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MMoodduullee SSeevveenn
DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonnss
TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss
1. Drug Classifications (p 3) A. Drug Classification Groups (p 4) B. United States Adopted Names (p 5)
2. Generic and Corresponding Brand-Name Drugs by Classification
A. Anesthetics (p 6) B. Analgesics (p 6)
i. Sample Questions (p 7) C. Antineoplastics (p 8) D. Antihyperlipidemic (p 8) E. Anti-Infectives (p 9)
i. Sample Questions (p 10) F. Cardiovascular (p 11)
i. Sample Questions (p 12) G. Dermatological (p 13) H. Gastrointestinal (p 13)
i. Sample Questions (p 14) I. Hematological (p 15) J. Hormones (p 15) K. Immunobiologic (p 16)
i. Sample Questions (p 16) L. Musculoskeletal (p 17) M. Neurological (p 17) N. Ophthalmic (p 18)
i. Sample Questions (p 19) O. Psychotropic (p 20)
i. Sample Questions (p 21) P. Respiratory (p 22)
i. Sample Questions (p 23)
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3. Nutritional Supplements (p 24) A. Vitamins (p 24) B. Electrolytes and Minerals (p 25)
i. Sample Questions (p 26) 4. Drugs that Look and Sound Alike (p 27) 5. Answer Key for Sample Questions (p 28)
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11.. DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonnss When certain drugs are used for different parts of the body it is called the classification of the drug. ! A drug�s name begins with the chemical name that describes its
components and structure. This name identifies the specific compound used in the formulation of a drug, but they are long, complicated names and not useful for general communication.
! The Brand name of a drug is the name given by the sponsoring
company who compounded the drug. ! After a brand-name drug is no longer protected under patent law, it
can be marketed by other companies as a generic drug.
This is why you need to know the generic names and the corresponding brand names of the top drugs in each classification. Make Flash Cards to memorize ALL of the generic and corresponding brand names found in each drug classification in this Module.
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AA.. DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn GGrroouuppss Drugs are classified by a disorder, body system effect, type of receptors, and type of action.
Groups of Drug Classifications:
Analgesics
Anesthetics
Antineoplastics
Antihyperlipidemic
Anti-Infectives
Cardiovascular
Dermatological
Electrolytes and Minerals
Gastrointestinal
Hematological
Hormones
Immunobiologic
Musculoskeletal
Neurological
Ophthalmic
Psychotropic
Respiratory
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BB.. UUnniitteedd SSttaatteess AAddoopptteedd NNaammeess ((UUSSAANN)) The USAN designates nonproprietary names for drugs. This council was formed in the 1960�s by the American Medical Association and the United States Pharmacopoeia. Now the American Pharmacists Association and the FDA are included in the Council. Once approved by these different agencies, the name becomes the �official� name of the drug. The Stems below are used in drug names to indicate the classification / function of the drug. Stems Classes alol alpha and beta blockers andr androgens ase enzymes azaepam anti-anxiety eosin` antihypertensive caine local anesthetics cef cephalosporin cillin penicillin conazole anti-fungal cort cortisone cycline antibiotics estr estrogens gest progestin mycin antibiotics olol Beta-blockers olone steroids oxacin antibiotics pamide diuretics pamil coronary vasodilators pramine antidepressants pril antihypertensives profen anti-inflammatory sulfa antibiotics terol bronchodilators thiazide diuretics vastatin antihyperlipidemics
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22.. GGeenneerriicc aanndd CCoorrrreessppoonnddiinngg BBrraanndd--NNaammee DDrruuggss bbyy CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn
AA.. AAnneesstthheettiiccss Anesthetics cause an absence of sensation or pain.
! Local anesthesia is administered directly to an area to be numbed. It is commonly used in dental work.
! General anesthesia produces a complete loss of consciousness. It is used for surgeries and administered by an anesthesiologist.
Generic name Brand name Procaine Novocain Tetracaine Pontocaine Bupivacaine Marcaine Dibucaine Nupercainal Halothane Fluothane Midazolam Versed Fentanyl Duragesic BB.. AAnnaallggeessiiccss Analgesics are pain-killers. C-II drugs are pure narcotics.
