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Monica Paz

CHS 245 OL- 14004

Chapter 12:The Empire and The

People

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Ideology of Expansion

In s!"ic!con#dence$%Is&o'ld(elco)e

al)os! any(a"* fo" I !&in+!&is co'n!"yneeds one%,-&eodo"e.oose/el!

&e panic of 1 ca'sed a )a3o" econo)ic dep"essionin 1% people (e"e despe"a!e !o sell !&ei" p"od'c!sand ge! ac+ on !&ei" fee!% &e idea of expansion egan!o de/elop and sp"ead ac"oss !&e ni!ed S!a!es% &ey!&o'g&! !&a! pe"&aps o/e"seas )a"+e!s fo" 6)e"icangoods )ig&! "elie/e !&e p"ole) of 'nde" cons')p!ion

a! &o)e and p"e/en! !&e econo)ic c"isis !&a! in !&e10s "o'g&! class (a",

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&e idea of Expansion and !"ade o/e" seas(as no!&ing ne( !o so)e 6)e"icans al"eady%

Ideology of Expansion

&e 6)e"ican a")edfo"ces &ad al"eady)ade 10in!e"/en!ione!(een 17-145(i!& o!&e"co'n!"ies % 8&ic&

incl'de 6"gen!ina*9ica"ag'a* :apanand C&ina%

Cap!ain 6% % Ma&an of !&e %S na/y* &elped(i!& !&e p"og"ession of expanding !&ei" !"ade!o o!&e" co'n!"ies% He g"ea!ly in;'encedP"esiden! &eodo"e .oose/el! and o!&e"

po(e"f'l leade"s%

6)e"icans )'s! no( egin !o loo+ fo"(a"d,

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Poo" Poe!"y* '! good sense f"o)!&e expansionis! s!andpoin!%,

Sena!o" Hen"y Cao! Lodge of Massac&'se!!s (asano!&e" &'ge s'ppo"!e" of expanding 6)e"ican)a"+e!s !o o!&e" co'n!"ies% I! is a )o/e)en! (&ic&)a+es fo" ci/iliza!ion and !&e ad/ance)en! of !&e"ace% 6s one of !&e g"ea! na!ions of !&e (o"ld !&eni!ed S!a!es )'s! no! fall o'! of line of )a"c&%,

6l!&o'g& expansion did see) !o &a/e )o"e gains !&anloses fo" !&e ni!ed S!a!es* Ho(a"d

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C'an- &e ni!ed S!a!es (as in f'll s'ppo"! of !&eC'an "e/ol'!ion * no! eca'se !&ey (an!ed !o &elp!&e "eels gain !&ei" independence '! eca'se !&ey(an!ed !o 'se C'a fo" !&ei" o(n ene#!% 6no!&e")a3o" "eason fo" !&e in!e"/en!ion of !&e ni!ed S!a!esin C'an (as !&a! if !&e C'an "eels (on of !&ei"

o(n !&ey fea"ed ano!&e" all >lac+ "ep'lic (o'ldfo")% elle" 6)end)en!

?!&e ni!ed s!a!es (as allo(ed &elp C'a gainindependence '! !&e needed !o (i!&d"a( all i!s!"oops f"o) !&e co'n!"y%

Of co'"se i! (as@

Ae"'a"y 1->a!!les&ip Maine)ys!e"io'sly exploded* 2B )en (e"e

los!% P"esiden! Mcinley and "ic&'siness o(ne"s (e"e despe"a!e inge!!ing Spain o'! of C'a% &e only (aypossile (as (a"% &ey D'ic+ly 'sed !&ise/en! !o !"igge" I! y la)ing !&eexplosion on Spain%

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Spanis&-6)e"ican 8a" Many &is!o"ies of !&e Spanis&-6)e"ican (a" &a/e said !&a!

p'lic opinion, in !&e ni!ed S!a!es led Mcinley !o decla"e (a"on Spain and send fo"ces !o C'a,

