Mogucnosti Zloupotrebe Bioloskog Oruzja

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    UDK 632.458.2 : 343.326

    : 20.12.2012.

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    ,, . , ,, ( t al., 2003:8). , , , (,,dual use). , , , , ; - ; - , - , (, 2012:37).

    , (Bolz et al., 2002:56). . , (, , 2012:162). , 1995. , ,,Aum Shinrikyo ( ), 11 5.500 (Bowman, 2007:123). , . () .

    - ,1 , (Cookson, 1970:220). , 12 ,

    1 1997. 74 , 30% (22) . 1988. , 181 , 62% (112,9) . , ,,FBI ,, (Noll et al., 2002:51).

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    , . (calfe, 2002:35). , ( ) (, 2013:5).

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    2 1990. , ; 1995. , ; 1996. , ; ,,Rajneesh je 1984. , 750 . , (Hawley et al., 2001:56).

    3 , , ao - - : , , , , , - ( et al., 2011:112).

    4 Centers for Diseases and Control Prevention ( The Public Health Response to Bilogical and Chemical Terrorism (Interim Plan-ning Guidance for State Public Health Official). US Department of Healht and Human Services, 2001., . 43.

    5 : Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Managing Hazardous Materials Incidents: Aplanning Guide for the Management of Contaminated Pa-

  • 125

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    , , 1947. , , , (Bolz et al., 2002:98). , , .

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    tients (volume I and II). Atlanta, 1992.6 1972. , 1975. ,

    . -, , . 163 (Bowman, 2007:75).

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    (, 2012:56). - , , .

    . - : , ( et. al., 2003:17).

    e . , . -, , . : , , , -, .7

    e . - , . , -. . , , . : cohiella burnetti (Q ), brucella (), burkholderia mallei, , -Q ), brucella (), burkholderia mallei, , - ), brucella (), burkholderia mallei, , -brucella (), burkholderia mallei, , -(), burkholderia mallei, , -burkholderia mallei, , - mallei, , -mallei, , -, , - ( ), clostridium perfingens epsilon o, , , , .8

    , : , , - mycobacterium tuberculosis.9 .

    , - - (M, 2010:32).

    7 Centers fo Diseases Control and Prevention, Bioterrorism gens/Diseases. : www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist - category.asp. 12. 28. 2012. .

    8 Ibid.9 Ibid.

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    , , .10 , - , , .

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    11 , , , . , (scherichia coli) . , - . , . , , / . -, , (Clarke, 1970:64).

    12 . . - . . - ,, ,, . - . . , . , ,

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    : (bacillus anthracis), (francisella tularensis), (yersinia pestis), (burkhoderia mallei), (brucella spp.), (salmonella tphi), -, (brucella spp.), (salmonella tphi), -brucella spp.), (salmonella tphi), - spp.), (salmonella tphi), -spp.), (salmonella tphi), -.), (salmonella tphi), -salmonella tphi), - tphi), -tphi), -phi), -phi), -, - (shigella spp.), (vibrio cholerae), (escherichia coli) Q (coxiella burnetti), (Carus, 1998:47).

    ,,Bacillus anthracis. -Bacillus anthracis. - anthracis. -anthracis. - - , .13 - . , (Cordesman, Burke, 2008:67). , . 20%, 100%.14 -, . . (Combs, 2003:87). 1942. (Eric, 2002:43). , 40 .15

    , (ylor, 2000:131).

    13 . - . - , , . , , , , . , , , , (hrir, 2002:201).

    14 Ibid.15 , - , -

    , (, 2012:19). 1937. -. , 18. 9. 2001. 5 22 . ,, - . . : 1.125000 , 10.000

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    - (Cordesman, Burke, 2008:65). , , - , , . , , - . ,,Francisella tularensis, , (Heyer, 1999:23). , - (Dennis, 2005:76). , , . - . , , , , , , (hrir, 2002:121). -hrir, 2002:121). - -, , . 14 , , . 1% - , 5% 15% (, 2012:55). Q .

    -.16 200 . , 40% - VII XIV (Plesh, 2006:43). . - , - .

    3,75 , , - (Torr, 2005:64).

    16 - - ,,Yersinia pestis, , , 25% - (Tucker, 2000:76).

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    , . . , , . - (, 1998:137). , . , , , -, , (, 2012:51). - . , , , - . - . , , ,,Yersinia pestis. 1999. . , , (Stilp, Bevelacqua, 1997:71).