Generic Name Brand Name Acetylsalicylic Acid Aspirin Acetaminophen Tylenol Ibuprofen Motrin Naproxen Naprosyn Meperidine Demerol (C-II) Tramadol Ultram Propoxyphene/Acetaminophen Darvon-N Oxycodone/Acetaminophen Percocet (C-II) Morphine MS Contin Hydrocodone /Acetaminophen Vicodin (C-II) Dextroamphetamine + Adderall (C-II) Amphetamine, mixed salts
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i. Sample Questions
1. Acetylsalicylic Acid______ a. Duragesic
2. Ibuprofen______ b. Demerol
3. Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen_____ c. Ultram
4. Roxicet d. Versed
5. Procaine______ e. Percocet
6. Midazolam______ f. MS Contin
7. Meperidine______ g. Novocain
8. Naproxen______ h. Tylenol
9. Fentanyl______ i. Naprosyn
10. Halothane______ j. Aspirin
11. Oxaprozin______ k. Pontocaine
12. Propoxyphene/Acetaminophen_____ l. Darvon-N
13. Tetracaine______ m. Marcaine
14. Bupivacaine______ n. Fluothane
15. Acetaminophen______ o. Motrin
16. Tramadol______ p. Vicodin
17. Dibucaine______ q. Daypro
18. Morphine Sulfate______ u. Nupercainal
19. Dextroamphetamine+ v. Adderall Amphetamine, mixed salts______
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CC.. AAnnttiinneeooppllaassttiiccss Antineoplastics inhibit the growth of new cancer cells. Generic Name Brand Name
Cyclophosphamide Cytoxan
Cisplatin Platinol
Methotrexate Rheumatrex
Fluorouracil (5-FU) Efudex
Vincristine Oncovin
Paclitaxel Taxol (refrigerate)
Etoposide Vepesid (refrigerate)
Tamoxifen Nolvadex
Doxorubicin Adriamycin
DD.. AAnnttiihhyyppeerrlliippiiddeemmiicc Antihyperlipidemic drugs lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Generic Name Brand Name
Lovastatin Mevacor
Atorvastatin Lipitor
Simvastatin Zocor
Fluvastatin Lescol
Pravastatin Pravachol
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EE.. AAnnttii--IInnffeeccttiivveess Anti-Infectives treat diseases produced by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
Generic Name Brand Name
Ampicillin Omnipen
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Augmentin
Cefaclor Ceclor (penicillin sensitive)
Cephalexin Keflex
Levofloxacin Levaquin
Ciprofloxacin Cipro
Azithromycin Zithromax
Sulfisoxazole Bactrim (sun sensitive)
Tetracycline Sumycin (sun sensitive)
Metronidazole Flagyl
Acyclovir Zovirax
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i. Sample Questions
1. Ampicillin_____ a. Augmentin
2. Amoxicillin/Clavulanate_____ b. Lescol
3. Cefaclor______ c. Zithromax
4. Cephalexin______ d. Zovirax
5. Ciprofloxacin_____ e. Omnipen
6. Azithromycin_____ f. Ceclor
7. Acyclovir_____ g. Keflex
8. Metronidazole_____ h. Flagyl
9. Cyclophosphamide_____ i. Rheumatrex
10. Cisplatin_____ j. Oncovin
11. Methotrexate_____ k. Vepesid
12. Vincristine ______ l. Cipro
13. Paclitaxel______ m. Nolvadex
14. Etoposide_____ n. Platinol
15. Tamoxifen_____ o. Cytoxan
16. Lovastatin_____ p. Lipitor
17. Atorvastatin_____ q. Zocor
18. Pravastatin_____ r. Mevacor
19. Simvastatin_____ s. Pravachol
20. Fluvastatin_____ t. Taxol
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FF.. CCaarrddiioovvaassccuullaarr Cardiovascular drugs treat conditions and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Generic Name Brand Name
Nitroglycerin Nitrostat (protect from light)
Nifedipine Procardia
Verapamil Calan
Lidocaine Xylocaine
Diltiazem Cardizem
Losartan Cozaar
Isosorbide Isordil
Furosemide Lasix
Atenolol Tenormin
Lisinopril Prinivil
Warfarin Coumadin (Do not take with aspirin)
Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) Hydrodiuril
Heparin n/a
Metoprolol Lopressor
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i. Sample Questions
1. Nifedipine_____ a. Xylocaine
2. Nitroglycerin_____ b. Isordil
3. Metoprolol_____ c. Hydrodiuril
4. Diltiazem_____ d. Lasix
5. Verapamil_____ e. Cozaar
6. Furosemide_____ f. Prinivil
7. Atenolol_____ g. Tenormin
8. Lisinopril_____ h. Calan
9. Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ)_____ i. Heparin
10. Warfarin_____ j. Procardia
11. Heparin_____ k. Coumadin
12. Lidocaine_____ l. Cardizem
13. Isosorbide_____ m. Lopressor
14. Losartan_____ n. Nitrostat
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GG.. DDeerrmmaattoollooggiiccaallss Dermatologicals are drugs used to treat a disease or condition of the skin. Generic Name Brand Name Hydrocortisone Cortisporin Silver Sulfadiazine Silvadene Clotrimazole Lotrimin AF Betamethasone Diprolene Ofloxacin Floxin Triamcinolone Kenalog Clobetasol Temovate Ketoconazole Nizoral HH.. GGaassttrrooiinntteessttiinnaall Gastrointestinal agents are used to treat disorders of the stomach and intestines.
