg

r;

akmqr

lE.

,a,

uy

kqjr

ud;

f,a

kqjrt<sh

l=reK

E.,

mq;

a;,u

n¥,a,

fudK

rd.

,

wk

qrdO

mqrh

fmdf

<dk

akrej

wàmdr

uqo, ^

re&

ksl=;a l, Kh uqo, whè we;s uqo,

29

weu;=à hka;%" leurd" YS;lrK" wòYS;lrK" fr† nE.a iy im;a;= uyk ueIska" cqlS ueIska" ueKsla

lemSfà hka;% yd Tm ±äfà hka;%" lDIs ldrAâl hka;% yd wdàmkak" ûjr lghq;= i|yd wjYH

fndaêgq wekacska yd WmlrK" .,a lvk hka;% we;=Û l=vd lrAudka; i|yd Ndë;d lrk hka;% yd

WmlrK wd†h fï'

fuu jevigyk hgf;a Kh myqilà ,nd°u ;ks mqoa.,hl=g" noaOj yd lKavdhà jYfhkao is¥

flfrA' ;ks mqoa.,hl=g ,nd fok wju Kh uqo, re'75"000$- la jk w;r" WmÑu uqo, re'

150"000$- la fï' noaOj re' 150"000$- olajdo" lKavdhà i|yd re'300"000 olajdo myiqlà i,ikq

,efæ' jirlg idudkH fmd,S wkqmd;h 10] ls' Kh f.èfà ld,h WmÑu udi 48 ls' ta ta NdKav

wkqj yd jHdmD;sfhka Wmojk wdodhu u; wdmiq f.èfà ld,h fjkia fï'

1999 jrAIh wjika jkëg NdKav 672 la ksl=;a lr we;s w;r tys jåkdlu re' â,shk 156'54 ls'

fà jkëg bka whè we;s uqo, re' â,shk 11'80 la jk w;r whèfà m%;sY;h 54] ls' 1998

jrAIhg idfmaCIj n,k ëg whèfà m%;sY;h jrAOkh è we;'

l,an¥ Kh myiqlà ,nd°u

j.= wxl 24

jrAIh NdKav ixLHdj

whëh hq;= uqo, ^re'&

whëh hq;= jdrsl

jåkdlu ^re'&

whjQ jdrsl jåkdlu ^re'&

msgyså uqo, ^re'&

whèfà m%;sY;h

1998 508 121873424 4242690 2139270 119734154 50%

1999 672 156543684 21513481 11800778 144780194 54%

1999 jrAIh wjika jk ëg l,an¥ myiqlà imhd we;s wdldrh osia;%sla jYfhka j.= wxl 24 ys

oelafï'

j.= wxl 25

wxlh †ia;%sl alh NdKav ixLHdj

whëh hq;= uqo,

whëh hq;= jdÑl jåkdlu ^re&

whjQ jdÑl jåkdlu

msåysg uqo, whèfà m%;sY;h

fld<U 5 1088784 46582 28116 1060668 60.36

.àmy 4 1020240 78603 - 1020240

lÛ;r 103 22967736 3337170 1941037 21026699 58.16

.d,a, 5 1382892 - - 1382892

ud;r 2 407100 18132 - 407100

r;akmqr 6 1224072 163787 85700 1138372 52.32

lE.,a, 115 25715424 3386997 1545898 24169526 45.64

ud;f,a 46 11987676 1300232 741424 11246252 57.02

kqjrt<sh 168 35362296 4134126 1853704 33508592 44.84

l=reKE., 1 219456 - - 219456

mq;a;,u 134 35917956 5386794 3203681 32714275 59.47

fudKrd., 22 5986704 1030112 577164 5409540 56.03

wkqrdOmqrh 1 209016 26127 8709 200307 33.33

fmdf<dkakrej 60 13054332 - - 13054332

tl;=j 672 156543684 18908662 9985433 146558251

30

3'5 iuDoaò nexl= ix.à

.%däh †<sá ck;djf.a b;sÑls¯à jrAOkh uÕska wdfhdack Yla;sh jeÆls¯u" Tjqkag wjYH Kh

myiqlà ,nd°u" Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok Yla;sh by< kxjd wdodhà udrA. ,nd°u hk wruqKq iys;j fuu

nexl= ix.à jevigyk 1996 jifrA° wdràN lrk ,°'

01' iuDoaò nexl= ix.à l%shdld¯;ajh

1999 jir wjika jkëg w†hr 6 lg wh;a nexl= ix.à 848 la l%shd;aul w;r 1999 jifrA°

muKla wÛf;ka l%shd;aul jQ nexl= ix.à .Kk 409 ls'

wkqu; yd l%shd;aul nexl= ix.à ixLHdj

1997 - 1999

w†hr wkqu; ixLHdj l%shd;aul ixLHdj

1997 1998 1999 m%;sY;h

m<uq 125 125 125 125 100

fojk 136 136 136 136 100

;=kajk 178 - 178 178 100

y;rjk 190 - - 190 100

miajk 119 - - 90 76

yhjk 260 - - 129 50

tl;=j 1008 261 439 848 84

02' nexl= ix.à idud‚l;ajh

1999 jir wjika jkëg w†hr 6 lg wh;a nexl= ix.à 848 l idud‚l iuqÄî;h 1205480 la ëh'

bka 60] la ia;%Ska jQ w;r 40] la mqreIhska ëh' nexl= ix.uhl idudkH idud‚l ixLHdj 1422 la

muK fï'

1999 jir ;=< muKla tl;= jQ uqÛ idud‚l ixLHdj 593417 la jk w;r bka 58] la ia;%Ska jQ w;r

42] la mqreIhska ëh' fuu jifrA nexl= ix.uhlg tl;= jQ idudkH idud‚l ixLHdj 700 la muK

fï'

nexl= ix.à 848 uqÛ idudcsl ixLHdj

1997 - 1999

j.= wxl 23

idudcsl;ajh 1997 1998 1999 iuqÄî;h

ixLHdj m%;sY;h ixLHdj m%;sY;h ixLHdj m%;sY;h ixLHdj m%;sY;h

ia;%S 174314 64 200489 64 343556 58 718359 60

mqreI 93470 36 143790 36 249861 42 487121 40

tl;=j 267784 100 344279 100 593417 100 1205480 100

31

03' fldgia uqo,a

1999 jir wjika jkëg ishÛu nexl= ix.à ;=< re'â,shk 573 l fldgia uqo,la ëh' 1999 jifrA°

muKla tl;= jQ fldgia uqo,a m%udKh re'â,shk 321 la ëh' fuu 1998 jir idfmaCIj 91] l by<

hduls' fuhg m%Odk fya;=j fuu jir ;=< wÛf;ka nexl= ix.à wdràN ls¯uhs'

iuia: fldgia uqo,a

1997 - 1999

re'â,shk

fldgia

uqo,a

1997 1998 1999 iuqÄî;h

jåkdlu ] jåkdlu ] jåkdlu ] jåkdlu ]

ia;%S 55.49 67 103.75 62 199.21 62 358.45 63

mqreI 27.79 33 64.69 38 122.03 38 214.51 37

tl;=j 83.28 100 168.44 100 321.24 100 572.96 100

04' b;sÑ ls¯fà ;ekam;=

<ud" †Ñhud;d" idud‚l" idud‚l fkdjk iy iuQy b;=reà f,i .sKqà jrA. 5la we;' 1998 jir

wjika jkëg 372147 l ;ekam;= m%udKhla mej;s w;r tajdfha jåkdlu re'â,shk 189'21 la ëh'

1999 jifrA° muKla ;ekam;= 104307 lska re'â,shk 568'21 la tl;= ëh'

;ekam;=

jrA.h

1997 1998 1999 tl;=j ixLHdj ] jåkdlu ] ixLHdj ] jåkdlu ] ixLHdj ] jåkdlu ] ixLHdj ] jåkdlu ]

idud‚l 70621 52 19.76 40 110474 54 38.4 27 588496 56 300.29 52 769591 54 358.45 47

<ud 29285 22 3.74 8 46725 20 7.27 5 306507 29 35.58 6 382517 27 46.59 6

osÑhud;d 7804 6 3.25 7 15795 8 8.88 6 44945 4 20.63 4 68544 5 32.77 4

idud‚l fkdjk 5023 4 4.22 8 13456 6 9.42 7 25036 2 27.90 5 43515 3 41.54 5

iuQy 22533 16 18.22 37 50431 12 76.05 54 78090 7 183.81 32 151054 11 278.43 37

tl;=j 135266 100 49.19 100 236881 100 140.02 100 1043074 100 568.21 100 100 757.43 100

iuia: fldgia uqo,a jåkdlu^remsh,a â,shk&

83.28

168.44321.24

1997 1998 1999

32

05' iuia: wruqo,a m%udKh

1998jir wjidkfha° nexl= ix.à ;=< talrdYS lrk ,o wruqo,a m%udKh ^j;alà& re' â,shk 441 la

jQ w;r 1999 jifrA° muKla tl;=jQ j;alà m%udKh re' â,shk 889 la ëh' fuh 1998 jirg

idfmaCIj 188] l jeÆèuls'

talrdYS lrk ,o iuia: wruqo,a

1997-1999

jrAIh nexl= ix.à w†hr tl;=j

i ii iii iv v vi

1997 106.59 25.89 - - - - 132.48

1998 99.40 92.21 116.80 - - - 308.41

1999 150.51 167.77 207.42 218.77 48.24 96.69 889.40

tl;=j 356.50 285.87 324.22 218.77 48.24 96.69 1330.29

06' nexl= ix.à Kh ksl=;a ls¯u

lDIsldrAâl" mÑfNdack" iajhx /lshd" ûjr yd i;a;aj md,k" wdmod f,i Kh ksl=;a lrhs'

1998 jifrA° fuu Kh°u i, ii, iii w†hrj, nexl= ix.à Kh ksl=;a lrk ,°' fuu jifrA° ksl=;a

l< uqÛ Kh ixLHdj 70692 ls' tajdfha uqÛ jåkdlu re' â,shk 236'16 ls'