6)e"ican lao" 'nions fel! sy)pa!&y fo" !&e C'ans* !&ey (e"eagains! any 6)e"ican expansionis)%

Socialis!s (e"e also agains! !&e (a" * !&ey elie/ed i! (as a

fa/o"i!e )e!&od of "'le"s fo" +eeping !&e people f"o) "ed"essingdo)es!ic ("ongs%,

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Benets of the war

i"on and coal a"e a! an all !i)e &ig&

Mo"e 3os a"e a/ailale

Hig&e" (age

!ownside of the war&e poo" eca)e poo"e"

&e p"ices on p"od'c!s inc"eased

&is &as een a poo" )an=s (a"-paid fo" y!&e poo" )an% &e "ic& &a/e p"o#!ed y i!* as!&ey al(ays do$%,

&e Spanis& (e"e defea!ed (i!&in !&"ee)on!&s6)e"ican Mili!a"y igno"ed !&e p"esence of!&e C'an "eels%8&en !&e Spanis& s'""ende"ed no C'an(as allo(ed !o confe" o" sign on i!Old Spanis& a'!&o"i!ies (e"e lef! in c&a"ge

no! !&e C'ans&e %S% only ca"ed ao'! !&e 'siness

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6)e"icans egan !o !a+e o/e" C'an "ail"oads* )ines and s'ga"%

8i!&in !&e nex! fe( yea"s* 0 )illion of 6)e"ican capi!al (as in/es!ed%

1*00*000 ac"es of C'an land (as o'g&! fo" )e"ely 20 cen!s pe" ac"e%

ni!ed f"'i! )o/ed in !&e C'an s'ga" ind's!"y%

>y 101* 0 pe"cen! of C'an expo"!s (as 6)e"ican%

6)e"ican l')e" ind's!"ies planned on !a+ing o/e" !&e 1*000*000 ac"esof fo"es!

6)e"ican a+eo/e"

Cuba wanted to be fully independent and rule their owncountry"Wor#ers went on stri#e" $%the wor#ers of Cuba will nolon&er tolerate remainin& in total subjection'(tri#ers were arrested) *"(" troops too# o+er their jobs"Police went throu&h out the city of ,a+ana brea#in& upmeetin&s"The Platt -mendment was a loop hole to the Teller-mendment"The *"(" was not allowed to anne. Cuba) but under thePlatt -mendment) but the *"(" 0the ri&ht to inter+ene for

the preser+ation of Cuban independence) the maintenanceof a &o+ernment adeuate for the protection of life)0

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Fece)e" 1-Peace !"ea!y (as signed (i!& Spain%-Spain !'"ned o/e" G'a)* P'e"!o .ico* and !&e P&ilippines * in "e!'"n !&e %S

Paid 20 )illion dolla"s%-&e ni!ed S!a!es did no! +no( (&a! !o do (i!& !&e P&ilippines%-P"esiden! Mcinley s!a!ed &e !"'!& is I didn! (an! !&e P&ilippines$%6nd one nig&! la!e i! ca)e !o )e !&is (ay -- I don! +no( &o( i! (as* '! i!ca)e1J &a! (e co'ld no! gi/e !&e) ac+ !o Spain -- !&a! (o'ld e co(a"dly anddis&ono"ale%

2J &a! (e co'ld no! !'"n !&e) o/e" !o A"ance o" Ge")any* o'" co))e"cial"i/als in !&e O"ien! -- !&a! (o'ld e ad 'siness and disc"edi!ale%J &a! (e co'ld no! lea/e !&e) !o !&e)sel/es -- !&ey (e"e 'n#! fo" self-go/e"n)en! -- and !&ey (o'ld soon &a/e ana"c&y and )is"'le o/e" !&e"e(o"se !&an Spains (asK and4J &a! !&e"e (as no!&ing lef! fo" 's !o do '! !o !a+e !&e) all and !o ed'ca!e

!&e Ailipinos* and 'plif! and ci/ilize and C&"is!ianize !&e)* and y Gods g"acedo !&e /e"y es! (e co'ld y !&e)* as o'" fello( )en fo" (&o) C&"is! alsodied% 6nd !&en I (en! !o ed and (en! !o sleep and slep! so'ndly%,