Generic Names Brand Name Loperamide Imodium Diphenoxylate/Atropine Lomotil Trimethobenzamide Tigan Prochlorperazine Compazine Cimetidine Tagamet Famotidine Pepcid Lansoprazole Prevacid Ranitidine Zantac Cisapride Propulsid Omeprazole Prilosec Esomeprazole Nexium Promethazine Phenergan (suppositories, refrigerate)
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i. Sample Questions
1. Propulsid_____ a. Ranitidine
2. Nizoral_____ b. Clobetasol
3. Tagamet _____ c. Betamethasone
4. Silver Sulfadiazine _____ d. Cisapride
5. Kenalog_____ e. Loperamide
6. Trimethobenzamide _____ f. Famotidine
7. Temovate_____ g. Silvadene
8. Diprolene _____ h. Lansoprazole
9. Pepcid_____ i. Omeprazole
10. Zantac_____ j. Esomeprazole
11. Prevacid_____ k. Cimetidine
12. Prilosec_____ l. Ketoconazole
13. Imodium_____ m. Ofloxacin
14. Floxin_____ n. Diphenoxylate/Atropine
15. Lomotil_____ o. Tigan
16. Nexium_____ p. Triamcinolone
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II.. HHeemmaattoollooggiiccaall Hematological drugs are used to prevent or treat excessive bleeding. Generic Name Brand Name Desmopressin DDAVP Phytonadione Mephyton Cyanocobalamin Vitamin B 12, Nascobal Thrombin Powder n/a JJ.. HHoorrmmoonneess Hormone drugs are given to stimulate or inhibit hormone secretion. Generic Name Brand Name Epinephrine Adrenalin Glyburide Micronase Glucagon GlucaGen Insulin Humulin, Humalog, Novolin, Novolog
(refrigerate) Glipizide Glucotrol Metformin Glucophage Methimazole Tapazole Levothyroxine Levoxyl Norethindrone/Mestranol Ortho-Novum 1/50 (dispense a patient package insert with each prescription for hormones or birth control pills) Sildenafil Citrate Viagra Clomiphene Citrate Clomid Etonogestrel + Ethinyl Estradiol Nuvaring (refrigerate)
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KK.. IImmmmuunnoobbiioollooggiicc A vaccine containing infectious agents to boost the body�s immune system response. These drugs need to be refrigerated or kept in the freezer according to the manufacturer�s recommendation.) Vaccine Name Diphtheria Toxoid Rabies Immune Globulin Hepatitis A Immune Globulin Hepatitis B Immune Globulin Tetanus Immune Globulin i. Sample Questions
1. Cyanocobalamin______ a. Glucagon
2. Sildenafil Citrate________ b. Vitamin B-12
3. Epinephrine________ c. Glucophage
4. Glyburide________ d. DDAVP
5. Glucagon________ e. Tapazole
6. Phytonadione________ f. Ortho-Novum 1/50
7. Glipizide________ g. Clomid
8. Levothyroxine_______ h. Adrenalin
9. Norethindrone/Mestranol ____ i. Glucotrol
10. Desmopressin________ j. Micronase
11. Clomiphene Citrate________ k. Levoxyl
12. Metformin________ l. Mephyton
13. Methimazole________ m. Viagra
14. Insulin_____ n. Humulin
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LL.. MMuussccuulloosskkeelleettaall Musculoskeletal drugs are used for chronic and often progressive inflammatory conditions caused by the dysfunction of the immune system.