1999 jifrA° ¥ka uqÛ Kh ixLHdj 136379 ls' fuu Kh m%udKh 1998 jir idfmaCIj 93] l

jeÆèuls'

33

iuDoaò nexl= ix.à j,ska ksl=;a l< uqÛ Kh

1998 - 1999

re'â,shk

1998 1999 tl;=j

ixLHdj jåkdlu ixLHdj jåkdlu ixLHdj jåkdlu

,o wh¥àm;a ixLHdj 73550 - 149935 - 223485

wkqu; jQ Kh 70992 258.05 142967 713.55 213595 971.6

ksl=;a l< Kh 67786 236.16 136379 695.67 204165 931.83

msgyså Kh - 151.98 - 359.80 - 511.78

meyer yeÑ Kh 3004 3.33 7577 14.70 10581 18.03

whèfà m%;sY;h - 96% - 104% - 102%

07' nexl= ix.à wdfhdack

1999 jir wjika jkëg ishÛu nexl= ix.àj, re' â,shk 1464 l j;alà m%udKhla jdrA;d jQ w;r

th 1998 jirg idfmaCIj re' â,shk 1024 l jeÆèuls'

nexl= ix.à i;= iuia: j;alà yd wdfhdack

1998 - 1999

re' â,shk

ffM;uh 1998 1999 tl;=j

jåkdlu ] jåkdlu ] jåkdlu ]

NdKavd.dr Å,am;a 177.61 40 382.20 37 559.80 38

b;=reà ;ekam;a 85.27 19 151.82 15 237.10 16

cx.u ;ekam;a 21.72 5 107.26 10 128.99 9

w; b;sÑ uqo,a 3.58 1 17.00 2 20.49 1

msgyså Kh 158.91 35 365.58 36 517.56 35

tl;=j 440.17 100 1023.78 100 1463.90 100

34

lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk

01' ye|skaèu

iuDoaò iykdOdr ,nk â,shk 1'9 la muK m%;s,dNS mjq,a j,ska 80] la muK iDcqju

lDIslrAudka;fhys kshef,k w;r ;j;a 10] la muK lDIs wdY%s; lrAudka;j, ksr;jk njg 1997

jrAIfha †ia;%slal 18 l f;dard .kakd ,o l,dm 18 l lrk ,o iäCIKhlg wkqj fmkS f.dia we;'

thg wu;rj iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.ka 70] lg muK j.dl< yels f.j;= ;sfnk w;r Tjqkaf.ka 25]

lg muK f.j;a;g wu;rj fjk;a bvào we;' tfukau ¥mam;=kaf.ka nyq;rh" fndfydaëg 3$4 lau

ish „jfkdamdh imhd .kafka lDIslrAudka;h ;=<sks' fà wkqj n,k l, †<sálu msgq±lSu i|yd

iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a lDIs ixjrAOk lghq;= i|yd uQ,sl ;ekla ysâfï'

02' wruqKq

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.a f.j;= ixjrAOkh ls¯u ;=<ska Tjqkaf.a wdydr i|yd hk ëhou wvqlr „jk

;;a;ajh Wiia lsÑu yd ta ;=<ska ukaofmdaIK ;;a;ajhka wvqlr ksfrda.Su;a" Yla;sula ck;djla

Åysls¯u

iqÛ mÑudK f.dë;efkys ksr;jk ishÛu iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkag kj ëoHd;aul" ;dCIKsl l%u

yákajd°u ;=<ska lDIs ksIamdok i|yd jeh jk ëhou wvqlr ,dn ,nd.ekSfà ;;a;ajhg f.k tau

iajhx /lshd i|yd wjYH ±Kqu" l=Y,;d iy wdl,am jeÆ †hqKq ls¯u yd ta i|yd wjYH

myiqlà ,nd°u uÕska lDIs wdY%s; lrAudka; we;slr Tjqkag /lshd wjia:d we;slr,Su

wdrA:sl jåkdlâka hq;a rela frdamKh ls¯u ;=<ska „j;a èug yd j.d ls¯ug ys;lr mÑirhla

f.dvke.Su yd wdrA:sl m%;s,dN ,nd.ekSug wjia:d we;sls¯u'

†fkka †k wjOdkfhka wE;ajk lDIsldrAâl" wdrA:sl yd T!IO j.djka jeÆ jeÆfhka wdràN ls¯u

i|yd m%;s,dNSka ±Kqj;a ls¯u

nexl= ix.à i;= iuia: j;alà jåkdlu ^remsh,a â,shk&

440.17

1023.78

1998 1999

35

m<d;a" †ia;%sla yd m%dfoaYSh uêgfuka rdcH ixia:d" uKav,j, iydh fiajd moaO;sho tjeks uêgà

;=< l%shd;auljk rdcH fkdjk ixëOdkj, iyNd.S;ajho iuDoaò lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk yd

taldnoaO lr .ekSu

by; i|yka wruqKq uq¥ka muqkqjd,Su i|yd 1999 jrAIh ;=< lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk uÕska m%Odk

jYfhka f.j;= j.d jevigyk" mdÑiÑl rela frdamK jevigyk" ëfYaI lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk

yd lDIs mqyqKq yd ±Kqj;a ls¯fà jevigyka †ia;%sla uêgâka l%shd;aul lr we;'

03' f.j;= j.d jevigyk

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.ka 70] lg muK ixjrAOkh l<yels f.j;= we;s neëka fuu f.j;= ixjrAOkh

ls¯u ;=<ska Tjqkaf.a t†fkod wdydr i|yd hk ëhou wvq lr .; yel' Tjqkag iunr wdydr fï,la

,nd.ekSug wjia:dj Wodèu ksid ukao fmdaIK ;;a;ajfhka â° ksfrda.Sj ;u ldrAhhkays ksr;èug

wjia:dj Wodjkq we;' ridhksl øjHhkaf.ka neyerj ël,am m<sfndaO md,k l%u yd ldnksl fmdfydr

fhdod .ekSug fhduq ls¯u ;=<ska ksIamdok ëhou wvq lrk w;r ëI øjHhka wdydrhg tla èuo

j,lajd .; yel' ta wkqj iuDoaò f.j;= j.d jevigyk hgf;a me, ;jdka we;sls¯u" j.d lrejkag

wjYH ±Kqu ,nd°u" m%;s,dNSkaf.a f.j;= ixjrAOkh ls¯u yd f.j;= j.d ;rÕ meje;aèu is¥flfrA'

fà wkqj f.j;= j.d jHdmD;sh hgf;a 1999 jifrA wdràN ls¯ug ie,iqà lr ;snQ me, ;jdka 250

ka wdràN lr ;snQ kj me, ;jdka .Kk 384 la jQ w;r th ishhg 154 l m%.;shls' äg wu;rj

1999 jifrA ixjrAOkh ls¯ug ie,iqà lr ;snQ f.j;= 13000 ka jir wjidk jkëg f.j;= 2765 la

ixjrAOkh lr ;snqKq w;r th 22] l m%.;shls' iuDoaò f.j;= j.d jHdmD;sfha me, ;jdka yd

ixjrAOkh lrk ,o me, ;jdka jHdmD;Ska u.ska m%;s,dN ,nk mjq,a ixLHdj 19513 ls' tfukau

f.j;= j.d jHdmD;sh hgf;a 1999 jrAIfha b,lal lr ;snQ f.j;= j.d ;rÕ 300 ka 125 la mj;ajd

;snqKs' th 42] l m%.;shls' iuia:hla jYfhka 1999 jrAIfha f.j;= j.d jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul ls¯u

i|yd re' â' 1'3 l uqo,la wdfhdackh lr ;snqKs'

04' mdÑiÑl rdla frdamK jevigyk

Y%S ,xldfï †km;d is¥jk jk ëkdYh ksid wvqèf.k hk jk iàm;a iqrlSu w;HjYH ldrKhla è

we;' jk ëkdYh ksid ±j iemhqu ëYd, f,i wvqèu" mi fidaod hdu iy mi ksireèu" c, iemhqà

wl%uj;a èu yd ksr; c, .e,Sà we;sèu is¥fï' lDIsldrAâl fnda. j.djka l<yels jkqfhao mfia

irenj /l.ekSfuks' c,Odrd m%foaY ixrCIKh ls¯uo" mÑirfha ;=,kd;aulNdjh mj;ajdf.k hd

yelaflao .iaje,a j,g muKs' fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a b;sÑj we;s jk iàm; wdrlaId lr .ekSfuka

bv we;s iEu Åulu m%fhdackj;a .ila isgqèu wjYHj we;' äg wu;rj „j;aèug ys;lr isis,a

mÑirhla fukau wdydr jrA." or" i;a;aj wdydr yd T!IO jrA. yd fldams" flfi,a" w,s.eg fmar yd

fjk;a uqo,a fnda. rdYshlao jrAIh mqrdu ,nd.ekSug yelsjkq we;'

36

fà wkqj iuDoaò mdÑiÑl rela frdamK jevigyk uÕska ëëO jevigyka l%shd;aul lr we;' miq.sh

jir y;r ;=< fukau fuu jHdmD;sh hgf;a 1999 jir ;=< ëëO me, jrA. 394721 la isgqjd ;snqKs'

fuh jir ;=, isgqèug ie,iqà lr ;snQ me, â,shk 4 yd ii|d ne,Sfà° b;d wvq m%.;shla fmkajhs'

fà i|yd re' â' 0'65 l uqo,la wdfhdackh lr ;snQ w;r fuu jHdmD;sh uÕska m%;s,dNS mjq,a 56631

lg fi; ie,iS we;'

05' ëfYaI lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.a wdrA:sl jrAOkh i|yd iajhx /lshd wjia:d we;sls¯u fuu jevigyfka uQ,sl

wruqK fï' fuuÕska m%foaYfha iàm;a ukdf,i Wmfhda.S lr fj<|fmd,g iq¥iq mÑ† ieliSfuka kj

jåkdlà tl;= lr fj<|fmd,g b†Ñm;a flfrA' fuu ëfYaI jHdmD;Ska uÕska ;u ksIamdok i|yd

