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B GIO DC V O TO

TH NGHIM

MY IN

Bin son: Hong Nguyn Phc

H v tn sinh vin: ..................................................................................................................

M s sinh vin: ..................................................................................................................

Lp/nhm: ..................................................................................................................

www.hutech.edu.vn Ti Liu Lu Hnh Ti HUTECH

TH NGHIM MY IN

n bn 2014

MC LC HNG DN ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. I

BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA ............................................................ 1

1.1 PHN CHUN B NH .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 S V CC THIT B TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................... 4

1.3 NI DUNG V TRNH T TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................... 6

1.3.1 M my ng c in ................................................................................................................................................................... 6

1.3.2 Th nghim khi ng c lm vic c ti ............................................................................................................... 12

BI 2: MY IN MT CHIU ............................................................................... 17

2.1 PHN CHUN B NH ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17

2.2 S V CC THIT B TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................ 21

2.3 NI DUNG V TRNH T TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................ 23

2.3.1 ng c in mt chiu lm vic khng ti ................................................................................................... 23

2.3.2 ng c in mt chiu lm vic c ti .............................................................................................................. 25

2.3.3 My pht in mt chiu lm vic khng ti ................................................................................................ 26

2.3.4 My pht in mt chiu lm vic c ti ........................................................................................................... 27

BI 3: MY IN NG B .................................................................................. 29

3.1 PHN CHUN B NH ....................................................................................................................................................................... 29

3.2 S V CC THIT B TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................ 34


BI 4: MY BIN P ............................................................................................. 44

4.1 PHN CHUN B NH ....................................................................................................................................................................... 45

4.2 S V CC THIT B TH NGHIM ................................................................................................................................. 49


HNG DN > I

HNG DN M T MN HC

Th nghim my in l mn hc nhm thc hnh cc phng php m my,

kho st cc ng c tuyn lm vic v v cc c tnh lm vic khi khng ti v

c ti ca my in khng ng b, my in mt chiu v my in ng b, xc

nh cc thng s ca my bin p

NI DUNG MN HC

Bi 1. My in khng ng b: gip sinh vin thc hnh cc phng php m

my ca ng c, kho st cc c nh khng ti v c ti ca ng c.

Bi 2: My in mt chiu: gip sinh vin kho st v v cc c tnh khng ti

v c ti ca ng c v my pht in mt chiu.

Bi 3: My in ng b: gip sinh vin kho st cc ch lm vic ca my

pht in ng b ba pha. Thc hin ha ng b my pht in vi h thng

in.

Bi 4: My bin p: gip sinh vin thc hnh ni dy my bin p, bin dng,

v cc ng h o lng. Xc nh cc thng s ca my bin p bng th

nghim:

o t s my bin p, xc nh cc tnh my bin p.

Th nghim khng ti.

Th nghim ngn mch.

V c tuyn ng ra ca my bin p khi c ti R, L, C thay i.

KIN THC TIN

Sinh vin phi nm vng l thuyt my in.

YU CU MN HC

Ngi hc phi d hc y cc bui ln lp v lm bi tp y nh.

II | HNG DN CCH TIP NHN NI DUNG MN HC

hc tt mn ny, sinh vin cn chun b phn l thuyt, tr li cc cu hi

trong phn chun b nh.

PHNG PHP NH GI MN HC

Mn hc c nh gi gm:

im qu trnh: 30%. Hnh thc v ni dung do Gio vin quyt nh, ph hp

vi quy ch o to v tnh hnh thc t ti ni t chc hc tp.

im thi: 70%. Hnh thc th nghim v cc kt qu th nghim gm cc bi th

nghim thuc bi th nht n bi th t v np bo co th nghim.

BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA > 1

BI 1: NG C KHNG

NG B BA PHA

Sau khi th nghim bi ny, hc vin c th:

Thc hnh cc phng php m my ca ng c khng ng b;

Kho st cc trng thi lm vic khng ti v c ti ca ng c khng ng

b;

V cc c tuyn lm vic ca ng c khng ng b;

1.1 PHN CHUN B NH

Cu 1: Cc loi my in khng ng b? c im ca tng loi?

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Cu 2: Cc yu cu c bn khi m my ng c khng ng b ba pha?

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2 | BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA Cu 3: Cc phng php m my ng c khng ng b v so snh u, khuyt

im ca chng?

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Cu 4: Phn tch nhng im ging nhau v khc nhau v nguyn l lm vic ca

my in khng ng b v my bin p?

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Cu 5: Phn tch nhng im ging nhau v khc nhau v nguyn l lm vic ca

my in khng ng b v my bin p?

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Cu 6: Moment ph ca ng c khng ng b l nhng moment g? ngha v

nh hng ca cc loi moment ?

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Cu 7: V v gii thch cc ng c tuyn lm vic ca ng c khng ng b

ba pha?

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Cu 8: Nhng nh hng chnh khi ng c khng ng b lm vic trong iu

kin tn s, in p khng nh mc?

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4 | BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA Cu 9: Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b, so snh u

khuyt im v phm vi ng dng ca chng?