Generic Name Brand Name Colchicine n/a Allopurinol Zyloprim Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril Diazepam Valium Carisoprodol Soma Baclofen Lioresal Chlorzoxazone Parafon Forte Metaxalone Skelaxin Methocarbamol Robaxin Orphenadrine citrate Norflex MM.. NNeeuurroollooggiiccaall Neurological drugs are used when common neurological disorders are affected by abnormalities in neurotransmitter response or release. These kinds of disorders include: Alzheimer�s disease, Parkinson�s disease, and migraine headaches. Generic Name Brand Name Benztropine Mesylate Cogentin Gabapentin Neurontin Phenytoin Dilantin Phenobarbital Donnatal Ergotamine Cafergot Sumatriptan Imitrex Carbidopa/Levodopa Sinemet
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NN.. OOpphhtthhaallmmiicc Ophthalmic drugs are used to treat diseases, disorders, and various conditions of the eye. Generic Name Brand Name
Betaxolol Betopic
Timolol Timoptic
Dipivefrin Propine
Dexamethasone Decadron
Prednisolone Pred-Mild
Ketorolac Acular
Dexamethasone/Tobramycin Tobradex
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i. Sample Questions
1. Dipivefrin______ a. Acular
2. Betaxolol______ b. Pred Forte
3. Colchicine______ c. Timoptic
4. Allopurinol______ d. Tobradex
5. Cyclobenzaprine_____ e. Flexeril
6. Diazepam______ f. Propine
7. Carbidopa/Levodopa______ g. Valium
8. Benztropine______ h. Cogentin
9. Gabapentin______ i. Imitrex
10. Phenytoin______ j. Dilantin
11. Dexamethasone______ k. Soma
12. Sumatriptan______ l. Sinemet
13. Timolol ______ m. Neurontin
14. Gentamicin______ n. Decadron
15. Dexamethasone/Tobramycin______ o. Garamycin
16. Prednisolone Acetate______ p. Zyloprim
17. Ketorolac______ q. Betoptic
18. Carisoprodol______ r. Colchicine
19. Metaxalone ______ s. Norflex
20. Orphenadrine citrate______ t. Skelaxin
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OO.. PPssyycchhoottrrooppiicc Psychotropic drugs are behavior-modifying drugs used to treat psychiatric conditions such as bipolar disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, depression, drug addiction, and sleep disorders.
Generic Name Brand Name
Carbamazepine Tegretol
Divalproex Sodium Depakote
Diazepam Valium
Lorazepam Ativan
Alprazolam Xanax
Paroxetine Paxil
Fluoxetine Prozac
Amitriptyline Elavil
Trazodone Desyrel
Bupropion Wellbutrin
Olanzapine Zyprexa
Haloperidol Haldol
Risperidone Risperdal
Buspirone Buspar
Sertraline Zoloft
Disulfiram Antabuse
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i. Sample Questions
1. Carbamazepine_______ a. Prozac
2. Lorazepam_______ b. Elavil
3. Alprazolam_______ c. Wellbutrin
4. Buspirone_______ d. Desyrel
5. Paroxetine_______ e. Zyprexa
6. Sertraline_______ f. Tegretol
7. Fluoxetine_______ g. Depakote
8. Amitriptyline_______ h. Haldol
9. Trazodone_______ i. Risperdal
10. Bupropion_______ j. Ativan
11. Olanzapine_______ k. Xanax
12. Haloperidol_______ l. Antabuse
13. Risperidone_______ m. Buspar
14. Disulfiram_______ n. Paxil
15. Divalproex Sodium_______ o. Zoloft
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PP.. RReessppiirraattoorryy Respiratory drugs are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders. ! Examples: Antihistamines, Antitussives (reduce the viscosity of
secretion), Bronchodilators, and Decongestants. ! A patient�s package insert about the drug is mandatory when
dispensing inhalants. Generic Names Brand Names Diphenhydramine Benadryl
Fexofenadine Allegra
Loratadine Claritin
Pseudoephedrine Sudafed
Benzonatate Tessalon
Dextromethorphan Benylin
Guaifenesin Robitussin
Metaproterenol Alupent (inhalant)
Ipratropium Bromide Atrovent (inhalant)
Albuterol Sulfate Proventil (inhalant)
Salmeterol Serevent (inhalant)
Beclomethasone Beconase (inhalant)
Fluticasone Flonase (inhalant)
Cetirizine Zyrtec
Phenylephrine Neo-Synephrine (inhalant)
Codeine/Guaifenesin Robitussin A-C
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i. Sample Questions
1. Loratadine_______ a. Alupent
2. Cetirizine_______ b. Proventil
3. Phenylephrine_____ c. Flonase
4. Codeine/Guafenesin_______ d. Robitussin
5. Benzonatate _______ e. Serevent
6. Dextromethorphan _______ g. Beconase
7. Guafenesin_______ h. Allegra
8. Metaproterenol_______ i. Benylin
9. Ipratropium Bromide_______ j. Atrovent
10. Albuterol Sulfate_______ k. Claritin
11. Salmeterol_______ l. Zyrtec
12. Fexofenadine _______ m. Neo-Synephrine
13. Beclomethasone______ n. Robitussin A-C
14. Fluticasone_______ o. Tessalon Perles
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33.. NNuuttrriittiioonnaall SSuupppplleemmeennttss AA.. VViittaammiinnss Vitamins are necessary for normal growth or functioning of the body. They are organic substances occurring in small amounts in fresh foods (meats, vegetables, fruits, etc). Vitamin supplements can be taken when the body does not get enough from food intake. Vitamins are either fat or water-soluble. Fat-Soluble Vitamins are absorbed with other lipids and the absorption requires the presence of bile and pancreatic juices.