;rÕld¯;ajh ;=<ska idOdrK â<la ,nd.ekSu yd ±kg fj<| fmd, mj;sk taldòldrh ksid

f.dëhdg uqyqK mEug is¥jk widOdrKhkaf.ka â°ug yelshdj ,efnkq we; tfukau idudkH

jHdmdÑl ±Kqula we;s .%däh ;reK ;reKshkag iajhx jHdmdrhla jYfhka keÕS isçugo wjia:djka

Wodjk w;r tu jHdmD;Ska fjk;a jHdmD;Ska wdràN ls¯ug ±Kqu ,ndfok wdorAYhlao fï'

fà wkqj iuDoaò ëfYaI lDIs ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a 1999 jrAIfha wdràN ls¯ug ie,iqà lr

;snQ ëfYaI lDIs jHdmD;Ska 21 ka wdràN lr ;snQfKa ëfYaI lDIs jHdmD;Ska 14 la jQ w;r th 67] l

m%.;shla fmkajhs' 1999 jifrA fà i|yd lr ;snQ wdfhdack j, jåkdlu re'â' 4'35 ls' fuu ëfYaI

lDIs jHdmD;sh hg;a †ia;%slal 10 l ä ueis md,kh" è f.dë;ek" flfi,a j.dj" ´lsö j.dj"

weka;+Ñhà j.dj" fldyq náka ieliSu" l=rlalka j.d fldg mså f,i ksl=;a ls¯u" .àâÑia j.dj"

lDIs ksIamdok wdY%s; øjH ieliqà uOHia:dk" fT!IO j.dj" fmhdia j.dj" nq,;a j.dj" mdÑiÑl

f.dëm, yd fmd,a j.d jHdmD;Ska jrAIh ;=< l%shd;aulj mej;=Ks' fuu ëëO jHdmD;Ska uÕska m%;s,dN

,nk mjq,a .Kk 2763 la ëh'

06' lDIs mqyqKq yd ±Kqj;a ls¯fà jevigyka

iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka w;rska 40] lg jeÆ msÑilf.a m%Odk „jfkdamdh lDIs lrAudka;h jqjo mdràmÑl

lDIs ldrAâl l%u Ndë;h;a" kj lDIsldrAâl l%u Ndë;h ms<sn| wjfndaOh;a fkd,eÉu ksid Tjqkaf.a

ksIamdokj, m%udKh yd .=Kd;aulNdjh wvq è Tjqka wvq wdodhà,dNSka njg m;aj we;' lDIs

ksIamdok wdY%s; iajhx /lshd nyq, jqjo iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka yg ta ms<sn|j we;s ±Kqu yd wjfndaOh

b;d wju uêgul mj;S'

tuksid lDIslrAudka;fha ksr;jk iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka i|yd kj ;dCIKsl l%u yákajd°u ;=<ska lDIs

ksIamdok i|yd jehjk ëhou wvqlr ,dN ,nd.ekSfà ;;a;ajhg f.k tau" wiajkq fk,Su" wiajekak

l,a;nd .ekSu" fj<| fmd,g Wî; whqÑka ksIamdok msÑieliSu ms<sn| ±Kqu ,nd °fuka

ksIamdokj,g jeÆ jåkdlula tl;= ls¯u" mdÑiÑl f.dë;ek ms<sn| ±Kqula ,nd°u;a iy lDIs

37

wdY%s; iajhx /lshdj,g fhduq ls¯ug wjYH oeKqu yd mqyqKqj ,nd°u iuDoaò lDIs mqyqKq yd ±Kqj;a

ls¯fà jevigyk uÕska is¥ flfrA'

fà wkqj 1999 jrAIfha fuu jHdmD;sh hgf;a b,lal.; jevuqÛ 260 l m%udKfhka jevuqÛ 309 la

mj;ajd ;snQ w;r th 119] l m%.;shls' fà i|yd re'â' 0'84 l uqo,la wdfhdackh lr ;snqKs' fuu

iajhx /slshd mqyqKq jHdmD;sh i|yd fhduq jQ mjq,a ixLHdj jQfha 1312 ls'

i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr ixjrAOk jevigyk

01' ye|skaèu

.%däh m%foaYj, wvq wdodhà,dNSkaf.ka ie,lsh hq;= msÑila i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr fCia;%fha ëëO jQ

l%shdldrlàj, ksr;j isç' kuq;a tu l%shdldrlà †hqKq lr .ekSug we;s bv m%ia:d w,amh' fà

fya;=fjka Tjqka iàm%odhsl l%u wkq.ukh lrâka tu ksIamdok lghq;=j, ksr;j isç' fuu

;;a;ajfhka Tjqka uqo,jd,Su i|yd wjYH ±Kqu yd wjfndaOh ,nd°u;a iàm;a wmyiqlà ksid ëëO

jQ jHdmD;Ska wdràN ls¯ug fkdyelsj isåk wvq wdodhà,dNSka i|yd wjYH iydh ,nd°u;a i;a;aj

md,k yd ûjr ixjrAOk jevigyk uÕska is¥flfrA'

02' wruqKq

1' i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr lghq;=j,g iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka$ wvq wdodhà,dNSka jeÆ jeÆfhka fhduq ls¯u'

2' wLKav wdodhà udrA.hla we;s ls¯u yd iajhx /lshd wjia:d Åys ls¯u'

3' i;a;aj ksIamdok jeÆ ls¯u'

4' fmdaIK ;;a;ajh Wiia lr,Su'

03' iajhx /lshd W;amdok jevigyk

i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr fCIa;% iajhx /lshd W;amdokh l< yels udOHhkah' .%däh wvq wdodhà,dNSka

i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr fCIa;%hkag m%fïY èug Wkka¥jla yd leue;a;la ±lajqj;a iàm;a fkdue;s èu

ndOdjla è we;' fà fya;+ka ksid iuDoaò i;a;ajmd,k yd ûjr iajhx /lshd W;amdok jevigyk

uÕska tu whg iyk ie,iSu is¥flfrA' miq.sh jir lSmh ;=< fukau 1999 jir ;=<o fuu.ska wvq

wdodhà,dNSka msÑila i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr fCIa;%hkag msëiS idrA:l m%:sM, ,ndf.k we;'

38

fà wkqj i;a;aj md,kh fCIa;%h ;=< 1999 jrAIfha ie,iqà lr ;snQ ëëO jHdmD;Ska jk fn%dhs,rA

ksIamdok jHdmD;Ska 78la" Å;a;r ksIamdok jHdmD;s 9la" l=l=,a megï ksIamdok jHdmD;s 5la" l=l=,a

megï wf,ë jHdmD;shla" pl%Sh tÛ md,k jHdmD;Ska 37la" W!rka we;sls¯fà jHdmD;s 9la" .jhska

we;sls¯fà jHdmD;s 10la yd fnda;,a l, lsÑ ksIamdok jHdmD;Ska 2la wd° jYfhka jHdmD;Ska 151la

jrAIh ;=< wdràN lr ;snqKs' äg wu;rj ûjr lafIa;%h ;=< iqr;,a uiqka ksIamdok jHdmD;ska 13

l=;a iqr;,a uiqka wf,ë jHdmD;Ska 2la yd âÑ†h u;aiH j.d jHdmD;shla wdràN lr ;snqKs' ëfYaI

i;a;aj md,k jHdmD;s jYfhka tÛ wNsckk tall 02 la yd Å;a;r ksIamdok tallhlao jrAIh ;=<

wdràN lr ;snqKs'

04' ±kqj;a ls¯à$ mqyqKq jevigyk

±kg i;a;aj md,k yd ûjr fCIa;%hkag iànkaO è isåk wvq wdodhà,dNSka iudm%odhsl l%u

wkq.ukh ls¯u ksid Tjqkaf.a M,odhS;djh wvq uêgul mj;sk w;r ,efnk wdodhuo my< uêgul

mj;S fà ksid iuDoaò i;a;ajmd,k yd ûjr ixjrAOk ±Kqj;a ls¯à yd mqyqKq jevigyk hg;a tu

wvq wdodhà,dNSka yg ëëO jHdmD;Ska ms<sn| wjYH ;dCIKsl ±Kqu yd mqyqKqj ,nd°u miq.sh jir

lSmh ;=< fukau 1999 jrAIfhao wLKavj is¥lr we;'

fà wkqj 1999 jrAIfha i;a;aj md,k fCIa;%h iànkaOfhka ±kqj;a ls¯fà tla jevigykla mj;ajd

;snQ w;r fà i|yd iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 25 ls' äg wu;rj fn%dhs,rA ksIamdokh iànkaOfhka mqyqKq

jevigyka 18 la mj;ajd ;snQ w;r fà i|yd 297 fofkl= iyNd.S è we;' Å;a;r ksIamdok

jHdmD;sh iànkkaOfhka meje;ajqkq ±Kqj;a ls¯à mqyqKq jevigyka 4la mj;ajd we;s w;r ta i|yd

112 fofkl= iyNd.S ëh' l=l=,a megï ksIamdokh iànkaOfhka meje;ajQ mqyqKq jevigyka 3 i|yd

iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 15 ls' tÛ md,kh iànkaOfhka meje;a jQ mqyqKq jevigyka 9la i|yd iyNd.s jQ

ixLHdj 253 ls'

±kqj;a ls¯fà yd mqyqKq ls¯à jevigyfka W!rka we;s ls¯fà jHdmD;sh ms<sn|j meje;ajQ jevigyka