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Cu 10: Ti sao my in khng ng b c s dng rng ri nht?

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1.2 S V CC THIT B TH NGHIM

S v cc thit b th nghim c trnh by trn hnh 1.1.

ng c in khng ng b ba pha (Motor) th nghim, c cc thng

s:

- Cng sut nh mc Pm = 2250W (3HP).

- in p nh mc Um = 380/220V (mi cun dy c in p

220V).

- Dng in nh mc Im = 8A.

- Tc nh mc nm = 1490 vng/pht.

My pht in mt chiu (Generator) lm ti cho ng c, c cc thng

s:


- Cng sut nh mc Pm = 1500W (2HP).

- in p nh mc Um = 200V.

- Dng in nh mc Im = 8A.

- Tc nh mc nm = 1500 vng/pht.

- in p kch t nh mc Uktm = 200V (kch t c lp).

Hnh 1.1: panel th nghim ng c khng ng b.

Bin p iu chnh ba pha ni hnh sao (Y): dng thay i in p vo

ng c.

- in p pha s cp U1m = 380V.

- Dng in nh mc I1m = 8A.

Cc in tr R1, R2, R3, R4 mc song song, dng lm ti cho my pht

mt chiu v c cc gi tr:

Cc ng h o lng.

- Am-pe k xoay chiu 5A (o dng in khng ti Io) v 50A (o

dng m my Imm).

6 | BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA

- Vn k xoay chiu 500V.

- Watt k ba pha: o cng sut tiu th ca ng c.

- Cos k ba pha: o h s cng sut ca ng c.

- Am-pe k mt chiu: o dng in ti ca my pht mt chiu.

- Vn k mt chiu: o in p u cc ca my pht mt chiu.

- Tc k: o tc quay ca ng c.

Thit b ng ct.

- CB1: ng, ct ngun in vo bn th nghim.

- CB2: ng, ct in p ti u cc ca my pht mt chiu.

- Cc kha k1, k2, k3, k4: ng v ct ti cho my phy in mt

chiu.

- Nt nhn ng, ct mch iu khin contactor.

- Contactor: Dng ng ct in vo ng c in khng ng b.

Mng in ca phng th nghim c in p 380/220V, c h thng dy

in ni t an ton cho cc thit b in.

1.3 NI DUNG V TRNH T TH NGHIM 1.3.1 M my ng c in

M my trc tip

Mc ng c vo mng in theo s hnh 1.2.

Hnh 1.2: s ni dy ca ng c khng ng b m my trc tip.


Sau khi Gio vin hng dn kim tra v cho php, sinh vin thc hin tip

cc thao tc:

- ng CB1.

- Quan st dng in trn ba am-pe k.

Lu : dng in m my xy ra rt nhanh nn phi ch mi c c cc gi tr

trn am-pe k.

- Quan st chiu quay ca ng c.

- ng contactor, cp in cho ng c; ghi nhn dng in m my

(Imm) v dng in khng ti (Io).

Imm = [A] ; Io = [A].

- Dng ng c.

- Tnh ton h s m my v h s khng ti.

kmm = ; ko = .

o chiu quay ca ng c

Gi nguyn s ni dy nh hnh 1.2.

- Ch i dy ni hai pha A v B (hoc B v C) ca ng c cho nhau

(tc l i th t pha ca ngun in t vo ng c). Lp li trnh t thao tc

nh th nghim phn trn.

- ng CB1.

- Quan st dng in trn ba am-pe k.

- Quan st chiu quay ca ng c.

- ng contactor, cp in cho ng c; quan st cc am-pe k ghi

nhn dng in m my (Imm) v dng in khng ti (Io).

Imm = [A] ; Io = [A].

- Dng ng c.


kmm = ; ko = .


M my ng c bng phng php thay i in p t

vo ng c thng qua bin p iu chnh.


Hnh 1.3: khi ng ng c bng phng php thay i in p.

Lu : mc ng ng vo v ra khi ni dy cho bin p; chnh in p ti bin p

v c gi tr trn vn k theo theo cc gi tr cho trong bng 1.1.

Chnh bin p v tr tng ng vi in p ng ra bng 0V (chnh nm xoay

trn bin p iu chnh v ht bn tri). Sau khi Gio vin hng dn kim tra v

cho php mi thc hin tip cc thao tc sau:

Bng 1.1: thng s ca ng c u sao, khi thay i in p t vo ng c

Stt in p (V)

Dng in pha A (A)

Dng in pha B (A)

Dng in pha C (A)

Tc (vng/pht)

1 40

2 60

3 80

4 100

5 120

6 140

7 160

8 180

9 200

10 220


- ng CB1.

- Tng dn in p t vo ng c bng cch iu chnh nm xoay

trn bin p iu chnh theo cc gi tr in p cho trc trong bng 1.1.

- Quan st am-pe k, tc k v ghi li gi tr vo bng 1.1.

- Khi kt thc, chnh bin p v gi tr 0V v ct CB1.

Da vo cc thng s bng 1.1;

- V c tuyn tc theo in p n=f (U).