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K (increases blood clotting)
Water-Soluble Vitamins can dissolve in water.
Vitamin B Complex
Vitamin B 1 (Thiamin)
Vitamin B 2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B 3 (Niacin)
Vitamin B 6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B 7 (Biotin)
Vitamin B 9 (Folic Acid)
Vitamin B 12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
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BB.. EElleeccttrroollyytteess aanndd MMiinneerraallss Electrolytes are a balance of body fluids essential to health and body function. Minerals help keep the body�s fluids and electrolytes in balance. Mineral Supplements Abbreviations Potassium (K) Sodium (Na) Chloride (Cl) Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Phosphorus (P) Iron (Fe) Iodine (I) Zinc (Zn) Fluoride (F) Copper (Cu)
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i. Sample Questions 1. What Vitamins are fat soluble? a. B 1 and B 2 b. A and D c. C d. B complex 2. What Vitamins are water soluble? a. E and B b. K and B c. B and C d. A and C 3. What is K? a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Zinc d. Copper 4. What is Fe? a. Calcium b. Fluoride c. Iron d. Sodium
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44.. DDrruuggss tthhaatt LLooookk aanndd SSoouunndd AAlliikkee Because it is important to never dispense the wrong drug to a patient, it is important to know how to distinguish the following sound-alike drugs from each other. Bupropion Buspirone
Captopril Capitrol
Cefotaxime Ceftizoxime
Clomiphene Clomipramine
Dapsone Daypro
Digoxin Digitoxin
Dopamine Dobutamine
Dyclonine Dicyclomine
Glyburide Glipizide
Hydralazine Hydroxyzine
Lisinopril Fosinopril
Metoprolol Metaproterenol
Prednisone Prednisolone
Reserpine Risperidone
Sulfamethizole Sulfamethoxazole
Thyrolar Theolair
Timolol Atenolol
Vincristine Vinblastine
Zofran Zoloft
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55.. AAnnsswweerr KKeeyy ffoorr SSaammppllee QQuueessttiioonnss 2. B. (p 7)
1. j 2. o 3. p 4. e 5. g 6. d 7. b 8. i 9. a 10. n 11. q 12. l 13. k 14. m 15. h 16. c 17. u 18. f 19. v
2. E. (p 10)
1. e 2. a 3. f 4. g 5. l 6. c 7. d 8. h 9. o 10. n 11. i 12. j 13. t 14. k 15. m 16. r 17. p 18. s 19. q 20. b
2. F. (p 12)
1. j 2. n 3. m 4. l 5. h 6. d 7. g 8. f 9. c 10. k 11. i 12. a 13. b 14. e
2. H. (p 14)
1. d 2. l 3. k 4. g 5. f 6. o 7. b 8. c 9. f 10. a 11. h 12. i 13. e 14. m 15. n 16. j
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2. K. (p 16)
1. b 2. m 3. h 4. j 5. a 6. l 7. i 8. k 9. f 10. d 11. g 12. c 13. e 14.n
2. N. (p 19)
1. f 2. q 3. r 4. p 5. e 6. g 7. l 8. h 9. m 10. j 11. n 12. i 13. c 14. o 15. d 16. b 17. a 18. k 19. t 20. s
2. O. (p 21)
1. g 2. j 3. k 4. m 5. n 6. o 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. c 11. e 12. h 13. i 14. l 15. g
2. P. (p 23)
1. k 2. l 3. m 4. n 5. o 6. i 7. d 8. a 9. j 10. b 11. e 12. h 13. g 14. c
3. B (p 26)
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c