.Kk 3la jQ w;r iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 76 ls' .jhska we;sls¯fà jHdmD;sh hgf;a meje;ajQ mqyqKq

jevigyka .Kk 18la jQ w;r iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 531 ls' lsrs „jdKqyrkh ls¯u iànkaOfhka

meje;ajQ jevigykg iyNd.S jQ m%;s,dNSka ixLHdj 6la jQ w;r iqr;,a uiqka we;s ls¯u iànkaOfhka

meje;ajQ mqyqKq jevigyka 4 i|yd iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 56ls' âÑ†h u;aiH j.dj iànkaOfhka

meje;ajQ mqyqKq jevigyka 2la i|yd iyNd.S jQ ixLHdj 42 ls'

1999 jrAIfha i;a;aj md,k fCIa;%h iànkaOfhka ±Kqj;a ls¯à$ mqyqKq jevigyka 57 la mj;ajd we;s

w;r ûjr fCIa;%h iànkaOfhka ±Kqj;a ls¯à$ mqyqKq jevigyka 6la mj;ajd we;' iuia:hla

jYfhka fuu mqyqKqèà i|yd iyNd.S jQ m%;s,dNSka ixLHdj 1077la jk w;r iuDoaò ixjrAOk

ks,Od¯ka yd l<uKdlrejka .Kk 334 fofkls

39

3'8 iudc ixjrAOk jevigyk

iudc ixjrAOk jevigyfka os.= ld,Sk wruqKq

wka; oqmam;=ka i|yd rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wkq.%yh hgf;a m%cd uQ,sl iqNidLk jevigyka l%shdjg

kexèu ;=<ska ck iudch iuÕ ifydaorFjfhka „j;a èfà mÑirhla f.dv ke.Su'

flå ld,sk wruqKq

wka; ¥mam;=ka i|yd ëfYaI jQ iqNidOk jevigyka l%shd;aul ls¯u' tu jevigyka l%shdjg kexèu

m%cd uQ,slj is¥ flfrk w;r ëëO fya;= ksid wirK Ndjhg m;aj isåk ëfYaI iudc fldgiaj,g

iydh èu wfkl=;a m%cdjf.a j.lSu yd hq;=lu nj mila lsÑu fï'

iudc ixjrAOk jevigyk - ye|skaëu

iuDoaò m%;s,dNS yd m%;s,dNS fkdjk wka; †<sá iudc fldgiaj,g iyk ie,iSfà m%cd uQ,sl

jevigyka yákd .ekSug yd l%shd;aul ls¯ug ëfYaI W;aidyhla iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a l%shdjg

kexfï' ;u Yla;s jrAOkh lr.; fkdyels èu ksid m%Odk ixjrAOk m%jdyhg tl;=ëh fkdyels

my; i|yka ëfYaI iudc fldgia fà hgf;a my; i|yka ëfYaI iudc fldgia fà hgf;a yákd

f.k we;'

wdndO iys; mqoa.,hka

wirK ;;a;ajfha miqjk jeÆysåhka

mshjreka fkdue;s orejka iuÕ „j;ajk uïjreka

u;ameka yd u;aøjHj,g weæneysèu ksid ±Æ mSvdjg m;a mqoa.,hskaf.a mjq,a

uj ueofmr†. hdu ksid iudc m%YaKj,g uqyqKq ° we;s mjq,a

foudmshka fkdue;s orejka

m%;smdok

1999 jir i|yd Y%S ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑh u.ska iudc ixjrAOk wxYh fj; wod, jevigyka

l%shd;aul ls¯u fjkqfjka remsh,a â,shk 5 la fjka lr ° we;' th †ia;%sla uêgâka fn° hk whqre

weuqKqà wxl 01 ys ±lafï'

fuu fjka lrk ,o remsh,a â,shk 5 l uqo, lrkq ,nk jevigyka wkqj fn° hdu my; ±lafï'

j.= wxl 26

jevigyk fjka lrk ,o m%;smdok m%udKh

u;a ksjdrK jevigyk 3730721

idCIr;d jevigyk 1154380

ëëO iudc fiajd 114899

tl;=j 5000000

40

iudc ixjrAOk moku msysgqèu $ iudc ixjrAOk wruqo,

iudc ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a yákd.;a ëfYaI ck fldgia fjkqfjka m%cd uQ,sl jevigyka yákd

.ekSug;a" yákd.;a tu jevigyka wLkavj l%shdjg kexëu;a m%dfoaYsh f,alà fldêGdY uêgâka

\iudc ixjrAOk moku\ kàjQ ixëOdkhla iuDoaò jevigyk yákajd ¥ka uq,a wjòfha msysgjkq

,eÉh' fuu mokfà iNdm;sjrhd f,i wod, fldêGdYfha m%dfoaYsh f,alàjrhd lghq;= lrk w;r

iudc fiajd ks,OdÑjrhd f,alà f,i lghq;= lrhas' wod, n, m%foaYfha „j; ajk wd.âl kdhlhska

o m%N+jreka o iudc fiajd lghq;=j, kshqla; fjk;a iafïÄPd ixëOdkj, ksfhda‚;hska o fuu iudc

ixjrAOk mokfà fiiq idud‚fhda jQy' tfia jqj o l%u l%ufhka jevigyk mqÛ,a ëu;a iuÕu

iuDoaò uyd ix.à ;=<ska iudc ixjrAOk jevigyk l%shd;aul ls¯ug mshjr .eksk'

iudc ixjrAOk jevigyka l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd wruqo,a f.dvk.d .ekSu l< hq;=h' wruqo,a

f.dv k.d .ekSu i|yd lrkq ,nk m%Odku jeviyk \iuDoaò fldÆ\ wf,ë ls¯fà jevigykhs'

Bg wu;rj iudc ixjrAOk mokfà fyda uyd ix.ufha wNsu;h mÑ† ;u m%dfoaYSh f,alà

fldêGdYh ;=< fuu ëfYaI wruqo, ;rlr .ekSu i|yd ëëO l%shdudrA. .; yelsh' fndfyda ëg

fà i|yd f,d;/hs †kqà we°à" i,ams,a meje;aèu" md .uka ixëOdkh ls¯u wd° jevigyka l%shd;aul

flfrkq olakg we;' tfy;a fà i|yd iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkaf.ka muKla ëfYaI uqo,a tl;= ls¯ula

wfmaCId fkdflfrA'

iuDoaò fldÆ wf,ëh

1996 jifrka werÇ iuDoaò fldÆ wf,ëh fà jk ëg isï jrla mj;ajd we;' 1996 iy 1997

jirj,° fà i|yd fhdod .kq ,enqfï cd;Hka;r †<sálu msgq±lSfà †kh fh° ;snQ Tlaf;danrA ui

17 jkodhs' 1998 iy 1999 jirj, iuDoaò fldÆ wf,ëh fhdod .kq ,enqfha cd;Hka;r ¥àjeå

ëfrdaû †kh fh° ;snqKq uehs ui 31 jkodhs' fuu cd;Hka;r jYfhka iurkq ,nk †k folu

iuDoaò jevigyfkys uqLH mrudrA: yd Rcq jYfhkau ne|s ;sÉu fuu f;dard .skSug m%Odku

fya;=jhs'

fldÆ wf,ë ls¯fà° iEu iuDoaò ixjrAOk ks,OdÑfhla $ iuDoaò n,ldhla u.skau wju jYfhka

fldÆ 150 laj;a wf,ë lrkq we;ehs wfmaCId lrk w;r m%dfoaYsh f,alà fldêGdYhlg fjkalr we;s

fldÆ fldÆ m%udKh ta ta iuDoaò n,ldhj, „j;ajk ck.ykh wkqj .e,fmk mÑ† fnod yÑkq

,efæ' tfia jqjo wf,ëhg jeÆ keUqrejla olajk whg jeÆ fldÆ m%udKhla ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkq

,efæ' fldÆ wf,ë ls¯fà° ¥o,a nyd,Sug leg ta ta iuDoaò ixjrAOk ks,OdÑka ëiska ilid iQodkà

lr .; hq;= w;r tu legj, we,èug wjYH uqøs; m;%sld ,nd°u lrhs' fldÆ wf,ëh wjika l<

jydu uqo,a nyd,k leg l,dm ldrAhd,hg f.k wd hq;= w;r tajd ëjD; l< hq;af;a iuDoaò l,dm

l<uKdlre b†Ñfha l,dm ldrAhd,fha°h' ;u l,dmh ;=< tl;= lrk ,o uqo,a m%udKh f,aLk.;

fldg m%dfoaYsh f,alà ldrAhd,hg NdroSu l,dm l<uKdlre ëiska l< hq;=h'

;Hd. msÑkeäu

iuDoaò fldÆ wf,ëh †Ñu;a ls¯u i|yd;Hd. msÑkeäfà ëfYaI jevigykla o fà hgf;a l%shdjg

kexfï' fuys° my; i|yka ks,Od¯ka i|yd ;Hd. msÑkefà' 1' m%dfoaYsh f,alà fldêGdYfha jeÆu uqo,la tl;= lrk ixjrAOk ks,OdÑ

41

2' †ia;%slalfha jeÆu uqo,la tl;= lrk ixjrAOk ks,OdÑ

3' †jhsfka jeÆu wdodhu tl;= lrk ixjrAOk ks,OdÑhd

4' †ia;%slalfha jeÆu wdodhu tl;= lrk l,dm l<uKdre

5' †jhsfka jeÆu wdodhu tl;= lrm l,dm l<uKdlre

6' †jhsfka jeÆu wdodhu tl;= lrk m%dfoaYSh f,alà

7' †jhsfka jeÆu wdodhu tl;= lrk †ia;%sla f,alà

wf,ë wdodhu

ta ta jir ;=< fldÆ wf,ëfhka ,enQ wdodhu msÅn| ëia;r j.= wxl 02 ys ±lafï'

j.= wxl 27

jrAIh fldÆ wf,ëfhka ,o wdodhu 25] odhlFjh

1996 2666141'00 666535'00

1997 2383581'00 595895'00

1998 1624063'00 40616'00

1999 4904265'00 -

iudc ixjrAOk wruqo, ;rls¯u i|yd iuDoaò wòldÑfhka o iydh ,nd °ug wfmaCId l< w;r ta

i|yd fldêGdYfha tl;= lrk ,o wf,ë wdodhfuka 25] l odhlFjhla ,nd†ug mshjr .kq ,eÉh'

ta wkqj uq,a jir ;=fkys muKla fuu 25] odhlFjh ,nd oqka w;r ta fjkqfjka remsh,a 1303046 la

orkq ,eÉh' 1999 jifrA b;d idrA:l fldÆ wf,ëhla lr ;snQ w;r 25] odhlFjh ,nd fokq

fkd,eÉh' 1996 jifrA isg 1999 jir olajd †ia;%sla uêgâka ,enQ wf,ë wdodhà ms<sn| ëia;r

weuqKqà wxl 02 ys ±lafï'