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M my khi ng c ni tam gic.


Hnh 1.4: s ni dy ca ng c khng ng b ni tam gic.

Lu : in p pha nh mc ca ng c l 220V, khi ng c ni tam gic ()

in p t vo cc cun dy qun l Udy nn in p dy ca ngun cc

i ch tng n 220V (nhn trn vn k).

Chnh bin p v tr tng ng vi in p ng ra bng 0V (chnh nm xoay

v ht bn tri). Sau khi Gio vin hng dn kim tra v cho php mi thc hin

tip cc thao tc sau:

- ng CB1.

- Tng dn in p t vo ng c bng cch iu chnh nm xoay

trn bin p iu chnh theo cc gi tr in p cho trc trong bng 1.2.

- Quan st am-pe k, tc k v ghi li cc gi tr vo bng 1.2.

- Gi nguyn mc in p U = 200V, ct CB1, sau ng li CB1.

- Quan st cc am-pe k, ghi nhn gi tr dng in m my v dng

in khng ti khi ng c u tam gic.

Imm = [A] ; Io = [A].

- Khi kt thc th nghim, chnh bin p v gi tr 0V.

- Ct CB1.


kmm = ; ko = .


Bng 1.2: cc thng s ca ng c u tam gic, khi thay i in p t

Stt in p (V)

Dng in pha A (A)

Dng in pha B (A)

Dng in pha C (A)

Tc (vng/pht)

1 40

2 60

3 80

4 100

5 120

6 140

7 160

8 180

9 200

Da vo cc thng s bng 1.2, v:

- c tuyn tc theo in p n=f (U).

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12 | BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA 1.3.2 Th nghim khi ng c lm vic c ti

th nghim ny, ng c khng ng b ni ng trc vi my pht mt

chiu, dng bn in tr mc song song lm ti cho my pht mt chiu.

- Tt c cc kha ng cho ti u v tr ct (v tr OFF).

- Ni dy theo s hnh 1.5.

Hnh 1.5: s ni dy ca ng c khng ng b khi mang ti.

Sau khi Gio vin hng dn kim tra v cho php, sinh vin thc hin tip

cc bc sau:

- ng CB1.

- ng ngun cung cp cho ng c bng cch n nt ON ca

contactor, quan st tc quay ca ng c.

- ng CB2 (ng ngun t my pht in mt chiu, cung cp cho

ti).

- Tng dn ti ca my pht bng cch ng ln lt cc kha k1, k2,

k3, k4, theo yu cu v ghi nhn cc gi tr theo yu cu nh trong bng 1.3.

- Ct tt c cc kha ti theo th t k4, k3, k2, k1.

- Ct CB2 ca ngun my pht v dng ng c, kt thc th nghim.

BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA > 13 Bng 1.3: cc thng s ca ng c, my pht

Stt

Trng thi

ng ca cc kha

NG C MY PHT

in p

(V)

Dng in (A)

Cng sut (W)

H s cng sut (cos)

Tc quay

(v/ph)

in p (V)

Dng in (A)

1 k1 380

2 k2 380

3 k3 380

4 k2, k3 380

5 k1, k2, k3 380

6 k1, k2, k4 380

7 k2, k3, k4 380

Da vo cc thng s bng 1.3, v cc c tuyn:

- c tuyn dng in s cp theo cng sut c I1=f (P2)

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- c tuyn tc theo cng sut c n=f (P2)

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- c tuyn moment c theo cng sut c M2=f (P2)


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- c tuyn moment c theo cng sut c M2=f (P2)

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- c tuyn h s cng sut theo cng sut c M2=f (P2)

16 | BI 1: NG C KHNG NG B BA PHA Nhn xt: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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- c tuyn hiu sut theo cng sut c M2=f (P2)

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BI 2: MY IN MT CHIU > 17

BI 2: MY IN MT CHIU

Sau khi hc xong bi ny, hc vin c th:

Thc hnh cc phng php m my ca ng c in mt chiu;

Kho st cc trng thi lm vic khng ti v c ti ca ng c in mt

chiu;

V cc c tuyn lm vic ca ng c, my pht in mt chiu;

2.1 PHN CHUN B NH

Cu 1: Cc b phn chnh ca my in mt chiu v cng dng ca n?

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Cu 2: Phn loi my in mt chiu?

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18 | BI 2: MY IN MT CHIU Cu 3: Nguyn l lm vic c bn ca my in mt chiu?

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Cu 4: ngha tr s cng sut nh mc ghi trn nhn my? Cng sut nh mc

ghi trn ng c l cng sut g?

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Cu 5: Cc yu cu khi m my ng c in mt chiu? Cc phng php m

my ng c in mt chiu v so snh u, khuyt im ca tng phng

php?

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BI 2: MY IN MT CHIU > 19

Cu 6: Cc ng c tnh ca my pht in mt chiu?

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Mô phỏng mạch điện - hutech.edu.vn trin… · Người học phải dự học đầy đủ các buổi lên lớp và làm bài tập đầy đủ ở nhà. II | ... điện