    , - (Perkins, Popovic, 2002:42). . : ( ), , - ( , -), (, ), , . (Win, Masum, 2006:131).

    . - , , - 1977. (calfe, 2002:93). . - 1754-1767. , (Torr, 1998:46). - (Torr, 1998:46). -- 1980. - , , , ( et al., 2003:18).

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    -. , 20% 40% (Perkins, Popovic, 2002:58). , , - . - , . 17 , . , -, , , . (Jahrling, 2003:178). , .17

    - . , , - - - (Preston, 1998:74). 100.000, 1,5 . ,,- ,, (Weber, 2007:112). ,, - ,, (Weber, 2007:112). ,, - ,, (Weber, 2007:112). ,, -,, (Weber, 2007:112). ,, - (Weber, 2007:112). ,, - (Weber, 2007:112). ,, - (Weber, 2007:112). ,, -Weber, 2007:112). ,, - ,, - , . . - : (coccidioides immitis) (histoplazma capsulatum) (Roffey et al., 2002:46).

    . , - , - - (Klietmann, Ruoff, 2001:136). , , - . : ( -

    17 2002. 500.000 , - , (Carys, 2002:130).

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    , , ), ( ), ( ) (, 1989:385-416). -(, 1989:385-416). - - : , - , , , , - (Hawley et al., 2001:94). .

    1770. . . . - (Knobler et al., 2002:73). 1346. - 1346. - 1346. - 1346. - 1346. -1346. - . . .18

    .19 . . - . , - (nobler et al., 2002:145). , , . 20.000 , 200.000. (Shea, Gottron, 2004:72). - (Eric, 2002:225). 1951. 1952. , . -

    18 4. . . . 30.000 . , (Ta-Ta-hrir, 2002:34).

    19 , , . -, , , . 1942. , 250 6.500 .

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    . , (Burke, 1997:41).

    70- - - ,, - ,,Botulinus , (Burce, 1969:201).20 2001. , , (Preston, 1998:99). . - .21

    (Hawley et al. 2002:28). T, -Hawley et al. 2002:28). T, - T, -T, - - . , : -; ; - (Alberts, 2005:74). - (Alberts, 2005:74). - - , - , , .22 ,

    20 , -, ,, 7. ,,Raj-neesh je 1984. , , , ,,tuphimirium entercolitisau 751 (Burce, 1969:123).

    21 ,, 1993. . 200 (Gregory, Yvorra, 2005:23).

    22 . , ,,- . , ,,- 17.500 (, 2012:30). (Blum, 2002:17).

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    , , -, , , , , , (, t al., 2003:9). , -t al., 2003:9). , - , - : a; ; - ; (- ); (, 2013:8). - , (Mauer, 2009:12).

    , - : - ; 23; ; 24; ; , (Hoffman, 1999:172).

    , . e e, (, 1968:37). 2001. - (, 1968:37). 2001. - 2001. - . , - , . , , , . - (Beshidze, 2007:57).

    . -

    . XX 120 . , , 20 350 (Eric, 2002:58).

    23 .

    24 .

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    - (Larsen, 2010:33). , - (Larsen, 2010:33). , - - , . , . , , -. , , - (Shirley, 2011:67).

    - . , - - .

    XXI .25 , -, , , (, 2013:9). , , , , - . , - , : , - , (, 2011:274).

    , . , . , - . , - , .

    25 , . (Heyer, 1999:48-57).

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    , , . - - - (, 2011:278). , (, -). - , , - . , , . - : , , , - .

    , ().

    . , , ( ) . , , , , , . . , . / , () , . (, , ), . , () . ,

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    : (), ( ) .

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    , ., , ., , ., , ., (2003). , , .

    Possibilities of Biological Weapons Abuse for Terrorist Purposes

    Abstract: For centuries, biological agents have been used in warfare, ter-rorist or criminal activities. It seemed that the signing of the convention on bi-ological weapons would contribute to biological weapons to become just an unpleasant memory of the past. However, bioterrorism has become a reality of the modern world due to its characteristics, causes and consequences. At the same time, the expansion of high technology on one hand and the ability of bi-ological weapons to cause massive destruction or mass casualties on the other hand, shifts the focus of the public and experts from the question will there be to the question of when will there be a terrorist attack using bio-logical weapons.

    Therefore, in this paper, the author discusses the concept, classification, and history of the use of biological weapons, and the possibility of their use for terrorist purposes.

    Keywords: biological weapons, bioterrorism, history, classification, tac-tics, emergency situations, security.