ëëO iudc fiajd jevigyka

iuDoaò fldÆ wf,ë wdodhu" wòldÑh u.ska ,nd fok 25] odhlFjh iy iudc ixjrAOk moku

fyda uyd ix.uh u.ska ëëO l%shdudrA. ;=<ska Wmhd .kakd ,o ishÛu wdodhu iudc ixjrAOk

wruqo,g ner flfrA' fuu ëfYaI wruqo, fhdod .ksâka w;HjYH jQ fmd¥ iajNdjfha lghq;= is¥

lrkq ,efæ' ta hgf;a flfrk fuu ëfYaI l%shdldrlà m%cd odhlFjfhka l%shd;aul flfrA'

ëfYaIfhka iudc wd.âl yd ixilD;sl jYfhka jeo.;a jkakd jQ jevigyka l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk

w;r tu.ska â;%;ajh" iqyo;djh yd iy„jkh we;sls¯u uQ,sl wfmaCIdjhs'

ta wkqj 1997 foieànrA ui 31 jk †k jk ëg †ia;%sla uêgâka iudc ixjrAOk moku u.ska

l%shd;aul l< jevigyka 839 la muK nj jdrA;d jQ w;r ta ms<sn| ëia;r j.= wxl 28 ys ±lafï'

42

j.= wxl 28

jevigyk jevigyka ixLHdj

u;aøjH ksjdrk 300

jeÆyså iqNidOk 126

<ud iqNidOk 107

wdndò; iqNidOk 61

ldka;d iqNidOk 94

ueo fmr†. .sh mjq,a iqNidOk 05

fmd¥ iudc fiajd 146

tl;=j 839

1998 ckjdÑ isg foieànrA 31 †k jk ëg lrk ,o jevigyka ixLHdj j.= wxl 29 ys ±l afï'

j.= wxl 29

jevigyk ixLHdj

u;aøjH ksjdrk 1640

jeÆyså iqNidOk 590

<ud iqNidOk 486

wdndò; iqNidOk 490

ldka;d iqNidOk 558

ueo fmr†. .sh mjq,a iqNidOk 199

fmd¥ iudc fiajd 1822

tl;=j 5785

1999 jir ;=< iudc ixjrAOk moku l%shdjg kexjQ jevigyka ixLHdj 6982 la jk w;r ta ms<sn|

ëia;r †ia;%sla uêgâka weuqKqà wxl 03 ys ±lafï'

fuu iqNidOk jevigyka jrA.SlrKHg we;=,;a jkafka f,a mÑ;Hd. ls¯à" rKërejka i|yd ^W;=re

kef.kysr m%foaYj,g heèu i|yd& fmd,a w;= wd° wjYH øjH ,nd°à" <ud yd jeÆyså ksjdi i|yd

wdydr yd fjk;a w;HjYH øjH iemhSà" f;dard .;a †<sá mjq,aj, <uqka i|yd ks, weáà yd meie,a

WmlrK ,nd °à" Y%uodk" weia lKakdÆ fnod°u" yeákqà m;a ,nd°à ^cx.u fiiajd ;=<ska& ëfYaO{

fjjoH idhk meje;aèà" frdao mqgq yd lD;su mdo fnod †u" wirK ksjdi fkdue;s mjq,a i|yd ksjdi

fkd°u jeks jevigyka fï'

u;aøjH ksjdrKh

iuDoaò jevigyk yákajd fokq ,enqfha Yla;su;a wdrA:slhla we;s lr .;a i;=fgka „j;ajk mjq,la

we;s ls¯fà wuqK we;sjh' ta i|yd ck;dj ;=< ¥mam;alu we;s lsrjk iy ¥mam;alu mj;ajd f.k

hk fya;= ck;djf.ka wE;a l< hq.=h' ck;dj ;=< ¥mam;alu we;slrjk iy ¥mam;=ka njg

m;alrk m%Odk idOl w;r u;aøjH Ndë;h m%ODk fï' ta wkqj m%cdj ;=<

re' 2000 g jvd wdodhu wvq mjq,aj, udisl u;ameka ëhou mjqf,a wdodhfuka 1$3 la èu'

43

iuDoaò iykdOdrh i|yd jirlg fldaå 800 la ëhoà lroa° iuDoaò,dNSka re' fldaå 1825 la

is.rê i|yd muKla ëhoà ls¯u

jeÆysåhkaf.a u;ameka Ndë;h fya;=fjka wkd.; mrmqr mSvdjg ,la èu'

iykdOdr ,nk ¥mam;=kaf.a u;aøjH ëhou fmdfydi;=kaf.a ëhoug jvd by< èu'

by; ±lajQ fya;= wfma m%cdj ;=< olakg ,efnk w;r fà ;;a;ajfhka m%cdj wE;a lsÑug lghq;= l<

hq;=h' ta i|yd u;ameka yd u;aøjH Ndë;fhka widrA:l jQ mqoa.,hka yákd .ekSug mshjr .;

hq;=h' fà i|yd iudc ixjrAOk jevigyk ;=<ska ¥mam;=kaf.a Yla;sh tla;eka ls¯ug l%shd lrf.k

hkq ,efæ' fà i|yd ±kqj;a ls¯fà jevuqÛ l%shdjg kxjk w;r ta ;=<ska wfmaCIs; m%;sM, folls'

u;ameka yd u;aøjH Ndë;fhka ksoyia èug Wkka¥j;a" Woafhda.h;a m%cdj ;=<ska we;sèug lghq;=

ls¯u

Ndë;h wju ls¯u Wfoid m%cdfï we;sëh hq;= fjki m%cdj ëiskau yákd .ekSug wjia:dj

ie,iSu'

;jo mqyqKq jevigyka ixëOdkh ls¯fà† tys m%;sM, jvd;a idrA:l lr.ekSu Wfoid m%;s,dNSka

lKavdhà .; ls¯ula is¥ flfrA' tkà <uqka" ;reKhska" ldka;djka Ndë;d lrkakka iy Ndë;d

fkdlrkakka jYfhks' ta wkqj tla tla lKavdhug .e,fmk wruqKq Tiafia Tjqka l%shd;aul lrëu

is¥ flfrA'

miq.sh jir lSmh ;=<u l,dm uêgâka fuu mqyqKq jevigyka l%shd;aul l< o 1999 jifrA isg

iuDoaò uyix.à yryd l%shdjg kxjkq ,eÉh' uyd ix.à ldrAh Ndrfha i|yka \nyqëO ixjrAOk

m%fïYfhys\ fuu jevigyk wka;rA.; è we;s ksid uyd ix.à msysgqjd we;s m%dfoaYSh f,alà

fldêGdYj, fuu jevigyk uyd ix.à ;=<ska l%shd;aul fï'

miq.sh jir lSmh ;=< lrk ,o jevigyka ms<sn| ixLHd o;a; my; ±lafï'

j.= wxl 30

jrAIh u;a ksjdrK jevigyka

ixLHdj

1996 -

1997 300

1998 1640

1999 1047

u;a ksjdrK cd;sl lâgqj

wOHdmk wud;HdxYh" wuoHm ixëOdkh" â;=re â;=frda ixëOdkh" wka;rdodhl T!IO md,l uKav,h"

ckdòm;s f,alà ldrAhd,h" †<sá iyk flduidÑia fomdrA;fàka;=j hk wdh;kj, ks,Od¯kaf.a

iànkaûlrKh u; Y%S ,xld iuDoaò wòldÑfha wOHCI ckrd,af.a m%OdkFjfhka u;a øjH ksjdrK

44

cd;sl lâgqj ilia è we;' fuu lâgq ;SrK u; iuDoaò jevigyk hgf;a u;aøjH ksjdrK

jevigyka ilia ls¯u i|yd cd;sl m%;sm;a;s ilia flfrA'

ckdòm;s ëfYaI ldrAh idOk n,ldh

u;a øjH ksjdrKh" <ud wmfhdackh yd ish†ë kid .ekSu j,lajd,Su hk fiajd i|yd ëfYaI

ckdòm;s ldrAh idOk n,ldhla msysgqèu wdràN lr we;' fuu jevigyk iuDoaò uyd ix.à u.ska

l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk w;r tla tla ldrAh i|yd iuDoaò ixjrAOk ks,Od¯ka fofofkl= ne.ska iuDoaò

uyd ix.ufha ldrAh uKav,hg wkqhqla; lrkq ,efæ' fà i|yd f;dard .;a iuDoaò ixjrAOk

ks,Od¯ka mqyqKq ls¯u w†hr lSmhla hgf;a lrkq ,eÅh' 1999 jir wjika jk ëg fujeks mqyqKq

jevigyka 3la mj;ajd wjika lr we;s w;r mqyqKqj ,enQ ks,Od¯ka fCIa;% rdcldÑj, ±kgu;a

fhdojd we;'

pQ, ckdjdij, udkj iàm;a ixjrAOk jHdmD;sh

iudc ixjrAOk wxYfha fufyhèu yd wkq.%yh u; fld<U †ia;%sla iuDoaò flduidÑia ldrAhd,h

u.ska fuu jevigyk l%shd;aul flfrA' fà i|yd ;dCIKsl iydh Y%s ,xld iudc ixjrAOk wdh;kh