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&e Ailipinos did no! ge! !&e sa)e )essagef"o) God,

Ae"'a"y 1* "eelled agains! 6)e"ican "'le3's! li+e &o( !&ey "eelled agains! Spanis& .'le%

ilipinos &ht bac#

E)ilio 6g'inaldo * Ailipino leade"Ai"s! "o'g&! f"o) C&ina !o lead soldie"s in!o Spain%>eca)e leade" of !&e insurrectos, aided !&e #g&!agains! !&eni!ed S!a!es%p"oposed Ailipino independence 'nde" %S%p"o!ec!o"a!e* '!&is p"oposal (as "e3ec!ed%P&ilippine 6)e"ican (a" ended in

102* i! !oo+ !&"ee yea"s fo" !&eni!ed S!a!es!o c"'s& !&e "eels%-fo'" !i)es as )any !"oops (e"e

'sed !&an in C'a- Ailipino dea!& "ig&! (as

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&e !as!e of e)pi"e (as on !&e lips of poli!icians and'siness in!e"es!s !&"o'g&o'! !&e co'n!"y no(,

6le"! >e/e"idge of !&e sena!e * s!a!ed on :an'a"y *100*,!&eP&ilippines a"e o'"s fo"e/e"%%%, !&a! i! (as !&e ni!ed S!a!es des!iny!o !a+e ad/an!age of !&e land* and 'se i! in !&e na)e of f"eedo)%

&e P&ilippines (as !&e"e en!"ance in!o !"ade (i!& !&e C&inese)a"+e!s%

I)pe"ialis) "an unequal human and territorial relationship, usually inthe form of an empire, based on ideas of superiority and practices ofdominance, and involving the extension of authority and control of onestate or people over another.(Dictionary of Human GeographyI! eca)e /e"y clea" !o !&e Ailipinos and so)e 6)e"icans* !&a! !&eni!ed S!a!es (as going !o !a+e f'll ad/an!age of !&e P&ilippines* and

ge! "id of anyone (&o go! in !&ei" (ay %

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8illia) :a)es

Ha"/a"d p&ilosop&e"* ("o!e a le!!e" !o !&e >os!on"ansc"ip! saying !&a! !&e P&ilippine ope"a!ion"ee+ed of !&e infe"nal ad"oi!ness of !&e g"ea!depa"!)en! s!o"e* (&ic& &as "eac&ed pe"fec!expe"!ness in !&e a"! of +illing silen!ly* and (i!& no

p'lic sD'alling o" co))o!ion* !&e neig&o"ing s)allconce"ns=,

-nti3imperialist 4ea&ueAo")ed of 6)e"ican 'siness)en* poli!icians and in!ellec!'als%8an!ed !o ed'ca!e !&e 6)e"ican people of !&e &o""o"s of !&eP&ilippine (a" and !&e e/ils of I)pe"ialis)%,E/e"yone in !&e g"o'p &ad die"en! opinions* '! !&ey all ag"eed !o!&e s!a!e)en! )ade y 8illia) :a)es *,God da)n !&e %S% fo" i!s/ile cond'c! in !&e P&ilippines Isle%,.acis) inc"eased d'"ing !&is !i)e* !&e soldie"s s!a!ioned in !&eP&ilippines (e"e ca"eless ao'! (&a! &appen !o !&e Ailipino people%

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>e!(een !&e yea"s 1 and 10* "acis) in !&e ni!ed S!a!es (as in!ense%

6f"ican 6)e"icans s'e"ed g"ea!ly d'"ing !&is !i)e* on a/e"age * e/e"y

(ee+* !(o neg"oes (e"e lync&ed y )osN&anged* '"ned* )'!ila!ed%,Ailipinos (e"e also a !a"ge! fo" !&ei" dis!inc! c&a"ac!e"is!ic die"ences !o !&ose

of !&e 8&i!e people%

.acis) a! an all !i)e &ig&@

In 101*!&e Manila co""esponden! of P&iladelp&ia Ledge"

"epo"!ed (&a! (as "eally going on in !&e P&ilippines* innocen!people (e"e eing +illed y !&e &'nd"eds%Ho(e/e" !&e ni!ed S!a!es )ili!a"y s&o(ed no "e)o"se fo" !&ei"ac!ions%Ins!ead !&ey (o'ld co)e 'p (i!& exc'ses fo" !&ei" ac!ions% &a!!&ey only s&o! in self defense%

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&e 6)e"icans &ad )o"e ad/anced #"epo(e" !&an !&e Ailipinos%

Fead Ailipinos (e"e piled so &ig& !&a! !&e 6)e"icans 'sed !&ei" odies fo""eas!(o"+,

6l!&o'g& !&e"e (as no denying !&e "'!ali!y !&a! (en! on d'"ing !&e P&ilippine6)e"ican (a" and !&e acc'sa!ions )ade y !&e an!i-i)pe"ialis) leag'e* so)e!"ade 'nions (e"e in f'll s'ppo"! of !&e c"i)es co))i!!ed in !&e P&ilippines%

If i! )ean! !&ey co'ld sell !&ei" p"od'c!s !o o!&e" co'n!"ies and )a+e ig )oney* i!(as all (o"!& i!%

6nnexa!ion of !&e P&ilippines (as co)ple!ely o'! !&e D'es!ion%

6l!&o'g& !&e 6n!i-i)pe"ialis! leag'e p"o/ided a"g')en!s agains! !a+ing !&eP&ilippines* )os! of !&e )e)e"s (e"e (o"+ing class* (o)en and >lac+s% Gi/ingpeople a! !&e !i)e e/en less "eason !o lis!en !o !&e) %

P&ilippines &ad no c&ance

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>lac+s in !&e )ili!a"y

So)e !&eo"ies on (&y 6f"ican 6)e"icans 3oined !&e a")y a"eo ge! a&ead in socie!y* !&e )ili!a"y oe"ed oppo"!'ni!ies !o!&e) !&ey co'ldn=! ge! any(&e"e else%.ace p"ide* !&e need !o s&o( !&a! lac+s (e"e co'"ageo's* aspa!"io!ic as anyone else,>lac+ soldie"s s!ill &ad !o deal (i!& "acis) o'!side !&e ni!edS!a!es%

&ei" 8&i!e co)"ades (e"e 3's! as "'!al !o !&e) as !&ey (e"ein !&e S!a!es%&e Ailipino "eels of!en add"essed !&e)sel/es !o !&e Colo"ed6)e"ican soldie"= in pos!e"s* "e)inding !&e) of lync&ing ac+&o)e* as+ing !&e) no! !o se"/e !&e (&i!e i)pe"ialis! agains!o!&e" colo"ed people%,Many >lac+ soldie"s 3oined !&e Ailipino "eels%

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>ac+ in !&e ni!ed S!a!es a g"o'ps of 6f"ican 6)e"icans sen! a)essage !o P"esiden! Mcinley* asically saying !&ey (e"e !"ied of&is igno"ance of !&ei" s'e"ing% Ho( &e (as 3's! as ad as !&epeople (&o sla'g&!e" innocen! >lac+s fo" no "eason%

6nd &o( (&en &e did go /isi! !&e) in !&e so'!& &e (o'ld al)os!

co))end !&e )'"de"s fo" !&ei" c"i)es* and !'"n !&e o!&e" c&ee+fo" !&e /ic!i)s (&o ac!'ally needed &i)%

In !&e #"s! fe( yea"s of !&e !(en!ie!& cen!'"y *despi!e all !&ede)ons!"a!ed po(e" of !&e s!a!e* la"ge n')e"s of >lac+s* 8&i!es*)en* (o)en eca)e i)pa!ien!* i))ode"a!e* 'npa!"io!ic%,

Ho)e s(ee! &o)e

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Slide 2

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Slide