u.ska ,nd.efka' fuu jHdmD;sh uQ,slj l%shdjg kexfjkafka fld<U m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYfha

iuDoaò l,dm 03 uq,a lrf.kh' fuu jHdmD;sh ;=<ska fld<U kd.Ñlh ;=< fjfik wvq

wdodhà,dNS ishÛ fokd iuDoaò jHdmdrhg l%shdYS,Sj odhl lr.efka' ±kg iuDoaò jevigyfka

l%shdldrlà i|yd fuu m%foaYj,ska ,efnk iyNd.SFjh m%udKj;a fkdfï' tu ksid iuDoaò

jevigykska ,nd.; yels m%fhdack jeÆ msÑilg fkd,eÉ hhs' kuq¥ fuu jHdmD;sfha l%shdldrlà

iuÕ iànkaO èfuka kd.Ñl wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj,g my; m%;s,dN ysâfï'

wdrA:sl uêgu by< kexèu i|yd ,efnk jHjidhsl wjia:d

b;sÑls¯fà jrAOkhg ,efnk iydh

Kh wjYH;d i|yd ,efnk iykodhS wjia:d

idud‚l uêgu by< kxjd .ekSu i|yd ,efnk oekqj;a èfà wjia:d

fmd¥ ixjrAOkh i|yd ixëOdkh è iajhx ;SrK .ekSfà wjia:d

iuDoaò nexl= jHdmdrhg ysâlà yd m%;s,dN ,eÉfà wjia:d

†h;a lrkq ,nk idCIr;d" idhksl yd u;a ksjdrK wd° jevigyka u.ska ,efnk fm!oa.,sl yd

fmd¥ jdis

iuDoaò nexl= ix.uh" uyd ix.uh jeks wdh;kj, ks,;, ,eÉfà wd;au wNsudkS wjia:d

†jhsk mqrd ëis¯ isåk iuDoaò idud‚lhska iuÕ wka;rA mqoa., in|;d f.dvk.d .eksug

yelsèu

rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;kj, fiajh jvd;a myiqfjka ;ukau yd ;u m%cdjg ,nd.ekSug

,efnk wjia:d

fà ;=<ska kd.Ñl j;= wxYfha iuDoaò jevigyk n,.ekaèula is¥ flfrA' ta ;=<ska Tjqka

i„èlrKhg miq lr m%Odk ixjrAOk m%jdyhg fhduq flfrA' fà ksid by; olajk ,o ishMu

m%;s,dN kd.Ñl j;=j, fjfik wvq wdodhà ,nk ishÛ mjq,aj, idud‚lhska fj; Rcq yd jl%

wdldrfhka ysâ fï'

45

jHdmD;sfha wruqKq

iuDoaò jHdmdrfha mrudrA: idCId;a lr.ekSu i|yd kd.Ñlfha fjfik ishÛu wvq wdodhà,dNSka jvd

fyd|ska odhl lr.ekSug W;aidy ls¯u fuu jHdmD;sfha m%Odk wruqK fï' ta i|yd my;

±lafjk wkq wruqKq u.ska iydh ,nd .ekSug wfmaCId flfrA'

iykdOdr udkislFjfhka uqod .ekSu

iaj Yla;sh f.dv ke.Sug fhduq ls¯u

iuDoaò jevigyk ms<sn|j we;s ¥rAu; yd ëYajdi ¥relr ëYajdifhka hq;= jQ idud‚l msÑila

f.dvk.d .ekSu'

iudc ëIudpdr yd mqre¥j,ska j,lajd mjq, ;=< iykodhs jd;djrkhla ia:dms; ls¯u

ëëO ±kqj;a ls¯à jeÆyså wOHdmk l%uhla f,i jHdma; ls¯u

rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;kj,ska fuu m%cdjka fj; ,eÅh hq;= fiajdjka lÆkâka ,nd°u

Tjqkag ±kg jvd fyd| wdrA:sl yd idud‚l „jk rgdjla ,nd°u

l%shd;aul jk wdldrh

fuu wruqKq imqrd .ekSu i|yd Y%S ,xld iudc fiajd ëoHd,h u.ska mqyqKq l< iudc fiajd

Æmaf,daud,dNSka msÑilf.a iydh ,ndf.k we;' Tjqka jir foll ld,hla i|yd n|jd f.k

yákd.;a kd.Ñl j;= l,dmj,g wkqhqla; flfrA' fuu whf.ka wfmaCIs; ldrAh jkafka ,nd.;a

±kqu yd fCIa;% w;a±lSà Wmfhda.S lrf.k iuDoaò ks,Od¯ka yd taldnoaOj lghq;= lrâka m%cdjka

ixëOdkh lr.ksâka wruqKq bgqlr.eksug iajdûkj l%shdld¯ lrèuhs'

fuu jHdmD;sh fuu jifrA fkdjeànrA ui m<uqjk †k wdràN l< w;r th jir foll ld,hlg

l%shd;aul ls¯ug kshâ;h'

3'9 wf,ë ixjrAOk jevigyk

ye|skaèu

iuDoaò ixjrAOk jevigyk ;=< l%shd;aul jk ëëO Kh fhdackd l%u" lDIsldrAâl" i;a;aj md,k yd

ûjr" lrAudka;" jD;a;Sh mqyqKq" jHjidh ixjrAOk hk ëëO jevigyka fukau nexl= ix.à ;=<ska

,nd†ug kshâl ëëO Kh myiqlà ;=<ska wfmaCIs; wjidk wruqKq w;r jvd;a jeo.;a jkafka wvq

wdodhà,dNS mjq,aj, wdrA:slh ;=< lsishà NdKav fyda fiajdjka ksIamdokh lsÑug fhduq ls¯uhs'

Tjqkaf.a wdrA:sl Yla;s jrAOkh iy „jk uêgu by< kexèu hk wruqKq ;=<† iuia: iuDoaò

jevigykska wvq wdodhà,dNSka ;=<ska tl;= lrkq ,nk ksIamdok NdKav yd fiajdjka wf,ë ls¯u

i|yd wf,ëlrK hå;, myiqlà ixjrAOkh ls¯u ms<sn|j ëfYaI wjOdkh fhduq ëh hq;=h'

iuDoaò jevigyfkys iEu wxYhlskau tl;= lrkq ,nk ksIamdok yd fiajdjka wf,ë lsÑu i|yd

ëfYaIs;jQ fj<|m, hå;, myiqlà jeÆ oshqKq ls¯u yd wdràN ls¯u wf,ë ixjrAOk jevigyk

u.ska is¥ flfrA'

46

wruqKq

iuDoaò wf,ë ixjrAOk jevigyk l%shdjg kexèfà uQ,sl wruqKq my; ±lafï'

ëfYaIfhkau lDIsldrAâl ksIamok we;=,;a ëëO ksIamdok i|yd wvq wdodhà,dNSkag iy f.dèkag

idOdrK â,la ,nd .ekSug;a mdÑfNda.slhskag idOdrK â,lg fyd| ;;a;ajfha NdKav â,°

.ekSug;a yelsjk mÑ† wvq wdodhà,dNSkag ëfYaIs;jQ fj<|m, myiqlà ,nd†u i|yd mj;akd

fj<|m, hå;, myiqlà jeÆ†hqKq ls¯u iy wdràN ls¯u'

cd;sl wdrA:slh ;=< fï.fhka jrAOkh jk fj<|m, fCIa;%h ;=< wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,a i|yd

wf,ë lrk jHdmD;s ;=<ska iajhx /lshd nyq, lsÑu'

wvq wdodhà,dNSka i;=" Tjqka ëiska md,kh lrk l=vd fj<|m, ixëOdkh ls¯fuka iy Yla;su;a

ls¯fuka miqj wka;rA †ia;%sla lDIs ksIamdok yqjudre jevms<sfj,la wdràN ls¯u i|yd wdorAY

jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯u'

ëfYaIfhkau lDIs ksIamdok weiqreà ms<sn| mj;sk iàm%odhsl l%u ksid m%jdykfha° is¥jk

wm;h yd kdia;sh wju lsÑu ;=<ska tys jdish f.dëhdg;a mdÑfNda.slhdg;a ,efnk mÑ† wdorAY

jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯u ;=<ska kj weiqreà l%u yákajd°u'

by; wruqKq bgqlr .ekSu i|yd my; i|yka wf,ë ixjrAOk l%ufïo l%shdjg kexfï'

1' i;s fmd<j,a wdràN ls¯u $ kèlrKh lsÑu

2' l=vd fj<|ie,a $ ël=Kqà uOHia:dk wdràN ls¯u

3' wka;rA †ia;%sla lDIs yqjudre jevigyka

4' cx.u fj<| jHdmD;s ^fj<| l=å$ r:&

5' wf,ëlrK keUqrejla iys; iajhx /lshd we;s ls¯u

6' wf,ë m%jrAOk myiqlà iemhSu yd fj<| m%orAYk meje;aèu

7' †ia;%sla wf,ë uOHia:dk wdràN ls¯u'

m%;smdok

1999 jirg kshâ; jevigyka i|yd wf,ë ixjrAOk wxYh fj; ,nd ° we;s uqÛ uqo, remsh,a

â,shk 10 ls' th tla tla jevigyka i|yd jeh jQ wkqou my; ±lafï' i;sfmd< i|yd 5'06

cx.u wf,ë r: i|yd 1'55

wf,ë ie,a i|yd 1'94

mqyqKq jevuqÛ i|yd 1'42

i;s fmd<j,a wdràN ls¯u yd kèlrKh lsÑu

ksIamdolhska i|yd ;u ksIamdokhg idOdrK â,la fkd,eÉu cd;sl uêgfà .egÛjla njg m;a è

;sfæ' ëfYaIfhkau my< uêgfà iy uOHu uêgfà ksIamdolhka fà hgf;a ëfYaIfhkau ëvdjg

m;afï' fà ;;a;ajfhka ksIamdolhd uqojd .ekSu;a ;u ksIamdok w;rue†hkaf.ka f;drj fj<|m,g

yákajd°fà wjia:djka wf,ë jevigyka ;=<ska l%shdjg kexfï' tfukau mdÑfNda.slhkaf.a ffoksl

wjYH;d idOdrk â,lg fkd,eÉu ishÛu wvq wdodhà ,nk mdÑfNda.slhkaf.a .egÛjhs' wf,ë

ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a ksIamdolhdg wf,ëlrk l%shdjg ue†y;aèu ksid idOdrk â,lg NdKav

47

,nd .ekSfà wjia:dj mdÑfNda.slhdg ysâ è ;sfæ' fà hgf;a ëëOdldrfha fj<|fmd,j,a l%shd;aul

fï'

fmd,a w;= iy jg mrd, fhdod ilia lrkq ,enQ idàm%odhsl i;s fmd<j,a

kd.Ñl m%foaYj, m%Odk udrA. fomi mj;ajdf.k hk kd.Ñl fj<|m, b,lal lr.;a ëfYaI

fj<|lå f,i ilia l<" CIKslj .,jd bj;a l< yels i;sfmd<j,a

ia:sr f.dvke.s,s iys;j mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk i;sfmd<j,a

m<d;a md,k wdh;k ±kg mj;ajdf.k hk i;sfmd<j,a ;=< iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka i|yd ëfYaI

fj<|l=å ,nd°u

fgkavrA u.ska i;sfmd< ,ndf.k iuDoaò m%;s,dNSkag ëfYaI iajhx /lshd iy wf,ë wjia:d

,nd†u

m%;s,dNSkaf.a ksIamdok wf,ëh i|yd Tjqka muKla yuqjk m%dfoaYsh f,alà fldêGdYh" nexl=

ix.uh wdY%s;j mj;ajk fj<|m,j,a

isÕs;s fmd<j,a

†ia;%sla cx.u i;sfmd<j,a

rd;%s i;sfmd<j,a

iEu i;s fmd<lskau wvq wdodhà,dNS mjq,a i|yd iajhx /lshd wjia:d 35-150 ;a w;r m%udKhla

Wodfï' fà wkqj i;sfmd< l%uh iajhx /lshd ,nd†u w;ska Yla;su;a l%uhla nj ms,s .efkk w;r

fà hgf;a ±kg iajhx /lshd 7000 la muK we;s è ;sfæ'

1999 jir wjika jk ëg .%dâh i;sfmd<j,a 2025 la muK wÛf;ka wdràN lr we;'

2' l=vd fj<|ie,a $ ël=Kqà uOHia:dk wdràN ls¯u

±kg wdràN lr we;s l=vd fj<| ie,a $ ël=Kqà uOHia:dk fCI;% w;a±lSà u; my; i|yka mÑ†

jrA. l< yelsh' fà i|yd ishÛ Wmfoia ,ndfok w;r fuu fj<|ie,a Rcqju m%;s,dNSka mj;ajd

f.k hkq ,nk fm!oa.,sl jHjidh iajNdjhla mj;S'

l=vd lKavdhà fj<|ie,a

l=vd lKavdhà lSmhla tl;= ë mdÑfNda.sl øjH â,† f.k Tjqfkdjqka w;frA fnod ye¯fà fj<|ie,a'

l=vd iâ;s fj<|ie,a

m%;s,dNska 20-30 l lKavdhula tl;=ë iâ;shla jYfhka ixëOdkh è mdÑfNda.sl øjH â,° f.k

fnod ye¯fà fj<|ie,a

iajhx /lshd fj<|ie,a

iuDoaò Kh jevigyka hgf;a Kh ,ndf.k wdràN lrk l=vd fj<|ie,a

nexl= fj<|ie,a

48

iuDoaò nexl= ix.uh wdY%s;j ia:sr f.dvke.s,a,l m%;s,dNsfhl= fyda l=vd lKavdhula mj;ajd f.k

hkq ,nk fj<|ie,a

iykdOdr fj<|ie,a

iykdOdr fn°u ¥rAj, ia:dkj, hà uqoaor m%udKhla ,nd° m%;s,dNSka ëiska mj;ajd f.k hk

fj<|ie,a jYfhka ixëOdkh l< ël=Kqà uOHia:dk

i;sfmd< fj<|ie,a î;sfmd<j,a wdY%s; ia:sr fj<|ie,a&

fuu .%dâh fj<|ie,a l%uh o wf,ë jevigyka hgf;a l%shdjg kexfjk jeo.;a jHdmD;s ëfYaIhls'

nexl= ix.à fj<|ie,a l%uh u.ska †jhsk mqrd fj<|ie,a 1000 la nexl= ix.à wdY%s;j l%shd;aul

fjâka mj;S' fà ;=<ska o iajhx /lshd wjia:d 1000 lg wdikak m%udKhla Åysè we;' äg

wu;rj iuDoaò m%;s,dNSka ;=<skau kj jHdmdÑl m%cdjla Åysèu fà jevigyfka olakg we;s jeo.;au

,CIKhls'

3' wka;rA †ia;%sla lDIs yqjudre jevigyk

wka;rA †ia;%sla lDIs yqjudre jevigyk hgf;a ±kg t<jÛ ksIamdokh flfrk m%dfoaYSh f,alà

fldêGdYj, tu ksIamdok" t<jÛ ksIamdokh fkdlrk m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdYj,g Rcqju iemhSu

;=<ska fldêGdYh ;=< ksIamdok NdKav yqjudrej ksid ksIamdolhdg ;u ksIamdokhg by< â,la

,nd.ekSug iy mdÑfNda.slhdg iyk â,lg NdKav ,nd .ekSug yelshdj ,eÉ we;' Bg wu;rj ta

hgf;a we;sjk iajhx /lshd m%udKh by< uêgul mj;S' fà jHdmD;sfhau ;j;a wx.hla f,i

†ia;%sla wf,ë uOHia:dk ia:dmkh ls¯u fmkaëh yelsh'

4' cx.u fj<| jHdmD;s

w;ayod ne,Sfà jHdmD;shla f,iska l%shdjg kexfjk iuDoaò iyk cx.u fj<|ie,a l%uh o fuu

jevigyfkys ;j;a iqëfYaI wx.hls' fà u.ska wvq wdodhà,dNs mjq,aj,g iyk /ila ,efæ'

iyk â,g NdKav ,nd.ekSug wjia:dj ie,isu

ish ksIamdok wf,ë lr.ekSug wjia:dj ie,iSu

/lshd wjia:d ie,iSu

Wiia ksudjlska hq;a cx.u ël=Kqà uOHia:dkhla fhdod .; yels ;rÕldrS fj<|m,g .e,fmk

lr;a; ëfYaIhla fà hgf;a yákajd ° we;' b;du;au ckm%sh ia:dkj, k.rj," wd.âl ia:dkj,

yd fjk;a ckdlSrAK ia:dkj, fuu cx.u fj<|ie,a l%uh l%shd;aul lrkq ,efæ'

fà hgf;a ±kg cx.u fj<| r: 86 la muK ,nd °ug ±kg lghq;= lr we;'

49

5 wf,ëlrK keUqrejla iys; iajhx /lshd we;s ls¯u

wf,ë ixjrAOk jevigyk l%shdjg kexèu u.ska ksIamdokh flfrk ëëO mkakfha NdKav yd lDIs

ksIamdokhka i|yd ia:djr fj<| fmd<la ksrAudKh èfuka wk;=rej tu fj<|m,g myiqfjka

msëiSug ta ta mqoa.,hdg Tyqf.a iqëfYaI oCI;d wkqj jvd;au .e,fmk jHdmD;sh f;dard .ekSu

.egÛjla ëh yelsh' tjeks wjia:djl wjYH WmfoaYl fiajd iemhSu fuu.ska wfmaCId flfrA' ta

wkqj mqoa.,hdg .e,fmk Tyq i;= oCI;d" iàm;a yd wdl,amj,g Wî; jHdmD;sh f;dard .ekSfà

wjia:dj i,id fokq ,efæ' ;jo wuqøjH fidhd .ekSu ms<sn| ¥Ialr;djkaf.ka f;dr m<d;a yd

m%foaY i|yd ta ta ;ekaj,g jvd;au iq¥iq ksIamdok jHdmD;sh fyda j.d jHdmD;Ska ksjer†j yákd

.ekSu o fuys° is¥fï' iajhx /lshdjkays jrAOkhla we;s ls¯ug o fuu.ska wfmaCId flfrA'

6' wf,ë m%jrAOk myiqlà ie,isu yd wf,ë m%orAYk meje;aèu

lsishà ksIamdok l%shdj,shlg we;=Û è isåk iuDoaò m%;s,dNS iqÛ ksIamdolhdg uqyqK mEug is¥jk

we;eà wjysr;d wju ls¯ug Wmld¯ èu wf,ë m%jrAOk myiqlà iemhSu hgf;a l%shdjg kexfï' ta

ta ksIamdok i|yd wjYH kj mkakfha ëëO weiqreà jrA." f,an,a imhd †u" m%pdrk ëò yd m%pdrk

myiqlà ie,iSu flfrA fuys† ëfYaI wjOdkh fhduq flfrA' fj<|mf,a mj;sk ;rÕldrAS

ksIamdokj,g wkqrEmj ;u ksIamdokfha by< .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajh wdrCId lr.ekSug wjYH

;dCIKsl wjfndaOh ,nd°u o" m%orAYk uêgulska hq;=j NdKav fj<|m,g b†Ñm;a ls¯fà kj;u

ëòl%u ms<sn| jegySula ,nd†u o fà hgf;a is¥fï'

wf,ë ixjrAOk jevigyk fufia mqÛ,a fCIa;%hla mqrd me;sr hdu;a iuÕ ta yd neákq iànkaO;d

rdYshla fï'

lDIslrAuh yd i;a;aj md,kh

lrAudka; jHdmD;s mqyqKqj yd iajhx /lshd

nexl= yd rCIK lghq;=

iudc ixjrAOkh

m%cd ixjrAOkh yd hå;, myiqlà

wf,ë ixjrAOkh

fuu idOl yd tlajQ miq ksIamdok M,odhs;dj by< uêgulg meâKs ëg wf,ë m%jrAOkh i|yd

fj<| m%orAYkhla meje;aèu flfrao wjOdkh fhduq fjâka mj;s'

idCIr;d jevigyk

iudc ixjrAOk wxYh wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha fkdëòu;a wOHdmk tallh yd iànkaO è f,dal

idCIr;d †kh fjkqfjka ëfYaI jevigyka /ila l%shd;aul ls¯ug lghq;= lrk ,°' fà i|yd

ëfYaI jevigyka folla 1997 iy 1999 hk jir fflys l%shd;aul lrk ,°'

jhi wjqre¥ 6 ) 15 ;a w;d mdie,a fkdhk jhfia <uqka mdie,aj,g we;=,;a ls¯u fà hgf;a

l%shd;aul jQ m%Odku jevigykhs' uQ,sl iäCIKhla weiqfrka fidhd .;a f;dr;=rej,g wkqj mdie,a

50

fkdhk jhgia <uqka isçug m%Odk fya;= lsmhla n,md we;s nj fmfka' Wmamekak iy;sl fkdue;sèu"

foudmsh /ljrKh wysâ ëu" wdrA:sl ¥Ialr;d yd fjk;a iud„h fya;= fuhg n,md we;s nj fmfka'

fldêGdY uêgâka l%shd;aul lrk ,o jevigyka w;r ±kqj;a ls¯fà jevigyka" idCIr;d mx;s

meje;aèu" odYHdndò; yd ukaonqoaòl orejka ëfYaI wOHdmk tallj,g fhduq ls¯u" mdie,a WmlrK

fnod °u" mdie,a wOHdmkfha jeo.;alu fmkajd fok foaYk yd iàuka;%k ixëOdkh" mdie,a hdug

wlue;s <uqka i|yd jD;a;Sh mqyqKq mdGud,dj,g fhduq ls¯u" <ud mqia;ld, yd <ud iudc msysgqèu

yd Wmamekak iy;sl fkdue;s orejka i|yd Wmamekak iy;sl ,nd°ug lghq;= ls¯u fmkajd †h

yelsh'

äg wu;rj jeÆyså wOHdmk jevigyka o l%shd;aul lrk ,°' fà jevigyka hgf;a mdie,aj,g

we;=,;a lrk ,o <uqka ms<sn| ëia;r weuqKqà wxl 04 ys ±lafï'

3'10 fufyhqà yd we.ehqà lghq;=

3'10'1 iuDoaò jevigyk wdY%s; o;a; /ials¯u

l,dm uêgu" m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY uêgu" †ia;%sla uêgu yd cd;sl uêgu olajd iuDoaò

jevigyk hgf;a flfrk ëëO jHdmD;sj, m%.;sh iudf,dapkh lsrSug wjYH o;a; udislj

,nd.ekSu yd ilia ls¯ug lghq;= lr we;' fà hgf;a iuDoaò iykdOdr" wksjdrAh b;sÑ ls¯à" iudc

wdrCIKh" kshdul rCIKh" m%cd jHdmD;s" m%cd ixëOdk yd wfkl=;a jevigyka ms<sn| f;dr;=re

udislj ,nd.ekSug lghq;= fhdod we;' iuDoaò jevigyfkys mÑmd,k yd l<uKdlrk uêgâka fuu

f;dr;=re /ials¯u is¥lrkq ,nk w;r" ta i|yd wod, ixëOdk jHqyh 57 msgqfjys olajd we;'

3'10'2 m%.;s iudf,dapk /iaèà

cd;sl uêgâka iyldr iuDoaò flduidÑiajrekaf.a /iaèà iEu udihlu mj;ajd we;' fuu

jevigyk uÕska b†Ñ jevigyka jvd;a M,odhS wkaoâka l%shd;aul ls¯u i|yd ;SrK .ekSu;a"

fuf;la lrk ,o jevigykaj, m%.;sh iudf,dapkh ls¯u;a is¥lrkq ,efæ'

†ia;%sla iyldr iuDoaò flduidÑiajrekaf.a /iaèug wu;r jYfhka †ia;%slalj, m%.;s md,k

lghq;=j,g iànkaO l<uKdlrejkaf.a udisl /iaèula meje;afjk w;r tu.ska iuDoaò jevigyk

ms<sn|j idlÄPd ls¯u;a o;a; ,nd.ekSfà° u;=jk .egÛ yd ksjer† f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSu ms<sn|j

jevigyk ldrAhCIuj mj;ajd .ekSfà Wmdh udrA. idlÄPd ls¯u;a is¥flfrA'

†ia;%sla lsysmhla taldnoaO fldg mj;ajkq ,nk wka;rA †ia;%sla m%.;s iudf,dapk jevuqÛ 08 la mj;ajd

we;s w;r tuÕska †ia;%sla ks,Od¯ka w;r w;a±lSà yd woyia yqjudre lr .ekSug wjia:dj i,id

°ula is¥lrkq ,efæ'

iEu †ia;%slalhlu †ia;%sla f,alà;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka iyldr iuDoaò flduidÑia" †ia;%slalfha ishÛu

m%dfoaYsh f,làjreka yd l<uKdlrejka i|yd ff;%udisl m%.;s iudf,dapk jevigykla mj;ajkq

,efæ' fuu jrAIfha° jevigyka 16 la mj;ajd we;s w;r tuÕska †ia;%slalh ;=< mj;sk .egÛ

51

yákd.ekSug yd m%dfoaYsh f,alà fldêGdY w;r woyia yd w;a±lSà yqjudre lr .ekSug wjia:dj

i,id °ula is¥lrkq ,efæ'

3'10'3 ksrAudK lj (Quality Circles)

iuDoaò jevigyk ldrAhCIuj yd M,odhSj mj;ajdf.k hdfà wruqKska iuDoaò l<uKdlrejkag yd

kshdulhskag ksrAudK lj l%shdj,sh yákajd ° l%shd;aul ls¯ug wjYH Wmfoia yd uÕfmkaèà ,nd °u

wjika lr we;s w;r m%Odk ldrAhd,fha iEu wxYhlu ksrAudK ljhla ne.ska msysgqjd we;'

3'10'4 l,dm ks¯CIK jevigyk

iuDoaò ixjrAOk jevigyk hgf;a lrk ,o ëëO ixjrAOk jevigykaj, .=Kd;aul yd m%udKd;aul

m%.;sh l,dm uêgâka fidhd ne,Su fuu jevigykska wruqKq flfrA'

ta wkqj m%Odk jYfhka"

1. iuDoaò nexl= ix.àj,ska .%däh ck;djg bgqè we;s fiajdjka fidhd ne,Su

2. iudoaò ixjrAOk jevigyk uÕska l%shd;aul l< iy l%shd;aul fjâka mj;sk Kh

jevigykaj,ska m%;s,dNS ck;dj ,nd we;s m%.;sh fidhd ne,Su

3. m%cd jHdmD;s jevigyka j,ska .%däh m%foaYj,g w;aè ;sfnk m%;s,dN ;lafiare ls¯u

4. lDIs yd ûjr jevigykaj, m%.;Ska fidhd ne,Su

5. Y%u iQCIu jHdmD;s uÕska .%däh m%foaYj, we;sè we;s m%.;sh ;lafiare ls¯u

6. iuDoaò flduidÑia ckrd,a fomdrA;fàka;=j uÕska is¥lrkq ,nk Y%u iQCIu jeï jevigyfka

m%.;sh fidhd ne,Su

7. iudc wdrCIK jevigyk uÕska ck;djg ,eÉ we;s iykhka we.hSu

8. m%dfoaYSh jYfhka m%Odk ldrAhd,hg .,d tk f;dr;=rej, ksjer†;djh fidhd ne,Su

9. iuDoaò iykdOdr iq¥iqlà u; fnod yer we;a±hs fidhd ne,Su

10. wdodhà W;amdok jHdmD;sj, m%;s,dN we.hSu

hk lreKq bgq flfrA' fà i|yd ëfYaIfhka mqyqKq lr we;s l<uKdlrejka lKavdhà fCIa;%

ks¯CIK pdÑld i|yd fhdojd we;'

3'10'5 iuDoaò l,dm uêgfà m%.;sh we.hSfà jevigyk

m%dfoaYSh f,alà fldêGdY uêgâka l,dm l<uKdlrejka yd uQ,ia:dk l<uKdlrejkaf.a ldrAhh

idOkh wd.hSu fuu jevigykska wfmaCId flfrA' 1998 jrAIfha wdràN l< fuu jevigyk uÕska

tu l,dmj, m%.;sh we.hSug ,lalrk w;r 1998 jrAIfha wjidkfha isg ldrA;=uh jYfhka m%.;sh

we.hSfà jevigykla †ia;%sla uêgâka l%shd;aul ls¯ug lghq;= lr we;' ta wkqj l,dmh ;=,

is¥flfrk ixjrAOk jevigyka iy iuDoaò wOsldÑh u.ska ,ndfok ,o pl%f,aLj,g mÑndysrj

iajdûkj lrk ,o ixjrAOk lghq;= ms<sn|j idlÄPd flfrA' 1998 jrAIh wjika jk ëg †ia;%sla

ish,af,ysu m%.;sh we.hSfà jevigyka l%shd;aul lr we;' fuuÕska m%udKd;aul o;a;j,g wu;rj

.=Kd;aul o;a; ,nd.ekSuo is¥ flfrA'

Documents

miqÅu - · PDF file2 fuu .egÛj,g ëiáà fièu i|yd jÑkajr ëëO rchka uÕska fkdfhl=;a W;aidyhka ord we;' 1950 oYlfha b†Ñm;a l, oi wjqre¥ ie,eiau" 1970 oYlfha